Nay Rahasya

Author(s): Yashovijay Gani
Publisher: Andheri Gujarati Jain Sangh
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022472/1

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zrI zaMkhezvarapArzvanAthAya namaH R mahopAdhyAya-nyAyavizArada-nyAyAcArya jainadharma prabhAvaka zrI yazovijayagaNivarya viracita ISE na ya ra ha sya [vipravarya-SaDdarzananiSNAta-paDita zrI durgAnAtha jhA kRta hindIvivecanAlaMkRta ] E Beth@@SANEOBODOBOBBBBBD) PREPAIRPEPPPERSPIRELEPROSPITERSNEPAROIRPRIFICE vi saM. 2040 -: prakAzaka :adherI gujarAtI jaina saMgha _c/o. karamacaMda jaina pauSadhazAlA irlAbrIja-vilepArle muMbaI-56 mUlya 25-00 mondogpoooooooooooooooooorarmara

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prathamAvRtti vIra saMvat-2510 vi. ,, -2040 -: prAptisthAna :1-sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra hAthIkhAnA-ratanapoLa-ahamadAbAda 2-aMdherI gujarAtI jana saMgha-muMbaI 3-pArzvaprakAzana, ahamadAbAda mUlya 25-00 [ sarvAdhikAra zramaNapradhAna zrI jaina saMgha ko svAyatta ] isa grantha ke mudraNa kA vyaya aMdherI-gujarAtI jaina saMgha ke jJAnanidhi meM se kiyA gayA hai| [ sA vidyA yA vimuktaye ] -: mudraka :sarasvatI kampojha khAnapura-ahamadAbAda

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prakAzakIyaspandana eka hI vastu meM paraspara viruddha dharmoM kA honA jisa darzana ko abhimata nahIM hai ve sabhI darzana ekAMta hai / ina darzano meM ekAMtavAda hone ke kAraNa vastu ke svarUpako samajhane kA kArya kevala pramANa vyavasthA se cala jAtA hai| kintu jaina darzana meM esI bAta nahIM hai / vastu ke svarUpa ko samajhane ke liye bhinna bhinna dRSTi se jA~canA jaina darzana meM anivArya hai / phalataH vividha apekSA se eka hI vastu meM nityatva-anityatva, astitvanAstitva Adi paraspara virodhI dharma, saMzodhana ke phalasvarUpa dikhAI par3ate haiM / vastu kaisI hai ? isa prazna kA nirAkaraNa jaba kisI eka apekSA se kiyA jAtA hai taba usa samAdhAna se prApta huA jJAna 'naya' hai / yadyapi naya ekAMta hotA hai tathApi vaha anya naya se prApya dharbha kA niSedha nahIM karatA hai / tathA, isI prakAra nayoM ke samUha se vastu ke samagra svarUpa ko jA~cakara samajhanA use anekAMta yA pramANa kahate haiM / jana darzana meM pramANa ke sAtha sAtha nayavyavasthA ke pratipAdana meM yahI mukhya kAraNa hai| tattvArthAdhigama sUtra meM vAcakavarya umAsvAtIjI mahArAjA kahate haiM ki 'pramANanayaradhigamaH' vastu ke svarUpa kA jJAna pramANa tathA nayoM dvArA hotA hai / jana Agama tathA anya zAstroM jIva-ajIva Adi sarva vastu kA jJAna karAtA hai / isaliye jaina Agama tathA zAstro meM prApta hotA huA tattvanirUpaNa pramANa aura naya ye donoM prakAra se hotA hai / yadi jaina zAstroM ko Apa hRdayaMgama karanA cAhate haiM, yadi jana zAstroM se prApta adhyAtma / Apa AtmasAt karanA cAhate haiM to sirpha pramANa kA jJAna kara lene para saMtoSa nahIM mAna sakate haiM, apitu naya kA jJAna karanA bhI anivArya ho jAtA hai / uparyukta vicAraNA prastuta 'nayarahasya' nAmaka graMtha ke prakAzana meM bhI kAraNarUpa hai| vaise bhI naya ke samyak svarUpa kA jJAna karanA baDA kaThina hai / uparAMta, mahAmahopAdhyAya yazovijayajI ma. sA. ne naya kA vivaraNa karate hue navya nyAya zailI kA bharapura prayoga kiyA hai| isaliye sAmAnya vAcaka ke liye isa graMtha meM praveza karanA bhI dularbha ho jAtA hai| isa bAta ko dhyAnameM rakhate hue vivaraNa bhI sammilita kiyA gayA hai| kucha varSa pahale pa. pU. panyAsa zrImad jayaghoSa vijaya gaNivarya se prerita hokara dvijottama 'DitajI zrI durgAnAtha jhA ne nayarahasya grantha ke vivecana karane kA kArya prArambha kiyA / isa kArya meM jitane jainajainetara nyAya ke granthoM kI AvazyakatA thI ve saba pU. panyAsajI mahArAja ne upalabdha karavA diye / eka hI varSa meM vicakSaNa paDitajI ne yaha kArya samApta karake pUjya panyAsajI ko samarpita kiyA / pUjya panyAsajI ne isa vivecana ko apane ziSya pU. muni zrI jayasudara vijayajI ko saMzodhana aura sampAdana karane ke liye diyA / pa. munizrI ne jainazAstroM kI nIti-rIti ke anusAra acchI taraha saMzodhana aura sampAdana karake mudraNayogya pAMDu. lipi sajja karake rakha dI / isa bAta kA hameM patA calate hI pUjya panyAsajI mahArAja ke pAsa jAkara isa bahamUlya grantharatna ke prakAzana kA lAbha hamArI saMsthA ko dene ke liye vijJapti karane para pUjya panyAsajI mahArAjane hameM svIkRti dene kI mahatI kRpA kI hai / mAnArha zrI paMDitajI ne isa vivecana meM kahIM bhI kasara nahIM rakhI hai aura mUla grantha ke hArda ko spaSTa karane ke liye paryApta parizrama kiyA hai yaha niHzaMka hai / gujarAtI vAcakagaNa ko yaha prazna avazya hogA ki hamAre jaina saMghameM adhika janasamudAya gujarAtI bhASA jAnate haiN| aisA hone ke bAvajuda bhI bhAvAnuvAda hindI bhASA meM hai / aisA kyoM ? isa kA uttara yaha hai ki hindI bhAvAnuvAda vivaraNa ko pragaTa karate samaya hamAre sAmane do bAteM thI / eka to hameM paMDitajI durgAnAtha jhA kI ora se isa grantha kA bhAvAnuvAda vivaraNa hindI meM hI prApta huA / dUsare, hamArA mAnanA

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hai kI jo vAcaka varga isa prakAra ke sAhitya ke liye utsuka hai, tathA ise samajhane kI kakSA meM prApta hai unheM hindI samajhane meM kaThinAI nahIM honI cAhie tathA graMtha samajha ne meM saukarya bhI rhegaa| adhika, hindI anuvAda ke kAraNa vizAla vAcakavarga isa gratha kA lAbha le paaegaa| 'Ditavarya zrI durgAnAtha jhA maithilI vidvAna hone para bhI kaI varSoM se amadAvAda meM A base haiM / prAcIna aura navyanyAya ke to ve diggaja vidvAna hai / aneka jaina sAdhu-sAdhvI ko kaI varSoM se tarkazAstra ke Akara granthoM ko par3hA rahe haiM / jaina sAdhuoM ke paricaya se jainanyAya se bhI ve suparicita ho gaye haiN| upA0 zrI yazovijaya ma0 ke granthoM ko ve Adara kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM / ataH una kA kiyA huA yaha bhAvAnuvAda vivaraNa aneka dRSTi se upAdeya banegA isa meM koI saMdeha nahIM hai / pIDitajI ne baDe kauzala se isa kArya ko sampUrNa kiyA hai etadartha hamAre to ve baDe dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| pU. munirAja zrI jayasudara vijayajI mahArAja ne zrImadupAdhyAyajI ke svahastAdarzaprati ke anusAra mUla grantha ko zuddha karane meM. hindI vivecana ke saMzodhana meM aura usa ke sampAdanAdi meM paryApta parizrama kiyA hai-isa meM koI saMdeha nahIM hai| cAritrasamrATa karmasAhityaniSNAta siddhAntamahodadhi sva. pUjyapAda AcAryabhagavata zrI vijaya premasUrIzvarajI ma. sA. hamAre prAtaH smaraNIya guruvarya hai / ApazrI kI hamAre saMgha prati apAra kRpA rahI hai| vastutaH Apa kI preraNA ke bala para hI hamArA saMgha dharma ArAdhanA ke sthAna para pratiSThita hai| ApazrI ke paTTAlaMkAra 108 vardhamAna tapa olI ke ArAdhaka pUjyapAda AcAryadeva zrImad vijaya bhuvanabhAnu sUrijI ma. sA. ke bhI hamAre saMgha ke Upara agaNita upakAra haiM / ApazrI ke zubhAziSa ke kAraNa hI prastuta graMtha saphalatA se prakAzita ho rahA hai / ApazrI ke praziSya evaM zAntamUrti sva. pU. munirAjazrI dharma ghoSavijayajI ma. sA. ke gItArtha ziSTaratna panyAsapravara pa. pU. jayaghoSavijayajI ma. sA. ne sadA hamAre saMgha ko ratnatrayI kI ArAdhanA ke liye apramatta bhAva se preraNA dI hai / bahuzruta vidvAn pa. pU. munirAjazrI jayasudaravijayajI ma.sA. ko hama kaise bhUla sakate haiM ? ApazrI prauDhaprajJA ke kAraNa syAdvAdakalpalatA, sanmatitarka prakaraNa, upadezarahasya Adi aneka jaTila graMthoM ke saphala saMzodhaka-sapAdaka yA anuvAdaka haiM / ApazrIne isa graMtha kA bhI saMzodhana saMpAdana baDI kuzalatA se paripUrNa kiyA hai / ApazrI ke upakAra kA RNa adA karane ke liye hama asamartha haiN| jina kI prAthamika Arthika sahAya se paDitajI ne isa grantha kA nizcintarUpa se vivecana kArya siddha kiyA hai ve-ArAdhanAbhuvana jana saMgha (dAdara-mubaI) TrasTa ke sadasya bhI dhanyavAdAha haiN| . isa graMtha ke suMdara mudraNa ke liye zrI azvinabhAI, sarasvatIkaMpojhavAle dhanyavAda ke pAtra hai / isa graMtha meM jina kA bhI pratyakSa-parokSa rUpa se sahayoga prApta huA hai una sabhI ko hArdika dhanyavAda / mokSasAdhanA ke mArga meM yaha graMtha pAtheya hai / caturvidhasaMgha isa pAtheya ko lekara sukhapUrvaka dhyeya taka pahaca pAve yahI maMgala bhAvanA prIyantAM guravaH / harSada saMghabI sevakazrI aMdherI gujarAtI jaina saMgha

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prastAvanA zrI zaMkhezvarapArzvanAthAya namaH / baDe Ananda kI bAta hai, pUjyanAda upAdhyAyajI zrI. d yazovijaya mhArAja sAtha zrI saMgha ke karakamala kA alakAra bana rahA hai / vastu kA jJAna pramANa aura naya ubhayAtmaka ho sakatA kI granthamaMjuSA kA eka grantharasna amiTa prabhApu Mja naya janadarzana kA pramukha lakSaNa hai / kisI bhI hai kiMtu vastu kA pratipAdana nayAtmaka hI hotA hai / vastu ke samasta azoM ko eka sAtha jAna lenA saMbhava hai kiMtu sabhI aMzo kI eka sAtha vivakSA kara ke tattad aMza prAdhAnyena pratipAdana karanA sambhava nahIM hai, isIliye aisI vivakSA se pratipAdana karane para vastu avaktavya bana jAtI hai / krama se hI vastu kA varNanapratipAdana zakya hai ata eva kisI eka kramika pratipAdana se vastu kA AMzika yAnI kathacid hI nirUpaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai, sampUrNa nahIM / yadyapi sakalAdeza se saMpUrNa vastu kA pratipAdana hotA hai, kiMtu vaha bhI eka dharma ke prAdhAnya se, sabhI dharmo kA mukhyavizeSyatayA usa se bodha nahIM hotA / yahI jaina darzana kA syAdavAda hai, syAd yAnI kathaMcit, sarvAza se nahIM, aisA vAda yAnI nirUpaNa yaha syAdvAda hai, usI ko anekAntavAda bhI kahate haiM / jaba pratipAdana mAtra syAdvAda garbhita hI sakatA hai taba usa ko tadrUpa na mAnanA yaha mithyAvAda hI hai yA ekAntavAda hai / syAdavAda zabda se hI yaha phalita hotA hai ki vastu kA eka eka aMza se pratipAdana / upadezAtmaka naya bhI vahI vastu hai, isaliye syAdavAda ko hI dUsare zabda meM nayavAda bhI kaha sakate haiM / jana zAstroM kA koI bhI pratipAdana nayavidhura nahIM hotA, ata eva jaina zAstroM ke adhyetA ke liye nayoM ke svarUpa kA parijJAna anivArya bana jAtA hai / yadyapi nayavAda atijaTila, gaMbhIra aura gahana hai, kiMtu sadgurU kI kRpA pAkara aura una ke caraNoM meM baiTha kara abhyAsa karane para kucha na kucha to jarUra hAtha laga sakatA hai / vastu kA pratipAdana kisI eka hI nahIM aneka pahalU se ho sakatA hai, ataH kisa sthAna meM kisa vakta kisa ke Age kauna se pahalU se pratipAdana karanA ucita hai isa kA acchI taraha patA lagAne meM hI vidvattA kI kasauTI hai / zAstrakAroM ne koI eka pratipAdana kauna se pahalU ko dRSTigocara rakha kara kiyA hai isa kA sahI patA lagAne meM hI pAMDitya kI sArthakatA hai / nayagarbhita jJAna sampanna karate samaya yA nayagarbhita pratipAdana karate samaya yaha anivArya hai ki jisa aMza ke Upara hamArI dRSTi hai usa se bhinna, vastu ke sadbhUta azo kA apalApa nahIM karanA cAhiye / pratipAdana nayAtmaka hone se kadAcit suvihita pUrvAcAryoM ke pratipAdanoM meM bhI anyonya virodha pratIta honA asambhava nahIM hai / catura abhyAsI ko vahA~ kisa ne kauna se pahalU ko dRSTigocara rakha kara kyA pratipAdana kiyA hai - isI meM apanI vicArazakti ko kriyAnvita karanA cAhiye, anyathA vyAmoha kI pUrI sambhAvanA hai / bahuta se vivAdoM kI nIMva yahI hotI hai ki eka-dUsare ke pratipAdana kI bhUmikA ko ThIka taraha se dhyAna meM na lenA / kevalajJAna aura kevala darzana kA upayoga kramazaH hotA hai yA eka sAtha ? isa viSaya meM mahAmahIma zraddheya tArkika AcArya zrI siddhasena divAkara sUrijI aura Agamika zraddheya AcAryazrI jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ke granthoM meM vistRta carcA aura eka dUsare ke mata kI samIkSA dekhI jAtI hai / catura evaM tIkSNa buddhivAle zrImad upAdhyAyajI mahArAja ne donoM mata kA gahana adhyayana kara ke una donoM ne kauna se naya ko pradhAna banA kara vaisA pratipAdana kiyA hai yaha khoja kara jJAnabiMdu grantha meM sAmaJjasya kA digdarzana karAyA hai / adhyAtmoniSat grantha meM upAdhyAyajI mahArAja kahate haiM- "yatra sarvanayAlambi - vicArapravAgninA / tAtparyazyAmikA na syAt, tacchAstra tApazuddhimat // arthAt tApaparIkSA zuddha zAstra vahI hai jisa meM bhinna bhinna nayoM ke vicAra rUpa gharSaNa se carcA kA prabala agni uddIpta hone para bhI kahIM tAtparya

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dhUmila nahIM hotA / " isa prakAra, tAtparya ko kAlimA na lage isa prakAra kI nayAvalambi prabala carcA yaha jaina zAsana kA bhUSaNa hai dUSaNa nahIM hai / isIliye upamitikAra ne bhI kahA hai-"nirnaSTamamakArAste vivAda nava kurvate / atha kuryustatastebhyo dAtavyavaikavAkyatA // arthAt-jina kA mamakAra (aura ahaMkAra bhI) naSTaprAyaH ho gayA hai ve kabhI vivAda nahIM karate haiM (carcA jarUra karate haiN)| yadi ve vivAda karane lage to una kI prarUpaNAoM meM avazya ekavAkyatA lAne kA prayAsa karanA cAhiye / " sArAMza, kahIM bhI zAstroM ke tAtparya ko dhUmila nahIM karanA caahiye| yataH nayavAda bhI nayagarbhita hI hai, isIliye nayoM kA bhI koI eka hI vibhAga nahIM hai| anya anya AcAryoM ne bhinna bhinna sthAna meM una kA bhinna bhinna vibhAga dikhAyA hai / jaise naigama-saMgraha-vyavahAra-RjusUtra aura zabda, esA pA~ca naya kA vibhAga zrI umAsvAtijI ne kahA hai| saMgraha-vyavahAra-RjusUtra-zabdasamabhirUDha aura evaMbhUta-aisA chaH nayoM kA vibhAga sammatikAra ne dikhAyA hai| AvazyakAdi meM negamAdi sAta naya kA vibhAga hai| taduparAMta dravyArthika-paryAyArthika, arthanaya-zabdanaya, nizcayanaya-vyavahAranaya, jJAnanaya-kriyAnaya. zaddhanaya-azuddhanaya inyAdi aneka prakAra kA nayavibhAga upalabdha hotA hai / zrI nayacakra meM bAraha prakAra kA nayavibhAga bhI upalabdha hai / sAta naya kA vibhAga hI sarvAdhika prasiddha hone se isa nayarahasya grantha meM sAta nayoM kA hI vivaraNa kiyA gayA hai| nayoM kA spaSTIkaraNa karane vAle prAcIna aneka granthazAstra janazAsana meM Aja bhI upalabdha hai| sUtrakRtAMgasUtra, sthAnAMgasUtra, samavAyAMgasUtra, bhagavatI sUtra Adi aneka aMgasUtroM meM nayoM kA sUtrapAta dekhA jA sakatA hai| taduparAMta, anuyogadvArasUtra, sammatisUtra, dvAdazAranayacakra, nyAyAvatAra, anekAntajayapatAkA, anekAntavAdapraveza, zAstravArtAsamuccaya, Avazyakaniyukti, vizeSAvazyakabhASya, syAdvAdaratnAkara, ratnAkarAvatArikA, jainatarkavArtika, syAdvAdama jarI, tattvArthasUtra. usa kA bhASya aura vyAkhyAe~, bRhatkalpasUtra, nizIthacUrNi, nayakarNikA ityAdi aneka choTe baDe zAstroM meM nayavAda yA anekAntavAda kA bhalI bhA~ti paricaya diyA gayA hai| yaha to zvetAmbara zAstroM kI bAta huii| digambara paramparA ke bhI aneka granthoM me nayoM kI carcA upalabdha hai| aneka prAcIna grantha vidyamAna hote hue bhI naya ke viSaya ko navInazailI se hRdayaMgama karAne ke liye zrImada upA zAyajI mahArAja ne aneka granthoM kI racanA kI hai / nayapradIpa yaha ati choTA grantha prAthamika abhyAsIyoM ke liye atIva vyutpAdaka hai / usa se kucha adhika jAnakArI ke liye jaina tarka paribhASA acchA grantha hai| usa se bhI adhika jAnakArI ke liye yaha 'nayarahasya' grantha bahuta hI upayogI hai / usa se bhI adhika jAnakArI ke liye 'anekAntavyavasthA' grantha bahuta suMdara hai / 'nayopadeza' meM upAdhyAyajI kI nayasambandhI carama pratibhA kA teja dikhAI detA hai / tattvArthasUtra prathama adhyAya kI vyAkhyA meM 35 ve sUtra meM bhI zrI yazovijaya mahArAja ne paryApta vivecana kiyA hai / isa prakAra aneka granthoM meM aneka rIti se zrImada ne nayakSetra ko vizadarUpa se prakAzita kiyA hai| 'nayarahasya' ke isa saMskaraNa meM, upAdhyAyajI ke svahastalikhita Adarza ke anusAra, pUrva mudritagrantha kI apekSA aneka sthAna meM naye saMskAra-pariSkAra kiye gaye haiM, phalataH pUrva mudrita saMskaraNoM meM azuddhapAThamadraNa mAlaka asaMgatioM ke kAraNa abhyAsIvarga ko jo kaThinAIyA~ mahasUsa hotI thI usa kA mahadaMza meM nirAkaraNa ho gayA hai / pAThakavarga pUrvamudrita saMskaraNa ko isa ke sAtha milAyege to naye saMskAroM kA anAyAsa patA lagA skeNge| 'nayarahasya' graMtha kA akSaradeha nayapradIpa jaisA laghu nahIM hai aura nayopadeza jaisA mahAn bhI nahIM kiMtu nayA hai| isa meM kevala nayoM kA rahasya yAnI usa kA svarUpa, usa kI mAnyatA aura apanI mAnyatA kI samarthaka kacha yuktiyA~ hI pratipAdita hai / isaliye madhyamaruci varga ke liye yahI grantha upAdeya hogaa|

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grantha ke viSaya kA moTe taura para avalokana kiyA jAya to isa meM sAta nayoM kA hI pratipAdana hai / prArambha meM sAtoM naya kA sAdhAraNa lakSaNa aura usa kI parIkSA prastuta hai / naya kA lakSaNa dikhAne se durnaya ke svarUpa kA bhI phalita svarUpa paricita ho jAtA hai / bAda meM, naya ke paryAyavAcI zabda diye haiM / usa ke bAda nayoM meM viprattipattitva kI zakA kA nirasana kara ke bhedAbhedAdi ke virodha kA jAtyantara svIkAra se parihAra kara dikhAyA hai / dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika nayavibhAga dikhAne ke bAda sAta naya kI uttarottaravizuddhi sphuTa karane ke liye zAstraprasiddha pradeza-prasthaka aura vasati dRSTAnta kA vistAra se nirUpaNa hai / usake bAda pratyeka nayoM kA lakSaNa aura svarUpa pratipAdana tathA pratyeka nayoM kI apanI apanI mAnyatA kA samarthana prastuta kiyA gayA hai / naigamAdinayoM ko kitane kitane nikSepa svIkArya hai yaha bhI sphuTa kiyA hai / sAmpratanaya ke vivaraNa meM saptamagI kA bhI sudara paricaya diyA gayA hai / sAta naya ke svarUpa vivaraNa ke bAda jIva-ajIva-nojIva jIva ina meM sAta naya kA avatAra dikhAyA hai / tadanantara kona sA naya balavAn aura kona sA nirbala isa ke vicAra meM kahA hai ki yahA~ apekSA hI zaraNa hai / isa meM kriyAnayAbhimata kurva drUpatvaviziSTa caramakAraNa kI dIrgha samIkSA vizeSataH mananIya hai aura 'kriyamANa kRta' isa viSaya kI bhI samAlocanA sudara hai / isa prakAra madhyamaparimANavAle grantha meM zrImadjI ne naya ke aneka pahalUoM ko manohara DhaMga se prastuta kara diye haiM jo nayapadArtha ke jijJAsuoM ke liye atIva vyutpAdaka evaM upakArI hai / naya ke viSaya meM upAdhyAyajIne jJAnasAra ke aMtima aSTaka meM nayajJAna ke phala kA sudara nirUpaNa isa prakAra kiyA hai-"sarvanayoM ke jJAtA ko dharma vAda ke dvArA vipula zreyas prApta hotA hai jaba ki naya se anabhijJa jana zuSkabAda-vivAda meM girakara viparIta phala prApta karate haiM / nizcaya aura vyavahAra tathA jJAna eva' kriyA-eka eka pakSoM ke vizleSa yAnI Agraha ko choDa kara zuddhabhUmikA para ArohaNa karane vAle aura apane lakSya ke prati mUDha na rahane vAle, tathA sarvatra pakSapAta se dUra rahane vAle, sabhI nayoM kA Azraya karanevAle (sajjana) paramAnaMdamaya hokara vijetA banate haiM / sarvanayoM para avalambita esA jinamata jinake cittameM pariNata huA aura jo unakA samyak prakAzana karate haiM unako punaH punaH namaskAra hai / " niSkarSa yaha hai ki kadAgraha kA vimocana aura vastu kA samyak bodha naya kA phala hai aura usase samyagdarzana prApta hotA hai, puSTa hotA hai aura muktimArga kI ora pragati bar3hatI hai| prAcIna kAla meM jaba bhI AgamasUtroM kA vyAkhyAna hotA thA taba vahA~ nayoM kA bhI avatAra dikhAyA jAtA thaa| kiMtu pazcAt kAla meM sUkSmanayoM kA jJAna sabhI ko pariNata hone kI sambhAvanA na rahane se kAlikazrata ko mUDhanayika kahA gayA arthAt aba kalikazruta meM nayoM kA avatAra nahIM kiyA jAtA / 'taba kyA aba jo sUtroM kI vyAkhyA hai vaha nayavivarjita hai ?' aisA prazna ho sakatA hai / isakA uttara yaha hai ki sUtra kI vyAkhyA ke jo upakrama-nikSepa-anugama aura naya ye cAra aMga haiM una meM se naya to sAmprata kAla meM nahIM rahe isaliye pazcAtkAla bhAvI AcAryo ne jo sUtroM kI vyAkhyA prastuta kI usako anugama svarUpa hI samajhanA cAhiye / yadyapi anugama bhI nayavarjita to ho hI nahIM sakatA, kiMtu anugamAtmaka vyAkhyA meM yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki kaunasI vyAkhyA kisa naya ke avalamba se kI gayI hai| yaha vizeSataH vicAra karane yogya hai| zAstrakAroMne naya kA sarvathA avatAra nahIM hone kA nahIM kahA hai, apitu zrotAvizeSa kI apekSA nayoM ke avatAra : sUtra kI vyAkhyA karane kI anujJA bhI hai| hamAre khyAla se vartamAna kAla meM sUtroM kI jo vidyamAna vyAkhyA haiM ve prAyaH vyavahAranayAnusAriNI hI hone kA sambhava hai cakI jaina zAsana ke sabhI aMgoM meM vyavahAranaya kI hI mukhyatA dekhI jAtI hai| phira bhI anya nayoM ke mizraNa kA bhI inkAra nahIM ho sakatA / isa grantha ke racayitA zrImada upAdhyAya yazovijayajI mahArAja jana-janetara vidvadvarga meM suprasiddha vidvAna haiN| una kA saMkSipta paricaya yaha hai-vi. saM. 1680 ke samIpa gujarAta ke pATaNanagara ke pAsa 'kanoDa'

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gA~va meM janma huA thA / kariba 10 se 12 sAla kI Ayu meM unakI jana dIkSA huyI / apane gurudeva zrImad nayavijaya aura jItavijaya gaNi mahArAja kI chatrachAyA meM UnhoMne jaina zAstroM kA choTI vaya meM bhI gahana adhyayana kiyA / usakI prakhara buddhi pratibhA ko dekhakara baDe baDe vidvAn Azcaryamagna ho jAte the / vArANasI meM unhoMne tatkAla meM vidyamAna aura pracalita mukhya mukhya prAyaH sabhI jainetara dazanoM aura dharmazAstroM kA gaharA abhyAsa kiyA thA / dAkSiNAtya eka mahAn vAdI ko syAdvAda zailI se parAjita karane para kAzI ke samasta vidvAnoM kI ora se unheM 'nyAyavizArada' upAdhi dI gayI thI, bAda meM ve rahasyAMkita nyAyagarbhita 108 pratha nirmANa karake nyAyAcArya bhI bane / dIrgha jIvana kAla meM jana-jainetara aneka viSayoM para inhoMne choTe baDe agaNita granthoM kA nirmANa karake hamAre Upara, sAre vidvatsamAja ke Upara baDA hI upakAra kiyA hai / jainazAsana meM navyanyAya ke viSaya meM inakI barAbarI karane vAle kisI bhI vidvAn AcArya kA nAma sunA nahIM gayA / vi. sa. 1718 meM unheM jainazAsana ke mUlyavAn upAdhyAya pada se alaMkRta kiyA gayA / vi. sa. 1744 meM baDaudA se 20 mIla kI dUrI para darbhAvatI tIrtha (Dabhoi) meM prAyaH mArgazIrSa zukla ekAdazI ke dina una kA svargavAsa huA aura usa sthAna para vahA~ ke zrI saMghane eka stUpa banA kara una ke caraNoM kI dUsare varSa meM hI pratiSThA kI thI jo Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| unake stUpa kA sthAna baDA camatkArI hai aisA kaI logoM kA anubhava hai / maiMne bhI isa stUpa ke camatkAra kA AMzika anubhava kiyA hai| niHzaMsaya aise hI mahAn jinazAsana ke prabhAvaka prakhara pratibhAzAlI zraddheya munipuMgavoM se jainazAsana kI zobhA sadA ujjavala hai| paMDitajI zrI durgAnAthajI jhA gujarAta ke vipravarga meM pratiSThita navyanyAya ke vidvAna haiN| maiMne bhI prAcIna aura navya nyAya kA abhyAsa inake pAsa kiyA hai jisa ko bisara jAnA kRtajJatA ko kho dene jaisA hai| nayarahasya kA vivecana baDI sAvadhAnI ke sAtha unhoMne kiyA hai / hamane bhI mUlakAra ke Azaya kI kSati na ho isa uddezya se isa kA saMzodhana kArya kiyA hai / kSayopazama bhAva kA jJAna hone se isa meM truTiyAM hone kA inakAra koI bhI nahIM kara sakatA / isa liye pAThaka vidvAn varga ko yaha prArthanA hai ki jahA~ bhI koI asaMgati jaisA lage to vahA~ mUla granthakAra ke Azaya ke anukula hI tAtparya kA avadhAraNa kreN| 'gacchataH skhalanA kvApi' isa zloka kA anusadhAna kara ke anta meM yahI prArthanA hai ki isa kArya meM jinazAsana ke viparIta kucha bhI likhA gayA ho to usa kA samyak sazodhana svayaM kara liyA jAya / upakArIyoM ke upakAra kA vismaraNa vipattijanaka hai aura smaraNa sampatti kAraka hai to yahA~ bhI upakArI varga kA pavitra smaraNa kyoM na kiyA jAya ? mahAmahIma karmasAhitya niSNAta siddhAnta mahodadhi sva. AcArya deva zrImad vijaya premasUrIzvarajI mahArAja, una ke paTTAlaMkAra aura hamAre jaise abujha jIvoM ke tAraNahAra darzanazAstranipuNa ugra tapasvI dRDhasaMyamI evaM saphala upadezaka pragurudeva pa. pU. AcArya deva zrImad vijaya bhuvana bhAnusUrIzvarajI mahArAja, tathA unake agraNI ziSya sva. zAMtamUrti munirAja zrI dharma ghoSa vijaya mahArAja ke ziSyaratna Agama-zAstra-rahasyavettA gItArthAgraNI udAracarita pa. pU. paMnyAsa gurudeva zrI jayaghoSa vijaya gaNivara Adi vaDila sayamIgaNa kI mahatI kRpA isa kArya ko sAdyanta sampUrNa karane meM nirantara pravAhita rahI hai, anyathA mere jaisA alpajJa kyA kara sakatA hai ?! jina mahAnubhAvoMne aise mahAn grantharatna ka prakAzanAdi meM pratyakSa yA parokSa tana-mana yA dhana se sahAyatA pradAna kI hai ve saba dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiM / adhikRta mumukSu abhyAsI varga isa grantha kA sAdyanta avagAhana karake Atma zreya prApta kare yahI zAsana deva se prArthanA hai| --jayasudara vijaya navasArI-Aso suda 11-2039

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viSayAnukrama viSaya pRSTha viSaya 1 prakAzakIyaspandana 24 eka svabhAva dravyAntaragata eka zakti 2 prastAvanA se kAryadvaya kI anupapatti 7 viSayAnukrama 25 jAtyantara mAnane para bhI pratyeka doSa1 maMgalAcaraNa nivRtti ke aniyama kI zaMkA kA uttara 3 anubaMdhacatuSTaya 26 pratyeka kAryA'kAritva aura jAtyanta4 adhyavasAyarUpa naya kA sAmAnya lakSaNa ratva meM aniyama kI AzaMkA 5 Adya vizeSaNa kI sArthakatA 27 pratyekakAryA'kAritva kA aniyama 6 dvitIya ,, , " aniSTApAdaka nahIM hai-uttara , vizeSapada kI sArthakatA ,, bhedAbhedobhaya kA ekatra sarvathA asamA7 naya kI sAmAnArthaka zabdAvalI veza anubhavaviruddha 8 prApakatva-sAdhakatva kA artha viruddha ubhayadharmoM ke ekatra samAveza 9 nirvartakatva-nirbhAsakatva-upalambhakatva kA anubhava bhrAnta hone kI zaMkA kA uttara 10 vyaJjakatva kA artha 11 upacAra se naya kI upadezarUpatA 29 dravya-paryAya meM vAstavAbhedavAdI mata kA vistaraNa aura nirAkaraNa 12 do vikalpa se naya meM mithyAtva kI zaMkA ... ,, naya meM mithyAtva zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa 30 ekavacana-bahuvacana ke prayogabheda kI upapatti 13 naya meM vipratipattirupatA kI zaMkA / 14 vipratipattizaMkA kA nirAkaraNa (1-2) .. , vacana bheda vivakSA meM TippaNa 31 eka sAtha ekavacana-bahuvacana kI u0 " , , , (3) vivakSAbheda se vivakSitadharma kI niyata 17 vipratipattitvasAdhaka hetu kA nirAkaraNa pratipatti 18 ekatvAdi saMkhyArUpa na hone kI AzaMkA 33 ArthanyAya kA spaSTIkaraNa 19 bhedAmeda pakSa meM doSoM kI AzaMkA ,, arpitAnarpitasUtra kA tAtparya 20 jAtyantarasvIkAra se zaMkA kA nirasana 34 dravyArthika naya-paryAyArthikanaya 21 pittAdidoSanivAraNa kI anyathopapatti , dravyArthika naya kA abhiprAya kI AzaMkA aura nirAkaraNa --- 35 paryAyArthika naya ,, ,, 22 mAdhurya yA kaTutA guNa ke parityAga se 36 mAtrapada se durnayatvApatti kI zaMkA doSanivRtti kA asambhava 37 durnayatvApatti kA pratikAra 23 guDa-zuNThIyoga dravyAMtara hone kI zaMkA 37 dravyArthikanaya ke cAra bheda -usa kA nirAkaraNa jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa kA mata 24 dravyAntara meM ubhayadoSopazama kAraNatA 38 RjusUtra dravyArthika nahIM-zrI siddha kI zaMkA-usa kA samAdhAna senasari 32

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viSaya viSaya 39 anupayogAMza lekara dravyapada kA aupa- 58 karaNatva-karmatva eka sAtha durghaTa hone cArika kathana kI zaMkA kA uttara 40 paryAyAthika ke tIna bheda prasthakadRSTAMta meM zabda-samabhirUDha-evaMbhUta ,, siddhasena sUri ke mata se cAra bheda 59 tInoM zabdanayoM kA jJAnAdvaitavAda meM ____praveza 40 pA~ca naya kA matAntara jJAnAtmaka-ajJAnAtmaka ubhayarUpatA kA 41 nayavizuddhidarzaka pradeza dRSTAnta samAveza aviruddha ,, pradeza dRSTAnta se naigama-saMgraha aura 61 artha-abhidhAna-jJAna kI tulyArthatA vyavahAra naya kA nirUpaNa vasati ke dRSTAnta meM sAta naya 42 'ghaTa-paTayo rUpam' isa prayoga ke abhAva kI Apatti kI zaMkA naigama ke vividha bhedoM kA abhiprAya 43 ukta prayogApatti meM iSTApatti kA uttara 62 uttarottara ,, ,, meM vizuddhi .pradezadRSTAnta meM RjasUtra naya 64 vizuddhi taratamatA na hone kI zaMkA 44 paJcavidhatva kA nirdoSa nirvacana kA uttara samagratA ko tyAga dene se upacAra ke azakya vinA anvaya kI zaMkA kA uttara 46 pradeza dRSTAnta se zabdanaya kA nirUpaNa 67 'kahA~ ?' aisI AkAMkSA ke alpabahutva 47 zabdanaya kA abhilApAkAra se vizuddhivaicitrya-anya mata 'nojIvaH' zabda prayoga kA tAtparya 69 vasatidRSTAnta meM vyavahAra naya 48 pradezadRSTAnta se samabhirUDha kA nirUpaNa 'vasan vasati' isa bheda para Apatti 49 abheda meM saptamIprayoga yogyatA kI ra anyatragata vyakti meM pATaliputravAsitva AzaMkA . vyavahAra aupacArika-uttara anizcita bodha kI Apatti 70 vasatidRSTAnta meM saMgrahanaya pradezadRSTAnta meM evambhUta kA nirUpaNa 71 , , ,, RjusUtranaya 50 tAdAtmya-tadutpatti atirikta sambandha 73 vartamAna kAla meM hI devadatta kA vAsa mAnya kA abhAva ,, vasatidRSTAnta meM zabdAdi tIna naya 51 bheda hone para sambandha kI AzaMkA 74 naigamanaya kA pratipAdana AkAza aura vindhyAdi kA vAstava 75 lokaprasiddha artha grAhaka adhyavasAya sambandha nahIM hai-uttara 76 durnayatva, pramANatva aura saMgraha-vyava52 prasthakadRSTAnta meM sAtanayoM kA abhiprAya hArAntara praveza kI Apatti , naigamanaya kA vividha abhiprAya 77 gauNa-mukhyabhAva ke svIkAra se Apatti 54 prasthaka dRSTAnta meM vyavahAranaya kA vAraNa , , saMgrahanaya .78 anuvRtti-vyAvRtti buddhi se bhinna 55 ,, meM ghaTAdirUpatA Apatti kA vAraNa sAmAnya-vizeSa kI AzaMkA , ,, anubhayarUpatA , 80 tulyAtulya pariNAma hI sAmAnya57 , dRSTAnta meM RjusUtranaya vizeSa-samAdhAna

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. viSaya pRSTha viSaya 81 atirikta sAmAnyavAdI ko vRttitva 104 dravyArthika-paryAyArthika donoM ke tulya kA prazna abhyupagama kA nirasana , anukta upAlambha kI AzaMkA-vaizeSika 105 zabdanayoM meM dravyasvIkArAdi kI 82 tRtIya vikalpa se vRttitva kA asa- Apatti mbhava-jaina 106 dravyavizeSaNatayA paryAya ke svIkAra atirikta sAmAnyapakSa meM doSApAdana se samAdhAna 83 samAnapariNAma-pakSa meM zaMkA-samAdhAna 107 bhASyakAra ke virodhAbhAsI vacanoM ke .. sAmAnya kI vyAkhyA meM AtmAzraya tAtparya kI zaMkA kI zaMkA 108 tAtparya kA spaSTIkaraNa-samAdhAna 84 ,, ,, durghahatA kA nirAkaraNa 109 mukhyatvarUpa svAtantrya ko lekara tAtparya 85 anuvRttibuddhi kAraNatA pakSa meM AtmA- bheda-samAdhAna zraya-zaMkA 110 'jIvo guNapaDivanno' gAthA vyAkhyAna mRtpariNAmatvAdirUpa se nirdoSa spaSTAbhiprAya kAraNatA-uttara dravyArthika meM matAntara se akalpita 86 sAmAnyaviSayaka buddhi nirviSayaka hone paryAya kA svIkAra kI bauddhazaMkA aura samAdhAna naya meM bhAsamAna vizeSaNa kalpita 88 svatantra vizeSapadArtha kI siddhi meM hone kA niyama nahIM kaNAdamata kA pUrvapakSa sAvajja joga virao0 gAthA kA artha 89 svatantravizeSa kA nirasana-uttarapakSa 113 vizeSaNa kalpita hI hone kI zaMkA 90 sattva kA lakSaNa trikAlA'bAdhyatva aura samAdhAna -vedAntI zrIharSa kA mata 114 saMgrahanaya-saMgrahaNa meM tatpara 93 bheda avAstava hone para abheda kI 116 saMgrahatatparatA kA artha kyA hai ? asiddhi-jaina mata 117 saMgRhIta-piNDitArtha vacana saMgrahanaya 94 naigamanaya kI sUtrAnusAra nirukti 118 tatvArthabhASya ke anusAra vyAkhyA 96 , svIkArya cAroM nikSepa , sattA se itara sabhI vizeSa Avidyaka. 98 cAroM nikSepoM kI vyApakatA para AkSepa 119 cAra nikSepa kA svIkAra 99 avyApakatA pakSa meM satravirodha kI zaMkA 122 saMgraha meM nikSepatrayavAdI kA nirAkaraNa * 123 bhAvakAraNabhUta nAma ke dravya meM anta100 vyApakatA meM saMkoca kara ke samAdhAna pUrNa vyApakatA kI upapatti meM anyamata rbhAva kI samasyA 101 kevaliprajJArUpa nAmanikSepa kA mata 125 vyavahAranaya-lokavyavahAra sAdhaka adhyavasAya aramya 126 vyavahAranaya meM anyApoharUpa sAmAnya guNa-paryAyarahita dravyajIvakalpanA 127 anyApoharUpa sAmAnya kI jJapti meM ayukta anyonyAzrayadoSa zaMkA-samAdhAna naigamanaya meM nAmAdi svIkAra se dravyA- 128 zabdAnugama se anugata vyavahAra kI . rthikatvavyAghAta kI zaMkA upapatti 112

