Veer Vihar Mimansa

Author(s): Vijayendrasuri
Publisher: Kashiram Saraf Shivpuri
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/003205/1

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vIra-vihAra mImAMsA 100 0000 9000DD 1090 For Private &Personal user .....vijayendra rahira ww.ainelibrary.org

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vIra-vihAra mImAMsA vidyAbhUSaNa vidyAvallabha hindIvinoda itihAsatattvamahodadhi jainAcArya vijayendrasari sI0 ema0 o0 AI0pI0 prApti-sthAna kAzInAtha sarAka; yazodharmamandira, 2 DI0 lAina, dillI klAtha milsa, dillii| vi0 saM0 2003 ] vIra samvat 2472 / dharma saM0 24 ___

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prakAzaka zrIvijayadharmasUri-samAdhimaMndira, zivapurI ( gvAliyara rAjya ) / prathamAvRtti mUlya 1000 ATha AnA mudraka - arjuna priMTiMga presa zraddhAnanda bAjAra dehalI /

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samarpaNA ninase bAlyAvasthA meM hI viziSTa guNoM ko prApta kiyA thA, jina ke AvaraNa meM ye guNa paripuSTa hue, usI upalakSa meM unhIM apane pitR. zrIgopAladAsajI abarola lathA mAtRzrI. - kRpAdevI jI, sanakhatarA (ji. syAla koTa, paMjAba) ko yaha laghu sA * grantha sAdara samarpita --vijayendrasUri

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lekhaka

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kiMcid-vaktavya aAja se lagabhaga 11 varSa pUrva hama ne eka pustikA 'vIravihAramImAMsA' gujarAtI meM prakAzita karAI thii| usa meM bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmI ke vihAra ke sambandha meM pracalita dhAraNAoM kA saMkSepa se vivecana kiyA thA aura yaha batAne kA prayAsa kiyA thA ki zrImahAvIrasvAmI kA vihAra pazcimIdezoM meM nahIM huA thA / itihAsapremI sajanoM ne isa kA samucita Adara kiyA, isa ke liye hama una sajanoM kA dhanyavAda karate haiM / parantu rUDhivAdI samAja kI rUDhi-priyatA ke kAraNa isa kA prabhAva to kucha nahIM huA, apitu kucha virodha avazya huaaa| isa para hameM kucha Azcarya nahIM huzrA kyoMki itihAsa to pragatizIla hai, vahAM to rUdi kA vicAra na hokara tathyoM para vicAra kiyA jAtA hai| isalie yadi usa pustikA kA itihAsapremiyoM meM aAdara huaA hai to yahI usa pustikA ke lie pramANapatra hai| kucha mitroM ne kaI eka kAraNoM se isa pustikA kI dvitIyAvRtti ke prakAzana ke lie manA kiyA, kucha eka mitroM ne rUr3hivAdiyoM kA pakSa le kara isa pustikA kI AlocanA kI, kaI eka ne dUsaroM kI saMcitapUjI para paira jamA kara hameM llkaaraa| parantu jisa kArya kI sAdhanA meM hama rata the usI meM nirantara lage rahe aura isa samaya apane kArya ko janatA ke samakSa upasthita kara rahe haiN| prastuta pustikA uparyukta pustikA kI dvitIyAvRtti nahIM hai, apitu yaha eka bAra punaH naye sire se likhI gaI hai| bahuta se aMza isa meM bar3hA diye gaye haiM / vizeSataH zrImahAvIrasvAmI ke chadmasthakAla ke vihAra ke sthAnoM kA nizcaya karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| yadi sambhava huyA to bhaviSya meM bhagavAna ke kevalajJAna ke bAda ke vihAra

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6 ) sthAnoM para vicAra kareMge / isa sambandha meM vijJapAThakoM se hama anurodha kareMge ki yadi isa sthAna - nizcaya meM unheM kahIM bhrAnti athavA vivAdAspada vastu pratIta ho to usa kI ora hamArA dhyAna avazya AkRSTa kareM anta meM apane sAMsArika bhatIje zrIpUrNacandra jI abarola injIniyara, paramabhakta zrIdhanapatasiMhajI bhaMsAlI, rASTrasevaka zrI gulAba candajI jaina aura zrI bAbU kAzInAtha jI sarAka kA dhanyavAda kiye binA nahIM raha sakate jinhone isa pustikA ke likhane meM kisI na kisI Hu prakAra se sahAyatA dI hai / isa pustaka ke prakAzana meM lAlA bAbUmala jaina ne apane pUjya lAlA hajArImala ke zreyo'rtha sahAyatA dI hai, aura sanakhatarA nivAsI lAlA dharmacandrajI ke suputra azokakumArajI ne dravya - sahAyatA dvArA bahuta adhika udAratA pradarzita kI hai, isaliye ye bhI dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM / sAtha hI zrI vidyAsAgara vidyAlaMkAra ko bhI nahIM bhUla sakatA jinhoMne isa pustikA ke likhane aura saMvArane meM yathAzakti sahAyatA pradAna kI hai / vaizAkha zuddhi pUrNimA, cintAmaNi pArzvanAtha mandira, cIrAkhAnA, dillI | 16 maI, 1646. dharma saMvat 24. 1 vijayendrasUri /

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RANA mathurA kI khudAI meM prApta guptakAlIna bhagavAn vadhamAna kI pratimA

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// aham // zrIgurudevavijayadharmasUribhyonamaH vIra-vihAra mImAMsA lagabhaga 2544 varSa pUrva zrImahAvIrasvAmI kA janma videha deza ke kSatriyakuNDa meM huA thA / yaha sthAna vaizAlI (jilA mujaphpharapura ) ke samIpa thA, Ajakala vaizAlI basADha nAma se prasiddha hai jo ki paTanA se uttara dizA meM 27 mIla para hai / isa sthAna ke sambandha meM hama ne vistRta vivecana apane 'vaizAlI' nAmaka grantha meM kiyA hai| isI kSatriyakuNDa ke bAhara jJAtakhaNDavana meM mArgazIrSa vadi 10 ke dina caturtha prahara meM 30 varSa kI Ayu meM bhagavAna ne saMsAra kA tyAga kiyA thA / anumAnataH sAr3he bAraha varSa se kucha hI dina adhika chadmasthAvasthA meM rahe, aura chadmasthAvasthA meM jina jina sthAnoM meM bhagavAna ne bhramaNa kiyA thA usa kA ullekha pariziSTa meM kiyA gayA hai / isa varNana ke AdhAra para yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhagavAna kA vihArakSetra kevala nimna dezoM taka hI sImita thA : videha, malladeza, zAkyadeza, kekayAddha, magadha, aMga, kuNAla (kozala), lADha (rADha), vatsa, kaliMga, kAzI, bhagga, zANDilya / / parantu dhIre dhIre samaya parivartana ke sAtha nayI nayI kalpanAyeM sAmane AtI gaI, una kalpanAoM ke cakkara meM par3akara sAmAnya janatA na kevala zAstroM dvArA varNita bhagavAna ke vihArakSetra ko bhUla gaI, 1. kevala jJAna hone se pUrva kI avasthA /

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( 2 ) zrapitu bhagavAna ke janma-sthAna ko bhI bhUla gaI / pariNAmataH mUla sthAnoM ko chor3a kara kAlpanika sthAnoM ko vAstavika samajhA jAne lagA / isa sambandha meM jo jo kalpanAeM khar3I kI gaI una kA hama yahAM vivecana kareMge tathA sapramANa yathAzakti samAdhAna kareMge, phira mUla sthAnoM ko batAne kA prayatna kareMge / jaina samAja meM yaha dhAraNA pracalita ho calI hai ki zrI mahAvIrasvAmI gujarAta - kAThiyAvAr3a aura mAravAr3a meM padhAre the / isa dhAraNA ke AdhAra para kucha eka tIrthasthAnoM ke sambandha meM yaha pracAra kiyA gayA ki bhagavAna ne ina sthAnoM meM bhI vihAra kiyA thA / kAThiyAvAr3a meM eka nagara vaDhavANa (zahara) hai jisa ke nikaTa bhogavA nadI bahatI hai, isa sthAna ko asthikagrAma mAna liyA gayA hai jahAM bhagavAna ne prathama varSAvAsa kiyA thaa| jainasAhitya meM isa asthikagrAma ke pAsa vegavatI nAma kI eka nadI ke bahane kA ullekha hai tathA isake sambandha meM kahA gayA hai : grAmo'yamabhavatpUrvaM vardhamAno'bhidhAnataH / nadyasti vegavatyatra paMkilobhayakUlabhUH // 81 // zrItriSaSTizala | kApuruSacaritra parva 10, patra 21 tasva ya antarAvi samaninnunnayagambhIrakhaDuvisamayavesA zrAnAbhimettasuhumavAlugApaDahatthavisAla puliyA mahallacikkhallApuviddhatucchasalilA vegavaI nAma naI / zrImahAvIracariyam (guNacandra viracita) patra 150 / yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki isa asthikagrAma kA purAnA nAma vardhamAna thA / isa vardhamAna ke pAsa jo nadI bahatI hai use uparyukta donoM uddharaNoM meM kIcar3amaya tathA UMce nIce gaDDhoM se pUrNa batAyA gayA hai / vegavatI nadI kA yaha varNana kAThiyAvAr3a kI bhogavA se mela nahIM khAtA / bhoMgavA nadI retIlI hai, kIcar3a zrAdi aisA nahIM hotA ki granthakAroM

