Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tIrthakara varddhamAna vidyAnanda muni zrI vIra nirvANa grantha prakAzana-samiti, indaura ... vI. ni. saMvat 2500
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prakAzaka bAbUlAla pATodI maMtrI, zrI vIra nirvANa grantha prakAzana samiti 48, mItalAmAtA bAjAra, indaura - 2 ( madhyapradeza) O vI. ni. graM. pra. samiti paSTha puSpa aSTama AvRtti (saMzodhita parivaddhita ) tIrthakara varddhamAna vidyAnanda muni 2500vA~ vIra- nirvANotsava ke nimitta akTUbara, 1973 mUlya : tIna rupaye mudraka : naI duniyA presa, indaura TIRTHANKAK WARDHAMAN Vidyanand Muni Cultural History 1973
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prakAzakIya parama pUjya munizrI vidyAnandajI ne apane meraTha-varSAyoga meM jo adhyayanaanusaMdhAna kiyA aura jo abhIkSNa svAdhyAya-siddhi kI, usI kI eka apUrva pariNati hai unakI Aja se bIseka varSa pUrva prakAzita kRti "vIra prabhu" kA yaha AThavAM upaskRta saMskaraNa / isameM munizrI ne bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana para khojapUrNa sAmagrI to dI hI hai, sAtha hI una tathyoM kA bhI saMtulita samAyojana kiyA hai jo aba taka huI gaMbhIra khojoM ke phalAgama haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki isameM prAgaitihAmika, aitihAsika, jyotiSika, sAMskRtika tathA sAmAjika dRSTiyoM se mahatvapUrNa prAmANika vivaraNa bhI sammilita hue haiM / vAstava meM munizrI avirAma dAr3atI sadAsadya: usa nadI kI bhAMti haiM jo hara ghATa-bATa para nirmala hai aura jo kicit bhI kRpaNa nahIM hai| ve Thahare hue jala to haiM nahIM ki eka bAra jitanA baTora liyA use hI itizrI mAnakara caleM; ve anekAnta kI maMgala mUrti haiM aura imIlie pratyeka dRSTikoNa kA sammAna karate haiM aura usameM se prayojanopayogI nirdoSa tathyoM ko aMgIkAra kara lete haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki prastuta kRti meM anekAntavAda aura syAdvAda meM labhya cakravRddhika Ananda kI chaTA milegii| anekAntAtmaka satyAnveSaNa kI sabase pramukha vizeSatA yahI hai ki usameM vastu kA mUla vyaktitva to akSata banA hI rahatA hai mAtha hI citta para eka vardhamAna tAjagI aura murabhi varasatI rahatI hai| munizrI pravacana-zailI meM likhate haiM, isIlie unake pratipAdana sarala, mugama, udAharaNoM meM puSTa aura sugrAhya haiM / pustaka kI eka aura vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIvana kA asaMdigdha vRttAnta to hai hI, sAtha hI jaina middhAntoM kA eka mArapUrNa vyaktitva bhI jhalaka uThA hai| - vaizAlI ke sambandha meM munizrI ne jo vivaraNa diye haiM, ve kisI bhI gaNatantra ke lie gaurava kA vipaya ho sakata haiN| jaba vizva ke anya deza gajanIti ke zaizava se gajara rahe the, taba vaizAlI apane tAruNya-zIrSa para thii| jainoM ne na kevala dharma, naMskRti aura darzana ke kSetra meM sarvoccatA upalabdha ko thI varan unhoMne pArthiva samRddhiyoM ke bho usa tala ko liyA thA jahA~ pahuMcakara AdamI loTane lagatA hai / isakA malatava yaha huA ki jaina rAjanyavarga ne pArthivatA kI usa mImA ko bhI lAMcanA zurU kiyA thA jahAM pahuMcakara vaha svayaM nismAra aura nirarthaka dIkhane lagatI hai| mahAvIra kA vairAgya koI lAcArI nahIM hai aura na hI vaha palAyana hai, vaha muniyAMjina pada-nikSepa hai adhyAtma kI dizA meM / vaha ananta aizvarya ke bIca meM AnevAlI maMgala dhvani hai, jisane Age calakara bhArata ke bhAla kA zRMgAra kiyA hai| mahAvIrakAlIna bhArata nipaTa azAnta thA aura zAnti kI talAza kara rahA thaa| isake viparIta bhAratIya dharatI para kaI jagaha pazuoM kI nirIha cItkAreM aura raktapAta the / ina nirAzAoM
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ke madhya mahAvIra zAnti ke eka sazakta vizvAsa kI bhAMti Aye, jinhoMne Ama AdamI ko niSkaNTaka sAMsa lene kA avasara diyaa| unhoMne sahaastitva aura dhArmika mahiSNutA ke aise AdhAra, jo kaI sadiyoM pUrva bhArata meM praur3ha vikAsa kara cuke the, kintu aba jinheM vismRta kara diyA gayA thA, punaH sthApita kiye aura unakI sarvamaMgalA pravRtti kI aura logoM kA dhyAna Akarpita kiyaa| eka mahatva kI bAta yaha bhI haI ki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apanA kArya lokabhApA meM kiyA, jahAM kisI taraha kA koI vyavadhAna nahIM thaa| manizrI kI yaha kRti pIsa mAMveM mahAvIra-parinirvANa kI eka samujjvala bhamikA ke rUpa meM prakAza meM A rahI hai / yaha eka aisI pustaka hai, jo kaI-kaI choTI pustakoM kA AdhAra bana sakatI hai, vizepataH una pustakoM kA jo pAThyakramoM meM AtI haiM aura kaI bhrama aura galataphahamiyoM ko janma detI hai| zrI vIra nirvANa grantha prakAzana samiti, indora kA yaha parama saubhAgya hai ki use munizrI kI prastuta ullekhya kRti ke prakAzana kA mukhada saMyoga milA hai| jisa pAgma-purupa meM saMpUrNa bhAratIya saMta-paramparA vAtAyana DhUMr3ha rahI hai, hameM vizvAsa hai usakI yaha bahumUlya kRti vyApaka rUpa meM samAdRta hogI aura loka-jIvana ko samucita dizA dene meM maphalatA prApta kregii| mamiti ne munizrI kI anya kaI kRtiyAM prakAzita kI haiM, jinameM se "nirmala AtmA hI samayasAra", "ahiMsAHvizvadharma", "AdhyAtmika sUktiyAM", "samaya kA malya" bahakhyAta aura bahupaTita-cacita kRtiyAM haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki inameM se kaI ke dvitIya saMskaraNa bhI hue haiN| isake atirikta munivara kI maMgala preraNA ke phalasvarUpa samiti bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana para do aura mahatvapUrNa granthoM kA prakAzana kara rahI hai; ye haiM-munizrI ke pravuddha evaM vyaktigata nirdezana meM paMDita padmacandra zAstrI dvArA likhita "tIrthakara varddhamAna mahAvIra" tathA hindI ke suprasiddha upanyAsakAra, kavi evaM patrakAra zrI vIrendrakumAra jaina dvArA praNIta bRhad upanyAsa "anattara yogI : tIrthakara mahAvIra" / hameM vizvAsa hai samiti Ane vAle varSa meM munizrI ke maMgala zubhAzISa lekara jIvana ko prakAza aura pAvanatA dene vAlA satsAhitya prakAzita karane meM saphala hogii| ___ anta meM hama paMDita zrI nAthalAlajo zAstrI ke prati bhI samiti kA AbhAra vyakta karate haiM, jinhoMne atyadhika vyasta hote hue bhI eka khojapUrNa prAkkathana likhakara hameM anugRhIta kiyA hai| bAbUlAla pATodI dIpAvalI, 1973 mantrI
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ prAkkathana muni zrI vidyAnandajI dvArA likhita 'vIra-prabhu' laghu pustikA chaha-sAta saMskaraNoM meM lagabhaga 20 hajAra saMkhyA meM prakAzita hokara pAThakoM ke sammukha A cukI hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke paccIsa sauveM parinirvANa-mahotsava kI yojanAoM ke antargata tIrthakara varddhamAna ke jIvana aura dezanA ko prastuta saMskaraNa ke rUpa meM parivartita aura parivardhita kara vidvAna evaM tapasvI lekhaka ne use bahumUlya kRti banA dene kA sarAhanIya prayatna kiyA hai| zrI vIra nirvANa graMtha prakAzana-samiti dvArA paM. patracandrajI zAstrI kI bhagavAna mahAvIra kI eka anya jIvanI bhI prakAzita ho rahI hai, usameM munizrI ke aneka sujhAva hai, jinakA yatra-tatra sAmya dikhAI detA hai| isa racanA meM munizrI ne jIvanta svAmI pratimA kA, jo rAjakumAra mahAvIra ke maMsAra tyAgane ke eka varSa pUrva kA citraNa hai, citra tathA tIrthakara varddhamAna kI paMcakalyANaka tithiyoM kA vartamAna IsvI san, tArIkha tathA vAroM meM ullekha, janmasthAna, vaizAlI kI mahimA ityAdi vizeSatAoM kA digdarzana karA kara isakA mahatva var3hA diyA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke loka maMgalakArI middhAMtoM meM ahiMmA, anekAMta, myAdvAda aparigRha, mamatAvAda aura karmavAda Adi haiM, jinakA mUrtimAna svarUpa svayaM lekhaka apane alaukika tapaHpUta jIvana meM grahaNa kiye hue hai aura vartamAna viSamatA ke viSAkta vAtAvaraNa meM maMpradAyAtIta marvadharma-mamabhAva aura mamanvaya kI puNyapIyUSadhAg2a ko jana-jIvana meM pravAhita kara zramaNa-saMskRti kI mahattA aura vizvadharma kA pracAra-pramAra kara rahe haiN| mAnava-jIvana meM bhautikatA ke mAtha AdhyAtmikatA kA samanvaya honA Avazyaka hai| AdhyAtmikatA jIvana ko bAhaya rUparekhA ke nirmANa ke sAtha jIvana ko pazu-stara se uThA kara mAnavIya dharAtala para le jAtI hai| bhAratIya saMskRti meM bhautikatA ke bhItara hI AdhyAtmikatA kI sthiti mAnI gaI hai| bhAratIya saMskRti kA mUla siddhAMta vyApaka sahiSNutA hai| dUsaroM kI jIvanasaMbaMdhI samasyAoM mora dRSTikoNa ke prati sammAna pradarzita karane kI udAratA se isa deza meM vaidika daura thamaNa sAtha-sAtha raha rahe haiN| sArvabhaumika dRSTi-vindu kI viziSTatA se hI vicAradhArAoM meM viroSa kI jagaha maMzleSaNa ko protsAhita karane kA prayatla rahA hai|
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 'rucInAM vaicitryAdRju kuTila nAnA pathajuSA / nRNAma ko gamyastvamasi payasAmarNava iva' / mahimnastrota ko sarvadharma samAnatva ko karane meM samartha yaha udAratA vaidika zAstroM meM upadiSTa hai / yaM zaMvA samupAsate' aura 'yo vizvaM vedavedyaM Adi vaidika aura maTTAkalaMka ke udAra bhAvoM se anuprANita maMgala zloka prasiddha haiN| isI prakAra manusmRti meM likhA hai ki 68 tIrthoM kI yAtrA kA jo phala honA hai vaha eka AdinAtha ke smaraNa se prApta ho jAtA hai| mahAmAgna meM jIvadayA ke saMbaMdha meM ullekha hai ki eka ora svarName aura mamasta pRthvI aura dUsarI ora eka prANI kA jIvana; phira bhI jIvana kA mUlya usase adhika hai| ___ itihAma meM yaha dekhane ko milatA hai ki yuga-mahApuruSoM ke ziSyoM ne apane gurujanoM ke pradarzina mArga ke pracAra ke nAma para unmatta hokara kalaha aura vidveSa ke vIja boye, majahaba ke nAma para hiMsA aura saMgharSa kI jar3a jamAne kI koziza kI, para kSatriya zAmaka tIrthaMkaroM Adi (jinameM rAmAkRSNa Adi bhI sammilita haiM) ne mAnava-hRdaya ko saMskRta banAnA dharma kA uddezya hai yaha udaghoSita karate hue usake nAma para utpanna kiye gaye dopoM ko dUra kara svayaM vItarAgatA prApta kara ahiMsA aura anekAMta rUpa vizva-kalyANakArI mArga kA upadeza diyaa| chAndogya upaniSad 5-3 meM gautama gotriya Rpi kSatriya rAjA pravahaNa se AtmavidyA ke viSaya meM prazna karate haiM aura unheM uttara milatA hai ki "pUrvakAla meM tuma se pahale yaha vidyA brAhmaNoM ke pAsa nahIM gayI isIse saMpUrNa lokoM meM isa vidyA ke dvArA kSatriyoM kA hI anuzAsana hotA rahA hai|" isI prakAra chAndogya upaniSad 5-11 meM kekayakumAra azvapati rAjA dvAga pagma thotriya RpiyoM ko Atma vidyA ke upadeza dene kA ullekha milatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA upadiSTa ahiMsA ityAdi siddhAMtoM ke prasAra karane kA zreya indrabhUni gautama, vAyubhUti, agnibhUti prabhRti vaMdavedAMga pAraMgata brAhmaNa-thupThoM ko hai, jo parama tapasvI aura brahmacArI the aura rAjagRha se mukta hue the / mahAvIra-nirvANa ke pazcAt bhI AcArya vidyAnaMda Adi udbhaTa vidvAn syAdvAda-darzana ke mahAn pracAra-prasAra karane vAle ho cuke haiN| vartamAna meM varNI gaNezaprasAdajI bhI aise hI the| 1 jala ke sthAna samudra mamAna vibhinna mArga aura rucivAloM ke lie mAnmA kI mukti-prApti kA uddezya to eka hI hai| 2 praSTa SaSTiSu tIrtheSu yAvAyAM ytphlNbhvet| zrI. mAdinAthadevasya smaraNenApitadbhavet / / 3 ekataH kAMcanA meru: kRtsnA va vasundharA / jIvasya jIvitaM caiva tattulyaM kadAsyata / /
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ janarala pharalAMga, sunotikumAra caTarjI aura nyAyamUrti rAMgalekara Adi vidvAnoM ke matAnusAra bhArata meM AryoM ke Ane ke pUrva janadharma vidyamAna thaa| pazcimIya evaM uttarIya madhya bhArata kA UparI bhAga IsvI san 1500 se lekara 800 varSa pUrva paryanta una tUrAniyoM ke adhIna thA jinako dravir3a kahate haiN| usa mamaya uttarabhArata meM eka prAcIna, atyanta saMgaThita dharma pracalita thA, jisakA darzana, AcAra evaM tapazcaryA suvyavasthita thI, vaha jainadharma thaa| AryoM ne yahAM ke nivAsiyoM ko anArya kahA aura "donoM yahAM eka dUsare ke samIpa rahane lge| AryoM ke kucha dhArmika anuSThAna aura devI-devatAoM ko anArya logoM ne svIkAra kara liyA / dhIre-dhIre anAryoM ke devatA, dharmAnuSThAna, darzana, tatvajJAna aura bhaktivAda AryoM ke mana para apanI chApa chor3ane lage / anArya rAjA nathA purohita AryabhASA (saMskRta) grahaNa karane ke mAtha hI sAtha AryabhASI samAja meM gRhIta hone lge|" sara rAdhAkRSNan ke anusAra upaniSadoM kA tatvajJAna bhArata ke AdivAsI dravir3oM Adi se likhA gayA thaa| upaniSad aura jaina tatvajJAna meM AtmA, vyavahAra (avidyA) aura nizcaya (vidyA) Adi ke bAre meM bahuta kucha sAmya milatA hai / DaoN. harmana jaikovI ke mata se bhagavAna RSabhadeva jainadharma ke saMsthApaka aitihAsika puruSa the / bhAgavata meM unheM aSTama avatAra ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai / yaha saba vaidika aura zramaNa saMskRti donoM ko bhAratIya saMskRti ke vyApakarUpa meM AtmasAta kara lene ke udAharaNa haiM / vedoM meM RSabha, ariSTanemi, varSamAna Adi tIrthaMkaroM kA ullekha guNagrAhakanA evaM udAratA kA dyotaka hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra veda aura brAhmaNa-virodhI the, yaha pracAra bhramapUrNa hai| isake koI pramANa nahIM milate ki unhoMne vedoM kA virodha kiyA, balki mamkarI Adi digaMvara mAdhuoM kA pakSa na kara indrabhUni Adi ko apanA pramukha gaNaghara banAyA aura guNagrAhI bane / vedoM Adi meM bhI himA kA vidhAna aMgreja vidvAn gabarTa arnesTa hya ma Adi dvAga maMtroM kI himAparaka vyAkhyA karane ke kAraNa huA jAna par3atA hai| kyoMki mahAbhArata ke gAMtiparva a.65,9 meM likhA hai ki madya, machalI, madhu, mAMma Adi vaMdoM meM ghUtoM dvArA kalpita kiye gaye haiN| isI prakAra gajA rantideva ke ahiMmaka gajAoM meM prasiddha hote hue bhI ume pratidina do hajAra gAyoM aura do hajAra pazuoM kI hiMmA karane vAlA batAyA gayA hai| yaha kathana mahAbhArata vana parva a. 207-208 kA hai jahAM 'badhyete' kA artha vAstava meM yaha hai ki gAyoM aura pazuoM ko bAMdhakara unakA 1 saMskRti pravAha (vaidika kAla ke prArya), pR. 118. 2 elaphisTana mora DA. kItha kI mAnyatA hai ki prAyaM bAhara se mAye isake puSTa pramANa nahIM hai|
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dUSa atiSi-matkAra meM diyA jAtA thaa| caraka saMhitA aura nighaMTu meM RSa kA artha eka paudhA hai, jo auSaSa meM kAma AtA hai| isI prakAra ukSA somalatA ko kahate haiM jabaki inakA baila artha kara mAMsa-bhakSaNa ke artha meM ukta mi. rAbarTa ne prayoga kiyA hai| camaMgazi ke bhigone se jo jala bahatA thA usase vizAla nadI prakaTa huI vaha caMbala kahalAI / sAkRti putra raMtideva ne atithiyoM ke lie 20100 gAyeM chUkara diiN| unheM snAna karAne meM unake carma kA AlaMbhana (ghokara sApha karane se ukta nadI niklii| yahAM mahAbhArata gAMti parva 103 meM jo saMskRta zloka hai usake AlaMbhana gabda kA himA karanA artha kara diyA gayA hai isase yaha bhrAMti ho gayI; jabaki gomedha kA artha gosaMvardhana hai yA indriyasaMyama hai, kintu inakA himAparaka artha kara diyA gayA hai| isIlie muni zrI vidyAnaMdajI apane pravacanoM meM yaha spaSTa batAte haiM ki bha. mahAvIra himA ke virodhI the, na ki vedoM ke| unhoMne ahiMmA rUpI zAstra se maTake hue prANiyoM kA hRdaya parivartana kiyaa| hameM bhI bhAvAtmaka ekatA kI bAta karanA cAhie / bhrAmaka vAtoM kA pracAra karane vAle sAhitya se vacanA caahie| . . ima grantha ko likhate hue munizrI ne anekAMta aura syAdvAda ke svarUpa para isIlie rocaka udAharaNoM se vizada prakAza DAlA hai tAki samanvaya kI bhAvanA aura vizvadharma kA lokamAnama para acchA prabhAva par3e; kyoMki myAdvAda mahAnubhUnimaya hai| usameM samanvaya kI kSamatA hai| vaha udAratA ke sAtha anya vAdoM meM Agraha ke aMga ko chAMTa kara unheM apanA aMga banAtA hai| yaha bauddhika ahiMmA kahI jAtI hai| Aja jainoM meM hI sAMpradAyikatA aura paraspara IrSyA dvepa bar3ha rahe haiN| nirvANa-mahotsava ke dvArA bAhara hama bha. mahAvIra kI dezanA kA pracAra karanA cAhate haiM aura ghara meM usa para amala nahIM kara pA rahe haiN| munizrI hI aise haiM jo apane adbhuta vyaktitva, tyAgamaya jIvana tathA vaktRtva se bhAvanAtmaka aikya kA prayatna kara rahe haiN| 'parasparopagraho jIvAnAM' aura 'vasudhaiva kuTumbakam' sadRza vAkyoM kI vyAkhyA zrotAoM ko tabhI prakAzita kara sakatI hai jaba ina mUtroM ke vyAkhyAtA svayaM nirvikAra aura aura amAMpradAyika hoN| Ajakala kI prabuddha * mAMsaudanaM momeNa vApaMbheNa vA-putra kI mAkAMkSA, pUrNAya aura vedajJAtA hone ke lie yuvA va vRddha baila kA mAMsa khAve (bahadAraNya 6-4-18). + 'dinakara' ke udgAra hai ki 'sahiSNutA, udAratA, mAmAjika saMskRti, anekAMtavAda, syAvAda paura ahiMsA ye eka hI satya ke alaga-alaga nAma haiN| asala meM yaha bhArata varSa kI saba se bar3I vilakSaNatA hai jisake adhIna yaha deza eka humA hai aura jise apanAkara sArA saMsAra eka
Page #9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ janatA se vyakti chipA nahIM raha sktaa| munizrI ko 'picchI-kamaMDalu' aura 'nirmala AtmA hI samayasAra' Adi racanAe~ samujjvala kRtiyAM haiM jo unake cinana, manana, abhIkSNa jJAnArAdhana, asAdhAraNa pratimA evaM lokahita kI bhAvanA kI paricAyaka haiN| munizrI ke indaura varSAvAsa ke suyoga se jo dizA prApta huI usakA pariNAma vIra nirvANa graMtha prakAzana samiti hai aura samiti ke prabhAvazAlI pramukha kAryakartA thI bAbUlAlajI pATodI prabhRti udAramanA sajjanoM ke puruSArtha se isake vividha uddezyoM ko kAryanvita kiyA jA rahA hai / indaura dIpAvalI vo. ni. saM. 2500 -nAthUlAla zAstrI
Page #10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ "mahAvIra ne eka aisI sAdhu saMsthA kA nirmANa kiyA, jisakI bhitti pUrNa ahiMsA para nirdhArita thI / unakA 'ahiMsA paramo dharmaH' kA siddhAnta sAre saMsAra meM 2500 varSoM taka agni kI taraha vyApta ho gayA / anta meM isane nava bhArata ke pitA mahAtmA gAMdhI ko apanI ora AkarSita kiyA / yaha kahanA atizayoktipUrNa nahIM hai ki ahisA ke siddhAnta para hI mahAtmA gAMdhI ne navIna bhArata kA nirmANa kiyaa|" -TI. ena. rAmacandran madhyabha-purAtattva vibhAga, bhArata
Page #11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ anukrama jIvanta svAmI pratimA saMsAra se vairAgya 49 (citra) 13 tapasyA 52 pahAvIra-vandanA 14 candanA-uddhAra 54 bhAratIya sAhitya meM caubosa upasarga 55 tIrthakara 15 kaivalya 56 tIrthakara varddhamAna 16 samavazaraNa 59 mahAvIra-kAlIna bhArata divya upadeza 61 (mAnacitra) 22 vora-vANI kA prabhAva 65 jIvana-tathya 23-30 parinirvANa-mahotsava 68 mahAvIra ke nAma para nagara 70 mora mAna meM kAla-gaNanA 25 janma sthAna 25 tIrthakara mahAvIra aura mahAtmAjanma-kuNDalI 26 baddha 70, 73 paMcakalyANaka-tithiyAM mahAvIra-nirvANa-saMvat , 74 viNada kAla-nirNaya anekAnta 79 . sthala kAla-nirNaya / saptabhaMgI 85 vaizAlI (citra) 31 syAdvAda 88 vaizAlI nagara 35 vidvAnoM kI sammatiyA~ 92 nandyAvarta rAjaprAmAda 36 zaMkarAcArya aura syAdvAda 96 tIrthakara mahAvIra 37 anekAnta aura syAdvAda 98 janmotsava 41 syAdvAda kI vyutpatti 98 barddhamAna ke nAmAntara 44 caturaMgavAda 99 vivAha kA upakrama 46 upasaMhAra 100
Page #12
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mahAvIra-vandanA (pAdAkulaka chanda) "sanmatijinapaM sarasijavadanaM / saMjanitAkhila karmakamathanaM / padmasarovaramadhyagatendraM / pAvApuri mahAvIra jineMdraM // vIrabhavodadhipArottAraM / muktizrIvadhunagaravihAraM // vidizakaM tIrthapavitraM / janmAbhiSakRta nirmalagAtraM // varSamAna naamaalyvishaalN| mAna pramANa lakSaNavazatAlam // zatruvimayanavikaTabhaTavIraM / iSTazvaryadhurIkRtadUraM // kuMDalapuri siddhArya bhUpAla / statpatnI priyakAriNi bAlaM // tatkulanalina vikAzitahaMsaM / ghAtapuroghAtikavidhvaMsaM // jJAnadivAkara lokAlokaM / nirjitakArAtivizokaM // bAlatve saMyamamupAlitaM / mohamahAnalamathanavinItaM // " -paM0 AgAdhara mUri
Page #13
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bhAratIya sAhitya meM caubIsa tIrthakara 'prasminvaM bhArate varSe janma vaM bhAvake kule / tapasA yuktamAtmAnaM kezotpATana pUrvakam || tIrthakarAzcatuvizatamAtaMstu puraskRtam / chAyAkRtaM phaNIndreNa dhyAnamAtra pravezikam / ' - vaidika padmapurANa 5 / 14 / 389-90 ( isa bhAratavarSa meM 24 (caubIsa ) tIrthakara zrAvaka (kSatriya) kula meM utpanna hue / unhoMne kezaluMcanapUrvaka tapasyA meM apane Apako yukta kiyaa| unhoMne isa nirgrantha digambara pada ko puraskRta kiyA / java java ve dhyAna meM lIna hote the phaNIndra nAgarAja unake Upara chAyA karate the / ) caubIsa tIrthakaroM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM- 'RpabhanAtha, ajitanAtha, sambhavanAtha, abhinandana nAtha, sumatinAtha, padmaprabha nAtha, supArzvanAtha, candraprabhanAtha, puSpadantanAtha, zItalanAtha, zreyAMsanAtha, vAsupUjyanAtha, vimalanAtha, anantanAtha, dharmanAtha, zAntinAtha, kunthunAtha, aranAtha, mallinAtha, munisuvratanAtha, naminAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha aura vIranAtha / ' DA. buddhaprakAza DI. liT. ne apane grantha 'bhAratIya dharma evaM saMskRti' meM likhA hai- " mahAbhArata meM viSNu ke sahasranAmoM meM zreyAMsa, anata, dharma, zAnti aura saMbhava nAma Ate haiM aura ziva ke nAmoM meM RSabha, ajita, ananta aura dharma milate haiM / viSNu aura ziva donoM kA eka nAma suvrata diyA gayA hai| ye saba nAma tIrthaMkaroM ke haiN| lagatA hai ki mahAbhArata ke samanvayapUrNa vAtAvaraNa meM tIrthakaroM ko viSNu aura ziva ke rUpa meM siddha kara dhArmika ekatA sthApita karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA / isase tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA prAcIna siddha hotI hai / "
Page #14
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mahAvIra-vandanA (pAdAkulaka chanda) "sanmatijinapaM sarasijavadanaM / saMjanitAkhila karmakamayanaM // padmasarovaramadhyagatendraM / pAvApuri mahAvIra jinedraM // borabhavodaSipArotAraM / muktizrIvadhunagaravihAraM // vidizakaM tIrthapavitraM / janmAbhiSakRta nirmalagAtraM // varSamAna naamaalyvishaalN| mAna pramANa lakSaNadazatAlam // zatruvimayanavikaTabhaTavoraM / iSTazvaryadhurIkRtadUraM // kuMDalapuri siddhArtha bhUpAla / statpatnI priyakAriNi bAlaM // tatkulanalina vikaashithNsN| ghAtapuroghAtikavidhvaMsaM // mAnadivAkara lokAlokaM / nirjitakarmArAtivizokaM // bAlatve saMyamasupAlitaM / mohamahAnalamathanavinItaM // " -paM0 AzAdhara sUri
Page #15
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bhAratIya sAhitya meM caubIsa tIrthakara 'masminye bhArate varSe janma ke bhAvake kule / tapasA. yuktamAtmAnaM kezotpATana pUrvakam // tIpaMkarAzcaturvizatapAtastu puraskRtam / chAyAgutaM phaNIndreNa dhyAnamAna pradezikam // ' -vaidika padmapurANa 5 / 14 / 389-90 (isa bhAratavarSa meM 24 (caubIsa) tIrthaMkara zrAvaka (kSatriya) kula meM utpanna hue| unhoMne kezaluMcanapUrvaka tapasyA meM apane Apako yukta kiyaa| unhoMne isa nigrantha digamvara pada ko puraskRta kiyaa| java-java ve dhyAna meM lIna hote the phaNIndra nAgarAja unake Upara chAyA karate the| caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM 'RpabhanAtha,ajitanAtha,sambhavanAtha, abhinandana nAtha, sumatinAtha, padmaprabha nAtha, supArzvanAtha, candraprabhanAtha, puSpadantanAtha, zItalanAtha, zreyAMsanAtha, vAsupUjyanAtha, vimalanAtha, anantanAtha, dharmanAtha, zAntinAtha, kunthunAtha, aranAtha, mallinAtha, munisuvratanAtha, naminAtha, neminAtha, pArzvanAtha aura vIranAtha / ' / DA. buddhaprakAza DI. liTa. ne apane grantha 'bhAratIya dharma evaM saMskRti' meM likhA hai-- "mahAbhArata meM viSNu ke sahasranAmoM meM zreyAMsa, anata, dharma, zAnti aura saMbhava nAma Ate haiM aura ziva ke nAmoM meM Rpabha, ajita, ananta aura dharma milate haiN| viSNu aura ziva donoM kA eka nAma suvrata diyA gayA hai| ye saba nAma tIrthaMkaroM ke haiN| lagatA hai ki mahAbhArata ke samanvayapUrNa vAtAvaraNa meM tIrthaMkaroM ko viSNu aura ziva ke rUpa meM siddha kara dhArmika ekatA sthApita karane kA prayatna kiyA gyaa| isase tIrthaMkaroM kI paramparA prAcIna siddha hotI hai|"
Page #16
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tIrthaMkara varddhamAna 1 "yaha suvidita hai ki jaina dharma kI paramparA atyanta prAcIna hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra to antima tIrthaMkara the / mithilA pradeza ke licchavI gaNatantra se, jisakI aitihAsikatA nirvivAda hai, mahAvIra kA kauTumvika samparka thA / unhoMne zramaNa paramparA ko apanI tapazcaryA ke dvArA eka nayI zakti pradAna kI jisakI pUrNatama paramparA kA sammAna digamvara-paramparA meM pAyA jAtA hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUrva 23 tIrthakara aura ho cuke the / unake nAma aura janma-vRtAnta jaina sAhitya meM surakSita haiN| unhIMmeM bhagavAn RSabhadeva prathama tIrthaMkara the jisake kAraNa unheM AdinAtha kahA jAtA hai / jainakalA meM unakA aMkana ghora tapazcaryA kI mudrA meM milatA hai / RSabhanAtha ke carita kA ullekha zrImadbhAgavat meM bhI vistAra se AtA hai aura yaha socane para vAdhya honA par3atA hai ki isakA kAraNa kyA rahA hogA ? bhAgavata meM hI isa bAta kA ullekha haiM ki mahAyogI bharata RSabhadeva ke zata putroM meM jyeSTha the aura unhIM se yaha deza bhAratavarSa kahalAyA / * bhagavAn mahAvIra tapaH pradhAna saMskRti ke ujjvala pratIka haiM / bhogoM se bhare hue isa saMsAra meM eka aisI sthiti bhI saMbhava hai jisameM manuSya kA aDiga mana nirantara saMyama aura prakAza ke sAnnidhya meM rahatA ho - isa satya kI vizvasanIya prayogazAlA bhagavAn mAhavIra kA jIvana hai| varddhamAna mahAvIra gautama buddha kI bhA~ti nitAnta aitihAsika vyakti haiN| mAtA-pitA ke dvArA unheM bhI hAr3a-mA~sa kA zarIra prApta huA thA / anya mAnavoM kI bhA~ti ve bhI kaccA dUdha pIkara bar3he the; kintu unakA udAtta mana alaukika thA / tama aura jyoti, satya aura anRta ke saMgharSa meM eka vAra jo mArga unhoMne svIkAra kiyA, usa para "yeSAM khalu mahAyogI bharato jyeSThaH zreSThaguNazcAsIt / yenedaM varSa bhAratamiti vyapadizanti / / " --bhAgavata 546..