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pRSTha viSaya 129 tattvArthabhASyAnusArI vyavahAranaya kI vyAkhyA 130 'kRSNa' pada kA udabhUtakRSNa meM tAtparya 131 'paMcavarNavAlA bhramara' prayoga meM vyAvahArikatva kI AzaMkA 133 AzaMkA kA samAdhAna 134 vyavahAranaya meM upacArabahulatA kA nidarzana 135 sthApanAnikSepa svIkAra meM zaMkA samAdhAna ardhajaratIyanyAya kA artha ( TippaNa) 136 Rju sUtranaya - pratyutpannArthagrAhI 139 atIta-anAgatAkAra jJAna se vaiparItya kI zaMkA pratyakSajJAna meM atItAdyAkAra kA abhAva- uttara " 140 tasvArthabhASya ke anusAra RjusUtra naya RjusUtra kA vyavahAranayavAdI ko prazna 141 kA prazna mithyA nahIM hai / 144 asat meM bhAvadharma ke asambhava se niSedha ke anupapatti kI zaMkA "" 145 vaijJAnika sambandha ke uparAga se zazasIMga meM nAstivyavahAra-samAdhAna 148 cAra nikSepoM kA svIkAra 149 zabdana - yathArthAbhidhAna " " 10 " zabdaya ke nirvacana meM eka mata 150 sAmpratanaya kA lakSaNa paricaya 151 ke lakSaNa meM avyApti kI zaMkA 152 zabdanaya lakSaNa kI ativyApti kA bAraNa "" 153 sampradAyAnusAra sAmpratanaya kA lakSaNa 154 vizeSitara pratyutpanna arthagrAhI zabdanaya 155 sAmpratanaya meM vizeSitataragrAhitA kI upapatti pRSTha viSaya 156 RjusUtra kI apekSA se vizeSatA vyavahAra se nAmaghaTAdi meM ghaTatva siddhi kA nirAkaraNa bhAvaghaTa aura nAmaghaTAdi meM ghaTazabda prayoga meM antara RjusUtra aura sAmpratanaya kA vizeSa aMtara "" 157 158 158 " 159 159 nirasana tRtIya bhAga sakalasva paryAyAvacchinna sattvaviziSTa ghaTa ke avaktavya ko upalakSaNa mAnane se samAdhAna azakya 161 avaktavyatvAbhAva Apatti kA vAraNa 160 160 saptabhAMgI kA prathama bhAMga saptabhaMgI kI prarUpaNA dvitIyabhaMga prameyatvAvacchedena akumbhatvApatti kA azakya 162 ekapadamAtra janyatva kI vivakSA meM bhI Apatti 162 avaktavyatva kA naye Dhaga se nirvacana se samAdhAnaprayAsa 163 aprasiddhi doSa se naye nirvAcana vAlA prayAsa niSphala 163 nirapekSavaktavyatva ke AThave bhAMga kI Apatti 164 Apatti kA pratikAra azakya " dIrgha AzaMkA kA samAdhAna tRtIya nirvAcana ke svIkAra se saptabhaMgI kA caturthabhaga 165 166 ke paMcama bhaMga kI niSpatti 167 " "" 39 93 chaThe 168 sAtave 169 bhASyakAra ke zabdoM meM saptabhagI kA nirdeza "" "" " 33 " "" ""

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viSaya pRSTha viSaya 170 sakalAdeza-vikalAdeza, syAdvAda-naya 192 aprAptakAla nigrahasthAna kI prApti / 172 kAlAdi ATha kA svarUpa 192 indriya kSAyopazamikabhAva hone se 173 ligAdi bheda se artha bheda svIkAra sirpha audayika bhAva kaise ? . . sAmprata kI vizeSatA 193 evambhUtanaya meM siddha meM sattvabhAva 174 palAlAdi kA adahanAdi kase ? aura Atmatva kI upapatti .. 175 samabhirUDhanaya-sadbhUta arthoM meM asaMkrama 194 nayoM ke dvArA pramANoM kA upagraha-anugraha 176 saMkrama meM saMkarAdi doSa 177 naigamAdinayoM meM ativyApti nivA ,, ,, meM balavAn-durbalabhAva icchAdhIna 195 vividha prakAra se nayoM kA vibhAjana raNopAya 178 sajJAbheda se artha bheda meM gUDhAzaya 196 nizcayAdi meM balavattA ApekSika 179 bhinna padoM se samAnarUpa se artha- 197 kriyAnaya-jJAnanaya meM apanI apanI bodha asiddha vizeSatA 180 pAribhASika saMjJA meM anarthakatva 198 sAmagrI kI vyAkhyAne vinigamanA181 ,,-naimittika saMjJA meM sAmyApatti viraha kA nivAraNa 199 kRrvadrUpa caramakAraNa hI ekamAtra kAraNa182 eka pada meM arthasa kramavat eka artha dIrgha AzaMkA me pada sakrama amAnya 200 'kriyamANa kRta hI hai' isa kA samarthana 183 evambhUtanaya-vyaMjana aura artha kA 201 kRta ke karaNa meM asamApti kI Apatti anyonya vizeSa 202 kurva durUpatva meM jAtisAMkarya kI spaSTatA 184 vyutpattyartha se anvita artha kA 203 cakrabhramaNAdi dIrgha kriyAkAla meM ghaTAsvIkAra nupalabdhi kA rahasya | minAyA jIvana kA asvIkAra 205 bhinna bhinna kAryakoTi kI anupala186 jIvAdiviSaya me saptanayAbhiprAya bdhi kyoM ? 187 'no'jIva' pada kA tAtparyArtha 206 sAmagrIkAla meM kArya vyApyatA kA niyama ___ evambhUta naya se jIvAdi pada kA 207 'kriyamANaM kRta" yahA~ anvaya anupapatti kA artha kI dIrgha zaMkA 188 digambara mata meM siddhAtmA hI jIva 208 zakA kA nivAraNa 189 zuddhacaitanyarUpa prANadhAraNa se jIva 210 'naSTo ghaTaH' prayoga vyavasthA kI anu190 digambaramata kI samIkSA papatti 191 bhASaprANadhAraNa se siddha me jIvatva 211 kRtpratyayArtha utpatti meM atItatvAdi kI AzakA aura samAdhAna ke anvaya me niyamabhaga 191 jJAnAdvaita aura zunyavAda meM paryava- 213 eka pada se upasthApita do arthoM ke sAnApatti anSaya kA samarthana papatti

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viSaya ___ pRSTha viSaya 214, kRspratyayArtha utpatti kA prAtipadikArtha. 224 siddhatva kI siddhatvaviziSTa sAdhyatA me ananvaya doSa meM vyApti 216 nAmArtha prakAraka dhAtvartha vizeSyaka bodha kI sambhAvanA azakya 225 nizcayanaya ke sAmane vyavahAranayaH se 17 naya dhAtu kI nAzata meM lakSaNA dIrghazaMkA kA samAdhAna kara ke anSaya kI upapatti 226 nizcayanaya meM kArya hetuka anumAno218 lakSyArtha prakAraka bodha cintAmaNikAra ko sammata ccheda kI zakA 219 AlbAtA saMkhyA ke anvaya kA 228 kriyamANa kRta nahIM hai-vyavahAranaya vicAra / 23. vicitra nayavAda kA phala rAgadveSavilaya 220 zaktiprayojyatvako kAryatAvacchedaka, mAnane meM gaurava kA vicAra.. 231 vividha nayoM kA bhinna bhinna 221 : 'stokapAka ityAdi do prayoga . abhiprAya kI upapatti 232 caraNa-guNa sthiti paramamadhyasthatA 222 'naSTo ghaTaH' meM pratyayArtha kI cintA 233 granthakAra prazasti 223 siddhatva aura sAdhyatva ke virodha 234 durjanopekSA-sajjanastuti kI cintA 224 : 'kRta' meM bhijavA, kriyamANakRta aura 235 nayarahasya grantha samApti 236 zuddhipatraka

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pariziSTa 1-nyAyarahasye uddhata sAkSipAThaakArAdikramaH pRSThAMkaH udhRtAMzaH 142 atyantA'satyapi-(khaMDanakhaMDakhAdya-1) 109 atra cAdyA nAmAdaya-(tatvArthasUtra 1-5-vRtti) 96 arthAbhidhAnapratyayA-(. .. ) 118 arthAnAM sarvai kadeza-(tasvArthabhASya 1-35) 32 arpitA'narpitasiddhaH (tatvArtha-5-31) 117 ahava mahAsAmana-(hindI) (vizeSA0 bhASya-2205) 169 ahavA paccuppanno (vize0 mASya-2231) 153 icchai visesiyatara (anuyogadvAra-sU0 152). . 37-149 - ujusuassa ege0 ( , ,, 14) 11 uvaeso so Nao (Ava0 ni0-1054) 185 evaM jIvaM jIvo (vize0 bhASya-2256) 99 jattha vi ya Na0 (anuyogadvAra sU0-7) 07-110 jIvo guNapaDivanno (Ava0 ni0 792) 108 NAmAitiyaM daba0 (vize0 bhASya-75) 94 NegehiM mANehiM (anuyogadvAra-sU0136) 189 tikkAle cadu pANA (dravyasaMgraha-189) 176 davvaM pajjAo vA (vize0 2237) (hindI) 41 dAsena me kharaH ( ) 6 nayAH prApakAH.......(tattvArthabhASya 1-35) 120 nAma AvakahiyaM (anu0 sU0-11) 94 nigameSu ye'bhi-( ,, ,,) 136 paccuppaNNaggAhI. ( , -152) ...174 palAlaM na dahatyagni-( ) 27 bhAge siMho naro-( ) 103-109 bhAvaM ciya saddaNayA (vize0-2847)

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14 189 maggaNaguNaThANehiM (dravyasaMgraha-13) 100 yadyatraikasmin ( . ) 152 vaccaI viNicchaya-(anu0-152) 175 vatthUo saMkramaNa (anu0 152) 78-80 vastuna eva samAno ( 183 vaMjaNa-astha-tadubhayaM (anu0 152) / 140 satAM sAmpratAnAM (tattvArthabhASya-1-35) 175 satsvartheSvasaMkramaH (ta00bhA0 1-35) 169 sabbhAvA'sabbhAvo-(vize0 bhA0 2232) 108 savvaNayA bhAvamicchati ( ,, -3601) 115 saMgahaNa saMgihaI ( ,, -2203) (hindI) 117 saMgahiya-piDiyasthaM (anu0 dvAra-152-2) 110 sAvajjajogavirao (Ava0 ni* antargata bhASya-149) 25 snigdhoSNaM dADimaM (

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zrImadvijaya premasUrIzvara sadgurubhyo namaH hindI vivecana vibhUSita nyAyavizArada--nyAyAcArya-- mahopAdhyAya zrImadyazovijayagaNivara viracita nayarahasya [maGgalAcaraNa] aindrazreNitaM natvA vIraM tattvArthadezinam / paropakRtaye brUmo rahasyaM nayagocaram ||1|| indra ke samudAya se namaskRta, tattvabhUta artha kA upadeza karanevAle, aise mahAvIra svAmIko namaskAra karake lokopakArArtha nayaviSayaka rahasyamaya artha ko kahate haiM / [ maGgala zloka kA vizeSArtha ] kisI bhI kArya ke prArambha se pUrva usa kArya kI nirvighna samApti ke uddezya se maGgala karanA yaha bhAratIya ziSTa paramparA kA AcAra hai / maGgala usako kahate haiM jisa se abhilaSita kArya meM pratibandhaka durAta kI nivRtti hotI hai / maGgala tIna prakAra ke hote haiM- 1 AzIrvAdarUpa 2 iSTadevatA namaskArarUpa aura 3 pratipAdyavastu kA saMkSepa meM nirdezarUpa / prastuta zloka meM upAdhyAyajIne do prakAra ke maGgaloM kA AcaraNa kiyA hai / prathamapAda se iSTadevatA ko namaskArarUpa maGgala kiyA hai aura caturtha pAda se vastunirdezAtmaka maGgala ko kiyA hai / aindra-indrasambandhi zreNi se namaskRta / 'indrasya rUpaM aindrI, aindrI cAsau zreNizceti aindrazreNi:' isa vigraha ke anusAra indrake samUha se mahAbIrasvAmI namaskRta hue haiM - yaha artha nikalatA hai / jaina zAstra ke anusAra aneka indra eka kAla meM apane-apane pada para AsIna hote haiM, aisA kahA gayA hai / mahAvIra svAmIne jaba kevalajJAna ko prApta kiyA usa samaya aneka indra unake samIpa eka sAtha hI Akara unako vandana karate the, yaha vastu isa vizeSaNa se sUcita hotI hai / tathA jo indra ke samUha se pUjanIya haiM ve anya se pUjanIya avazya haiM yaha 'kamutika' nyAya se siddha hotA hai / kAraNa, indra devoMkI apekSA se aura manuSyoMkI apekSA se zreSTha mAne jAte haiM / / jo sarvazreSTha se pUjita hote haiM, ve anya se pUjita hone yogya avazya hote haiM, isalie mahAvIra svAmI meM pUjAtizaya kA bhI dyotana isa vizeSaNa se hotA hai / yadi 'indrazreNinataM' aisA vizeSaNa vIrarUpa vizeSya meM lagAyA gayA hotA to bhI pUjAtizaya kA lAbha ho jAtA parantu aisA na karake upAdhyAyajIne aindrapada kA prayoga kiyA hai / isa se yaha bhI sUcita hotA hai ki jisa mantra se upAdhyAyajIko siddhi prApta huI thI, usa sArasvata mantra aiMkAra kA apane pratyeka granthoM kI Adi meM nirdeza

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nayarahasya karanA inakA abhISTa hai, isalie 'indra' pada kA prayoga na karake 'aindra' pada kA prayoga kiyA hai / aindra' pada meM jo prathama akSara hai vahI (e~) upAdhyAyajI kA siddhiprada sArasvata mantra hai| _ 'natvA'-"nam' dhAtu se "tvA" pratyaya lagAne se "natvA' zabda banatA hai / "nam" dhAtu kA artha namaskAra hotA hai / jisa kriyA se namaskAra karanevAle kI apekSA, jisako namaskAra kiyA jAtA hai usa meM utkarSa kA dyota na ho, yahI kriyA 'namaskAra' pada kA artha hai| vaha kriyA yahA~ para zubhamanobhAvayukta karAJjali-mastakanamana aura zabdaprayogarUpa hai / "vIraM natvA" isa zabda prayoga se vIra hama se utkRSTa haiM, aisA bhAva upAdhyAyajI ko avazya rahA hogA yaha kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai / "tvA' pratyaya se 'granthArambhApekSayA pUrvakAkAlInatva' namaskAra padArtha meM bodhita hotA hai| "vIra"ko namaskAra karane ke bAda hI grantha racanA kA Arambha karanA granthakAra ko abhISTa hai, yaha "tvA" pratyaya se vidita hotA hai / 'vIram'-'vizeSeNa Irayati-kampayati zatran'-isa vyutpatti ke anusAra "vIra" zabda kA artha hotA hai zatruoM ko naSTa karanevAlA / 'nAma ke eka deza ke grahaNa se sampUrNa nAma kA bodha ho jAtA hai,' yaha loka-nyAyasiddha vastu hai, jaise-satyabhAmA kA bodha satyA aura bhAmA donoM zabda se ho jAtA hai / satyabhAmA ke lie kevala satyApada aura kevala bhAmApada kA prayoga zAstroM meM bhI pAyA jAtA hai| isI nyAya ke anusAra 'mahAvIra' artha meM upAdhyAyajIne 'vIra' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai| loka meM jo bAhya zatruoM ko jItane kA bala-sAmathrya rakhatA hai, vaha Antara zatru jo "rAga-dveSAdi" una ko na jIta sakane para bhI "vIra" zabda se vyavahRta hotA hai| kiMtu "mahAvIra" svAmIne Antara zatru jo rAga-dveSa Adi haiM, una para bhI vijaya prApta kiyA thA, isalie ve mahAvIra zabda se vyavahRta hue aura mahAvIra zabda una meM rUha ho gyaa| isalie mahAvIrasvAmI meM mahAvIra zabda yogarUDha hai| yogarUDha zabda vahI kahA jAtA hai jisa se avayavArtha ke sAtha-sAtha samudAyArtha bhI bhAsita hotA ho / jaise-paGkaja zabda se 'paGka meM utpanna honevAlA' aisA avayavArtha bhAsita hotA hai aura usake sAtha hI rUDhi se kamalarUpa artha bhI bhAsita hotA hai, usItaraha "mahAvIra" zabda se 'antaHzatruoM kA vijetA' isa avayavArthake sAtha antima tIrthakararUpa samudAyArtha bhI rUDhi se bhAsita hotA hai / isalie "mahAvIra" pada carama tIrthaGkara meM yogarUDha hai / rAgAdi antaHzatruvijetA carama tIrthakara yaha "mahAvIra" zabda kA zuddha artha hai / "vIra" isa vizeSya pada se jo avayavArtha bhAsita hotA hai, usase apAyApagamAtizaya kA dyotana hotA hai| "tattvArthadezinam"-"tattvaM-artha-dizati" isa vigraha ke anusAra 'tattvabhUta artha ke upadeSTA mahAvIrasvAmI the' isa vastu kA isa vizeSaNa se saGketa kiyA gayA hai| tattvabhUta artha vastumAtra meM anekAntAtmakatva Adi hI hai, jo dravyArthikanaya aura paryAyArthikanaya ina donoM ke dvArA samajhA jAtA hai / jainasiddhAnta meM utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyaviziSTatva rUpa sattva sabhI vastu meM mAnya hai| 'uppannei vA vigamei vA dhuvei vA' isa tripadI se

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nayarahasya ukta sattva kA pratipAdana unhoMne kiyA hai, usa se hI vastumAtra meM anekAntAtmakatva siddha hotA hai jo kisI pramANa se bAdhita nahIM hai / anya koI bhI darzanakAra isataraha ke vastutattva kA pratipAdana nahIM kara pAyA / isa se mahAvIrasvAmI hI tattvArthopadeSTA siddha hote haiM / isa vizeSaNa se mahAvIrasvAmI meM vacanAtizaya dhotita hotA hai / vacanAtizaya jJAnAtizaya ke vinA nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki vacana se pUrva meM vAkyArthajJAna honA Avazyaka hai, bAkyArthajJAna ke vinA vAkya kA prayoga karanA unmatta pralApa kahA jAtA hai| isalie "tattvArthadezi" isa vizeSaNa se "mahAvIra" svAmI meM arthApatti nyAya se jJAnAtizaya kA bhI dyotana hotA hai| isataraha maGgala zloka ke pUrvArdha se "mahAvIra" svAmI meM atizayacatuSTaya kA pratipAdana upAdhyAyajIne kiyA hai| "paropakRtaye"-maGgala zloka ke uttarArdha se anubandhacatuSTaya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / anubandha kahA jAtA hai 'pravRttiprayojakajJAnaviSayatva' ko / "viSayazcAdhikArI ca, sambandhazca prayojanam" isa vacana ke anusAra viSaya, adhikArI, sambandha aura prayojana ye cAra prakAra ke anubandha mAne gae haiM / ina anubandhoM ke jJAna se hI granthAdhyayana meM buddhimAnoM kI pravRtti hotI hai / yadyapi iSTasAdhanatAjJAna hI pravRtti kA sAkSAt kAraNa hai, tathApi iSTasAdhanatAjJAna kA bhI kAraNa anubandhacatuSTayajJAna hai| isalie anubandhacatuSTaya ke jJAna meM pravRttiprayojakatA A jAtI hai aura tAdRzajJAnaviSayatA viSaya, adhikArI, sambandha aura prayojana meM A jAtI hai isalie ye cAra anabandha kahalAte haiN| 'anubadhnanti lokAn granthAdhyayane unmukhIkurvanti ye te anubandhAH' isa vyutpatti anusAra lokoM kI granthAdhyayana meM utsukatA jisa se jAgarita ho ve anubandha kahalAte haiN| prastuta grantha meM pratipAdya viSaya "nayarahasya' hai, "nayarahasya" kA jijJAsu hI adhikArI hai aura 'nayarahasya' kA jJAna hI prayojana hai / "nayarahasya' grantha aura "naya rahasya" rUpa artha ina donoM kA pratipAdya-pratipAdakabhAva' sambandha hai / isa taraha anubandha catuSTaya kA pratipAdana uttarArdha se siddha hotA hai / usa meM 'paropakRtaye' isa pada se adhikArI aura prayojana ina donoM kA pratipAdana hotA hai / yahA~ 'nayarahasya' ke jJAna kA pipAsu jo hogA vahI 'para' pada se vivakSita hai aura vahI adhikArI hai, kyoMki usI ko isa grantha ke adhyayana se upakAra ho sakegA, vaha upakAra "nayarahasya" ke jJAnarUpa hI hai jo upakRti pada se kahA gayA hai| isa rIti se adhikArI aura prayojana ina donoM anubandhoM kA sUcana isa pada se hotA hai / nayagocaraM rahasyam-'naya' ke viSaya meM jo rahasya arthAt zAstrakAroM kA tAtparya hai usI kA anAvaraNa granthakAra ko abhISTa hai, ataH isa avayava se "nayarahasya" rUpa viSaya jo eka anubandha hI hai usa kA pratipAdana hotA hai / "nayarahasya" rUpa abhidheyArtha ke sAtha prastuta grantha kA bodhya-bodhakabhAva sambandha rUpa anubandha bhI isI pada se pratIta hotA hai|

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nayarahasya "bramaH"-yaha pada "bra" dhAtu se vartamAna AkhyAtapratyaya mana lagane para banatA hai / abhI granthakAra maGgalAcaraNa kara rahe haiM, isake anantara "nayarahasya" grantha kA Arambha hogA, tathApi bhaviSyat arthabodhaka AkhyAta kA prayoga na kara ke jo vartamAna AkhyAta kA isa se prastuta grantha karane kI pratijJA granthakAra kI sacita hotI hai| zrotA ke citta meM sAvadhAnatAsiddhi ke lie pratijJA karanA bhI Avazyaka hI hotA hai, vaha granthakAra ne kiyA hai / 'avyavahita bhaviSya meM maiM grantha karU~gA' isa prakAra kA jJAna jisa se ho usa kriyA ko pratijJA kahate haiM / vaha kriyA yahA~ "brUmaH" isa zabda ke prayoga se pratIta hotI hai| vartamAna ke samIpa meM jo bhaviSyatkAla hai usa meM vartamAnakAlabodhaka pratyaya kA prayoga ho sakatA hai / "vartamAnasamIpe vartamAnavada vA" yaha vyAkaraNakAroM kA anuzAsana isa bAta ko siddha karatA hai| vartamAna ke samIpa meM jo bhUtakAla yA bhaviSyatkAla ho usameM bhI vartamAnakAla bodhaka pratyaya kA prayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai' yaha ukta vyAkaraNAnuzAsana kA artha hai / isa hetu se bhAdhikAla ko lakSya meM rakhakara vartamAnArthapratyaya kA "brUmaH" aisA prayoga karanA asaGgata nahIM hai, kintu zAstrasammata hI hai| prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI taditarAMzA'pratikSepI adhyavasAyavizeSo nayaH / durnayasyApyadhikRtAMzApratikSepitvAttatrA'tivyAptivAraNAya 'prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI' ti / evaJca tatpadena tadbhinnapratipanthidharmopasthitena doSaH / prakRtavastvaMzagrAhitvamapi dunaye'tivyAptameveti taditarAMzA'pratikSepI' ti / saptabhaGgAtmakazabdapramANapradIrghasantatAdhyavasAyaikadeze'tivyAptivAraNAyAdhyavasAyapadam / rUpAdigrAhiNi rasAyapratikSepiNyapAyAdipratyakSapramANe'tivyAptivAraNAya 'vizeSa'padam // [naya kI vyAkhyA aura usakA padakRtya] "prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI" ityAdi-prakRta vastuke kisI eka aMza kA jJAna jisa se ho aura usa aMza se bhinna aMza kA niSedha na ho, aisA adhyavasAya vizeSa hI "naya" padArtha hai / yathA-"ghaTa sat hai" isa jJAna meM prakRtaSastu ghaTa hai, jo sattva-asattva, nityatva-anityatva Adi anantadharmAtmaka hai / jaina darzana meM dharma aura dharmI kA kathaJcit abheda mAnya hone se ghaTarUpa dharmI bhI sattva Adi ananta dharmAtmaka kahA jAtA hai| tathA dharma aura dharmI kA kathaJcit bheda bhI jainadarzana meM mAnya hai, isalie sattva aura asattva Adi aneka aMza ghaTa meM rahate haiM, una aMzoM meM se sattvAMza jo ghaTa meM 'ghaTaH san' isa jJAna se vivakSita hai-usakA avabhAsa to hotA hai, avivakSita aMza jo asatva Adi hai unakA niSedha nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, isalie 'ghaTaH san' isa taraha kA adhyavasAya "naya" hai| ___ isa adhyavasAya kA bodhaka "ghaTaH san" yaha vAkya "nayavAkya" mAnA jAtA hai| "nayante iti nayAH" isa vyutpatti se bhI, sAmAnyarUpa se yA vizeSarUpa se artha ke kisI eka aMza ko jo prakAzita kare aura tadanya aMza meM jo udAsInatA batAve vaha abhi.

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nayarahasya prAyavizeSa "naya" hai. aisA lakSaNa nikalatA hai, jo granthakArakRta lakSaNa ko hI puSTa karatA hai / "naya" do prakAra se vibhakta hote haiM-vizeSagrAhI tathA sAmAnyagrAhI / "ghaTaH" aisA kahane para kumbhakAra se banA huA vistRta aura gola udaravAlA, gola grIvA se yukta, jala Adi dhAraNa karane meM samartha vyavizeSa kA jJAna hotA hai, vaha jJAna jaba nIla-pIta Adi vizeSa se yukta yA kanaka, rajata Adi vizeSa se yukta kisI eka ghaTa kA prakAzaka hotA hai, taba vizeSagrAhI yA dezagrAhI kahA jAtA hai, tathA ukta vizeSa se rahita sabhI samAna vyaktiyoM ko jaba prakAzita karatA hai, taba sAmAnyagrAhI yA samagragrAhI mAnA jAtA hai / ___ ima lakSaNavAkya meM "adhyavasAya" pada kA niveza hai / "adhyavasIyante-Adhikyena paricchidyante arthA anena sa adhyavasAyaH" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra aneka dharmAtmaka vastu anekAkAra jJAna ke dvArA jisa se prakAzita ho, aisA jJAnavizeSa hI "adhyavasAyavizeSa" pada se isa lakSaNa meM vivakSita hai| ['prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI' vizeSaNa kI sArthakatA] __ isa lakSaNa meM "prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI" yaha vizeSaNa yadi nahIM lagAyA jAya to durnaya meM ativyApti kA prasaMga hotA hai / svAbhipreta aMza se itara aMza kA apalApa jisa se kiyA jAtA ho, usa naya ko durnaya yA nayA''bhAsa kahate haiM, jaise-nityatva anityatva Adi ananta dharmA se yukta ghaTa ko nayAyika vidvAna 'anitya hI hai| aisA mAnate haiM, unakA yaha jJAna durnaya hai, kyoMki unakA abhipreta aMza anityatva hai usako to ghaTa meM mAnate haiM, parantu usa se itara aMza jo nityatva hai usa kA pratiSedha bhI karate haiM / aisA durnaya bhI svAbhipreta aMza kA pratiSedha nahIM karatA hai, isalie 'taditarAMzA'pra. tikSepI adhyavasAyavizeSo nayaH' itanA hI "naya" kA lakSaNa mAnA jAya to "tat" pada sarvanAma hone ke kAraNa anabhipreta aMza kA bodhaka ho sakatA hai, usa se itara aMza abhipretAMza hogA usa kA pratikSepa to duya bhI nahIM karatA hai / isa hetu se durnaya meM naya" ke lakSaNa kI ativyApti ho jAtI hai, jo granthakAra ko abhISTa nahIM hai. isalie "prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI" yaha vizeSaNa denA Avazyaka hai| isa vizeSaNa ke lagAne para 'taditarAMzA'pratikSepI' isa pada meM tat pada se prakRtavastvaMza kA hI grahaNa hogA kyoMki pUrvokta kA parAmarza karanA 'tat' pada kA svabhAva hai / ataH taditara pada se anabhipreta aMza kA hI grahaNa hogA aura usakA pratikSepa ta ya karatA hI hai, isalie ativyApti kA prasaMga nahIM hotA hai| isI Azaya se grandhakAra "evaJca tatpadena tadbhinnapratipanthidharmopasthitena doSaH" yaha paMkti likhate haiM / isa meM "evaJca" zabda kA-"prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI isa vizeSaNa ke lagAne para" aisA artha nikalatA hai / taba "tat" pada se tadbhinna yAnI anabhipreta jo nityatvadharma usa se bhinna usa kA virodhI anityatvadharma kI hI upasthiti hotI hai, nityatva kI nahIM, aura usa anityatva se itara aMza nityatva hai usa kA pratikSepa durnaya meM hotA hI hai isalie doSa nahIM hotA arthAt ativyApti nahIM hotI hai| yaha ukta sandarbha kA abhiprAya hai|

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nayarahasya [ 'taditarAMza0'...kI sArthakatA ] "yadi prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI adhyavasAya vizeSo nayaH" itanA hI naya kA lakSaNa mAnA jAya to bhI durnaya meM ativyApti kA prasaGga AtA hI hai / kyoMki durnaya bhI svAbhipreta aMza kA grAhaka hotA hai jaise 'ghaTo'nitya evaM' yaha durnaya prakRta ghaTarUpa vastu kA jo anityatva aMza hai usa kA prakAza karatA hI hai / isa atiprasaMga kA vAraNa karane ke lie tadita zApratikSepI yaha vizeSaNa bhI denA cAhie / isa dvitIya vizeSaNa lagAne para durnaya meM ativyApti kA vAraNa ho jAtA hai kyoMki durnaya meM vastu ke vivakSita aMza se itara aMza kA pratikSepa hotA hai / 'jaise ghaTaH anitya eva' yaha durnaya nityatva aMza kA niSedha karatA hai / isa naya lakSaNa meM adhyavasAya pada na lagAyA jAya aura 'prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI taditarAMzA'pratikSepI nayaH' itanA hI lakSaNa kiyA jAya to saptabhaGgAtmaka jo zabdapramANa arthAt [ (1) syAdastyeva (2) syAnnAstyeva (3) syAdastyeva syAnnAstyeva (4) syAdavaktavyameva (5) svAdastyeva syAdavaktavyameva (6) syAnnAstyeva syAdavaktavyameva (7) syAdastyeva syAnnAstyeva syAdavaktavyameva ] isa rUpa se syAtpadayukta vAkyaprayoga rUpa zabda pramANa, usa se honevAlA dIrgha aura nirantara adhyavasAya usa kA eka deza syAdastyeva ityAdi kisI eka do vAkyaprayoga se honevAlA abhyavasAya - usa meM naya lakSaNa kI ativyApti ho jAyagI kyoMki usa AdhyavasAyika deza se bhI vivakSita aMza kA parigraha aura avivakSita aMza kA aniSedha hotA hai / isa hetu se usa doSa kA nivAraNa karane ke lie adhyavasAyapada denA cAhie / adhyavasAya pada dene para vahA~ atiprasaMga nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki adhyavasAya ke eka deza meM adhyavasAyatva nahIM mAnA gayA hai, jaise- zarIrakadeza hasta pAdAdi meM zarIratva nahIM mAnA jAtA hai / [ vizeSapada kI sArthakatA ] isa lakSaNa meM vizeSapada yadi na lagAyA jAya to 'prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI taditarAMzaSpratikSepI adhyavasAyo nayaH' itanA hI lakSaNa kA AkAra hogA taba apAya aura dhAraNArUpa pratyakSapramANa meM ativyApti kA prasaMga hogA / jisa apAya se ghaTAdi meM rUpa kA jJAna hotA hai aura rasAdikA niSedha nahIM hotA hai vaha apAyAdi prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI taditazApratikSepI adhyavasAyarUpa hai usa meM naya kA lakSaNa jAnA abhISTa nahIM hai kyoMki naya pramANarUpa nahIM hai, apAyAdi to pramANarUpa hai, ataH pramANa se bhinna naya kA lakSaNa pramANarUpa apAya meM jAnA iSTa nahIM ho sakatA, isalie vizeSa pada denA lakSaNa vAkya meM Avazyaka hai / vizeSa pada ke lagAne para yaha doSa nahIM hotA hai kyoMki sabhI adhyavasAya meM nayatva vivakSita nahIM hai, kintu amuka-amuka-adhyavasAya meM hI nayatva vivakSita hai / apAyAdi pramANarUpa adhyavasAya naya nahIM hai ataH vizeSapada se usakA grahaNa nahIM hotA hai / "nayAH, prApakAH (kArakAH), sAdhakAH, nirvartakAH, nirbhAsakAH, upalambhakAH, vyaJjakA ityanarthAntarami " ti bhASyam (tattvArtha 1- 35)

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nayarahasya [naya kI samAnArthaka anya zabdAvalI ] nayA...ityAdi-tattvArtha sUtra ke bhASyakAra ne naya ke hI sUcaka anya zabdoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki prApaka, sAdhaka, nirbhAsaka ityAdi sabhI zabda naya zabda ke samAnArthaka haiM / yadyapi prApaka, sAdhaka ityAdi zabdoM ke arthoM meM kucha kucha bheda avazya hai, to bhI bhASyakAra ne anarthAntaraM zabda se jo kahA hai usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki vizeSa rUpa se arthaprakAzakatva sabhI meM samAna hai isIlie ina zabdoM ko samAnArthaka kahanA saGgata hI hai| prApaka zabda se 'prApayanti taM tamartha ye te prApakAH' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra svasammata yuktiyoM dvArA una una arthI kA jJAna jo karAve ve prApakakahe jAte haiM / prApaka zabda ko naya zabda kA samAnArthaka mAnane meM nI dhAtu ke artha meM Ni pratyayArtha preraNA kA antarbhAva samajha lenA cAhiye / naya zabda ko kAraka zabda kA samAnArthaka mAnane meM dhAtUnAmanekArthatvAt-dhAtu anekArthaka hote haiM-isa nyAya se nI dhAtu ke prasiddha artha kA tyAga kara ke usako kRdhAtvarthaka samajhanA cAhiye, arthAt-nI dhAtu ko kR dhAtu ke samAnArthaka mAnanA cAhie, kyoMki 'kurvanti tattada vijJAna ye te kArakAH' aisI vyutpatti kAraka zabda kI hotI hai / apUrva vijJAna ko jo kare vaha kAraka kahalAtA hai / naya zabda ko sAdhaka zabda kA paryAya mAnane meM bhI nI dhAtu kA mukhyArtha choDa denA cAhiye / sAdhayanti vijJaptiM janayanti-yaha sAdhaka zabda kI vyutpatti hai / paraspara vyAvRttibuddhi jisa se utpanna ho usa kA nAma sAdhaka hai| naya zabda ko nivartaka zabda kA paryAyavAcaka mAnane se nI dhAtu kA nivartana artha nikalatA hai / nirvartayanti iti nirvarttakA isa vigraha ke anusAra ve adhyavasAyavizeSa jaya kahe jAte haiM jo apane nizcita abhiprAya se utpanna haiN| aise hI naya zabda ko nirbhAsaka zabda kA paryAyavAcI mAnane se nI dhAtu kA dIpti artha sphuTa hotA hai| nirbhAsayanti jIvAdIn padArthAn-isa vigraha ke anusAra vastu ke kisI aMza kA jo jJApana karAve use nirbhAsaka kahate haiM / aise hI naya zabda ko upalambhaka zabda kA paryAya mAnane se nI dhAtu kA upalabdhi artha siddha hotA hai / upalambhayanti ye te upalambhakA isa vigraha ke anusAra una una atyanta sUkSma artho kA viziSTakSayopazama se upalambha jisa se ho use upalambhaka kahate haiM / upalambhaka zabda se jJAnavizeSa hI yahA~ lenA cAhie / ese hI naya zabda ko vyaJjaka zabda kA samAnArthaka mAnane se nI dhAtu kA vyaJjana artha nikala AtA hai kyoMki 'vyaJjayanti sphuTIkurvanti' isa vigraha ke anusAra jo vastu ko apane abhiprAya ke anusAra spaSTa kare use vyaJjaka kahate haiM / yahA~ prApaka, kAraka ityAdi zabdArthoM meM jo kucha bheda hai vaha vigraha se nikale hue artha ke anusandhAna karane para bhAsita ho jAtA hai to bhI samAna rUpa se yA vizeSarUpa se arthabodhakatva sabhI pakSa meM samAna hai, isalie bhASyakAra ne jo paryAyatA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai vaha yukta hI hai| atra prApakatvaM pramANapratipannapratiyogipratiyogimadbhAvApannanAnAdhamai kataramAtraprakArakatvam /

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nayarahasya atra prApakatvaM ityAdi-tattvArtha sUtra ke bhASyakAra ne naya zabda kA paryAya prApaka zabda diyA hai / usa meM prApakatva kyA hai ? isa vastu ko nyAya kI paribhASA meM parikRtarUpa se upAdhyAyajI pradarzita karate haiN| pramANa se pratipanna arthAt pramANa ke dvArA sunizcita aura pratiyogi-pratiyogimabhAvApanna-yahA~ pratiyogi kA artha virodhI hai aura pratiyogimat zabda kA artha virodhya hai, isalie virodhivirodhimadbhAva ko prApta aisA artha nikalatA hai, isa taraha ke jo aneka dharma unameM se koI eka dharma mAtra prakAra yAnI vizeSaNarUpa se jisa adhyavasAyavizeSa meM bhAsita hotA hai vaha adhyavasAyavizeSa pramANapratipanna pratiyogipratiyogimadbhAvApannanAnAdharmaekataramAtra prakAraka haiM, usI ko naya kahate haiM / pratiyogipratiyogimadbhAvApanna zabda se pratiyogi-anuyogibhAvApanna aisA artha bhI liyA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ pramANa pada se pratyakSa pramANa aura parokSapramANa donoM kA grahaNa hai| kyoMki donoM se hI ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA jJAna hotA hai| anantadharmAtmaka vastu kA kisI eka dharma se jo jJAna karAve usI kA nAma naya hai / jase yaha nitya vA anitya hai| yahA~ ghaTapaTAdi athavA jIva-ajIva Adi vastu meM ananta dharma haiM / isalie nityatva aura anityatva bhI usa meM apekSA se hai hI / yaha nityatva aura anityatva pramANa se nizcita hai aura nityatva kA virodhI anityatva hai vase anityatva kA virodhI nityatva hai| jaba nityatva virodhI banatA hai taba anityatva virodhya bana jAtA hai| jaba anityatva virodhI banatA hai taba nityatva virodhya bana jAtA hai| isalie ye donoM dharma pratiyogi-pratiyogimadbhAva se AkrAnta haiM arthAt virodhi-virodhimadbhAva se yukta haiN| ina donoM dharmo se kisI eka dharma nityatva yA anityatva prakAraka jJAna vizeSa hI naya hai kyoMki sAmAnyarUpa se artha ke prakAza ko karatA hai aura svAbhimata yukti dvArA nityatvAdi viziSTa artha kI AtmA ko prApti karAtA hai isalie prApakatva bhI naya meM sughaTita hI hai| sAdhakatvaM tathAvidhapratipattijanakatvam / [sAdhaketyAdi] yahA~ tathAvidha pada se prApakatva ke lakSaNa meM kathita padArthoM kA grahaNa hotA hai / sarvanAma zabda pUkti vastu kA parAmarzaka hotA hai aisA niyama hai| isa hetu se tathAvidha zabda se pramANapratipanna pratiyogi-pratiyogimadbhAvApanna nAnAdharmaekataramAtraprakArakatva kA lAbha hotA hai| pramANapratipanna pratiyogipratiyogimaddhAvApanna nAnApaka taramAtraprakArakapratipattijanakatva hI sAdhakatva padArtha siddha hotA hai, yaha bhI naya kA eka lakSaNa huaa| tathAvidha zabda se sUcita artha isa lakSaNa meM pratipatti kA vizeSaNa banatA hai| pratipatti zabda se jJAnarUpa artha yahA~ vivakSita hai / taba pramANa se pratipanna aura virodhyavirodhakabhAva se yukta jo vividhadharma, unameM se kisI eka dharma prakAra rUpa se jisa meM bhAsita hove aise jJAna kA janaka adhyavasAya vizeSa ko naya kahate haiM-aisA isa lakSaNa kA bhAvArtha hai| udAharaNa to sabhI lakSaNa kA eka hI hogaa| jaise-ghaTa meM nityatvaanityatva ekatva-anekatvAdi aneka dharma pramANa se siddha haiM aura nityatva-anityatva paraspara pratiyogipratiyogimadabhAvApanna hI hai arthAta-paraspara virodhitayA jJAta haiN|

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nayarahasya nirvatakatvamanivartamAnanizcitasvAbhiprAyakatvam / nirbhAsakatvaM zRGgagrAhikayA vastvaMzajJApakatvam / upalambhakatvaM prativiziSTakSayopazamApekSasUkSmArthAvagAhitvam / inameM se kisI eka dharma anityatva athavA nityatva jisameM prakAra hai aisA jJAna 'anityo ghaTaH' athavA 'nityo ghaTaH' aisA jJAna, usakA janaka adhyavasAya vizeSa naya kahalAtA hai / nirvartakatvabhityAdi-apane jisa abhiprAya se adhyavasAya vizeSa utpanna hote haiM usa nizcita abhiprAya kI nivRtti jahA~ na ho ese adhyavasAya kA naya pada se vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai / yahA~ naya zabda kI 'nayante iti nayA:' isa vyutpatti meM nayante pada se jo vartamAna artha pratIta hotA hai usa ko isa lakSaNa meM praviSTa anivartamAna pada se sUcita kiyA gayA hai / tathA nirvartayanti iti nirvartakAH isa vyutpatti meM nirvatayanti isa pada meM ti pada se jo vartamAna artha pratIta hotA hai usakA sUcaka anivartamAna pada hai / anivartamAnaH nizcita: svaH abhiprAyo yatra-yaha lakSaNavAkya kA vigraha hai| yahA~ svapada svakIya artha kA bodhaka hai| abhiprAya aura adhyavasAya vizeSa meM janyajanakabhAva sambandha hai / adhyavasAya kA janaka abhiprAya hai isa lie adhyavasAya kA svakIya abhiprAya banatA hai| isa hetu se janakatAsambandha se abhiprAya adhyavasAya kA svakIya banatA hai arthAt svajanaka banatA hai-yaha artha svapada se sUcita hotA hai / nirbhAsakA-nirbhAsayanti vizeSeNa dIpayanti vastvaMze ye te nirbhAsakAH-jo vastu ke aMza vizeSa ko zRGgagrAhikA nyAya se arthAt vizeSa rUpa se batAve vaha nirbhAsaka kahalAtA hai / naya zabdagata nI dhAtu kA dIpti artha mAnakara yaha lakSaNa banAyA gayA hai| zaGgagrAhikA nyAya yaha hai ki aneka gopAla apanI apanI gAyoM ko eka maidAna meM carane ke lie chor3a dete haiM / sAdRzya hone ke kAraNa kisa gopAlakI kauna kauna dhenu haiM isakA nizcaya sAdhAraNatayA sabhI ko nahIM hotA hai, jisakI jo gau hotI hai vaha gopAla apanI apanI gAyoM ke vizeSa ko jAnate hote haiN| isalie maidAna se apane apane goSTha jAne ke samaya apanI apanI gAyoM kA zaGa pakaDa kara usa dizA meM le jAte haiM jisa dizA meM unakA goSTha hotA hai / zaGgaM gRhyate yasyAM kriyAyAM sA zaGgagrAhikA isa vyutpatti ke anusAra jisa kriyA meM zRGga kA grahaNa karanA Avazyaka hotA hai usa kriyA ko zaGgagrAhikA yA zakagrAhikAnyAya kahate haiM / isa nyAya se aneka aMzavAlI vastu ke kisI aMzavizeSa kA jJAna jisa se ho usako nirbhAsaka kahate haiM-yaha bhI naya kA hI eka lakSaNa hai| ____ 'upalambhakatva' ityAdi-naya zabdagata nI dhAtu kA upalabdhi artha mAnakara yaha lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai / 'upalambhayanti ye te upalambhakAH' aisA isakA vigrahavAkya hai| jo upalambha karAve vaha upalambhaka kahalAtA hai| isa lakSaNa meM kSayopazama kA vizeSaNa 'viziSTa' pada aura 'prati' pada diyA gayA hai| viziSTa pada se kSayopazama meM anya kSayopazama kI apekSA se kucha vizeSa kA sUcana hotA hai| prati zabda sannikarSa kA bAdhaka hai jo ati.