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ko use lipibaddha karane kI AvazyakatA pratIta hotI / kAThiyAvAr3a meM bahane vAlI yaha bhogavA yA bhogavatI vastutaH varSAkAla meM calane vAlA eka nAlA hai, usa bhogavA kI sAhitya meM varNita vegavatI nadI se samAnatA nahIM hai| isalie nadI kI samAnatA se asthikagrAma ko kAThiyAvAr3a meM mAnane kA koI zrAdhAra hI nahIM bntaa| isa prathama varSAvAsa se pUrva bhagavAna ne jina sthAnoM meM vihAra kiyA hai una meM se eka bhI sthAna aisA nahIM hai jo kAThiyAvAr3a meM pAyA jAtA ho / kSatriyakuNDa, jJAtakhaMNDavana, kAragrAma, kollAgasanniveza, morAkasanniveza, ye sabhI sthAna sAhityakAroM ne pUrva meM batAye haiN| ina sthAnoM meM vihAra karane ke bAda bhagavAna ne asthikagrAma (vardhamAna) meM varSAvAsa kiyA / yadi bhagavAna triyakuNDa se calakara kAThiyAvAr3a ke vaDhavANa zahara kI ora gaye hote to mArga meM Ane vAle mukhya mukhya sthAnoM ke nAmoM kA kahIM to ullekha kiyA jAtA / kyoMki kSatriyakuNDa se vaDhavANa taka ke eka bhI gAMva kA koI ullekha nahIM prApta hotA isalie pratIta hotA hai ki kAThiyAvAr3a kI ora bhagavAna nahIM gaye the| . bauddha-sAhitya meM mahAtmA buddha kI rAjagRha se kuzInArA taka kI yAtrA meM jo sthAna pAye the unake nAma ginAye gaye haiN| una sthAnoM meM hathigAma bhI eka sthAna thA jo ki vajjI (videha) deza ke antargata thA aura vaizAlI se bhoganagara taka jAne vAlI sar3aka ke kinAre para thaa| somavaMzI bhavagupta prathama ke tAmrapatra meM jo hastipada.. nAmaka sthAna pAyA hai vaha bhI mambhavataH hathigrAma hai / isa para zrI 'dinezacandra sarakAra aura pI0 sI0 ratha 'iNDiyana hisTArikala kvArTaralo' ke bhAga 20 aMka 3 meM pRSTha 241 para likhate haiM : Hastipada is mentioned in a number of: records as the original home of some Brahmana families. Its identification is uncertain; but it

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(4) reminds one of the celebrated Hastigrama near Vaisali ( modern Besarb in the Muzaffarpur district,north Bihar ). ___yahI hathigAma sambhavataH asthikamAma hai / bauddha granthoM meM varNita hathigAma aura jainasAhitya meM varNita asthikagrAma meM thor3A sA uccAraNa-meda hai parantu donoM sAhityoM meM ise videhadeza ke antargata tathA vaizAlo ke nikaTa honA batAyA hai| isaliye 'vihAradarzana ke lekhaka ne bhI apane grantha meM pRSTha 228 para vaDhavANa ke Age likhA hai, "nadI kAThe kRtrimatIrtha"-arthAt nadI ke kinAre kRtrima tIrthasthAna / vastutaH sthiti bhI aisI hI hai / prathama varSAvAsa ke bAda dUsare varSAvAsa se pUrva bhagavAna ne jina sthAnoM meM vihAra kiyA unameM kanakakhala Azramapada bhI eka haiN| ise AbUparvata para sthita kanakhala batAyA jAtA hai| yadi upayukta dhAraNA svIkAra kara lI jAya ki vartamAna vaDhavANa hI asthikAma hai to bhagavAna usa sthAna se mAravAr3a meM zrAbUparvata sthita kanakhala Azrama meM Aye hoNge| vihArakrama meM batAyA gayA hai ki bhagavAna asthikagrAma se morAkasanniveza gaye phira krama se dakSiNavAcAlA, suvarNabAlukA (nadI) aura rupyabAlukA (nadI) ho kara kanakakhala Azrama phuNce| vaDhavANa se Abaparvata kI ora calane para ina nAmoM vAle na to koI sthAna hI milate haiM aura nahIM koI aisI nadI rAste meM par3atI hai jina kI ora nirdeza karanA granthakAra ko Avazyaka pratIta hotA ho| isa Azrama se cala kara bhagavAna uttaravAcAlA pahuMce, vahAM se seyaM viyA cale gye| bAbUparvata sthita kanakhala zrAzrama se seyaMviyA athavA zvetambikA lagabhaga 700 mIla hai / parantu zrAvazyakacUrNi pUrvabhAga pRSTha 278 para kahA gayA hai| 'tassa ya adUre seyaMviyA nAma nagarI'

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(5) arthAt kanakakhala aAzrama se seyaM viyA nikaTa hai, dUra nahIM / isa se yaha nizcaya ho jAtA hai, bhagavAna ke vihArakrama meM jo kanakavala Azrama sthAna AyA hai vaha zvetambikA ke nikaTa honA cAhiye / jaba ki nirdiSTa mAnyatA se vaha atyanta dUra hai| bhagavAna kA dUsarA varSAvAsa nAlandA meM huA thA / zrAbUparvata se bhagavAna ke vihAra kA jo mArga banegA, sAmAnyataH usa rAste meM gaMgA nadI ke uttara vAle pradeza parigaNita na ho skeNge| parantu vihAra kA jo ullekha prApta hai usake anusAra bhagavAna ne gaMgA ke uttara vAle pradeza malla meM bhI vihAra kiyA thaa| yadi yaha mAna liyA jAya ki bhagavAna ne zrAbUparvata se malladeza kI ora vihAra kiyA thA, vahAM se nAlandA kI ora, to gaMgAnadI ke pAra karane kA kaI bAra ullekha honA cAhiye thaa| para vihArakrama meM gaMgA pAra karane kA eka bAra hI ullekha kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI zrAba se malladeza ko bhagavAna ke jAne kI kyA AvazyakatA thI jaba ki ve sIdhe vahAM se rAjagRha jA sakate the| kanakakhala zrAzramapada se cala kara bhagavAna uttaravAcAlA gaye, phira krama se seyaviyA (zvetambikA), surabhipura, gaMgAnadI, thUNAkasanniveza, rAjagRha aura nAlandA gye| thUNAkasanniveza malladeza meM thA aura gaMgA ke uttara meN| thUNa ke sambandha meM nimna uddharaNoM se prakAza par3atA hai| (i) The Udana (VII, 9) places Sthuna in the country of the Mallas to the north-west of Patna on the right bank of the Gandaki. - Journal of The U. P. His. Socicty. vol. Xv, Pt. II, Page 30:

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(ii) Thuna............It was in the Kosala country and belonged to the Mallas, and was once visited by the Buddha. ___Dictionary of Pali Proper Names. vol. I. Page 1042. inakA saMkSipta prAzaya yaha hai ki thUNa malladeza meM hai, paTanA ke uttara-pazcima meM gaeDakI nadI ke dAyeM kinAre para hai| yaha thUNAra (kurukSetra) se bhinna sthAna hai| isa varNana se yaha nizcaya ho jAtA hai ki bhagavAna ne dUsare varSAvAsa se pUrva jina sthAnoM meM vihAra kiyA thA, unameM se eka bhI sthAna gujarAta, kAThiyAvAr3a athavA mAravAr3a kI ora nahIM hai apitu ve saba sthAna pUrva meM hI haiN| . nAlandA meM varSAvAsa karane ke bAda tIsarA varSAvAsa zrI vIraprabhu ne campo nagarI meM kiyA thA / ina donoM varSAvAsoM ke bIca kollAga sanniveza, suvarNakhala aura brAhmaNagAMva ye tIna sthAna bhagavAna ke vihAra meM ullikhita haiM / suvarNakhala ko sirohI ke nikaTa batAyA jAtA hai, para vaha kauna sA gAMva hai isakA ullekha nahIM kiyA gayA / sirohI se 10 mIla dUra sthita brAhmaNavAr3A ko brAhmaNagAMva mAna liyA gayA hai| isa prakAra bhagavAna ke vihAra sthAnoM ko to bAbUparvata ke pAsa mAna liyA gayA hai, parantu jitane varSAvAsa ke sthAna haiM, ve saba pUrva kI ora madhyamadeza athavA prAcIna AryAvarta meM haiM, une meM dUrI bhI bahuta ho AtI hai| mAna-citra ko dekhane se pratIta hotA hai ki nAlandA aura campA kI dUrI laga. bhaga 100 mIla hai aura yadi janazruti ke AdhAra para nirdhArita sthAnoM ko bhagavAna ke vihAra meM mAna liyA jAya to nAlandA se sirohI 800 mIla se bhI adhika hai| isa prakAra nAlandA se sirohI aura