Page #17
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ dRr3hatA se paira rakhakara hama unheM nirantara Age bar3hate hue dekhate hai / unhoMne apane mana ko akhaNDa brahmacarya kI AMca meM jaisA tapAyA thA, usakI tulanA meM rakhane ke lie anya udAharaNa kama hI mileNge| jisa adhyAtma kendra meM isa prakAra kI siddhi prApta kI jAtI hai usakI dhArAeM deza aura kAla meM apanA nissIma prabhAva DAlatI haiN| mahAvIra kA vaha prabhAva Aja bhI amara hai| adhyAtma ke kSetra meM manuSya kaisA sAmrAjya nirmita kara sakatA hai, usa mArga meM kitanI dUra taka vaha apanI janmasiddha mahimA kA adhikArI vana sakatA hai, isakA jJAna hameM mahAvIra ke jIvana se prApta hotA hai| vAra-bAra hamArA mana unakI phaulAdI dar3hatA se prabhAvita hotA hai| kAyotsarga madrA meM khar3e rahakara gagera ke sukha-duHkhoM se nirapekSa rahate hue unhoMne kAya-sAdhana ke atyanta utkRSTa AdazaM ko pratyakSa dikhAyA thaa| nibaMla saMkalpa kA vyakti usa Adarza ko mAnavI paha~ca me vAhara bhale hI samajha, para usakI satyatA meM koI saMdeha nahIM ho sktaa| tIrthakara mahAvIra usa matyAtmaka paridhi ke kendra meM akhaMDa prajvalita dIpa kI bhAMti hamAre mAmane Ate haiN| yadyapi yaha patha atyanta kaTina thA; kintu hama unake kRtana hai ki usa mArga para jaba ve eka vAra cale to na to unake paira make aura na ddgmgaaye| unhoMne anta taka usakA nirvAha kiyaa| tyAga aura tapa ke jIvana ko rasamaya zabdoM meM prastuta karanA kaTina hai, kiMtu phira bhI isa mundara jIvana meM kitane hI mArmika sthala haiM, nathA kitanI hI emI rekhAeM haiM jo unake mAnavIya rUpa ko mAkAra banAtI haiM: ___ satya, ahiMsA aura brahmacarya, tapa aura aparigraha rUpI mahAna AdA~ ke pratIka bhagavAna mahAvIra hai| ina mahAvratoM ko akhaNDa mAdhanA meM unhoMne jIvana kA adhigamya mArga nirdhArita kiyA thA aura bhautika zarIra ke pralobhanoM se Upara uThakara adhyAtma bhAvoM kI zAzvata vijaya sthApita kI thii| mana, vANI aura karma kI mAdhanA ucca ananta jIvana ke lie kitanI dUra taka saMbhava hai, isakA udAharaNa tIthaMkara mahAvIra kA jIvana hai| isa gaMbhIra prajJA ke kAraNa AgamoM meM mahAvIra ko doghaMprajJa kahA gayA hai| aise tIrthakara kA carita dhanya hai|
Page #18
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ loka-kalyANa kI kAmanA se jo tapa karate haiM, unako hamArA praNAma / vanvanAtmaka jar3a tattva para vijaya pAkara jisa dina mahAvIra svAmI ke jIvana meM Atma caitanya kA prakAza huA vaha unake jIvana kA prathama prabhAta thaa| use hI zAstroM meM zrI-sUryodaya' kahA gayA hai| pratyeka sunahalI uSA isI prakAra ke zrI-sampanna sUryodaya kA saMdeza hamAre lie lAtI hai| pratidina bar3hatI huI Ayu ke sAtha hama isa saMdeza kA adhikAdhika sAkSAtkAra kara sakeM, yahI dainika paryavekSaNa ke dvArA hama savakA prayatna honA caahiye| -DA. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla 00 tIrghakara mahAvIra, jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, pUrva-pIThikA; mahAvIra DAyarI mAdi se|
Page #19
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ gAMdhAra pannagapadopapade va vive datvA phaNAvadIdhapo vidhivatsa tAmyAm / dhIro visaya naya vidvinitI kumArI svAvAsameva ca jagAma etessttkaary| -janAcArya jinasena, Adi purANa 19 / 185 (isa prakAra nayoM ko jAnane vAle dhIra-vIra dharaNendra ne una donoM ko gAndhAra padA aura pannagapadA nAma kI do vidyAeM dI aura phira apanA kArya pUrA kara vRSabhadeva ke caraNoM meM vinaya se jhake hue donoM rAjakumAroM ko chor3akara apane nivAsa sthAna para calA gyaa|) . . .' *"*"TS (gAndhAra vidyA pannaga vidyA ceti dve vidye) ___ sIla naM. 115/1926-30 sindhu-ghATI-mohana-jo-dAro .... . -'nami aura vinami prajApati vRSabhadeva ke sAtha ho gaye, ve vRSabhadeva se rAjya mA~ga rahe the; kintu vRSabhadeva mauna the| usa samaya nAgarAja vRSabhadeva kI vandanA karane aayaa| usa nAgarAja ne namivinami ko ukta donoM vidyAe~ dI aura unake lie vaitADya parvata para uttara va dakSiNa zreNI meM kramazaH 60 aura 50 nagara vsaaye| * 'nami vinarmANa jAyaNa, nAgindo vejjadANa veyaDDhe / uttara dAhiNa seDhI, saTThI panAma nagarAI |'-naavshyk niyukti 340 gaMdhava (prAkRta), gaMdharva (saMskRta), gandaravA (avestA), kenTArama (yuunaan)|
Page #20
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ VE " : "AJAN . PA . . : . A PER MATHA (paTanA, purAtattva-saMgrahAlaya. prApta 1912 I.) . .. kintu eka dUsarA pramANa jo sandeha rahita hai, mAmane A jAtA hai| vaha paTanA ke lohAnIpura muhalle se prApta eka nagna kAyotmarga mati hai| usa para mauryakAlIna bhopa yA camaka hai aura zrI kAzIprasAda jAyasavAla se lekara Aja taka ke sabhI vidvAnoM ne use tIryakara-pratimA mAnA hai| usa dizA meM vaha mati aba taka kI upalabdha sabhI bauddha tathA bAhmaNa dharma-mambandhI matiyoM se prAcIna ThaharatI hai| kaliMgAdhipati khAravela ke hAthIgampha zilAlekha se bhI jJAta hotA hai ki kumArI parvata para jina pratimA kA pUjana hotA thaa| ina saMketoM se bhI iMgita hotA hai ki jainadharma kI yaha aitihAsika paramparA aura manazruti atyanta prAcIna thii| -DaoN. vAsudevazaraNa agravAla
Page #21
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ...."ukta naMdivardhana ne magadha sAmrAjya ko, jo ajAtazatra ke samaya se hI bananA prAraMbha ho gayA thA, aura bhI bddh'aayaa| usane kaliMga ko bhI jIta liyA thA tathA vahA~ se lUTakara aura nidhiyoMke sAtha jina (jaina tIrthaMkara) kI mUrti bhI le AyA thaa| I. pU. 5 vIM zatI meM jaina mRttiyA~ banane kA yaha akATya pramANa hai| isI samaya ke kucha pIche kRSNa kI mUrti ke astitva kA anumAna hotA hai|' 00 1 rUparekhA, jilda 2, pR. 624. 2 bhAratIya mUrti-kalA, paMcama saMskaraNa, lekhaka-rAyakRSNadAsa, nAgarI pracAriNI sabhA, kaashii|
Page #22
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ pArasa Abaka bAhala.. lakha ni ragaTa uta za babara ( ho 6 'kAmboja kavizA patha apAra samudra sopora jyotigaya bl. maru vAravadaravAra prabhAga. gAMdhAra dIva bhopNAraya bhinamAla AbU zA AbhIra 2500 varSa pUrva mahAvIra kAlIna bhArata malla Hsvb marakaTTa vaNavAmI NA patha 2) itaka bhutibaMda vidarbha muha sabara godAvarI kailAza pajjata ti voTa (tAmpAraNa jo hin tAna P. bhannubha Miss utkala pUrva samudra kAmarUpa sakhArAma (prAgajyotiSa kAlamA
Page #23
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jIvana-tathya saura mAna se kAla-gaNanA 25 janma-sthAna 25 janma kuNDalI 26 paMcakalyANaka-tithiyA~ 27 vizava kAla-nirNaya 28 sthUla kAla-nirNaya 26
Page #24
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Page #25
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ saura mAna se kAla-gaNanA varSAyanartuyuga pUrvaka mana saurAt, mAsAstathA ca tithayastuhivAMza mAnAt / yat sUtaka cikitsaka vAsarAMdha, tatsAvanAzca ghaTikAvika mArma mAnAt / . (varSa, ayana, Rtu, yugAdi kA vicAra maura mAna se. mAsa aura tithi vicAra cAndra mAna se. kRccha vrata-sUtaka-cikitsA ke dina-vAra Adi kA vicAra sAvana-mAna se tathA ghar3I-pala Adi kA vicAra nAkSatra mAna se karanA cAhiye / ) varddhamAna mahAvIra kA janma-sthAna 1-kRNDagrAma - kAvyazikSA 2-kuMDaggAma - Avazyaka niyukti 3-kSatriyakuNDagrAma 4-kuNDalapura 5-kuNDalIpura - cAmuNDarAya (varddhamAna pugaNa) 6-kuNDapura-AcaNNa varddhamAna pug2aNa 7-sirikuNDagAma - naimicandra mUri, mahAvIra carita 8-kuNDalA - AcAryasaka lakIti 9-vaizAlI nAmakuMDe - vaizAlI ke unkhanana me prApta muhara para aMkita
Page #26
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ janma-kuNDalI janma: caitra mudI 13, momavAra, I. pU. 599; nakSatra : uttaga phAlguni, middhArthI maMvatsara (53); rAzi-kanyA, nizAnta samaya mahAdazA : bRhaspati; dazA : zani; anrtadazA : budha janma-sthAna : vaizAlI-kuNDalapura (kSatriya kuNDagrAma) pitA : siddhArtha; nAnA-ceTaka mAtA : trizalA; nAnI-subhadrA kula-nAtha, jAti-licchavi, vaMza-ikSvAku, gotra-kAzyapa 1 'dRSTe grahairatha nijottvagataH samaprailaMgne yathA patitakAlamasUta .raashii| caitre jinaM sitatRtIyajayA nizAnte somAnhi candramasi cottara phAlgunisthe / ' -prasaga kavi, vardhamAna caritra, 17 / 58. (ucca grahoM dvArA lagna ke dRSTigocara hone para, caitra zaklA trayodazI somavAra ko uttara phAlguni nakSatra para candra kI sthiti hone para nizA ke anta bhAga meM rAnI ne tIrthakara mahAvIra ko janma diyA / ) (ka) 'catra sitapakSa phAlgani zazAMka yoge dine trayodazyAm / jajJe sarvoccastheSu gRheSu saumyeSu zubhalarane / ' (kha) 'macchitA NavamAse aTTayadivase caita siypkkhe|' -jaya dhavalA, bhAga 1, pR. 78.
Page #27
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ paMca kalyANaka tithiyAM garbhakAla saMvatsara ASAr3ha za. 6 uttara-hastA, zukravAra 17 jana, 599 I. pU. janma siddhArtho ___ caitra zu. 13 uttara phA., somavAra 27 mArca, 598 I. pU. dIkSA sarvadhArI magasira kR. 10 uttara hastA, somavAra 21 disambara,569 I. pU. kevalajJAna zAyarI vaizAkha zu. 10 uttara-hastA, ravivAra 26 aprela, 557 I. pU. nirvANa zukla kArtika kR. 30 svAti, maMgalavAra 15 akTavara, 527 I. pU. 'vedazAsva prabhAva:: siDi citazca komalaH / mukumAro nRpaH pUjyaH kaviH sidAyinI naraH / / ' -mAnasAgarI pati; 52.
Page #28
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 1 - kumAra kAla 2-tapa kAla 3- dezanA kAla 4- yoganirodha 3. 4. garbhakAla 5. 28 vizada kAla - nirNaya 29 varSa 12 varSa 29 varSa 70 varSa 71 varSa 7 mAha 5 mAha 5 mAha - 6 mAha 9. mAha 18 dina 7 dina 12 ghaMTe 3 mAha 25 dina 12 ghaMTe 1. aTThAvIsaM manayamAse divase ya vAgmayaM // 30 // - jaya dha; bhAga 1, pu. 78. 2. gamaya chadumatthana vAgmavAmANi paMcamAseya / paNNarasANa diNANi ya nirayaNamuddho mahAvIrI // 32 // 12 dina 15 dina 20 dina 2 dina vAsANU NanImaM paca ya mAse ya dImadivase ya ||35|| - jaya dha, bhAga 1, pR. 81 paSThena niSThita kRnijina varddhamAnaH ||26|| - ( nirvANa bhakti) --saMskRta TIkA-papTena dina dvayena parisaMkhyAte prAyuSi sati / pracchitA navamAse praTTayadivase bahana-miyapavano / -- jaya. dha., bhAga 1. pu. 78.
Page #29
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sthUla kAla-nirNaya 1. kumAra-kAla 30 varSa 2. tapa-kAla 12 varSa 3. dezanA-kAla 10 varSa AcArya pUjyapAda ne nirvANa-bhakti ke nimnAMkita zlokoM meM mahAvIra kA kumAra-kAla 30 varSa, tapa-kAla 12 varSa aura dezanA-kAla 30 varSa mAnA hai| isa prakAra unhoMne mahAvIra kI Ayu sthala gaNanA ke anasAra 72 varSa mAnI hai|* muknavA gR mAra kAle triMzadvarpANyanaMnagaNagaNiH / ni. bha. 5. (ka) umnapIvidhAnAdaza varSANyabharapUjyaH / 10 / (ba) dezayamAnI vyaharastriMza dvarNAvyatha jinendraH / 15 / / --prAcArya pRjyapAda nirvANa bhakti (ga) "dvimaptatiH myAnamhalu vardhamAna // -varAMga caritra, mAtani, 55 noka (pa) vardhamAna mahAvIra kI parama prAya kevala 72 varSa thii|
Page #30
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ : yaha abhilekha I. pU. 443 kA hai* " miNAya' nAmaka grAma jo ajamera se 32 mIla dUra hai. paM. gaurIzaMkara hIrAcanda ojhA ( ajamera ke purAtattvAnveSI) ne eka kisAna se eka patthara prApta kiyA jisa para vaha tambAkU kUTA karatA thA / patthara para aMkita kucha akSara the jise unhoMne par3hA, akSara prAcIna lipi meM the, ve akSara the Courte 'virAya bhagavatAya caturamItivasa kArya sAlAmAliniya raMni viTa mAjjhamika / ' abhiprAya - mahAvIra bhagavAna se 84 varSa pIche zAlAmAlinI nAma ke rAjA ne mAjjhamikA nAmaka nagarI meM, jo ki pahale mevAr3a kI rAjadhAnI thI- kisI vAta kI smRti ke lie yaha lekha likhavAyA thA / yaha zilAlekha bIra ke nirvANa ke 84 varSa bAda likhAyA gayA hai / isase yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki pahale vIra nirvANa saMvat pracalita thA aura lekhAdi meM usakA upayoga kiyA jAtA thA / ukta zilAlekha ajamera myUjiyama meM surakSita hai|" yaha abhilekha seTa bhAgacanda sonI ke saujanya se prApta hudhA /
Page #31
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tion 03tun .. . . + m ... 5 F PAN ACK A.CEK . . . . AAMA -al 4 th 1-14 . -- . HAR MAO" . vaizAlI .... xy .. . - - 'vaigAlI jana kA prati pAlaka, gaNa kA Adi vidhAnA / jima lUMDhatA deza Aja uma prajAtaMtra kI mAtA / / mko eka kSaNa, pathika yahA~ miTTI ko zIza navAo / gaja siddhiyoM ko sampatti para phUla car3hAte jAo / / -rASTrakavi zrI rAmadhArIsiMha 'dinakara'
Page #32
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ * mahAtmA buddha ne licchaviyoM ko 'svarga ke devatA' kahA hai, - - (dekhI bhikkhu, licchaviyoM kI pariSad ko, bhikkhao, dekho licchaviyoM kI pariSad ko ! bhikkhuoM, licchaviyoM kI pariSad ko deva-pariSad (trayastrizaM) samajho !' devatAoM kI pariSad-sI dikhAI par3ane vAlI licchavI - paripada ko dekhakara mahAtmA gautama buddha kitane pulakita aura Ananda-vibhora ho gaye ! unhoMne deva-pariSad kI taraha use divya darzana kahA ! ) " 32 ye saMmikhave ! bhikkhunaM devA tAvatikA saSTThiA / proloketha mikkhave ! licchavanI parisaM, apaloketha, makkhave ! licchavI parisaraM ! upasaMharatha mikkhave ! licchave ! licchavI parisaraM tAvatikA sadasanti / / ' -- mahAparinivvANa mutta - 66 ON A PERIOD THE: 'zAlInAma kuNDe - kumArAmAtyAdhikaraNa (sya ) '* SEAL LEGEND VAISALI BELONGING TO THE GUPTA READS VESALINAMAKUNDE A. S. 1. R. for 1913-14 Plate XIVII (with an account on p. 134 Seal No. 200,, sindhudeze vizAlAeyapanane ceTako nRpaH / zrI majjinendra pAdAbjasevana kama bhavataH // - prAgadhanA kathA koSa 4, pR. 228, vaizAlI / 'zilpa vipayada vaMzAlI nagara manAlava paramAhucceTaka mahI patigaM / ' -- cAmuNDarAyakRta, vardhamAna purANa. pU. 265.