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upA. yazovijaya racita vyaJjakatvaM ca prAdhAnyena svaviSayavyavasthApakatvam / evaM ca padArtha pratipAdayannapi bhASyakArastattvato lakSaNAnyeva sUtritavAn / zayita saMlagnatA kA sUcaka-bodhaka hai / mana kA ekAgrIbhAva jaba hotA hai taba kSayopazama meM saMlagnatA AtI hai| aise kSayopazama ko prativiziSTa kSayopazama kahA jAtA hai| aise kSayopazama se sUkSma arthakA jJAna hotA hai / isalie isa vAkya se yaha artha nikalatA hai ki manako ekAgra karane para itara kSayopazama se vilakSaNa kSayopazama kI apekSA se atyanta sUkSmaarthaviSayaka jJAna jisa se ho use upalambhaka kahate haiN| yaha bhI naya kA eka lakSaNa hI hai| vyaJjakatvamityAdi-tattvArtha sUtra bhASya meM naya padArtha kA pratipAdana vyaJjaka pada se bhI kiyA gayA hai| naya pada meM praviSTa nI dhAtu kA artha vyaJjana bhI ho sakatA hai. isa AdhAra para naya pada aura vyaJjaka pada kI samAnArthatA siddha hotI hai| naya meM vyanakatva kyA hai ? isI ko upAdhyAyajI apanI bhASA meM kahate haiM ki prAdhAnyena svaviSayavyavasthApakatva hI naya meM vyaJjakatva hai| vyaJjayanti spaSTayanti svAbhiprAyena vastu ye te vyaJjakAH-aisA isa kA vigraha vAkya hai, jo apane abhiprAya se vastu ko sphuTa kara de, arthAt AtmasvabhAva meM sthApita kara de, vaha vyajaka kahA jAtA hai / yahI artha upAdhyAyajI ke zabdoM se bhI nikalatA hai / vastu ananta dharmAtmaka hai, una ananta dharmoM meM se pradhAnarUpeNa kisI dharma kI vyavasthA jisa se ho vaha vyaJjaka kahA jAtA hai / parantu vaha dharma svAbhiprAya kA viSaya honA cAhie aura usa svAbhiprAyaviSayarUpa dharma meM, itara dharma kI apekSA se pradhAnatA honI cAhie / naya kA aisA svabhAva hai ki abhiprata dharma kA pratipAdana pradhAnarUpa se karatA hai aura anabhipreta dharmoM kA niSedha nahIM karatA hai isalie anabhipreta aMza kA bhI gauNarUpa se vyavasthApana karatA hai| isI abhiprAya se upAdhyAyajI ne prAdhAnyena yaha pada lakSaNa kI kukSi meM praviSTa kiyA hai| yaha bhI naya kA eka lakSaNa hI haiN| evaM cetyAdi-zaMkAH-tattvArthasUtra bhASyakAra ne to naya pada ke artha kA pratipAdana nayAH, prApakAH, sAdhakAH, nirvartakAH, nirbhAsakA:, upalambhakAH, vyaJjakAH iti anarthAntaraM isa sandarbha se kiyA hai / prApakatva, sAdhakatva, nirvartakatva ityAdi naya ke lakSaNa haiM aisA to nahIM kahA hai aura Apane prApakatva, sAdhakatva Adi ko naya ke lakSaNarUpa se pratipAdana kiyA hai yaha to bhASya se viruddha pratIta hotA hai| uttara :-evaJca zabda kA artha yaha hai ki prApakatva, sAdhakatva vagairaha naya ke lakSaNa bhI bana sakate haiM, taba naya padArtha kA pratipAdana karate hue bhASyakAra ne vAstavikarUpa se naya ke lakSaNoM kA hI sUtrarUpa se pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa hetu se prApakatva, sAdhakatva Adi ko naya ke lakSaNa mAnane meM bhASya ke sAtha koI virodha nahIM AtA hai / kyoMki lakSaNa ke pratipAdana sehI bhASyakAra kA tAtparya hai| lakSaNAnyeva sUtritavAn isa vAkya khaNDa meM jo eva pada upAdhyAyajI ne lagAyA hai, isa se yaha tAtparya abhivyakta hotA hai ki bhASyakAra kA Azaya lakSaNa ke pratipAdana meM hI hai / ataH padArtha pratipAdana ke vyAja se bhASyakAra ne bhI lakSaNoM kA hI pratipAdana kiyA hai / bhASyakAra ke lakSaNa sUtrarUpa se haiM isalie

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nayarahasya yadyevaM nayAnAmadhyavasAyarUpatA, kathaM tarhi "uvaeso soNao NAma ti" ? (Ava. ni. 1054) satyaM, nayajanyopadeze nayapadopacArAt / sabhA ko samajhane meM kleza kA anubhava ho sakatA hai-vaha na ho isa Azaya se upAdhyAyajI ne lakSaNoM ko viziSTa svarUpa pradAna kiyA hai| niya adhyavasAyarUpa hai yA upadezAtmaka ?] yadyavamityAdi-yahA~ aisI AzaMkA kI jAya ki Apa ne prakRtavastvaMzagrAhI aura taditara aMza kA niSedhaka na ho aise adhyavasAyavizeSa ko naya mAnA hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki sabhI naya adhyavasAyarUpa arthAt jJAnarUpa haiM / Avazyaka niyuktikAra ne upadeza ko naya kahA hai, upadeza vAkyarUpa hai, usa se Apa ke lakSaNa meM virodha AtA hai kyoMki AvazyakaniyuktikAra vAkyAtmaka upadeza ko naya mAnate haiM aura Apa adhyavasAya ko naya mAnate haiM / ataH Apa kA mantavya Avazyaka niyuktikAra ke mantavya se bAdhita hai, isalie amAnya hai| uttara-yahA~ satya pada ardha svIkAra artha meM prayukta hai| usa kA tAtparya yaha hai ki Apane jo virodha batAyA usa ko kucha aMza meM maiM bhI svIkAra karatA huuN| vAstavika rIti se virodha nahIM hai, kyoMki Avazyaka niyukti meM jahA~ upadeza ko naya batAyA gayA hai, vahA~ naya pada kA mukhya prayoga nahIM hai, kintu gauNa prayoga hai| naya pada kA mukhya prayoga to adhyavasAyavizeSa meM hI hotA hai| naya janya upadeza meM naya pada kA prayoga upacAra se kiyA gayA hai / 'anya vastu meM prasiddha dharma kA anya vastu meM jo Aropa' usa ko upacAra kahate haiM / abhiprAyavizeSa meM prasiddha nayatva dharma kA nayajanya upadeza meM Aropa kara ke upadeza kA naya pada se vyavahAra Avazyaka niyuktikAra ne kiyA hai, isalie virodha nahIM AtA hai / aisA Aropa karane meM bhI jisa dharmI ke dharma kA jisa anya dharmI meM Aropa kiyA jAtA hai, una donoM dharmiyoM kA kucha na kucha sambandha rahatA hai, tabhI Aropa hotA hai| yahA~ bhI abhiprAyavizeSarUpa naya kA dharma jo nayatva usa kA Aropa upadeza meM kiyA gayA hai, isalie nayarUpa dharmI aura upadezarUpa dharmI ina donoM dharmiyoM meM kucha sambandha honA Avazyaka hai| vaha sambandha janyajanakabhAva sambandha hai / yahA~ nayarUpa dharmI janaka hai aura upadezarUpa dharmI janya hai / isa kAraNa se upadezarUpa dharmI meM naya ke dharma nayatva kA Aropa hai kyoMki donoM dharmI janyajanakabhAva sambandha se sambandhita hai| isa taraha ke upacAra kA zAstrakAroM ne asadabhUtavyavahAra zabda se bhI paricaya karAyA hai / jo jisa rUpa se sat nahIM hai, kintu asat hai, tathApi usa rUpa se usa kA vyavahAra karanA hI asadabhRtavyavahAra kahA jAtA hai, jaise-rajata kA rUpa jo rajatatva hai usa rUpa se zukti asat hai, usa zukti kA rajatatva dharma se 'yaha rajata hai' aisA vyavahAra asadabhUtavyavahAra hai| prakRta meM bhI nayajanya upadeza nayatva rUpa se asat hai usa meM nayatvarUpa se vyavahAra karanA hI asadbhuta vyavahAra hai| yahI upacAra kahA jAtA hai|

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upA. yazovijaya racita ' tathApyete tantrAntarIyAH svatantrA vA codakapakSagrAhiNo matibhedena vipradhAvitA: ? ubhayathApi mithyAtvamiti cet ? na pramANApekSatvenaiteSAmubhayavailakSaNyAt, svaviSayaprAdhAnyarUpasvatantratAyAzca mithyAtvA'prayojakatvAt / gauNatvamukhyatvayohrasvatva-dIrghatvayorivApekSikavastudharmatvAt / prapaJcitaM cedamanyatreti neha pratanyate / [ do vikalpa se naya meM mithyAtva kI zaMkA ] tathApye0 ityAdi - isa DhaMga se naya padArtha kA nirUpaNa karane para yaha prazna UThatA hai ki naigama Adi naya tantrAntarIya haiM arthAt vaizeSikAdi ke bAda rUpa ye naya haiM, jo svazAstra pratipAdita arthoM ko nizcita karane meM saMlagna haiM ? athavA ye naigamAdi naya svatantra haiM arthAt - jinapravacana kA apanI buddhi ke anusAra vibhAga karane meM saMlagna haiM ? svatantra zabda ke bhAvArtha kA vivaraNa karane ke lie, codakapakSagrAhiNo matibhedena vipradhAvitAH ina tInoM pada kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / apane pakSa meM bhI dvirukti anuti Adi kA cintaka jo hove usa ko codaka kahate haiM / usa kA pakSa arthAt viSaya, usa ko grahaNa karane kA, arthAt vicAra karane kA svabhAva jina kA hove ve codakapakSagrAhI kahalAte haiM / ve loga matibheda se arthAt apanI apanI buddhi ke anusAra viruddha patha meM vipradhAvana arthAt pragati karate haiM isalie ve yathArtha nirUpaNa nahIM kara sakate, kintu, ayathArtha nirUpaNa hI una se hotA hai / isa kA samudita artha yaha hai ki, ye negamAdi naya jinapravacana ko pradhAna mAnate hue bhI apanI apanI buddhi ke anusAra yaha batalAte haiM ki jinapravacana meM amuka aMza kA kathana na ho sakA tathA amuka aMza kA kathana hote hue bhI yukta nahIM hai, aise vAdi ko svapakSa meM "svatantra" pada se pari gRhIta kiyA hai / pUrva pakSI kahatA hai ki donoM pakSoM meM koI bhI pakSa yukta nahIM hai kyoMki donoM pakSoM meM mithyAtva kA prasaMga AtA hai / vaizeSika Adi tantravAle jinapravacana se viparIta mAnyatA rakhate haiM, ekAntavAdI hai, isalie mithyAtva meM Ate hI haiM / ataH " naya" yadi tantrAntarIya haiM, to mithyAtva ina meM hai hI / yadi svatantra haiM, to bhI mithyAtva kA prasaMga hotA hai, kyoMki apanI buddhi se anuktatva, duruktatva Adi kI cintA meM lage rahane ke kAraNa ayathArtha nirUpaNa hI ina se hotA hai / isalie ina " naigamAdi nayoM" ko anyatantrIya mAnane meM doSa hone se yukta nahIM hai / svatantrIya mAnanA bhI yukta nahIM kyoMki usa meM bhI doSa pratIta hotA hai / yaha zaMkAkAra kA Azaya hai / [naya meM mithyAtva zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa ] upAdhyAyajI samAdhAna isa DhaMga se dete haiM ki ye naigamAdinaya na to anyatantrIya haiM aura na svatantrIya haiM, kintu donoM se vilakSaNa haiM / isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki naya meM pramANa kI apekSA hai aura una donoM pakSoM meM pramANa kI apekSA nahIM, upekSA hai / arthAtvividha dharmAtmaka vastu kA vividhAkAra jJAna se nirUpaNa ina naryo ke dvArA pramANa kI apekSA se hotA hai, isalie svatantra arthAt jinaprabacanasiddha vastu kA hA nirUpaNa ina nayoM se hotA hai / isalie adhyavasAya vizeSarUpa hI ye naya haiM / ataH mithyAtva doSa kA prasaMga ina adhyavasAyavizeSarUpa nayoM meM nahIM AtA hai / 12

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nyarahasya ata evaM naikasminnarthe nAnAdhyavasAyarUpANAmeteSAM vipratipattitvamapyAzaGkanIyam , sattva-jIvAjIvAtmakatva-dravyaguNaparyAyAtmakatva-caturdarzanaviSayatva-paJcAstikAyAvaruddhatva-paidravyakroDIkRtatvadharmarekatva-dvitva-tritva-catuSTva-paJcatva-paitvAdhyavasAyAnAmiva 1, paryAyavizuddhivazAt pRthagarthagrAhiNAM matijJAnAdInAmiva 2, ekatrArthe pratiniyata viSayavibhAgazAlinAM pratyakSAdInAmiva 3 vA naigamAdyadhyavasAyAnAmaviruddhanAnAdharmagrAhitve'pyavipratipattirUpatvAditi sampradAyaH / yahA~ yaha AzaMkA hotI hai ki ye naya yadi svatantra hI haiM to, mithyA kyoM na mAne jAya, kyoMki svatantratA hI mithyAtva kA prayojaka hai, vaha svatantratA to nayoM meM bhI rahatI hai| isa kA samAdhAna upAdhyAyajI dete haiM, svaviSayaprAdhAnyarUpa svatantratA mithyAtva prayojaka nahIM mAnI jAtI hai / jaise-gauNatva, mukhyatva ApekSika vastu dharma haiM, eka hI vastu meM kisI kI apekSA se gauNatva aura kisI kI apekSA se mukhyatva rahatA hai aura donoM kA virodha bhI nahIM hotA hai kyoMki donoM dharma apekSAkRta hote haiM / ata eva ve paraspara bAdhyabAdhaka nahIM banate haiM, isalie mithyA bhI nahIM banate haiN| athavA eka hI vastu meM hRsvatva aura dIrghatva ye donoM dharbha rahate haiM, ve apekSA se hI rahate haiM, isalie ekadUsare kA bAdhaka nahIM hote haiM aura ekadUsare se bAthya bhI nahIM hote haiM, ata eva mithyA bhI nahIM banate haiM / isI rIti se straviSayaprAdhAnyarUpa svatantratA bhI ApekSika vastu dharma hai, kyoMki prAdhAnya kisI kI apekSA se kisI meM hotA hai| ina naigamAdi adhyavasAyoM meM svAbhipreta dharma kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai| vaha pradhAnatA svA'bhiprata dharma kI apekSA se rahatI hai, anabhipreta dharma gauNarUpa se ina nayoM meM bhI bhAsate hI haiM / durnayoM kI taraha anabhipreta dharmA kA sarvathA pratiSedha yahA~ nahIM hotA hai / isa kAraNa se svaviSayaprAdhAnyarUpa svatantratA mithyAtva prayojaka nahIM banatI hai| ata eva nayoM meM mithyAtvaprasaMga kA avasara nahIM hai / upAdhyAyajI kahate haiM ki isa vastu kA vivecana anya granthoM meM maiMne kiyA hai, isa kAraNa se yahA~ vistRta vivecana nahIM karatA huuN| niya meM vipratipattibhAva kI Apatti kI zaMkA] ata eva ityAdi-yahA~ zaMkA hotI hai ki-naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra aura zabda ye pA~ca naya haiM / ina pA~coM nayoM kI yojanA ghaTa-paTa vagairaha pratyeka vastu meM kI jAtI hai kyoMki nayoM kI yojanA ke binA jIvAjIvAdi tattvoM kA vistRta adhigama nahIM ho sakatA hai / pramANanayaradhigamaH yaha tattvArthAdhigamasUtra (1-6), isa bAta ko puSTa karatA hai / pramANa aura nayoM ke dvArA tattvoM kA spaSTa pariccheda hotA hai, isa bAta ko sUtrakAra ne batAyA hai| isalie pratyeka vastu meM pramANoM kI aura nayoM kI yojanA Avazyaka hai| tabhI padArthoM kA sphuTa jJAna ho sakatA hai / ye pA~coM naya bhinna bhinna adhyavasAyarUpa haiN| eka vastu meM aneka vividha adhyavasAyoM kA honA jaba nizcita huA, taba ve adhyavasAya avazya viruddhapratItirUpa hoMge, isalie ina nayoM meM viprati

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14 upA. yazovijaya racita pattitva yAnI saMdigdhatA kA prasaMga AtA hai, jo iSTa nahIM hai / kyoMki jisa padArtha kI viruddha pratItiyA~ hotI haiM, usa padArtha kA nizcaya nahIM ho sakatA hai aura anizcayAtmaka jJAna ko tattvajJAna nahIM kaha sakate haiM / tattvajJAna to nizcayAtmaka hI hotA hai, yaha prasiddha hai / [vipratipattitva kI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa - 1] isa zaMkA kA eka samAdhAna upAdhyAyajI 'ata eva' pada se dete haiN| 'ata eva' kA artha yaha hai ki jisa kAraNa se vibhinnAdhyavasAyarUpa nayoM meM mithyAtva kA prasaMga nahIM diyA jA sakatA hai, usI kAraNa se vipratipattitva kA prasaMga bhI nahIM diyA jA sakatA / naya vibhinnAdhyavasAyarUpa avazya hai, tathApi sabhI naya apane apane viSayoM kA pradhAnarUpa se pratipAdana karate haiM / anya dharma bhI ghaTapaTAdi vastu meM pramANasiddha haiN| unakA nayoM se niSedha nahIM hotA hai, kintu gauNatayA pratipAdana hI hotA hai / isa DhaMga se yadi anya dharmo kA pratipAdana hotA ho to mithyAtva yA vipratipattitva nayoM meM nahIM AtA hai | ye naya vipratipattirUpa taba hote, yadi virodha hotA / jaise - AtmA meM jJAnarUpa dharma vidyamAna hai / yahA~ yadi ajJAnatA kA pratipAdana ho ki AtmA jJAnarUpa dharma se zUnya ( rahita ) hai, to jJAna aura ajJAna kA virodha hone se AtmA jJAnI hai aura AtmA ajJAnI hai, ina donoM vAkyoM se honevAle ubhaya jJAna vipratipattirUpa hote haiM, kyoMki AtmA meM jJAnadharma to sat hai aura dUsare vAkya se ajJAnarUpa dharma kA upAdAna kiyA gayA hai, jo AtmA meM asat hai / yaha sthiti nayoM meM nahIM hai / taba yadi gauNatayA anya dharmo kA pratipAdana kare bhI to virodha nahIM hogA, kyoMki pramANa se ve dharma bhI usa vastu meM siddha haiN| yadi ina nayoM meM se koI naya ghaTAdivastu meM pramANasiddha dharma kA pratipAdana karatA aura dUsarA naya pramANa se asiddha dharma kA pratipAdana usI vastu meM karatA to adhyavasAyarUpa ina nayoM meM virodha ho sakatA thA, aisA to hai nahIM / niSkarSa - 'naya vipratipattirUpa haiM' isa AzaMkA ko avasara nahIM hai / [vipratipattitva kI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa - 2 ] dUsarA samAdhAna yaha dete haiM ki adhyavasAyarUpa naigamAdinaya viruddha vibhinna dharma ke grAhI hone para bhI vipratipattirUpa nahIM haiM / isa samAdhAna ke lie tIna dRSTAnta batAye haiM / usa meM pahalA dRSTAnta yaha hai ki anekAvayavAtmaka isa samagra jagat meM sava vyApta hai / isalie 'sArA jagat eka hai' - isa taraha kA ekatvAdhyavasAya samasta jagata meM hotA hai / vaise hI satarUpa se ekAtmaka yaha jagat jIvAjIvAtmaka hone se ubhayAtmaka hai - isa taraha kA dvitvAdhyavasAya bhI jagat hotA hai / aise hI eka hote hue bhI yaha jagat tritayAtmaka hai, aisA tritvAdhyavasAya bhI hotA hai, kyoMki yaha samucA jagat dravya-guNa- paryAyAtmaka hai / guNa aura paryAyoM meM jisa kA anvaya ho vaha dravya kahA jAtA hai / guNa to rUpa rasAdi prasiddha hI hai, kapAlAdi miTTI kA paryAya hai / isalie yaha jagat dravya-guNa- paryAyAtmaka hai, tritayAtmaka hone se usa eka meM bhI tritvAdhyavasAya hotA hai / isI taraha 'yaha jagat catuSTayAtmaka hai' aisA catuSTvakA adhyavasAya eka hI jagat meM hotA hai / kyoMki yaha jagat * cakSudarzanAdi cAroM darzanoM kA viSaya haiM / * cakSurdarzana, acakSurdarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevaladarzana /

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nayarahasya tathA yaha jagat paMcAtmaka haiM-isa taraha kA paJcatvAdhyavasAya jagat meM hotA hai| kyoMki yaha jagat dharma, adharma, AkAza, jIva, pudgala ye pAMca astikAyoM kA samUha hai, arthAt ekAdirUpa yaha jagat paMca astikAyAtmaka hai / tathA yaha jagat jo paMca astikAyAtmaka hai 'vaha SaDavidha bhI haiM' aisA SaTutvAdhyavasAya bhI jagat meM hotA hai| kAraNa, dharmAdi pA~ca aura eka kAla, isa taraha se Sar3a dravyAtmaka yaha jagat hai / jaise-ye chaha prakAra ke adhyavasAya vipratipattirUpa nahIM hote haiM, kAraNa, ekatva-dvitvAdi dharma jagat meM paraspara viruddha nahIM hai, kintu ApekSika vastu-dharma haiM, aura ekatvAdhyavasAya se pradhAnatayA ekatva kA pratipAdana to hotA hai, parantu ApekSikadvitvAdi dharmo kA niSedha nahIM hotA hai, kintu apekSA se vidyamAna dvitvAdi dharmo kA bhI gauNarUpa se pratipAdana hI hotA hai-isI taraha dvitva, tritvAdi adhyavasAyoM se bhI dvitva, tritvAdi dharmoM kA mukhyatayA pratipAdana hone para bhI una se itara dharmoM kA niSedha nahIM hotA hai, kintu gauNatayA pratipAdana hI hotA hai| isa kAraNa se ekatva dvitvAdi adhyavasAya vipratipattirUpa nahIM hote haiN| usI taraha naigamAdinaya vividhAdhyavasAyarUpa hote hue bhI vipratipattirUpa nahIM haiM, aisA tAtparya prathama dRSTAnta kA nikalatA hai| . [vipratipattitva kI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa-3] upAdhyAyajI matijJAnAdInAmiva dUsarA dRSTAnta dekara nayoM meM vipratipattitva prasaMga kA vAraNa karate haiM / mati jJAna, zratajJAna, avadhijJAna, mana:paryAyajJAna aura kevalajJAna ye pA~ca prakAra jJAna ke mAne gaye haiM / ye pA~coM jJAna dharma-adharma-AkAza-pudagala aura jIva. inameM se kisI eka artha ko anya anya rUpa se batAte haiN| kAraNa matyAdirUpa jJAnaparyAyoM meM jaba AvaraNa ke haTa jAne se svacchatArUpa jo vizuddhi kI prApti hotI hai, vaha vizuddhi matyAdi jJAnoM meM bhinna bhinna rUpa kI hotI hai, taba ve matyAdijJAna dharmAdi astikAyoM ko bhinna bhinna rUpa se batAte haiM / jaise-matijJAnI puruSa manuSyaparyAya ko cakSurAdi indriya dvArA sAkSAt batAtA hai / usI manuSya paryAya ko zrutajJAnI Agama dvArA batAtA hai / usA ko avadhijJAnI atIndriyajJAna se batAtA hai / usI ko manaHparyAyajJAnI manodravya ke avalaMbana se batAtA hai / kevalajJAnI to atyanta vizuddha hone se kevalajJAna dvArA manuSya ke pUre svarUpa kI spaSTa upalabdhi karAtA hai| to bhA matyAdijJAna vipratipattirUpa nahIM hotA hai, kAraNa apane apane sAmarthya ke anusAra tara-tamabhAva se manuSyAdi ke paryAyoM kA bodhana karate haiM / vaise hA naigamAdi naya apane apane sAmarthya ke anusAra eka hI vastu ko vibhinnarUpa se bodha karAte haiM, to bhI ve vipratipattirUpa nahIM hote haiN| aisA bhI kaha sakate haiM ki manuSyAdi paryAyoM kI matyAdijJAnoM se vizuddhivazAt pRthak pRthaka upalabdhi hotI hai, kyoMki matijJAnI puruSa manuSyAdi jIvoM ke amuka paryAyoM kA hI jJAna karatA hai / usa se adhika paryAyoM kA jJAna zrutajJAnI ko hotA hai / zrutajJAnI kI apekSA se bhI adhika paryAyoM kA jJAna avadhijJAnI ko hotA hai / avadhijJAnI kI apekSA se bhI adhika manuSyAdi paryAyoM kA jJAna manaHparyAyajJAnI ko hotA hai / kevalajJAnI ko to sakala paryAyoM kA jJAna hotA hai, eka bhI paryAya manuSyAdi kA vaisA nahIM rahatA hai ki jisa kA jJAna kevalajJAnI ko na ho| isa rIti

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upA. yazovijaya carita __ atra ca tribhinidarzanairviruddhadharmagrAhityAMzagrAhitvapramitivailakSaNyAnAM vipratipattitvasAdhakahetUnAmasiddhivyabhicArapradarzanAdiSTasiddhiriti vibhAvanIyam // se satyAdijJAna svagata vizaddhi kI apekSA se kramabhAvi manuSyAdiparyAyoM kA tAratamya se vodha karAte haiM, to bhI vipratipattirUpa nahIM hote haiM / vaise hI naigamAdi naya vibhinna arthI kA jJAna karAte haiM, tathApi pratipattirUpa nahIM hai| [vipatipattitva kI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa-4] upAdhyAyajI nayoM meM vipratipattitvaprasaMga kA nivAraNa karane ke lie tIsarA bhI dRSTAnta dete haiN| pratyakSa, anumAna, upamAna aura AptavAkya ina pramANoM kA apanA apanA viSaya niyata hai| isalie pratyakSAdipramANa catuSTaya eka hI vastu meM pravRtta hone para bhI apane apane niyata viSayoM kA hI jJAna karAte haiN| jaise-parvata meM rahe hue agni kA jJAna pratyakSa pramANa se vaha vyakti karegA jo agni ke samIpa deza meM rahatA ho aura agni ke sAtha jisa ko indriya sannikarSa ho / usI agni kA jJAna dUradezavarti vyakti ko dhUmAdi liGgajJAna se hotA hai / usI agni kA jJAna upamAna se bhI kisI ko hotA hai, jaba koI agni ke svarUpa ko na jAnatA huA pUche ki agni kaisA hotA hai, taba agni ke svarUpa ko jAnatA huA vyakti yadi javAba detA hai ki jaisA suvarNa kA puMja bhAsvara hotA hai, vaisA agni hotA hai / isa vAkya ke artha kA anusaMdhAna rakhatA huA vaha prazna karanevAlA jaba kabhI agni ke sAtha indriya sannikarSa hone para yaha samajha jAtA hai ki suvarNa puMja ke samAna yaha bhI prakAzita ho rahA hai, isalie yaha -damI ko upamAna se huA jJAna kahA jAtA hai| koI vyakti to kisI Apta vyakti ke upadeza se esA nizcaya karatA hai ki isa parvata meM agni hai / yahA~ eka hI agnirUpa artha aneka pramANoM se nizcita hotA hai aura sabhI kA viSaya bhinna hai| pratyakSa, sannikRSTa agni ko viSaya karatA hai| anumAna kA viSaya viprakRSTa agni hai| upamAna kA ja sadRza agni hai / Apta vAkya kA viSaya parvatAdigata parokSa agni hai| tathApi pratyakSAdirUpa jJAna jo pratyakSAdi pramANoM se hote haiM, ve viruddha nahIM hote hai / arthAt ayathArtha jJAna nahIM hote / usI taraha se naigamAdinaya bhI apane apane niyata viSayoM kA prakAza karate haiM, tathApi vipratipattirUpa nahIM hai, arthAt ayathArtha nahIM haiN| upAdhyAyajA kI pakti kA artha aisA hai-ekatrArtha =agniAdirUpa eka artha meM pratiniyataviSayavibhAgazAlinAm-jina ke viSayoM kA vibhAga nizcita hai, ese pratyakSAdInAm pratyakSAdi pramANoM meM jase vipratipattitva prasaMga nahIM hotA hai, vaise naigamAdi nayoM ko bhI vipratipatti mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai / ina tInoM dRSTAntoM se nagamAdi adhyavasAyoM meM vividha dharmabodhakatA hone para bhI naigamAdi adhyavasAyoM meM ekatva dvitvAdi adhyavasAyoM ke jaise aura bhinnArtha grAhi matijJAnAdi ke jaise, tathA eka artha meM svasvaviSayagrAhi pratyakSAdi pramANoM ke jaise vipratipattirUpatA nahIM hotI hai| aisA sampradAya hai-aisI paramparA hai| arthAtU-prAcIna AcAryoM kI aisI mAnyatA hai / viSaya

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nayarahasya [vipratipattitva ke sAdhaka hetuoM kA nirAkaraNa] atra cetyAdi-yahA~ nagamAdi adhyavasAyoM meM vipratipattitva siddha karane ke lie tIna hetuoM kA prayoga karanA pUrvapakSI ko apekSita hai / jaise-jagamAdayaH adhyavasAyAH vipratipattirUpAH, viruddhadharmagrAhitvAt , aMzagrAhitvAta , pramitilakSaNyAcca / ina tInoM hetuoM meM se jo prathama hetu viruddhadharmagrAhitvarUpa hai, usa kI asiddhi kA pradarzana prathama dRSTAnta se kiyA gayA hai / ekatva-dvitva-tritva-catuSTva-paJcatva-SaTtva adhyavasAyoM meM ApAtataH viruddhadharmagrAhitya yadyapi bhAsatA hai to bhI ekatva-dvitvAdi dharma vAstavikarUpa se viruddha nahIM hai / kAraNa, ve ekatva-dvitvAdi dharma ApekSika dharma hai / ApekSika dharmA meM vAstavikarUpa se virodha nahIM hotA / isalie ekatva-dvitvAdi adhyavasAyoM meM jaiseviruddhadharmagrAhitva nahIM hai, vase hI nagamAdi adhyavasAyoM meM bhI viruddhadharmagrAhitva nahIM hai / ataH naigamAdi adhyavasAyarUpa pakSa meM viruddhadharmagrAhitvarUpa hetu ke na rahane se yaha hetu svarUpAsiddhi doSa se grasta hai, pakSa meM hetu kA na rahanA hI svarUpA'siddhi doSa kA lakSaNa hai / isa kAraNa se viruddhadharmagrAhitvarUpa hetu dvArA naigamAdi adhyavasAyoM meM vipratipattitvarUpa sAdhya kI siddhi sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki doSayukta hetu apane sAdhya kI siddhi karane meM asamartha hote haiM, isalie yaha anumAna asat anumAna hai| isa asat anumAna se nayoM meM vipratipattitva kA sAdhana jo pUrvapakSI ko abhISTa hai, vaha nahIM ho sakatA hai| isa tAtparya se prathama dRSTAnta kA pradarzana upAdhyAyajI ne kiyA hai| aise hI nayoM meM vipratipattitva siddha karane ke lie jo aMzagrAhitva hetu pUrvapakSI ne lagAyA hai, vaha hetu bhI vyabhicAra doSa se grasta hai| kyoMki matijJAna, zrutajJAna Adi se jo aMza gRhIta hote haiM, ve aMza bhI parasparaviruddha nahIM haiM, kyoMki eka vastu meM ve sabhI aMza vidyamAna haiM-yaha pramANa se siddha hotA hai| taba vipratipattitvarUpa sAdhya jahA~ nahIM hai, aise matijJAnAdi jJAnoM meM aMzagrAhitvarUpa hetu rahatA hai isalie yaha hetu vyabhicAra doSa se yukta hai / sAdhya jahA~ nahIM rahatA, vahA~ hetu kA rahanA hI vyabhicAra doSa hai| vyabhicArI hetu hetvAbhAsa hone se sAdhya kI siddhi nahIM kara sakatA hai / ataH azagrAhitvarUpa asat hetu se nayarUpa pakSa meM vipratipattirUpatA kI siddhi jo pUrvapakSI ko abhISTa hai, vaha nahIM ho sakatI hai / isa Azaya se upAdhyAya jI ne dUsarA dRSTAnta diyA hai| ___pUrvapakSI ne nayoM meM vipratipattitva siddha karane ke lie jo pramitivilakSaNatvarUpa tIsarA hetu grahaNa kiyA hai, vaha bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki vahA~ bhI asiddhi doSa hai / eka vastu meM apane apane niyata viSayoM ko grahaNa karAnevAle pratyakSAdi pramANa jJAnoM meM pramitivilakSaNatvarUpa hetu jaise nahIM rahatA hai, vase hI nagamAdiH adhyavasAya meM bhI pramitivilakSaNatvarUpa hetu nahIM hai / isalie pakSa meM hetu kA abhAva hone se pramitivilakSaNatvarUpa hetu svarUpA'siddhi doSa se yukta hai, isa kAraNa se yaha hetu bhI vipratipattirUpatA kI siddhi karane meM asamartha hai / ataH isa hetu se pUrvapakSI kA manoratha siddha nahIM ho sakatA / kintu hameM jo iSTa hai yathArthatva vahI siddha ho jAtA hai / isa

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upA. yazovijayaracita syAdetat " ekatvAdikaM na vAstavasaMkhyArUpaM, kiMtu vibhinnadharmaprakArakabuddhiviSayatvarUpaM tacca mitho na viruddhaM nayaviSayIbhUtaM bhedAbhedAdikaM tu viruddhameveti / maivam satAmevaikatvAdInAM buddhivizeSeNAbhivyakteH, anyathA tadviSayatvAyogAdekatra pramIyamANatvena cAvirodhAt, tadvadeva bhedAdInAmavirodha iti vibhAvanIyam / , 18 abhiprAya se upAdhyAyajI ne tRtIya dRSTAnta kA upAdAna kiyA hai / ina bAtoM kA vicAra pAThaka ko bhI karanA cAhie, aisI sUcanA 'vibhAvanIya' pada se upAdhyAyajI ne dI hai / [ ekatvAdi saMkhyArUpa na hone kI AzaMkA ] syAdetaditi - yahA~ yaha zaMkA hotI hai ki-naMgamAdi nayoM meM vipratipattitva sAdhaka jo prathama hetu viruddhadharmagrAhitvarUpa lagAyA gayA thA, usa ko AbhAsa banAne ke lie Apane ekatva - dvitvAdi adhyavasAyoM ko dRSTAntarUpa se grahaNa kiyA thA / parantu usa dRSTAnta se viruddhadharmagrAhitvarUpa hetu AbhAsa banatA nahIM hai / cU~ki ekatva - dvitvAdi adhyavasAyoM meM jo ekatva - dvitvAdi dharma bhAsate haiM, ve vastutaH saMkhyArUpa nahIM hai, kintu vibhinnadharmaprakAra buddhiviSayatvarUpa haiM / ataH ve paraspara viruddha nahIM haiM / 'yaha sakala jagat sat hone se eka hai' yaha buddhi ekatvaprakArakabuddhi hai, tadviSayatvarUpa ho ekatva jagat meM bhAsatA hai / aise hI yaha sakala jagat jIvAtmaka aura ajIvAtmaka hai, isalie do hai / yaha buddhi dvitvaprakAraka buddhi hai / etatabuddhiviSayatArUpa hI dvitva jagat meM rahatA hai, jo dvitvAdhyavasAya meM bhAsita hotA hai kintu vaha dvitva dvitvasaMkhyArUpa nahIM hai / aise hI tritvAdi adhyavasAyoM meM jo tritvAdi dharma bhAsita hote haiM, ve bhI saMkhyArUpa nahIM haiM, kintu vibhinnadharmaprakArakabuddhiviSayatvarUpa hI haiM / ataH viruddha vibhinnadharmagrAhitvarUpa hetu ekatvAdi adhyavasAyoM meM hai hI nahIM / isa kAraNa se ekatvAdi adhyavasAya bhale hI vipratipattirUpa na hove, naigamAdi naya to eka vastu meM bhedAbheda, nityatva-anityatva ityAdi jo viruddha dharma haiM, una ke grAhI haiM, isalie viruddhavibhinnadharmagrAhitva hetu se vibhinna adhyavasAyarUpa nayoM meM vipratipattitva siddha hotA hI hai| taba prathama dRSTAnta se Apa kA abhISTa jo nayoM meM avipratipattirUpatA hai usakI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai / isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna upAdhyAyajI dete haiM ki sakala jagat meM ekatva dvitvAdi saMkhyArUpa dharma avazya vidyamAna haiN| jina kI buddhivizeSa se arthAt 'sakala jagat eka hai, sakala jagat do haiM' ityAdi buddhiyoM se abhivyakti hotI hai, arthAt pragaTa rUpa se jAne jAte haiM / yadi ekatvAdi saMkhyArUpa dharma jagat meM vidyamAna nahIM hote to 'yaha jagat eka haiM, yaha jagat do haiM' ityAdi vuddhiviSayatA ekatvAdi meM nahIM hotI / eka hI vastu meM ekatva - dvitvAdi dharma pramIyamANa haiM, arthAt pramAtmakabuddhi ke viSaya banate haiM / isalie ekatva - dvitvAdi dharma meM paraspara virodha nahIM hai / isI taraha bheda - abheda, nityatva - anityatva Adi dharma bhI ekavastu meM pramIyamANa haiM / isI hetu se ina dharmoM meM bhI paraspara virodha nahIM haiM / taba viruddhadharmagrAhitvarUpahetu ekatvAdi adhyavasAyarUpa