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sirohI se cammA lauTane meM lagabhaga 1700 se 1800 mIla kA mArga taya karanA par3atA hai / vihAra kI dRSTi se yaha antara bahuta bar3A antara ho. jAtA hai| binA kAraNa yaha mAnane kA kucha artha nahIM hai ki sirohI ke nikaTa kA brAhmaNavADA hI brAhmaNagAMva hai jaba ki sAmAnya buddhi se yaha adhika saMgata pratIta hotA hai ki nAlandA se campA 100 mIla hai aura isI bIca meM hI ye tInoM sthAna hoNge| bhagavAna ne cauthA cAturmAsa pRSThacampA (campA ke nikaTa sthAna ) meM kiyA aura pAMcavAM bhaddiyA meM / yaha kahA jAtA hai ki isI bIca meM zrI vIraprabhu siddhAcalagiri ko ora bhI tIrthayAtrA ke liye gaye the| parantu yaha eka zrAzcarya kA viSaya hai ki cauthe aura pAMcaveM cAturmAsa ke bIca jina sthAnoM meM bhagavAna ne vihAra kiyA thA, una meM siddhAcalagiri kA nAma nahIM hai / isaliye yaha to asandigdha hai ki isa bIca meM bhagavAna siddhAcalagiri kI ora nahIM gaye / parantu isake pakSa meM jo pramANa upasthita kiye jAte haiM una para bhI eka bAra vicAra kara lenA upayukta hogA / yaha kahA jAtA hai ki bhagavAna siddhAcalagiri ko ora tIrthayAtrA ke liye gaye the, isa kI puSTi zrI vIravijaya jI ke isa pada se hotI hai| _ 'nema vinA vIsa prabhu zrAvyA vimala girIda' ___ yaha pada zanujayamAhAtmya ke AdhAra para racA gayA hai, yaha grantha zrIdhanezvarasUri dvArA likhA gayA thA / isa grantha kA racanAkAla vikrama saMvata kI terahavIM zatAbdi hai athavA mantrI vastupAla ke samaya ke bAda kA hai| uttarakAla ke eka anya ke AdhAra para zrIvIraprabhu kA siddhAcalagiri kI ora jAnA siddha kiyA jAtA hai| jaba ki isa grantha se bhI prAcInakAla ke granthoM meM bhagavAna kA no vihArakrama diyA gayA hai unameM isa kA kahIM koI ullekha nahIM hai| .

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(8) isI ora zrI vIraprabhu ke vihAra ke sambandha meM eka pramANa yaha upasthita kiyA jAtA hai ki nANA, diyANA, nAMdiyA aura brAhmaNavAr3A meM zrImahAvIrasvAmI - jIvitasvAmI ke mandira haiM yaha tabhI ho sakatA hai jaba ki zrI mahAvIrasvAmI apane jIvanakAla meM vahAM padhAre hoN| parantu jIvitasvAmI nAma se bhrama meM par3ane kI AvazyakatA nhiiN| kyoMki isa zabda kA prayoga zrAja taka aneka bAra aneka prakAra se huA hai| yaha bhI siddha nahIM hotA ki jIvitasvAmI kA mandira zrI vIraprabhu kI vidyamAnatA meM banavAyA gayA, yaha nimnauddharaNoM se spaSTa ho aygaa| 1. sudhAkuNDajIvitasvAmi zrIzAntinAthaH 2. jIvantasvAmI zrIRSabhadevapratimA 3. zrIjIvitasvAmI tribhuvanatilaka : zrIcandraprabhaH vividhatIrthakalpa pRSTha 85 (zrIjinavijayajI saMpAdita) ___ yadi ina uddharaNoM meM 'jIvitasvAmI' athavA 'jIvantasvAmI kA mandira' kA artha 'prabhu kI vidyamAnatA meM banavAyA gayA mandira' athavA 'prabhukI vidyamAnatA meM unakI pratiSThita mUrti' grahaNa kiyA jAya to upayukta tIna tIrthakaroM ke sambandha meM isa artha ko kaise ghaTAyeMge ? uparyukta tIrthakara Aja se lAkhoM varSa pUrva hue the, taba una kI muu| ke nirmANa ke samaya unakA upasthita honA kaise sambhava ho sakatA hai| isa sambandha meM nIce ke dRSTAnta bhI mahattva ke hai:1. saMvata 1522 meM pratiSThita kI gaI mUrti ke Upara likhA hai: jIvitasvAmicandraprabhabiMba......" 2. saMvata 1503 meM pratiSThita mUrti ke Upara bIvitasvAmizrInaminAthavivaM pRSTha 163 3. saMvata 1516 meM pratiSThita mUrti ke Upara . jIvitasvAmizrIzAntinAthabiMba pRSTha 193 pRSTha 7

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-bainadhAtupratimAlekhasaMgraha bhA0 prathama ( sva. buddhi sAgarasUri jI dvArA saMgRhIta) 4. saMvata 1551 meM pratiSThita mUrti para . . zrIajitanAthajIvitasvAmivi pRSTha 112 5. saMvata 1510 meM pratiSThita mUrti para ... jIvitasvAmizrIzItalanAthAdijinacatuviMzatipaTTaH pRSTha 116 6. saMvat 1481 meM pratiSThita mUrti para zrIjIvitasvAmizrIpArzvanAthabiMba pRSTha 152 7. saMvata 1531 meM pratiSThita mUrti para zrIjIvivasvAmizrIvimalanAthabiMba pRSTha 153 8. saMvat 1536 meM pratiSThita mUrti para jIvitasvAmizrIsumatinAthabiMba pRSTha 166 6. saMvat 1508 meM pratiSThita mUtti para zrIvimalanAthajIvitasvAmibiMba / / pRSTha 172 10. saMvat 1510 meM pratiSThita mUrti para jIvitasvAmizrIzAMtinAthaviMbaM pRSTha 173 -jainadhAtupratimAlekhasaMgraha bhoga dUsarA ( sva. buddhi. .. sAgarasUri jI dvArA saMgRhIta) 21. saMvata 1519 meM pratiSThita mUrti para jIvitasvAmizrIaSitanAthapramukhapaMcatIrthIviMbaM pRSTha 66 12. saMvat 1520 meM patiSThita mUrti para zrIjIvitasvAmipaMca0zrInaminAthabiMba pRSTha 102 prAcInalekhasaMgaha bhAga prathama (sva. gurudevaM vijayadharmasUrijI dvArA sampAdita) 13. saMvata 1426 meM pratiSThita mUrti para bhIjIva (vi) tasvAmibhImahAvIracaitye

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-~-pAcInajainalekhasaMgraha bhAga dUsarA (zrIjinavijaya jI dvArA sampAdita) uparyukta mUrtiyoM ke lekhoM ke varSoM ko dekhate hue yaha atyanta spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki una mUrtiyoM kI sthApanA prabhu kI vidyamAnatA meM nahIM huI thI / vastutaH jIvitasvAmI kA abhipAya hai aisI pratimA jo jIvita pratIta hotI ho athavA jItI jAgatI pratimA se hai / isalie nANA, doyANA, nAMdiyA aura brAhmaNavAr3A meM jo bhI jIvitasvAmI kI pratimAeM hai, vahAM bhI vastutaH abhiprAya jItI jAgatI pratimAoM se hai| nANA, dIyANA, nAMdiyA aura brAhmaNavAr3A ke atirikta mahuvA (bhAvanagara rAjya ) meM bhagavAna kI eka pratimA hai jise jIvitasvAmI kI pratimA kahA gayA hai, isakI stuti karate hue zrI vijayapadmasUri jI ne likhA hai: NivaNaMdivaddhaNeNaM aDaNavahasamAueNa ji?NaM / lahubaMdhavaguNaNehA-sagakaradehappamANeNaM // 3 // jIvaMte ya bhayaMte-kAraviyA jeNa durinn-pddimaashro| sohaha egA esA-aNNA marudesamajhami // 4 // -zrI jainasatyaprakAza (zrI mahAvIra-nirvANa-vizeSAMka ) kramAMka 16-17, pRSTha 347 arthAt bhagavAna ke bar3e bhAI rAjA nandivardhana ne bhagavAna ke jIte jI una ke zarIra ke parimANAnusAra do pratimAeM bnvaaii| eka to yahAM (mahuzrA meM) hai dUsarI marudeza (mAravAr3a) meM hai / isa se Age ke zloka meM isa hetu ina pratimAnoM ko jIvitasvAmI kI pratimA kahA hai| . Upara hamane batAyA hai ki eka mAnyatAnusAra to jIvitasvAmI kI pratimAeM cAra sthAnoM meM hai| parantu prAcAryazrI kevala do pratimAoM kA usa kAla meM honA mAnate hai / vastutaH ; ye donoM hI mAnyatAyeM

