Comparative Study of Indian Science

Author(s): Harisatya Bhattacharya
Publisher: C S Mallinath

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6. Paroksha Pramana. 2. We saw how the - Jaina logicians divided the Pramanas into two classes viz., Pratyaksha and Paroksha. In the preceding sections we have dealt the various modes of the Pratyaksha. We have seen how our sensuous apprehension of things begins with Grasp: how after this first flash, we want to know the details ; how we consequently come to determine the object of our consciousness; and how finally our knowledge of the thing thus acquired, being consolidated by Retention, develops into what we ordinarily call a Percept. With this consolidating operation of Retention the range of Perception closes. Further development of consciousness is through Paroksha Pramana or Ideation as spoken of in modern European psychology,
Like Pratyaksha, Paroksha also has its grades and modes. The first mode Smarana or Recollection helps us to reproduce and recognise a percept. The next is Pratyabhijná or Conception, by means of which we compare ideas and form general ideas. The third mode Uha is Induction and establishes relations between general ideas. Anumana is the next-step in the process of Ideation and deduces particular truths from inductive generalisations. The last mode of Paroksha Pramana consists in understanding and interpreting a system of