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nayarahasya ekaikapakSoktadoSApattistu jaatyntrtvaabhyupgmaanirsniiyaa| dRSTA hi vaikalyaparihAreNa tatprayuktAyAH parasparAnuvedhena jAtyantaramApannasya guDa zuNThIdravyasya kaphapittadopakAritAyA nivRttiH / dRSTAnta meM jaise nahIM hai, vaise hI vibhinnaadhyavasAyarUpa nayAtmaka pakSa meM bhI nahIM hai / isalie AbhAsarUpa hone se vipratipattitva kA sAdhaka nahIM bana sakatA hai| bhedAbheda ityAdi meM ubhayapakSIya doSoM kI AzaMkA] ekaika ityAdi yahA~ yaha zaMkA hotI hai ki-'yadyapi ekatva-dvitvAdi ekavastu meM pramIyamANa haiM aura una kA paraspara virodha nahIM hai isa dRSTAnta se vastu meM bhedAbheda nityatva-anityatva Adi dharma bhI pramIyamANa haiM aura una kA paraspara virodha nahIM hai, isalie vastu anekAtmaka hai, usa ke eka aMza kA pradhAnarUpa se grahitA hone se naya kA lakSaNa bhI ghaTatA hai-parantu yaha saba kahanA asaMgata hai, kyoMki 'pratyekaM yo bhavehoSo dvayorbhAve kathaM na saH ?' yaha zAstrakAroM kA vacana hai / eka eka dharma ko svIkAra karane meM jo doSa lagatA ho, vaha doSa ubhaya dharma ko svIkAra karane meM kyoM na lage ? yahI isa vacana kA artha hai / prakRta meM vastu ko bhedAbhedAtmaka yadi mAne to 'guNa-guNI kA abheda hai' isa pakSa meM bhedapakSavAdI ne doSa diyA hai ki aMdhavyakti ko ghaTa kA (parokSa) jJAna kisI taraha yadi ho jAya, to ghaTIyarUpa kA bhI jJAna ho jAnA cAhie / isalie abhedapakSa yukta nahIM hai| aise hI avayavA'vayavI kA bhedA'bheda syAdvAda siddhAnta meM svIkRta hai, yadi avayavAvayavI kA (kevala) bheda mAnA jAya to, abhedavAdI ne doSa diyA hai ki avayavagata gurutva se avayavIgata gurutva kA utkarSa ho jAyagA, isalie bheda pakSa bhI yukta nahIM hai, yaha eka eka pakSa meM kahA huA doSa bhedA'bhedAtmaka vastu ko mAnanevAle syAdvAda siddhAnta meM lAgU hote hI haiM / aise hI vastumAtra ko nityA'nityAtmaka sthAdvAdiyoM ne mAnA hai / vastu ko yadi kevala nitya mAnA jAya to vastu meM arthakriyAkAritva hI nahIM ho sakatA hai / yadi vaha nityavastu krama se arthakriyA karegI to kAlAntarabhAvi sabhI kriyAoM ko prathamakAla meM hI kara DAlegI, kyoMki sabhI kiyAoM ko karane kI zakti ko dhAraNa karanevAlI vastu vilamba kyoM karegI ? yadi vilamba karegI, to vastu meM sAmarthya kA abhAva siddha ho jAyagA / yadi vastu yugapad hI sakala kriyA ko karegI yaha pakSa rakhA jAya, to yaha bhI pratItiviruddha hai| kAraNa, koI bhI vastu sakala kAla meM honevAlI sabhI kriyAoM ko eka sAtha karatI hai aisA dekhane meM nahIM AtA hai / yadi mAna liyA jAya ki vaha sabhI kriyAoM ko eka sAtha karatI hai, to dvitIya kSaNa meM arthakriyAkAritva vastu meM nahIM rahegA, isalie vaha asat bana jAyagI kyoMki arthakriyAkAritva hI sat kA lakSaNa hai| nityatva pakSa meM yaha doSa lagatA hai / vastu ko kevala anitya mAnane meM yaha doSa hai ki anitya vastu bhI krama se arthakriyA nahIM kara sakatI hai kyoMki usa meM krama hI nahIM hai / kAlikapaurvAparya aura daizikapaurvAparya hI krama padArtha hai, vaha anityatvavAdi ke pakSa meM sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki vaha vastu ko kSaNika mAnatA hai| kSaNika vastu aneka deza aura aneka kAla taka

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20 upA. yazovijaya racita raha nahIM sakatI hai yaha doSa anityatvapakSa meM lagatA hai| yaha pratyeka pakSa meM hone vAlA doSa nityAnitya ubhaya pakSa meM bhI lAgU hogA hI / ataH vastu bhedAbheda ubhayAtmaka ho nahIM sakatI / taba 'vastu ke kisI eka aMza kA pradhAnarUpa se grAhaka naya hotA hai'-aimA kahanA sambhAvita nahIM hai| dUsarI Apatti yaha hai ki jaba bhedAbheda ubhayAtmaka aura nityAnitya upayAtmaka vastu ko mAnane meM pratyeka pakSokta doSa lAgU hai, taba doSayukta pakSakA svIkAra karanA bhrabharUpa hai| isalie bhedAbheda ubhaya ekavastu meM pramIyamANa yAnI pramAviSaya nahIM ho sktaa| jaba pramIyamANa nahIM hai, taba bheda-abheda, nityatva-anityatva Adi kA eka vastu meM virodha siddha hone se bhedAdi meM virodha nahIM hotA hai, aisA mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM hai| isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna "jAtyantaratvAbhyupagamAt" isa grantha se upAdhyAyajIne diyA hai / guDa mizrita zuNThAdravya meM jAtyantara mAna lene para jase-kaphakAritA tathA pittakAritA doSa kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai usItaraha bhedAbhedAdi ubhayAtmaka vastu meM bhI jAtyantara mAna lene para pratyeka prakSokta doSa kA avasara nahIM AtA hai / / tAtparya yaha hai ki pratyeka pakSa meM jo doSa diyA gayA hai, vaha ekAnta bheda aura ekAnta abheda mAnakara vaise hI-ekAnta, nityatva aura ekAnta anityatva mAnane meM pratyeka pakSa meM doSa diyA gayA hai, kintu vaha doSa syAdvAda siddhAnta meM tabhI lAgU ho sakatA hai, yadi syAdvAdI vastu meM ekAnta bheda aura ekAnta abheda ina donoM ko mAnya karatA ho, tathA ekAnta nityatva aura ekAnta anityatva ina donoM ko eka vastu meM mAnatA ho, kintu aisA to nahIM hai / syAdvAdI to vastu meM kathaMcit bheda aura kathaMcit abheda mAnatA hai, vaise hI kathaMcit nityatva aura kathaMcita anityatva vastu meM mAnatA hai / isalie yaha ubhayAtmaka vastu jAtyantara hI hai| ataH kathaMcita bheda aura kathaMcita abheda mAnA jAtA hai, vaise hI kathaMcit nityatva aura kathaMcit anityatva vastu meM mAnA jAtA hai| isalie yaha ubhayAtmaka vastu jAtyantara hI hai| pratyeka pakSokta doSa kA yahA~ sambhava nahIM hai| ___"dRSTA hi" ityAdi-jAtyantara svIkAra karane para pratyeka pakSa meM die hue doSa kI nivRtti kaise hotI hai isa kA samarthana karane ke lie guDazuNThIdravya dRSTAnta rUpase upAdhyAyajIne batAyA hai / usa kA Azaya yaha hai ki jaba guDa aura zuNThI ye donoM dravya saMyukta hote haiM arthAt-donoM kA mizraNa hotA hai, taba vaha vilakSaNa cUrNarUpa bana jAtA hai / usa cUrNa ko na to guDa kaha sakate haiM aura na zuNThI kaha sakate haiM / kyoMki usa cUrNa meM na to guDa meM rahe hue utkRSTa mAdhurya kA anubhava hotA hai aura na to usa cUrNa ke bhakSaNa se zuNThI dravya meM rahI haI utkaTa kaTatA kA hI anubhava hotA hai| tathA kevala guDabhakSaNa meM jo kaphadoSajanakatA hai, tathA kevala zuNThIbhakSaNa meM jo pittadoSajanakatA hai, ye donoM doSa cUrNabhakSaNa meM nahIM hai, kintu ina donoM doSoM kI nivRtti hI cUrNabhakSaNa se hotI hai / isalie ina donoM dravyoM se banA huA jo cUrNa dravya hai, usa meM guDazi meM zuNThI dravya kA anuvedha hai aura zuNThI dravyAMza meM guDa dravya kA anuvedha hai| "anuvedha" zabda kA artha anupraveza yA atyanta saMyoga hotA hai / isa hetu se vaha cUrNa

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nyarahasya "neyaM jAtyantaranimittA, kintu mitho mAdhurya-kaTukatvotkarSa-hAniprayuvate" ti cet ? na,- dvayorekatarabalavattva evA'nyA'pakarSasambhavAt , tanmandatAyAmapi mandapittAdidoSApattezca / jAtyantarabhAva ko prApta hotA hai aura usa dravya se kevala guDa prayukta doSa kI nivRtti hotI hai, tathA kevala zuNThI prayukta jo doSa hotA hai usakI bhI nivRtti hotI hai| isI kevala bhadapakSa kathita doSa aura kevala abhedapakSa meM kathita doSa kI nivatti. bhedAbheda ke mizraNa meM jAtyantara bhAva arthAt guDatva aura zuNThItva jAti se vilakSaNa jAti kA svIkAra kara lene se ho jAtI hai / isa dRSTAnta se yaha sUcita hotA hai ki vastadvayakA mizraNa hone para jAtyantara kI kalpanA adRSTakalpanA nahIM hai, kintu guDazuNThI dravyoM ke mizraNa se jAtyantaratva kI prApti dRSTa hai| isalie bheda-abheda ke mizraNa hone para jAtyantara kI kalpanA dRSTAnusArI kalpanA hai| [pittAdidoSa ke nivAraNa kI anyathA upapatti kI AzaMkA ] "neyamiti"-yahA~ yaha zaMkA hotI hai ki-"guDa aura zuNThI se bane hue cUrNa meM eka nayI atirikta jAti svIkAra karake usa jAtyantara ko hI kaphakAritA aura pittakAritA doSoM kI nivRtti ke prati kAraNa mAnanA Avazyaka nahIM lagatA hai, kintu guDa kA saMyoga hone para zuNThI dravya meM jo utkaTa kaTutA hai, usa kA nAza ho jAtA hai / isa utkaTa kaTutA ke nAza ko hI pittakAritA kI nivRtti kA kAraNa mAnA jAya / tathA guDa dravya meM zuNThI dravya ke saMyoga hone para guDa dravyagata jo madhuratA kA utkarSa hai usa kA nAza ho jAtA hai| vahI utkarSanAza kaphakAritA kI nivRtti kA kAraNa banatA hai| taba jAtyantara mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM pratIta hotI hai / tathA isa jAtyantara ko dRSTAnta mAnakara bhedAbheda ke mizraNa se vastuko kathaMcit ubhayAtmaka mAna kara aura usa ubhayAtmaka vastu meM jAtyantara svIkAra karake tatprayukta pratyeka pakSoMke doSa kA nivAraNa karanA bhI gauravagrasta hone se ayukta pratIta hotA hai|" doSanivRtti kI anyathA upapati kA spaSTa nirAkaraNa] isa kA samAdhAna upAdhyAyajI dete haiM ki Apa kI zaMkA ayukta hai| kyoMki jina vastuoM meM paraspara virodha hotA hai unameM se eka ke balavAna hone para dUsare meM utkarSa kI hAni hotI hai, athavA dUsare meM apakarSa hotA hai / yahA~ guDa aura zuNThI dravyoM meM paraspara dha mAna liyA jAya, taba bhI donoM meM se kisI eka kI balavattA nahIM siddha hotI hai kyoMki donoM dravyoM kA samAna parimANa se upAdAna kiyA jAtA hai| isalie eka dravya se dUsare dravya meM vidyamAna mAdhurya ke utkarSa kI hAni athavA eka dravya se apara dravyagata kaTutva kA apakarSa honA sambhavita nahIM hai| taba pittotkarSa ke hAniprayukta athavA apakarSa prayukta doSakAritA kI nivRtti ko mAnanA ucita nahIM pratIta hotA hai| kintu paraspara mizraNa se bane hue cUrNa dravya ko jAtyantara mAnakara tatprayukta hI pRthaka guDa pRthak zuNThIdravyagata kaphapittadoSakAritA kI nivRtti ko mAnanA ucita hai / arthAt-doSa (kAritA)

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upA. yazovijaya racita etenetare tara pravezAdekataraguNaparityAgo'pi nirastaH, anyataradoSApatteranubhava bAdhAcca / 22 nivRtti ke prati jAtyantara ko prayojaka mAnanA hI yogya hai / mAdhuryotkarSa kI nihA ko, tathA kaTukatvotkarSa kI hAni ko yA mAdhuryApakarSa aura kaTutApakarSa ko doSa (kAritA) kI nivRtti ke prati prayojaka mAnane para dUsarI Apatti bhI AtI hai / vaha yaha hai ki mAdhuryotkarSa kI hAni hone para, tathA mAdhuryApakarSa se, mandakaphakAritva ho jAnA cAhie / evaM kaTutotkarSa kI hAni hone para athavA kaTutA kA apakarSa hone para mandapittakAritA usa cUrNa meM honI cAhie, parantu guDazuNThI se taiyAra kiye hue cUrNa se mandakapha yA manda pitta kA honA anubhava meM nahIM AtA hai / isa hetu se usa cUrNadravya meM jAtyantara svIkAra karake tatprayukta doSa (kAritA) nivRtti ko mAnanA yaha yogya pratIta hotA hai / ataH isa dRSTAnta se kathaJcit bhedAbheda ubhayAtmaka vastu meM jAtyantara mAnakara tatprayukta pratyeka pakSa meM ukta doSa kA vAraNa karanA yahI yogya hai / [ mAdhurya yA kaTutA guNa ke parityAga se doSanivRtti kA asaMbhava ] " eteneti" - yahA~ kisI kA yaha mantavya hai ki guDa zuNThI ke saMyoga se bane hue cUrNa meM zuNThIdravya meM guDa kraya kA praveza hone se zuNThI dravya apane kaTukatva kA tyAga kara detA hai, aura guDa dravya meM zuNThI ke praveza se guDa dravya apane mAdhuryaguNa kA tyAga kara detA hai / isalie zuNThI meM pittadoSakAritA nahIM rahatI hai, tathA guDadravya meM kaphadoSakAritA nahIM rahatI hai, itane mAtra ko mAnane se yadi koI doSa nahIM hotA hai, taba guDazuNThI mizraNa se bane hue cUrNadravya meM jAtyantara mAnanA Avazyaka nahIM hai| isa pakSa ke nirAsa kA atideza upAdhyAyajI " etena" pada dvArA karate haiM / isakA bhAvArtha yaha hai ki ekatara kI balavattA hone para bhI anya kA apakarSa sambhava hotA hai vaise hI ekatara kI balavattA hone para bhI anya ke guNa kA parityAga bhI sambhavita ho sakatA hai| kintu yahA~ guDa aura zuNThI ina donoM dravyoM meM se koI bhI dravya adhika balazAlI nahIM hai, kintu donoM samAna balazAlI haiM / isI kAraNa se utkarSahAni yA apakarSa mAnane vAle pUrvakti pakSa kA nirAsa kiyA gayA hai| vaha nirAsa kA hetu to guNaparityAgapakSa meM bhI lAgU hai hI to usI hetu se guNatyAga pakSa kA bhI nirAsa ho jAtA hai / tathApi guNatyAga pakSa ko nirasta karane ke lie aura do hetu batAte haiM / ina meM eka hetu yaha hai ki- zuNThI ke praveza se guDa ke mAdhuryaguNa kA parityAga mAnA jAya to usa kAla meM zuNThI kA guNa jo kaTukatva hai usa kA to tyAga nahIM hotA hai, parantu usakA sadbhAva hai, taba kaTukava prayukta pittadoSa kI Apatti honI caahie| dUsarA, zuNThI dravya meM guDa dravya ke praveza se zuNThI kA guNa jo kaTukatva hai usa kA tyAga mAnA jAya to kaTukatva ke tyAgakAla meM guDa kA guNa jo mAdhurya hai, usa kA tyAga to nahIM hotA hai, kintu usa kA sadbhAva hI rahatA hai / isalie ukta cUrNa ke sevana se kapha kI vRddhi honI cAhie, vaha to hotI nahIM hai, isa hetu se yaha guNatyAga pakSa ayukta hai

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23 atha "samuditaguDazuNThIdravyaM pratyekaguDazuNThIbhyAM vibhinnamekasvabhAvameva dravyAntaraM, na tu mitho'bhivyApyAvasthitobhayasvabhAvaM jAtyantarami " ti cet ? na tasyA (a) dravyAntaratve vilakSaNa mAdhuryakaTukatvAnanubhavaprasaGgAt ekasvabhAvatve dopadvayopazamAhetutvaprasaGgAt / nayarahasya , dUsarA hetu "anubhavabAdharUpa' hai / usa kA tAtparya yaha hai ki guDazuNThI mizraNa se banA huA jo cUrNa hotA hai, usa ke sevana se mAdhurya aura kaTukatva kA hI anubhava hotA hai / yadi ekataraguNaparityAga pakSa mAnA jAya to yaha anubhava nahIM honA cAhie, parantu yaha anubhava hotA hai / isalie bhI ekatara guNa parityAga pakSa yukta nahIM hai, kintu ukta cUrNa dravya meM jAtyantara mAnanA hI yukta hai aura isa dRSTAnta se kathaJcid bhedAbhedaubhayAtmaka vastu meM jAtyantara mAnakara hI pratyeka pakSokta doSa kA nivAraNa karanA yogya hai / [guDazuNThIdravya dravyAMtara hone kI zaMkA ] "atha samudita" ityAdi yahA~ yaha zaMkA hotI hai ki- "paraspara mizrita guDazuNThA ko kevala guDa tathA kevala zuNThI se bhinna dravyAntara hI mAnA jAya tathA usa dravyAntara ko eka svabhAva mAnA jAya, to bhI kapha-pitta doSakAritA kI nivRtti ho sakatI hai, taba usa meM vilakSaNa jAti mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai / taba isa dRSTAnta se kathaJcit bhedAbheda ubhayasvabhAva vastu meM jAtyantara kI kalpanA kaise karate ho ? tathA jAtyantaraprayukta pratyeka pakSokta doSoM kA dhAraNa bhI kaise kara sakate ho ? kyoMki mizrita "guDazuNThI" dravya meM guDa aura zuNTI ina donoM ko vyApta karake rahanevAlA kapha-pitta ina donoM doSoM kA nivarttaka ubhayasvabhAva jAtyantara hama mAnate hI nahIM haiM aura jo vastu vAdi-prativAdi ina donoM ko mAnya na ho vaha vastu dRSTAnta nahIM bana sakatI hai / " - [ atirikta dravyAntara kI kalpanA ayukta - uttara ] isa kA uttara upAdhyAyajI aisA dete haiM ki guDazuNThI ke mizraNa se banA huA cUrNa dravya yadi guDa aura zuNThA se sarvathA bhinna mAnA jAya to cUrNa dazA meM bhI jo guDagata vilakSaNa mAdhurya kA anubhava hotA hai vaha na hogA / tathA zuNThIgata vilakSaNa kaTukatva kA jo anubhava hotA hai, vaha bhI na hogA / isalie usa cUrNAtmaka dravya ko guDa aura zuNTI se sarvathA bhinna dravyAntara mAnanA ucita nahIM hai / tathA dravyAntara mAnane meM yaha bhI doSa AtA hai ki yadi usa dravyAntara ko ekasvabhAva kalA mAnA jAya to, vaha dravyAntara kapha aura pitta ina donoM doSoM meM se kisI eka doSa ke upazama kA kAraNa yadyapi bana sakegA, parantu kapha aura pitta ina donoM doSoM ke upazama kA kAraNa nahIM bana sakegA / ubhayasvabhAva jAtyantara mAnane para donoM doSoM ke upazama kA hetu vaha cUrNa dravya banatA hai aisA anubhava hai, isalie jAtyantara mAnanA yahI pakSa zreSTha hai aura isa dRSTAnta se kathaJcit ubhayAtmaka ekavastu meM jAtyantara svIkAra karake hI tatprayukta pratyeka pakSokta doSoM kA vAraNa karanA zreSTha hai /

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24 upA. yazovijaya racita ubhayajananaikasvabhAvasya cAnekatvagarbhatvena sarvathaikatvAyogAd ekayA zaktyobhayakArya jananetigrasaGgAd vibhinnasvabhAvAnubhavAcca / tasmAnmAdhurya-kaTukatvayoH parasparAnavedhanimitlamevomayadopanivartakatvamityAdaraNIyam / dravyAntara meM ubhaya doSa ke upazamakI kAraNatA kI zaMkA] "ubhaye"ti-yahA~ yaha AzaMkA hotI hai ki-"dravyAntara mAnane para bhI kapha aura pitta ina donoM doSoM ke upazama kA kAraNa vaha cUrNarUpa dravyAntara bana sakatA hai| kyoMki usa dravya meM jo hama ekasvabhAvatA mAneMge vaha kaphopazama aura pittopazama ina donoM kAryo kI janikA mAneMge taba to kAryadvayajanaka ekasvabhAvavAlA vaha dravyAntara hogA aura usa se kapha aura pina donoM kI nivRtti ho jAyagI, taba usa mizraNa meM jAtyantara mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA hogI ? arthAt kucha nhiiN| taba dRSTAnta meM jAtyantaratA kI asiddhi hone se dArTAntika jo kathaJcit ubhayAtmaka ekavastu meM jAtyantaratA hai usa kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai|" [umayadoSa nivartaka svabhAva anekatvagarbhita-pratyuttara] isa kA samAdhAna upAdhyAyajIne aisA diyA hai ki kaphanivRtti aura pitta nivRtti ina donoM kAryo kA janaka svabhAva eka nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki uayajanana ekasvabhAva meM ubhayatva kA praveza hone se vaha svabhAva anekatva garbhita hai, arthAta anekatva usakI kukSi meM praviSTa hai, kyoMki kapAnivRtti aura pittanivRtti ye donoM kArya haiM / yahA~ kArya kA bheda hai isalie kArya ke bheda se svabhAva kA bhI bheda hogA / ataH aneka kAryajanaka svabhAva meM ekatva kisI taraha nahIM A sakatA hai| isalie usa cUrNadravya ko aneka kAryajanaka ekasvabhAva nahIM mAna sakate haiN| taba aise svabhAva se doSadvaya kI nivRtti nahIM ho sakatI hai / ataH doSadvaya nivRtti ke lie usa dravya meM ubhaya svabhAva jAtyantara mAnanA hI zreyaskara hai| [eka svabhAva dravyAntaragata eka zakti se kAryadvaya kI anupapatti] yadi yaha zaMkA UThAyI jAya ki-"guDazuNThI mizraNa se bane hue dravya meM kAryadvayajanaka ekasvabhAvatA nahIM mAnI jAya to bhI usa dravya me jAtyantara mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki usa dravya meM kAryadvayajanaka eka zakti mAneMge, usI zakti ke dvArA kaphazamana aura pittazamana ye donoM kArya ho jAyeMge, jAtyantara mAnanA nirarthaka hai"-to isakA samAdhAna isa prakAra se diyA gayA hai ki- ekazakti se yadi kAryadvaya kA janana mAnege to kaphazamana aura pittazamana ina donoM kAryo meM bheda siddha nahIM hogA, kyoMki kAraNavailakSaNya se hI kArya meM valakSaNya AtA hai| zakti to Apa eka mAnate haiM, kyoMki pittazamana karanevAlI jo zakti hai vahI zakti kaphazamana karanevAlI bhI Apa mAnate haiM / isalie pittazAmaka zakti aura kaphazAmakazakti meM bhI balakSaNya nahIM hogaa| taba pittazamana aura kaphazamana ina donoM kAryoM meM bhI vailakSaNya nahIM hogA / isalie pittazamana hI

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nayarahasya nanu jAtyantaratvepi pratyekadopanivRttiriti naikAntaH, pRthaka snigdhoSNayoH kaphapittavikAritvavat samuditasnigdhoSNasyApi mASasya tathAtvAditi cet ? na, mASe snigdhoSNatvayotyintarAtmakatvA'bhAvAdanyonyAnuvedhena svabhAvAntarabhAvanivandhanasyaiva tattvAt / atra ca snigdhoSNatvayorgujAphale raktatvakRSNatvayoriva khaNDazovyAptyA'vasthAnAt, tyantarAtmakasnigdhoSNatvazAlini ca dADime zleSmapittobhayadoSA'kAritvamiSTameva, "snigyoSNaM dADimaM ramya, zleSmapittA'virodhi ca' iti vacanAditi sampradAyaH / kaphazamanarUpa ho jAyagA aura kaphazamana hI pittazamanarUpa ho jAyagA / yahI yahA~ para atiprasaMgapadArtha hai jo kAryo meM valakSaNya kA abhAva ho jAtA hai / tAtparya, jAtyantara kA svIkAra karanA Avazyaka hai| tathA guDazuNThI se bane hue cUrNarUpa dravyAntara ko ekasvabhAva mAnane meM anubhavabAdha bhI doSa hotA hai / kyoMki usa dravya meM mAdhuryasvabhAva kA anubhava hotA hai aura kaTutA svabhAva kA bhI anubhava hotA hai, ye donoM svabhAva paraspara vilakSaNa haiM / ataH anubhava ke anurodha se vibhinna svabhAva mAnanA Avazyaka hai| vaha jAtyantara ko svIkAra kie binA sambhavita nahIM ho sktaa| isalie jAtyantaratA avazya mAnanI cAhie aura isa dRSTAMta se kathaJcida bhedAbheda ubhayAtmaka ekavastu meM bhI jAtyantara svIkAra ke dvArA hI pratyeka pakSokta doSa kA vAraNa karanA cAhie / "tasmAt" ityAdi paMkti dvA kA upasaMhAra isataraha upAdhyAyajI karate haiM ki guDazuNThI se bane hue cUrNa dravya meM vilakSaNa svabhAva kA anubhava hotA hai| isa hetu se mAdhurya aura kaTukatva meM jo doSadvayanivArakatva AtA hai usa meM nimitta una donoM kA paraspara anuvedha arthAt mizraNa bhI hai| ina donoM dharmoM kA mizraNa dharmArUpa guDazuNThI dravyoM ke mizraNa se hotA hai arthAt-zuNThI kA anupraveza guDa meM aura guDa kA anupraveza zuNThI meM hone para una ke dharmoM kA bhI anupraveza ho jAtA hai| isalie pitta aura kapharUpa doSoM kI nivRtti hotI hai-yahI Adara karane yogya hai, arthAt-isI ko mAnanA cAhie / [jAtyantara bhAnane para bhI pratyeka doSa nivRtti ke aniyama kI zakA kA uttara] "nanu" ityAdi-samudita dravya meM jAtyantara ko na mAnanevAle yahA~ para zaMkA uThAte hai ki-"pratyeka se honevAle doSa kI nivRtti jAtyantarabhAva prApta samudita dravya se hotI hai yaha niyama nahIM hai, kyoMki snigdhasvabhAva se honevAle jo kapa doSa aura uSNasvabhAva se honevAlA jo pittadoSa vaha samadita snigdhoSNasvabhAvavAle mASa (uDada) se hotA hai| mASa kevala snigdhasvabhAva yA kevala uSNasvabhAva nahIM hai kintu jAtyantarabhAva ko prApta hai, to bhI usa se pratyeka svabhAvajanya doSoM kI utpatti hotI hai| isalie 'jAtyantarabhAva ko prApta samRdita dravya se pratyeka doSa kI nivRtti hotI hai' isa vyApti meM vyabhicAra

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upA. yazovijaya racita yadyapi jAtyantaratvaM na pratyekakAryA'kAritvena niyataM, bhedAbhedena bhedAbhedavyavahArAt-tathApi vibhinnadharmayorabhivyApya samAveza evoktanidarzanam , anyatrokta nRsiMhanidarzanaM tu samAvezamAtra eva, tatra nRtvasiMhatvayoranyAnyabhAgAvacchedenaiva samAvezAt / AtA hai / taba to bhedAbhedAtmaka ekavastu meM jAtyantara svIkAra kara ke pratyeka pakSokta doSa kA vAraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai|"-is kA samAdhAna upAdhyAyajI dete haiM ki mASa meM snigdhatva aura uSNatva jAtyantarAtmaka nahIM hai / kyoMki jahA~ para paraspara anuvedha sampUrNatayA hotA hai, vahA~ svabhAvAntaratva mAnA jAtA hai, aura usa svabhAvAntaratva kA nimitta banAkara jAtyantaratva bhI mAnA jAtA hai| mASa meM snigdhatva-uSNatva kA paraspara anuvedha sampUrNatayA nahIM hai, kintu khaNDazaH hai / arthAt-mASa ke amuka bhAga meM snigdhatva aura usa se atirikta dvitIyabhAga meM uSNatva hai| jaise-"gujAphala' (caNoThI) meM ekabhAga ko vyApta kara ke raktatva rahatA hai aura anyabhAga ko vyApta kara ke kRSNatva rahatA hai, sampUrNa guMjAphala ko vyApta kara ke na to kRSNatva rahatA hai aura na to raktatva hI rahatA hai / usI taraha mASa meM ekabhAga ko vyApta kara ke snigdhatva rahatI hai aura aparabhAga ko vyApta kara ke uSNatva rahatA hai, sampUrNa mASa ko vyApta kara ke na to snigdhatva rahatA hai, na uSNatva hI rahatA hai / isalie mASa meM jAtyantaratvarUpa hetu hI nahIM hai / taba yadi 'pratyeka doSa nivartakatva'rUpa sAdhya na rahA to ukta niyama meM vyabhicAra nahIM AtA hai, kyoMki sAdhya jahA~ na rahe vahA~ hetu kA rahanA hI vyabhicAra hai aura jAtyantaratva rUpa hetu mASa meM nahIM hai / isalie kathaJcit bhedAbhedaubhayAtmaka vastu meM pratyeka pakSokta doSa kA vAraNa karanA ucita hI hai| dADima meM snigdhatva aura uSNatva ye donoM svabhAva sampUrNa meM vyApta rahatA hai, isalie vaha jAtyantarAtmaka hai, tatprayukta kapha aura pitta ina donoM doSoM kI utpatti dADimasevana se nahIM hotI hai, yaha to sabhI ko iSTa hai, parantu usa kA prayojaka jAtyantarAtmakatva hI hai / dADima meM kapha aura pitta ye ubhayadoSakAritA nahIM hai, isa meM prAcIna AcArya ke vacana ko pramANarUpa se sAkSi dete haiM-"snigdhoga dADimaM ramya" ityAdi / dADima snigdhoSNasvabhAva hai, isIlie ramya hai, arthAt hRdaya priya hai, aura zleSma aura pitta kA avirodhi hai| yahA~ "avirodhi" pada se yaha artha nikalatA hai ki dADima jase zleSmapitta kA virodhi nahIM hai usI prakAra zleSma aura pitta kA utpAdaka bhI nahIM hai, isalie "zleSmapittarUpa doSadvayaakAritva" isa meM ghaTatA hai, aura vaha iSTa bhI hai / yaha paramparA kI mAnyatA hai| [pratyeka kAryA'kAritva aura jAtyantaratva meM aniyama kI AzaMkA ___ "yadyapI"ti-yahA~ yaha AzaMkA hotI hai ki "Apane jo jAtyantaratva kA svIkAra kara ke pratyeka pakSokta doSa kA nivAraNa kiyA hai, yaha ucita pratIta nahIM hotA, kyoMki jahA~ jahA~ jAtyantaratva hai, vahA~ vahA~ pratyeka kAryA'kAritva rahatA hai aisI vyApti hI nahIM bana sakatI hai / kyoM ki bhedAbhedAtmaka vastu meM isa vyApti kA vyabhicAra AtA hai / jaise,

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nayarahasya 27 na ca bhedAbhedAdyasamAveza eva, anubhavabAdhAt / na ca sAmAnyato'samAvezavyAptikalpanAdanubhava bhrAntatvam, pratiyogyAdigarbhatayA viziSTasyaiva bhedAbhedAdyasamAvezavyAptikalpanAditi tu tattvam / vastu meM bhedAbhedAtmakatva hone se jAtyantaratvarUpa hetu haiM aura bhedAtmakatva prayukta bhedavyavahArarUpa pratyekakArya hotA hai tathA abhedAtmakatvaprayukta abheda vyavahAra svarUpa pratyeka kArya bhI hotA hai ataH pratyeka kAryakAritva hI bhedAbhedAtmaka pratyeka vastu meM hai ataH pratyeka kAryAskAritva sAdhya kA vyabhicArI siddha hotA hai / [ pratyeka kAryAskAritva kA aniyama aniSTApAdaka nahIM hai- uttara] isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna " tathApi" ityAdi paMkti se diyA jAtA hai ki yadyapi jAtyantaratva hone para bhI jo pratyeka kAryakAritva hotA hai, vaha syAdvAdI ko atyanta aniSTa nahIM hai, kyoMki dADima ke dRSTAnta se jo jAtyantaratva aura pratyekakAryAkAritva meM vyApti banAyI gaI hai vaha dRSTAnta utane hI aMza meM grAhya hai, jitane aza meM vibhinna dharmo kA paraspara vyApta hokara samAveza hotA hai / jaise- dADima meM jAtyantaratva hone para bhI snigdhatva - uSNatva vibhinna dharmo kA paraspara abhivyApta hokara samAveza hai aura yahA~ vyabhicAra nahIM hai, jAtyantara hone se pratyeka pakSokta doSoM kA vAraNa bhI hotA hai, anekAtmakatva kI siddhi bhI hotI hai / anyasthala meM nRsiMha dRSTAnta se jo anekAntAtmakatva kI siddhi kI gaI hai, vaha bhI syAdvAdI ko iSTa hI hai / antara itanA hai ki nRsiMha dRSTAnta se naratva - siMhatva kA paraspara abhivyApta hokara ekavastu meM samAveza nahIM hai, kintu avacchedaka bheda se ekavastu meM samAveza hai, isa samAvezamAtra ko lekara jaise nRsiMha zarIra narAtmaka aura siMhAtmaka hone se anekAntAtmaka haiM, vaise hI vastu meM bhedAbhedAdiviruddhadharma bhI " anya anya bhAgAvacchedena samAviSTa " mAnA jAya to bhI pratyeka vastu meM anekAntAtmakatva kI siddhi meM koI bAgha nahIM hotA hai / isIlie abhiyuktoM kA yaha vacana pramANita siddha hotA hai "bhAge siMho naro bhAge, yo'sau bhAgadvayAtmakaH / tamabhAgaM vibhAgena narasiMhaM pracakSate // [ 1 = nRsiMha zarIra ke Upara ke bhAga meM siMhatva hai aura adhobhAga meM naratva hai to bhI vibhAga kI vivakSA ko na kara ke narasiMha pada se vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai aura vibhAga kI vivakSA hone para naratva aura siMhatva kA bhI vyavahAra hotA hai / usI taraha bhedAbhedAtmaka vastu meM, bhedAtmakatva vivakSA se bhedavyavahAra aura abhedAtmakatva vivakSA se abheda vyavahAra bhI hotA hai, to bhI vastu meM bheda aura abheda ina donoM kA samAveza hone ke kAraNa anekAntAtmaka bhI hai / nRsiMha dRSTAnta kA yahI tAtparya hai / [ bhedAbhedobhaya kA ekatra sarvathA asamAveza anubhavaviruddha hai ] " na ca bhedAbhede 'ti - yahA~ yaha AzaMkA uThatI hai ki - "ekavastu meM bheda aura abheda ityAdi viruddhadharmo ko jo syAdvAdI mAnate haiM, yaha bAta ayukta pratIta hotI hai kyoMki

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28 upA. yazovijaya racita viruddhadharma jo gonya azvatya haiM, unakA kisI eka dharmI go athavA azva meM samAveza dekhA nahIM jAtA hai| taba dRSTaviparIta vastu kA svIkAra karanA syAdvAdiyoM ke liye ThIka nahIM hai / isalie neda-abheda, nityatva-anityatva Adi viruddha dharmo kA ekavastu meM samAveza hotA hI nahIM hai| isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna "anubhavabAdhAt" isa paMkti se diyA jAtA hai ki gotva-azvatva Adi viruddha dharmA' kA eka dharmI meM anubhava kisI ko nahIM hotA hai, isalie unakA eka dharmI meM samAveza bhale na ho, parantu jina viruddha dharmo kA eka dharmI meM anubhava hotA hai, una viruddha dharmoM ke eka dharmI meM samAveza ko gotva-azvatva Adi viruddha dharmoM ke dRSTAnta se na mAnanA anubhavaviruddha hogaa| ghaTAtmaka vastu kA vizeSa rUpa se anubhava hotA hai| 'yaha ghaTa dravya vizeSarUpa hai' yahI vizeSAnubhava hai, isalie ghaTa meM bheda bhI rahatA hai / vizeSa ko hI bheda kahate haiM, kyoMki vizeSa aura bheda ye donoM zabda paryAyavAcaka hai / usI ghaTa meM 'yaha dravya hai' isataraha sAmAnya rUpa se bhI anubhava hotA hai isalie abheda bhI ghaTAtmaka vastu me anubhavasiddha hai| ataH bhedAbhedAtmaka ghaTa kI anubhava se siddhi hotI hai| yadi ghaTa meM bheda aura abheda ina viruddha dharmoM kA samAveza na mAnA jAya to anubhava kA bAdha upasthita hogA / anubhavAnusAra hI vastu kI vyavasthA sabhI vAdI ko iSTa hai, isalie vastu meM bhedAbhedAdi viruddha dharmA kA samAveza mAnanA hI yogya hai| [viruddha ubhayadharmoM ke ekatra samAveza kA anubhava bhrAnta hone kI zaMkA kA uttara] "na ca sAmAnyataH' iti-yahA~ para yaha AzaMkA ho ki-Apane jo anubhavabAdha batAyA hai, vaha yukta nahIM hai / kyoMki ekavastu meM bhinnatva aura abhinnatva kA anubhava bhrAntirUpa hai, aura bhramAtmaka anubhava se kisI vastu kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai kyoMki pramAtmaka anubhava hI vastu kA sAdhaka mAnA gayA hai / bheda aura abheda ye donoM paraspara viruddha hote haiM, una kA ekavastu meM samAveza nahIM hotA hai yahI niyama hai / taba bheda aura abheda kI ekavastu meM buddhi bhramAtmaka hone ke kAraNa vastu ko bhedAbhedAtmaka siddha nahIM kara sakatI hai, taba to anubhava ke bala para jo Apane bhedAbhedAtmaka vastu ko mAnA hai, vaha yuktisaMgata nahIM hai / - isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna "pratiyogyAdigarbhatayA" isa paMkti se diyA jAtA hai| samAdhAna kA tAtparya yaha hai ki bheda aura abheda ina donoM kA sAmAnyarUpa se virodha hai hI nahIM / kyoMki go kA bheda azva meM rahatA hai aura azva meM azva kA abheda bhI rahatA hai / yadi yaha kaheM ki-"gobheda aura azvAbheda kA virodha to nahIM hai kintu gobheda aura go-abheda ina donoM kA virodha hai, aise hI azvabheda aura azvAbheda kA virodha hai cUki ye donoM ekavastu meM nahIM rahate haiN|"-to yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM haiM / kAraNa, nIla gAya meM pIta gAya kA bheda hai aura pItagAya meM nIlagAya kA bheda hai to bhI ina donoM meM gAya kA abheda rahatA hai| isItaraha eka hI vRkSameM zAkhAvacchedena kapisaMyogi kA abheda rahatA hai aura mUlAvacchedena kapisayogi kA bheda rahatA hai| isa hetu se bhedA. bheda kA sAmAnyarUpa se virodha na mAna kara vizeSarUpa se hI virodha mAnanA hogA / arthAt-tadarUpeNa tatpratiyogibheda aura tadarUpeNa tatpratiyogi-abheda kA virodha mAnanA