Page #33
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ KUMARAMATYADHIKARANA. THIS KUNDA IS CLEARLY RELATED TO "KSHATRIYAKUNDA' (SYA) BECAUSE NO OTHER KUNDA IN THF. AREA IS OTHERWISE KNOWN* ___"eka vaizAlI mudrA jo ki gAtakAlIna hai, usameM eka gAthA hai, 'vezAlInAma kaNDe, mArAmAtyAdhikaraNa (sya) jisakA tAtparya hai ki upayakta kuNDa spaSTatayA kSatriyakuNDa se sambandhita thA, kyoMki isa prakAra kA dUsarA kuNDa, isa kSetra meM daSTigocara nahIM hotaa|" __ "caubIsavaM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra (vaddhamAna) ke janma sthAna ke viSaya meM aneka mata hai| parantu yathArtha yaha hai ki mahAvIra kA janma baMgAlI ke nikaTa kuNDagrAma meM huA thA / majaphpharapura jile ke hAjIpura saba-DiTojana meM sthita vasAr3ha ho prAcIna vaizAlI hai| kuNDagrAma ko Ajakala vAsuNDa kahate haiN| licchuAi kSatriya kRNDa yA kuNDalapura hI mahAvIra kA vAstavika janma-sthAna hai| prAcIna licchaviyoM kI gajaghAnI baizAlI ko hI Ajakala vamAda kahate haiM aura mahAvIra ko videha, videhadatta, videha-mukumAra aura vaizAlika bhI kahA gayA hai| yaha niSkarSa vaigAlI nAma se nikAlA gayA hai; kyoMki mUtra kRtAMga 13 meM mahAvIra ko vaizAlika nAma diyA gayA hai| vaizAlika kA artha antatogatvA vaizAlI kA rahane vAlA hai| ataH mahAvIra kA yaha nAma upayakta hI thA javaki kuNDagrAma vaizAlI ke nikaTastha thA / middhAtha kI patnI trizalA rAjA ceTaka ko putrI thI, jo ki vaizAlI ke gajA the| unheM vaidehI yA videhadanA kahA jAtA hai kyoMki va videha ke zAsaka vaMza meM paidA huI thii| isa prakAra mahAvIra kA apane samaya meM vegAlI ke mahatvapUrNa licchavI gaNataMtra kSatriyoM meM rakta-mamvandha thaa| * A.S.I. R. for 1913-14; Plate xivii (with an account on p. 134; Seal No. 200); An Early History of Vaishali by Dr. Yogendra Mishra; page224.
Page #34
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ "vaizAlI ke ThIka bAhara kuNDagrAma nAmaka nagara thaa| saMbhavataH vAmu kuNDa ke Adhunika grAma ke rUpa meM vaha jIvita hai aura yahIM para siddhArtha nAmaka eka sampanna rAjA rahate the jo jJAtu nAmaka eka kSatriya kula ke mukhiyA the| yahI siddhArtha vaImAna (mahAvIra) ke pitA the|" eka bauddha anuzruti ke anusAra vaizAlI nagara meM tIna bhAga the"vaizAlI ke tIna bhAga the| pahile bhAga meM 7000 sone ke gumbada vAle makAna, madhya meM 14000 cA~dI ke gumvadadAra makAna aura aMtima bhAga meM 21000 tA~ba ke gumbada vAle makAna the| ina makAnoM meM ucca, madhyama aura nimnavarga ke loga apanI-apanI sthiti ke anusAra rahate the" jainoM ke antima tIrthakara jainadharma-granthoM meM "vaizAlIya" vaizAlI ke nivAmI kahe jAte haiM aura yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki unakA janmamthAna videha kuNDagrAma meM thA / videha aura tirahuta donoM kA prayoga prAcIna lekhakoM dvArA paryAyavAco arthoM meM hotA hai|" 1. DA. jAla kASTiyara poeca. DI. upasAlA vizvavidyAlaya, kemina hisTrI praoNpha iMDiyA, jilda 1, pa. 157. 2. raoNka hila (lAipha praoNpha yuga, pR. 62) / 3. ga. TI. lAMza, mAyAnaoNjikala sarve paoNpha iMDiyA 'bamAr3a kI cudAI zoSaka, pR. 62.
Page #35
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 35 vaizAlI nagara 8000-mahala makAna (hara makAna meM udyAna aura tAlAba) 1,68,000-janasaMkhyA (vAhya nAgarika aura Antarika nAgarika) 7000-suvarNa gumvada 14000-rajata gumvada 21000-tAmra gumvada 7707-saMsad sadasya aTTha kho imA AnaMda ! parisA. . . . . . . . .. / ' artha:he Ananda ! pariSad ATha prakAra kI hotI hai| (1) kSatriya-pariSad (2) zramaNa-pariSad, (3) brAhmaNapariSad (vidvat-pariSad), (4) gahapati-pariSad, (5) cAturmahArAjika-pariSad, (6) trAyastriMza-pariSad, (7) mAra-pariSad (8) brahma-pariSad / 1. gahe he hi rAjAnaH svasya svasya priyNkraa|' mahA. mabhA. 10/2. ekaka evaM manyataM prahaM rAjA prahaM rAjA rAjeti / -lalina bimbara 3123, pR. 15. 2. mahAparinibAnamukta.
Page #36
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ nandyAvarta rAja prAsAda 'ApADhsya mitaM pakSe paSTayAM zazini cottarApAr3ha saptatala prAsAdasyAbhyantara vartini / / nandyAvataM* gRha ratnadIpikAbhiH prakAzita, ratnaparya ke haMsa-likAdi vibhaSite / / ' -AcArya gaNabhadra, mahApurANe-uttarapurANa 74 / 253-54 (ASAr3ha zakla papThI ke dina javaki candramA uttagaSAr3ha nakSatra meM thA, tava siddhArtha kI pramanna-ddhi ganI priyakAriNI trizalA sAtakhaNDa vAle rAjamahala meM ratnadIpikA prakAzita naMndyAvarta rAjaprAsAda meM haMsa-tulikA Adi me muzobhita ratna-palaMga para mo rahI thI / ayodhyA meM bhArata-cakravartI ke rAjabhavana ke eka pakSa kA nAma bhI nandyAvarta thA :) nanyAvarto nivegAsya zivirampAla dhIyasaH / prAsAdo vaijayannAkhyo yaHsarvatra makhAvahaH / / -prAcArya jinasena, prAdipurANa 33/147.
Page #37
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tIrthaMkara mahAvIra bhUpati mauli mANikya siddhArtho nAma bhUpatiH / kuNDagrAma purasvAmI tasya putro jino'vatu // - kAvya zikSA 31 ( kuNDa grAma* nAmaka nagara ke kSatriya rAjanya nRpati siddhArtha rAjAoM ke mukuTamaNi haiM / unake putra mahAvIra tIrthaMkara hamArI rakSA kareM / ) jaba grISma kA sUrya apanI prakhara kiraNoM se jagat ko saMtapta kara DAlatA hai, pakSiyoM kA unmukta gagana vihAra vanda ho jAtA hai, svacchanda vihArI hiraNoM kI khule maidAna kI AmodamayI krIr3A ruka jAtI hai, asaMkhya prANaghAriyoM kI tRSA bujhAne vAle sarovara sUkha jAte haiM, unakI sarasa miTTI bhI nIrasa ho jAtI hai, janatA kA AvAgamana avaruddha ho jAtA hai, prANadAyaka vAyu bhI tapta l banakara prANahAraka vana jAtI hai, samasta thalacara, nabhacara prANI asahya tApa se trAhi-trAhi karane lagate haiM / taba, jagat kI usa vyAkulatA ko dekhakara prakRti karavaTa letI hai, AkAza meM sajala kAle vAdala chA jAte haiM, maMsAra kA santApa miTAne ke lie unameM se zItala jala-vindu Tapakane lagate haiM. vAppa ( bhApa ) ke rUpa meM pRthvI se liye hue jala- RNa ko AkAza sUda-sameta cukAne ke lie jaladhArA kI jhar3I vA~dha detA hai / jisameM pRthvI na kevala apanI pyAsa bujhAtI hai, apitu asaMkhya vyaktiyoM ko pyAsa 'pratha dezo'sti vistArI jambudvIpasya bhArate videha iti vikhyAtaH svargakhaNDa mamaH zriyaH / navAkhaNDalanevAlI padminI khaNDamaNDanam sukhAMbha: kuNDamAbhAti nAmnA kuNDapuraM puram / / ' --prAcArya jinasena, harivaMza purANa 1/211-5
Page #38
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 38 bujhAne ke lie apanA bhaMDAra bhI bhara letI hai, janatA ke Amoda-pramoda ke liye harI ghAsa kI cAdara bhI vichA detI hai, samasta jagat kA santApa dUra ho jAtA hai aura sabhI manuSya pazu-pakSI Ananda kI dhvani karane lagate haiM / isI taraha svArtha kI Ar3a meM jaba durAcAra - atyAcAra saMsAra meM phaila jAtA hai; dIna, hIna, niHzakta prANI nirdayatA kI cakkI meM pisane lagate haiM, rakSaka jana hI unake bhakSaka bana jAte haiM, svArthI dayAhIna mAnava dharma kI dhArA adharma kI ora mor3a detA hai, dIna asahAya prANiyoM kI karuNa pukAra jaba koI nahIM sunatA tava prakRti kA karuNa srota bahane lagatA hai / vaha aisA parAkramI sAhasI vIra lA khar3A karatI hai, jo atyAcAriyoM ke atyAcAra ko miTA detA hai* ; dIna-duHkhI prANiyoM kA saMkaTa dUra karatA hai aura janatA ko satpatha dikhAtA hai / Aja te 2600 varSa pahile bhArata kI vasundharA bhI pApa bhAra se kA~pa uThI thI / janatA jina logoM ko apanA dharma guru purohita mAnatI thI, dharma kA avatAra samajhatI thI, una hI kA mukha raktamA~sa kA lolupa vana gayA thA, ataH ve apanI lolupatA zAnta karane ke lie svarga, rAjya putra dhana Adi kA pralobhana dekara bholI - abodha janatA se havana karAte the unameM vakarI Adi anaka muka, nirIha ora niraparAdha pazuoM, yahA~ taka ki kabhI-kabhI dharma ke nAma para kulla karake unake mA~sa kA havana karate the| jJAnahIna janatA una svArthI. mAna hue dharma-guruoM ke vacanoM ko paramAtmA kI vANI tamajhakara dayAhIna pApa ko dharma samajha baiThI thI isa taraha dIna, nirbala, asahAya pazuoM kI karuNA-janaka AvAja sunane vAlA koI na thA / isa prakAra mA~sa- lolupa dharmAndhoM kA svArtha aura janatA kA ajJAna usa pApa kRtya kA saMcAlana kara rahA thA usa samaya AvazyakatA thI 'prAcArANAM vidhAnena kudRSTInAM ca sampadAm / dharmaglAni pariprAptamucchrayante jinonamAH / / ' 'bisaya virato mamaNAM chahasavara kAraNaM bhAUNa / titthayara nAmakammaM baMdha prahareNa kAleNa / / ' - padma purANa 5/206 --bhAvapAhuDa 76.
Page #39
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ jana-sAdhAraNa ko jJAna kA prakAza dene kI-aura patha-bhraSTa dharmAndhoM kA hRdaya vadalane kI. jisase bhArata kA pApa-bhAra halkA hotA aura pApa ko durgandha deza se dUra hotii| usa samaya dhana-jana pUrNa vizAla nagarI 'vaizAlI' gaNatantra zAsana kI kendra banI huI thii| usa licchavI gaNatantra zAsana ke gaNanAyaka the rAjA ceTaka' / ceTaka kI guNavato triloka sundarI putriyoM meM se eka kA nAma thA 'trizalA / trizalA kA kuNDalapura (kuNDa grAma) ke zAsaka jJAtavaMzIya kSatriya rAjA siddhArtha ke sAtha uttama tithi para pANi-grahaNa huA thA, rAno trizalA rAjA siddhArtha ko bar3hata priya thI, ataH usakA apara nAma priyakAriNI bhI prasiddhi pA cakA thA, trizalA sarvaguNa-saMpannA Adarza nArI thii| eka samaya rAtri ko java rAnI trizalA naMdyAvarta rAjabhavana meM, Ananda se so rahI thI. tava use rAtri ke antima pahara meM solaha sundara svapna dikhAyI diye: 1. hAthI, 2. baila, 3. siMha, 4. lakSmI 5. do mAlAeM, 6. candramA, 7. sUrya, 8. do maliyA~, 9. jala se bharA suvarNa kalaza, 10. tAlAva, 11. samadra, 12. sihAsana, 13. devoM kA vimAna, 14. dharaNendra kA bhavana, 15. ratnoM kA Dhera, 16. ni ma agni| vaha rAtri ASAr3ha mudI 6 kI thI, usa samaya hamta nakSatra thaa| svapnoM ko dekhakara trizalA rAnI kI nAMda mkhala gii| 'ina mvAnoM kA kyA phala hogA ? ' trizalA ko yaha jAnane ko bahuta unkaNThA huii| ataH prabhAta samaya ke kArya samApta karake mnAna karane ke anantara vaha 'mAM caMDavA maavo|-paatr. ca. u. 168 ceTakama shraavko|' vipaSTi. 1.618 'navinaya vikramAdi guNapaMTakane nipa ceTaka gajaMgamanula maubhAgya bhadrenimida mubhadraMga / / -prAcapNa, vardhamAna. pagaNa 156/53 mAtA-yamya-prabhAna kampiti bRpabho mihapItaM ca lakSmI / mAnAyugmaM gaNAMka viUpayugala mRNaM kumbhI naTAkaM // pAyodhi siMha geTa muggaNanibhRtaM vyomayAnaM manoja / bAdAmI nAgavAmaM maNi gaNa zikhinI ta jinaM naumi bhkyaa|| // 1 //
Page #40
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bar3I umaMga ke sAtha rAjA siddhArtha ke pAsa phuNcii| rAjA siddhArtha ne trizalA ko bar3e sammAna aura prema ke sAtha apanI vAyIM ora siMhAsana para baiThAyA aura muskarAte hue Ane kA kAraNa puuchaa| . rAnI trizalA ne madhura vANI meM prabhAta se kucha pUrva dekhe hue molaha su-svapna munAye aura gajA siddhArtha se ina svapnoM ke prakaTa phala puuche| __rAjA siddhArtha nimitta-zAstra ke vettA (jAnakAra) the, unhoMne trizalA rAnI ke dekhe hue svapnoM kA phala jAnakara bar3I prasannatA ke sAtha rAnI meM kahA ki tuma eka maubhAgyazAlI, valavAna, tejasvI, atizaya jJAnI, mahAna guNI, yazasvI, jagat ke uddhAraka, muktigAmI putra kI mAtA vnogii| Aja vaha tumhAre udara meM avatarita huA hai| isakI zubha sUcanA dene ke lie hI ye svapna tumheM dikhAyI diye hai| pasvapnapUrva jIvAnAM na hi nAtu shubhaashubhm|| -kSatra cUr3AmaNi 1 / 12 apane ghara atyanta maubhAgyazAlI jIva kA Agamana jAnakara rAjA siddhArtha aura rAnI trizalA ko bahuta harSa huaa| ve usa dina kI pratIkSA karane lage, jaba unheM putra-makha dekhane kA maMgala avasara prApta hogaa| devoM ne ina maMgala kSaNoM meM rAjA siddhArtha ke ghara vahata utsava kiyaa| usI dina se 56 kumArikA deviyAM trizalA rAnI ko mevA karane ke lie niyukta huii| ina deviyoM ne rAnI trizalA kI garbhAvasthA meM bahuta acchI paricaryA kii| rAnI kI cira-niyukta paricArikA priyaMvadA bhI rAnI kI sukha-suvidhA meM pUrA yoga de rahI thI : priyaMvadA ne rAnI ko kisI bhI taraha zArIrika tathA mAnasika kaSTa nahIM hone diyaa| vividha manoraMjanoM dvArA usane rAnI trizalA kA citta prasanna rakhA, unheM kisI taraha kA kheda na hone diyaa| "miDArya napani tanayo bhArata vAsye videha kumrpure| denyA priyakAriyAM musvapnAnsaMpradArya vibhuH // ' -nirvANa bhakti 4.
Page #41
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ janmotsava nau mAsa sAta dina vAraha ghaMTe vyatIta hone para caitra zuklA yAdazI* ke zubha dina aryamA yoga meM rAnI trizalA ne eka anupama, tejasvI, sAMga sundara putra ko prAcI se hone vAle sUryodaya kI bhA~ti, janma diyaa| usa samaya samasta jagat meM zAnti kI lahareM vijalI kI taraha phaila giiN| nArakIya yaMtraNAoM se nirantara duHkhI jIvoM ko bhI usa kSaNa meM zAnti kI sA~sa milii| samasta kuNDalapura meM Ananda-bherI vajane lgii| sArA nagara harSa meM nimagna ho gyaa| putra-janmotsava ke upalakSya meM rAjA siddhArtha ne vahuta dAna kiyA aura rAjyotsava mnaayaa| java maudharma kA indrAsana svayaM kampita ho uThA tava indra ko avadhijAna se jJAta haA ki kuNDalapUra ma antima tIrthaMkara kA janma huA hai / vaha tatkAla samasta deva-parivAra ko sAtha lekara, nRtya-gAna karate hue kuNDalapura aayaa| vahA~ rAjabhavana meM pahu~ca usane agaNita maMgala mahotsava manAye / kuNDalapura kA kaNa-kaNa una devotsavoM meM gUMja utthaa| indra ne mAtA trizalA kI stuti karate hae kahA "mAtA, ta jaganmAtA hai| tega putra vizva kA uddhAra krNgaa| jagat kA bhrama aura ajJAna dUra karake vizva kA patha-pradarzaka vnegaa| tU dhanya hai ! ima jagat meM tujha jaimI bhAgyazAlinI mAtA koI aura nahIM hai|" indra ne rAjA siddhArtha kA bhI vahRta sammAna kiyaa| tadanantara indrANI usa navajAta vAlaka ko prasUti-gaha me vAhara le AyI aura mAtA ke pAsa eka anya kRtrima vAlaka rakha aayii| indra usa vAla tIrthakara ko goda meM lekara gavata hAthI para Amr3ha ho, mumeru parvata * 'mita pakSa phAlgani gAMgakAMge dinaM trayodagyA / jo svonmastheSu paTTaSu momyeSa mubhalI // ' -nirvANa bhakti 5. 'pArthiva pAranaM tIrthakadRdayAcalaM prAptAnekArya paripAlina budha mArca nikAya neyolane kRtArtha / / -prAvaNa, vardhamAna. pu. (kannar3a) 13/36.
Page #42
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 42 * para gayA / vahA~ siMhAsana para vAla tIrthaMkara kA abhiSeka kiyA / abhiSeka ke bAda kumAra tIrthaMkara ko jaba indrANI poMcha rahI thI taba ve unake kapola-pradeza ke jala - vinduoM ko sukhAne meM asamartha rahIM / jyoM-jyoM jitanA ve unheM poMchatI thIM, tyoM-tyoM ve utane hI vizeSa damaka uThate the / tadanantara indrANI kI bhrAnti svayaM hI dUra ho gayI; kyoMki vAstava meM ve jala kI baMdeM nahIM apitu indrANI ke AbhUSaNoM kaM prativimva mAtra the jo tIrthaMkara ke svaccha vadana para damaka kara jala- vinduoM kI bhrAnti utpanna kara rahe the / tIrthaMkara svabhAvataH sundara the, unheM sundara vastrAbhUSaNa pahinAye gaye aura khava harSotsava kiyA gyaa| naMdyAvarta rAja prAsAda ke dhvaja para siMha kA cihna thA, ataH antima tIrthaMkara kA caraNa cihna 'siMha' rakhA gayA / janma samaya me hI rAjA siddhArtha kA vaibhava, yaza, pratApa, parAkrama adhika bar3hane lagA thA, isa kAraNa usa vAlaka kA nAma' vardhamAna " rakhA gyaa| 1- SoDazAbharaNa dhanvA zekhara paTTahAra padakaM graiveyakAlaMbakam / keyugaM gadamadhya baMdhUra kaTImutraM ca madrAnvitam / / cacatkuMDala karNapUra pANi ye kaMkaNama / majI kaTakaM pade jinapateH zrI gadhamadrAMkitama / ' rAjakumAra mahAvIra ke solaha prAbhaSaNoM kA varNana yahAM prastuta hai- 1- zekhara pahAra : padaka 4-praveyaka 5- prAlaMbaka 6-keyara - aMgada - madhyara - kaTIsUtra 10 - mahA 11 - cacala kuMDala 10 - varNapura 13 -kaMkaNa 18-maMjIra 15 - kaTaka 16- zrIgaMdha / 'mahAdhvajA / ' iti hemacandraH / miTTI lAMchanAnyatAM / pratiSThA 11 / 3. 'nadgarbhana pratidina svakulasya lakSmI davA madA vidhakalAmiva vardhamAnAna sArdhaM muraM bhaMgavatAM dazame tamya zrI vardhamAna iti nAma cakAra rAjA / 2. -vardhamAna caritra. 17-21.
Page #43
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ abhiSekotsava ke pazcAt indra airAvata hAthI para savAra hokara rAjamArga se kuNDalapura aayaa| vAla-tIrthaMkara vardhamAna ko indrANI punaH mAtA trizalA ke pAsa liTA AyI; tadanantara samasta deva-parivAra lauTa gyaa| yaha samaya pUrvavartI teisaveM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ke 250 varSa pIche kA tathA IsA se 599 varSa pahale kA thaa| tIrthakara vardhamAna zukla pakSa kI dvitIyA ke candramA ke samAna bar3hane lge| apanI vAla-lIlAoM se mAtA-pitA, samasta rAja-parivAra ko Anandita karane lge| janma se hI unake zarIra meM aneka anupama vizeSatAeM thIM-jaise, unakA zarIra anupama mundara thA, zarIra ke samasta aMga-upAGga pUrNa evaM ThIka the, koI bhI aMga lezamAtra hIna. adhika, choTA yA var3A nahIM thA; zarIra se sugandha AtI thI, pamInA nahIM AtA thaa| ve valazAlI the, unake zarIra kA rakta dUdha kI taraha pavitra thaa| unakI pAcana-zakti asAdhAraNa thI, jisase unheM mala-mUtra nahIM hotA thA; vANI vahuta madhura thI; zaMkha, cakra, kamala, yava, dhanuSa Adi 1008 zubha lakSaNa evaM cihna unake zarIra meM the| ve janma se hI mahAna jJAnI (avadhijJAnI) the| jisa taraha vAharI padAthoM ko jAnane ke lie unako jJAna-jyoti asAdhAraNa thI, umI taraha unameM AdhyAtmika svAnubhUti bhI alaukika thI, pUrvabhava me udIyamAna kSAyika samyaktva (avinAzI-mvAtmAnubhava) unako thaa| aimI aneka anupama mahimAmayI vizeSatAoM ke puja tIrthaMkara the / uttarottara var3hate hA java tIrthakara varddhamAna ko vaya ATha varSa kI huI. taba unhoMne vinA preraNA ke svayaM Atmazuddhi kI dizA meM paga bar3hAte hue himA. asatya, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha ina pAMca pApoM ke AMzika tyAga kI pratijJA karake ahiMmA, matya, acArya, * 'pAzvazatIrtha mantAne paMcAzad dvizatAbda ke nadabhyantara bAtyamahAvIroja gAtavAn / / ' unapugaNa 27, pR. 462.
Page #44
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ brahmacarya aura sImita parigraha rUpa paMca aNuvratoM kA AcaraNa kiyaa| 'svAyurAvaSTa varSamyaH sarveSAM parato bhavat / uditASTa kavAyANAM tIvAM deza saMyamaH // ' -AcArya guNamadra, uttara purANa, 6 / 35 vaImAna ke nAmAntara zrI varddhamAna tIrthaMkara ke asAdhAraNa jJAna kI mahimA sunakara maMjayaMta aura vijayaMta nAmaka do cAraNa Rddhi-dhAraka muni apanI tattva-viSayaka kucha zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna karane ke lie unake pAsa Aye; kintu zrI varddhamAna tIrthaMkara ke darzana karate hI unakI zaMkAoM kA samAdhAna svayaM ho gayA, unheM samAdhAna ke lie kucha pUchanA na par3A, yaha Azcarya dekhakara una muniyoM ne tIrthaMkara varddhamAna kA apara nAma 'sanmati' rakha diyaa|' 'taravArSanirNayAtmApyA sanmatitvaM subodhavAk / pUgyo bAgamAdbhavAtrAkalaMkAbabhUviSa // ' -uttarapurANa 73 / 2 eka dina kuNDalapura meM eka bar3A hAthI madonmatta hokara gajazAlA me vAhara nikala bhaagaa| vaha mArga meM Ane vAle strI-puruSoM ko kucalatA huA, vastuoM ko asta-vyasta karatA huA idhara-udhara ghUmane lgaa| use dekhakara kuNDalapura kI janatA bhayabhIta ho uThI aura prANa vacAne ke lie yatra-tatra bhAgane lgii| nagara meM bhArI uthala-puthala maca gyii| zrI varddhamAna anya vAlakoM ke sAtha krIr3A kara rahe the. madonmatta hAthI udhara hI jA jhpttaa| hAthI kA kAla jaisA vikarAla rUpa dekha, 1. sanmatirmahAtIrI mahAvIro'ntya kaashypH| nApAyayo varSamAno yattImiha mAmpratam // ' -dhanaMjaya nAmamAlA 115 'palaM tariti taM bhaktyA vibhUSyovibhUSaNa / boraH zrIparSamAnavatvasyAhitavaM vyadhAt / / -uttarapurANa, 74/276. 2. 'manonukataMca bonukataM nAnAvidhaM krIDanamAcaranti / / ye bharatA jinavAlakela te santu nAmI kulajAH kumaaraaH|| -prati.
