Comparative Study of Indian Science

Author(s): Harisatya Bhattacharya
Publisher: C S Mallinath

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Paryaya are in some respects distinct from each other in as much as the former is inherent in the nature of the Dravya and the latter is Dravya in its evolving aspect; but that in some respect again they are identical in as much as they are the aspects of one and the same reality.
The Nayas are classified into (1) the Dravyarthika Nayas and (2) the Paryayarthika Nayas. The former are so called because they deal with the Dravya or abstract reality. The latter, on the contrary, deal with the Paryayas or the particular aspects of reality.
14. Dravyarthika Naya. The Dravyarthika Naya has three modes--the Naigama, the Samgrala and the Vyavahara. (1) The. Naigama or the non-distinguished is so called because it takes two ideas in a lump, as it were. It leaves out of consideration, for the time being, the differences between the two ideas and gives a unitary idea of the two by subordinating the one to the other. The Naigama again may be of three modes, described and illustrated as follows :-(i) In the Soul, Consciousness is Existent. Here the Naigama subordinates the attribute 'Existence' to the attribute 'Conerinusness.'