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nayarahasya 29 " dravyaparyAyayorvAstavo'bheda eva, saMkhyA saMjJAlakSaNa kAryabhedAcca svAbhAviko bheda" iti tu na ramaNIyam bhedasyA'svAbhAvikatve saMkhyAdInAM nirAlambanatvA''pAtAt / hogA | jaise-gotvena rUpeNa gopratiyogibheda aura gotvena rUpeNa gopratiyogi abheda kA virodha hai / evaM tadavacchedena tatpratiyogibheda aura tadavacchedena tatpratiyogi abheda kA virodha mAnanA hogA / aise pratiyogiavacchedaka sambandha Adi kA praveza kara ke vizeSarUpeNa bhedAbheda kA ekavastu meM samAveza nahIM hotA hai yahI niyama mAnanA Avazyaka hogA / taba sAmAnyarUpa se bhedAbheda kA ekavastu meM samAveza hone meM koI bAdhaka na hone se eka vastu meM bhedAbhedAdi kA anubhava bhramarUpa nahIM hai, kintu pramAtmaka hI hai, taba usa anubhava se bhedAbhedAtmaka vastu ko mAnanA yukta hI hai / yaha syAdavAdI kA abhiprAya hai / [ dravya - paryAya meM vAstavAbhedavAdImata kA vistaraNa aura nirAkaraNa ] 'dravyaparyAyayoH' iti - syAdavAda siddhAnta meM dravya aura paryAya ina donoM meM bheda aura abheda ye donoM vAstavika hI mAne gae haiM / kintu kisI vidvAna kA yaha mantavya hai ki, "abheda to vAstavika hai aura bheda vAstavika nahIM hai / una kA Azaya yaha hai ki miTTI - suvarNAdi hI ghaTazarAvAdirUpa se tathA kaTaka - kuMDalAdirUpa se pariNAma ko prApta hote haiM / isalie ghaTa - zarAvAdirUpa paryAya mRdravyarUpa hI hai, kintu usa se bhinna nahIM hai / tathA - kaTakakuNDalAdirUpa paryAya suvarNadravyarUpa hI hai / isa hetu se dravya aura paryAya meM vAstavikarUpa se abheda hI hai, bheda nahIM hai / taba jo bheda kI pratIti hotI hai, vaha asvAbhAvika hai / arthAt upAdhi ke prabhAva se kalpita hai| jina upAdhiyoM ke dvArA dravyaparyAyoM meM bheda kI kalpanA hotI hai, ve upadhiyA~ cAra prakAra kI haiN| saMkhyAbheda, saMjJAbheda, lakSaNabheda aura kAryabheda / 'mRdra dravya eka hai' 'suvarNadravya eka hai,' aisA vyavahAra hotA hai isalie mRdAdi dravya meM ekatva saMkhyA hai| ghaTa do haiM-ghaTa bahuta hai, zarAba do hai-tIna haiM, cAra haiM, aisA vyavahAra paryAyoM hotA hai, isalie ghaTazarAvAdi paryAyoM meM dvitva, tritvAdi saMkhyAe~ haiM / isa taraha dravya aura paryAyoM meM saMkhyAbheda hai / isI rIti se suvarNAdi dravyoM meM aura unake kaTakakuNDalAdi paryAyoM meM bhI saMkhyAbheda haiM / evaM mRd dravya kI 'mRdra' yaha saMjJA hai / ghaTa-zarAvAdi paryAyoM kI ghaTa-zarAva - udaMcana ityAdi saMjJAe~ / isItaraha suvarNadravya kI suvarNa yaha saMjJA hai aura usa ke paryAyoM kI kaTaka, kunDala, svastika, rucaka ityAdi saMjJAe~ haiM / isa taraha kraya aura paryAyoM meM saMjJAbheda bhI vyavahAra se siddha hotA hai / tathA mRttvajAtimAn jo ho vaha mRttikA kahalAtI hai aura ghaTatva jAtimAn jI ho vaha ghaTa kahalAtA hai / isa taraha mRdarUpa dravya aura ghaTarUpa paryAya meM lakSaNa kA bhI bheda hai / vaise hI suvarNatva jAtimAn suvarNa kahA jAtA hai aura kaTaka tvAdijAtimAn kaTaka Adi kahA jAtA hai / isa rIti se suvarNa aura usa ke kaTaka Adi paryAyoM meM lakSaNa kA bheda hai / tathA mRda kA kArya bhItti, ghaTa, bhUmiliMpana Adi hai aura ghaTAdi paryAyoM kA kArya jalAharaNa Adi hai isa taraha mRt dravya aura usa ke paryAyoM meM kAryabheda bhI dRSTigocara hai / suvarNa dravya kA kArya suvarNabhasma ityAdi prasiddha hai / kaTakakuMDalAdi kA kArya zarIra kI zobhA ko baDhAnA ityAdi prasiddha hai / isa taraha

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upA. yazovijaya racita kathaM tatraiva kadAcid "guruH" ityekavacanaM, kadAcicca "gukhaH" iti bahuvacanam ? ucyate-dravyaparyAyayoryathAkramamudbhUtAnudbhUtatvavivakSaNAt zAbdanyAyAnusaraNAt / suvarNadravya aura usake paryAyoM meM kAryabheda bhI pratyakSa hI hai, ina cAroM upAdhiyoM se dravya aura unake paryAyoM kA bheda mAnA jAtA hai / vaha bheda svAbhAvika nahIM hai, kintu aupAdhika yA kAlpanika hai / " 30 parantu yaha mantavya yukta nahIM hai| kAraNa, dravya aura paryAya ina donoM kA vAstavika bheda yadi nahIM mAnA jAya to dvitvAdi saMkhyA, jo paryAyoM meM rahatI haiM aura paryAyoM kI jo ghaTakaTakAdi saMjJA tathA kambugrIvAdimattvAdi paryAyoM kA lakSaNa aura jalAharaNAdi paryAyoM kA kArya ye sabhI nirAzraya bana jAe~ge / kyoMki ina kA Azraya ukta paryAya hI ho sakate haiM / ve paryAya dravya se vastutaH bhinna na hone para to dravyasvarUpa meM hI ina kA niveza ho jAtA hai, dravya se pRthaka ina kI sthiti hai nahIM, taba ina meM rahanevAle saMkhyA, saMjJA Adi bhedoM kA AlaMbana kauna banegA ? isalie dravya aura paryAyoM kA bheda aura abheda ye donoM svAbhAvika hai / yahI mAnane yogya hai, yahI syAdvAda kA siddhAnta hai | I [ ekavacana bahuvacana ke prayogabheda kI upapatti ] " kathaM taka" ityAdi yahA~ yaha AzaMkA uThatI hai ki yadi bheda aura abheda donoM ko eka vastu meM vAstavika rUpa se syAdvAdI svIkAra karate haiM, to eka vyaktivizeSa 'guru' meM bheda bhI vAstavika hI hai, isalie bahuvacana kA prayoga honA ucita hai aura abheda bhI vAstavika hI hai, isalie ekavacana kA bhI prayoga prApta hai / ekavacana aura bahuvacana ina donoM kA eka sAtha prayoga honA sambhavita nahIM hai / 'kAlabheda se eka * nanvevaM paryAyanayodbhUtatvaprayuktavahutvavivakSayaikatrApi ghaTe 'ghaTAH' iti prayogApattiH, dravyanayodbhUtatvaprayuktaikatvavivakSayA ca 'Apo' 'dArA' ityAdAvapyekavacanApattiH, ubhayavivakSayA ca 'manuSyo gacchanti' ityAdi prayogApattiH / ekatvadharmitAvacchedakakabahutvaprakArakapratyaye icchAyA hetutve'pi 'ekatra dvayam' iti nyAyenaikavabahutvabodhasyASpratyUhatvAt / ' etAdRzazabdA'sAdhutvAnnaitA ApattayaH' iti cet ? tathApi sAdhutvabhrAntyA jAyamAnedRzajJAnaprAmANyApattiriti cet ? atra vadanti - nayavivakSAyAM yaddhaprakAreNaikatvabahutvaviSayatvaM, tajjanyazAbdabodhe'pi taddharmaprakAreNaiveti noktadoSaH / 'ghaTa eva rUpAdaya' iti dravyArthikavivakSayA tathaiva zAbdabodhAt, 'ghaTo rUpAdaya eva' iti paryAyArthavivakSayA ca tathaiva zAbdavodhAt / yadA tu dravyaparyAyanayayorekatva bahutvAbhyAM noddezo na vA vidhAnaM, kiMtu taduparAgeNa sattvAdyatra pratipipAdayiSitam tadA tAbhyAM 'ghaTo'sti' 'rUpAdayaH santi' ityevAbhilApaH / yadA tUbhayagocarayordharmadharmabhAvena pratipipAdayiSA tadA ghaTasya rUpAdaya ityevAbhilApa: / avacchedakavinirmokenaikatra bahutvaM tvanuzAsanopagraheNaiva nayaH prakAzayatIti naikapAdau 'ghaTA' ityAdiprayogApattiH / sAdhutvabhrAntyA jAyama najJAne ca viSayAbAvarUpapramANyasattve'pi svAvacchedakadharmAnavadhAraNena svaparavyavasAyitvalakSaNaM prAmANyam / [ ityayaM pAThaH TippaNakarUpeNa svayaM granthakRtA svalikhitahastAdarze pArzvadvaye'dhobhAge coTa kitaH pUrvamudrita pustakeSu ca granthamadhya eva saMyojito varttate] /

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nayarahasya yadA tUbhayorapyudbhUtatvaM vivakSyate, tadA bhavatu 'ghaTasya rUpAdaya' ityekadaivaikavacanabahuvacanaprayogaH / vacana aura bahuvacana donoM kA prayoga ho sakatA hai' aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai / Na, sabhI kAla meM bhedAbheda ke hone se ekatva, bahatva ina donoM kA donoM kAla meM honA anivArya hai| isalie ekatvaprayukta ekavacana kA prayoga bahutva se pratibaddha hogA aura bahutvaprayukta bahuvacana kA prayoga ekavacana se pratibaddha hogaa| taba kisI kAla meM "guruH" aisA ekavacana kA prayoga hotA hai aura kisI kAla meM "guravaH" aisA bahuvacana kA prayoga hotA hai vaha na honA cAhie"- isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna "ucyate" ityAdi sandarbha se diyA jAtA hai ki jaba eka hI vastu meM dravya ke udabhUtatva kI vivakSA vaktA ko rahegI aura paryAyoM meM anudabhUtatva kI vivakSA rahegI, taba "guruH" esA ekavacana kA prayoga hogA tathA vaktA ko jaba paryAyoM meM udabhUtatva kI vivakSA rahegI aura dravya meM anudabhUtatva kI vivakSA rahegI taba vaktA "guravaH" aisA bahuvacana kA prayoga kregaa| isa taraha vivakSAbheda se donoM prayoga sudhaTita bana jAte haiN| vivakSA vaktA kI icchA ko kahate haiN| vaktA kI icchA kA tAtparya' zabda se bhI vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| tAtparyabheda se prayoga meM bheda honA zabdazAstra ke AcAryoM ne mAnya kiyA hai| ghaTAdi vastu meM ekatva, dvitva, bahutva vAstavika hI rahate haiM / tathApi vivakSAbheda se ekavacana, dvivacana aura bahuvacana ke prayoga bhI zAbdikaloka ma.nya karate haiM kyoMki vaise prayoga loka meM prasiddha haiN| vyAkaraNazAstra lokAnusArI mAnA gayA hai / vyAkaraNa sUtrakAroM ne ekatva vivakSA rahane para ekavacana ho aura dvitva vivakSA rahane para dvivacana kA prayoga ho, tathA bahutva vivakSA rahane para bahuvacana kA prayoga ho isa Azaya ke sUtroM ko banAyA hai, yaha vyAkaraNazAstra kI nIti hai, isI ko zAbdanyAya kahate haiN| isI zAbdanyAya ke anusAra ekatva vivakSA rahane para ekavacana kA prayoga hogA, parantu yaha ekatva vivakSA taba hI hogI jaba dravya ko uddhRta aura paryAya ko anudA mAnA jAyagA / tathA bahatva vivakSA taba hI hogI jaba dravya ko aludabhUta aura paryAya ko ubhRta mAnA jAyagA aisA mAnanA Avazyaka bhI hai, kyoMki tAtparya - jJAna ko zAbdabodha ke prati kAraNa sabhI siddhAnta meM mAnA gayA hai| anyathA do arthavAle yA adhika arthavAle zabdoM kA jahA~ prayoga hotA hai, vahA~ zAbdabodha nahIM hotA hai jaba taka tAtparyajJAna nahIM hotA hai, vaha ho jAyagA / isalie tAtparyajJAna ko zAbdabodha ke prati kAraNa mAnanA Avazyaka hai| prakaraNa Adi ke paryAlocana se tAtparya kA nizcaya hone para do arthavAle yA adhika arthavAle zabdoM kA jahA~ prayoga hotA hai, vahA~ zAbdabodha hotA hI hai| isalie vivakSAbheda se "guruH" "guravaH" ina donoM prayogoM ke hone meM syAdvAdiyoM ko koI prakAra kI anapapatti nahIM hai| [eka sAtha eka vacana bahuvacana prayoga kI upapatti] "yadA bhayo0'' ityAdi- yahA~ yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki-"dravya kI udbhUtatva vivakSA rahane para ekavacana kA prayoga hotA hai aura paryAyoM kI udabhUtatva vivakSA rahane

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upA. yazovijaya racita ata eva zabalarUpatve kathamekatarapratipattiriti parAstam / sannikarpa viprakapAdivazAt yathAkSayopazamaM dravyaparyAyapradhAnabhAvenArthanyAyAdbhAvenApradhAnaguNabhUte'pi vastuni stvvttvaadiprtiptteH| tadidamuktam-''arpitAnarpitasiddheH' (tatvArtha 5-31) iti / adhikaM trisUtryAloke / para bahuvacana kA prayoga hotA hai, esA samAdhAna jo Apane diyA hai vaha to ThIka hai, kyoMki ye donoM prakAra ke prayoga kAdAcitka hote haiN| parantu jahA~ kisI vyakti ko dravya aura paryAya ina donoM meM udbhUtatva vivakSA hogI, vahA~ ekavacana yA bahuvacana ina donoM meM se kisa kA prayoga hogA ?" -isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna "tadA bhavatu" ityAdi paMkti se diyA jAtA hai ki "ghaTa" dravya hai aura ghaTIyarUparasAdi ghaTa ke paryAya haiM aura dravya paryAyoM kA sambandha jainadarzana ke anusAra kathaMcitUtAdAtmyarUpa mAnA gayA hai / isalie vastu dravya-paryAya ubhayAtmaka hotI hai, aisA syAdvAdiyoM kA siddhAnta hai| ata: jahA~ dravya aura paryAya ina donoM meM udabhRtatva kI vivakSA hotI hai, vahA~ dravyApekSayA vastu meM ekavacana kA prayoga aura paryAyApekSayA bahuvacana kA prayoga eka hI kAla meM hotA hI hai / jaise- "ghaTasya rUpAdayaH" aisA prayoga ekakAla meM hI hotA hai| yahA~ ghaTarUpa dravya meM udabhRtatva kI vivakSA hone se ghaTazabda se ekavacana vibhakti AI hai aura usa ghaTadravya se sambaddha kathaJcit tAdAtmyApanna rUpAdi paryAyavAcaka rUpAdi zabda se paryAya meM utatva vivakSA hone se bahuvacana vibhakti bhI prayukta huI hai| ata eva ekavacana aura bahuvacana donoM kA prayoga eka kAla meM eka vastu ke lie jaina siddhAnta meM yuktiyukta hI hai| [vivakSAda se vivakSitadharma kI niyata pratipatti] "ata eve"tyAdi-vivakSAbheda se kahIM ekavacana kA prayoga, kahIM bahuvacana kA prayoga kahIM ekakAla meM hI ekavacana-bahuvacana donoM kA prayoga jaise yuktiyukta hote haiM, vase vivakSAbheda se hI anantadharmAtmaka vastu hone para bhI kahIM eka vastu kI, kahIM aneka vastu kI pratipatti hotI hai| taba jo kisI ne yaha zaMkA uThAI hai ki- "vastu yadi zabalarUpa mAnI jAya arthAt ananta dharmAtmaka mAnI jAya to ghaTAdi zabda ke prayoga se ghaTAdigata bhedA'bheda, nityatva-anityatva, sattva asattva vagairaha sabhI dharmoM kI pratIti honI cAhie, kintu ghaTAdi zabda ke prayoga hone para hotI nahIM hai| isIlie vastu ko zabalarUpa arthAt anantadharmAtmaka mAnanA ucita nahIM hai - isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna vivakSAbheda svIkAra karane se ho jAtA hai| jisa dharma kI vivakSA rahegI, usI dharma kI pratIti ghaTAdi zabdoM ke zravaNa hone para hogii| avivakSita dharmoM kI pratIti nahIM hogI isa taraha ekatara kI pratipatti hone meM koI bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotI hai| isI vastu kA pratipAdana 'sannikarSaviprakarSAdivazAta ityAdi grantha se svaya upAdhyAyajI karate haiM / isa grantha kA Azaya yaha hai ki vastumAtra anantadharmAtmaka hai aura una anantadharmI kA kathaJcit tAdAtmyarUpa sambandha usa vasturUpa dharmI meM sadA rahatA hI hai / "kathaJcita

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nayarahasya 'tAdAtmya' zabda se 'aviSvagabhAva' abhipreta hai arthAt jisa vastu meM jo anantadharma rahate haiM ve dharma usa vastu se pRthaga nahIM hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki ve dharma apane dharmI se na to atyanta bhinna hai aura na atyanta abhinna hai tathApi jisa dharma kA pratipAdana abhISTa hotA hai taviSayaka jJAnAvaraNIya ka kA kSayopazama hone se vaha dharma buddhi kA viSaya hotA hai / isalie vaha dharma dharmI ke sAtha sannikRSTa mAnA jAtA hai / tathA jisa dharma kA pratipAdana karane kA prakRta meM kucha prayojana nahIM hai usa dharma kA pratipAdana abhISTa nahIM hotA hai / isalie taddharmaviSayaka jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama bhI usa kAla meM nahIM rahatA hai / isalie vaha dharma usa dharmI se usa kAla meM asannikRSTa mAnA jAtA hai kyoMki vaha dharma usa kAla meM vuddhigata nahIM rahatA hai| aise hI prakaraNavazAt koI dharma kisI kAla meM buddhigata hotA hai aura jina kA prakaraNa Adi nahIM rahatA hai ve dharma buddhigata nahIM hote haiN| isalie vuddhi ke sambandha aura asambandha se sannikarSa aura asannikarSa kI vyavasthA hotI hai| jaba dravyaviSayaka jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama rahatA hai taba dravya meM pradhAnatA rahatI hai parantu usa samaya bhI paryAyoM kA ArthanyAya se bhAva usa vastu meM rahatA hI hai / tathA paryAyaviSayaka jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA jaba kSayopazama rahatA hai, usa samaya paryAya meM pradhAnatA rahatI hai tathApi ArthanyAya se dravya kI bhI sattA vahA~ rahatI hI hai| [ ArthanyAya kA spaSTIkaraNa ] zabda dvArA eka padArtha kA jJAna hone para usa padArtha se sambandhita anya padArtha kA jo jJAna hotA hai usI ko ArthanyAya kahate haiM / jaise- "rAjA AgataH" isa vAkya se rAjA kA Agamana zabda se bodhita hotA hai aura rAjasambandhi rAjabhatya, dIvAna vagairaha kA Agamana bhI jJAta ho jAtA hai| kyoMki rAjA bhRtyoM ke vinA akele hI kahIM AtA jAtA nahIM hai| vahA~ rAjabhatya kA Agamana jo pratIta hotA hai-yaha zabda se nahIM pratIta hotA hai kyoMki 'rAjA AgataH' isa vAkya meM bhRtyabodhaka koI zabda nahIM hai, kintu zabdabodhita rAjA ke AgamanarUpa artha se hI bhRtyAgamanarUpa artha kA bhI jJAna ho jAtA hai / isI kA zAstra meM ArthanyAya zabda se zAstrakAra loga vyavahAra karate haiM / kahIM kahIM to ArthanyAya ke sthAna meM "arthAt" athavA "arthataH" ina zabdoM kA bhI vyavahAra zAstra meM aura loka meM bhI hotA hai| isalie dravya kI pradhAnatA kA jJAna jahA~ hotA hai, vahA~ gauNarUpa se paryAya kI bhI sattA rahatI hai, tathA paryAya kA pradhAna bhAva se jahA~ jJAna hotA hai vahA~ bhI ArthanyAya se dravya kI sattA bhI pratIta hotI hai| isalie anantadharmAtmaka vastu ke dharmoM meM apekSAkRta gauNa-pradhAna bhAva hone para bhI anantadharmAtmaka vastu to svayaM na pradhAnabhUta hai, na guNabhUta hai| aisI vastu meM zabalarUpatA hAne para bhI kSayopazamAnusAra sattva-ghaTatvAdi ekatara dharma kI pratipatti hAne meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| [arpitAnarpita sUtra kA tAtparya ] isa vastu ko pramANita karane ke lie tattvArtha sUtrakAra kI sammati "tadidamuktam"

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upA. yazovijaya racita dvau mUlabhedau, dravyArthikaH paryAyArthikazca / tatra "dravyamAtragrAhI nayo dravyArthikaH / " ayaM hi dravyameva tAcikamabhyupaiti, utpAda vinAzau punaratAtviko AvirbhAvatirobhAvamAtratvAt / ityAdi grantha se pradarzita karate haiM / "arpitAnarpita siddheH" isa sUtra se isI vastu kA sUtrakAra ne bhI samarthana kiyA hai / sUtrakAra kA Azaya yaha hai ki sabhI vasturUpa dharmI aneka dharmoM se yukta haiM to bhI jaba jaisA prayojana hotA hai, taba taddharmavAcaka zabda ke dvArA prayojana viSayIbhUta sambandhita dharma kA bodha kiyA jAtA hai| zabda ke dvArA vivakSita dharma ko bodhita karanA hI sUtragata "arpita" zabda kA artha hai| jisa dharma kA bodha karane meM prayojana nahIM rahatA hai, vaha dharma zabda ke dvArA bodhita nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, yahI sUtragata "anarpita" zabda kA artha hai / tathApi anarpita dharma kI siddhi arthAt jJAna gauNabhAva se hotA hI hai / arpita se anarpita dharma kI siddhi hotI hai, yaha sUtrArtha nikalatA hai| jisa ko raktakamala kA prayojana hotA hai, vaha "rakA kamalaM Anaya" isa vAkya kA prayoga kisI ke prati karatA hai| yahA~ para kamalagata raktatva prayojana se sambandhita hai| isalie rakta pada se arpita kiyA gayA hai, yahA~ raktatva dharma pradhAnarUpa se arpita hai / usa arpita raktatva dharma se anarpita zvetatva nIlatvAdi dharmoM kA gauNarUpa se bodha hotA hI hai| kyoMki kamalarUpa dharmI meM ina sabhI dharmoM kA sadabhAva hai / yadi kamala meM zvetatva nIlatvAdi dharmoM kA sadabhAva na hotA, to ina kI vyAvRtti ke lie rakta pada kA jo prayoga kiyA gayA hai vaha anarthaka bana jaataa| isalie arpita dharma se anarpita dharmoM kI siddhi vastumAtra meM mAnanI cAhie / aisA mAnane para vastu kI anekAntAtmakatA siddha ho jAtI hai| isI siddhi ke Azaya se yaha sUtra pravRtta hai| upAdhyAyajI ne bhI apane zabdoM se isI anantadharmAtmaka vastu kI siddhi kI hai / usakA samarthana isa sUtra se uktarIti se hotA hai| ataH granthakAra ke kathita arthI ko yaha sUtra pramANita karatA hai, isalie isa sUtra ko pramANarUpa se pradarzana karanA yogya hI hai / upAdhyAya jI yaha bhI sUcita karate haiM ki jisa ko isa se adhika artha kI jijJAsA ho, vaha trisUtryAloka' ko dekhe / trisUtryAloka meM unhoMne aura bhI vizeSarUpa se anekAnta vastu kI siddhi kI hogI, parantu kheda kI bAta hai ki 'trisUtryAloka' grantha Aja hama logoM ko upalabdha nahIM hai| [ dravyArthika naya ke abhiprAya kA spaSTIkaraNa ] "dvau mala"ityAdi- pUrvoktarIti se vastu meM anantadharmAtmakatva siddha hIne ke bAda, anekAntAtmaka vastu ke dravya aura paryAya ina donoM aMzoM meM se kisI eka aMza kA pradhAnatayA grAhaka abhiprAyavizeSa hI naya hai, yaha siddha ho jAtA hai| usa naya ke mUla bheda do haiM-dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika / aise to nagama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha aura evaMbhUta isa rIti se sAta naya zAstrakAroM ne dikhAye haiM, tathApi una sAtoM bhedoM ke saMgrAhaka dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ina donoM bhedoM kA 'mUlabheda' pada se granthakAra ne paricaya diyA hai| ina donoM bhedoM meM se "dravyArthika naya" usa ko kahate haiM, jo

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nayarahasye paryAyArthikanayaH "paryAyamAtragrAhI paryAyArthikaH" ayaM hyutpAda-vinAzaparyAyamAtrAbhyupagamapravaNaH, dravyaM tu sajAtIyakSaNaparamparAtirikta na manyate, tata eva pratyabhijJAdyutpatteH / naya dravyamAtra ko grahaNa karatA hai / yaha naya dravya ko hI tAttvika mAnatA hai, utpAdavyaya-dhrauvyasvarUpa vastumAtra syAdvAdasiddhAnta meM svIkRta hai| ina meM utpAda aura vinAza ye do paryAyarUpa haiM, ina donoM ko dravyArthika naya vAstavika nahIM mAnatA hai aura dhrauvya ko vAstavika mAnatA hai / dhrauvya kA hI sthairya athavA dravya pada se vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| yaha naya dravya ko hI kevala vAstavika rUpa se svIkAra karatA hai isIlie "mAtra" pada kA prayoga lakSaNa meM granthakAra ne kiyA hai| mAtra pada se utpAda-vinAza rUpa paryAyoM kA vyavaccheda hotA hai / isa naya kI dRSTi se ghaTAdi paryAya mRta dravya meM rahate hI haiM / kumbhakArAdi vyApAra se usa kA AvirbhAva hotA hai usI ko isa naya ke mata se utpAda kahA jAtA hai / 'apUrvabhavana rUpa utpAda ko yaha naya nahIM mAnatA hai| isI taraha mudgaranipAta Adi vinAzaka vyApAra se ghaTAdi paryAyoM kA mRdAtmaka dravya meM jo tirobhAva ho jAtA hai, usI ko yaha naya vinAza mAnatA hai| ata: isa naya ke mata se utpAdavinAza jo ghaTa zarAvAdi paryAyoM ke hote haiM, ve vAstavika nahIM haiM kintu mRdAdi dravya hI vAstavika hai / yaha dravyArthika naya kA abhiprAya hai| [ paryAyAthika naya ke abhiprAya kA spaSTIkaraNa ] "paryAyamAtra" ityAdi "naya" ke mUla do bhedoM meM se dUsarA bheda "paryAyArthika naya" hai / jo naya paryAyamAtra kA grahaNa karAve, usa ko paryAyArthika naya kahate haiN| anekAntAtmaka vastu meM eka aMza paryAya bhI hai, kevala paryAya ko yaha naya svIkAra karatA hai, paryAya pada se utpAda, vinAza ina donoM kA grahaNa hotA hai| paryAyArthika naya kI dRSTi se paryAya hI vAstavika hai, vastugata dhrauvyAMza kA svIkAra yaha naya nahIM karatA / sajAtIya anya anya paryAya pratikSaNa hote rahate haiM, yaha isakA mantavya hai| jaise- ghaTa pratikSaNa nayA nayA utpanna hotA rahatA hai, aura pratikSaNa usakA vinAza bhI hotA rahatA hai, vaha ghaTakSaNaparamparA sajAtIya hai, usa meM atyanta sAdRzya hai, isalie pratikSaNabhAvi ina ghaToM meM paraspara bheda hone para bhI pratIta nahIM hotA hai| ataH vaha kSaNaparamparA dhruva jaisI pratIta hotI hai vahI dhrauvyAMza hai athavA dravya hai aura vaha vAstavika nahIM hai, kyoMki kSaNaparamparA se atirikta paryAyoM meM anugata eka dravya ko yaha naya nahIM mAnatA hai / yahA~ yaha AzaMkA ho sakatI hai ki-"sa evAyaM ghaTaH-yaha vahI ghaTa hai"-yaha pratya bhijJA jo sthira dravya ko siddha karatI hai vaha paryAyArthika naya ke mata se kaise banegI ? isakA samAdhAna "tata eva" isa pada se granthakAra dete haiN| isa samAdhAna kA Azaya yaha hai ki sajAtIya kSagaparamparA hI isa pratyabhijJA kA viSaya hai, atirikta dravya nahIM, ghaTakSaNaparamparAmAtra se "sa evArtha ghaTaH" yaha pratyabhijJA utpanna hotI hai| 'bandha-mokSa vyavasthA kaise hogI? yadi sthiradravya na mAnA jAya-yaha eka AzaMkA paryAyArthika naya ke mata meM khar3I hotI hai, kAraNa isa ke mata meM AtmA bhI sthira dravya nahIM hai kintu AtmakSaNa paramparA hI bhedapratIti na hone ke kAraNa sthirarUpa se "sa evAyaM caitraH"

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36 upA. yazovijaya racita na caivamitarAMzapratikSepitvAd durnayatvam , tatpratikSepasya prAdhAnyamAtra evopayogAt etadviSayavistAstu nAtrAbhidhIyate granthAntaraprasaGgAt / ityAdi pratIti meM bhAsatI hai| taba to kSaNika AtmaparyAyoM meM jisa ko baMdha hogA vaha paryAya zIghravinAzI hone ke kAraNa kAlAntarabhAvi mokSasamaya taka rahegA hI nahIM; jo mokSasamayabhAvi AtmaparyAya hogA usa meM mokSAnukala sAdhana kA abhAva hI rhegaa| kyoMki siddhAnta yaha hai ki prAyaH aneka janmArjita sAdhanoM se mokSagati prApta hotI hai| yaha naya kisI bhI AtmakSaNa ko aneka janmavyApikAla taka sthira to mAnatA hI nahIM hai| taba yaha baddha hai-yaha mukta hai' yaha vyavasthA kaise banegI?' -isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna sUcita karane ke lie "pratyabhijJAdyapapatteH" isa paMkti meM "Adi" pada kA prayoga kiyA hai|" "Adi" pada se yaha sUcita hotA hai ki jaise-sajAtIya kSaNaparamparA ko viSaya kara ke "sa evAyaM ghaTaH" ityAdi pratyabhijJA banatI hai, usI taraha AtmakSaNa paramparArUpa dravya meM baMdha aura mokSa donoM kA svIkAra kareMge / isalie jisa kSaNa paramparA meM baMdha koI kAla meM rahegA, usI AtmakSaNa paramparA meM kisI kAla meM mokSa bhI ho skegaa| atirikta sthira dravya kA svIkAra na karane para bhA baMdha-mokSa vyavasthA ko yaha naya uktarIti se hI siddha karatA hai| [ 'mAtra' pada ke prayoga se durnayatva kI Apatti-zaMkA ] "na caivami"tyAdi-yahA~ para yaha AzaMkA uThatI hai ki-"dravyamAtra kA grAhI naya dravyArthika naya hai, aisA dravyArthika naya kA lakSaNa Apane batAyA hai| usa lakSaNa ''mAtra' pada kA praveza hai, isa se "dravyetarA'grAhitve sati dravyagrAhitvaM dravyAthika nayatvam" aisA lakSaNa siddha hotA hai usakA artha yaha huA ki jo dravya se itara paryAya kA grahaNa na karAve vaha "dravyArthi kanaya" hai| yahA~ "dravyetarA'grAhitva" itanA aMza 'mAtra' pada se hI nikalA hai / yaha naya dravya se itara jo paryAya utpAda-vinAzarUpa hai, usako tAttvika mAnatA nahIM hai| taba to dravyetara aMza kA pratikSepa isa naya se hotA hai isalie yaha durnaya ho jAyegA kyoMki naya kA lakSaNa isa meM ghaTegA nahIM, kyoMki naya ke lakSaNa meM taditarAMzA'pratikSepitva vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai| yaha to "ghaTo anitya eva" ityAdi tArkikoM kA jo abhyupagama hai vaisA hI siddha hotA hai / 'ghaTa anitya hI hai' aisA mAnakara tArkika loga ghaTa meM anityatva se itara nityatva kA pratikSepa karate haiM isalie tArkikoM kA abhyupagama jaise durnaya hai, vaise yaha bhI durnaya bana jAyagA, yaha Apatti 'mAtra' pada ke praveza se hotI hai| aise hI 'paryAyamAtragrAhI paryAyArthikaH' isa lakSaNa meM bhI 'mAtra' pada kA praveza hone se 'paryAyetarA'grAhitve sati paryAyagrAhitvam'aisA lakSaNa paryAyArthika naya kA siddha hotA hai / isa lakSaNa meM bhI paryAyetarA'grAhitva itanA aMza 'mAtra' pada se prApta hotA hai. usa lakSaNa kA yaha artha nikalatA hai ki paryAya se itara jo dravyAMza usakA jo agrAhI arthAt pratikSepaka ho aura paryAyAMza kA bodhaka ho vaha naya paryAyAthika naya hai| yaha naya-sajAtIya kSaNa paramparA se atirikta sthira dravya ko nahIM mAnatA hai isalie dhrauvyAMza kA pratikSepa isa naya se hotA hai, isa hetu se isa naya meM bhI naya kA lakSaNa nahIM jAtA hai / ataH isameM bhI durnayatva kI Apatti AtI hai|"

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nayarahasye durnayatvavimarzaH 37 * Adyasya catvAro bhedAH, "naigamaH, saGgraho, vyavahAraH, RjusUtrazceti" jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNaprabhRtayaH / RjusUtro yadi dravyaM nAbhyupeyAttadA 'ujjusuassa ege aNuvat egaM davvAvassayaM puhuttaM Necchai' ti [anu0 dvAra - sU0 14 ] sUtraM virudhyeta // [' prAdhAnya' sUcaka hone se, mAtra pada durnayatva kI Apatti nahIM - uttara ] isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna "tatpratikSepasyetyAdi grantha se diyA jAtA hai ki ghaTa anitya hI hai, aisA tArkikoM kA jo mantavya hai, usameM nityatva kA gauNarUpa se svIkAra nahIM hai, kintu pratikSepa hI hai / isalie tArkikoM kA abhyupagama bhale hI durnaya ho parantu syAdvAdI kA abhyupagama durnaya nahIM hai kyoMki dravyArthika naya ke lakSaNa meM 'mAtra ' pada se jo paryAyAMza kA pratikSepa ApAtataH pratIta hotA hai vaha vastutaH paryAyoM kA pratiSedha nahIM hai, kintu dravyArthika naya dvArA dravya kA mukhyarUpa se abhyupagama darzAne meM hI ' mAtra' pada kA tAtparya hai / paryAyoM kA pradhAnarUpa se vaha svIkAra nahIM karatA hai / isa se yaha siddha nahIM hotA hai ki paryAya ko mAnatA hI nahIM hai, kintu siddha yaha hotA hai ki gauNarUpa se paryAya kA bhI svIkAra karatA hai / isalie naya kA lakSaNa saMgata hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM hotI hai / ata eva durnayatva kI Apatti bhI nahIM hai / yahI sthiti paryAyArthika naya kI bhI hai, usa meM bhI 'mAtra' pada se dravyAMza kA pratikSepa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, kintu paryAyAMza meM prAdhAnya ko vaha naya mAnatA hai aura dravya ko bhI gauNarUpa se mAnatA hI hai / lakSaNa meM praviSTa 'mAtra' pada kA dravyapratikSepa meM tAtparya nahIM hai, kintu . paryAyAMza ke prAdhAnya meM tAtparya hai / isalie naya kA lakSaNa bhI saMgata ho jAtA hai / isa kAraNa se mAtra pada ke praveza hone para bhI dravyArthika yA paryAyArthika naya meM durnayatva kI Apatti nahIM AtI hai / " etadviSaya: " = isa viSaya kA vicAra vistRta rUpa se granthAntara meM kiyA gayA hai / isa grantha meM bhI yadi isa viSaya kA vistRta vicAra kara diyA jAya to, yaha eka dUsarA hI grantha bana jAyagA, so na ho isalie yahA~ vistRta vicAra kA samAveza nahIM kiyA gayA hai / yaha grantha to "nayarahasya" grantha hai / isa meM nayoM ke rahasyArtho kA varNana mAtra hI abhipreta hai-ati vistAra nahIM / [ RjusUtra ke sAtha dravyArthika ke cAra bheda - jinabhadragaNI Adi ] "" "Adyasye" tyAdi - " dravyArthikanaya " ke naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra aura RjusUtra ye cAra bheda mAne gaye haiM - yaha mata jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa Adi prAcIna AcArya kA hai / RjusUtra kA dravyArthika naya meM antarbhAva yadi nahIM kiyA jAya to " ujjusuassa0 ityAdi sUtra kA virodha AtA hai / isa sUtra kA pATha "anuyoga dvAra" grantha meM "ujjusuassa ego aNuvautto Agamato egaM davAvassayaM puhutta NecchA" aisA diyA gayA hai| RjusUtra varttamAnakAla bhAvi vastu ko hI svIkAra karatA hai, atIta vastu ko nahIM mAnatA * RjusUtrasya eko'nupayukta eka dravyAvazyakaM, pRthakvaM necchati / [ draSTavya-anuyogadvAra sUtra 14]

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upA. yazovijayaracita " RjusUtra varjAstriya eva dravyArthika bhedA" iti tu vAdinaH siddhasenasya matam, atItAnAgataparakIya bhedapRthaktva parityAgA hajusUtreNa svakAryasAdhakatvena svakIyavarttamAnavastuna evopagamAt nA'sya tulyAMza - dhruvAMzalakSaNadravyAbhyupagamaH / ata eva nAsyAsadghaTitabhUtabhA viparyAyakAraNatvarUpadravyatvAbhyupagamo'pi / uktasUtraM tvanupayogAMzamAdAya varttamAnAvazyakaparyAye dravyapadopacArAtsamAdheyam / paryAyArthikena mukhyadravyapadArthasyaiva pratikSepAdadhruvadharmAdhArAMzadravyamapi nAsya viSayaH, zabdanayeSvatiprasaGgAdityetatpariSkAraH / 38 haiM, anAgata vastu bhI nahIM mAnatA hai / kyoMki atIta vastu to vinaSTa ho gaI hai aura anAgata to utpanna hI nahIM huI hai / varttamAnakAlavarttI vastu bhI jo svakIya hai, usI ko RjusUtra mAnatA hai kyoMki usI se usakA kArya siddha hotA hai / varttamAnakAlavarttI parakIya vastu ko nahIM mAnatA hai, kyoMki usase usakA kArya nahIM siddha hotA hai / jaise - parakIya dhana ko koI (apanA) dhana nahIM samajhatA hai kyoMki parakIya dhana se usa vyakti kA kArya to nahIM siddha hotA hai, svakIya dhana se hI svakArya siddha hotA hai / isalie svakIya dhana ko sabhI loga apanA dhana mAnate haiM / isI taraha RjusUtra vartta - mAnakAlavarttI hone para bhI jo svakIya vastu hai usI ko mAnatA / isa hetu se upayoga rahita eka devadattAdi isake mata meM 'AgamataH eka dravya Avazyaka' hai / vastu meM atIta anAgata bheda se aura parakIya bheda se pRthaktva RjusUtra nahIM mAnatA hai arthAtvastu kA bheda nahIM mAnatA hai, kintu vastu ko eka hI mAnatA hai, aisA artha maladhArivRtti meM isa sUtra kA diyA gayA hai / isalie isa sUtra se dravyAvazyaka RjusUtra ko mAnya hai, taba yadi RjusUtra kraya ko nahIM mAnatA hai, aisA kaheM to uktasUtra kA virodha spaSTarUpa se ho jAtA hai / ataH RjusUtra kA dravyArthika naya meM hI antarbhAva karanA cAhie aisA jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa Adi kA mata hai / [ RjusUtra dravyArthikanaya kA bheda nahIM hai- vAdisiddhasenamata ] RjusUtra varjAstraya " - ityAdi - "vAdI divAkara siddhasena" dravyArthika ke tIna hI bheda mAnate haiM- naigama, saMgraha aura vyavahAra / RjusUtra kA samAveza dravyArthika meM ve nahIM karate haiM / taba yaha zaMkA uThatI hai ki - "RjusUtra " kA dravyArthika meM samAveza na kiyA Aya to, pUrvokta " ujjusuassa0 " ityAdi sUtra kA virodha vAdi divAkara ke mata meM hogA, kyoMki ukta sUtra- 'eka dravyAvazyaka kA svIkAra RjusUtra karatA hai - aisA batA rahA hai / '- isa AzaMkA ke samAdhAna ke lie "upAdhyAyajI' vAdI divAkara ke mata kA vizleSaNa "atItAnAgata" ityAdi vAkya se karate haiM jisakA tAtparya yaha hai ki atIta anAgata evaM parakIya bheda svarUpa pRthaktva kA hI RjusUtra tyAga karatA hai / RjusUtra ke mata meM vartamAna kSaNamAtra meM rahanevAlI vastu kA hI svIkAra hai, kyoMki usI se svakIya kArya kI siddhi hotI hai / atIta, anAgata usake mata meM hai hI nahIM / dUsare ke pAsa 66