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(11) kalpanAzrita haiN| yaha Azcarya hai ki bhagavAna ne jahAM itanA vihAra kiyA vahIM kyoM nahIM rAjA nandivardhana ne pratimAyeM banavAI, isa dUra deza meM kyoM bnvaaii| muNDasthala meM mahAvIrasvAmI ke padhArane kA eka kAraNa to jIvitasvAmI kI pratimA kA honA batAyA jAtA hai, jisakA prativAda hama kara cuke haiN| dUsarA kAraNa usa kA mahAtIrtha honA batAyA jAtA hai| vividhatIrthakalpa meM 84 mahAtIrtha ginAye gaye haiN| unameM se kucha mahAtIrtha nimna hai| - moDhere vAyaDe kheDe nANake pallyAM matuNDake muNDasthale zrImAlapattane upakezapure kuNDagrAme satyapure TaGkAyAM gaGgAhrade sarasthAne vItabhaye campAyAM apApAyAM puDapate nandivardhana koTibhUmau vIraH / vividhatIrthakalpa (siMghI granthamAlA ) pRSTha 86. inameM muNDasthala bhI hai upakezapura bhI hai / yadi yahI mAna liyA jAya ki mahAtIrtha vahI hai jahAM vIraprabhu padhAre the to upakezapura to bAda meM basA hai para vaha bhI mahAtIrthoM meM ginA gayA hai| isa se yaha spaSTa hai ki mahAtIrtha mAnane ke anya kAraNa to ho sakate haiM para vIraprabhu ke padhArane kA kAraNa nahIM / muNDasthala (Adhunika nAma mUgathalA, AbUroDa se pazcima meM lagabhaga cAra mIla dUra) ke jina mandira ke gabhAre ke Upara uttarAMga meM eka lekha khudA hai, vaha isa prakAra hai (1) pUrva chadmasthakAle'dabhuvi yabhinaH kurvataH sadvihAra (2) saptatriMze ca varSe vahati bhagavato janmataH kAritArhacca (3) zrIdevAryasya yasyollasadupalamayI puNyarAjena rAjJA zrIke (4) zI supratiSThaH sa jayati hi jinastIrthamuNDasthalasthaH / / saM. 1426

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( 12 ) (5) saMvata vIra janma 37 (6) zrIvIra janma 37 zrIdevA jA 2 putradhUkAritA isa kA artha isa prakAra kiyA jAtA hai 'zrI mahAvIrasvAmI chadmastha avasthA meM arbudabhUmi meM vicare the, usa samaya arthAt bhagavAna ke janma se 37 veM varSa meM 'devA' nAma ke zrAvaka ne yahIM ( zrI muNDasthala - mahAtIrtha meM ) maMdira banavAyA, puNyapAla rAjA ne mUrti kI pratiSThA karAI aura zrIzI gaNadhara ne pratiSThA kI / 1426 ke do anya isI sthAna ke zilAlekhoM se pratIta hotA hai ki zrImAna kakkasUtri ke ziSya zrImAn sAvadevasUri jI ne vi0 saM0 1426 meM isa mandira kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA tathA anya aneka pratimAoM, dhvajadaMDa, kalaza zrAdi kI pratiSThA kI / ' usI -samaya yaha uparyukta lekha bhI likhA gayA thA, aisA zilAlekha kI 1. muNDasthala meM 1426 ke do zilAlekha haiN| Upara nirdiSTa zilAlekha isa prakAra hai paMkti 1 - saM0 1426 varSe vaizAkhasu ,, 2- di 2 svau zrI koraMTagacche ," 3 - zrInannAcArya saMtAne muMDa "" 4 - sthalamA me zrImahAvIra pUA" 5-sAde zrIkakkasUripaTTa zrI 1, 6= sAvadevasUribhiH jIrNI,, 7 - dvAraH kAritaH prAsAde kalaza -" 8-daMDayo: pUtiSThA tatra devakuli1, 6-kAyAzcaturviMzatitIrthaMka ,, 10 - rANAM pUtiSThA kRtA deveSu va ,, 11-namadhyastheSvanyeSvapi biMbeSu ca " 12 - zubhamastu zrI zramaNa saMghasya || - prAcIna jainalekhasaMgraha ( bhAga 2 ), sampAdaka - jinavijaya jI, pRSTha 158 //

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( 13 ) cauthI paMkti kI samApti para likhe gaye saM0 1426 se pragaTa hai / isI zilAlekha ke AdhAra para kahA jAtA hai ki zrIvIraprabhu zrAbUparvata para padhAre the / muNDasthala ke isa mandira kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA gayA, yaha to eka sarvasammata bAta hai, isa kA samarthana zrI jinavijaya jI dvArA sampAdita prAcIna jaina lekhasaMgraha bhAga 2 pRSTha 158-56 meM kiyA gayA hai / jaisA ki zilAlekha meM samaya kA nirdhAraNa kara diyA gayA hai, tathA anya logoM ne bhI mAnA hai yaha lekha 1426 samvat kA hai / isI kAraNa lekha prAcIna lipi meM na hokara devanAgarI lipi meM hai / isalie Aja se 2500 varSa pUrva ghaTI ghaTanA ke lie yaha zilAlekha prAmANika nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / dUsare zabdoM meM yaha spaSTa kahA jA sakatA ki isa zilAlekha kI khudAI taba nahIM huI thI jaba ki zrIvIraprabhu jIvita the, athavA zrIvIraprabhu kI vidyamAnatA meM yaha mandira banA ho aisA siddha nahIM hotA / lekha kI prAcInatA ko sUcita karane ke lie sabala pramANa prApta hue binA mandira kI prAcInatA ko svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / isI mandira ke raMgamaNDapa meM 6 caukI ke pazcimabhAga ke dAMye pArzva meM saMvat 1216 kA eka zilAlekha khudA hai, yaha lekha 6 stambhoM para eka hI prakAra se likhA gayA hai, usase pratIta hotA hai ki yaha mandira pahale pahala saM0 1216 meM vaizAkhavadi 5 somavAra ko banavAyA gayA thA / lekha isa prakAra hai'saMvat 1216 vezAkhavadi 5 some staMbhalatA kA pitA bhaktivazAditi / ' jAsAbahude vinimitta vIsalena yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhiye ki koI lekha prAmANika haiM yA nahIM / koI bAta likhita hone se hI prAmANika nahIM samajhI jA sakatI / isa sambandha meM hameM kucha eka dRSTAntoM ko dhyAna meM rakhanA hogA / sva0 gurudeva zrIvijayadharmasUri jI dvArA saMpAdita aitihAsika rAsasaMgraha bhAgaH