Page #45
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ khelane vAle vAlaka bhayabhIta hokara idhara-udhara bhAge parantu varddhamAna ne nirbhaya hokara kaThora zabdoM meM hAthI ko lalakArA / hAthI ko varddhamAna kI lalakAra siMha-garjanA se bhI adhika prabhAvazAlI pratIta huI ataH vaha sahamakara khar3A ho gyaa| bhaya se usakA mada sUkha gyaa| tava varddhamAna usake mastaka para jA car3he aura apanI vajra muSTiyoM (makkoM) ke prahAra se use vilkula nirmada kara diyaa| ___ tava kuNDalapura kI janatA ne rAjakumAra varddhamAna kI nirbhayatA aura vIratA kI vahuta prazaMsA kI aura varddhamAna ko 'vIra' nAma se pukArane lagI, isa taraha rAjakumAra varddhamAna kA tIsarA nAma 'vIra' prasiddha hogayA / eka dina saMgama nAmaka eka deva atyanta bhayAnaka vipadhara kA rUpa dhAraNa kara rAjakumAra kI nirbhIkatA tathA zakti kI parIkSA karane aayaa| jahAM para varddhamAna kumAra anya kizora vAlakoM ke sAtha eka vRkSa ke nIce khela rahe the / vahA~ vaha vikarAla sarpa pukAra mAratA huA usa vRkSa se lipaTa gyaa| use dekhakara saba lar3ake vahuta bhayabhIta hue apane-apane prANa bacAne ke lie ve idhara-udhara bhAgane laga, cItkAra karane lage. kucha bhaya se macchita hokara pRthvI para gira par3e; parantu kumAra varddhamAna sarpa ko dekhakara raMca mAtra bhI na ddre| unhoMne nirbhayatA pUrvaka sarpa ke sAtha kor3A kI aura use dUra kara diyaa| tava rAjakumAra varddhamAna kI nirbhayatA dekhakara vaha deva bahuta prasanna huA aura usane pragaTa hokara varddhamAna tIrthakara kI stuti kI evaM unakA nAma 'mahAvIra' rakhA aura vAlaka kI kadhe para biThAkara nRtya karane lagA / kumAra varddhamAna ke atirikta anya tIna kumAra thecalaghara, kAkaghara aura pakSadhara / * 'baTavakSamarthakadA mahAntaM maha DibhagAdhikApa vardhamAnam / gmamANamudIkSya maMgamAkhyo vibudhastrAyina mamAmamAt / / ' -pramaga mahAkavikRta, varSamAna pagtri, /65.. 'saMgamakaneMbadevaM tAM gaDakalunumidaM bhaya gahinyaM / / -pAcaNNa, vardhamAna pu. 14/67.
Page #46
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 46 bakare jaise mukhavAlA saMgamadeva jo vardhamAna kI nirbhayatA se prabhAvita hokara unheM kandhe para baiThAye nRtya-vibhora hai' vivAha kA upakrama rAjakumAra varddhamAna janma se hI sarvAMga sundara the, kintu jaba unhoMne kaizorya samApta karake yauvana meM padArpaNa kiyA tava unakI mundaratA unake aMga-pratyaMga se aura adhika jhA~kane lagI / unake asAdhAraNa jJAna, bala, parAkrama, teja, tathA yauvana kI vArtA prasiddha ho cukI thI, yaha prasaMga senApati cAmuNDarAya kRta' varSamAna purANam' (kannar3a bhASA) ke pRSTha 261 para pAyA hai| prastuta citra yamunA, mathurA se prApta 8 iMcI mati-zilApaTTa kA hai / yaha madhurA purAtattva saMgrahAlaya, saMgraha saM. 1115 (harInAI gaNena) kI kuSANa kAlIna pratimAntargata hai| krIDArata rAjakumAra hai-ImAna, baladhara, kAkaghara, pakSadhara /
Page #47
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ataH aneka rAjAoM kI ora se mahAvIra ke sAtha apanI-apanI rAjakumArI ke pANigrahaNa prastAva Ane lge| kaliMga-nareza rAjA jitazatru kI suputrI rAjakumArI yazodA una saba rAjakumAriyoM meM triloka sundarI evaM sarvaguNa sampanna navayavatI thI; ataH rAjA siddhArtha aura trizalA ne varddhamAna kumAra kA pANigrahaNa usI ke sAtha karane kA nirNaya kiyA; tadanasAra ve rAjakumAra kA vivAha vahuta bar3e samAroha ke sAtha karane ke lie taiyArI karane lge| apane vivAha kI vAta java kumAra mahAvIra ko jJAta huI to unhoMne use svIkAra na kiyaa| mAtA-pitA ne bahuta kucha samajhAyA parantu kumAra varddhamAna vivAha bandhana meM baMdhane ke lie tatpara na hue| yauvana ke samaya svabhAva se nara-nAriyoM meM kAma-vAsanA pravala vega se udIyamAna ho uThatI hai, usa kAmavega ko rokanA sAdhAraNa manuSya ke sAmarthya se bAhara ho jAtA hai| manuSya apane pravala parAkrama se mahAn valavAna vanarAja siMha ko, bhayAnaka vikarAla gajagaja ko vaza meM kara letA hai, mahAna yoddhAoM kI vizAla maMnA para vijaya prApta kara letA hai, kintu use kAmadeva para vijaya pAnA kaThina ho jAtA hai / maMsAra meM puruSa-strI, paza-pakSI Adi samasta jIva kAmadeva ke dAma vane hA hai| isI kAraNa nara-nArI kA mithuna (jor3A) kAma-zAnti ke lie janma-bhara viSaya-vAsanA kA kIr3A banA rahatA hai| usa adamya kAma "jinendra vIramya mamudbhavonmave tadAganaH kuNDapuraM muhunpara: mupUjitA kuNDapurasyabhUbhRtA nRpAdhyamAbaNDala tulya vikrama : / / yazodayAyAM mutayA yazodayA pavitrayA vIra vivAha maMgalaM aneka kanyA parivArayA ruhatmamIkSituM taMga manorathaM nadA / / svitAvanA tapasi svayaM bhuvi prajAta kaivalyavizAlalocane / jagati bhUtyai viharatyapi miti ziti vihAya sthita vAstapamyayam / / -harivaMza purANa, 66/6.
Page #48
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 48 vAsanA kA lezamAtra bhI prabhAva kSatriya navayuvaka rAjakumAra varddhamAna ke hRdaya para na huaa| - rAjakumAra mahAvIra ne kahA ki maiM jagat ke jIvoM ko mithyA masAra-baMdhana se mukta hone kA mArga vatAne AyA hU~ phira maiM svayaM gRhasthAzrama ke bandhana meM kyoM paDaM ? phailI huI hisA, ajJAna, bhrama, durAcAra, atyAcAra kA maMsAra se nirAkaraNa karane kA mahAn kArya mere sAmane hai ; ataH maiM kAmAgni kA dAsa vanakara apanI zakti kA apavyaya nahIM kara sktaa| apane putra kA ucca dhyaya siddha karane ke lie brahmacarya ko aTala bhAvanA jAnakara rAnI trizalA aura rAjA siddhArtha cupa raha gye| unhoMne mocA ki varddhamAna hamArA putra hai, vaya meM hamase choTA hai, kintu jJAna, AcAra-vicAra meM hamameM bahuta bar3A hai| hita-ahita kI vArtA tathA kartavya kA nirdeza hama ume kyA samajhAyaM, vaha sAre jagat ko samajhA sakatA hai; ataH vaha jasa punIta patha meM Age bar3hanA cAhatA hai, hameM usameM bAdhA DAlanA ucita nhiiN| __ aisA parAmarza karake unhoMne kAlaga-nareza jitazatru ke rAjakumAra varddhamAna ke sAtha yazodA ke vivAha kA prastAva asvIkAra kara diyA aura phira kabhI varddhamAna ko vivAha karane ke lie saMketa bhI nahIM kiyaa| tIrthakara varddhamAna ke pitA rAjA siddhArtha kuNDalapura ke zAsaka ye| unake nAnA rAjA ceTaka vaizAlI-gaNatantra ke pramukha nAyaka the, ve aneka rAjAoM ke adhIzvara the. ataH rAjakumAra varddhamAna ko sava taraha ke rAja sukha prApta the| koI bhI zArIrika yA mAnasika kaSTa unheM nahIM thaa| ve yadi cAhate to pANigrahaNa karake vaivAhika kAma-sukha kA upabhoga aura kuNDalapura ke rAja siMhAsana para baiThakara rAja zAsana bhI kara sakate the; parantu jisa taraha jala meM rahatA huA kamala bhI jala se alipta rahatA hai usI taraha rAjakumAra varddhamAna sarvasukha-suvidhA
Page #49
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ sampanna rAjabhavana meM rahakara bhI saMsAra kI moha-mAyA se alipta rahe; akhaNDa vAla brahmacarya se zobhAyamAna rhe|' isa taraha rAjabhavana meM rahate hue unhoMne 28 varSa, 7 mAsa. 12 dina kA samaya brahmacarya se vyatIta kara diyaa|' saMsAra se vairAgya ___ tadanantara varddhamAna ko eka dina acAnaka apane pUrvabhavoM kA smaraNa ho aayaa| unheM jJAta huA ki 'maiM pUrvabhava meM molahaveM svarga kA indra thA, vahA~ maiM 22 sAgara taka divya bhoga-upabhogoM ko bhogatA rhaa| usameM pUrvabhava meM maiMne saMyama dhAraNa karake tIrthakara-prakRti kA vadha kiyA thA jisakA udaya isa bhava meM hone vAlA hai| isa samaya maMsAra meM dharma ke nAma para pApa aura atyAcAra phailatA jA rahA hai, ataH pApa aura ajJAna ko dUra karanA parama Avazyaka hai| jaba taka maiM maMyama grahaNa na karUMgA, tava taka maiM Atmazuddhi nahIM kara sakatA aura jaba taka svayaM zuddha-buddha 1 'vAsupUjyo mahAvIrI malli: pAvoM yadunamaH / 'kumAra' nirgatA gehAn pRthivIpatayo'pare / ' -gadma pugaNa 20/67. 'NemI mallI vIge kumAra kAlami vAmapUjyA ye pAmo viya gahidanavA mema jiNAM ragja cagmi mi / / ' --nilIyapaNanI 4 6.72. 'vIraM paridami. pAsa maniM ca vAmapujjaM ca / p.. monaNa jiNaM avamemA mAmi rAyANI / / 24 / / gaya kulamu vi jAyA vimuddha baMmemu baniya kulNg| na ca icchiyAmimaiyA kumAravAmammi pavaiyA / / :- / / ' -prAvaNyaka nikni 'vAmupUjyastathA mallinemiH pArzve'tha mAnaH / kumArAH paJca nipkAnnAH pRthivIpanayaH gre|| --kAnikayAnaprekSA, pa. 65.. 'pranirvAgadrekastribhuvanajayI kAmamubhaTaH / kumAgavasthAyAmapi nijabalAyena vijinaH / / spharaniyAnaMdaprazamapadag2ajyAya ma jinI / mahAvIra svAmI nayanapathagAmI bhavana meM / / - mahAvIgaSTaka mAtra, 'dukkara taba caraNaro khaMti khamo uragamanaMga y| appa para tulla citto moNavyaya pANabhAI y||'-mhaaviir caritra (micandra)
Page #50
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ na vana jAU~, taba taka vizva-kalyANa nahIM kara sktaa| ataH moha mamatA ke kIcar3a se bAhara nikala kara mujhe AtmavikAsa karanA caahiye| isa prakAra vairAgya-bhAvanA varddhamAna ke hRdaya meM jAgrata huI, usI samaya laukAntika deva unake sAmane A khar3e hue aura varddhamAna se kahA ki 'Apane jo saMsAra kI moha-mamatA tathA viSaya-bhogoM se virakta hokara saMyama dhAraNa karane kA vicAra kiyA hai, vaha vahuta hitakArI hai| Apa tapa, tyAga, saMyama ke dvArA hI ajara-amara pada prApta kareMge; vizva-jAtA-dRSTA vaneMge aura vizva kA uddhAra kreNge|' laukAntika devoM kI vANI sunakara varddhamAna kA vairAgya aura adhika pragAr3ha tathA avicala ho gayA, ataH unhoMne kuNDalapura kA rAjabhavana chor3akara ekAnta vana meM Atma sAdhanA karane kA dRr3ha nizcaya kara liyaa| brAhmaNoM ko rAjA siddhArtha ne kimicchaka dAna de kara manuSTa kiyaa| umI samaya indra kA Asana kampAyamAna huA, tava indra ne apane avadhijJAna meM antima tIrthakara varddhamAna ko vairAgya-bhAvanA kA samAcAra jAnA; ataH vaha deva gaNa ke mAtha tatkAla kuNDalapura ke rAjabhavana meM A phuNcaa| vahA~ usane Akara vahuta 'harSa-utsava' kiyaa| java trizalA rAnI ko rAjakumAra varddhamAna ke maMsAra se virakta hone kA samAcAra jJAta huA tava vaha putra-sneha meM vihvala ho gyii| usake hRdaya meM vicAra AyA ki 'rAjasukha meM palA haA merA putra vanaparvatoM meM nagna rahakara sardI, garmI ke kaSTa kisa taraha sahana karegA? vana-parvatoM kI ka~TIlI bhUmi kaMkarIlI bhami para apane komala naMge pairoM se kaise calegA? naMge sira dhapa, osa, varSA meM kaise rahegA? kahA~ kaThora tapazcaryA! aura kahA~ mere putra kA komala zarIra !! aisA socate hI vizalA mUcchita ho gyii| parivAra ke vyaktiyoM ne tathA dAsiyoM ne zItala upacAra se usakI mA dUra kii| Aye hue devoM ne mAtA 'dImonmukhastIrthakaro janebhyaH / kimicchakaM dAnamaho ! dado yH||' -prati. 10/1
Page #51
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ trizalA ko samajhAyA ki, mAtA! terA putra mahAn valavAna, dhIra-vIra hai, vajra-vRSabha-nArAca saMhanana vAlA hai| aba vaha usa sarvocca pada ko prApta karane jA rahA hai jisase U~cA pada aura koI hotA nhiiN| terA putra saMsAra se kevala Apa akelA hI pAra nahIM hogA balki asaMkhya vyaktiyoM ko bhI saMsAra se uttIrNa kara degaa| vIra mAtA! moha kA AvaraNa haTA de !! tu dhanya hai ! tujhe tAraNa-taraNa, vizva uddhAraka tIrthaMkara kI jananI kahakara saMsAra ananta kAla taka terA yazogAna kregaa|' devoM kA saMbodhana pAkara mAtA trizalA prabuddha huI, phira bhI hone vAle putra-viyoga se tathA yaha sAcakara ki viSadhara sarpa, bhayAnaka siMha, vAgha Adi anya jIvoM se bhare vana, parvata. guphAoM meM merA putra akelA kaise rahegA? usakA citta zokAkula rhaa| varddhamAna ne apanI mAtA, apane parivAra tathA priyajanoM ko AzvAsana dekara unase vidA lii| kuNDalapura (vaizAlI) se vAhara tagovana meM varddhamAna ko le jAne ke lie 'candraprabhA* nAmaka mundara divya pAlakI lAyI gayI / usa pAlakI meM varddhamAna virAjamAna hue| jaya-jayakAra ke harSa-ghoSa ke sAtha pahile usa pAlakI ko manuSyoM ne apane kaMdhoM para uTAyA, tadanantara indroM ne, devoM ne usa pAlakI ko apane kandhoM para rakhA aura AkAza-mArga se jJAtRkhaNDa-vana meM phuNce| vana harA-bharA thA, vahA~ zuddha vAyu kA nirvAdha saMcAra thaa| kisI taraha kA kolAhala na thA aura na mana ko kSubdha yA vilita karane vAlA koI anya padArtha thaa| usa nIrava zAnta ekAnta vana meM pAlakI lAkara rakhI gayI / tIrthakara varddhamAna usa pAlakI meM bar3e utsAha ke sAtha vAhara Aye / vahA~ eka svaccha zilA thI, jisa para indrANI na ratnacarNa meM svastika (y) kI kalApUrNa racanA kI thii| tIrthaMkara varSamAna usa para jAkara baiTha gye| tadanantara unhoMne apane zarIra ke samasta vastrAbhUSaNa 'candraprabhAyazivikAmadhigdo dRr3havanaH / aDhAM parivRDhenanaM NAM tato vidyAdharAdhipaH / / ' -unara purANa, 7:/266.
Page #52
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ para utAra diye| apane kRtrima (vanAvaTI) veSa ko haTAkara prAkRtika svataMtra, nagna, zramaNa veSa dhAraNa kiyaa| apane hAthoM se apane sira ke vAloM kA pA~ca muTThiyoM se loMca kiyA, jo zarIra se moha-tyAga kA pratIka thaa| phira 'namaH siddhebhyaH' kahate hue siddhoM ko namaskAra karake paMca mahAvrata aura picchI-kamaNDalu dhAraNa kiye aura sarva sAvadya* kA tyAga karake padmAsana lagAkara Atma dhyAna (sAmayika) meM lIna ho gye| indra na tIrthakara ke vAloM ko samudra meM kSepaNa karane ke lie ratnamaMjuSA meM rakha liyaa| isa prakAra antima tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA magasira vadI dazamI ko hasta tathA uttarA nakSatra ke madhyavartI samaya meM dIkSAutsava karake samasta indra, deva, manaSya, vidyAdhara apane-apane sthAnoM ko cale gye| vAharI vicAroM se mana ko rokakara mauna bhAva se acala Asana meM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra java Atmacintana meM nimagna hue, usI samaya unake manaH paryaya jJAna kA udaya huA, jo nikaTa bhaviSya meM kevala jJAna ke prakaTa hone kA sUcaka thA / yaha tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke Atma-abhyudaya kA prathama cihna thA / tapasyA mahAna kArya-siddhi ke lie mahAn parizrama karanA par3atA hai| zrI varddhamAna tIrthakara ko anAdi samaya kA kama-vandhana, jisane ananta zaktizAlI AtmAoM ko dIna, hIna, balahIna banAkara saMsAra ke bandoghara (jelakhAne) meM DAla rakhA hai, ko naSTa karane ke lie kaThora tapasyA karanI par3o, tadartha ve jaba Atma-sAdhanA meM nimagna ho jAte the, taba kaI dina taka eka hI Asana meM acala beThe yA khar3e rahate the| kabhI-kabhI eka mAsa taka lagAtAra Atma dhyAna karate rahate the| * 'sahapravardhana pApena vartate iti sAvadhaM-saMsAra kAraNam'
Page #53
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 53 / usa samaya bhojana-pAna banda rahatA hI thA; kintu isake sAtha bAharI . vAtAvaraNa kA bhI anubhava na ho pAtA thA zIta Rtu meM parvata para yA nadI ke taTa para athavA kisI khule maidAna meM baiThe rahate the, unheM bhayaMkara zIta kA bhI anubhava nahIM hotA thA / grISma Rtu meM ve parvata para baiThe dhyAna karate the, Upara se dopahara kI dhUpa, nIce se garama patthara, cAroM ora se lU (garama havA ) unake nagna zarIra ko tapAtI rahatI thI; kintu tapasvI varddhamAna ko usakA bhAna nahIM hotA thA / varSA Rtu meM nagna zarIra para mUsalAdhAra pAnI giratA thA, teja havA calatI thI parantu mahAn yogI tIrthaMkara mahAvIra acala Asana se AtmaciMtana meM rahate the / vana meM siMha dahAr3a rahe haiM, hAthI ciMghAr3a rahe haiM, sarpa phuMkAra rahe haiM; parantu parama tapasvI mahAvIra ko usakA kucha bhAna hI nahIM hai / prathama tapasvI mahAvIra ne kula nAmaka nagara meM nRpati dAnatIrtha vakula' ke rAja prAsAda meM AhAra grahaNa kiyA thA / java ve AtmadhyAna se nivRtta hue aura zarIra ko kucha bhojana dene kA vicAra huA to nikaTa ke gA~va yA nagara meM cale gaye / vahA~ yadi vidhi-2 -anusAra zuddha bhojana mila gayA to niHspRha bhAvanA se thor3A-sA bhojana kara liyA aura tapasyA karane vana, parvata para cale gaye / kahIM do dina Thahare, kahIM cAra dina, kahIM eka saptAha; phira vahA~ se vihAra karake kisI anya sthAna ko cale gaye / yadi sonA Avazyaka samajhate, to rAta ko pichale pahara kucha dera ke lie, eka karavaTa se so jAte / isa taraha ve AtmasAdhanA ke lie adhika-se-adhika aura zarIra kI sthiti ke lie kama-se-kama samaya lagAte the / 1 'girikandara durgeSu ye varmAnti digambarAH pANipAtrapuTAhArAnaM yantiparamAM gatim' / - yAMgi bhakti 2. 2 kulAbhidhAnadharaNIpAlaMganukalavRtti paDiyarinAMvaM / ' - prANa kavi, vardhamAna pu. 15 / 14. 'dharmo mahAtmA bakulAbhidhAnaH pravatitastaireva dAnadharmaH / / ' --varAMga caritra, pR. 273 / cAmuNDarAyakRna, vardhamAna purANa 261
Page #54
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ aisI kaThora tapazcaryA karate hue ve deza-dezAntara meM bhramaNa karate rahe, nagara yA gA~va meM kevala bhojana ke lie Ate the| usake sivAya apanA zeSa samaya ekAnta sthAna, vana, parvata, guphA nadI ke kinAre, zmazAna, vAga Adi nirjana sthAna meM bitAte the| vana ke bhayAnaka hiMsaka pazu java tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke nikaTa Ate to unheM dekhate hI unakI krUra hiMsaka bhAvanA zAnta ho jAtI thI; ataH unake nikaTa siMha, hariNa, sarpa, nyaulA, villI, cahA Adi jAti-virodhI jIva bhI dveSa, baira bhAvanA chor3akara prema, zAnti se krIr3A kiyA karate the / * candanA-uddhAra isa prakAra bhramaNa karate-karate tIrthaMkara mahAvIra eka vAra vatsa deza kI kauzAmbI nagarI meM AhAra ke lie Aye / vahA~ eka seTha ke ghara satI candanA talaghara meM vandI (kaMdI) jaise dina kATa rahI thI, vahuta vipatti meM thI, usane sunA ki tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kauzAmbI meM padhAra haiN| yaha munate hI usake hRdaya meM bhAvanA huI ki 'maiM bhagavAna ko AhAra karAU~', kintu vaha talaghara ke vandIgRha meM par3I thI, ber3iyA~ usake pairoM meM thIM, tapasvI varddhamAna ko AhAra karAye to kaise karAye ? yaha sthiti usakI cintA aura duHkha kA aura adhika kAraNa bana gii| 'yAdazI bhAvanA yasya siddhirbhavati tAdRzI' arthAt jisakI jaisI bhAvanA hotI hai, usakI kArya-siddhi bhI vaisI hI hotI hai / isa nIti ke anusAra saMyoga se tIrthaMkara mahAvIra candanA ke ghara kI ora A nikle| usI samaya saubhAgya se candanA ke pairoM kI ber3iyA~ TUTa gayIM aura vaha talaghara se vAhara nikalakara dvAra para A khar3I huii| jaise hI zrI varddhamAna usa dvAra para Aye ki candanA ne bar3e harSa aura * 'sAraMgI siMhazAvaM spRzati sutadhiyA nandinI vyAghrapotaM mArjArI haMsavAlaM praNayaparavazA keki kAntA bhujaMgam / bairANyAjanmajAtAnyapi galitamadA jantavo'nye tyajanti mitvA sAmyaikarUr3ha prazamitakaluSa yoginaM kSINamoham / / ' -mAnArNava
Page #55
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ bhakti-bhAva se unase AhAra lene kI prArthanA (par3agAhanA) ko / tIrthaMkara vahIM ruka gaye, candanA ne navadhA bhakti pUrvaka tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ko AhAra diyaa| usa samaya zubha kArya sampannatA ke sUcaka ratna-varSA Adi pA~ca Azcarya hue| candanA ke satItva kI parIkSA huI, usakA mahatva janatA meM prakaTa huA aura vaha baMdhana-mukta ho gyii| ___candanA thI to rAjA ceTaka kI rAjaputrI, kintu vAga meM jhUlate samaya eka vidyAdhara dvArA usakA apaharaNa huA thA, java usake caMgula se chaTI to maMyoga se durbhAgyavaza usa seTha ke ghara dAmI ke rUpa meM A pdd'ii| vaha navayuvatI thI evaM ati sundara thI, ata: seThAnI ne isa zaMkA se ki kahIM yaha mere pati kI prema-pAtra na vana jAe, candanA ko apane makAna ke talaghara meM ver3iyA~ pahanAkara rakha diyA thA aura use rUkhA-sUkhA bhojana diyA karatI thii| vaha abhAgI candanA maubhAgya se tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA darzana kara sakI aura unako AhAra karAne kA puNya avasara use milA evaM usakI dAsatA kI ber3iyA~ kaTa gayI, tava usakA satItva seThAnI ko bhI jJAta ho gayA; ata: seThAnI ko vahuta pazcAttApa huA aura usane candanA se ajJAna-vaza hue aparAdhoM kI kSamA maaNgii| upasarga niHsaMga vAya jisa prakAra bhramaNa karatI rahatI hai, eka hI sthAna para nahIM rukI rahatI, isI prakAra amaMga nirgrantha tIrthaMkara mahAvIra tapazcaraNa karane ke lie bhramaNa karate rhe| bhramaNa karate hue java ve ujjayinI nagarI ke nikaTa pahuMce tava vahAM nagara ke vAhara 'atimuktaka" 1 pranyadA nagare namminaMva vIramnasthinaH / praviSTavAnirIkSyAmau taM bhaktyA muknshRngkhnaa||| --unara pugaNa 756. 2. 'paDigahamuccaTANaM pAdodayamaccaNaM ca paNama c| maNavayaNa kAyamuddhI aimaNamuddhi ya NamidaM puNNaM / / ujjayinyAmathAnyedyustaM zmazAnetimuktake / vardhamAnaM mahAmattvaM pratimAyogadhAriNan / '-- --prAcArya guNabhaTa, unara purANa, 74/331.