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nayarahasye nayavibhAgaH rahI huI vastu bhI sada vastu nahIM hai, aisA RjusUtra kA mantavya hai| isalie tulyAMza aura dhruvAMza lakSaNa dravya ko vaha nahIM mAnatA arthAt tiryak sAmAnya aura UrdhyatA sAmAnya ko RjusUtra nahIM mAnatA hai, isalie dravyAthika meM RjusUtra kA samAveza nahIM hotA hai| yadi RjusUtra tiryaka sAmAnya aura UrdhvatA sAmAnya ko mAnatA hotA, taba to usakA dravyArthika meM samAveza sambhava hotA, vaha to nahIM mAnatA hai| ataH RjusUtra kA dravyArthika meM samAveza nahIM ho sakatA hai| ukta sUtra meM "pRthaktvaM necchati" isa aMza kA sAmAnyarUpa se bhedamAtra niSedha meM tAtparya nahIM haiM, yadi aisA tAtparya hotA to virodha AtA, kyoMki paryAyArthika bheda mAnatA hai, RjusUtra yadi bheda sAmAnya ko hI nahIM mAne to RjasUtra meM paryAyArthikatva bhI siddha na hone se pUrvokta sUtra kA virodha upasthita ho sake, parantu RjusUtra to atItabheda, anAgatabheda, parakIya bhedarUpa jo pRthaktva usIko kevala nahIM mAnatA hai / isIlie ukta sUtra kA virodha vAdIdivAkara ke mata meM nahIM hotA hai| [anupayoga aMza ko lekara dravyapada kA aupacArika kathana] ___ ata eva ityAdi-RjusUtra tulyAMza-dhruvAMza lakSaNa dravya ko nahIM mAnatA hai, isI hetu se "bhUtaparyAyakAraNatvarUpa dravyatva" tathA bhAviparyAya kAraNatvarUpa dravyatva ko bhI nahIM mAnatA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki RjusUtra vartamAnavastu ko hI svIkAratA hai / bhUta aura bhaviSyat vastu to vartamAnakAla meM asat rahatI hai, isalie "bhUtaparyAya kAraNatvarUpa" aura "bhaviSyatparyAyakAraNatvarUpa dravyatva" asatghaTita ho jAtA hai, asatghaTita hone ke kAraNa RjusUtra ke svIkAra kA viSaya usa taraha kA dravyatva nahIM hotA hai| uktasUtra meM RjasUtra kA, jo dravyAvazyaka svIkAra kI bAta kahakara dratyArthika meM antarbhAva kiyA hai, vaha vartamAnAvazyaka paryAya meM anupayoga rUpa aMza ko lekara dravyapada kA upacAra kara ke kiyA hai / vAstavika dravyatva to RjusUtra meM nahIM hai, aupacArika dravyatva svIkAra karane para bhI paryAyArthikatva kI hAni RjusUtra meM nahIM hotI hai / kAraNa paryAyAthika mukhya dravyapadArtha kA hI niSedha karatA hai, Aropita dravyatva hone para bhI paryAyAthika ko koI bAdhA nahIM hai| 'anupayogAMzamAdAya....' yaha vAkya jo upAdhyAyajI ne diyA hai, usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki RjusUtra vartamAnavastu mAtra kA grAhaka hai| isa lie vartamAnAvazyaka paryAya ko hI mAnatA hai| vartamAna Avazyaka paryAya meM jaba kartA kA upayoga [dattacittatA] nahIM hai taba bhAvavimukta hone se usa Avazyaka paryAya meM dravyapada kA upacAra sUtra meM huA hai, anupayoga aMza ko liye binA dravya pada kA upacAra nahIM ho sakatA hai| RjusUtra adhrava dharmoM ke AdhArabhUta aMza svarUpa dravya bhI nahIM mAnatA hai / ataH dravya kA yaha lakSaNa bhI RjusUtra meM nahIM jAtA hai, isalie bhI RjusUtra meM dravyArthikatva hone kI sambhAvanA nahIM rahatI hai| yadi adhruvadharmAdhArAMzadravya RjusUtra kA viSaya hai aisA mAnakara RjusUtra ko dravyArthika batAne kA prayAsa kiyA jAya to zabdanayoM meM bhI dravyArthikatva kA atiprasaMga hogA kyoMki sAmprata, samabhirUDha aura evambhRta, zabdanaya ke ye tInoM bheda RjusUtra ke viSaya meM hI arthAt svakIyavatamAna vastu

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upA. yazovijaya racita ___ paryAyArthikasya trayo bhedAH-"zabdaH, samabhirUDhaH, evambhUtazceti' smprdaayH| "RjusUtrAdyAzcatvAra" iti tu vAdI siddhasenaH / tadevaM saptottarabhedAH / / ___zabdapadenaiva sAmpratasamabhirUDhaivambhUtAtmakanayabhedatayopasaGgrahAtpaJcetyAdezAntaram / te ca pradeza-prasthaka-vasatidRSTAntairyathAkrAmaM vizuddhibhAjaH / tathAhi-naigamanayastAvaddharmA'dharmAkAzajIvaskandhAnAM taddezasya ceti SaNNAM pradezamAha / meM hI pravRtta hote haiM jaise ki vartamAna vastu meM sUkSma paryAyavizuddhi kI apekSA se sAmpratanaya pravRtta hotA hai, vartamAnavastu meM hI sUkSmatara paryAyavizuddhi kI apekSA se sAbhirUDha pravRtta hotA hai, tathA vartamAnavastu meM hI sUkSmatama paryAya vizuddhi kI apekSA se evambhUta pravRtta hotA hai / taba RjusUtra ke viSaya meM pravRtta honevAle ina tInoM zabdanayoM meM bhI dravyArthikandha avazya A jaaygaa| isa hetu se RjusUtra meM dravyArthikatva kA abhyupagama karanA yogya nahIM hai, aisA zrI siddhasena divAkarajI kA Azaya hai|| "paryAyArthikasyeti'ti-paryAyArthika ke tIna bheda haiM-zabda, samabhirUDha aura evambhRta / yaha sampradAya kA mata hai, arthAt paramparA kA mata hai / yaha mata jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNaAdi AcAryoM kA hai| vAdI siddhasena to paryAyAthika ke cAra bheda mAnate haiM-RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta / isa taraha dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ina donoM nayoM ke avAntara bhedoM kA saMkalana karane para naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjasUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ye sAta prakAra naya ke siddha hote haiM / "zala padenaiveti-kisI AcArya ke mata se naya ke pA~ca hI bheda haiM-nagama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjasUtra aura zaniya / isa mata meM sAmprata, samabhirUDha aura evambhata huna nayoM ke liye sAdhAraNa 'zabdanaya' zabda ke prayoga se usameM unakA antarbhAva mAna liyA jAtA hai, isalie nayoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca hI siddha hotI hai / "te ce0" ti-ve pUkti sAta prakAra ke nayoM meM pUrva pUrva nayoM kI apekSA uttarotara naya "pradeza-prasthaka aura vasati" ina dRSTAntoM ke dvArA vizuddhiyukta mAne gaye haiN| arthAt-nagama kI apekSA se saMgraha vizuddha hai, saMgraha kI apekSA se vyavahAra vizuddha hai| vyavahAra kI apekSA se RjusUtra vizuddha hai, RjusUtra kI apekSA se zabdanaya vizuddha hai aura zabdanaya kI apekSA se samabhirUDha vizuddha hai, samabhirUDha kI apekSA se eSambhUtanaya vizuddha hai, isa taraha kramika vizuddhi uttarottara nayoM meM hai| vastu ke sthUla svarUpa ko na pakaDa kara usake uttarottara sUkSma svarUpa para dhyAna khicanA-yaha vizuddhi zabda kA abhiprAya hai| * skandha zabdakA pAribhASika artha hai koI bhI akhaMDa dravya yA usakA koI eka khaMDa / usake eka upakhaDa ko hI deza kahA jAtA hai aura usI ke carama avibhAjya aMza ko pradeza kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ skandha zabda mahAkAya pudgaladravya ke liye prayukta hai|

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nayarahasye pradezadRSTAntaH dezapradezau nAtiricyate "dAsena me0" (kharaH krIto, dAso mama kharo'pi me // )" ityAdinyAyAd dezasya svIyatvena tatpradezasyApi svIyatvA'vyabhicArAt "paJcAnAmeva pradezaH" iti saGgrahaH // vyavahArastvAha-paJcAnAM pradezastadA syAdyadi sAdhAraNaH syAt, yathA paJcAnAM goSThikAnAM hiraNya miti / prakRte tu pratyekavRttiH pradeza iti 'paJcavidhaH pradezaH' [pradeza dRSTAnta se naigamanaya kA nirUpaNa] "tathAhiH" iti-"pradeza" dRSTAnta se nayoM meM vizuddhi kA pradarzana "tathAhi" ityAdi grantha se karate haiN| ina nayoM meM prathama "naigamanaya' dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAza, jIva, skandha aura ina pA~coM kA deza-isa prakAra cha vastuoM ke pradeza ko mAnatA hai| yahA~ pudgala zabda choDa kara skandha zabda ke prayoga kA kAraNa yaha hai ki " skandha" pada se "skandhAtmaka" pudagala dravya hI vivakSita hai, paramANu svarUpa pudagala dravya nahIM, kyoMki paramANurUpa pudgala to svayaM pradezarUpa hai usakA na to deza hai na pradeza hai| aise hI kAla dravya kA bhI deza athavA pradeza nahIM hotA hai kyoMki vaha svayaM vizuddha samayarUpa hai, isaliye usakA grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie / [pradeza dRSTAnta se saMgrahanaya kA nirUpaNa] "dezapradezau0" iti-saMgrahanaya kA mata yaha hai ki yadi dharmAdi kA apane deza meM svIyatva-svasambandhitva vidyamAna hai to dharmAdi deza ke pradeza meM bhI svIyatva avazya A jAtA hai / jaise-koI vyakti kA dAsa arthAt-bhRtya yadi 'khara' yAne gardabha ko bikata leve to vaha vyakti apane dAsa se gRhIta usa gardabha ko bhI apanA dAsa hI samajhatA hai, kyoMki apane dAsa meM usa vyakti ko svIyatva buddhi hai / isalie dAsa sambandhI gardabha meM bhI sthIyatva buddhi usako hotI hI hai / isa nyAya se dharmAdi deza meM jaba svIyatva rahatA hai, taba dharmAdi deza sambandhI pradeza meM bhI svIyatva kA rahanA anivArya hai| ataH dharma, adharma, AkAza, jIva, skandha ina pA~ca kA hI pradeza saMgrahanaya mAnatA hai| dharmAdi ke dezoM kA pradeza jaise-naigamanaya mAnatA hai, vaise-saMgrahanaya nahIM mAnatA hai, yahI naigamanaya kI apekSA se saMgrahanaya kI pradeza dRSTAnta se zuddhiyuktatA hai| [pradeza dRSTAnta se vyavahAranaya kA nirUpaNa] "vyavahAra0" ityAdi-saMgrahanaya ke samAna vyavahAranaya-'dharmAdharmAdi pA~coM kA pradeza hai'-esA nahIM mAnatA hai / isa kA Azaya yaha hai ki jo eka vastu aneka vastuoM kA sambandhi ho usI meM anekavastusambandhitA kA vyavahAra mAnya hotA hai| jase eka goSThi meM rahanevAle pA~ca vyaktioM kA svAmitva jisa bahumUlyaka suvarNakhaNDa meM ho, usa suvarNa khaNDa ke lie aisA vyavahAra hotA hai ki 'pAMcoM vyaktioM kA yaha suvarNa vaNDa hai' kyoMki

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upA. yazovijaya racita iti bhaNitavyam / nanvevaM 'ghaTapaTayo rUpami'tyapi na syAt, dvitvAzrayavRttitvavodhe 'tayordhaTarUpami'tyasyApyApatteH, dvivRttitvabodhe ca prakRtaprayogasyApyanApatteriti cet ? na syAdeva, etAdRzasthale samuditavRttitvabodha eva vyavahArasAmarthyAt, saGgrahAzrayaNAttu sAmAnyata eva sAkAMkSatvAt syAdapi // vaha suvarNakhaNDa pAMcoM vyaktiyoM se sambandhita hai| usI taraha dharma, adharma, AkAza, jIva aura skandha (pudgala) ina pAMcoM se sambandhita koI eka pradeza hotA taba vaha sarvasAdhAraNa pradeza kahA jAtA aura taba 'pAMcoM kA yaha pradeza hai' aisA vyavahAra ho sakatA thA, parantu pAMcoM se sambandhita koI eka sAdhAraNa pradeza to hai nahIM, kintu jo dharma kA pradeza hai usa se bhinna hI adharma kA pradeza hai, jo adharma kA pradeza hai usa se bhinna hI AkAza kA pradeza hai / usI taraha jIva kA pradeza aura skandha (pudagala) kA pradeza bhinna bhinna hai| isa hetu se koI bhI pradeza sAdhAraNa na hone ke kAraNa 'pA~coM kA yaha pradeza hai' aisA vyavahAra sambhava nahIM hai| taba to 'yaha dharma kA pradeza hai, yaha adharma kA pradeza hai, yaha AkAza kA pradeza hai, yaha jIva kA pradeza hai,' aisA hI vyavahAra karanA hogaa| ataH 'pradeza pA~ca prakAra kA hai' esA hI vyavahAra naya mAnatA hai / ['ghaTapaTayo rUpam' isa prayoga ke na hone kI Apatti kI zaMkA] "nanvemi'tyAdi-yahA~ yaha AzaMkA hotI hai ki-"ghaTa aura paTa ina donoM meM rUpa hai' aisA vyavahAra hotA hai / vaha vyavahAra vyavahAranaya ke mata meM nahIM hogA, kAraNa, jo rUpa ghaTa meM hai vaha paTa meM nahIM hai, aura jo rUpa paTa meM hai vaha ghaTa meM nahIM hai| isIlie kisI eka rUpa meM ghaTa-paTa ubhaya kI sambandhitA nahIM hai| yadi donoM kA eka sAdhAraNa rUpa hotA, taba to ubhayasambandhitA hotI, taba ukta vyavahAra bhI ho sakatA, vaha to hai nhiiN| isalie 'ghaTa-paTa ina donoM meM rUpa hai' aisA vyavahAra nahIM hogA / isa AzaMkA ke samAdhAna meM yadi aisA kahA jAya ki-"ghaTa-paTa ina donoM meM rahA huA jo dvitva, tadAzraya nirUpita vRttitA hI rUpa meM isa pratIti kA viSaya hai aura vaha rUpa meM abAdhita hai, kyoMki dvitva kA Azraya ghaTa hai, tannirUpitavRttitA ghaTIya rUpa meM hai vaise hI dvitva ke Azraya paTa ke rUpa meM bhI hai, taba to 'ghaTa-paTa ina donoM meM rUpa hai' aisA vyavahAra karane meM koI bAdha nahIM hai |"-to yaha samAdhAna bhI samIcIna nahIM lagatA hai kyoMki taba to 'ghaTa-paTa donoM meM ghaTarUpa hai' aisA bhI vyavahAra prAmANika bana jAyagA kyoMki ghaTa-paTa gata dvitva kA Azraya ghaTa bhI hai, paTa bhI hai, usa meM paTanirUpitavRttitA ghaTa rUpa meM yadyapi nahIM hai tathApi dvitvAzraya jo ghaTa, tannirUpitavRttitA to ghaTa rUpa meM hai, isalie ghaTa aura paTa, ina donoM meM ghaTarUpa hai, isa vyavahAra meM yA pratIti meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai / isa Apatti ko dUra karane ke lie yadi "ghaTa aura paTa ina donoM meM rUpa hai" isa vAkya kA aisA artha kareMge ki-ghaTa-paTa ubhaya nirUpitavRttitAzraya rUpa hai, taba to pUrvokta pratIti meM yadyapi prAmANikatA kI Apatti nahIM hogI, kyoMki ghaTarUpa meM ghaTa-paTa ubhaya nirUpitavRttitA bAdhita hai / tathApi aisA artha karanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki taba

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naya rahasye pradezadRSTAntaH RjusUtrastu brUte - 'paJcavidhaH pradeza:' ityukte pratisvaM paJcavidhatvAnvayAt paJcaviMzatividhatvaprasaGgaH / na ca sAmAnyatastadanvayAnna bAdha iti vAcyam, vizeSavinirmokeNa tadasiddheH / kiM ca kimatra paJcavidhatvam ? 'paJcaprakAratvamiti cet ? kaH prakAraH ? saMkhyA vA, buddhivizeSaviSayatvaM vA, bhedo vA ? nAdyaH, ananteSu pradezeSu paJcasaMkhyAvadhAraNA'siddheH / na dvitIyaH paJcaprakArakabuddhiviSayatvasya pratyekamabhAvinaH paJcasvapyabhAvAt / na ca ' geheSu zatamazvA' itivatpratyekaM pratyekaM dharmaprakAraka buddhiviSayatvaM tatsAmAnyavizrAme'nanvayAt, vizeSavizrAme ca bhajanAnAmAntaratvAt / na tRtIyaH, atiriktabhedA'nirukteH / tato bhAjyaH pradezaH 'syAddhamastikAyasya syAdadharmAstikAyasyetyAdi // 43 'ghaTa aura paTa ina donoM meM rUpa hai' yaha prakRtaprayoga bhI nahIM hogA kyoMki kisI bhI eka rUpa meM arthAt ghaTIyarUpa meM athavA paTIyarUpa meM ubhayanirUpitavRttitA nahIM hai / taba 'pradeza pA~ca prakAra kA hai' yaha mAnyatA vyavahAranaya ke anusAra jo hai vaha asaMgata sI lagatI hai / " [ ukta prayoga na hone meM iSTApatti - uttara isa sampUrNa AzaMkA ke samAdhAna meM upAdhyAyajI kahate haiM ki 'ghaTa aura paTa ina donoM meM rUpa hai' yaha prayoga yadi vyavahAranaya ke anusAra nahIM ho sakatA hai to yaha Apatti nahIM kintu iSTApatti hI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki aise sthaloM meM rUpAtmaka eka vyakti meM ghaTa aura paTa jaise samudita arthAt ubhayAtmaka padArtha nirUpitavRttitva kA hI bodha utpanna karane meM vyavahAra naya samartha hotA hai aura eka rUpavyakti meM ubhayanirUpita vRttitA kA sambhava nahIM hai isalie aise prayogoM kA na honA vyavahAranaya ko iSTa hI hai / parantu isa taraha kA prayoga hotA hI nahIM, yaha bAta bhI nahIM hai kyoMki saMgrahanaya ke anusAra rUpa zabda kA artha rUpatvena rUpasAmAnya mAnA jAtA hai / rUpa sAmAnyAntargata kisI eka rUpa meM ghaTanirUpitavRttitA hai to kisI eka rUpa meM paTanirUpitavRttitA bhI hai / ata: isa rIti se rUpasAmAnya meM ghaTapaTaubhayanirUpitavRttitA bhI hai / ataH 'ghaTa aura paTa ina donoM meM rUpa rahatA hai', aisA prayoga saMgrahanaya kA AzrayaNa kara ke ho bhI sakatA hai / " RjusUtra stvi "tyAdi - 'pradeza pA~ca prakAra kA hai' aisA prayoga vyavahAranaya kI mAnyatA ke anusAra hotA hai, parantu yaha prayoga RjusUtra ko mAnya nahIM hai / RjusUtra kA AkSepa yaha hai ki 'pradeza pA~ca prakAra kA hai' aisA kahane para pradeza pacIsa prakAra ke bana jAe~ge / kyoMki dharmAstikAyAdi pratyeka ke pradeza meM paJcavidhatva kA anvaya hogA, jaise ki dharmAstikAya kA pradeza pA~ca prakAra kA hai. adharmAstikAya kA pradeza bhI pA~ca prakAra kA hai - ityAdi.... yAvat skandha kA pradeza bhI pA~ca prakAra kA hai / isa

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upA. yazovijaya racita rIti se pratyeka pradeza ke pA~ca pA~ca prakAra kathita hote haiM, taba pradeza ke pacIsa prakAra anAyAsa siddha hone se pradeza meM paJcaviMzatiprakAratva kA prasaMga A jAtA hai| isa Apatti ke kAraNa 'paJcavidha pradeza hai' yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| yadi yahA~ aisA bacAva kiyA jAya ki-'pradezatvarUpa se sAmAnyataH pradeza meM paJcavidhatva kA anvaya hama kareMge, taba to pradezasAmAnya meM paJcavidhatva kA hI vidhAna hogA, aura paJcaviMzatividhatva kA prataMga bhI nahIM aayegaa|' - to yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki vizeSa se bhinna sAmAnya kI siddhi hI nahIM hai| arthAt dharmAstikAya pradeza, adharmAstikAya pradeza ityAdi bhinna bhinna pradezarUpa vizeSa se atirikta koI pradezasAmAnya nAma kI vastu hI nahIM hai| vyakti se atirikta jAti kA svIkAra jaise tArkikoM ke siddhAnta meM hai, vase syAdvAda meM nahIM hai| isalie pradezatvarUpeNa pradezasAmAnya meM paJcavidhatva kA anvaya karane kI bAta siddhAntaviruddha hone se asaMgata hai aura jaba vizeSa se atirikta sAmAnya asiddha hai taba 'pradezaH paJcavidhaH' isa vAkya meM pradeza zabda se dharmAstikAyAdi pratyeka pradeza kA grahaNa hone para aura usa pratyeka pradeza meM paJcavidhatva kA anvaya karane se paJcaviMzatividhatva kA prasaMga durnivAra hogaa| [paJcavidhatva kA nidoSa nirvacana azakya ] "kiJca" ityAdi grantha se pradeza meM paJcavidhatva kyA hai aisI zaMkA uThAkara 'pA~ca prakAra kA pradeza hai' isa pakSa meM RjusUtra dUsarA bhI doSa detA hai, vaha yaha hai ki paMcavidhatva kA vyutpattivizeSa se vizeSa nirvacana karake pradeza meM usakA anvaya karanA cAhe, to bhI vaha doSamukta nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaise-paMcavidhatva kA paMcaprakAratva yaha artha kiyA jAya to yaha bhI prastuta meM sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki isameM prakAra zabda se kaisA artha grahaNa kiyA jAya isa zaMkA kA udaya hotA hai / "prakAra" zabda ke tIna artha sambhavita haiM-saMkhyA, buddhivizeSaviSayatva aura bheda / parantu prastuta meM ina tInoM artha meM doSa upasthita hote haiM / jaise "prakAra" zabda kA saMkhyA artha lenA yaha prathama pakSa hai, isa pakSa meM 'pA~ca hai prakAra arthAt saMkhyA jisameM' aisA bahuvrIhi samAsa karake paJcaprakAratva kA artha paJcasaMkhyatva nikalatA hai| paMcasaMkhyatva kA anvaya pradeza ke sAtha kareM, to yaha saMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki pradezoM meM paJcatvasaMkhyA kA avadhAraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, jIvAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya aura skandha inameM se catuSTaya kA pradeza asaMkhyAta haiM (arthAt- jisako hama prasiddha saMkhyA se batA nahIM sakate) aura skandha ke pradeza ananta haiN| isalie sAmAnyarUpa se pradeza to ananta hI hai| taba isa ananta pradezoM meM paJcatva saMkhyA kA anvaya kase ho sakatA hai ? dasarA pakSa"buddhivizeSaviSayatva" hai, yaha pakSa bhI saMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki isa pakSa meM 'prakAra' pada se buddhivizeSaviSaya tvarUpa artha kA grahaNa yadi kiyA jAya to paJcaprakAratva zabda kA paJcabuddhivizeSaviSayatva artha hotA hai| isI kA bhAvArtha upAdhyAyajI ne paJcaprakArakabuddhiviSayatva aisA kiyA hai| isa meM 'paJca' zabda kA paJcatvasaMkhyA artha hai, isalie paJcatvaprakAraka buddhi vizeSa aisA artha siddha hogaa| isa taraha ke paJcaprakAratva kA pradeza meM anvaya nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki isa taraha ke paJcaprakAratva kA pradeza meM anvaya

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nayarahasye pradezadRSTAntaH karane para paJcatvaprakArakabuddhi kA AkAra 'paJcatvasaMkhyAvAn pradeza hai' esA hogA kyoMki isa buddhi meM pradeza vizeSya rUpa se bhAsita hotA hai aura paJcatvasaMkhyA prakAra rUpa se bhAsita hotI hai| aba pradeza pA~ca prakAra kA hai isakA artha yaha huA ki 'pradeza paJcatvasaMkhyAvAn hai kyoMki 'vaha paMcatvaprakArakabuddhiviSayatAvAna hai', esA kahane para 'paJca tvasaMkhyAvAn pradeza hai' yahI artha nikalatA hai jo saMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyeka pradezavyakti meM paJcatvasaMkhyA na hone se pazcatvaprakAravRddhiviSayatva kA abhAva siddha hotA hai| taba pA~coM pradezoM meM paJcatvaprakAraka buddhiviSayatvarUpa pazcavidhatva kA anvaya nahIM ho sakatA hai| yadi yahA~ bacAva kiyA jAya ki-"gRhoM meM sau (100) azva haiM' aisA vAkyaprayoga hotA hai / azva to eka ghara meM sabhI nahIM haiM, tathA aneka gRhoM meM eka azva bhI nahIM hai kintu eka gRha meM eka azva hai, dUsare gRha meM dUsarA azva hai, isa taraha anya anya (100) gRhoM meM anya anya (100) azva haiN| isa taraha se zatasaMkhyaka azva kA aneka gRhoM ke sAtha sambandha rahatA hai, isa rIti se 'gRhoM meM 100 azva haiM' yaha vAkyaprayoga jaise hotA hai, usI taraha pratyeka pradeza meM pratyekadharmaprakArakabuddhiviSayatA rahane para pAMcoM pradezoM meM paJcaprakArakavuddhiviSayatva rahegA, taba 'pA~ca prakAra kA pradeza hai' aisA prayoga hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM dikhatI hai / " to yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pratyeka pratyekadharmaprakArakabuddhiviSayatvaM'-yahA~ pratyeka pada se pradeza sAmAnya kA grahaNa kiyA jAya taba "pradeza" pada se ananta pradezoM kI upasthiti hogii| unameM se kisI pA~ca pradezoM meM eka eka karake pratyeka dharmaprakArakabuddhiviSayatva kA anvaya ho jAyagA, to bhI zeSa ananta pradezoM meM pratyeka meM bhI pratyeka dharmaprakArakabuddhiviSayatva kA anvaya nahIM hogaa| yadi pradeza pada se pradezasAmAnya kI vivakSA na kI jAya, kintu pradezavizeSa meM vizrAma mAnA jAya-arthAt jisa jisa pradeza meM yadyaddharmaprakArakabuddhiviSayatva kA sambhava ho, usa usa pradeza meM tattaddharmaprakArakabaddhiviSayatva kA anvaya kiyA jAya to, yaha sambhavita hai parantu aisA karane para nAmAntara se bhajanA hI siddha hotI hai jo RjasUtra ko bhI mAnya hai, arthAt vyavahAranayavAdI kA RjusUtramata meM praveza ho jAtA hai / tAtparya yaha hai ki 'pradezaH paJcavidhaH' isa vAkya meM pradeza zabda se pratyeka pradeza arthAt pradeza vizeSa kA grahaNa karanA aura 'paMcavidhaH' zabda kA jo paMcaprakAratva artha kiyA gayA hai usa kA 'pratyekadharmaprakArakabuddhiviSayatva' aisA vizeSa artha samajhA jAya / yahA~ pratyeka dharma se bhI tattatpradezagata asAdhAraNadharma, dharmAstikAyapradezatva, adharmAstikAyapradezatva, AkAzAstikAyapradezatva Adi pAMcoM kI upasthiti hogI aura usa meM kramazaH dharmAstikAyapradezatvaprakAraka buddhiviSayatva, adharmAstikAyapradezatvaprakArakabuddhi viSayatva Adi kA anvayabodha phalita ho sakatA hai kintu RjusUtra matavAdI kA kahanA hai ki yaha to hamAre mata meM hI vyavahAranayavAdI kA praveza huA kyoMki aisa vyavahAra ko hI "bhajanA" zabda se yahA~ ullikhita kiyA gayA hai / jainazAstra meM "bhajanA" zabda vastu meM apekSAviSayaka pratIti yA apekSAkRta vakalpika vyavahAra aise artha meM rUDha hai| bhajanA kisa prakAra hogI yaha abhI hI dikhA deNge|

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upA. yazovijaya racita zabda nayastu pratijAnIte - ayuktamuktametadRjusUtreNa, bhajanAyA vikalparUpatvenaikataramAdAya vinigantumazakyatvAt dharmAstikAya pradezasyApi adharmAstikAyatvena bhajanIyatvaprasaGgAt / tadevamabhidheyaM dharme dharma iti vA pradezo dharmaH, adharme'dharma iti vA pradezo'dharmaH, AkAza AkAza iti vA pradeza AkAzaH, jIve jIva iti vA pradezo nojIvaH, skandhe skandha iti vA pradezo noskandha iti / atra dharmAdharmAstikAyAderakyAttatpradezasya dharmAstikAyAdirUpatA'natiprasakteti tathoktiH / jIvaskandhayostu pratisvamanantatvAt kathamadhikRta pradezasya sakalasantAnAtmakatvasambhava iti vivakSitapradeze sakalasantAnaikadezavivakSitasantAnAtmakatvapratipAdanAya nojIvatva - noskandhatvoktiriti dhyeyam 46 "prakAra" zabda kA bheda artha tRtIyapakSa meM he| ne se 'paJcaprakAratva' zabda kA paMcabhedatya artha hotA hai kintu yaha pakSa bhI yukta nahIM hai kyoMki tattat pradezoM se atirikta tattat pradezagata bheda kA nirvAcana sambhava hone se 'paMcavidhaH pradeza:' isakA artha 'paMcabhedavAn pradezaH ' karanA yukta nahIM hai / isalie pradeza ko ( bhAjya ) bhajanA kA viSaya mAnanA hI ucita hai|gaa aura yahI "RjusUtra" ko abhimata hai / bhajanA ko dikhAne ke lie " syAt " zabda janamata meM suprasiddha hai / isalie syAt zabda se pradeza kI bhajanA isa prakAra hogI jaise- " pradezaH syAt dharmAstikAyastha, pradezaH syAt adharmAstikAyasya " ityAdi vAkyaprayoga saMskRta meM hogA / ' syAt ' yaha avyaya sApekSa vaikalpika artha ko dhotita karatA hai, isalie pradeza meM dharmAstikAya sambandhitva, adharmAstikAya sambandhitva vagairaha kA jJAna hone para bhI vaha jJAna avadhAraNarUpa nahIM hogA / isI taraha se pradeza meM AkAzAstikAya sambandhitva, jIvAstikAyasambandhitva, skandhasambandhitva kA bhI jJAna avadhAraNAtmaka hI hogA / yaha 'RjusUtra' kA abhISTa hai / [ pradeza dRSTAnta se zabdatya kA nirUpaNa ] " zabdanaya" ityAdi - 'RjusUtra ' ne jo pradeza meM bhAjyatva batAyA hai, vaha " zabdanaya" ko mAnya nahIM hai / abhiprAya yaha hai ki RjusUtra mata kA yaha kahanA ki pradeza bhAjya hai' - yukta nahIM hai cUMki ' syAt' se pratipAdita bhajanA vikalparUpa hone se kisI eka pradeza ko lekara yaha 'dharmAstikAya kA hI pradeza hai' aisA niyamana nahIM kara sakatI hai / taba to jisa dharmAstikAya pradeza ko lekara yaha 'dharmAstikAya kA pradeza hai' isa taraha kI bhajanA kI pravRtti hogI usI pradeza ko lekara ' yaha adharmAstikAya kA pradeza hai ' isa taraha kI bhajanA kA prasaMga bhI A jAyagA / cUMki bhajanA vikalparUpa hone se vastu ke adhIna nahIM hai kintu vaha vikalpa icchA ke adhIna hai / ataH jo dharmAstikAya kA pradeza adharmAstikAya kA pradeza nahIM hai usa meM bhI 'yaha adharmAstikAya kA pradeza hogA' aisA vikalpa ho sakatA hai| isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki vikalpa meM vastu kA honA anivArya nahIM hai aura vikalparUpa hI bhajanA hai / evaM adharmAstikAya ke pradeza meM ' yaha

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nayarahasye pradezadRSTAntaH 47 dharmAstikAya kA pradeza hai' isa taraha kI bhajanA kA prasaMga bhI A sakatA hai| isI rIti se jIvAstikAya ityAdi ke pradezoM meM dharmAstikAyasambandhitva kI bhajanA kA prasaMga A sakatA hai / ata: "RjusUtrasammata bhajanA" yukta nahIM hai| [zabdanaya kA pradeza ke viSaya meM abhilApAkAra] isa prakAra RjusUtramata kI ayuktatA pradarzita karake zabdanaya svamata meM kyA honA cAhiye yaha batA rahA hai ki 'tadevamabhidheyam' ityAdi-'dharme dharma iti vA pradezo dharmaH' yahA~ vA zabdasUcita do vAkya isa prakAra haiM-'dharma pradezo dharmaH' arthAt saptamI tatpuruSa samAsArambhaka vAkyaprayoga aura dUsarA 'dharmaH pradezo dharmaH' arthAt karmadhArayasamAsArambhaka vAkyaprayoga / prathamavAkya kA tAtparya yaha hai ki dharma meM arthAt dharmAstikAya kA jo pradeza hai vaha dharmAstikAya rUpa hai-anya nahIM / dUsare kA bhI yahI tAtparya hai ki dharmAstikAya se abhinna jo pradeza hai vahI dharmAstikAyasvarUpa hai-anya nhiiN| isa prakAra ke vAkyaprayoga se vaha Apatti nahIM hogI jo RjusUtramata se bhajanA ke svIkAra meM hotI thI cUki yahA~ spaSTa niyamana hI kiyA gayA hai ki dharmAstikAya kA jo pradeza hai va dharmAstikAyAttAka hI hai-adharmAstikAyAdisvarUpa nahIM hai| adharmAstikAya ke pradeza ke bAre meM bhI yahI kahanA cAhiye ki 'adharma adharbha iti vA pradezo'dharmaH' arthAt adharmAstikAya kA jo pradeza hai vaha adharmAstikAyarUpa hai-dharmAstikAyAtmaka nahIM hai / athavA adharmAstikAya se abhinna jo pradeza hai vaha adharmAstikAyarUpa hI hai-dharmAstikAyasvarUpa nahIM hai| isI prakAra 'AkAze AkAzaH iti vA pradeza AkAzaH' yahA~ bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai| [nojIvaH' zabdaprayoga kA tAtparya vazeSa] 'atra dharmAdharmA0'-jIva ke bAre meM vAkyaprayoga kI rIti meM thoDA sA antara hai vaha yaha ki- 'jIve jIva iti vA pradezo nojIvaH', yahA~ anta meM 'no' zabdayukta jIvazabda kA prayoga hai / dharmAstikAya Adi meM 'no' zabdamukta prayoga thA-isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki dharma-adharma aura AkAza ye tIna dravya, saMkhyA se eka eka vyaktirUpa hone se dharmAstikAyAdi ke pradeza ko sampUrNa dharmAstikAyAtmakatA sughaTita hai kintu jIva saMkhyA se ananta hai aura kisI eka jIvapradeza sakalajIvasantAna arthAt sampUrNa jIvarAzi se abhinna to hai nahIM kintu sakalajIvasantAna kA jo ekadezabhUta eka jIva hai-kevala usI se hI abhinna hai| isaliye ekadeza ko sUcita karanevAle 'no' zabda ke prayoga se hI usa kA pratipAdana karanA ucita hai / pudgala, jisa ke liye yahA~ skandha zabda prayukta haA hai vaha bhI saMkhyA se ananta hai isaliye vahA~ bhI 'skandhe skandha iti vA pradezo noskandhaH' isa prakAra kA abhilApa hI hogA / yahA~ bhI 'skandhe pradeza: noskandhaH' isa prathama vAkya se skandha (pudagala) kA jo pradeza hai vaha sakala skandharAzi antarbhUta ekadezAtmaka jisa skandha kA hai usI skandha se uraH kA tAdAtmya hai yaha artha bhAsita hotA hai-dUsare vAkya prayoga meM skandha se abhinna pradeza, sakalaskandharAzi ekadezabhUta jisa skandha se abhinna hai usa ekadezIya skandhAtmaka hai yaha artha pratIta hotA hai| isa prakAra

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upA. yazovijaya racita samabhirUDhastvAha-zabdenApi na sUkSmamIkSAMcakre 'dharma pradeza' ityAdivAkyAt 'kuNDe badarami'tyAdevi bhedaprasaGgAt / kvacid bhede saptamIprayoge'pyabhedaprakArakabodhArtha karmadhArayasyaivAvazyAzrayaNIyatvAd dvitIyapakSa eva yukta iti / ke vAkyaprayoga se RjusUtramata meM diyA gayA atiprasaMga doSa nahIM AtA hai kyoMki yahA~ bhajanA nahIM kI jAtI kintu niyamana kiyA jAtA hai| ___ isa saMdarbha meM upAdhyAyajI ne jo 'santAna' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai vaha yaha sUcita karane ke lie ki nyAya-vaizeSikAdimata meM jaise AtmA aura AkAzAdi ko niravayava arthAt pradeza-pradezI bhAvazUnya mAnA gayA hai vaisA jaina mata meM nahIM hai kintu paramANupudgala ke vinA pA~coM dravya asaMkhya athavA anantapradeza ke santAnAtmaka (samudAyAtmaka) haiN| pUrvApara bhAva se avasthita padArthasaMghAta ko hI santAna kahate haiM jaise bauddhamata meM pUrvApara bhAva se avasthita prathamakSaNa, dvitIyakSaNa, tRtIyakSaNa yAvat antyakSaNa Atmaka ghaTakSaNoM ke samUha ko hI ghaTasantAna kahA jAtA hai| aMtara itanA hai ki bauddhamatAbhimata ghaTasantAna meM kAlika pUrvAparabhAva hai jaba ki yahA~ janamata meM jIvasantAna, AkAzasantAnAdi santAnoM meM usa ke ghaTakapradeza daizikapUrvApara bhAva se saMgaThita hokara avasthita hote haiM / dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya aura AkAzAstikAya ye tIna, kevala eka eka santAnAtmaka hI hai arthAt santAnabAhulya (vyaktibAhalya) ye tInoM meM nahIM hai / jIvasantAna aura skandha (pudgala) santAna ananta haiN| yaha bhI dhyAna dene yogya hai ki dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya aura jIvAstikAya ke praza kabhI bhI apane pradezI se pRthak nahIM ho pAte / skandha ke pradeza kabhI usa se alaga bhI ho jAte haiM / phira bhI avayava aura avayavI kA nyAyavazeSika mata meM jaise ekAnta bheda hotA hai athavA evaMbhUta naya ko jaise deza-pradeza kalpanA zUnya hI akhaNDavastu abhipreta hai vasA zabdanaya mata meM nahIM hai, kintu deza-pradeza kalpanA bhI hai aura una meM kathaMcid bhedAbheda bhI svasiddhAntasammata hai / [pradeza dRSTAnta se samabhirUDhanaya kA nirUpaNa] "samabhirUDhe" ityAdi- "samabhirUDhanaya" kA kahanA hai ki zabdanaya meM bhI sUkSmavicAra nahIM kiyA hai| kAraNa, 'dharme pradezaH" aisA vAkyaprayoga jo zabdanaya mAnatA hai, vaha saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki "dharma meM" aisA saptamIprayoga arthAt-saptamI ke artha kA bodha jisase ho, aisA prayoga zabdanaya ke mara se hotA hai / saptamI vibhakti kA artha to AdhArAdheya bhAva hotA hai / AdhArAdheya bhAva vahIM mAnA jAtA hai, jahA~ paraspara bheda ho / jaise-"kuNDa meM badara hai' isa vAkyaprayoga meM kuNDa meM AdhAratA kI pratIti hotI hai, aura badara meM AdheyatA kI pratIti hotI hai, tathA kuNDa aura badara meM paraspara bheda bhI pratIta hotA hai| aise hI dharma aura pradeza meM bheda kA prasaMga A jAyagA, jo iSTa nahIM hai / isI lie "zabdanaya" kA darzana sUkSmatAyukta nahIM hai|