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(14) dUsare pRSTha 57 meM saMvat 1567 kA eka zilAlekha diyA gayA hai / usa meM likhA hai ki eka mandira vallabhIpura se nADalAI meM ukhAr3a kara lAyA gayA / isa tathya ko kevala lipibaddha hone se to svIkAra nahIM 'kiyA jA sktaa| ___ bahudhA bAda meM Ane vAle loga athavA stavanakAra bhI apane bhAvAveza ke kAraNa tathyoM ko anupayukta DhaMga se upasthita kara jAte haiM / AbUparvata para delavAr3e meM mahAmAtya tejapAla dvArA khudAye hue "prazastilekha haiM / unameM se eka para likhA hai| zrItejaHpAla dvitIyabhAryA mahaM zrI suhaDAdevyAH zreyo'rtha etat 'trigadevakulikAkhattakaM zrIajitanAthaciMbaM ca kAritaM / zrI arbudaprAcInajainalekhasaMdoha (sampAdaka-zrIjayantavijaya nI) pRSTha 113 mandira meM gUDhamaMDapa ke mukhya dvAra ke donoM ora sundara khudAI ke kAma vAle tAka (gokhale) haiN| inheM mahAmAtya tejaHpAla ne apanI dvitIyapatnI suhaDAdevI ke kalyANa ke liye banavAyA thaa| ina donoM tAko ko bhrAMtivazAta derANI-jeThANI ke nAma se pukArate haiM aura yaha kahA jAtA hai ki eka tAka vastupAla kI patnI kA hai dUsarA tejapAla kI patnI kaa| isI prakAra zrIvIravijaya jI ne bhI apane stavana meM likhA haiH derANI jeThANI nA gokhalA ||du0|| lAkha aDhAra pramANa // bh0|| vastupAla tejapAlanI ||du0|| e doha kAMtA jANa // bh0|| zrItapAgacchIyapaMcapratikramaNasUtra arthasahita pRSTha 536 - yahI durdazA upayukta zilAlekha kI ho rahI hai| sthiti yaha hai ki vaha lekha to 15 voM zatAbdi kA haiM parantu bAda meM zrAne vAle

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( 15 ) 1 loga usakA sambandha jor3a rahe haiM zrAja se 2500 varSa pUrva kI ghaTanA se / isa zilAlekha ko prAcIna siddha na kara sakane ke kAraNa aba yaha bhI kahA jAne lagA hai ki 15 vIM zatAbdi meM jaba mandira kA jIrNoddhAra karAyA gayA thA taba prAcIna lekha kI nakala karake punaH ise khudavAyA gayA thA | parantu yaha kevala kalpanA hai, ise puSTa karane ke liye koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM haiN| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki kyA prAcIna lekha ko par3ha liyA gayA thA ? yadi prAcIna lekha ko par3ha liyA gayA thA taba to usakI mUlalipi meM kyoM nahIM nakala kI gaI, sAtha ho yadi nakala kI gaI thI to isa bAda ke zilAlekha meM usakA varNana kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA ? isa zilAlekha ko par3hane se yaha bilkula jJAta nahIM hotA ki yaha lekha kahIM se nakala kiyA gayA hai| yadi unake pAsa mUla prAcIna zilAlekha hotA to ve avazya use kahIM surakSita avasthA meM lagavA dete, yoM hI naSTa na hone dete| usa prAcIna zilAlekha se mandira kA gaurava baDhatA / vastutaH aisA to koI zilAlekha thA hI nahIM, usakI sRSTi kevala kalpanA ke AdhAra para kI gaI hai| bahudhA loga svArthavazAt naI mUrttiyAM taiyAra karavA ke usameM prAcIna lekha likha kara una mUrtiyoM ko beca dete haiM jisa se yaha bhrama saralatA se phaila sake ki ye prAcIna mUrttiyAM haiN| para aisI mUrtiyoM yA lekhoM ke AdhAra para kisI aitihAsika nirNaya para nahIM pahu~cA jA sakatA jaba taka ki anya puSTa pramANa upalabdha na hoM / evaM isI prakAra kI kalpanAoM meM yaha bhI eka hai ki nAMdiyA ke mandira meM zilAlekha sahita mUttiyAM mauryakAla kI haiN| sthala ke mandira ke sambandhameM lagabhaga saMvata 1300 meM cala gacchIya zrImahendrasiMha sUri dvArA praNIta 'aSTottarI tIrthamAlA' kA pramANa diyA jAtA hai aura isake AdhAra para zrI vIraprabhu kA muNDasthala meM padhAranA mAnA jAtA hai / parantu sUri jI ne isa sambandha meM

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(16) koI sabala pramANa nahIM diyaa| unase lagabhaga 1800 varSa pUrva muNDasthala meM vIraprabhu kA Agamana huA thA yaha kaise mAnA jA sakatA hai ? vastutaH aisA pratIta hotA hai ki sUri jI kA mantavya kiMvadantiyoM ke Upara Azrita haiN| sUrijI ne aSTottarI tIrthamAlA meM likhA hai ki puNyarAja nAma ke mahAtmA ne mandira banavAyA thA ( dekho pRSTha 273) / ' parantu mandira ke saMvat 1426 ke uparyukta saMskRta zilAlekha meM 'mahAtmA' ke sthAna para 'rAjA' zabda kA prayoga huzrA hai| isa zilAlekha meM yaha bhI likhA hai ki kezIgaNadhara ne mandira kI pratiSThA kI thii| isa lekha ke varNana se yaha pragaTa hotA hai ki jo sthApanA tIrthamAlA meM kI gaI hai, janatA ko prAkRSTa karane ke liye use tor3A mor3A gayA hai, tathA 'mahAtmA ne mandira banavAyA' isake sthAna para 'rAjA puNyarAja ne pratiSThA karavAI tathA kezI gaNadhara ne pratiSThA kI'-aisA likha diyA gayA hai| isase yahI pramANita hotA hai ki yaha mandira arvAcIna hai| zrIvIraprabhu cauthe aura pAMcaveM cAturmAsa ke bIca lADha deza meM gaye the / kucha loga ise gujarAta meM mAnate haiM aura isake AdhAra para bhagavAna kA gujarAta meM padhAranA siddha karate haiM / parantu lAda ko 1. mUlapATha isa prakAra hai:abbuagirivaramUle muddthlenNdirukkhbhbhaage| chaumatthakAle vIro acalasarIro Thio paDimaM // to punnarAyanAmA koI mahappA jiNarasa bhattIe / kAraha paDimaM varise sagatIse viirjmmaashro| kiMcUNA aThArasa vAsasayAe ya pavaratitthassa / to micchaSaNasamIraM dhuNemi muDatyale vIraM / -paMcapratikramaNasUtra (acalagacchIya prakAzaka - zrAvaka zA0 bhImasiMha mANika) pRSTha 66 /

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( 17 ) gujarAta meM mAnanA anupayukta hai| 25 // AryadezoM meM lADha bhI eka hai, zrI vIraprabhu kI chadmasthAvasthA ke samaya anArya ginA jAtA thaa| isako rAjadhAnI koTivarSa thii| aAjakala baMgAla prAnta meM dinAjapura jile ke antargata bAnagaDha hI prAcIna koTivarSa hai| isa liye lADha deza ko gujarAta meM mAnanA tathyoM ke viparIta hai / lADha ke atirikta eka deza lATa hai jo ki gujarAta pradeza meM hai| lATa kA prAkRtarUpa lADa hai, sambhavataH lADa aura lAda ko eka samajha kara uparyukta galatI kI gaI hai / isa lADa yA lATa kI rAjadhAnI IlApura thI, kucha samaya taka bhRgukaccha yA bharuca bhI rAjadhAnI rahI thii| lAda aura lATa para vistRta vivecana hamArI 'prAcInabhAratavarSasamIkSA' meM kiyA gayA hai / isa pradeza meM bhagavAna ke zrAne kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| Upara dI gaI mAnyatAoM ke anusAra bhagavAna kA yadi pRSThacampA ( yahAM bhagavAna ne cauthA cAturmAsa kiyA thA) se sIdhA sirohI kI ora jAnA mAna leM aura sirohI se pAlItAnA (siddhAcala) kI ora jAnA mAna leM to bhagavAna ko Ane jAne meM 2500 mIla se kama nahIM calanA par3A hogA / zAstroMmeM vihAra ke sthAna isa prakAra nirdiSTa haiM:-pRSThacampA (cauthA cAturmAsa ), kayaMgalA, zrAvastI, iliGga, naMgalA, AvattA, corAyasanniveza, kalaMbukAsanniveza, rADhabhUmi (lADha) pUrNakalaza aura bhaddiyA / ina sthAna meM se to koI sthAna gujarAta, mAravAr3a kI ora nahIM hai, saba sthAna pUrva kI ora hai| yadi ina sthAnoM ke vihAra ko bho upayukta vihAra meM aura jor3a deM to 2500 mola kI apekSA yaha 3500 mIla se bhI adhika ho jAyegA / itanA lambA vihAra samajha meM nahIM AtA / sambhava hai yaha kahA jAya ki bhagavAna ne eka rAta meM 12 yojana kA vihAra kiyA thA / parantu yaha

