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GEOGRAPHICAL PLACES, PEOPLES AND TRIBES
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other countries adjoining them were the Kamboya (Kamboja), Suya (Suka), Kavoya (Kapota) which were infested with the Savaras (27.5-7). They are again called as Vavvaras (Barbaras 27.26). They were flat-nosed (civiďanāsā 27.32). The horde of those peoples has been called as Cilāyasenna (27.8). Thus it is clear that these peoples are referred to as barbarians. They were the Kirātas (Cilátas), and the Sabaras whose habitations have been named as Kamboja, Suka and Kapota.
Kamboja - the Kambojas -The Mahabharata locates them along with the Gandharas and the Barbaras in the Uttarāpatha (XII. 207.43). In the Raghuvassa, Raghu meets them after defeating the Hupas on the bank of Varkşu (IV. 69f). Kalhaņa puta them in the north of Kashmir (Rajatar, IV. 163-176). On the evidence of the Raghuvaṁía, B. S. Upadhyaya locates them in the north-east of Kaśmīra (IK, p. 61) in the Ghalcha speaking areas of Pamir.
Suya = Suka or Saka ? :-They are not identified.
Kavoya=Kapota=Kapiśā ? :- Pāṇini refers to Kapisa along with Gandhāra and Balhīka (IV. 1.175). Kapiśā has been identified with the region next to Gandhāra coinciding with modern Kafiristan and occupying the whole area between the river Kunar and the Hindukush. The Rohitagiri separated Kapiśā from Balhika (IP, p. 48).
Kirātas :The Nepalese tradition still gives the name Kirāta to a region of their country (TAI, p. 283). On the basis of evidences from Mahabhārata the Kirāta region is said to be lying from Nepal to Assam (Bhārata Savitri, p. 135). The Kiratas of the Raghuvamśa have been identified with the Tibetans or Tibeto-Burmese of Ladakh, Zankar and Rupsu. In the Indian literature they have been placed along the Himalayan entire range mostly in the Brahmaputra valley (IK, P. 62). Similarly the PCV calls them as trans-Himalayan people.
Savaras = Śabaras:=In the Indian literature the Sabaras have been mentioned as the people of south, infesting the forest region (TAI, p. 172). But PCV mentions them as trans. Himalayan people.
Thus the Barbaras or the Ardha-Barbaras of the PCV are the wild tribes, also called as Mlecchas and they were the trans-Himalayan people.
Malā:-According to the MB (Sabha. 29) it was situated to the east of Videha and north-west of Magadha and on the north of the Ganges (GD, p. 121, see Mār. Pu, Tr. p. 330).
Gosala= Gasila (PCR, 101.82):-Govasana referred to in the MB is said to be the Sibi country (Bha. Sa, p. 135). Can the Gosalas be identified with the Govasanas ?