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naya rahasye pradeza dRSTAntaH evambhUtastvAha- dezapradezakalpanArahitamakhaNDameva vastu abhidhAnIyam dezapradezayorasatvAt bhede sambandhAnupapatteH, abhede sahoktyanupapatteH / na ca vindhya himavadAdibhAvA'vacchedakatayA''kAzAdideza siddhiH pareNa samaM sambandhasyaivA'nupagamAt, tAdAtmya-tadutpacyanyatarAnupapatteriti dik / " d [ abheda meM saptamIprayoga ke samarthana kI AzaMkA ] yahA~ yaha AzaMkA ho sakatI hai ki- " jahA~ saptamI kA prayoga ho, vahA~ bheda rahatA meM hI hai, aisA niyama nahIM hai / kabhI kabhI AdhAra aura AdheyarUpa se abhimata vastu bhI abheda hI rahatA hai, aura saptamI kA prayoga hotA hai / jaise- "yaha vyakti brAhmaNoM meM zrotriya hai / " isa vAkya meM saptamI kA prayoga hai, tathA brAhmaNa aura zrotriya ina donoM meM AdhArAdheya bhAva bhI pratIta hotA hai, parantu AdhAratvena bhAsamAna brAhmaNa aura Adheyatvena bhAsamAna zrotrIya meM paraspara bheda bhAsamAna nahIM hai kyoMki brAhmaNa se abhinna zrotrIya kA bodha hotA hai arthAt zrotrIya meM brAhmaNarUpatA kA bodha hotA hai / aise hI 'araNya meM tilaka nAma ke aneka vRkSa haiM' aisA vAkyaprayoga tilaka nAmaka vRkSoM ke vana meM hatA hai / yahA~ bhI saptamI kA prayoga hai / araNya meM AdhAratA kI pratIti aura tilaka pada ke artha meM AdheyatA kI pratIti hotI hai / parantu araNya aura tilaka meM bheda nahIM bhAsita hotA hai kyoMki vaha araNya tilakavRkSa ke samUha se bhinna nahIM hai / usI taraha 'dharma meM pradeza hai' aisA vAkyaprayoga hone para bhI dharma aura pradeza meM abheda hI vivakSita rakheM to bheda kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| taba to 'zabdanaya' kI mAnyatA meM kyA asaMgati hai ?" - [ saptamI ke prayoga se anizcita bodha kI Apatti ] isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki saptamI ke prayoga rahane para kabhI abheda kA bhI bodha hotA hai itanA to ThIka hai, parantu aise sthaloM meM niyamataH abheda kA hI bodha ho aisA to nahIM hai / taba to 'dharma meM pradeza hai' aise vAkyaprayoga se dharma aura pradeza ina donoM meM 'bheda hai yA abheda hai', yaha saMzaya jarUra hogA / abheda kA bodha nizcita nahIM hogA / nizcita abheda bodha ke lie " karmadhAraya samAsa " kA hI Azraya karanA paDatA hai / jaise nIlotpala zabda meM karmadhAraya samAsa hone se nIla padArtha kA abheda utpala padArtha meM nizcitarUpa se jJAta hotA hai / isa hetu se 'dharma meM pradeza' aisA vAkyaprayoga yadyapi zabdanaya ko sammata hai kintu samabhirUDha kI dRSTi meM vaha ThIka nahIM hai / apitu 'dharmaH pradezaH' aisA dvitIya vAkyaprayoga jo " zabdanaya" ne batAyA hai, jisa meM dharmazabda bhI pradezazabda ke jaise prathamAnta hI prayukta huA hai vahI pakSa yuktiyukta hai / aisI mAnyatA "samabhirUDhanaya" kI hai / [ pradeza dRSTAnta meM evambhUta naya kA nirUpaNa ] " evambhUta" ityAdi - evambhUtanaya, 'dharma pradeza hai' aisI mAnyatA jo "samabhirUDhanaya" kI hai, isa meM sammata nahIM hai| kyoMki "evambhUtanaya" ke mata se deza-pradeza kI kalpanA

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40 upA. yazovijaya racita aprAmANika hone se deza-pradeza kI kalpanA se rahita akhaNDa vastu hI vAkya se pratipAca hotI hai arthAt akhaNDavastu kA bodha hI vAkya se hotA hai, yahI mAnyatA evambhUtanaya kI hai| isalie 'dharma hai-adharma hai| isI taraha ke vAkya kA prayoga usake mata meM karanA cAhie / deza aura pradeza ko jo evambhRta nahIM mAnatA hai, usa kI samarthaka yukti yaha hai ki dharmAdi kA deza aura pradeza yadi mAnA jAya to, vaha deza aura pradeza dharmAdi se bhinna hogA yA abhinna hogA aisA vikalpa uThegA hii| usa meM bhedapakSa yukta nahIM hai kyoMki dharmAdi aura unake deza pradezoM meM yadi paraspara bheda hogA to yaha dharmasambandhita deza hai-yaha dharmasambandhI pradeza hai, isa taraha ke vAkyaprayogoM meM jo sambandha bhAsita hotA hai, vaha na honA cAhie kyoMki bhinnavastuoM kA paraspa hotA hai| jaise- ghaTa aura paTa paraspara bhinna hone se ghaTa kA sambandha paTa meM nahIM hotA hai, aura paTa kA sambandha ghaTa meM nahIM hotA hai, vase hI dharmAdi ko deza-pradeza ke sAtha koI sambandha nahIM ho sakatA hai / [ tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti se atirikta sambandha kA abhAva ] ____ yahA~ yaha AzaMkA kI jAya ki-"ghaTa-paTa kA paraspara bheda hone para bhI saMyoga Adi aneka prakAra ke sambandha paraspara meM ho sakate haiN| vase hI dharmAdi kA deza-pradeza ke sAtha bhI aneka sambandha ho sakate haiM / taba 'bheda rahane para sambandha nahIM ho sakatA hai' aisA kahanA ayukta hai"-isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna 'tAdAtmyatadutpaneranyatarAnupapatteH' isa agrima paMkti se yahA~ bhI sUcita ho jAtA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki evambhUta do hI prakAra kA sambandha mAnatA hai, tAdAtmya aura tadutpatti / yahA~ "tAdAtmya" zabda se abheda sambandha vivakSita hai / ghaTa-paTa meM paraspara bheda hone se abhedarUpa "tAdAtmya" sambandha ho nahIM sakatA hai kyoMki abheda kA virodhI bheda vahA~ avasthita hai| dUsarI ora ghaTapaTa meM janyajanakabhAva to hai hI nahIM, kyoMki ghaTa na to paTa kA janaka haiM aura na janya hai / usI taraha paTa bhI na ghaTa kA janya hai, na janaka hai| isI taraha se dharmAdi aura deza-pradezoM meM bheda rahane para abhedarUpa tAdAtmya sambandha nahIM ho sakatA hai aura janyajanakabhAva sambandha to hai hI nhiiN| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki dharmAdi aura una ke dezapradezoM meM paraspara bheda hone para bhI deza aura pradeza ke sAtha dharmAdi kA sambandha yadi mAnA jAya to dharmabhinnatva jaise dharmAstikAya ke pradezoM meM hai, vaise hI adharmAstikAya ke pradezoM meM bhI hai, to adharmAstikAya kA jo pradeza hai vaha dharma kA pradeza hai aura dharmAstikAya kA jo pradeza hai vaha adharmAstikAya kA pradeza hai-isa taraha anyadIya pradeza meM bhI anyadIya pradezatva kA vyavahAra ho jAyagA kyoMki bheda hone para bhI sambandha kA svIkAra kiyA hai| isalie bhedapakSa yukta nahIM hai| yadi "dharmAdi ke deza-pradeza dharmAdi se abhinna hai" yaha dvitIya pakSa mAnA jAya to yaha bhI ayukta hai| kAraNa, jisa ko jisa ke sAtha abheda hotA hai, una donoM kA saha prayoga arthAta-eka sAtha prayoga nahIM hotA hai, jaise-ghaTa ke sAtha ghaTa kA abheda hai to ghaTa ghaTa' aisA sahaprayoga nahIM hotA tAtparya 'dharma deza hai, dharma pradeza hai' aisA prayoga nahIM ho skegaa| isalie akhaNDa vastu kA hI kathana yukta hai|

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nayarahasye pradezadRSTAntaH [ bheda hone para bhI sambandha kI utpatti omakAra yadi yaha zaMkA uThAyI jAya ki-"dharmAdi aura una ke dezapradeza kI sattA nahIM hai' isa mAnyatA meM heturUpa se Apa yaha batAte haiM ki dharmAdi aura una ke dezapradezoM meM yadi bheda mAnA jAya to dharmAdi kA deza aura pradeza ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hogA / parantu yaha kahanA asaMgata hai kyoMki bheda hone para bhI sambandha rahatA hai, aisA dekhane meM AtA hai| jase-vindhya parvata AkAza ke amuka pradezAvacchedena rahatA hai aura himAlaya tadbhinna AkAzapradezAvacchedena rahatA hai tathA AkAza ke yatpradezAvacchedena vindhya rahatA hai, tadbhinnapradezAvacchedena vindhya kA abhAva rahatA hai| evaM AkAza ke yatpradezAvacchedena himAlaya rahatA hai, tadRbhinnapradezAvacchedena himAlaya kA abhAva rahatA hai| isa taraha vindhya aura himAlayarUpa bhAva padArtha kA avacchedaka AkAza pradeza mAnA jAtA hai| evaM vindhyAbhAva aura himAlayAbhAvarUpa abhAva padArtha kA bhI avacchedaka AkAzapradeza mAnA jAtA hai / yadi AkAza ke pradeza AkAza ke sAtha sambandha na rakhate ho to AkAza vRtti vindhya-himAlaya evaM vindhyAbhAva aura himAlayAbhAva ke avacchedaka na bana sakege / isa se yaha siddha hotA hai ki bheda rahane para bhI AkAza aura usa ke deza-pradezoM kA sambandha avazya hai / taba usI taraha dharmAdi aura una ke deza-pradezoM kA sambandha siddha ho jaaygaa| taba to 'dharmAdi ke dezapradeza kI siddhi bhI ho jaaygii| taba 'dezapradezarahita akhaNDavastu kA hI kathana karanA cAhie' yaha "evambhUtanaya" kI mAnyatA ThIka nahIM jacatI / " [ AkAza aura vindhyAdi meM koi vAstava saMbandha nahIM hai-uttara ] isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna upAdhyAyajI isa taraha se dete haiM ki AkAzAdi ke sAtha vindhyAdi kA sambandha hI nahIM mAnA jAtA hai, kAraNa vindhyAdi sabhI vastu apane meM hI avasthita haiN| taba jo AkAza ke amukapradezAvacchedena vindhya kI vRttitA pratIta hotI hai, vaha kAlpanika hai, kyoMki kAlpanika sambandha ko lekara hI vaisI pratIti hotI hai| vAstava sambandha to evambhUtanaya ke mata se do hI haiM-"tAdAtmya aura tdutptti"| AkAzAdi ke sAtha vindhyAdi padArtho kA tAdAtmya sambandha to hai nahIM kyoMki vindhya aura AkAza bhinnarUpa se sarvAnubhavasiddha hai| AkAza aura vindhya vagairaha padArthoM meM "tadutpatti" zabda se abhipreta kAryakAraNa bhAvarUpa sambandha bhI nahIM hai kyoMki vindhya AkAza kA na kAraNa hai-na kArya hai| evaM AkAza bhI vindhya kA na kAraNa hai-na kArya hai| taba to vindhya-himAlaya aura vindhyAbhAva-himAlayAbhAva meM AkAzanirUpita vRttitA hI nahIM hai| isalie vindhya himAlayaAdiniSThavRttitAvacchedakatayA athavA vindhya. himAlayAdiavacchedakatayA AkAzAdi ke deza kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| yaha "evambhUtanaya" kI mAnyatA kA samarthana karane kI eka rIti hai, aura bhI aneka yuktiyA~ ho sakatI hai- isa vastu ko "dika" (=dizA) pada ke prayoga se 'upAdhyAyajI ne sUcita kiyA hai| [ pradezadRSTAnta samApta ]

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upA. yazovijaya racita prasthako magadhadezaprasiddho dhAnyamAnavizeSaH, tadarthaM vanagamanadAruccheda natakSaNokiraNa lekhanaprastha paryAyAvirbhAveSu yathottarazuddhA naigamabhedAH / atizuddhanaigamastvAsskuTTitanAmAnaM prasthakamAha / vyavahAre'pyayameva panthAH // 52 [ prasthaka ke dRSTAnta meM sAta nayoM kA abhigama ] "prasthako magadha0" ityAdi - pradeza dRSTAnta ke dvArA naigamAdi nayoM meM pUrvapUrvanaya kI apekSA se uttarottara naya vizuddhiyukta haiM, isa vastu kA vivecana karake aba 'upAdhyAyajI ' "prasthaka" dRSTAnta ke dvArA pUrva - pUrvanaya kI apekSA se uttarottara naya meM jisa rIti se vizuddhi AtI usa rIti kA vivecana prastuta karate haiM-magadhadeza meM prasiddha dhAnya mApane ke pAtravizeSa ko "prasthaka" kahate haiM / Ayurveda granthoM meM auSadhi ke mApa ko "prastha " zabda se kahA gayA hai aura auSadhi ke mApane kA sAdhana bhI " prastha " zabda se kahA gayA hai / isalie "prastha" zabda kA artha 'mApane kA sAdhanavizeSa' karanA ucita hA hai aura usa se paricchinna yA parimita arthAt mApA huA dhAnyAdi vastuvizeSa bhI prastha kahA jAtA hai / pharka itanA hI hai ki "caraka" suzruta vagairaha prAcIna granthoM meM "prastha " zabda kA prayoga upalabdha hotA hai aura anuyogadvArAdi prAcIna granthoM meM "prasthaka" zabda kA prayoga hai / " prastha zabda se svArtha meM "ka " pratyaya lagAne para " prasthaka" zabda banatA hai / isalie "prastha" aura "prasthaka" ina donoM zabdoM kA artha eka hI hotA hai / yaha "prasthaka" kASThanirmita hotA hai / pASANa yA dhAtuoM ke dvArA nirmita "prasthaka" kI apekSA kASThanirmita " prasthaka" sulabha hone ke kAraNa vaha koI samaya meM adhika prasiddha rahA hogA, isalie kASThanirmita "prasthaka" ko hI dRSTAnta rUpa se yahA~ grahaNa kiyA hai / [ naigamanaya kA prasthaka ke liye vividha abhiprAya ] "" "prasthaka" ke lie kASTha lAne ke nimitta koI puruSa vana meM jAtA hai, usa dazA meM yadi use pUchA jAya ki kyA kara rahe ho ? to usako vaha aisA hI javAba detA hai ki 'prasthaka lAne ke lie jAtA hU~' / yadyapi vaha prasthakayogya kASTha ko lAne ke lie vanagamana kara rahA hai to bhI uttara to yahI detA hai ki "maiM prasthaka lAne ke lie jAtA hU~" / yahA~ vanasthakASTha "prasthaka" rUpa yadyapi nahIM hai tathApi usa kASTha meM bhAviprasthakabhAva kA Aropa karake vaha pUrvokta uttara detA hai / isalie naigamanaya meM kASTha meM 'prasthaka' ke abhiprAyarUpa azuddhatA hai / jahA~ Aropa yA upacAra kA sambandha rahatA hai, aise abhiprAya ko vizuddha na mAnakara azuddha hI mAnanA yukta hai / "naya" bhI 'abhiprAyavizeSa hI hai' aisA "naya lakSaNa ke prastAva meM kahA jA cukA hai / vanasthakASTha kA paryAyavizeSa hI "prasthaka" haiM / isa meM azuddhi kisa taraha AtI hai isa ko batAkara isa kI apekSA vizuddhiyukta " naigama" ke bheda " dAruchedana0" zabda se pradarzita kiyA jAtA hai / "prasthaka" ke lie kASTha kA chedana karate hue puruSa ko yadi pUchA jAya ki 'tuma kyA karate ho ?' to vaha yahI uttara detA hai ki maiM "prasthaka" karatA hU~ / yaha abhiprAya bhI vizuddha to nahIM hai kyoMki dAruchedana to "prasthaka" nahIM hai kintu 'chidyamAna kASTha' meM prasthakatva kA ""

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nayarahasye prasthakadRSTAntaH upacAra karake "maiM prasthaka karatA hU~" aisA uttara detA hai / to bhI vanagamana kriyA ke uddezyabhUta kASTha meM "prasthaka" ke prayoga kI apekSA se chedanakriyAnvita kASTha meM kucha zuddhi avazya hai, kyoMki achidyamAna kASTha se chidyamAnakASTha meM prasthaka bhAva kA sAmIpya hai| yaha "nagama" kA dUsarA bheda hai / evaM prasthaka ke nimitta vana se lAe hue kASTha kI jaba takSaNakriyA karatA hai, arthAt kASTha kA "prasthaka" ke lie upayukta khaMDa banAtA hai, usa kAla meM yadi usa vyakti ko pUchA jAya ki 'kyA karate ho ?' to vaha bhI yahI javAba detA hai ki 'mai prasthaka banAtA huu"| yahA~ kASTha kI takSaNakriyA se anvita kASTha prasthaka nahIM hai, kintu takSaNakriyAyuktakASTha meM "prasthakatva" kA upacAra kara ke vaha aisA javAba detA hai ki 'maiM prasthaka karatA h"| isalie yahA~ bhI upacAra kA mizraNa hotA hai, ataH azuddhi avazya hai to bhI pUrva kI apekSA se isa meM zuddhi hai kyoMki prasthaka nirmANa meM chidyamAna kASTha kI apekSA takSaNakriyAyukta kASTha sannikRSTa hai yaha naigama kA tIsarA bheda hai / prasthaka banAne meM upayukta kASThakhaNDa meM aisA zuSirabhAva banAnA Avazyaka hotA hai ki jisase usa ke bhItara dhAnyAdi kA samAveza ho sake, tadartha kASThakhaNDa ke madhyavartI avayavoM ko nikoranA (khudAI karanA) Avazyaka hai usI ko utkiraNa kahate haiM / usa utkiraNa ko karate hae puruSa ko (baDhaI ko) yadi pUchA jAya ki 'kyA karate ho? to vaha puruSa bhI yahI uttara detA hai ki 'mai prasthaka banAtA ha" yahA~ para bhI utkiraNakriyAnvitakASTha "prasthaka" nahIM hai, tathApi "prasthaka" zabda kA jo vahA~ prayoga hotA hai, vaha upacAra se hI hotA hai, isalie isameM bhI azuddhi hai, to bhI takSaNakriyAyuktakASTha meM jo "prasthaka" zabda kA prayoga hotA hai, usa kI apekSayA isa meM vizuddhatA hai, kyoMki "prasthaka" taiyAra karane meM takSaNa kriyAyuktakASTha kI apekSA se utkiraNakriyAnvita kASTha sannikRSTa hai / yaha naigama kA caturtha bheda hai| "utkiraNa" kriyA dvArA kASThakhaNDa jaba sAvakAza bana jAtA hai taba usa meM rahe hae uccAvaccabhAva ko nikAlakara "samIkaraNa" karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, usa samIkaraNakriyA ko hI "lekhana' kahate haiN| "lekhana" kriyA ke bAda "prasthaka" kA AkAra bana jAtA hai usa samaya lekhanakartA puruSa ko pUchA jAya ki 'kyA karate ho ?' to vaha bhI yahI javAba detA hai ki "prasthaka banAtA huuN|" lekhana kriyAkAla meM bhI vaha zuSirayukta kASThakhaNDa vAstavika "prasthaka" nahIM hai, kyoMki anya sAdhanoM se dhAnyAdi dravyoM kA mApa karake usa kASTha khaNDa meM rakhA jAya aura una parimita dhAnyAdi kA vahA~ samAveza ho jAya aura vaha dhAnyAdi dravya na nyUna ho, na adhika ho, taba vaha zuSira dArukhaNDa vAstavika "prasthaka" hogA, abhI to vaha dArukhaNDa jo "prasthaka" zabda se kahA jAtA hai, vaha to upacAra se hI kahA jAtA hai| isalie isa meM bhI azuddhi hai, parantu "utkiraNa" kriyA viziSTa "kASTha" kI apekSA se lekhanakriyAnvitakASTha "prasthaka" bhAva banane meM sannikRSTa hone ke kAraNa vizuddhi bhI hai| yaha "naMgama" kA paJcama bheda phalita hotA hai|

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upA. yazovijaya racita saGgrahastu vizuddhatvAt kAraNe kAryopacAra kAryAskaraNakAle ca prasthakaM nAGgIkurute / na ca tadA ghaTAdyAtmakatvaprasaGgaH, tadarthakriyAM vinA tattvAyogAt / 54 "" ina pUrvokta "prasthaka" paryAyoM ke anantara jaba anya sAdhana (bATa) dvArA dhAnya kA mAna vizeSa karake "lekhana" kriyA ke bAda bane hue "prasthaka" paryAya meM usa dhAnya ko rakhA jAya, aura nyUna adhika na ho, taba vaha prasthakaparyAya " prasthaka zabda se kahA jAtA hai, vahI vAstavika "prasthaka" hai kyoMki loka usI meM prasthaka zabda kA prayoga karate haiM yaha prasiddha hai / isalie usa artha meM "prasthaka" yaha nAma vAraMvAra prayukta hotA hai / kisI nAma kA bAra bAra prayoga honA usI ko AkuTTana (punaH punaH Avarttana) kahate haiM aura usa nAma ko AkuTTitanAma kahate haiM / aise sarvasAdhAraNa loka prasiddha "prasthaka" meM jo "prasthaka" zabda kA vyapadeza hotA hai yaha vAstavika vyapadeza hai| isameM upacAra kA mizraNa nahIM hai / atizuddha naigamanaya isI ko "prasthaka" rUpa se mAnatA hai / isa bheda meM koI azuddhi kA samparka nahIM rahatA hai / vanagamanAdi kriyA kA uddezya kASThasvarUpa ityAdi prasthakaparyAyoM meM to taratama bhAva se azuddhi kA sambandha rahatA hai, isalie vanagamanAdi kriyA ke uddezya kASTha paryAyoM meM prasthaka kA vyapadeza atizuddha naMgama se nahIM hotA hai / [ prasthaka ke dRSTAnta se vyavahAranaya kA nirUpaNa ] 66 "" vanagamana "vyavahAre0" iti=" vyavahAranaya" meM bhI "prasthaka" dRSTAnta se pUrvapUrvanaya kI apekSA se uttarottara naya meM zuddhi kA vivecana ukttarIti se hI karanA cAhie / kriyA uddezyakASTha meM " prasthaka" kA jo vyavahAra hotA hai usa kI apekSA se vizuddhi chedanakriyAnvitakASTha meM jo "prasthaka" vyavahAra hotA hai usa meM hai / evaM chidyamAnakASTha meM "prasthaka" vyavahAra kI apekSA se takSaNakriyAyuktakASTha meM jo "prasthaka" vyavahAra hotA hai usa meM vizuddhi adhika hai| tathA takSaNakriyAyuktakASThagata "prasthaka" vyavahAra kI apekSA se utkiraNakriyAkAlInakASTha meM "prasthaka" vyavahAra meM adhika vizuddhi rahatI hai / tadapekSayA lekhana kriyAkAlInakASTha meM prasthakavyavahAra vizuddha hai, usa kI apekSA se bhI loka prasiddha " prasthaka" paryAya meM "prasthaka" vyavahAra vizuddha hai / atizuddha vyavahAranaya " janasAdhAraNa prasiddha prasthaka" ko hI vAstavika prasthaka mAnatA hai kyoMki usa meM upacAra kA mizraNa nahIM hai / vanagamanAdikriyA uddezyAdi paryAyoM meM jo prasthaka vyavahAra hotA hai usa meM upacAra rahatA hai isalie azuddhiyukta hai / ata eva " atizuddha vyavahAranaya" kA viSaya vanagamanAdi kriyAviziSTakASTharUpa "prasthaka" paryAya nahIM haiM / [ prasthaka ke dRSTAnta se saMgrahanaya kA nirUpaNa ] " saMgrahastu0 " iti - naigama aura vyavahAra kI mAnyatA se "prasthaka" dRSTAnta meM "saMgrahanaya" kI mAnyatA bhinna hI hai| naigama aura vyavahAranaya vanagamana - dAruchedanAdikriyAdhAra kASTha jo prasthaka ke prati paramparA kAraNa hai usa meM 'prasthaka rUpa kArya kA upacAra karake prasthaka vyapadeza ko svIkArate haiM / parantu " saMgrahanaya" kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra nahIM

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nayarahasye prasthakadRSTAnta: 'ghaTAdizabdArthIkrayA tatrApyastyeveti cet ? na, asAdhAraNatadarthakriyAkAritvasyaiva tadAtmakatvaprayojakatvAt / "tathApi prasthaka kriyAvirahe nAyaM prasthako, ghaTAdyanAtmakatvAcca nA'prasthaka ityanubhayarUpaH syAt !' na syAt, pratiyogikoTau svasthApi pravezena yAvadghaTAdhanAtmakatvA'siddheH / 'arthakriyAbhAvAbhAvAbhyAM dravyabhedAbhyupagame RjusUtramatAnupraveza' iti cet ? na, naigamopagatasaGgrahaNAya kvAcitkatathopagamena tadananu vezAt / itthaM ca vyaktibhedAttadvayaktigataM prasthakatvasAmAnyamapi nAstIti nAtra kazciddoSo vinA vyavahArabAdhamiti dik / mAnatA hai aura 'prasthaka' jisa kAla dhAnyAdimApanarUpa apanA kArya nahIM karatA hai usa kAla meM prasthaka ko prasthaka rUpa se svIkAra nahIM karatA / vanagamana-dAruchedana ityAdi kriyA ke AdhAra kASTha Adi meM bhI 'prasthaka' kA vyapadeza nahIM mAnatA hai kyoMki yaha "naya" vizuddha hai, isalie isa naya kI mAnyatA ke anusAra jaba dhAnya Adi ke mApana rUpa kriyA "prasthaka" se hotI hai, usI kAla meM "prasthaka" meM "prasthaka" vyapadeza ucita hai| [prasthaka meM ghaTAdirUpatA kI Apatti kA vAraNa ] yahA~ yaha AzaMkA ho sakatI hai ki- "prasthaka kA svarUpa bana jAne para bhI dhAnyamApanAdi prasthakasAdhyakriyA ke abhAva meM yadi prasthaka na mAnA jAyagA to vaha prasthaka na hokara prasthaka bhinna padArtha hogA, vasA padArtha to ghaTa-paTAdi hai, isalie prasthaka meM ghaTAdi svarUpa kA prasaMga hogA"-isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna saMgrahanaya ke mata se yaha hai ki prasthaka meM ghaTAdisvarUpatA kA prasaMga tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba jalAharaNAdi rUpa ghaTAdi kI arthakriyA ko prasthaka karatA ho / parantu, prasthaka se jalAharaNAdi kriy| to hotI nahIM haiM, isalie ghaTAdisvarUpatA kA prasaMga nahIM A sakatA hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki "prasthaka jalAharaNAdirUpa artha kriyA ko yadyapi nahIM karatA hai, tathApi, jalAharaNAdi jaise ghaTAdisAdhya arthakriyA hai isI prakAra ghaTAdizabda kA prayoga honA bhI ghaTAdi kI arthakriyA hai| prasthaka meM ghaTAdi zabda kA prayoga koI puruSa apanI icchA ke anusAra kara sakatA hai| taba to ghaTAdi kI arthakriyA kAla meM ghaTAdisvarUpatA kA prasaMga prasthaka meM AtA hI hai |"-to isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki jisakI asAdhAraNa kriyA ko jo karatA hai, usI meM tatsvarUpatA kA vyapadeza hotA hai / ghaTAdi kI asAdhAraNa arthakriyA jalAharaNAdirUpa hI hai| ghaTAdizabdaprayogarUpa artha kriyA ghaTAdi kI asAdhAraNa kriyA nahIM hai, kyoMki ghaTAdi se itara artha meM bhI ghaTAdizabda kA prayoga koI kara letA hai, isalie prasthaka se ghaTAdi kI asAdhAraNa arthakriyA jo jalAharaNAdirUpa hai vaha nahIM hotI hai / isa hetu se "prasthaka" meM ghaTAdyAtmakatva kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| [prasthaka meM anubhayarUpatA kI Apatti kA vAraNa ] yadi yaha zaMkA kI jAya ki- "saMgrahanaya" ke mata se dhAnyamApana rUpa prasthaka kI asAdhAraNa arthakriyA jaba nahIM hai usa kAla meM prasthaka prasthakarUpa nahIM hai aura usa

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56 upA. yazovijaya racita kAla meM asAdhAraNa arthakriyA jo jalAharaNa di hai usa ko bhI nahIM karatA hai, isalie ghaTAdi Atmaka na hone ke kAraNa vaha aprasthaka rUpa bhI nahIM hai| isalie usa kAla meM prasthaka anubhayarUpa ho jAyagA, arthAt vaha prasthakasvabhAva se rahita aura aprasthakasvabhAva se bhI rahita ho jAyagA / yahA~ iSTApatti kara lenA bhI sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki tatsvabhAva aura tat se itara svabhAva ina donoM se vinirmukta vastu hI aprasiddha hai / " isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki-"ghaTAdi" kI artha kiyA ko na karane ke kAraNa vaha ghaTAdyAtmaka na hogA' itanA to mAnya hai, parantu 'ghaTAdyanAtmaka hone se vaha aprasthaka bhinna ho jAyagA' yaha mAnya nahIM haiM kyoMki 'aprasthakabhinna' zabda kA artha yatkiJcit aprasthaka bhinna aisA nahIM hai kintu 'dhaTapaTAdi yAvadaaprasthakabhinna' aisA ho sarvamAnya haiM aura yahA~ bhedapratiyogI kI kukSi meM asAdhAraNa kriyA kA akAraka prasthaka bhI samAviSTa ho jAne se yAvadaaprasthaka bhinnatA nahIM hogii| isa se yaha phalita huA ki 'aprasthakabhinna' zabda kA artha 'aprasthakatvAvacchinnapratiyogitAkabhedavata' aisA vivakSita hai / apanI asAdhAraNa kriyA ke akaraNakAla meM prasthaka jaba aprasthaka bana jAtA hai taba usa meM aprasthakatvAvacchinna pratiyogitAkabheda nahIM rahegA, kyoMki tAdAtmyasambandha se pratiyogI jahA~ rahegA vahA~ svabheda kA rahanA viruddha hai, isalie aprasthakabheda ke pratiyogi aprasthaka kI kukSi meM asAdhAraNa kriyA kA asAdhaka prasthaka kA bhI bhedaprati. yogividhayA praveza hone se vaha prasthaka 'aprasthakabhinna' nahIM ho skegaa| taba anubhayarUpatA kA ApAdana sambhavita nahIM hogaa| yadi yaha zaMkA kI jAya ki-'ghaTAdi kI arthakiyA ko na karane ke kAraNa prasthaka ko aprasthaka bhI kyoM mAnA jAya ?' to isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki prasthaka kI jo asAdhAraNa kriyA dhAnyamApana hai usa ko na karane ke kAraNa jaba vaha "aprasthaka" hai, arthAt prasthakabhinnAtmaka hai, taba usa meM yAvadaghaTAdya-nAtmakatva hI siddha nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaba yAvaghaTAdyanAtmakatva usa meM siddha na hogA taba aprasthakatvAvacchinna pratiyogitAkabheda bhI usa meM nahIM hogaa| taba aprasthaka bhinna na hone ke kAraNa anubhayarUpatA kA ApAdAna kaise sambhava hogA ? yaha AzaMkA ho sakatI hai ki "saMgrahanaya arthakriyAkaraNakAla meM prasthaka ko prasthakadravya rUpa se svIkAra karatA hai, aura dhAnyamApanarUpa jo prasthaka dravya kI arthakriyA, usa ke abhAvakAla meM usa ko "prasthaka" dravya se bhinna mAnatA hai, taba "saMgrahanaya" kA jo svabhAva hai 'abhinna dravya arthAt dravyasAmAnya ko mAnanA, usa kA tyAga ho jAtA hai aura bhedarUpa vizeSa ko mAnane kA svabhAva jo "RjasUtraraya" kA hai vaha saMgraha meM A jAtA hai| taba to RjusUtra ke mata meM saMgraha kA anupraveza ho jAyagA, kyoMki donoM naya bhedarUpa vizeSa ko mAnate haiM, "RjusUtra" to khAsa kara vizeSa ko hI mAnatA "saMgraha" bhI arthakriyA ke bhAva aura abhAva se dravyabheda ko mAnatA hai taba donoM meM ekatA kI Apatti anivArya ho jAtI hai"-isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki "ati. zaddha naigamanaya" ke svIkRta dravyabheda kA saMgraha karane ke lie "saMgraha" bhI kahIM kahIM arthakriyA ke bhAva aura abhAva se dravyabheda nahIM mAnatA hai| RjasUtra to kevala vizeSa ko hI mAnatA hai, isalie RjusUtra ke mata se sarvatra dravyabheda hai| do naya ke bIca itanA

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nayarahasye prasthakadRSTAntaH RjusUtrastu niSpannasvarUpo'rthakriyAhetuH prasthakaH, tatparicchinnaM ca dhAnyamapi prasthaka ityAha, ubhayasamAjAdeva mAnopapatterekatarAbhAve paricchedA'sambhavAt / kathaM tarhi 'prasthakena dhAnyaM mIyata' iti, karaNarUpAnupraviSTasya kriyArUpA'pravezAt ? iti cet ? satyam , vivakSAbhedAdubhayarUpAnupravezopapatteriti dik / bheda spaSTa hone se "RjusUtra" ke mata meM saMgraha kA praveza sambhava nahIM hai / "atizuddhanagama" "prasthaka" meM se jisa kAla meM dhAnyamApanarUpa arthakriyA hotI hai usa kAla meM hI prasthaka ko prasthaka svarUpa mAnatA hai, jisa kA saMgrahanaya bhI svIkAra karatA hai| isalie itane aMza meM dravyabheda arthAta vizeSa ko "saMgrahanaya" mAnyatA detA hai| RjasUtra kI taraha sabhI jagaha isa ko vizeSa mAnya nahIM hai| yahA "saMgraha" aura "RjusUtra' meM bheda hai| isa taraha arthakriyAkAlIna prasthaka vyakti se arthakriyA akaraNakAlIna prasthaka vyakti kA bheda saMgrahanaya se jaba siddha hotA hai taba arthakriyAkAlIna vyakti meM rahA huA prasthakatva sAmAnya bhI arthakriyA abhAvakAlIna prasthaka vyakti meM isa ke mata se mAnya nahIM hai / aisA mAnane para (RjusUtra ke) isa mata meM vyavahAra bAdha ko choDakara dUsarA koI bhI doSa nahIM AtA hai / vyavahAra kA bAdha isalie hai ki arthakriyA ke abhAvakAlIna prasthaka vyakti meM bhI yaha prasthaka hai esA jo vyavahAra loka meM hotA hai vaha aba nahIM ho sakegA, kAraNa, arthakriyAabhAvakAlIna prasthaka ko yaha naya aprasthaka mAnatA hai arthAta prasthaka se bhinna mAnatA hai, taba isa ke mata meM, vaise prasthaka meM yaha prasthaka hai' isa taraha kA vyavahAra nahIM ho sakatA hai| kyoMki prasthakatva vyavahAra ke prati prasthakabhinnatva kA jJAna pratibandhaka banatA hai| upAdhyAyajI ne "dika" zabda kA prayoga kara ke sUcita kiyA hai ki isa rIti se 'saMgrahanaya" kA aura bhI vivecana kiyA jA sakatA hai| [prasthaka ke dRSTAnta se RjusUtranaya kA nirUpaNa ] (RjusUtrastu ityAdi) RjusUtra naya dAruchedana-takSaNa Adi ke dvArA jisa kA svarUpa panna arthAt- siddha hai aura dhAnyamApanarUpa arthakriyA jisa se hotI hai, aise mAnasAdhana dravya vizeSa ko to prasthaka mAnatA hI hai, kintu prasthaka se parichinna arthAtanApA haA jo dhAnya, usa meM bhI 'prasthaka' zabda kA vyapadeza karatA hai| arthAta mAnakriyA kA sAdhana aura mAnakriyA kA karma ina donoM meM prasthaka zabda kA vyavahAra 'RjasUtra' ke mata se mAnya hai| isa meM RjusUtra kI yukti yaha hai ki pariccheda arthAt mApa tabhI ho sakatA hai, jaba mAna kA sAdhana kASThanirmita dravya vizeSa aura mAna kA karma dhAnyAdi, ina donoM kA sanidhAna ho, athot-ye donoM upasthita hoN| ina donoM meM se kisI bhI eka kA abhAva hone para mApa ho hI nahIM sakatA hai| jaise-kevala mApane kA sAdhana meyavastu dhAnyAdi na ho to bhI mAna kriyA nahIM ho sakatI hai| vaise hI meya dravya dhAnyAdi hove aura usa ko mApane kA sAdhana na hove taba bhI mAnakriyA nahIM ho

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upA. yazovijayaracite ____ zabda samabhirUdvaivambhUtAmtu-prasthakAdhikArajJagatAt prasthakakartRgatAdvA prasthakopayogAdatirikta prasthakaM na sahante / nizcayamAnAtmakaprasthakasya jaDavRttitvA'yogAt , bAhyaprasthakasyApyanupalambhakAle'sattvenopayogAnatirekAzrayaNAt, antato jJAnA'dvaitanayA'nupravezAdvA / na ca jJAnA'jJAnAtmakatvobhayanayaviSayasamAvezavirodhAt sakatI hai / isalie mAna sAdhana dravyavizeSa aura meya ina donoM kI upasthiti mAnakriyA ke lie Avazyaka hai / ataH mAnasAdhana dravyavizeSa aura usa se paricchinna dhAnya ina donoM ko hI prasthaka mAnanA cAhie, yaha 'RjusUtra' kA abhiprAya hai / [karaNatva aura karmatva eka sAtha durghaTa hone kI zaMkA kA uttara ] yaha AzaMkA ho sakatI hai ki- "mAnakriyA meM karaNarUpa prasthaka hai aura mAnakriyA meM karmarUpa dhAnya hai| aba dhAnya ko karaNarUpa jo prasthaka, tatsvarUpa mAna liyA jAya to mAnakriyA kI karaNakukSi meM dhAnya kA bhI praveza ho jAyagA, taba mAnakriyA ke karma kI kukSi meM dhAnya kA praveza nahIM hogA, kAraNa, ekakriyAnirUpitakaraNatva aura karmatva donoM ekavastu meM virodha hone ke kAraNa raha sakate nhiiN| taba to 'prasthaka se dhAnya mApA jAtA hai aisA vyavahAra nahIM ho sakegA aura isa vyavahAra meM dhAnya meM karmatva kI pratIti hotI hai vaha nahIM hogii| kAraNa, dhAnya ko bhI prasthakarUpa mAna lene se usa meM karaNatva rahatA hai to karmatva buddhi usa meM nahIM honI caahie| taba to yaha vyavahAra "RjasUtra" ke mata se bAdhita ho jAyagA |"-is AzaMkA ko ardhasvIkAra karane ke artha meM "satya" pada kA prayoga upAdhyAyajI ne kiyA hai| isa kA samAdhAna isa DhaMga se kiyA hai ki dhAnyarUpa ekavastu meM ekakriyA nirUpita karaNatva aura karmatva ina donoM kA virodha jo Apa batAte haiM, vaha kucha ucita hI hai, parantu yaha virodha vivakSAbheda hone para nahIM rahatA hai / eka hi dhAnyAdivastu meM jaba mAnakriyAkaraNatva kI vivakSA rahegI, taba vaha dhAnya karaNarUpa bhI kahA jAyagA aura jaba mAnakriyAkarmatva kI vivakSA rahegI taba vaha dhAnya karmarUpa bhI mAnA jAyagA isa taraha vivakSA ke bheda se eka dhAnyAdi vastu kA karaNarUpa meM anupraveza aura kriyArUpa meM anupraveza ho sakatA hai / kAraNa, vivakSAbheda rahane para karmatva karaNatva kA virodha nahIM rahatA hai / isI vivakSAbheda ke abhiprAya se 'prasthaka se dhAnya mApA jAtA hai' isa taraha ke vyavahAra meM koI bAdhA nahIM AtI hai| isa rIti se "RjusUtra" ke abhiprAya kA adhika vivecana bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai isa abhiprAya kA sUcaka "dika" zabda yahA~ para bhI prayukta hai| [prasthaka ke dRSTAnta me AkharI tIna nayoM kA abhiprAya ] ('zabdasamabhirUDha0' ityAdi) zabdanaya, samabhirUDhanaya aura evabhUtanaya prasthakopayoga arthAt-prasthaka ke jJAna ko hI prasthaka mAnate haiM usa se atirikta prasthaka ko nahIM mAnate haiM / arthakriyA kA hetu niSpanna yAnI pUrNatApanna prasthaka, jo 'RjusUtra naya' mAnatA hai, vaha ina nayoM ko mAnya nahIM hai| jisa prasthaka ke jJAna ko ye tInoM naya prasthaka mAnate