Page #56
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ nAmaka zmasAna ko ekAnta-zAnta pradeza jAnakara vahA~ AtmadhyAna * karane Thahara gye| java rAtri kA samaya huA to vahA~ para 'sthANu' nAmaka eka rudra aayaa| usa sthANu rudra ne dhyAna-magna tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ko dekhaa| dekhate hI usane unheM dhyAna se vicalita karane ke lie ghora upamarga karane kA vicAra kiyaa| nadanasAra apane siddha vidyAvala se apanA bhayAnaka vikarAla mhapa banAyA aura kAnoM ke parde phAr3a dene vAlA aTTahAsa kiyaa| apane mukha meM agni-jvAlA nikAla kara dhyAnArUr3ha tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI ora jhpttaa| bhUta-pretoM ke bhayAnaka natya dikhalAye / sarpa, siMha, hAthI Adi ke bhayAnaka zabda kiye| la, agnivarSA kii| ityAdi aneka upadrava tIrthaMkara ko bhayabhIta karane tathA AtmadhyAna se calAyamAna karane ke lie kie; parantu use kucha bhI saphalatA na milI / na to parama tapasvI vaDhemAna raMcamAtra bhayabhIta hae aura na hI unakA citta dhyAna se calAyamAna huaa| ve usI prakAra apane acala Asana se Thahara rahe, jisa prakAra bhayAnaka A~dhI ke calate rahane para bhI parvata jyoM-kA-tyoM khar3A rahatA hai| anta meM apanA ghora upasarga viphala hote dekha, sthANa rudra capacApa calA gyaa| . kaMvalya jagat meM koI bhI padArtha vahumUlya evaM AdaraNIya vanatA hai to vaha vahuta parizrama tathA kaSTa sahana karane ke pazcAt hI vanA karatA hai / gaharI khudAI karane para miTTI-pattharoM meM milA haA bhA ratna-pASANa nikalatA hai, usako chainI, TA~kI, hathor3oM kI mAra sahanI par3atI hai, zANa kI tIkSNa ragar3a khAnI par3atI hai, tava kahIM jhilamilAtA huA vahumUlya ratna pragaTa hotA hai| agni ke bhArI santApa meM vAra-bAra pighalakara sonA camakIlA banatA hai, tabhI saMsAra usakA Adara karatA hai aura pUrNa mUlya dekara utkaMThA me kharIdatA hai| AtmA ananta vaibhava kA puMja hai, usake samAna amUlya padArtha saMsAra meM eka bhI nahIM hai| ratna kI taraha usakA vaibhava bhI anAdi
Page #57
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ kAlIna karma ke maila meM chipA huA hai / usa gahana karma - mala meM chipe hue vaibhava ko pUrNa zuddha prakaTa karane ke lie mahAn parizrama karanA par3atA hai, aura mahAn kaSTa sahana karanA par3atA hai, tava yaha AtmA parama zuddha vizvavandyA paramAtmA vanA karatA hai / tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ko bhI Atmazuddhi ke lie kaThora tapasyA karanI par3I / tapazcaraNa karate hue unakI pUrva saMcita karmarAzi nirmArNa (nirjarA) ho rahI thI, karma - Agamana ( Asrava) tathA vandha kama hotA jA rahA thA arthAt AtmA kA karma-mala kaTatA jA rahA thA yA ghaTatA jA rahA thA / ataH AtmA kA pracchanna taMja kramazaH udIyamAna ho rahA thA, AtmA karma - bhAra se halkA ho rahA thA, makti nikaTa AnI jA rahI thI / vihAra karate-karate tapasvI yogI, torthaMkara mahAvIra vihAra ( magadha ) prAntIya jRmbhikA gA~va ke nikaTa bahane vAlI 'RjakalA' nadI ke taTa para Aye / vahAM Akara unhoMne sAla vRkSa ke nIce pratimAyoga dhAraNa kiyA / ' svAtma cintana meM nimagna ho jAne para unheM sAtizaya apramattaguNa sthAna prApta huA / tadanantara cAritra mAhanIya karma kI zeSa 21 prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karane ke lie kSapaka zreNI kA AdyasthAna AThavA~ guNa sthAna huaa| tadartha prathama zukla vyAna ( pathakatva vitarka vicAra) huA / jaise UMce bhavana para zIghra car3hane ke lie sIr3hI (nirmanI) upayogI hotI hai, usI prakAra saMsAra - bhramaNa evaM karma-vandhana ke mala kAraNa durddharSa mohanIya karma kA zIghra kSaya karane ke lie kSapaka zreNI upayogI hotI hai / karma-kSaya ke yogya Atma pariNAmoM kA pratikSaNa asaMkhyAtaguNA unnata honA ho kSapaka zreNI hai / kSapaka zreNI AThaveM, nauveM, isaveM aura vArahaveM guNa sthAna meM hotI hai / ina guNa-sthAnoM meM cAritrya 1. 2. 'RjukulAyAstIre zAla drumasaMzrite zilApaTTe / aparAhna ne paSThanAsthi namya khalu nRbhikAgrAma' / / ' 'mAlazcane jindrANAM dIkSAvRkSAH prakIrtitAH / ena eva budhairjJeyAH kevalotpattizAkhinaH / ' -- nirvANa bhaktiH 11 -- pratiSThAtilaka 10 / 5.
Page #58
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 58 mohanIya kI zeSa 21 prakRtiyoM kI zakti kA kramazaH hrAsa hotA jAtA hai, pUrNa kSaya vArahaveM guNa-sthAna ma ho jAtA hai| uma mamaya AtmA ke samasta krodha, mAna, kAma, lobha, mAyA, dveSa Adi kaSAya (kalaSita vikRta bhAva) samala naSTa ho jAte haiM, AtmA pUrNa zaddha vItarAga icchA-vihIna ho jAtA hai. tadanantara dUsarA zukla dhyAna (ekatva vitarka) hotA hai jisase jJAna-darzana ke Avaraka tathA balahIna kAraka (jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa aura antarAya) karma kSaya ho jAte haiM taba AtmA meM pUrNa jJAna. pUrNa darzana aura pUrNa bala kA vikAsa ho jAtA hai| jinako dUsare zabdoM meM ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta sukha,ananta vala kahate haiN| ina gaNoM ke pUrNa vikasita ho jAne se AtmA pUrNa jJAtA-ipTA bana jAtA hai| yaha AtmA kA 13 vA~ gaNa-sthAna kahalAtA hai| kSapaka zreNI ke guNa-sthAnoM kA samaya antama harna hai, usI meM yogI marvaja ho jAtA hai| vItarAga sarvatra ho jAnA hI AtmA kA jIvana-ma kta paramAtmA (arhanta) ho jAnA hai / Atmonnati yA Atmazuddhi kA itanA bar3A kArya hone meM itanA thor3A samaya lagatA hai; kintu yaha mahAna kArya hotA tabhI hai jarvAka AtmA tapazcaraNa ke dvArA zukla dhyAna ke yogya vana ca kA ho| terahaveM gaNa sthAna meM tIsarA zakla ghyAna (sUkSma kriyA pratipAtI) hotA hai| Atmonnati yA Atmazuddhi athavA vItarAga, sarvajJa, arhanta, jIvanmukta paramAtmA banane kA yahI vidhi-vidhAna tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ko bhI karanA pdd'aa| 12 varSa 5 mAsa 15 divasa taka* tapazcaryA karane ke anantara unhoMne prathama zakla dhyAna kI yogyatA prApta kI, tatpazcAt pahile likhe anusAra unhoMne mohanIya, jJAnAvaraNa, darzanA* 'gamaya chadumanthanaM bAramavAmANi pacamAseya / paNNarasANi diNANi ya tirayaNasuddho mahAvIrI / / -jayadhavalA. bhAga 1, pu. 81.
Page #59
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ varaNa aura antarAya cAra ghAtiyA karmoM kA kSaya antarmuhUrta meM karake sarvajJa vItarAga yA arhanta jIvanmakta paramAtmApada prApta kiyaa| ataH ve pUrNa zuddha evaM trikAla jJAtA trilokajJa bana gaye / yaha zubha kAla vaizAkha zuklA dazamI ke aparAhna (tIsare pahara kA prArambha) kA samaya thaa| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne apane pUrva tIsare bhava meM jisake lie tapasyA kI thI aura isa bhava meM jisa kArya ke lie rAjasukha evaM ghara-parivAra kA parityAga kiyA thA vaha uttama kArya sampanna ho gyaa| yaha jahA~ tIrthakara mahAvIra kA parama saubhAgya thA, vahIM samasta jagat kA. vizeSa karake bhArata kA bhI mahAn maubhAgya thA ki eka satya-jJAtA. satpatha pradarzaka evaM anupama prabhAvazAlI vaktA usako prApta huaa| tIrthakara mahAvIra 'tIrthakara prakRti' ke udaya kA bhI suvarNa avasara A gyaa| samavazaraNa isa vizva-hitakAriNI ghaTanA kI zabha sUcanA kucha vizeSa cinhoM dvArA saudharma indra ko prApta huii| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke sarvajJAtA-daSTA arhanta vana jAne kI vArtA jAnakara indra ko vahuta harSa huaa| usane tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA vizvakalyANakArI upadeza sarva-sAdhAraNa janatA taka pahuMcAne ke lie apane koSAdhyakSa (khajAMcI) kubera ko eka sundara vizAla vyAkhyAna-sabhA-maNDapa (samavazaraNa) banAne kA Adeza diyaa| kubera ne indra kI AjJAnusAra apane divya sAdhanoM se atizIghra eka bahuta sundara darzanIya vizAla sabhA-maNDapa bnaayaa| jisake tIna koTa aura cAra dvAra the| dvAroM para mUndara mAnastambha the| bIca meM * 'vaizAkhamitadazamyAM hastotara madhyamAzrine cN| kSapaka zreNyArUda syotpannaM kevalajJAnam // '--. --nirvANa bhakti : 12 zIlaiNyaM samprApto niruvaniHNepAnavA jIvaH / karmagjo vipramuktI gatayogaH kevalI bhavati / / --gommaTamAra, jIva kANDa 65.
Page #60
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ U~cI tIna kaTanI vAlI sundara vedikA (gandhakuTI) vanI thii| gandhakuTI para ratna-jaTita suvarNa sihAsana thA jisameM kamala kA phala vanA huA thaa| gandhakuTI ke cAroM ora 12 vizAla kakSa (kamare) the, jinameM deva, devI, manuSya, strI, sAdha, sAdhvI, pazu, pakSI Adi upadeza sunane vAle bhadra prANiyoM ke baiThane kI vyavasthA thii| isake sivAya Agantuka janatA kI muvidhA ke lie anya manohara sthAna aura sAdhana usa samavazaraNa meM banAye gaye the| madhyavartinI ucca gandhakuTI ke siMhAsana para tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke virAjamAna hone kI vyavasthA thI, jisase unakA upadeza samasta zrotAoM (munanevAloM) ko acchI taraha sunAI pdd'e| usI samaya devoM kA dundubhI vAjA vahA~ vajane lagA, jisakI madhura-AkarSaka dhvani vahuta dUra pahu~catI thii| usa dhvani ko munakara tIrthakara mahAvIra ke samavazaraNa kI vArtA kAnoM-kAna dUra taka phaila gyii| jisame tIrthaMkara mahAdIra kA divya upadeza sunane kI utkaNTA se dUra-dUra kI janatA calakara RjukalA nadI ke taTa para vane samavazaraNa meM phuNcii| indra bhI vizAla deva-parivAra ke sAtha samavazaraNa meM phNcaa| usane vahAM tIrthaMkara ke kaivalya pada kA mahAn utsava kiyA, tIrthaMkara kA darzana, vandanA, pUjana bar3e bhaktibhAva aura harSa ke sAtha kiyaa| tadanantara samavazaraNa kI muvyavasthA kii| samavazaraNa meM mahAn prakAza thA jisameM vahAM rAta aura dina kA bhaMda nahIM jAna par3atA thA, vahA~ parama zAnti thii| vahA~ Aye hue pratyeka prANI ke hRdaya meM dveSa, baira, krodha, hisA kI bhAvanA jAgrata nahIM hotI tho; ataH siMha, gAya, cItA, hariNa, billI, cahA, sarpa, nyaulA * 'RSikalpajanitAryA jyotirvanabhavanayuvatibhAvanajAH / jyotiSvakalpadevA naniryacI vamanti teSvanapUrvam / / ' -'samavazaraNa eka rSiNipTa dharmasabhA hai| 'mamavazaraNa' zabda kA artha hai samatAbhAvI tIrthakara bhagavAn ke caraNa ke zaraNa meM jaanaa| tIrthakaroM ke samavazaraNa meM krama se zramaNa-RSigaNa, svargavAsI devI, zramaNA, jyotiSiyoM kI devI, vyantara deviyAM, svargavAsI deva, manapya aura tiryaJca beTate haiN|
Page #61
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Adi jAti-virodhI jIva zAnta va nirbhaya hokara sAtha-sAtha baiThate the| ICE divya upadeza samavazaraNa meM asaMkhya bhavya jIva tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA divya upadeza sunane ke lie bar3I utkaMThA aura utsAha ke sAtha Aye aura yathAsthAna baiThakara tIrthaMkara kI divyavANI kI pratIkSA karane lage / cakora pakSI ko candrikA (cAMdanI) vahuta priya lagatI hai, vaha cAMdanI rAtri meM candramA kI ora apalaka daSTi se dekhA karatA hai, isI taraha samavazaraNa kI janatA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke mukha kI ora dekha rahI thii| northakara kA eka makha cAroM ora dikhAyI de rahA thaa| varSARtu ke prArambha meM cAtaka pakSI apano gyAsa AkAza se varase hA jalavinduoM ko apane mukha meM lekara bajhAtA hai. vaha aura koI jala nahI pItA, ataH vAdaloM kI ora apanI cAca kiye varSA kI pratIkSA karatA rahatA hai, isI taraha samasta janatA ke kAna tIrthakara kA upadeza sunane ke lie Atura the| vahA~ aneka manaSyoM, devoM tathA vidvAnoM ke hRdaya meM yaha vicAradhArA vaha rahI thI ki 'tIrthaMkara ava taka to sarvadA mauna rahe / tapasyA ke dinoM meM unhoMne kisI se eka zabda bhI na kahA; parantu aba to unako jAna ho gayA hai, ava unake tIrthaMkara-prakRti kA udaya hogaa| pUrvavartI anya tIrthaMkaroM ke samAna unakA bhI vizva-uddhAraka, sarvahitamaya pAvana upadeza avazya hogaa| / parantu sArA dina bIta gayA aura rAtri bhI samApta ho gayI, nIrthaMkara ke mukha se eka akSara bhI prakaTa na huaa| zrotAoM ne samajhA, . abhI kucha vilamva hai| vahA~ aneka vyakti naye Aye, aneka pahile * 'mAraMgI siMhazAvaM spati mutadhiyA nandinI vyAghrapotaM mArjArI haMsabAlaM praNayaparavazA kekikAntA bhajaMgama bairANyAjanmajAtAnyapi galinamadA jalavo'nye tyajanti zrinyA sAmya karuvaM prazaminakalapaM yAMginaM kSINamAhama / / '
Page #62
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Aye hue uThakara cale gaye, aneka vahIM Thahare rhe| dUsarA dina huA, dUsarI rAta huI; kintu tIrthaMkara kI vANI prakaTa na huI / isI taraha kaI divasa vyatIta hue kintu tIrthaMkara kA upadeza vahA~ para na huaa| janatA kA citta kucha mlAna ho gyaa| katipaya dina pazcAt tIrthaMkara kA vahA~ se anya sthAna ke lie vihAra bhI ho gyaa| tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke Age-Age dharmacakra calatA thA jisako camakatI huI kAnti samajhadAroM ke lie bhI kSaNabhara dvitoya sUrya-viva kI zaMkA utpanna kara detI thI / mahAvIra tIrthaMkara ke vihAra karate hI kubera ne usa manojJa divya samavazaraNa ko svalpa samaya meM hI haTA liyA, vahA~ para phira pahile jaisA sApha maidAna ho gyaa| vihAra ke anantara tIrthaMkara jahA~ Thahare, vahA~ kubera ne pahile jesA bhavya sabhA-maMDapa (samavazaraNa) thor3e samaya meM hI banA diyA / vahA~ bhI asaMkhya zrotA (upadeza sunane vAle) ekatra hue, parantu aneka dina-rAta vyatIta hone para bhI vahA~ bhI upadeza na huaa| vahAM se bhI tIrthaMkara kA vihAra ho gyaa| vahA~ kA samavarazaraNa vighaTa (vijita) gayA, tIrthaMkara jahA~ para Thahare, vahA~ navIna samavazaraNa vnaa| parantu aneka dina bIta jAne para tIrthakara kA upadeza vahA~ para bhI na huA / tIrthaMkara ke isa mauna para samasta janatA cakita thI parantu mauna kA kAraNa koI na jAna sakA / savakI dhAraNA yahI thI, mahAvIra tIrthakara haiM, maka kevalI nahIM haiM, ataH unakA upadeza to avazya hogA, kaba prArambha hogA, yaha jJAta nhiiN| vihAra karate-karate tIrthaMkara rAjagRhI ke nikaTa vipulAcala parvata para Aye vahA~ bho sundara vizAla samavazaraNa vanA aura yathA samaya asaMkhya zrotA bhI vahAM ekatra hae. parantu yahA~ bhI tIrthaMkara mahAvIra mauna rahe / 'agresaraM vyomani dharmacakraM tasya sphuramdAmurarazmi cakram / dvitIya tiramani vivarNakA kSaNaM budhAnAmapi kurvadAsIt / ' -pramaga, vardhamAna carita. 18/86
Page #63
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 3 mahAvIra tIrthaMkara ke isa dIrghakAlIna mauna ke mala kAraNa para samavazaraNa ke vyavasthApaka saudharma indra ne gambhIratA se vicAra kiyA, tava avavijJAna se use jJAta huA ki samavazaraNa meM aba taka aisA mahAn pratibhAzAlI vidvAn upasthita nahIM huA jo ki tIrthakara ke gar3ha, gambhIra divya upadeza ko sunakara use apane hRdaya meM dhAraNa kara sake aura usako prakaraNabaddha karake zrotAoM kI jijJAsA kA yathArtha samAdhAna kara sake, tIrthaMkara kA upadeza savako samajhA sake / isa prakAra kA gaNadhara vanane yogya vidvAn mani samavazaraNa meM na hone ke kAraNa tIrthakara ko vANI mukharita na huii| tadanantara usanaM avadhijJAna se yaha bhI jAnA ki isa samaya indrabhUti gautama tIrthaMkara kA gaNadhara vananaM yogya vidvAn hai, kintu vaha tIrthaMkara kA zraddhAlu nahIM hai, atattva-zraddhAnI hai| hA~, yadi kisI prakAra vaha tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke samparka me A jAve to tIrthakara kA zraddhAlu bhakta banakara gaNadhara vana sakatA hai| __ aisA vicAra kara indra ne eka vRddha brAhmaNa kA rUpa banAyA aura vaha veda-vedAMga ke jJAtA, mahAn pratibhAzAlI vidvAn, 500 vidvAn ziSyoM ke gurU indrabhUti gautama ke pAsa pahuMcA aura indrabhUti gautama me bolA ki _ 'mere guru tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne, jo ki sarvajJa haiM. mujhe nimnalikhita zloka sikhAyA hai, usakA artha bhI mujhe batAyA thA, kintu maiM bhUla gayA hai| Apa bahuta bar3e vidvAn haiM kRpA karake usa zloka kA artha mujhe samajhA dIjiye / zloka isa prakAra hai 'kAlyaM dravyavaTkaM, navapada sahitaM, jIvavaTkAya lezyAH / paMcAnye cAstikAyA, batasamitigati nacAritrabhedAH // ityetanmosamUlaM tribhuvanamahitaH proktamahabhirIzaH / pratyeti zraddadhAti spRzati ca matimAn yaHsabai zuSadRSTiH'
Page #64
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ indrabhRti usa vRddha brAhmaNa ke mukha se zloka sunakara vicAra meM 'par3a gayA ki cha: dravya, no padArtha, chaha kAya jIva, chaha lezyA, pA~ca amtikAya Adi kA maiMne Aja taka nAma bhI nahIM sunA, veda-vedAMga* kA mahAn jAtA meM hU~ parantu Arhata darzana' kA jJAna mujhe nahIM hai, tava ime gloka kI ina bAtoM ko kaise samajhAU~ ? kintu isako apanI anabhijJatA batalAne meM merA upahAsajanaka apamAna hai ataH imakaM guru ke sAya zAstrArtha karake apanI mAna-maryAdA rakhanA ucita hai| emA vicAra kara indrabhUti gautama ne usa vRddha brAhmaNa se kahA-'cala tere guru ke mAtha vAta karUMgA' / kapaTa-rUpa dhArI 'indra' yahI to cAhatA thA, ataH vaha mana-hI-mana apanI maphalatA jAnakara vahuta prasanna huA aura gautama ko jhaTapaTa apanaM mAtha samavazaraNa meM le aayaa| samavazaraNa ke nikaTa pahu~cate hI jame hI gautama na mAnastambha ko dekhA ki tatkAla usake hRdaya se jJAnamada svayaM dUra ho gayA aura abhimAnI ke vajAya vaha namra vinayazIla vana gyaa| ___ mamavazaraNa (dharma-sabhA) meM pravezakara jaise hI usane tIrthakara mahAvIra kA darzana kiyA ki tatkAla usake hRdaya meM zraddhA jAga uThI / gautama brAhmaNa AyA to thA varddhamAna mahAvIra se zAstrArtha karane, kintu unake nikaTa pahuMca kara vana gayA unakA parama zraddhAlu pramukha ziSya / tIrthakara mahAvIra kI vItarAgatA se vaha itanA prabhAvita huA ki apanA samasta parigraha tyAgakara vahIM mahAvratI digambara muni vana gayA, muni vanate hI indrabhUti brAhmaNa ko manaHparyaya jJAna ho gyaa| isa ghaTanA ke hote hI tIrthakara mahAvIra kA mauna bhaMga huA aura meghagarjanA ke samAna divya dhvani meM unakA upadeza prArambha huaa| -dhavalA 1 khaM, pa. 65. 'gotaMNa godayo vippo cAuvvayasiMvi / NAmeNa vaditi sIlavaM bmhnnuttmo|| pamni ki nAsti vA jIvastatmvarUpaM nirUpyatAm / inyaprAkSamato mAyaM bhagavAn bhaktavatsalaH / / -uttara pR. 741360.