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nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki prathama to aisA vihAra kadAcit aura apavAda svarUpa hI hotA hai, pratidina nhiiN| dUsarA rAta se abhipAya kevalamAtra eka rAtri se nahIM hai apitu kauTilIya arthazAstra ke anusAra eka rAtri meM dina aura rAta donoM kA grahaNa hotA hai| . isa prakAra bhagavAna kA cauthe pAMcaveM cAturmAsa meM gujarAta kI ora jAnA buddhigamya nahIM pratIta hotA / isake bAda bhI 12 veM cAturmAsa ke bAda bhagavAna kA zrAbU kI ora jAnA mAnA jAtA hai| yaha kahA jAtA hai ki bhagavAna kA chammANi ( SaNmAno) jAne kA ullekha hai, yahI bhagavAna ko kIlopasarga huA thA / SaNmAnI kA apabhraMza 'sAnI' mAnA jAtA hai jo ki pahale zrAbUparvata para thA, parantu kisI kAraNavaza sAnI se caraNapAdukAeM brAhmaNavADA ke pAsa ne pAyI gayIH sAnI se brAhmaNavAr3A pahAr3a ke rAste lagabhaga 20 mIla dUra hai / para vihArakrama ko dekhane se jJAta ho jAyegA ki bhagavAna kA 12 veM caumAse ke bAda bhI bAbU kI bhora jAnA sambhava nahIM hai| kyoMki vihAra ke jitane bhI sthAna haiM ve saba pUrva meM haiM, chammANi ke pUrvApara sthAna bhI pUrva meM haiM / chammANi svayaM bhI pUrva meM hai ise dIrghanikAya meM 'khAnumata' nAma se smaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura magadha meM batAyA mayA hai / sAtha hI pahale kI bhAMti vihAra itanA lambA ho jAtA hai ki itanA dUra jAnA zakya nahIM pratIta hotaa| kula milA kara bhagavAna kA pazcimI pradeza kI ora pAMca bAra jAnA mAnA gayA hai:-(1) prathama caumAse meM (2) dUsare caumAse se pUrva (3) tIsare caumAse se pUrva (4) cauthe caumAse ke bAda aura pAMcaveM se pUrva (5) bArahaveM caumAse ke bAda / isa saba kA hamane Upara nirAkaraNa kara diyA hai ki gujarAta, mAravAr3a, kAThiyAvAr3a meM bhagavAna kA jAnA buddhirAmya tathA zAstrAnukUla nahIM hai| svayaM bhagavAna ne kevalajJAna ke bAda sAdhu ke vihAra ke lie jo sImA nirdhAraNa kiyA hai usa se

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( 11 ) pratIta hotA hai ki ve kevalajJAna ke bAda bhI usa pradeza meM nahIM gaye / chadmasthAvasthA meM to gaye hI nhiiN| somA nirdhAraNa isa prakAra hai: kalpate nirgranthAnAM vA nirgranthInAM vA pUrvasyAM dizi yAvadana magadhAn 'etu' viharttum / zraGgA nAma - campApratibaddho janapadaH / magadhA - rAjagRha pratibaddho deza: / dakSiNasyAM dizi yAvat kauzAmbImetum / pratIcyAM dizi sthUNAviSayaM yAvadetum / uttarasyAM dizi kuNAlAviSayaM yAvadetum / sUtre pUrvadakSiNAdipadebhyastRtIyA nirdezo liGgavyatyayazca prAkRtatvAt / etAvat tAvat kSetramavadhIkRtya vihatu kalpate / kutaH ? ityAha etAvat tAvad yasmAdArya kSetram | no ' se ' tasya nirgranthasya nirmathyA vA kalpate 'zrataH' evaMvidhAd zrAryakSetrAd ham / ' tataH paraM ' bahirdezeSu zrapi sampratinRpatikAlAdArabhya yatra jJAnadarzanacAritrANi 'utsarpanti' sphAtimAsAdayanti tatra viharttavyam / 'iti' parisamAptau / bravImi iti tIrthaM karagaNadharopadezena, na tu svamanISikayeti sUtrArthaH / bRhatkalpasUtra vRttisahita, vibhAga 3. pRSTha 607 isa ke anusAra sAdhu yA sAdhvI ko pUrvadeza meM zraGgamagadha taka vihAra karanA cAhie, dakSiNa meM kauzAmbI taka, pazcima meM sthUNA ( kurukSetra ) taka, uttara meM kuNAladeza taka / 5 bhagavAna ne yaha vidhAna isaliye kiyA pratIta hotA hai kyoMki vihAra unheM chadmasthAvasthA meM anAryadeza meM karate hue bahuta upasarga hue the / bhagavAna kA anukaraNa karate hue zranyale ga vahAM jAyeMge tathA una por3AtroM ko saha na sakeMge, isaliye una pradezo meM sAdhu ke jAne kA niSedha kiyA hai / kevalajJAna ke bAda bhagavAna kA vItabhayapaTTana kI ora jAne kA ullekha hai| vahAM unake sAtha ke sAdhutroM - ko atyanta kaSTa huA thA, isaliye pratIta hotA hai ki uparyukta vyavasthA

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( 20 ) isake bAda hI kI gaI hai| sAmAnyarUpa se isakA bahuta kAla taka pAlana bhI kiyA jAtA rahA / parantu samprati ke kAla meM ina sImAoM se bAhara bhI sAdhu ne vihAra karanA prArambha kara diyA thA / bRhatkalpasUtra kI uparyukta TIkA meM bhI isa ora nirdeza kiyA gayA haiM / bhagavAna ke vihArasthAna Upara hamane bhagavAna ke chadmasthakAla ke vihAra ke sambandha meM kiye jAne vAle anumAnoM aura kalpanAoM kA vivecana kiyA hai / zAstroM meM bhagavAna kA vihArakrama jisa prakAra se ullikhita hai vaha nimnaprakAra se haiN| isa meM jahAM taka sambhava ho sakA hai, vihAra ke sthAnoM kA bhI nirNaya karane kI ceSTA kI gaI hai 1 varSAvAsa vihAra sthAna kSatriyakuNDapura jJAtakhaNDavana karmAragrAma kollAgasanniveza morA sanniveza 1. asthikagrAma (vardhamAna gAMva ) pAsa meM vegavatI nadI morA sanniveza 1. sthAnanirNaya ke lie mukhyarUpa se ina granthoM kI sahAyatA lI gaI hai - ( 1 ) DikzanarI grApha pAlI prApara nemsa, do bhAga, zrI je0 pI0 malala zekharakRta ( 2 ) bhUgola - bhuvana koSAGka (3) jiyogrAphI zrApha la buddhijma zrIvimalacaraNa lA kRta ( 4 ) dI jarnala grApha yU0 pI0 hisTArikala sosAyaTI bhAga 15, saM0 2, meM zrI DA0 vAsudevazaraNa agravAla kA 'dI jiyogrAphikala kanaTenTa zrApha dI mahAmAyUrI' vAlA lekha (5) prAcIna tIrthamAlA saMgraha - bhAga 1. sampAdaka zrI 10 gurudeva vijayadharmasUri / -

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( 21 ) vAcAlA dakSiNa vAcAlA svarNavAlukA (nadI) rupyavAlukA (nadI) kanakakhala Azramapada uttara vAcAlA seyaM viyA (zvetambikA) surabhipura, gaMgAnadI thUNAkasanniverA rAjagRha 2. nAlandA kollAgasanniveza suvarNakhala brAhmaNagAMva 3. campAnagarI kAlAyasanniveza pattakAlaya kumArAsanniveza corAkasanniveza 4. pRSThacampA kayaMgalA zrAvastI kalaMbukAsanniveza rADhabhUmi (anAryadeza)-lADha pUrNakalaza (anAryadeza kI . sImA para gAMba) 5. bhaddiyA kayalisamAgama baMbasaMDa taMbAyasanniveza kUpiyasanniveza vaizAlI grAmAka zAlizIrSa 6. bhaddiyAnagarI magadhabhUmi Rlsindhaa kuDAkasanniveza maddanasanniveza (mardanasanniveza) bahusAla lohArgalA purimatAla unnAga, gobhUmi 8. rAjagRha lATa-jrabhUmi aura zuddhabhUmi (sumhabhUmi)-anAyaMdeza naMgalA zrAvattA corAyasanniveza

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( 22 ) 6. vajUbhUmi meM ghUmate phirate siddhArthapura kUrmagrAma siddhArthapura vaizAlI, zrAvastI kozAmbI vArANasI rAjagRha mithilA 11. vaizAlI sUsumArapura bhogapura nandigrAma meM DhiyagAMva kozAmbI sumaMgala succhetA gaMDakInadI vANijyagrAma zrAvastI sAnulaThiyasanniveza dRDhabhUmi-polAsacaitya vAlukA subhauma succhettA malaya hasthisIsa tosaligAMva mosali tosali siddhArthapura vrajagrAma pAlabhiyA seyaviyA pAlaka 12. campA jaMbhiyagAMva meMDhiya chammANi madhyamA (pAvApuri) jaMbhiyagAMva - isake bAhara RjuvAlukAnadI hai pAvApuri (madhyamA) kSatriyakuNDapura-videhadeza kI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI ke nikaTa yaha grAma thA / vaizAlI aAjakala basAda nAma se prasiddha hai / basAr3ha ke nikaTa vAsukuNDa hai, yahI prAcIna kSatriyakuNDapura hai / ise nAdikA yA

