Comparative Study of Indian Science

Author(s): Harisatya Bhattacharya
Publisher: C S Mallinath

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are perception and recollection and it consists in comparing their matters. This comparison yields various results. (I) When we see a 'Gabaya , we almost automatically judge that a 'Gabaya' is similar to a 'Go' (Cow). Here Pratyabhijna is almost identical with the process of assimilation and lays the foundation for the Association by Similarity. (2) The second application of the principle of Pratyabhijna is made in our judgment 'A Buffalo is dissimilar to a Cow.' In such cases, Prataybhijna is identical with differentiation and accounts for our Association of Ideas by Contrast. (3) The third application of Pratyabhijna would be in cases where it finds out Similarity. Sameness or Identity in Difference. Thus a person, Jinadatta may at one time be found sitting: at another time, standing : at a third time, walking and so on. Inspite of these states which are admittedly different, the principle of Pratyabhijna discovers that it is the selfsame Jinadatta who is manifested in these different states : Pratyabhijna finds out in such cases what is technically called Urdhata-samanya or Essential Identity. In this aspect, Pratyabhijna is akin to Conception of modern psychology. (4) The last mode of Pratyabhijna discovers Sameness, or Similarity not in the different states or modes of activity of the selfsame thing but in the characteristics of the various