Page #65
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 65 tIrthaMkara ke mauna bhaMga kA yaha zubha divasa zrAvaNa vadI pratipadA thA / isa taraha kevalajJAna ho jAne para 66 dina taka (vaizAkha sudI dazamI se 6 dina vaizAkha ke, 30 dina jyeSTha aura 30 ASAr3ha ke ) tIrthaMkara kA upadeza nahIM huaa| yaha dina 'bIra zAsana udaya' ke nAma se siddha huA / janatA ne isako varSa kA prArambha dina mAnA / tava se kaI zatAbdI taka bhAratIya janatA zubha kArya kA prArambha isa dina kiyA karatI thI tathA varSa kA prArambha bhI zrAvaNa vadI pratipadA ke dina mAnato rahI / 'sarvArddhamAgadhIyA bhASA maitrI ca sarvajanatA viSayA' - ( naMdIzvara bhakti - 42 / tIrthaMkara kA upadeza sAdhAraNa janatA kI bhASA meM hotA thA / ' pratyeka zrotA use sugamatA se samajha letA thA / usa upadeza meM samasta tAttvika bAtoM kA vivecana thA, samasta jagat kA vivaraNa thA, itihAsa kA kathana thA, tathA AtmA ke hitakara Ahatakara, saMsAra - bhramaNa, karma-vandhana, kama-mAcana, dharma, adhama, gRhastha dharma, muni dharma, jIvapariNamana, ajAva-pariNamana, kI vizada vyAkhyA thI / 'pazuoM ko mArakara yajJa karanA mahAn pApa hai, usa dharma samajhanA bhUla hai -- isa viSaya ko tAthakara mahAvAra naM acche prabhAvazAlI DhaMga se samajhAyA / vIra-vANI kA prabhAva vikhyAta brAhmaNa vidvAn indrabhUti java tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA agragaNya ziSya vana gayA, taba janatA para tathA brAhmaNa vidvAnoM para isakA krAntikArI prabhAva pdd'aa| indrabhUti gautama ke samAna hI usake 1 'divvajmaNIe gaNidAbhAvAdI | tatthApattI ? kimaTTha mohammadaNa cava Na, gaNidI kiNNa dIdI ? kAlalabdhIe viNA amaMjasma devidasma taDDhoyaNa sattIe prabhAvAdI / ' -- jaya dhavalA 2 ' bAlastrI manda murkhANAM nRNAM cArivyakAMkSiNAm / pratibodhanAya tatvazaiH siddhAntaH prAkRta: kRtaH // '
Page #66
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ do anya mahAn vidvAn bhrAtA agnibhUti aura vAyubhUti bhI ApanI zipya-maMDalI sahita tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA upadeza zravaNa karane samavazaraNa meM Aye aura ve bhI mahAvIra ke vinIta ziSya banakara gaNadhara vana gye| java tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA marmasparzI upadeza janatA ne sunA to dharma kA sundara satya svarUpa use jJAta huaa| isakA pariNAma yaha huA ki pazu-yajJa ke virodha meM eka vyApaka lahara phaila gii| yajJa karAne vAle purohitoM ke tathA yajJa karane vAle yajamAnoM ke hRdaya meM ullekhanIya parivartana AyA aura ve pazu-yaja ke hisaka kRtya se ghRNA karane lge| rAjagahI (magadhadeza) kA nareza zreNika (vimbasAra), tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA upadeza sunakara unakA anuyAyI parama bhakta bana gyaa| isa taraha zrI vIra prabhu kI vANI prArambha se hI acchI prabhAvazAlinI siddha huii| ___ kucha dinoM pazcAt tIrthaMkara mahAvIra vahA~ se vihAra kara gye| ve jahA~ bhI Thahare, vahA~ unakA navIna samavazaraNa* (dharmasabhA-maNDapa) vnaa| vahA~ para bhI unakA kaI dina prabhAvazAlI dharma-upadeza huA, tadanantara vahA~ me bhI ve vihAra kara gaye / zrI mahAvIra tIrthakara ne icchArahita hokara bhI bhavyajanoM ke prati sahaja dayA se prerita hokara athavA unake pravala puNyayoga se kAzI, kazmIra, kuru, magadha, kosala, kAmarUpa, kaccha, kaliga, kurujAMgala, kiSkindhA, malladeza, pAMcAla, kerala, bhadra, cedi, dazArNa, vaMga, aMga, Andha, uzInara, malaya, vidarbha, gaur3a Adi dezoM meM dharma-prabhAvanA kI, dezanArtha pravacana kiyaa| etAvatA aneka prAntoM tathA dezoM meM toryakara mahAvIra kA maMgala vihAra huA aura mahAn dharma-pracAra * 'pIsamAyAM mamamyetya zrIvIraM jinanAyakama / pUjayAmAsa pUjyo'yabhastAvIcca punaH punaH / / ' -mantra cuDAmaNi 11/15
Page #67
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ huA / unakI bhASA divya dhvanirUpiNI thI, jise sabhI upasthita zrotA samajhate the| jahA~-jahA~ tIrthaMkara bhagavAna vihAra karate the vahA~vahA~ dharmapIyUSapAthiyoM ko upadeza pradAna karate the / * usa dharma-pracAra se ahiMsA kA prabhAvazAlI prasAra huA, pazuyajJa hone sarvatra vanda ho gye| hiMsA kRtya aura mA~sa-bhakSaNa se bhI janatA ghRNA karane lgii| hiMsaka loga tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA upadeza munakara svayaM ahiMsaka bana gaye / tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA jahA~ bhI maMgalamaya vihAra huA, vahA~ ke zAsaka, maMtrI, senApati, purohita, vidvAn tathA anya sAdhAraNajana unake anuyAyI bhakta banate gye| jisa taraha sUrya ke udaya se andhakAra haTatA jAtA hai usI taraha tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke upadeza se ajJAna, bhrama, adharma, anyAya, atyAcAra, hisA-kRtya Adi pApAcAra sAdhAraNa jana kSetra se dUra hotA gayA aura niraparAdha mUka pazu jagat ko saMrakSaNa milaa| 'icchAvirahitaH so'pi bhavyapuNyadayeritaH / vihAramakarod dezAnAryAn dharmopadezayan / kAzyAM kAzmIradeze kurupa ca magadhe kauzale kAmamaNe kacche kAle kalige janapadahine jAMgalAnne kuraadii| kiSkindhe malladeNe mukRtijanamanastopade dharmavRSTiM kurvan gAmnA jinendro vihani niyataM taM yaje'haM vikAlam / / pAMcAle karane vA'manapadamihirobhadra cadi daNANaM-- vaMgAMgAndhrolikozInara malavidarbheSa gauDe mumo zonAMga razmijAlAdamRmiva mabhAM dharmapIyUSadhArA mican yogAbhigamaH pariNabhayati ca svAntaddhiM janAnAm / / '-- --pratiSThApATha 6/61. 'gautamo'pi tato rAjana? gataH kAzmIrake punaH / mahAvIreNa dIkSAM ca ghane jnmtepmitaam'|' -vaidika grantha zrImAla purANa, pra. 73 (jainatatva-prakANa) (gautama nAmaka eka brAhmaNa ne tIrthaMkara mahAvIra me jainadharma kI dIkSA lekara icchita prathaM ko siddha kiyaa|)
Page #68
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke saMgha meM 11 gaNadhara, 700 kevalI, 500 manaHparyaya jJAnI, 1300 avadhijJAnI, nau sau vikriyA-RddhidhAraka, cAra sau anuttaravAdI, chattIsa hajAra sAdhvI (zramaNA), eka lAkha zrAvaka aura tIna lAkha zrAvikAe~ thiiN| tIrthakara mahAvIra naM 29 varSa, 5 mAsa, 20 dina taka (RSi, muni, yati aura anagAra) ina cAra prakAra ke sAdhu saMgha evaM zramaNa, zramaNI, zrAvaka aura zravikA mahita deza-videza meM mahAn dharma-pracAra kiyA / ' anta meM ve vihAra vanda karake pAvAnagara meM aneka sarovaroM ke bIca unnata bhUmi mahAmaNi zilAtale Thahara gaye / vahA~ unhoMne chaha dina yoga nirodha karake antima guNasthAna prApta kiyA aura zeSa aghAti karmoM kA kSaya karake kArtika vadI amAvasyA ke brahmamuhUrta meM (sUryodaya se kucha pahila) saMsAra ke AvAgamana se mukti prApta kii| parinirvANa-mahotsava java tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kA pAvApurI meM nirvANa huA, tava usa rAtri kA antima andhakAra thaa| jaise hI vibhinna AsAroM se indra ko tIrthakara mahAvIra ke mukti-gamana kI sUcanA milI, tyo hI tatkAla deva-parivAra ke sAtha vaha pAvA nagara AyA / vahA~ usane asaMkhya dIpaka jalAkara mahAn prakAza kiyaa| Agantuka devoM ne ucca madhura svara se tIrthakara kA vAra-vAra jayaghoSa kiyA, jisase pAvAnagara tathA nikaTavartI strI-puruSoM ko tIrthakara ke nirvANa ko sUcanA mila gaI: ata: samasta strI-puruSa dIpaka jalAkara usa sthAna para aaye| isa taraha vahA~ asaMkhya dIpa prajvalita ho gaye / manapyoM ne tathA devoM ne tIrthakara ke nirvANa' 1 'vAmANaNanIsaM paMca ya mAme ya bIma divase y| pauviha praNagArehi ya vArahadihi (gaNehi) vihritaa||' -ja. dhava. baM. pa. 81. 2 'pAvApurasya bahirunatabhamideNe. padmotpalAkulavatAM maramAM hi mdhye| zrI vardhamAna jinadeva iti pratIto, nirvANamApa bhagavAn prvidhuutpaapmaa| -nirvANa bhakti 25.
Page #69
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 69 kA mahAn utsava kiyA / hastipAla rAjA mallagaNa rAjya ke nAyaka tathA 18 gaNa nAyakoM ne madhyamA pAvA meM parinirvANotsava bhaktipUrvaka manAyA / tadanantara devoM ne tIrthaMkara kA zarIra kapUra, candana kI citA ke Upara rkkhaa| agnikumAra devoM ne jaise hI namaskAra kiyA ki unake mukuTa se agnijvAlA prakaTa ho gayI, usase sugandhita dravyoM ke sAtha tIrthaMkara kA parama audArika zarIra bhasma ho gayA / usa bhasma ko savane apane-apane mastaka se lagAyA / usI dina gautama gaNadhara ko kevala jJAna kA udaya huA / tava se samasta bhArata meM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ke smaraNa meM prativarSa kArtika vadI amAvasyA ko smAraka rUpa meM 'dIpAvalI mahAparvarAja' pracalita huA, yaha divasa jainoM meM bahuta zubha mAnA gayA hai| isa dina tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI pUjana hotI hai, parinirvANa -pUjA hotI hai, aura kevalajJAna lakSmI kI pUjA bhI hotI hai tathA rAtri ke samaya dIpaka jalAkara harSasUcaka prakAza kiyA jAtA hai / * 'tIrthaMkara mahAvIra bhavya jIvoM ko upadeza dete hue madhyamA pAvA nagarI meM padhAre, aura vahAM ke eka manohara udyAna meM caturtha kAla meM tIna varSa, mAr3he ATha mAsa vAkI raha jAne para kArtika amAvasyA ke prabhAtakAlIna saMdhyA ke samaya yoga kA nirodha karake karmoM kA nAza karake mukti ko prApta hue / cAroM prakAra ke devatAoM ne Akara unakI pajA kI aura dIpaka jalAye / usa samaya una dIpakoM ke prakAza meM pAvAnagarI kA AkAza pradIpita ho rahA thA / usI samaya me bhaktaloga jinezvara kI pUjA karane ke lie bhAratavarSa meM pAvApura varada vahirbhuvinamina vinanavanake pAvana vanake jinendra zrIvIraM mAravijayi munimarAmA / vijayaMgeyadaM // / ' -- prAcaSNa kavi, vardhamAnapurANa, 16 / 66
Page #70
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 70 prativarSa unake parinirvANa-divasa ke upalakSya meM dIpAvalI parva manAte haiN| zrI vIra prabhu ke nirvANa ke smAraka rUpa vIra nirvANa saMvat prArambha huA hai, jo ki pracalita sabhI saMvatoM se prAcIna (2500) hai| mahAvIra ke nAma para nagara tIrthaMkara mahAvIra kI smRti meM baMgAla-vihAra ke aneka nagaroM nAma tIrthaMkara ke nAmAnarUpa rakkhe gaye / tIrthaMkara ke janma nAma 'varddhamAna' para (vardamAna), 'vIra' nAma para 'vIra bhUmi' (vIrabhUma) tIrthaMkara ke caraNa cihna aura dhvaja cihna siha' se 'siMha bhUmi' [ siMhabhUma] ["siMhohatAM dhvajAH-iti hemacandraH] nagara kA nAma aba taka pracalita hai| tIrthakara mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddha tIrthakara mahAvIra ke samaya meM anya kaI dharma-pracAraka hue haiM, unameM kapilavastu ke kSatriya rAjA zuddhodhana ke putra gautamabuddha adhika vikhyAta haiM / rAjakumAra gautama ne taruNa avasthA meM saMsAra se virakta hokara sava se pahale tIrthakara mahAvIra ke pUrvavato 23 veM tIrthaMkara pAzvanAtha kI 1. "jinendravIro'pi vibAdhya saMtataM mamatato bhavyamamahamati / prapaca pAvAnagarI garIyamI manAhagaMdhAnavane tIyake / catuSaMkAlerdhacaturSamAsakaH vihInatAvizcaturadvazaMparka sakAtike svAtiSa kRSNabhatamuprabhAnamandhyAmamaye mvabhAvataH / / papAtikarmANi niNDayogako vidhaya ghAtI dhanadvibaMdhana vibandhanasthAnamavAya zaMkarI nirantarAyoramukhAnubandhanam / / jvalanadIpAlikayA pravaddhayA mugamuH dIpitayA pradIptayA tadAsma pAvAnagarI samaMtataH pradIpitAkAzatalA prakAzate / / tatastu loka: prativarSamAdarAt pramiTIpAlikayAtra bhArata samucataH pUjayituM jinezvaraM jinendranirvANavibhUti bhaktibhAk / / ' -harivaMza purANa, sagaM 66 2. sihoM lAMchanAnyahaMtA kramAt |'-prtisstthaatilk 11 / 3, lAMchana sthApana,
Page #71
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ziSya-paramparA ke jaina sAdhu pihitAsrava' se sAdhu dIkSA lii| jaina zAstroM ke anusAra samasta vastra tyAgakara ve nagna hue aura kezaloMca tathA hAthoM meM bhojana karanA Adi jaina sAdhu kA AcaraNa kucha dina taka karate rahe / java unheM jaina sAdhu kI caryA kaThina pratIta huI, tava unhoMne gerue vastra pahinakara apanA alaga pantha calAyA jisakA nAma madhyama mArga pdd'aa| ____-he sAriputra, mere tapa kI ye triyAe~ thIM-maiM nirvastra rahA, maiMne lokAcAra ko tyAga diyA. maiMne hAthoM meM bhojana liyA, apane liya lAyA huA bhojana nahIM kiyA. apane nimitta se banA bhojana nahIM kiyA, bhojana kA nimantraNa svIkAra nahIM kiyA, thAlI meM bhojana nahIM kiyA, makAna kI Dyor3hI (vida ina e aizaholDa) meM bhojana nahIM kiyA, khir3akI se nahIM liyA, masala se kaTane ke sthAna para bhojana nahIM liyA, na gabhiNI strI se liyA, na vacce ko dUdha pilAne vAlI se liyA, na bhoga karane vAlI se liyA, na vahA~ se liyA jahAM kRttA pAsa khar3A thA, na vahA~ se liyA jahA~ makkhiyoM bhina-bhinA rahI thIM, na machalI, na mAMsa, na madirA, na sar3A mAMsa khAyA, na tuma kA mailA pAnI piyA / maiMne eka ghara se bhojana liyA, eka grAsa bhojana liyA yA maina do ghara se bhojana liyA, do grAma bhojana liyaa| maine kabhI dina meM eka vAra bhojana kiyA, kabhI pandraha dina meM bhojana kiyaa| maiMne mamtaka, dAr3hI va maThoM ke kezaloMca kiye / usa kezaloca kI kriyA ko cAla rkhaa| meM eka bada pAnI para bhI dayAla rahatA thaa| kSudra jIva kI himA bhI mare dvArA na ho aisA meM sAvadhAna thA / migpiAmaNAhanintha magyatIre palAmaNayagyo / pihinAmavagma mimmI mahAmudro bukinamaNI / / ' --darNanamAra 6 "tavAsma meM idaM sAripuna, tapammitAya hAni, pracalako homi, manAcArga hanyApalabano, na ehibhantiko natibhavantiko, nAbhihinaM na udidhammakataM na nimantanaM mAdayAmi, mAMta kumbhimanapagrigaNhAmi, na elakamantaraM, na dAimanna, na mamalamaMtara, na dvignaM bhajamAnAnaM, na gabhaniyA, na pApamAnAya, na pugminnaggatAya, na maMkitAMmu. na yantha mA upaTTitA hoti, na yattha ma upaTTitA hAni, ya yanya bhakmikA maNDamaNDacAgniI, na mandaM na mAMsa, na muraM, na bhareyaM, na modakaM pivAmi, mo kAgariko vA hAmi ekAlApiko, dAgAriko vA homi dAlopiko....................... 'manArgArako vA hAmi manAlAmiko kimmApi
Page #72
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 72 daniyA yApimi, hIhipi danIhi yAyomi.. matahi pidattIhi yAmi ekAhika pAhAraM pAhArami, dvIhikaM pi pAhAraM pAhAremi... paM..."matAhikaM pAhAraM pAhAremi, ini evam praDamAmi pi prAhA pAhAmi iti evarUpaM addhamAsikaM pi pagyiAyamanaM bhojanAnuyoga manuyutto vihama / kemamammulocako pihomi, kemamammulocanAnuyoga manupunto, yAva udaka vindunhi pi meM dayA pancuTTinA honi-mAhaM khuda ke pANe vimamagate maMghAnaM prApaTemi ti| "mo nanA mI minno ceba, eko mimanake bena / namo na cariMgamAmIno, emanApamuno manIti / / " -muttapiTake mantrimanikAya, mahAmohanAdamRta, pR. 105. "miTA mahAnAma mamayaM gajagaha viharAmi gijyakaTe-pandane ! tena khopana mama yena maMbahalA nigaNThA imigiliyamma kAlamilAyaM bhanthakA hauni prAmana pagikvinA, propavAmikA dakdAnippA kaTakA vedanA vdti| atha khAI mahAnAma mAyaNha mamapaM paTimallANa kar3ito yena migila pammaya kANa milA grena ne niggaThA nena upa maMka. mimama upa maMkamitA ne niragaTe nadavIcama / kinha tumheM prAvamA niragaMTA ubhaTTakA prAmanapariNistA, pravimikA dukkhA nippA kaTakA bedanA vediya yAti-7vaM banemahAnAma ne niragaMThA meM nadavIcaM. niragaThI pAba mA nApanA mavvaNa maNvadasmAvI apagneima zAnadammana pagjiAnAni carato ca niTTanA ca manamya ca manataM mamitaM jJAnadasmanaM pakyupaTTitani, mo evaM prAha anthiyo vA nigagaMTA pUrva pApaM kammaM kanaM. 2 imAya kaTakAya duvakAMgkArikAya nigjegya yaM patanya eghi kAyena maMvanA, vAcAya bhavanA; manamA saMvatA, naM pAni pAgamma kammamma prakaraNaM, ni pugaNAnaM kammAnaM tapamA katibhAbhA, navAnaM prakAraNa pAyati anabanyavA, pAryAna anavammavA kammamankhapo, kammavakhapA dukkhavakhayo, dukkhakpA baMdanAbAnA yaMdanAmamA mana dugvaM nigjiNNaM bhvimmni| na ca pana pramhAkaM kaccani baMba samati ca mana na aghA pani manAti / " --bauddha grantha majita manikAya, pR. 192-63. (mahAmA buddha kahate hai ki). hai mahAnAma ! maiM eka mamaya gajagaha ke gahakuTa parvata para ghama rahA thA. taba Rpigiri ke mIpa kAlazilA para bahuna meM nimrantha (jainamAdhu) prAmana chor3akara upanAma kara rahe , aura tAi napasyA meM lage hue the| maiM mAyaMkAla unake pAma gayA aura unameM bolA, 'bho nimranyA ! numa prAmana chor3akara upakrama kara mI kaThina tapasyA kI baMdanA kA anabhava kyoM kara rahe ho? jaba maiMna unameM jamA kahA naba mAdha hama taraha bole ki nigraMtha jJAnaputra bhagavAna mahAbIra mavaMz2a pora mavaMdaNI hai, ve maba kucha jAnate haiM aura dekhate haiN| calane. Thaharane, mAne. jAganaM maba hAlatoM meM madA unakA sanadarzana upasthita rahatA hai| unhoMne kahA hai ki nigraMnyo ! tumanaM pahile pApa karma kiye hai unakI ima kaTina tapasyA se nijaMga kara ddaalaa| mana, vacana kAya ko geMkana meM pApa nahIM baMdhatA aura tapa karane se purAne pApa mava dUra ho jAte haiN| hama nagha naye pApoM ke na hone se karmoM kA bhaya hotA hai. kamoM ke kSaya se duHkhoM kA taya hotA hai, duHkhoM ke nANa meM baMdanA naSTa hotI hai aura vaMdanA ke nAza meM maba duHkha dUra ho jAte haiM (taba buddha kahate hai) 'yaha bAta mane acchI lagatI hai aura maiMne mana ko Toka mAlma hotI hai|")
Page #73
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddha vAstava meM tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddha samadeza, samakAla, evaM sama saMskRti ke do kSatriya rAjakumAra hue, jinhoMne Atmadharma aura lokadharma kA 2500 varSa pUrva prasAra kiyaa| ___ina donoM AtmAoM ke jIvana, siddhAnta, dharma Adi kA adhyayana karane meM nimnalikhita tulanAtmaka tathya-tAlikA vahuta upayogI siddha hogI Atmadharma prakAzaka mahAvIra lokadharma-pracAraka buddha 1. nAma varddhamAna buddha 2. pitA middhArtha zuddhodhana 3. mAtA trizalA mahAmAyA 4. gotra kazyapa grAma kuNDagrAma (vaizAlI) kapilavastu (lumbinI) 6. vaMza jAta zAkya 7. jAti kSatriya kSatriya 8. janma I. pU. 582 9. dharma arhanta 10. jJAna-prApti-sthAna RjukalAtaTa gayA 11. nirvANa I. pU. 527 12. nirvANa-sthAna pAvApurI kuzInAra 13. AyuSya 70 varSa 80 varSa 14. vrata paMca mahAvrata paMcazIla 15. middhAnta syAdvAda kSaNikavAda kazyapa Aheta* mahAnmA buddha ne kahA thA-bhikSuno ! mana eka prAcIna gaha dekhI hai, ekamA prAcIna mArga jo ki prAcInakAla ke agahanI dvArA prAcaraNa kiyA gayA thaa| maiM umI para calA aura calate hue. mujhe kaI naloM kA rahamya milaa| bhikSugrI,prAcInakAla meM jo bhI prahanna nathA buddha hue the unake bhI me hI do mukhya anuyAyI the, jaima mere anuyAyI mArigutra mAgalAyana the|' (maMyu, 168) "jaina sAdhanA jahAM eka ora boTamAdhanA kA udgama hai, vahA~ dUsarI ora vaha NavamArga kA bhI prAditrota hai|"--sNskRti ke cAra pradhyAya, gamadhArgamiha 'dinakara'; 2. 438.
