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576
A CRITICAL STUDY OF PAUMACARIYA
Morphology Gender :-In some cases the gender of the nouns has changed.
Case Declensians:--(i) Generally the declensional variations of nouns ending in different vowels have been simplified. (ii) Masculine nouns ending in A take O in Nom. Sing.
Verbal Terminations:-(i) Generally conjugational complications have been simplified. (ii) Generally Present Tense, Future Tense, Imp. Mood and sometimes Potential Mood are used. Other Tenses and Moods have disappeared. (iii) Third Person Sing. indicative takes first (iv) Infinitive participles are Tum, Ur. & U. (v) Absolute participles are Ttapa, Ūņa and Ūņam and in some cases the termination Iya is used.
General:-Many Desi words are used here and there?
These tendencies prove that the language of the PCV represents the middle stage of the Middle Indo-Aryan which is called Prakrta by Vararuci and Hemacandra and is designated by the scholors as Mahārāștri.
I B-Then we find that.........
(1) There is 'Ya'śruti in place of A or A remaining after the elision of medial consonants. (ii) Medial Ka is pretty often changed into Ga. (iii) Initial Na is retained. (iv) We find some case forms of nouns and personal pronouns which are not dealt with by Vararuci but are consented to by Hemacandra. (v) Sometimes there is interchange between Infinitive and Absolute participles and there are a few cases of Absolute Participles in Ttu and Ttā. (vi) There is liberality in syntax which is in some cases sanctioned by Hemacandra.
These tendencies reveal that the dialect of the PCV is akin not to the Prakrta of Vararuci but to that of Hemacandra, the latter being designated by Jaina Mahārāştri.
II–The following peculiarities are noted in the language of the Paumacariyaṁ.
A. Traits of Ardhamā gadhi Canon :(1) There are the following instances: -
Dative in Ae, not less than 20 times as Atthae (jāņāvanatthae) 11.88) and see also 10.4, 11; 11.11, 18; 15.74; 27.12; 29.33; 31.60; 33 37; 39.69; 41.49; 44.3; 59.56; 67,8; 70.27; 98.6; 101.9; 115.1; 117.6; 118.55 and dhanuparikkhãe 28.103. Appending of plural termination
1. A List of Desi words and Onomatopoeic forms is given in Appendix No. 6 of
the revised edition of PCV, Pt. II, (P. T. S, 1968).