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( 23 ) nAtikA nAma se bhI smaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| kucha logo ne linchuzrAra ko hI kSatriyakuNDapura mAnA hai tathA linchuAr3a ko prAcIna licchaviyoM kI rAjadhAnI batAyA hai, ye dono sthApanAeM yuktiyukta haiN| vistAra 'ke liye hamArA 'vaizAlI' grantha dekho / karmAragrAma - yaha sthAna vAsukuNDa ke samIpa hai / Ajakala kumanachaparAgAchI nAma se prasiddha hai| yaha lohAroM kA gAMva thA / kollAgasanniveza - yaha sthAna basAda se uttarapazcima meM do mIla kI dUrI para hai| zrAdhunika nAma kolhuvA hai / yahIM azoka kA stambha, stUpa tathA markaTahRda ( zrAdhunika nAma rAmakuNDa ) haiM / asthikagrAma - yaha vajjI (videha) deza ke antargata eka grAma thA aura bauddha sAhitya meM ise hatthIgAma nAma se smaraNa kiyA gayA hai / yaha rAjagRha se kuzInArA vAle mArga ke bIca meM thA aura vaizAlI se dUsarA par3Ava thA / zrAdhunika nAma hAthAgAMva hai jo ki mujaphpharapura jile meM hai, mujaphpharapura se 20 mIla pUrva hAthAgAMva ke pAsa bAgamatI nadI bahatI hai jo ki prAcIna vegavatInadI pratIta hotI hai / yaha gAMva basADha se lagabhaga 35 mIla hai / seyaMbiyA (zvetambikA ) - jainoM kI dRSTi se yaha kekayArddha kI rAjadhAnI thI, bauddhoM kI dRSTi se yaha kozala deza kA eka nagara thA / sAvatthI se rAjagRha kI ora jAne vAle mArga para yaha agalA hI par3Ava thaa| rAyapaseNIsUtra meM ise sAvatthI ke nikaTa batAyA hai, phAhiyAna aura bauddha granthoM meM bhI ise sAvatthI ke nikaTa batAyA hai / : yaha kahA jAtA hai ki zrAdhunika sItAmar3hI hI prAcIna zvetambikA hai, aura zvetambakA kA apabhraMza sItAmar3hI hai / parantu jaina aura bauddhagranthoM ke anukUla yaha sthApanA nahIM hai kyoMki sItAmaDhI sAvatthI se lagabhaga

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( 24 ) 200 mIla kI dUrI para hai / apabhraMza bhI zvetambikA se sItAmar3hI nahIM bntaa| mi* vaoNsTa ne basedilA ko hI prAcIna zvetambikA mAnA hai jo ki sAhetamAheta se 17 mIla aura balarAmapura se 6 mIla hai| kekaya aura kekayA nAmoM ke kAraNa kucha loga do kekaya deza mAnane lage haiM / parantu isakA kisI grantha athavA zAstra meM ullekha nahIM hai, na hI kisI anveSaka ne isa sambandha meM kucha prakAza DAlA hai| aisA pratIta hotA hai ki zvetAmbI vAlA pradeza-jise bauddhoM ne kozala meM mAnA hai-kekaya kA upaniveza thA, isIlie yaha kekayAddha nAma se prasiddha huA aura zvetAmbI isa kI rAjadhAnI banI / kekayadeza vyAsa aura satalaja nadI ke bIca kA pradeza thaa| thUNAkasanniveza- yaha malladeza meM aura paTanA ke uttarapazcima meM tathA gaNDakI ke dakSiNI kinAre para thaa| rAjagRha-prAkRta meM ise rAyagiha kahate haiM, magadha kI rAjadhAnI thii| Ajakala kA rAjagira nAmaka sthAna prAcIna rAjagRha hai / yaha relave sTezana hai tathA bihArazarIpha se 15 mola hai| prAcInakAla meM yaha sthAna atyanta mahattva kA thA, vibhinna vyApArika mArga yahIM se hokara jAte the| takSazilA se rAjagRha taka kA mArga 162 yojana thA, yaha mArga * sAvatthI meM se hokara jAtA thA, sAvatthI rAjagRha se 45 yojana thI / kapilavastu se rAjagRha 60 yojana thA aura kuzInArA se 25 yojana thA / rAjagRha se gaMgA 5 yojana thii| rAjagRha se nAlandA 1 yojana thaa| nAlandA-yaha aAjakala baDagAMva nAma se prasiddha hai| rAjagira se mIla hai| bihArazarIpha se rAjagira kI ora jAte hue bIca meM

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nAlandA nAmaka sTezana hai / kisI samaya yahAM bauddhoM kA bahuta bar3A vizvavidyAlaya thaa| kollAgasanniveza-vaizAlI ke nikaTastha kollAgasanniveza se yaha bhinna sthAna hai| bhagavatIsUtra ke 662 pRSTha meM isa ke sambandha meM batAyA hai ki "tIse NaM nAlaMdAe bAhiriyAe adUrasAmaMte ettha NaM kollAe nAmaM sannivese hotthA" / arthAt nAlandA ke nikaTa meM kollAgasanniveza thaa| campA-prAcInakAla meM yaha aGgadeza kI rAjadhAnI thii| aAjakala pUrvadeza meM bhAgalapura ke nikaTa pUrvadizA meM jo campAnagara hai vahI prAcIna campAnagarI haiM / isake pAsa campA nAma kI nadI bahatI hai| kayaMgalA-madhyadeza kI pUrvI sImA para thA / rAmapAlacarita meM isakA ullekha hai / yaha sthAna rAjamahala jile meM hai / zrAvasto ke pAsa bhI eka kayaMgalA hai yaha usase bhinna hai| . zrAvastI-Ajakala rAptI ke kinAre kA sAheta mAheta hI prAcIna zrAvastI hai / prAcInakAla meM kozala kI rAjadhAnI thI / yaha sAketa se 6 yojana, rAjagRha se uttara-pazcima meM 45 yojana, saMkassa se 30 yojana, takSazilA se 147 yojana, suppAraka se 120 yojana thii| rAptI kA prAcIna nAma aciravatI yA ajiravatI hai, jainasUtroMmeM ise irAvadI kahA hai| haliGga-bauddhagranthoM meM isa kA halihavasana nAma se ullekha hai| yaha koliyadeza meM thA, koliyadeza kI rAjadhAnI rAmagAma thii| yaha pradeza zAkyadeza ke pUrva meM thA aura donoM dezoM ke bIca rohiNInadI bahatI thii|

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naMgalA-yaha kozala meM thA, yahAM vedazAstra ke bar3e bar3e paNDita rahate the| bauddhasAhitya meM yaha icchAnaMgala nAma se prasiddha hai| lADha-isa kI rAjadhAnI koTivarSa thii| Adhunika bAnagar3ha ho prAcIna koTivaSaM hai| isake do bhAga the uttararADha aura dakSiNarADha, ina donoM ke bIca ajayAnadI bahatI thI / yaha gujarAtadezI lATa se bhinna deza hai| yaha pradeza baMgAla meM gaMgA ke pazcima meM thA, aAjakala ke tAmaluka, midanApura, hugalI aura bardavAna jile isa pradeza ke antargata the / murzidAbAda jile kA kucha bhAga isa kI uttarI sImA ke antargata thA / bhadiyA-aGgadeza kA eka nagara thaa| bhAgalapura se 8 mIla dakSiNa meM sthita bhadariyA gAMva prAcIna bhadiyA hai / jambUsaMDa-yaha gAMva vaizAlI se kuzInArA vAle mArga para ambagAMva aura bhoganagara ke bIca meM thA / vaizAlI se cauthA par3Ava thaa| vaizAlI-vartamAna basAr3ha prAcIna vaizAlI hai / yaha sthAna paTanA se uttara kI ora 27 mIla para hai| bauddhagranthoM meM vaizAlI se gaMgA kI dUrI 3 yojana batAI gaI hai| vizeSa vivaraNa ke liye hamArA 'vaizAlI' grantha dekho| magadha-zrImahAvIrasvAmI ke samaya meM magadha ke pUrva campAnadI, dakSiNa meM vindhyaparvata, pazcima meM sonanadI, aura uttara meM gaMgAnadI thii| yahI isa deza kI sImA thI / isa kI rAjadhAnI rAjagRha thii| pAlabhikA-yaha sAvatthI se rAjagRha jAne vAlI sar3aka para thaa| sAvatthI se yaha 30 yojana thA aura banArasa se sambhavataH 12 ___