Page #74
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ mahAvIra-nirvANa saMvat bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa kava huA, isa saMbaMdha meM jainoM meM gaNanA kI eka abhedya paramparA vidyamAna hai aura vaha zvetAmbaroM tathA digambaroM meM samAna hI hai| "titthogAlopayannA meM nirvANa kAla kA ullekha karate hue likhA hai 'zyAMga siddhigao, arahA titthaMkaro mahAvIro / taM zyaNibhavaMtIe, abhisitto pAlo zayA // 20 // pAlaga raNo saTThI, puNa paNNasayaM viyANi gaMdANam / muriyANaM sadvisayaM, paNatIsA pUsa mittANaM (ttassa) // 21 // balamita-mANumittA, saTTA cattAya haoNti nahaseNe / gaddabhasayamegaM puNa, parivanno to sago rAyA // 22 // paMcama bhAsA paMca ya, vAsA chacceva hoMti vAsasthA / parinimba assa'rihato, to utpanno (pazvino) rugorAyA // 623 // ' (jima gata meM arhan mahAvIra tIrthaMkara kA nirvANa huA, usI rAta (dina) meM avanti meM pAlaka kA rAjyAbhiSeka huaa| 60 varSa pAlaka ke.. 150 nandoM ke, 160 mAryoM ke, 35 puSyamitra ke, 60 vamitra-bhAnamitra ke, 40 nabha:sena ke aura 100 varSa gardaH bhilloM ke bItane para zaka rAjA kA zAsana huaa| arhan mahAvIra ko nirvANa hue 605 varpa aura 5 mAsa bItane para gaka rAjA utpanna huaa|) yahI gaNanA anya jaina-granthoM meM bhI milatI hai| hama unameM se kucha nIce de rahe haiM (1) zrI bIra nitevarSaH SabhiH paMcottaraH zataH / zAka saMvatsarasyaSA pravRttibharate'bhavat // -merutaMgAcArya racita 'vicAra-zreNI' (jaina sAhitya maMzodhaka, khaNDa 2. aMka 3-4 pR. 4) (2) hi vAsANa ehi paMcahi vAsehi paMca mAsehi / maNibAga gayatsa upAjjissaha sago rAyA // nemicandra racita 'mahAvIra cariya' zloka 2169, patra 94-1 /
Page #75
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 75 605 varSa 5 mAsA kAyahI aMtara digambaroM meM bhI mAnya hai / hama yahA~ tatsaMbaMdhI kucha pramANa de rahe hai (1) paNahassayavassaM paNabhAsajuvaM gomaya vIraNinbuido / sagarAjoto kAkI caduNava timahiya sagamAsam // 50 // -nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI racita 'trilokasAra' (2) varvANAM SaTzAtI tyaktavA paMcAnAM mAsa paMcakam / muktigate mahAvIre zakarAjassato'bhavat // 60-549 // ___-jinasenAcArya racita 'hrivNshpuraann'| (3) NivvANe vIrajiNe chavyAsa sadesu paMcavirisesu / paNamAsesu gadesu saMjAdo sagaNio ahavA // -tiloyapaNNatti.' bhAga 1 pRSTha 349 // (4) paMca ya mAsA paMca ya vAlA chacceva hoMti vArutayA / sagakAleNa ca sahiyA thAvepathyo vado rAsI // -dhavalA (jaina si. bhavana Aga), patra 537 vartamAna IsvI san 1973 meM zaka saMvat 1894 hai| isa prakAra IsvI san aura zaka saMvatsara meM 79 varSa kA antara huA / bhagavAna mahAvIra kA nirvANa zaka saMvat me 605 varSa 5 mAsa pUrva huaa| isa prakAra 606 meM se 79 ghaTA dene para mahAvIra kA nirvANa IsavI pUrva 527 meM siddha hotA hai| kevala zaka saMvat se hI nahIM, vikrama saMvat se bhI mahAvIra nirvANa kA antara jaina sAhitya meM varNita hai| 'tapAgaccha paTTAvAla' meM pATa AtA hai "jaM raNi kAlagao, arihA titthaMkaro mahAvIro / taM raNi avaNivaI, mahisitto pAlo rAyA // 1 // paTTI pAlayaraNNo 60, paNavaNNasayaM tu hoi naMdANaM / 155 aTThasayaM murimANaM 108, tIsacciya pUsamittassa 30 // 2 // balabhitta mANumitta saTThI 60, parisANI cattanahavANe 400 taha gabhillarajvaM terasa 13 varisa sagassa cavarisA ||3||'shrii vikramAdityazca pratiboSitastavAjyaM tu bhI vIra saptatiH catuSTaye 470 saMjAtaM / "
Page #76
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 76 [60 varSa pAlaka rAjA, 155 varSa navananda, 108 varSa maurya vaMza , 30 varSa puSyamitra, valamitra bhAnumitra 60, nahapAna 40 varSa / gardabhilla 13 varSa, zaka 4 varSa kula milAkara 470 varSa (unhoMne vikramAditya gajA ko pratibodhita kiyA) jisakA rAjya vIra nirvANa ke 470 varSa vAda huA / 'tIrthakara mahAvIra' vijayendrasUri, pa.0 319 IsApUrva 527 varSa bhagavAna mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke pazcAt digamvara AmnAyAnusAra kevalI, zrutakevalI aura dazapUrvadharoM kI sUcI (1) kevalI1. gotama gaNadhara 12 varSa mudharmA 12 varSa jambRmvAmI 38 varSa zruta kevalI-5 viSNanandI 14 varSa nandimitra 16 varSa apagajita varSa govardhana 19 varSa 29 varSa bhadrabAha 162 varSa digambara AmnAya ke anusAra 162 varSa pazcAt zrutakevalI kA lopa mAnA gayA hai-(I. pU. 365) kAdazagaNadhaga:-- 'endrabhUtininirvAyubhatiH mudharmakaH / mauyamo'yau putramitrAvakampanamunAmadhRk / / andhanaH prabhAmazca saMkhyAn manIna yje| gautamaM ca mudharma ca jambamvAminamadhvaMgam / / dhrunakelinAnyAMzca vissnnunnypraajitaan| govardhanaM bhadrabAhuM dApUrvadharaM yaje / ' -prAcArya jayasena pratiSThApATha
Page #77
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 77 10 varSa 19 varSa 17 varSa 22 varSa 5. zapUrvadhara-11 vizAkhAcArya proSThila kSatriya jayasena nAgasena siddhArtha dhRtiSaNa vijaya buddhivalla gaMgadeva dharmasena 18 varSa 17 varSa 18 varSa 13 varSa 20 varSa 14 varSa 10. 11. 16 varSa 184 varSa - - - - "candraguptamuniH zIghraM prathago da.zapUviNAm marvasaMghAdhipo jAtA vizAkhAcAryasaMzakaH / / ' hariSeNa cina, kathAkopa 39. dazapUrvadharoM meM prathama candragupta-muni zIghra hI vizAkhAcAyaM nAma se sarvamaMgha ke adhipati haH / "vizAkhapropTila kSatrIyajaya nAga purammarAn / middhArthadhuniSeNAhI vijayaM buddhibalaM tthaa|| gaMgadevaM dharmasenamekAdaza tu muzrunAn / '
Page #78
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 78 ekAdazAMgaSArI AcArya nakSatra AcArya jasapAla (jayapAla) AcArya pANDu AcArya dhruvamena kaMsAcArya 220 varSa AcArAMgadhArI AcArya mubhadra AcArya yazobhadra Acarya yazobAhu AcArya lohAcArya / 118 varSa 4. - sampUrNa varSa yoga 684 varSa 2. prabhAvaka AcAryaAcArya guNavara (kaSAyapAhuDa)-vikrama saM. 16. AcArya kundakunda (samayamAra)-vikrama saM. 32. AcArya umAsvAmI (tattvArthamUtra)-vikrama saM. 150 AcArya mamanta bhadra (ratnakaraNDa)-(vikrama saM. tIsarI zatI) AcArya siddhamana (sanmatisUtra)-(vikrama maM. pAMcavIM zatI) 'nakSavaM jayapAlAvyaM pANDuca dhruvamenakam / kaMsAcArya purokagIya jAtAraM pryje'nvhm|| mubhadaMca yazobhadraM yazobAhuM manIzvaram / lohAcArya purA pUrvajJAnacakradharaM numaH // '
Page #79
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ anekAnta jIva aura ajIva : anantAnanta isa jagat meM anantAnanta cetana padArtha (jIva) haiM aura anantAnanta jar3a (ajIva) padArtha haiM, unameM se pratyeka padArtha ananta guNoM (zaktiyoM) tathA anaMta vizeSatAoM kA puMja hai / sUkSma paramANu (eTaga) meM bhI anaMta zaktiyA~ nihita haiN| paramANu kI zakti se vizAla nagaroM kA vidhvaMsa kSaNa-bhara meM kiyA jA sakatA hai aura vizAla parimANa meM vidyut (vijalI) utpanna karane vAle vijalIghara kA saMcAlana kiyA jA sakatA hai, bhImakAya jala-yAna (pAnI ke jahAja, panaDubbI, nAva Adi) paramANa kI zakti se calAye jA sakate haiM / eka paramANu meM jaba isa prakAra kI vidhvaMsa, nirmANa, saMcAlana, preraNa-rUpa asIma zaktiyA~ tathA vizeSatAe~ siddha hotI haiM, taba anya vizAla jar3a-cetana padArthoM ke guNoM aura vizeSatAoM kA bhI isase anumAna lagAyA jA sakatA hai| agni lakar3I ko jalAkara bhasma karatI hai, sone ke galAkara zuddha karatI hai, roTI ko pakAtI hai, dAla ko galAtI hai, jala ko bhApa banAtI hai, azuddha dhAtu-pAtroM ko zuddha karatI hai, zIta ko dUra karatI hai, prakAza pradAna karato hai, ityAdi ananta prakAra kI vizeSatAe~ agni meM vidyamAna hai| aimI hI ananta zaktiyAM, guNa yA vizeSatAeM jala, vAyu tathA pArthiva padArthoM meM vidyamAna haiN| ye bhautika (pAthiva, jalIya, Agneya, vAyavya) padArtha una paramANuoM ke sambaddha samudAya se banA karate haiM, jinakI zakti paramANu-vama, paramANu-vijalIghara Adi ke rUpa meM pahale vatalAI jA cukI hai|
Page #80
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ amUrtika jar3a padArtha paugalika (maTIriyala) jar3a padArthoM ke sivAya amUrtika (naoNnamaTIriyala) jar3a padArtha aura bhI haiM, jinako dharma (Ithara) (kriyAzIla ananta padArthoM kI halana-calana rUpa kriyA meM sahAyaka), adharma (sthitizIla ananna padArthoM kI sthiti meM sahAyaka), AkAza (samasta padArthoM ke lie sthAna-dAtA), kAla (samasta ananta padArthoM ke pratikSaNavartI pariNamana meM sahAyaka) nAma se kahA jAtA hai| una amUrtika jar3a padArthoM meM meM pratyeka meM bhI paramANu yA bhautika padArthoM ke samAna ananta zaktiyA~ vidyamAna haiM, jimame ki isa jagat kA DhA~cA sUkSma rUpa me vividha pariNamana kara rahA hai| mthUla dRSTi se vicAra-zakti bhale hI mahasA use na jAna sake, kintu mUkSma vicAra se to unako jAnA hI jAtA hai / cetana padArtha ko anantAnantatA jar3a padArthoM ke samAna cetana padArtha (jIva) bhI saMkhyA meM anantAnanta haiM aura pratyeka cetana padArtha bhI, vaha cAhe choTA pratIta ho yA bar3A, ananta zaktiyoM kA puMja hai / jJAna-darzana, sukha, vala, zraddhA, samatA, kSamatA, madutA Adi ananta prakAra ka guNa yA zaktiyAM tathA vizeSatAeM pratyeka jIva meM vidyamAna (maujUda) hai| arthAt jagat kA koI bhI padArtha kyoM na ho vaha ananta guNAtmaka hai| una ananta guNoM kA pariNamana bhinna-bhinna nimittoM se vibhinna prakAra kA huA karatA hai| una vibhinna vizeSatAoM ko java vibhinna dRSTikoNoM (apekSAoM) se jAnA jAtA hai tava pratyeka padArtha aneka rUpa meM pratIta hotA hai| ___ jala kisI pyAse manuSya kI pyAsa bujhAkara use jIvana detA hai aura kisI pyAse (haije ke rogI) ko pyAsa bujhAkara mAra detA hai, snAna ke rUpa meM svastha manuSya ko jala sphati aura Ananda pradAna karatA hai; dAha jvara vAle manuSya ko vahI jala-snAna sannipAta lAkara mRtyu
Page #81
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ ke nikaTa pahu~cA detA hai| isa taraha jala jIvana-dAtA amRta-rUpa bhI hai, aura mAraka viSa-rUpa bhI hai| dUSa zarIra ke lie sarvottama poSaka padArtha hai, tatkAla ke utpanna vAlaka, zizu kA jIvana to dUdha para hI nirbhara hai / kizora, yauvana, praur3ha, vRddha avasthAoM meM bhI dUdha zarIra kA acchA poSaNa karatA hai, isI kAraNa dUdha ko amRta bhI kahA jAtA hai; parantu yahI dudha yadi atisAra (dasta) ke rogI ko diyA jAe to usake lie viSa jaisA hAnikAraka siddha hogaa| aise hI vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se vibhinna prakAra kI pratIta hone vAlI aneka prakAra kI vizeSatAe~ pratyeka padArtha meM eka sAtha hotI haiM, jaise-rAma rAjA dazaratha ke putra the, kintu lavaNAMkuza (lava-kuza) ke pitA the, lakSmaNa ke bhAI the, sItA ke pati the, janaka ke jAmAtA (dAmAda) ye, bhAmaNDala ke vahanoI the| isa taraha eka hI rAma putra, pitA, bhAI, pati, dAmAda, bahanoI Adi aneka rUpa the / isI prakAra prAyaH anya pratyeka manupya bhI pitA, putra, vAvA, potA, pati, putra, zvasura, jamAI, sAlA, bahanoI Adi aneka sambandhoMkA samudAya hotA hai| ___ ina aneka prakAra kI vizeSatAoM ke kAraNa hI pratyeka padArtha anekAnta (aneke antAH dharmAH yasmin sa anekAntaH) rUpa meM pAyA jAtA hai, jo (dharma) vizeSatAeM paraspara-viruddha pratIta hotI haiM (jaise jo putra hai, vaha pitA kaise ho sakatA hai, jo sAlA hai, vaha vahanoI kaise ho sakatA hai, jo pati hai, vaha putra kaise ho sakatA hai ityAdi) ve hI vizeSatAeM eka hI padArtha meM ThIka sahI taura para pAyI jAtI haiN| padArtha kI isa aneka-rUpatA (dharmAtmakatA) ko pratipAdana karane vAlA siddhAnta anekAntavAda kahalAtA hai| ___ yadi hama hAthI kA citra pIche kI ora se leM, to usameM pichale paira aura pUMcha hI dikhAI deMge, aura yadi sAmane se phoTo khIceM to usakI sUDa, dA~ta, A~kha, kAna, mukha, agale paira citra meM AveMge, aura
Page #82
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ yadi ise hI dA~yI ora se khIMcA gayA to vaha anya DhaMga kA hogaa| imI taraha vAyIM ora kaimarA rakhakara phoTo khIMcane se hAthI kA citra pahile tona citroM ne vilakSaNa hogaa| isa taraha eka hI hAthI ke ye citra bhinna-bhinna dizA aura koNoM se bhinna-bhinna prakAra ke hoNge| yadyapi ye sabhI eka dUsare se vilakSaNa haiM, tathApi haiM sava vAstavika aura eka hI hAthI ke| tarjanI (aMgUThe ke par3oma kI aMgulI) var3I bhI hai, kyoMki aMgUThe me tathA kaniSThA (pA~cavIM; mavase choTI a~galI) se lamvAI meM vaha bar3I hai, parantu madhyamA (bIca kI aMgulI) meM vaha choTI bhI hai ! isa taraha usakA choTA aura bar3A honA usa eka hI narjanI meM pAyA jAtA hai| yaha virodhI hai tathApi mApekSa hone meM sahI, saMgata aura maMtulita hai| hamAga bhArata deza hinda mahAmAgara meM uttara dizA meM hai, himAlaya se dakSiNa meM hai. arava deza meM pUrva meM hai aura brahma deza (varmA) sa pazcima meM hai| AkAra me nIce kI ora hai aura pAtAla se Upara kI ora hai| isa taraha eka hI bhArata deza ina chara digAoM se chaha taraha kA hai, chaha taraha meM kahA tathA mAnA jAtA hai; ye chahoM vAte parampara-virodhI hai, tathApi vilkula ThIka haiM / pAMca varSa kA vaccA apane tIma varSa ke pitA se choTA bhI hai, kyoMki usakA garIra choTA hai. garIra nirbala hai. baddhi alpa hai| parantu vahI pA~ca varSa kA vaccA apanI do varpa ko vahana me var3A bhI hai / aura vAstava meM Ayu kI apekSA dekhA jAe to vaha pAMca varSa kA baccA apane 65 varSa ke vAvA (dAdA) se 60 varSa nathA apane pitA se 30 varSa var3A hai, kyoMki usake vAvA ne apanI Aya ke 65 varSa mamApta kara diye haiM javaki usa bacce ne abhI kevala pAMca varSa ha. vitAye haiN| usakA pitA apane jIvana ke 30 varSa bitA cukA javaki usa bacce ka abhI pA~ca varSa hI bIte haiN| yadi tInoM kI Aya 80-80 varSa ho to usakA vAvA kevala 15 varSa aura jiyegA, usakA pitA
Page #83
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 50 varSa aura jIvita rahegA tathA vaha vaccA (vAvA aura pitA se adhika) 75 varSa aura jIvita rahegA; kintu usakI do varSa kI choTI vahana 78 varSa jiyegI, isa kAraNa vaha apane bhAI se tIna varSa var3I hai| isa taraha pAMca varSa kA yaha eka hI baccA apane dhAvA, pitA aura do varSa vAlI vahana se choTA bhI hai aura bar3A bhii| usakA yaha choTA honA na kalpita hai, na usakA bar3A honA anumAnita hai; donoM hI kathana yathArtha haiM, vAstavika haiM; sApekSa haiN| ___isa taraha kisI padArtha ke svarUpa kI chAnabIna kI jAe to yaha aneka dharmAtmaka (aneka rUpa kA) siddha hotA hai, eka dharma rUpa hI pramANita nahIM hotA; isalie jagat ke samasta padArtha anekAnta rUpa haiM, ekAnta (eka hI rUpa) rUpa koI bhI padArtha giddha nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra sUkSma tathA sthala vicAra se anekAnlavAda, yAnI anekAnna kA siddhAnta yathArtha, akATya, aura tarkasaMgata siddha hotA hai| jaba hama kahate haiM ki 'AtmA nitya hai', nava hamAga daSTikoNa (pAiMTa oNpha vhya / maulika Atma-dravya para hotA hai, kyoMki AtmA abhautika dravya hai, ata: vaha na to astra-zastroM me chinna-bhinna ho sakatA hai, na agni meM jala makatA hai; na jala ne gala sakatA hai aura na vAyu se mugna sakatA hai| vaha anAdi kAla meM ananta kAla taka vanA rahatA hai / parantu jaba hama sAMsArika AvAgamana ko mukhya karake AtmA kI paryAya (bhava-dazA) kA vicAra karate haiM to AtmA anitya siddha hotA hai: kyoMki AnmA kabhI manapya-bhava meM hotA hai, kabhI marakara pazupakSI Adi ho jAtA hai| isa taraha eka hI AtmA meM nityatA bhI hai aura anityatA bhii| pumpArtha miyupAya' meM isakA eka sundara udAharaNa diyA gayA hai 'ekanAkarSantI, zlaSayantI bastutatvamitareNa / antena jayati jainI, nItimanthAna netramiva gopI' // 225 //
Page #84
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 84 ( jisa taraha dahI ko mathakara makkhana nikAlane vAlI gvAlina mathAnI kI rassI ko eka hAtha se khIMcatI hai aura dUsare hAtha kI rassI ko DhIlA kara detI hai; isI taraha jaina-padArtha- nirNaya-paddhati ( anekAnta -- vAda) padArtha ke kisI eka dharma ko mukhya karatI hai, to dUsare ko gauNa ( amukhya) kara detI hai, use sarvathA chor3a nahIM detI / ) isa prakAra ananta dharmAtmaka padArthoM ke kisI dharma ko mukhya aura anya dharma ko gauNa karake vicAra karane se tatva kA ThIka-ThIka nirNaya hotA hai /
Page #85
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ saptabhaMgI 'jo tacca mayantaM NiyamA sahahida sattabhaMgahi / loyANa paNha basabo vavahAra pavattaNaTuM ca // ' -kAtikeyAnaprekSA // 311 // ( jo loka prazna-vaza tathA vyavahAra-sampAdanArtha anekAnta kA zraddhAna saptabhaMgI dvArA niyama se karatA hai vaha zuddha samyagdRSTi hai| ) samasta cetana-acetana padArtha sva-dravya, sva-kSetra, sva-kAla aura sva-bhAva kI apekSA se satsvarUpa haiM aura para-dravya, para-kSetra, para-kAla aura para-bhAva kI apekSayA asat svarUpa haiN| yadi aisA apekSayA svIkAra na kiyA jAe to kisI iSTa tattva kI vyavasthA nahIM bana sakatI-- 'syAdasti svacatuSTayAvirataH sthAnAstyapekSAkamAt, tatsyAdasti ca nAsti ceti yugapat sA sthApavaktabdhatA / tat syAt pRthagasti nAsti yugapat syAdastinAstyAhite, vaktavye guNamulya bhAvaniktaH syAt saptabhaMgI vissiH|| -zrIpura pArzvanAtha stotram // 10 // (syAdasti, syAnnAsti, syAdastinAsti, syAdavaktavya, myAdastyavaktavya, syAnnAstyavaktavya, syAdastinAstyavaktavya-ye sAta bhaMga haiN| vaktavya meM gauNa aura mukhya bhAva niyata karane vAlI yaha 'saptabhaMga' vidhi hai / ) ___ bhaMga zabda ke bhAga, lahara, prakAra, vighna Adi aneka artha hote haiM, unameM se yaha 'bhaMga' zabda prakAravAcI liyA hai; tadanusAra vacana ke bhaMga sAta prakAra ke ho sakate haiM, usase adhika nahIM kyoMki ATavoM taraha kA koI vacana-bhaMga nahIM hotA aura sAta se kama mAnane se koI-na-koI vacana-bhaMga chaTa jAtA hai| * 'saptadhaiva tatsandeha samutpAdAt / -myAvAdasiyiH // (kisI bhI padArtha ke viSaya meM mandeha kI utpatti mAta prakAra me hI ho sakatI hai|)
Page #86
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki kisI bhI padArtha ke viSaya meM jo bhI vAta kahI jAtI hai, vaha maulika rUpa se tIna prakAra kI hotI hai (yA ho sakatI hai)-1. 'hai' (asti) ke rUpa meM; 2. 'nahIM' (nAsti) ke rUpa meM; 3. na kaha sakane yogya (avaktavya) ke rUpa meN| ina tIna mUla aMgoM ko paraspara milAkara tIna yugala (dvi-saMyogI) rUpa hote haiM-1. 'hai' aura 'nahIM' (asti-nAsti) rUpa; 2. 'hai' aura 'na kaha sakane yogya' (asti-naasti-avktvy)| isa taraha vacana-bhaMga sAta taraha ke haiM, ina sAtoM bhaMgoM ke samudAya ko (saptAnAM bhaGgAnAM samRdAyaH saptabhaMgI) 'saptabhaMgI' kahate haiN| (1) pratyeka vastu apane (vivakSita-kahane ke lie iSTa) dRSTikoNa (dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva) kI apekSA 'asti' (maujUda) rUpa hotI hai; jaise-rAma apane pitA dazaratha kI apekSA 'putra' hai| (2) pratyeka vastu anya vastuoM kI yA anya (avivakSita) dRSTikoNoM kI apekSA abhAva (nAstitva) rUpa hotI hai; jaise-rAma rAjA janaka (kI apekSA) ke putra nahIM haiN| (3) donoM dRSTikoNoM ko kramazaH kahane para vastu astitva tathA abhAva (asti-nAsti) rUpa hotI hai; jaise-rAma dazaratha ke putra haiM, janaka ke putra nahIM haiN| (4) paraspara-virodhI ('hai' tathA 'nahIM' rUpa) donoM dRSTikoNoM se eka sAtha (yugapad) vastu 'vacana dvArA kahI nahIM jA sakatI' kyoMki vaisA vAcaka (kahane vAlA) koI zabda nahIM haiN| ataH usa apekSA se vastu avaktavya (na kaha sakane yogya) hotI hai; jaise-rAma rAjA dazaratha tathA rAjA janaka kI yagapad (eka sAtha eka zabda dvArA) apekSA kucha nahIM kahe jA sakate / (5) vastu 'na kaha sakane yogya' (yugapad kahane kI apekSA avaktavya) hote hue bhI apane dRSTikoNa se hotI to hai (sthAt asti avaktavya) jaise-rAma yadyapi dazaratha tathA janaka kI apekSA eka hI zabda dvArA avaktavya (na kahe jA sakane yogya) hai phira bhI rAjA dazaratha kI apekSA putra hai (syAt asti avktvy)|
Page #87
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ (6) vastu avaktavya (yugapad kahane kI apekSA) hote hue bhI anya dRSTikoNa se nahIM rUpa (syAt nAsti-avaktavya) hai; jaise-rAma dazaratha tathA janaka kI yugapad apekSA putra nahIM haiM, (syAt nAsti avktvy)| (7) paraspara virodhI (hai aura nahIM rUpa) dRSTikoNoM se yugapad (eka sAtha eka hI zabda dvArA) avaktavya (na kaha sakane yogya) hote hue bhI vastu kramaza: una paraspara-virodhI dRSTikoNoM se hai, nahIM (asti nAsti avaktavya) rUpa hotI hai; jaise-rAma rAjA dazaratha tathA rAjA janaka kI apekSA yugapad rUpa se kucha bhI nahIM kahe jA sakate (avaktavya hai) kintu yugapad apekSayA avaktavya hokara bhI kramazaH rAma rAjA dazaratha ke putra haiM, rAjA janaka ke putra nahIM haiN| isa prakAra saptabhaMgI pratyeka padArtha ke viSaya meM lAgU hotI hai| saptabhaGgI ke lAgU hone ke viSaya meM mUla vAta yaha hai ki pratyeka padArtha meM anuyogI (astitva-rUpa) aura pratiyogI (abhAvarUpa-nAstitva rUpa) dharma pAye jAte haiM tathA anuyogI-pratiyogI dharmoM ko yugapad (eka sAtha) kisI bhI zabda dvArA na kaha sakane yogya rUpa avaktavya dharma bhI pratyeka padArtha meM vidyamAna hai| anuyogI, pratiyogI aura avaktavya ina tInoM dharmoM ke eka saMyogI (akele-akele) tIna bhaMga hote haiM tathA tInoM kA milakara tri-maMyogI bhaMga eka hotA hai| isa taraha sava milAkara sAta bhaMga ho jAte hai| ___ AcArya kahate haiM-'akSareNa mimate sapta vANIH'-saptavidha vAk akSaroM dvArA vyakta hai / yahA~ prathamA, dvitIyAdi sapta vibhaktiyA~ hI jJAtavya nahIM hai, apitu vAk ko saptabhaMgimAe~ bhI vyAkhyAta huI hai| 'sapta vyAhRti' vANI ko saptavidha-saMkhyAna hI honA caahiye| nahIM to kartA, karma, karaNa, sampradAna, apAdana, sambandha, adhikaraNa Adi kAraka kaise siddha kara sakoge; isalie sapta-vidha bhaMga hI zabdazAstra se evaM vANI se kathana karanA sambhava hai / saMgIta ke svara aura ravi, soma, maMgala Adi bhI to sAta haiM, sAta saMkhyA mahattvapUrNa hai|
Page #88
