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छन्दोऽनुशासनम् । belongs. He has thus given an independent status to the Prākrit and the Apabhramśa prosody. He starts the treatment of the Prākrit metres with the varieties of the Gīti, the first of which is the older Gitikā now called Ripucchandas, in Adhyāya IV. In the remaining portion of this Adhyāya he defines and illustrates several other kinds of metres derived from the Gātha and the Gīti, about 24 Catuşpadis called Galitakas, about 35 Catuspadis called Khañjakas (the difference between the Galitaka and the Khañjaka being that the former has the Yamaka, while the latter has only the Anuprāsa), and a few strophic metres consisting of two or three stanzas in different metres and so significantly called Dvibhangis or Tribhangis, but all passing under the general term Sirsakas. All these are considered as Prākrit metres by Hemacandra, though the constituent metres that are prescribed for all the strophic couplets and triplets except the first three and the last four, properly belong to Apabhraṁsa prosody, and are accordingly illustrated by him in the Apabhraṁsa language: At the end of these last i. e. strophic metres or Sīrşakas, we are told that these are well known among the Magadha bards by the names Satpada and Sārdhachandas. Here Hemacandra remarks that other strophic couplets formed with Mātrā, Ullāla, Dvipadī, Vastuka and Dohaka should be considered as included in Dvibhangi ; and that from among these Raddā alone will be picked up and separately defined in deference to the practice of the elders. It also deserves to be noted that the metre called Madanāyatāra is defined at the end of the Prākrit Khañjakas by Hemacandra, who also gives five other metres derived from it by the addition of one Pañcamātra in each Pāda, in succession. Svayambhū has defined this metre as an Apabhramsa metre and illustrated it accordingly. It seems that though this metre originally belonged to Prākrit prosody, yet one variety of it containing Pañcamātras of the Ragaņa type was gradually appropriated by the Apabhramsa poets and as we see from the Chandaḥkośa of Ratnasekhara (v. 10), a different name, namely, :Kāminimohana was given to it by them. At the end of this section on the Sirşa. kas in Adhyāya IV, Hemacandra gives two longer Catuspadīs calling them Sama and Vişama Sirşakas in accordance with older practice, even though they are single metres and not strophic one (as their name may suggest). It is again striking that among the Prākrit metres defined in this chapter there is only one Ardhasama Catuşpadi, namely, the Mukhagalitā (Sū. 32),
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