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( 27 ) yojana / bauddhoM ne ise AlavI likhA hai| kanighAma aura hArnala ke vicArAnusAra yuktaprAnta meM unnAva jile kA navalagAMva hI prAcIna' bAlamikA hai aura nandalAla de ke anusAra iTAvA se 27 mIla dUra uttarapUrva meM airavA nAmaka gAMva / mahana-isa kA ullekha mahAmAyUrI meM milatA hai, vahAM paMkti isa prakAra haiM: 'mardane maNDapo yakSo / kaIyoM ne maNDapa ko sthAnavAcI mAnakara mardana ko vyaktivAcI mAnA hai, yaha ThIka nahIM hai / mardana sthAnavAcI hai aura maNDapa vyktivaacii| mahAmAyUrI meM varNitA mardana aura zrImahAvIrasvAmI ke vihAra kA maddana eka hI hai / purimatAla-Ajakala kA prayAga prAcIna purimatAla hai| vanabhUmi-lADhadeza ke do bhAga kiye jAte the : vajrabhUmi aura sumhbhuumi| yahAM hIroM kI khAna hone se yaha vajrabhami nAma se prasiddha thaa| vizeSa ke liye hamArI 'prAcInabhAratavarSasamIkSA' dekho| vANijya grAma-Ajakala yaha baniyAgAMva nAma se prasiddha hai, basADha ke nikaTa eka gAMva hai| tosali-aAjakala kA dhaulisthAna hai yahAM azoka kA lekha hai| khaNDagiri-udayagiri ke nikaTa hai| mosali-kaliMgadeza kA eka vibhAga thA bharata ke nATyazAstra meM isakA ullekha hai| kauzAmbI--vatsa athavA vaMza kI rAjadhAnI thii| Aja kala kosama nAma se yaha prasiddha hai jo ki ilAhAbAda se 30 yA 31 mIla haiM

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( 28 ) aura yamunA ke kinAre hai, banArasa se 13 yojana hai / eka mahAzaya ne yahAM taka pratipAdana kiyA thA ki kauzAmbI yamunA ke kinAre hI nahIM hai| vArANasI--kAzIdeza kI rAjadhAnI thii| pasenadi ke rAjyakAla meM yaha deza kozala meM sammilita kara liyA gayA thaa| mithilA--videha deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| campA se 16 yojana dUra thA / aAjakala yaha janakapura nAma se prasiddha hai jo ki nepAla rAjya meM hai| sUsumArapura-yaha sUsumAragiri pratIta hotA hai, bhagga (bhaMgI) deza kI rAjadhAnI thii| bhaggadeza vaizAlI aura sAvatthI ke bIca meM hI thaa| anumAna hotA hai ki isakA dUsarA nAma pAvA thA / bhogapura--bauddhagranthakAroM ne ise bhoganagara likho hai / vaizAlI se kuzInArA vAle mArga para yaha pAMcavA par3Ava thaa| chammANi--magadhadeza meM thA, bauddhoM ne ise khAnumata likhA hai| madhyamA--yaha madhyadeza kI pAvApurI hai, malladeza kI pAvApurI se bhinna hai| yahIM vIraprabhu kA nirvANa huA thaa| yaha bihArazarIpha se sAta mIla hai / svargIya haramana jaikobI ne bhI apane san 30 vAle jarmanabhASA ke lekha meM isI pAvApurI ko vIraprabhu kA nirvANa sthAna mAnA hai| pAvA tIna mAnI jAtI haiM eka malloM ko, dUsarI bhaMgI (bhagga) kI rAjadhAnI, tIsarI madhyama paavaa| malladeza kI tathA bhagga deza kI pAvA ke bIca meM hone kAraNa kucha loga ise madhyamapAvA mAnate ___

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( 26 ) hai, parantu yaha ThIka nahIM hai| apitu madhyamadeza meM hone ke kAraNa, madhyamapAvA kahalAtI thI aura madhyamapAvA upayukta do pAvAtroM ke bIca meM na hokara eka tribhujarUpa meM sthita thii| RjuvAlukA-pAvA madhyamA se 12 yojana dUra thI, jaMbhiyagA~va ke nikaTa thI jahAM bhagavAna ko kevalazAna huA thaa| isake viSaya meM sva0 gurudeva vijayadharmasUrijI ne jo kalpanA aitihAsika tIrthamAlA saMgraha bhAga 1 kI prastAvanA meM kI hai hameM vaha ThIka hI jaMcatI hai, anya koI dRr3ha pramANa prApta hone para usa kalpanA para vicAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ThANAMgasUtra meM gaMgA kI jo pAMca sahAyaka nadiyoM ke nAma kA ullekha hai usameM zrAjI nahIM apitu 'zrAdI' hai| jisa nadI ko Ajakala punapuna kahate haiM jo ki paTanA ke pAsa phatutrA meM gaMgA. nadI meM mila gaI hai isI kA nAma zrAdI gaMgA hai| gayAdhAma ke pratyeka yAtrI kA yaha kartavya hotA hai ki vaha gayA jAte samaya isa ke taTa para sira muMDAye aura isake jala meM snAna kare ( dekho gaMgA aMka bhUgola pRSTha 21) / - - - -

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vaizAlI __ati prAcInakAla se vaizAlI apane gaNatantra saMgha ke liye prasiddha hai / jainazAstroM meM isa gaNatantra ke sambandha meM bahuta sI jJAtavya bAte dI gaI haiM / unake AdhAra para bahuta sI nUtana bAtoM kA isa prantha meM samAveza kiyA gayA hai, unhIM ke AdhAra para vaizAlI kA sthAna-nirNaya kiyA gayA hai| jainapranthoM ke anusAra isI vaizAlI ke nikaTastha grAma kSatriyakuNDapura meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma huA thA / aba taka kI isa mAnyatA kA prativAda kiyA gayA hai ki bhagavAna kI janmabhUmi licchUAr3a ke pAsa hai athavA nAlandA ke nikaTa hai| prAcIna varNanoM ke AdhAra para isa grantha meM yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki Adhunika basAr3ha ( mujaphpharapura jilA ) ke nikaTastha grAma bAsukuNDa hI prAcIna kSatriyakuNDapura hai / jarmana vidvAna haramana jaikobI tathA DA0 hAranala ne kSatriyakuNDapura ko vaizAlI kA eka muhallA batAyA hai, yaha bhI nitAnta ayuktiyukta hai| isI prakAra ina yUropiyana vidvAnoM dvArA kI gaI anya bhUloM kA bhI samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai / lya 1)

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prAcIna bhAratavarSa-samIkSA DAkTara tribhuvanadAsa laheracanda zAha ne 'prAcIna-bhAratavarSa' nAmaka grantha gujarAtI meM pAMca bhAgoM meM aura aMgrejI meM cAra bhAgoM meM likhA hai| isa meM sthala sthala para bhrAntijanaka aura asatya sthApanAeM karake pAThakoM ko bhrama meM DAlane kA prayatna kiyA hai / ina mAnyatAoM ke nivAraNArtha tathA aitihAsika tathyoM ke prakAzanArtha itihAsatatvamahodadhi jainAcArya zrIvijayendrasUrIzvara jI mahArAja ne hindI meM 'prAcIna-bhAratavarSa-samIkSA' nAma se eka AlocanAtmaka prantha likhA hai / viSaya-sUci isa prakAra hai: 1. cakravartI samrAT khAravela 2. khAravela AjIvaka ? 3. 'puSpapura 4. pANinI ko janmabhUmi 5. pANinI anArya 6. dantI cANakya 7. jainadharma saMsthApaka mahAvIra 8. sarasvatI citra 6. tirasA yA tiSya 10 magadha yA mAMgadha 11. kaMsa kA TIlA 12. amohinI 13. zauripura yA coravADa 14. prAcIna bhUgola 15. kalkI kA janma 16. jainamandira-bhaMjaka kalkI 17. pATaliputra ke stUpa 18. uSavadAta abhilekha 16. ayodhyA yA AyuddhAsa 20. pariziSTaparva 21. lATa yA lADha 22. vajrabhUmi 23. campA nagarI aura aGgAdeza 24. puSyamitra 25. mahAsena vana 26. sAMcI kA dAna 27. dhanabhUti kA lekha 28. AndhravaMza aura Andhradeza 26. saptapurI 30. rAjA prasenajit aura pradezI 31. mAyAdevI kA svapna 32. paavaapurii| mUlya 2)

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