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ syAdvAda 'sthAvAvo vidyate yatra, pakSapAto na vidyate / ahiMsAyAH pradhAnatvaM, jainadharmaH sa ucyate // jAnane aura kahane meM bahuta bhArI antara hai, kyoMki jitanA jAnA jA sakatA hai utanA kahA nahIM jA sakatA / isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jitane jJAna ke aMza haiM, una jJAna-aMzoM ke vAcaka na to utane zabda hI hai aura na hI una saba jJAna-aMzoM ko kaha DAlane kI zakti jIbha (rasanA) meM hai| sAmAnya dRSTAnta hai ki hama aMgUra, Ama, anAra khAkara unakI miThAsa ke antara (miSThatA) ko yathArthataH pRthak-pRthak nahIM kaha skte| kisI bhI iSTa yA aniSTa padArtha ke chune, sUMghane, dekhane, sunane meM jo Ananda yA duHkha hotA hai, koI bhI manuSya use indriya-janya jJAna ko ThIka usI rUpa meM mukha dvArA kaha nahIM sakatA / parIkSA meM uttIrNa (pAsa) hone vAle vidyArthI ko apanA parIkSAphala jAnakara jo harSa huA, usa harSa ko hajAra yatna karane para bhI vaha jyoM-kA-tyoM kaha nahIM sktaa| gaThiyAvAta ke rogI ko gaThiyAvAta kI jo pIr3A hotI hai, use vaha zabdoM meM nahIM batalA sktaa| isa taraha eka to jAnane aura kahane meM yaha eka bar3A bhArI antara hai| dUsare jitanA viSaya eka samaya meM jAnA jAtA hai yadi use moTe rUpa se bhI kahanA cAheM to usake kahane meM jAnane kI apekSA samaya vahuta adhika lagatA hai| kisI sundara udyAna kA eka dRzya dekhakara jo usa bagIce ke viSaya meM eka hI minaTa meM jJAna huA, usa saba ko kahane meM aneka minaTa hI nahIM apitu aneka ghaMTe laga jAeMge; kyoMki jina saba bAtoM ko netroM ne eka minaTa meM jAna liyA hai, unako jIbha (yugapad)
Page #89
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ eka sAtha kaha nahIM sktii| una bAtoM ko kama se eka-eka karake kahA jA skegaa| isI kAraNa prAcIna graMthakAroM ne likhA hai ki sarvajJa apane zAna dvArA jitanA trikAlavartI tathA trilokavartI padArthoM ko yugapad (samasAmayika) jAnatA hai, usakA anantavA~ bhAga viSaya usakI vANI se pragaTa hotA hai| jitanA divya-dhvani se pragaTa hotA hai usakA anantavA~ bhAga cAra jJAnadhAraka gaNadhara apane hRdaya meM dhAraNa kara pAte haiN| jitanA viSaya dhAraNa kara pAte haiM tathA usakA anantavA~ bhAga zAstroM meM likhA jAtA hai| isa prakAra jAnane aura usa jAne hue viSaya ko kahane meM mahAn antara hai| eka sAtha jAnI huI bAta ko ThIka usI rUpa meM eka sAtha kaha sakanA asambhava hai| ataH jisa padArtha ke viSaya meM kucha kahA jAtA hai to eka samaya meM usakI eka hI vAta kahI jAtI hai, usa samaya usakI anya vAteM kahane se chUTa jAtI haiM; kintu ve anya bAteM usameM hotI avazya haiN| jaise ki java yaha kahA jAe ki 'rAma rAjA dazaratha ke putra the'| usa samaya gama ke sAtha lage hue sItA, lakSmaNa, lava-kuza Adi anya vyaktiyoM ke pati, bhrAtA, pitA Adi ke sambandha kahane se chUTa jAte haiM, jo ki yathArtha haiN| yadi una chuTe hue samvandhoM kA apalApa kara liyA jAe (sarvathA chor3a diyA jAe) to rAma-sambandhI paricaya (jAnakArI) adhUrA raha jAegA aura isI kAraNa vaha kahanA galata (ayathArtha) pramANita (sAvita) hogaa| isa galatI yA adhUrepana ko haTAne ke lie jainadharma-siddhAnta ne pratyeka vAkya ke sAtha 'syAt' zabda lagAne kA nirNaya diyA hai| 'syAt' zabda kA artha 'kathaMcit' yAnI 'kisI-dRSTikoNa se' yA 'kimI apekSA se' hai / arthAt jo vAta kahI jA rahI hai, vaha kisI eka apekSA se (kisI eka dRSTikoNa se) kahI jA rahI hai, jisakA
Page #90
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 'abhiprAya yaha pragaTa hotA hai ki yaha viSaya anya dRSTikoNoM se yA anya apekSAoM se anya aneka prakAra bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| tadanusAra rAma ke viSaya meM yoM kaheMge-syAt (rAjA dazaratha kI apekSA) rAma putra haiN| 'syAt' (sItA kI apekSA) rAma 'pati' haiN| syAt (lakSmaNa kI apekSA) rAma 'mAtA-bhAI' haiN| syAt (lavAMkuza kI apekSA) rAma 'pitA' haiN| syAt (rAjA janaka kI apekSA) rAma 'jAmAtA' (dAmAda) haiN| isa taraha 'syAt' zabda lagAne se usa var3I bhArI truTi (galatI), uparyukta pAMca vAtoM meM se eka hI bAta kahane para hotI hai, kA samyak parihAra ho jAtA hai| yAno-rAma 'putra' to haiM, kintu ve sarvathA (hara taraha se) putra hI nahIM haiM, ve pati, bhAI, pitA, dAmAda Adi bhI to. haiN| hA~, ve rAjA dazaratha ko apekSA se putra hI haiN| isa 'apekSA' zabda se usake anya dUsare pati, bhAI, pitA, dAmAda Adi sambandha surakSita rahe Ate haiN| syAt bhArata (himAlaya kI apekSA) dakSiNa meM hai| isase yahI dhvani nikalatI hai ki bhArata deza sarvathA (hara eka taraha se sarvathA) dakSiNa meM hI nahIM hai, apitu anya dRSTikoNoM se anya dizAoM meM bhI hai| tadanusAra-'syAt (paryAya kI apekSA-manuSya, pazu Adi nazvara zarIroM kI dRSTi se) jIva anitya hai'| isa satya vAta kI bhI rakSA ho jAtI hai| isa prakAra 'syAt' nipAta ke saMyoga se saMsAra ke sabhI saiddhAntika vivAda zAnta ho jAte haiM aura pUrNa satya kA jJAna ho jAtA hai| kisI bhavana ke cAroM ora khar3e hokara cAra phoTogrAphara yadi usa bhavana ke phoTo leM, to usa eka hI bhavana ke cAroM phoTo cAra
Page #91
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ vibhinna (alaga-alaga taraha ke hoNge| yadi ye cAroM apane-apane phoToM ko ThIka batAkara paraspara jhagar3ane lage ki 'merA phoTo ThIka hai, tuma tInoM ke phoTo galata hai to usa vivAda kA yathArtha tathA cAroM phoTogrApharoM ke lie saMtoSajanaka nirNaya (phaisalA) 'syAt' koI eka (iSTa) dRSTikoNa kara sakatA hai| tadanusAra nirNaya diyA jAegA ki 'syAt' (sAmane kI apekSA) isa (bhavana ke sAmane khar3e hokara, khIMcane vAle) phoTogrAphara kA phoTo ThIka hai| 'syAt' (pIche bhAga kI apekSA) pIche se phoTo lene vAle kA phoTo ThIka hai| 'syAt' (dAhinI ora kI apekSA) dAhinI ora se phoTo lene vAle phoTogrAphara kA phoTo ThIka hai| 'syAt' (vAI ora kI apekSA) vAI ora se phoTo lene vAle phoTogrAphara kA phoTo ThIka hai| isa taraha savakA saMtoSajanaka yathArtha nirNaya 'syAt' lagAne se ho jAtA hai| jagat ke vibhinna mata-matAntara apane-apane eka-eka dRSTikoNa hI ko satya mAnakara dUsaroM ke dRSTikoNa se prakaTa kI gaI mAnyatA asatya vatalAkara paraspara vivAda karate haiN| unakA vivAda 'syAt' pada lagAkara dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai| anekAntavAda aura saptabhaMgI syAdvAda ke rUpAntara haiN| syAdvAda eka vAstavika akATya siddhAnta hai; kintu yaha dArzanika tarka-viSaya hai, ata: kucha kaThina hai| aneka vyakti isakA svarUpa ThIka na samajha sakane ke kAraNa ise galata ThaharAne kA yatna karate haiN| aisI truTi sAdhAraNa vyakti hI nahIM, bar3e-bar3e vidvAn bhI kara jAte hai|
Page #92
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ vidvAnoM kI sammatiyA~ hindU vizva vidyAlaya banArasa ke darzana viSaya (philAsaphI) ke bhUtapUrva pradhAna adhyApaka zrI phaNibhUSagajI adhikArI kA kathana hai "janadharma ke syAdvAda siddhAnta ko jitanA galata samajhA gayA hai utanA kisI anya siddhAnta ko nahIM, yahAM taka ki zaMkarAcArya bhI isa doSa se mukta nahIM haiN| unhoMne bhI isa siddhAnta ke prati anyAya kiyaa| yaha bAta alpajJa puruSa ke liye kSamya ho sakatI thI, kintu yadi mujhe kahane kA adhikAra hai to maiM bhArata ke isa mahAn vidvAna ke lie to akSamya hI kahU~gA, yadyapi maiM isa mahapi ko atIva Adara kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai| aisA jAna par3atA hai ki unhoMne ima dharma ke darzana-zAstra ke mUla granthoM ke adhyayana karane kI paravAha nahIM kii|" zrI mahAmahopAdhyAya satyA sampradAyAcArya pa. svAmI rAmamizra jI zAstrI prophesara saMskRta kAleja, vArANasI likhate haiM "maiM kahA~ taka kahU~, bar3e-bar3e nAmI AcAryoM ne apane granthoM meM jo janamata kA khaNDana kiyA hai vaha aimA kiyA hai jise suna-dekha hamI AtI hai, syAdvAda yaha jainadharma kA eka abhedya kilA hai, usake andara vAdI-prativAdiyoM ke mAyAmaya gole nahIM praveza kara skte| jainadharma ke siddhAnta prAcIna bhAratIya tatva-jJAna aura dhArmika paddhati ke abhyAsiyoM ke lie bahuta mahatvapUrNa haiM / isa syAdvAda se sarva satya vicAroM kA dvAra khula jAtA hai|" iNiyA oNphisa landana ke pradhAna pustakAlayAdhyakSa gaM. thAmasa ke udgAra bar3e mahatvapUrNa haiM; ve kahate haiM ki "nyAyazAstra kA sthAna bahuta U~cA hai / syAdvAda kA sthAna bar3A gambhIra hai| vaha vastuoM ko bhinna-bhinna paristhitiyoM para acchA prakAza DAlatA hai|" bhAratIya vidvAnoM meM vikhyAta niSpakSa Alocaka evaM 'sarasvatI' patrikA ke sampAdaka sva. paM. mahAvIra prasAda diyA likhate haiM "prAcIna darje ke hindU dharmAvalambI bar3e-bar3e zAstrI taka aba bhI nahIM jAnate ki jainiyoM kA syAvAda kisa cir3iyA kA nAma hai / dhanyavAda hai jarmanI,
Page #93
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ phAMsa aura iglaiMDa ke kucha vidyAnurAgI vizeSajJoM ko jinakI kRpA se isa dharma ke anuyAyiyoM ke kIrti-kalApa kI khoja kI ora bhArata varSa ke itara janoM kA kA dhyAna AkRSTa huaa| yadi ye videzI vidvAn janoM ke dharma-granthoM kI AlocanA na karate, unake prAcIna lekhakoM kI mahattA pragaTa na karate to hama loga zAyada Aja bhI pUrvavat ajJAna ke andhakAra meM hI DUbe rhte'| mahAtmA gA~dhI jI likhate haiM "merA anubhava hai ki apanI dRSTi se maiM sadA satya hI hotA hU~, kintu mere ImAnadAra Alocaka taba bhI mujhameM galatI dekhate haiM / pahale maiM apane ko hI sahI aura unheM ajJAnI mAna letA thA, kintu aba maiM mAnatA hai ki apanIapanI jagaha hama donoM ThIka haiM, kaI aMghoM ne hAthI ko alaga-alaga TaTolakara usakA jo varNana kiyA thA vaha dRSTAnta anekAntavAda kA sabase acchA udAharaNa hai / isI siddhAnta ne mujhe yaha batalAyA hai ki musalamAna kI jA~ca muslima dRSTikoNa se tathA IsAI kI parIkSA IsAI dRSTikoNa se kI jAnI cAhiye / pahale maiM mAnatA thA ki mere virodhI ajJAna meM haiN| Aja maiM virodhiyoM kI dRSTi se bhI dekha sakatA huuN| merA anekAntavAda satya, aura ahiMsA-ina yugala siddhAntoM kA hI pariNAma hai|" uttara pradeza ke bhUtapUrva mukhyamaMtrI sva. DaoN. sampUrNAnandajI likhate haiM___ "anekAntavAda yA saptabhaMgInyAya jaina-darzana kA mukhya siddhAnta hai| pratyeka padArtha ke jo sAta anta yA svarUpa jaina zAstroM meM kahe gaye haiM, unako ThIka rUpa meM svIkAra karane meM Apatti ho sakatI hai| kucha vidvAn bhI sAta meM kucha ko gauNa mAnate haiN| sAdhAraNa manuSya ko vaha samajhane meM kaThinAI hotI hai ki eka hI vastu ke lie eka hI samaya meM hai aura nahIM hai, donoM bAteM kaise kahI jA sakatI haiM, parantu kaThinAI ke hote hue bhI vastusthiti to mI hI hai|" zrI . esa. vI. niyogI ema. e., ela.ela.ema., ela.sI. bhUtapUrva cIpha jasTisa nAgapura hAIkorTa tathA upakulapati nAgapura vizvavidyAlaya, likhate hai-- "jainAcAryoM kI yaha vRtti abhinandanIya hai ki unhoMne IzvarIya Aloka (Revelation) ke nAma para apane upadezoM meM hI satya kA ekAdhikAra nahIM batAyA, isake phalasvarUpa unhoMne sAmpradAyikatA aura dharmAndhatA ke durgaNoM ko dUra kara diyaa| jisake kAraNa mAnava-itihAsa bhayaMkara dvandva aura
Page #94
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ raktapAta ke dvArA kalaMkita huaa| anekAntavAda athavA syAdvAda vizva ke darzanoM meM advitIya haiN| . . . . 'syAdvAda sahiSNutA aura kSamA kA pratIka hai, kAraNa vaha yaha mAnatA hai ki dUsare vyakti ko bhI kucha kahanA hai| * * * 'samyagdarzana aura syAdvAda ke siddhAnta audyogika paddhati dvArA prastuta kI gaI jaTila samasyAoM ko sulajhAne meM atyadhika kAryakArI hoNge|-jain zAsana, pR.24-25 saMskRta ke udbhaTa vidvAn ga. gaMgAnAthajI mA ne likhA hai 'jaba se maiMne zaMkarAcArya dvArA jaina siddhAnta kA khaNDana par3hA hai taba se mujhe vizvAsa huA ki isa siddhAnta meM bahuta kucha hai jise vedAnta ke AcArya ne nahIM samajhA / aura jo kucha aba taka jainadharma ko jAna sakA hU~ usase merA dRr3ha vizvAsa huA hai ki yadi ve jainadharma ko usake mUla granthoM se dekhane kA kaSTa uThAte to unheM jainadharma kA virodha karane kI koI bAta nahIM miltii|' zrI pro. Ananda zaMkara bAbU bhAI dhruva likhate haiM "mahAvIra ke siddhAnta meM batAye gaye syAdvAda ko kitane hI loga saMzayabAda kahate haiM, ise maiM nahIM mAnanA / myAdvAda saMzayavAda nahIM hai, kintu vaha eka dRSTi-bindu hamako upalabdha kaga detA hai| vizva kA kisa rIti se avalokana karanA cAhie yaha hameM sikhAtA hai / yaha nizcaya hai ki vividha dRSTi-binduoM dvArA nirIkSaNa kiye binA koI bhI vastu sampUrNa svarUpa meM A nahIM sktii| syAvAda (jainadharma) para AkSepa karanA yaha anucita hai|" varNI abhinandana anya meM paM. baladeva upAdhyAya ne likhA hai___ "upaniSadoM meM kimI eka hI mata ke pratipAdana kI bAta (ekAnta) aitihAsika dRSTi se nitAnta heya hai, unakI samatA to usa jJAna ke mAnasarovara (anekAnta) se hai jahA~ se bhinna-bhinna dhArmika tathA dArzanika dhArAeM nikalakara isa bhArata-bhUmi ko ApyAyita karatI AyI haiN| isa dhArA (syAdvAda) ko agrasara karane meM hI jaina dharma kA mahatva hai| isa dharma kA AcaraNa sadA pratyeka jIva kA kartavya hai / vardhamAna tIrthakara ne spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai|" anaMtazayanam ayyaMgAra, (adhya lokasabhA bhU.pU.) likhate haiM "bhArata ke mahAna saMtoM, jaise jainadharma ke tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva va bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadezoM ko hameM par3hanA caahie| Aja unheM apane jIvana meM utArane kA sabase ThIka samaya A pahuMcA hai; kyoMki jainadharma kA tatvajJAna anekAnta (sApekSya paddhati) para AdhArita hai, aura jainadharma kA AcAra ahiMsA para
Page #95
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 95 pratiSThApita hai / jainadharma koI pArasparika vicAroM, aihika va pAralaukika mAnyatAoM para andha zraddhA rakhakara calane vAlA sampradAya nahIM hai, vaha mUlataH eka vizuddha vaijJAnika dharma hai / usakA vikAsa evaM prasAra vaijJAnika DhaMga se huA hai| kyoMki jaina dharma kA bhautika vijJAna, aura AtmavidyA kA kramika anveSaNa Adhunika vijJAna ke siddhAntoM se samAnatA rakhatA hai| jainadharma ne vijJAna ke una sabhI pramukha siddhAntoM kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai / jaise ki padArthavidyA, prANizAstra, manovijJAna aura kAla, gati-sthiti, AkAza evaM tatvAnusaMdhAna | zrI jagadIza candra basu ne vanaspati meM jIvana ke astitva ko siddha kara jainadharma ke pavitra dharmazAstra bhagavatI sUtra ke vanaspati kAyika jIvoM ke cetanatva ko pramANita kiyA hai / " 00
Page #96
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ zaMkarAcArya aura syAdvAda 'AcArya zaMkara ne jainoM ke syAdvAda ko 'saMzayavAda' tathA 'anizcitavAda' kI saMjJA dI hai| usakA kAraNa yaha hai ki unhoMne 'syAdasti' kA Azaya 'zAyada' ke rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA hai; kintu AcArya zaMkara ke isa mantavya ko jaina dArzanika svIkAra nahIM krte| ve vastu ko aneka dharma (guNa) vAlI kahate haiM aura syAdasti' ke sAtha 'eva' zabda kA prayoga karate haiN| isalie syAdvAdI siddhAnta kA samarthaka vidvAn kisI bhI vastu ke sambandha meM nirNaya dete hue yahI kahegA ki amuka apekSA se hI aisA hotA hai| zaMkarAcArya ne jo yaha zaMkA vyakta kI hai ki eka hI padArtha meM nitya aura anitya dharma nahIM raha sakate; usakA uttara Upara ke udAharaNa meM diyA jA cukA hai, arthAt jaise eka hI vyakti apane putra kI apekSA pitA hai aura apane pitA kI apekSA putra bhI hai, isI prakAra eka hI padArtha meM do virodhI dharma apekSA bheda se rahate haiN| udAharaNa ke lie kendra meM baiThA huA vyakti, usake cAroM ora khar3e hue vyaktiyoM kI apekSA bheda me bhinna-bhinna dizAoM meM baiThA huA siddha hotA hai| usI prakAra padArtha ke nityAnitya dharmoM meM koI virodha nahIM Ane pAtA, choTI aura bar3I vastuoM kA choTApana aura var3Apana apekSA bheda isameM koI sandeha nahIM ki anekAnta kA anusaMdhAna bhArata kI ahisA sAdhanA kA carama utkarSa hai aura sArA saMsAra ise jitanI hI zIghra apanAyegA, vizva meM zAnti bhI utanI hI zIghra sthApita hogii|' 1. bhAratIya darzana, vAcaspati gairolA, pRSTha 116, 2. saMskRti ke cAra pradhyAya, rAmadhArIsiMha 'dinakara', pRSTha 137
Page #97
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 97 'siddhiranekAntAt' - ( zabdArNava cantrikA, somadeva sUri- 1 ) "siddhiH zabdAnAM niSpatizaMptirvA bhavatyanekAntAt / astitvana:stitvanityatvAnityatva vizeSaNa vizeSAdyAtmakatvAt dRSTeSTa pramANAviruddhAcAzAstra, parisamApterityevo'dhikAro beSitavyaH / vakyati - sAtyetAdiritianekAntAdhikAre satyevAdyanta vyapadezo ghaTate andhayA tadabhAvAt kiM kena saha gRhyet yataH sajJA sthAt / " ( anekAnta se siddhi hotI hai; arthAt zabdoMkI niSpatti athavA jJapti anekAnta se hotI hai| astitva- nAstitva, nityatva- anityatva, vizeSaNa aura vizeSya Adi anekAntAtmaka haiM ataH iSTa pramANa se aviruddha dRSTigocara hone se isa anekAnta kA adhikAra isa ( vyAkaraNa zAstra) kI parisamApti paryanta jAnanA caahiye| jaisA ki Age kahA jAegA / 'sAtyetAdi' ( sUtra ) jisakA artha hai ' itsaMjJaka ke sAtha uccAryamANa Adi varNa apane sahita una madhyapatita varNAkSaroM kA grAhaka hotA hai' arthAt 'aN' yaha pratyAhAra hai| isameM 'a i u N' sUtrAntaHstha varNoM kA grahaNa hai / prathamAkSara a aura antya N ke madhyavartI 'i- u' kA grahaNa bhI hotA hai / yaha anekAnta adhikAra hone para hI ghaTita ho sakatA hai anyathA usake abhAva meM kisase kisakA grahaNa kiyA jAe kI saMjJA kA nirmANa ho / ) 'sarvAntavattadguNa mukhyakalpaM, sarvAntazUnyaM ca mitho'napekSam / sarvApadAmantakaraM nirantaM, sarvodayaM tIrthamidaM tavaiva // 62 // -- AcArya samantabhadra yuktyAnuzAsana ( he tIrthaMkara mahAvIra, ApakA hI yaha dharmatIrtha sarvodaya sarva abhyudayakArI hai anya kA nahIM; kyoMki gauNa-mukhya Adi sarva-dharmAnmaka haiM aura jo paraspara nirapekSa hai vaha sarvadharma - zUnya hai, he bhagavana ! ApakA yaha tIrtha samasta ApattiyoM kA anta karane vAlA aura svayaM bhI anta rahita hai / '
Page #98
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ anekAnta aura syAdvAda vizva ke prANiyoM meM vicAra-bhinnatA dRSTigata hotI hai| yaha Azcarya kA viSaya nahIM; kyoMki vyaktiyoM kA cintana svatantra aura vahumukha honA svAbhAvika hai / yadi pratyeka vyakti dUsare pratyeka vyakti ke bhinna cintana ko virodha kI dRSTi se dekhegA to usakA jJAna apane cintana meM hI sImita raha jAegA aura vaddhamUla hone para vaha ekAMgI vicAra pArasparika dveSa aura asahiSNutA ko utpanna kregaa| ataeva jJAna kI samasta upAsanA cAhane vAle ko apane aura virodhI donoM dRSTikoNoM para cintana karanA hogaa| 'syAt' yaha ghaTa hai aisA anekAntavimarza satya vindu ko prApta karAne meM sahAyaka siddha ho| jainadharma meM anekAnta-darzana isI eka bhinna 'syAt' kI pratIti meM sahAyatA pahuMcAne vAlA tAttvika vimarza-patha hai| syAdvAda kI vyutpatti syAdvAda-'syAt' aura 'vAda' ina do padoM se banA hai| 'syAt' vidhiliGga meM vanA huA tiGanta pratirUpaka nipAta hai| na to yaha 'zAyada' na sambhAvanA aura na kadAcit kA pratipAdaka hai kintu sunizcita dRSTikoNa kA vAcaka hai (e parTIkyUlara pAiNTa oNpha vhy)| ___ yaha anekAnta dRSTi samyagdarzana hai, samasyAoM ke samAdhAna kA ratna-pulina hai| isase bhinna vicAroM para Akroza utpanna nahIM hotA kyoMki Akroza athavA uttejanA apane laghutva se utpanna hotI hai| usake sthira citta meM ina visaMvAdoM se calita bhAva nahIM AtA pratyuta artha kI sarvAga-pUrNatA pratIta kara aura adhika dRr3ha sthairya prApta hotA hai 'sApemAhi nayAH sitA durnayA api lokataH / syAhAdinA vyavahArAt kukkuTagrAmavAsitam // ' -siddhivinizcaya 10 / 27 / / vAkyeSvanekAMtayotI gamyamprativizeSaka : / syAnipAto'rthayogitvAttava kevlinaampi|| -prAptamImAMsA, 1.3 //
Page #99
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ vastutaH siddhanaya ve hI haiM jo apekSA-janita haiN| vaise loka vyavahAra se dunayoM kA sAdhana bhI kiyA jAtA hai; jaise kukkuTa kA grAma meM bolanA, yadyapi kukkuTa grAma ke kisI eka pradeza vizeSa meM bola rahA hai tathApi upacAra se kaha diyA gayA ki kukkuTa gA~va meM bola rahA hai| yaha nirapekSanaya loka vyavahAra se hai, athavA anya udAharaNa-'vRkSa kapisaMyogI' kapi kisI vRkSa ko eka zAkhA para baiThA hai, pUre vRkSa se usakA saMyoga nahIM hai tathApi kapi vRkSa para baiThA hai, aisA loka-vyavahAra praklupta vyavahAra hai, durnaya haisamartha vacana 'samarthavacanaM jalpaM caturaMga bidudhAH / pakSa nirNaya paryantaM phalaM mArga prabhAvanA // ' -siddhi vinizcaya, (akalaMkadeva) 2 sva pakSa sAdhana meM samarthavacana ko caturaMgavAda yA jalpa kahate haiN| usakI avadhi pakSa nirNaya paryanta hai aura phala mArga prabhAvanA hai| caturaMgavAda vAda ke cAra aMga haiM-vAdI, prativAdI, sabhya aura sabhApati / yaha vivAda carcA ko eka pramakha viSaya hai| vAda kA prayojana 'tatva jJAna kI prApti athavA prApta tatva jJAna kI rakSA' mAnA gayA hai / vAdI prativAdI Adi aMga catuSTaya dvArA nirNIta hone se vAda ko caturaMga kahA hai| isa catuSTaya meM koI matabheda nahIM hai tathApi sAdhya-sAdhana praNAlI meM matabheda hai, vAda kA prayojana niSkarSa kI prApti hai| yaha vAda nyAya-paramparA tathA jaina-paramparA meM dvividha vibhakta hai| nyAya paramparA kA vAda chala-prayoga dvArA bhI apane prativAdI ko parAsta karane kI icchA rakhatA hai, parantu jaina-paramparA tattva-zodha-nirNaya ko mukhya mAnatI hai ataH vijigISA rakhate hue bhI nyAyarIti kA anusaraNa karanA ucita mAnatI hai| vAda kA aMtima pariNAma jaya-parAjaya hai| isa jaya athavA parAjaya kI sthiti meM bhI ahiMsaka dRSTikoNa ko hI jainAcArya akalaMka deva ne mahattva diyA hai|
Page #100
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ upasaMhAra padArtha-vicAra tathA yathArtha tAtvika nirNaya syAdvAda dvArA hI hotA hai| eka hI dRSTikoNa se vicAra karanA jahA~ pArasparika vivAda kA mUla kAraNa rahatA hai, vahIM eka adhurA evaM asatya bhI rahatA hai, ye truTiyA~ syAdvAda se dUra ho jAtI hai| ataH baddhi-vikAsa, yathArtha nirNaya, pArasparika vivAda-nivAraNa ke liye syAdvAda siddhAnta parama upayogI hai| anekAntavAda, saptabhaGgIvAda, 'syAdvAda' ke hI nAmAntara haiN| 'naya ananta iha vidhi kahI, mila na kAhU koI / jo saba nai sAdhana kare, sthADhAva hai soii||' -nATaka samayasAra, banArasIdAsa // 7 // naya* aneka hai, koI kisI se nahIM milate, paraspara viruddha hai aura jo sava nayoM ko sAdhatA hai, vaha 'syAhAda' hai| DD *mAtA ke hRdaya ke abhiprAya ko 'naya' kahate haiM