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nayarahasye prasthakadRSTAntaH pratyekamanayatvamAzaGkanIyam, tAdAtmyenobhayarUpA'samAveze'pi viSayatvatAdAtmyAbhyAM tadubhayasamAvezAt / 'viSayatvamapi kathaJcittAdAtmyamiti tu nayAntara / krUtam, tadAzrayaNena 'arthAbhidhAnapratyayAnAM tulyArthatvam' ukta iti dik / 59 haiM, vaha prasthaka kA jJAna yA to prasthakAdhikArajJAtA vyakti kA ho sakatA hai athavA prasthakakarttA vyakti kA ho sakatA hai-aisA ina nayoM kA abhiprAya hai / prasthaka ke viSaya meM ina tInoM kA abhiprAya eka hI hai / prasthaka ke kArya ko jo jAnatA hai vahI puruSa prasthakAdhikArajJAtApuruSa kahA jAtA hai / 'prasthaka kA kArya arthAt prayojana kyA hai ?' isa prazna ke samAdhAna meM ye naya yahI mAnate haiM ki dhAnya kA parimANa prasthaka kA kArya athavA prayojana athavA adhikAra zabda se kahA jAtA hai / 'prasthaka se dhAnya mApA jAtA hai' isa prakAra kA jJAna hI dhAnya parimANa ke nizcaya kA svarUpa hai / prasthaka nirmANa jo puruSa karatA hai vaha prasthakakarttA kahA jAtA hai| donoM prakAra ke puruSoM meM vidyamAna jo prasthakopayoga arthAt prasthakajJAna vahI prasthaka hai, ina tInoM nayoM ke mata kA yahI sArAMza hai / " nizcayamAnAtmaka " isa grantha se prasthakopayoga se atirikta prasthaka ko na svIkAra karane meM hetu batAyA gayA hai / 'yaha dhAnya prasthakaparimita hai' ityAkAraka nizcayamAnarUpa prasthakopayoga cetana meM hI raha sakatA hai kyoMki jJAnarUpa upayoga cetana kA hI dharma hai / pUrNatAprApta dravyaprasthaka yadi ukta upayoga kA AdhAra mAnA jAya to vaha upayoga jaDavRtti ho jAne kA atiprasaMga hogA kyoMki jJAnarUpa prasthaka jaDa meM vRtti nahIM ho sakatA hai, vaha cetana meM hI raha sakatA hai / - " bAhyaprasthakasye" ti ) zaMkA- 'dhAnya jisase mApA jAtA hai aise bAhyavastu vizeSa kA bhI prasthakapada se loka meM vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai / vaha bAhyavastuvizeSarUpa prasthaka to jaDa hI hai aura bhUtalAdi jaDapadArthoM meM hI vaha sthita rahatA hai / taba to prasthaka meM jaDavRttitva bhI sambhava hai, isakA niSedha karanA saMgata nahIM pratIta hotA hai / ' uttaraH-'mAnAdhInAmeyasiddhi:' isa niyama ke anusAra jJAnakAla meM hI bAhyaprasthaka kI sattA mAnya hai / jisa kAla meM bAhyaprasthaka kA upalambha arthAt jJAna nahIM hai usa kAla meM usakI sattA hI asiddha hai / jaba bAhyaprasthaka kA upalambha rahatA hai usI kAla meM bAhyaprasthaka kI sattA siddha rahatI hai / isa hetu se bAhya prasthaka ko bhI upayoga se bhinna ye tInoM naya nahIM mAnate haiM, kintu upayogarUpa hI mAnate haiM / ataH prasthaka meM jaDavRttitva nahIM ho sakatA hai / [ tInoM zabdAdinayoM kA jJAnAdvaitavAda meM praveza ] yadyapi "jaba jisa kA upalambha hotA hai tabhI usa kI sattA hotI hai" aisA niyama mAnane para bhI upalabhyamAna vastu kI jJAnakAla meM bAhyasvarUpa se sattA ho sakatI hai / taba upayoga se bhinna bAhyaprasthaka siddha ho sakatA hai aura usa meM jaDavRttitva bhI ho sakatA hai, taba ukta samAdhAna asaMgata jaisA lagatA hai; tathApi 'jo jisa ke sAtha upa

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upA. yazovijayaracite labdha hotA hai vaha tadurUpa hotA hai / isa niyama ke anusAra upayoga ke sAtha upalabhya mAna hone se bAhyaprasthaka upayogarUpa hI hai aisA niyama mAnakara ukta samAdhAna diyA gayA hai, isa meM koI amaMgati nahIM hai / yahA~ eka dUsarI Apatti khaDI ho sakatI hai ki 'jisa ke sAtha jo upalabdha ho vaha yadi tadarUpa mAnA jAya to bAhyaprasthaka ke jaise bAhya ghaTapaTAdi bhI upayogarUpa ho jAyege / kAraNa, ghaTAdi bhI apane upayoga ke samaya meM hI upalabdha hote haiM, to unakI bhI upayogarUpatA kyoM na hogI?' parantu isa Apatti ko svIkAra kara lene meM bhI koI hAni ina nayoM ko nahIM hai, apitu iSTApatti hai, ata eva ve ghaTAdi ko jJAnarUpa mAna lete haiM, kAraNa, ye tInoM naya Akhira to jJAnAta naya meM anupraviSTa haiN| [ jJAnAtmaka-ajJAnAtmaka ubhayarUpatA kA samAveza aviruddha ] (" na ca jJAnAjJAnAtmakatva") zaMkAH- granthakAra ne "anatirekAzrayaNAt" isa granthAMza meM AzrayaNa pada kA prayoga kiyA hai aura usa ke bAda "antataH" pada kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai, ina donoM padoM ke prayoga se yaha Azaya abhivyakta hotA hai ki bAhyaprasthaka prastuta tInoM nayoM ko jJAnAtmaka abhimata nahIM hai, aura 'jJAnAdvaita naya" ke mata se bAhyaprasthaka jJAnAtmaka siddha hotA hai| taba bAhyaprasthaka nayadvaya kA viSayIbhUta artha siddha hotA hai| kintu jJAnAtmaka aura ajJAnAtmaka, etat ubhaya viSayakatva kisI eka naya meM virodha hone ke kAraNa samAviSTa nahIM hai| taba to bAhyaprasthaka jisa naya ke mata se jJAnAtmaka hai usa naya meM nayatva nahIM AyegA aura jisa naya ke mata se bAhyaprasthaka ajJAnAtmaka hai usa naya meM bhI nayatva ke abhAva kA prasaMga hogA, kAraNa, jJAnAtmaka aura ajJAnAtmaka etat ubhayaviSayakatva kisI bhI naya ko mAnya nahIM hai / samAdhAna :-jJAnAtmaka aura ajJAnAtmaka etat ubhayarUpa viSaya kA tAdAtmya sambandha se arthAt abheda sambandha se kisI eka naya meM samAveza yadyapi nahIM ho sakatA hai tathApi viSayatA aura tAdAtmya ina sambandhoM ke ubhayarUpa kA samAveza pratyeka naya meM ho sakatA hai / tAtparya jisa naya ko bAhyaprasthaka meM jJAnAtmakatA abhimata hai usa naya ke mata se jJAna aura viSaya kA tAdAtmya sambandha mAnA jAtA hai / taba usa naya kI dRSTi se jJAnAtmakatA siddha hotI hai aura vaha naya jJAnAtmaka bAhyaprasthaka kA grAhI hotA hai, ajJAnAtmaka bAhya prasthaka kA grAhaka nahIM hotA hai| isalie ekAkAra viSayagrAhitA hone ke kAraNa usa meM nayatva hone meM koI Apatti nahIM AtI hai| aisA naya "jJAnAdvaita" naya kahA jAtA hai| tathA-jisa naya kI dRSTi se bAhyaprasthaka meM ajJAnAtmakatA (jaDatA) mAnI jAtI hai usa naya kI dRSTi se jJAna kA viSaya ke sAtha 'svanirUpitaviSayatA' hI sambandha hai| isa hetu se bAhyaprasthaka meM ajJAnAtmakatva usa naya kI dRSTi se siddha hotA hai aura vaha naya ajJAnAtmakaviSayagrAhI hone se naya bhI ho sakatA hai| isa taraha sambandhabheda se ubhayarUpa viSaya kA eka naya meM samAveza ho sakatA hai aura nayatva meM koI bAdhA bhI upasthita nahIM hotI hai| ("viSayatvamapi')-yadi zaMkA kI jAya ki-"kisI nayavizeSa kI mAnyatA ke anusAra viSaya ke sAtha jo jJAna kA viSayatva sambandha hai, vaha tAdAtmyarUpa hI hai|

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nayarahasye vasatidRSTAnta: vasatirAdhAratA sA ca yathottarazuddhAnAM naigamabhedAnAM loke, tiryagloke, jambUdvIpe bharatakSetre, taddakSiNAdhe, pATaliputre, devadattagRhe, tanmadhyagRhe cAvaseyA // atizuddhanaigamastu 'vasan vasatItyAha || isalie bAhyaprasthaka meM prasthakopayoga kA tAdAtmya hI rahegA, arthAt abheda hI rahegA / isa sthiti meM bAhyaprasthaka jJAnAtmaka hI hogA, ajJAnAtmaka to nahIM hogA / taba ubhayarUpa kA samAveza kaise hogA ? " - isa zakA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki jisa naya kI dRSTi se viSayatA tAdAtmyarUpa hai usa naya kI dRSTi se bhI kathaJcittAdAtmyarUpa hI viSayatA hogI cU~ki ekAnta tAdAtmyarUpa viSayatA mAnane meM apasiddhAnta kA prasaMga hogA aura kathaJcittAdAtmya kA honA, kathaJcit bheda ke samAveza kA virodhI nahIM hai / isalie jJAnAtmakatA aura ajJAnAtmakatA ubhayarUpa, bAhyaprasthaka meM usa naya kI dRSTi se siddha hai / isalie prasthaka meM ubhayarUpatA hai, aisA nayAntara kA bhI abhiprAya mAnA jAya to ubhayarUpa samAveza hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai / [ artha - abhidhAna - jJAna kI tulyArthatA ] ( " yadAzrayaNe" iti ) viSayatA ko kathaJcit tAdAtmyarUpa mAna karake hI 'arthAbhidhAnapratyayAnAM tulyArthatvam' aisA zAstrakAroM ne kahA hai / yahA~ arthazabda se bAhya ghaTapaTAdi rUpa artha vivakSita haiM, jo zabdajanya jJAna kA viSaya hotA hai / abhidhAna pada se arthavAcaka zabda viSakSita hai / zabdajanyajJAna kA viSaya jaise artha hotA hai, vaise zabda svayaM bhI svajanyajJAna kA viSaya hotA hai / 'zabdo'pi zAbdabodhe bhAsate' isa taraha kI mAnyatA zAstrakAroM kI hai| isa se siddha hotA hai ki zabda bhI zAbdabodha kA viSaya banatA hai / pratyaya zabda se zabdajanyabodha vivakSita hai / " tulyArtha" zabda se 'tulyazcAsau artha:' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra ' eka artha ' vivakSita hai / jisa naya ke mata se viSayatA tAdAtmyarUpa hai usa naya ke anusAra zabdajanyajJAna aura usa kA viSaya jo vaTapaTAdi rUpa bAhyArtha aura tavAcaka 'ghaTapaTAdi zabda' ye tInoM abhinna haiM / kAraNa, jJAna meM jJAnatAdAtmya svataH siddha | jJAnaviSaya artha aura zabda ina donoM meM bhI jJAnaviSayatA hone se jJAnatAdAtmya ho jAtA hai / ina tInoM meM tAdAtmya hone se abhinnatA A jAtI hai, isa Azaya se artha zabda aura zabdajanyabodha ina tInoM meM tulyArthatva kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / yahA~ 'tulyArthatva abhinnArthatvarUpa vivakSita hai' yaha dhyAna rakhanA cAhie / [prasthaka dRSTAnta samApta ] [ vasati ke dRSTAnta se naigamabhedoM kA abhiprAya ] ("vasatirAdhAratA" ityAdi) pradeza, prasthaka aura vasati ina tInoM dRSTAntoM se kramazaH naigamAdi nayoM meM apekSAkRta uttarottara vizuddhi hotI hai aisA pUrva meM kahA gayA hai / una meM pradeza aura prasthaka dRSTAnta dvArA jisa taraha apekSAkRtazuddhi nayoM meM hotI hai, vaha rIti batA dI gayI hai / aba vasati dRSTAnta se naigamAdi naya meM yatheottara apekSAkRta zuddhi jisa prakriyA se jJAta hotI hai, usa prakriyA kA agrima grantha se varNana kiyA gayA hai /

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upA. yazovijayaracite "vasati" zabda kA yahA~ AdhAratA artha vivakSita hai| "devadatta vasatA hai" isa vAkya ko sunane para zrotA ko yaha jijJAsA hotI hai ki 'devadatta kahA~ basatA hai ?' isa jijJAsA kI nivRtti ke lie aneka prakAra ke uttarabodhaka vAkya ke prayoga hote haiN| koI aisA uttara detA hai ki "devadatta loka meM basatA hai"| isa vAkya se devadatta ke nivAsa kA AdhAra 'loka' pratIta hotA hai, yaha lokarUpa AdhAra bahuta vistRta hai, loka me devadattAdhAratA bahata vyApaka hai| isI AdhAratA ke abhiprAya se 'loke vasati' aisA uttara diyA gayA hai| [naigama ke vividha abhiprAyo meM uttarottara vizuddhi ] uparyukta uttara se zrotA ko pUrNa saMtoSa nahIM hogA, use yaha AkAMkSA banI rahegI ki 'loka ke kisa vibhAga meM devadatta rahatA hai' ? kAraNa, loka to vizAla hai| isa AzaMkA kI nivRtti ke lie lokarUpa AdhAra meM kucha saMkoca kara ke uttara diyA jAtA hai ki "tiryagloka meM devadatta rahatA hai' / pUre loka meM jo AdhAratA hai usa kI apekSA tiryaglokavRtti AdhAratA kucha saMkucita avazya hai, ataH zrotA ko pUrva samAdhAna kI apekSA se isa uttara meM kucha adhika santoSa hotA hai / pUrva samAdhAna jisa naigama vizeSa ke abhiprAya se diyA gayA thA, usakI apekSA se isa naigama vizeSa meM vizuddhi spaSTarUpa se jJAta ho jAtI hai| kAraNa, saMkucita AdhAra meM isa naya kA abhiprAya hai, jisa gama ke anusAra 'tiryagloke vasati' yaha uttara diyA gayA hai| parantu isa uttara se bhI zaMkA banI rahatI hai ki tiryaglokAntargata asakhya dvIpasamudra haiN| unameM se 'kisa dvIpa meM vasatA hai ?' isa zaMkA kI nivRtti ke lie 'jambUdvIpe vasati' arthAt 'jambUdvIpa meM devadatta rahatA hai' aisA uttara diyA jAtA hai / yaha uttara "tiryagloke vasati" isa uttara kI apekSA saMkucita AdhAra viSayaka hai / isalie yaha negamavizeSa pUrva naigamavizeSa kI apekSA vizuddhiyukta hai / parantu jambudvIpa meM bhI bahuta se kSetra haiM, una kSetroM meM se kisa kSetra meM devadatta basatA hai, isa taraha kI AkAMkSA banI rahatI hai| isa AkAMkSA kI nivRtti "bharatakSetre vasati" arthAt "bharata kSetra meM devadatta basatA hai" isa uttara se ho jAtI hai, kyoMki jambudvIpagata AdhAratA kI apekSA se saMkucita AdhAratA isa uttara meM pratIta hotI hai| isa hetu se yaha uttara jisa naigama vizeSa ke abhiprAya se pravRtta huA hai usa naigama vizeSa meM pUrva naMgama vizeSa kI apekSA se vizuddhi khyAla meM A jAtI hai| tathApi bharata kSetra ke bhI do bhAga haiM, dakSiNArdha aura uttarArdha bharata, ina donoM bhAgoM meM se kisa bhAga meM devadatta basatA hai, isa taraha kI AkAMkSA dUra nahIM hotI hai / isako dUra karane ke lie bharata kSetra ke dakSiNArdhabhAga meM devadatta basatA hai / isa taraha uttara diyA jAtA hai / yaha uttara jisa nagama vizeSa ke abhiprAya se diyA jAtA hai usa naigamavizeSa meM pUrva naigama-vizeSApekSayA vizuddhi spaSTa pratIta ho jAtI hai / kAraNa bharatakSetragata AdhAratA kI apekSA se dakSiNArdhagata AdhAratA saMkucita hai / yahA~ bhI yaha AkAMkSA hotI hai ki 'dakSiNArdha ke kisa nagara meM devadatta basatA hai ?' kyoMki, bharata kSetra ke dakSiNArdha meM bahuta se nagara haiM, isakI

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63 nayarahasye vasatidRSTAntaH nivRtti ke lie 'pATaliputre vasati' aisA javAba diyA jAtA hai / pATaliputra nagara abhI paTanA ke nAma se prasiddha hai, yaha uttara jisa nagama vizeSa ke abhiprAya se pravRtta huA hai, usa naigamavizeSa meM pUrvanaigama vizeSoM kI apekSA se vizuddhi kA spaSTa bhAna hotA hai, kyoMki bharata kSetra ke dakSiNArdhabhAga meM jo AdhAratA hai, tadapekSayA pATaliputragata AdhAratA saMkucita hai / parantu isa uttara ko sunane para bhI kisI zrotA ko yaha AkAMkSA to jAgRta hI rahatI hai ki 'pATalIputra ke kisa gRha meM devadatta basatA hai ?' kyoMki pATaliputra meM bahuta se ghara haiM / isa AkAMkSA kI zAnti ke lie 'devadattagRhe vasati' yaha uttara pravRtta hotA hai / yaha uttara jisa naigamAbhiprAya se diyA gayA hai vaha naigamavizeSa pUrva naigamoM kI apekSA vizuddha hai aisA jAna paDatA hai, kyoMki devadattagRhagata AdhAratA hI isameM viSaya hai, jo pATaliputragata AdhAratA kI apekSA bahuta nyUna hai / tathApi kisI ko devadatta ke ghara meM pUrvabhAga, pazcimabhAga, uttarabhAga, dakSiNabhAga, madhyabhAga unameM se kisa bhAga meM basatA hai ? isa taraha kI AkAMkSA vidyamAna hI rahatI hai / isakI nivRtti ke lie "devadatamadhyagRhe devadattaH vasati" aisA uttara diyA jAtA hai / isakA artha yaha hai ki devadatta ke gRha meM jo madhyabhAga hai usI meM devadatta rahatA hai / isa uttara se zrotA kI vaha AkAMkSA nivRtta ho jAtI hai / yaha uttara jisa nagama vizeSa ke abhiprAya se pravRtta hotA hai vaha nagama pUrva naigmoM kI apekSA se vizuddha hai kyoMki isameM devadattagRha ke madhyabhAga meM jo AdhAratA hai vahI pratIta hotI hai / vaha AdhAratA devadattagRhagata AdhAratA se atinyUna hai / parantu ukta sabhI naigamavizeSoM meM pUrva-pUrva kI apekSA se uttarottara meM vizuddhi hone para bhI avizuddhi rahatI hI hai kyoMki ina sabhI meM upacAra kA Azraya lenA paDatA hai / anya ke dharma kA anya meM Aropa karanA hI 'upacAra' padArtha hai / usake vinA Dhoke vasati" ityAdi uttaroM kI niSpatti hI nahIM ho sakatI hai| kAraNa, sampUrNa loka, tiryagloka, jambUdvIpa ityAdi meM devadatta kI AdhAratA sambhavita nahIM hai / 'devadatta AdhAratA' devadattapratiyogikasa yogAnu gitArUpa hai, athavA tadarUpeNa pariNata gRhamadhyakSetrarUpa hai / vaha sampUrNaloka meM athavA tiryaglokAdi meM sambhavita nahIM hai / isalie loka, tiryagloka, jambudvIpa, ityAdi meM gRhamadhyabhAgatva kA Aropa karake hI "loke vasati" ityAdi uttara pravRtta hote haiM / loka, tiryagloka, ityAdi kA gRhamadhyabhAga avayava hai aura ets are rarvI haiM / ataH avayavI meM avayava dharma kA Aropa ina uttaroM meM hotA hai / isalie ye uttara avizuddhiyukta mAne jAte haiM / "atizuddha naigama" kI dRSTi se " madhyagRhe vasati" yaha uttara bhI avizuddhiyukta hI hai / kAraNa vaha devadatta jisa samaya nivAsa kA anubhava madhyagRha meM karatA hai usa samaya meM hI madhya gRha devadattAdhAratA ko mAnatA hai, anya samaya meM nahIM mAnatA hai / isalie "madhyagRhe vasati" isa uttara kI pravRtti bhI upacAra se hI hotI hai / nivAsAnubhavakAlIna madhyagRhatva kA madhyagRha meM Aropa hI yahA~ upacAra hai / jisa kAla meM mavyagRha meM nivAsAnubhava devadatta ko hotA hai tatkAlIna madhyagRhatva tatkAlIna madhyagRha kA apanA dharma hai, Aropita dharma nahIM,

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64 upA. yazovijayaracite nanvAdhAratA''dhArasvarUpA tatsaMyogasvarUpA vA, ubhayathApi gRhakoNa iva loke'pyekakSetratayA tadavizeSAt kiM vizuddhitAratamyaM, na hyatra prasthakanyAyavadvauNamukhya viSayakRto vizeSo'stIti cet ? satyam , devadattasaMyogaparyAyapariNatagRhakoNakSetrasyAkhaNDa kSetrAddharmabhedAvezena pRthakakRtasya yathAramaM gurugurutaraviSaye'bhedopacAreNa vizuddhayapakarSasambhavAt , anyathA 'loke vasAmI'tyanvayasyaivAnupapattiH, na hi kRtsne loke devadattavasatirasti, na ca vinopacAraM kRtsnalokarUDhAllokapadAttaddezopasthitirasti / 'hantaivaM vRkSe kapisaMyoga ityatrApyupacAraH syAditi cet ? kaH kimAha, syAdeva / isalie 'vasan vasati' 'nivAsa kAla meM madhyagRha meM devadatta basatA hai' yaha uttara upacAra rahita hone se atizuddha naMgamavizeSa ko aisA hI uttara mAnya hai| ___ (nanvAdhArateti) yahA~ para yaha AzaMkA uThatI hai ki 'AdhAratA ko yadi AdhAra svarUpa mAne athavA AdhAra kA jo Adheya ke sAtha saMyoga hai, tatsvarUpa mAne, ina donoM pakSa meM, gRha koNAdigata AdhAratA aura lokagata AdhAratA ina donoM meM kucha vizeSa to nahIM dIkhatA hai / donoM AdhAratAe~ samAnarUpa se pratIta hotI haiM, tathA gRhakoNAdi ye donoM AdhAratvarUpa samAnadharmatayA pratIta hote haiM kyoMki gRhakoNAdi aura loka ye donoM eka hI kSetra haiM, taba 'loke vasati, gRhakoNe vasati' ityAdi meM vizuddhitAratamya kisa nimitta se mAnA jAya ? yadi kahA jAya ki "prasthaka ke paramparayA kAraNa vanagamanAdi se abhimuga bane kASTha Adi meM kAryaprasthaka kA upacAra hotA hai isalie vanagamana Adi rUpa prasthaka gauNa hai aura kAryaprasthaka meM upacAra nahIM karanA paDatA hai, isalie kArya prasthaka mukhya hai / vanagamana meM jo prasthaka kA vyapadeza hotA hai usakA viSaya prasthaka gauNa hai, aura kAryaprasthaka meM jo prasthaka kA vyapadeza hotA hai usakA viSaya mukhyaprasthaka hai / isa taraha gauNa aura mukhya viSaya ke nimitta se hI vanagamana Adi meM prasthaka vyapadeza aura mukhya prasthaka meM prasthaka vyapadeza meM vizuddhitAratamya hai / usI taraha "loke vasati" "gRhakoNe vasati" meM bhI gauNa mukhya viSaya hI vizuddhitAratamya kA nimitta bana sakatA hai / " kintu aisA yahA~ nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki gRhakoNa Adi aura loka ye donoM eka hI kSetra haiM / yahA~ gauNa mukhya viSaya hai hI nahIM / kAraNa eka hI kSetra meM gauNatva aura mukhyatva ina donoM viruddha dharmoM kA sambhava nahIM hai| ("satyami"ti) prastuta grantha se pUrvokta zaMkA kA samAdhAna diyA jAtA hai| yahA~ 'satyam' pada ardhasvIkAra artha meM prayukta huA hai, isa kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jisa rIti se Apane vicAra kiyA hai usa rAti se vicAra karane para vizuddhi tAratamya kA nimitta dekhane meM nahIM AtA hai yaha bAta sava hai, kiMtu sUkSma dRSTa se tAratamya kA nimitta avazya buddhigata hotA hai / jaite "syAdvAda' siddhAnta meM devadata aura gRhakoNa kA saMyoga guNarUpa nahIM hai, kiMtu gRhakoNa ke paryAyarUpa hai / 'yadyapi vaizeSika siddhAnta" meM saMyoga

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nayarahasye vasatidRSTAntaH 65 guNarUpa mAnA gayA hai, tathApi " syAdvAdI" ko vaha siddhAnta mAnya nahIM hai / gRhakoNa kSetra kA pariNAma hI saMyoga haiN| isalie gRhakoNa ke sAtha devadatta kA saMyoga gRhakoNa kSetra kA paryAya hI hai / devadattasaMyogAtmaka paryAyarUpa se gRhakoNakSetra hI pariNata huA hai / vaisA gRhakoNakSetra lokarUpa akhaNDakSetra se bhinna hai kyoMki akhaNDakSetra adhika AkAzapradeza ko vyApta karatA hai aura gRhako kSetra bahuta alpaAkAzapradeza ko vyApta karatA hai / isalie donoM kSetra meM viruddha dharma hai / eka meM adhikAkAzapradezavyApakatva dharma hai aura dUsare meM 'alpAkAzapradezavyApakatva' dharma hai / dharma ke bheda se dharmI kA bheda mAnA jAtA hai isalie akhaNDakSetra se gRhakoNakSetra bhinna siddha hotA hai / taba gRhakoNapradeza kI apekSA madhyagRhapradeza gurutara hogA, arthAt adhika hogA / madhyagRhapradeza kI apekSA se sampUrNagRhapradeza gurutara hogA / sampUrNa gRhapradeza kI apekSA se pATaliputra kA pradeza gurutara yAnI adhika hogA / isa krama se loka kA pradeza arthAt akhaNDa kSetra kA pradeza saba se gurutama hogA / una guru-gurutara- gurutama pradeza viziSTa kSetroM meM paraspara bheda hone para bhI lokakSetra meM gRhako kSetra ke abheda kA Aropa kara ke "loke vasati" yaha prayoga hotA hai / tiryaglokakSetra meM bhI gRhakoNakSetra kA abhedAropa kara ke "tiryagloke vasati" aisA prayoga hotA hai / isI taraha jambUdvApa bharatakSetra ityAdi meM bhI gRhakoNakSetra kA abheda Aropa karake hI "jambUdvIpe vasati" ityAdi prayoga hotA hai / "gRhakoNe vasati" isa prayoga meM abheda kA Aropa nahIM karanA paDatA, kyoMki gRhakoNa meM gRhakoNa kSetra kA abheda vAstavika rUpa se rahatA hI hai / jahA~ jo vastu na ho usameM usakI buddhi kA honA hI upacAra padArtha hai / yaha upacAra "gRhakoNe vasati" isa prayoga meM nahIM hai / isalie yaha prayoga atyanta vizuddhi yukta hai / atizuddha naigama ke abhiprAya se yadyapi yaha prayoga bhI atyanta vizuddhiyukta nahIM hai kyoMki atizuddha vaigama jisa kAla meM gRhako meM caitra nivAsa karatA ho usI kAla meM "gRhakoNe vasati" isa prayoga ko atyanta vizuddhiyukta mAnatA hai, jisa kAla meM nivAsa nahIM karatA kintu anya deza meM caitra sthita hai usa kAla meM bhI "gRhakoNe vasati" aisA prayoga nahIM karatA hai / tathApi 'loke vasati' isa prayoga kI apekSA 'gRhakoNe vasati' yaha prayoga atyanta vizuddhiyukta hai / 'gRhako vasati' isa meM jo vizuddhi hai usa kI apekSA "madhyagRhe vasati" isa meM apakRSTa vizuddhi hai | "madhyagRhe vasati" isameM jo vizuddhi hai usakI apekSA se "gRhe vasati" isa meM kucha kama vizuddhi hai, tadapekSayA "pATaliputre vasati" isa meM kucha kama vizuddhi hai / isa taraha vizuddhi ke tAratamya kA vizrAma "loke vasati" isa meM hai kyoMki isa meM sabase nyUnatama vizuddhi rahatI hai / isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki lokAtmaka akhaNDakSetra tiryaga lokAdi sakhaNDakSetroM kI apekSA bahuta vizAla hai aura usa meM atisaMkucita gRhako kSetra ke abheda kA upacAra hai / isa taraha sUkSma vicAra karane para vizuddhi tAratamya kA hetubhUta vizeSa avazya dRSTi meM A jAtA hai / vaha vizeSa yahI hai ki guru, gurutara viSayavAle kSetroM meM gRhakoNa kA upacAra karanA paDatA hai / yadi upacAra nahIM mAnA jAya to "loke 9 kSetra ke abheda vasAmi" isa

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upA. yazovijayaracite ____ 'kAnyavinirmokeNAnvayopapattau kimupacAreNe ti cet ? dezAgrahe tadvinirmoka eva katham ? 'padazaktyanupagrahAditi cet ? na, skandhaparasya vRkSapadasyaikatvapariNatirUpaskandhapadArthanaivopagrahAt / 'bhedavinila Thita eva vRkSapadArtha AzrIyata' iti cet ? na anubhavabAdhena tathAzrayaNA'yogAditi dik / prayoga meM loka padArtha aura nivAsa padArtha kA jo AdhArAdheyabhAva se anvaya hotA hai vaha nahIM ho skegaa| kAraNa, samagra lokakSetra meM devadatta kA nivAsa nahIM hai aura samagra lokakSetra meM rUDhiyukta lAka pada se gRhakoNakSetra kI upasthiti bhI upacAra kie vinA nahIM ho sakatI hai kyoMki padArtha kI upasthiti padazakti se hI hotI hai / 'loka' pada zakti gRhakoNakSetrarUpa padArtha meM nahIM hai / taba gRhakoNakSetrarUpa padArtha kI upasthiti vinA gRhakoNa padArtha aura nivAsa padArtha kA anvaya kisa taraha ho sakatA hai ? isalie lokapada kI rUDhi (zakti) se upasthita akhaNDakSetrarUpa lokapadArtha meM gRhakoNakSetra padArtha kA abhedopacAra karake hI "loke vasati" ityAdi vyapadeza ho sakatA hai| ('hantavam' iti) yahA~ para yaha zaMkA uThatI hai ki "loke vasati" ityAdi prayoga jaise upacAra se hI hotA hai vaise 'vRkSe kapisaMyogaH' yahA~ bhI upacAra mAnanA Avazyaka hogA / kAraNa, sampurNa vRkSa meM sayoga nahIM hai, arthAt kapi kI AdhAratA nahIM hai| vRkSAvayava zAkhA meM kapisa yoga yadyapi hai, parantu vRkSapada kI rUDhi sampUrNa vRkSa meM hI hai / isalie vRkSapada se vRkSAvayava zAkhA kI upasthiti nahIM ho sakatI / taba to vRkSa padArtha kA kapisayoga padArtha ke sAtha AdhArAdheya bhAva sambandha se anvaya sambhavita nahIM hai / upacAra mAnane para vRkSapada upasthita samagra vRkSa meM vRkSAvayava zAkhA kA abhedAropa hone para AdhArAdheya bhAva sambandha se anvaya ho sakatA hai ataH upacAra mAnanA Avazyaka hogaa|' ("kaH kimAha") ukta zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki upacAra karanA paDegA yaha Apatti hI hamAre prati tabhI de sakate haiM, yadi hama 'vRkSe kavisayogaH' isa sthala meM upacAra nahIM mAnane kI pratijJA karate, parantu yaha vastusthiti nahIM hai, kyoMki hama yahA~ bhI upacAra ko svIkAra karate haiM / isalie upacAra kI Apatti aniSTa nahIM hai, kintu iSTa hI hai arthAt "vRkSe kapisayogaH" yahA~ hamAre mata se upacAra hI hotA hai| [samagratA ko tyAga dene se vinA upacAra anvaya hone kI zakA kA uttara ] ("kAtyavinirmokeNa" iti-) yadi yaha zaMkA kI jAya ki-"vRkSa kapisa yogaH" isa sthala meM vRkSa pada kI zakti se samagravRkSa kI upasthiti yadyapi hotI hai, usa dazA meM kapisayoga ke sAtha vRkSapadArtha kA AdhArAdheyabhAva sambandha se anvaya sambhavita nahIM hai yaha bhI satya hai, tathApi vRkSa padopasthita vRkSapadArtha meM vizeSaNIbhUta kAtsnya arthAt samagratA kA vinirmoka arthAt tyAga kara dege taba vRkSaikadeza gAgvA kA hI bodha hogA, taba vRkSaikadeza zAkhA kA kapisa yoga ke sAtha AdhArAdhe bhAva sambandha se anvaya hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai, taba to upacAra ke binA bhI anvaya siddha ho sakatA hai,

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nayarahasye vasatidRSTAntaH prayoge "kva" ityAdyAkAMkSAbAhulyA'bAhulyakRtaM vizuddhaya vizuddhivaicitryam / ata eva 'vasan vasatI'ti prayogasya vyuparatAkAMkSatvAt sarvavizuddhanaigamabhedatvam-ityapi vadanti / to phira yahA~ upacAra mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ?'-to yaha AzaMkA bhI tattvadRSTi se vicAra karane para saGgata nahIM hai| kAraNa, vRkSa padArtha meM jaba taka zAkhA rUpa deza kA Aropa na kiyA jAya arthAt upacAra nahIM hogA taba taka vRkSa padArtha meM vizeSaNIbhUta samagratA kA vinimaMki bhI kaise ho sakegA? isalie upacAra bhAnanA Avazyaka hai| ___yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'vRkSapada kI zakti se kAtsya kA vinika upacAra ke binA bhI ho sakatA hai|'-to yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki vRkSapada kI zakti se samagratA kA grahaNa na hone para vRkSapada skandhamAtra kA bodhaka hogA / skandha yaha vRkSa kA jo ekatva pariNAma, tadurUpa hI hai aura vahI vRkSapadArtha hai| isa dazA meM vaha skandha vRkSa kA ekadeza hai arthAt avayava hai| avayava avayavI ke binA nahIM ho sakatA hai / samudAyaekadeza kA samudAya ke binA honA sambhavita nahIM hai| isalie skandha rUpa padArtha se hI dezasamadAyarUpakAtsnya kA upagraha ho jaaygaa| ataH upacAra Ava zyaka hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"vRkSapada kA artha hama akhaNDa vRkSa hI mAnate haiM, skandha-zAkhAdi bheda vRkSa ke artha meM praviSTa nahIM mAnate haiM / taba skandharUpa ekadeza vRkSapada kA artha na hogA aura skandharUpa ekadeza se samudAyarUpa kAtsya kA AkSepa nahIM hogA / taba to kAtsya kA vinirmoka svataH siddha ho jAtA hai / isa sthiti meM kapisaMyoga ke sAtha andhaya hone meM bAdhA nahIM dIkhatI hai, upacAra mAnanA Avazyaka nahIM hai / " -to yaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki bhedavinirmukta 'akhaNDa vRkSa' vRkSapada kA artha hai aisA mAnane meM anubhava kA vAdha AtA hai / mUla zAkhAdi bhedoM se yukta avayavI vRkSa kA bodha vRkSapada sunane ke bAda hotA hai, isa taraha kA anubhava pratyeka vyakti ko hai| aisA anubhava hone para anubhavaviruddha 'akhaNDavRkSa vRkSa pada kA artha hai' aisA nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / ataH "vRkSe kapisaMyogaH" yahA~ para bhI upacAra mAne binA anvaya sambhavita nahIM hai / isalie upacAra mAnanA Avazyaka hI hai| [ 'kahA~ ?' aisI AkAMkSA ke alpabahutva se vizuddhi vaicitrya-anya mata ] ('prayoge "kva" ityAdi -) anya vidvAnoM kA vizuddhitaratamatA ke bAre meM yaha mata hai ki "loke vasati" "tiryagloke vasati" ityAdi pUrva kathita prayogoM meM vizuddhi kA tAratamya dharma bheda se vibhinna tattat kSetroM meM gRhakoNa kSetra kA abhedAropa kara ke batAyA gayA hai / aba dUsare prakAra se bhI tAratamya kA upapAdana ho sakatA hai, isa abhiprAya se prakRta grantha kI pravRtti huI hai / vaha dUsarA prakAra yaha hai ki 'kahA~ ?' aisI AkAMkSA kA bAhulya yAnI adhikatA jisa prayoga meM ho usa prayoga meM adhika avizuddhi hotI hai| jisameM ukta AkAMkSA kA abAhulya arthAt nyUnatA ho usa prayoga meM vizuddhi hotI hai| yaha vizuddhi apekSAkRta hai / jaise-'loke vasati' isa

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upA. yazovijaya racite vyavahAre'pyayamevAnusaraNIyaH panthAH / nanvatra kathaM 'vasan vasatI 'ti bhedaH, pATaliputrAdanyatra gatasyApi pATaliputravAsitvenaiva vyavahArAditi cet ? satyam, tatra bahukAla pratibaddhatadgatagRha kuTumbasvAmitvAdyarthe vA sitvapadopacAreNa tathA prayogAt / prayoga ko sunane para yaha AkAMkSA hotI hai ki loka to UrdhvAdi aneka haiM, unameM se kisa loka meM basatA hai ? isa AkAMkSA kI nivRtti ke lie yadi kahA jAya ki 'tiryagloke vasati' to isa prayoga ko sunane para bhI zrotA ko yaha AkAMkSA avazya hotI hai ki tiryagloka meM to asaMkhya dvIpa haiM, unameM se kisa dvIpa meM basatA hai ? isa AkAMkSA kI nivRtti ke lie yadi kaha de ki 'jambUdvIpe vasati' to bhI nirAkAMkSa bodha nahIM hotA hai kyoMki jambUdrIpa meM bahuta se kSetra haiM, unameM se kisa kSetra meM vasatA hai ! aisI AkAMkSA zrotA ko ho hI jAtI hai| isakI nivRtti ke lie yadi yaha kahA jAya ki 'bharatakSetre vasati' to isa vAkya ke sunane para bhI yaha AkAMkSA avazya hotI hai ki bharata kSetra ke to do bhAga haiM- uttarArddha aura dakSiNAddha, unameM se kisa bhAga meM basatA hai ? isa AkAMkSA kI nivRtti ke lie kaheM 'bharatadakSiNA vasati' tathApi bharata kSetra ke dakSiNA meM bahuta se nagara haiM, unameM se kisa nagara meM vasatA hai ? yaha AkAMkSA utpanna hotI hai / isa AkAMkSA kI nivRtti ke lie 'pATaliputrana gare vasati' aisA prayoga kare to bhI pATaliputra nagara meM to bahuta se ghara haiM, unameM se kisa ghara meM vasatA hai ? isa AkAMkSA ko dUra karane ke lie yadi kahe ki 'devadattagRhe vasati' tathApi yaha AkAMkSA avazya jAgRta hotI hai ki devadatta ke ghara meM to aneka vibhAga haiM, unameM se kauna se vibhAga meM vasatA hai ? isakI nivRtti ke lie yadi kahA jAya 'madhyagRhe vasati' taba koI AkAMkSA nahIM hotI hai aura nirAkAMkSa bodha hotA hai| yahAM "tiryagloke vasati" isa prayoga ke bAda jaba taka nirAkAMkSa bodha nahIM hotA hai taba taka bhinna-bhinna AkAMkSAe~ hotI rahatI haiN| "tiryagloke vasati" isa prayoga ke bAda jo AkAMkSAe~ hotI haiM, ve 'loke vasati' isa prayoga ke bAda hone vAlI AkAMkSAoM se alpa haiM / isalie "loke vasati" isa prayoga meM AkAMkSAoM kI adhikatA hai / ataH isa prayoga meM saba se adhika avizuddhi hai / tadapekSayA "tiryagloke vasati" isa prayoga meM alpa avizuddhi hai kyoMki yahA~ AkAMkSA kI mAtrA kucha alpa hai / isI taraha "jambUdvIpe vasati" isa prayoga meM "tiryagloke vasati" isa prayoga kI apekSA AkAMkSA alpa hai, isalie avizuddhi alpa hai / isI rIti se anya prayogoM meM bhI jisakI apekSA se jisa meM AkAMkSA kA Adhikya jAna paDe usakI apekSA se usameM adhika avizuddhi jAnanI cAhie, tathA jisa prayoga meM jisa prayoga kI apekSA se AkAMkSA kI alpatA pratIta ho usa prayoga kI apekSA se alpAkAMkSAvAle prayoga meM vizuddhi bhI samajhanI cAhie / AkAMkSA kI adhikatA aura nyUnatA se hI avizuddhi aura vizuddhi ke tAratamya kA nizcaya hotA hai / isI se hI 'vasan vasati' yaha prayoga sabase vizuddha naigamakA bheda mAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki "vasan vasati" isa prayoga ke bAda koI bhI prakAra kI AkAMkSA nahIM uThatI hai / isalie " vasan vasati" isa prayoga se zrotA ko nirAkAMkSa bodha hotA hai, isa rIti se bhI vizuddhi aura avizuddhi meM vaicitrya kA upapAdana ho sakatA hai / 68

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nayarahasye vasatidRSTAntaH [ vasati ke dRSTAnta meM vyavahAranaya kA abhiprAya ] (vyavahAre'pyayameve"-tyAdi-) "vasati" dRSTAnta se guru gurutara viSayavAle naigama bhedoM meM jaise upacAra ke kAraNa avizuddhi kA tathA alpa alpatara viSaya vAle nagama bhedoM meM apekSika vizuddhi kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai, usI rIti se guru gurutara viSaya "vyavahAranaya' ke bhedoM meM bhI upacAra hone ke kAraNa ApekSika avizaddhi kA vimarza karanA cAhie tathA alpa alpatara viSaya vAle "vyavahAranaya ke bhedoM meM pUrvapUrva kI apekSA se uttarottara bhedoM meM vizuddhi kA vimarza karanA cAhie. arthAt vizuddhi kA apakarSa aura utkarSa samajJane ke lie tathA avizuddhi kA apakarSa aura utkarSa samajhane ke lie eka hI mArga kA Azraya naigama naya ke bhedoM meM aura vyavahAra naya ke bhedoM meM karanA caahie| [ vyavahAranaya meM 'vasana vasati' isa bheda para Apatti kI zaMkA ] ("nanvati"-) yadi yahA~ zaMkA uThe ki-"atizuddhanaigama naya" kA vartamAna kAlIna "vasati' ke abhiprAya se "vasana vasati" yaha bheda mAnA gayA hai / yaha bheda vyavahAra naya meM nahIM ho sakatA hai / kAraNa, loka meM jaisA vyavahAra hotA hai, vaisA hI vyavahAranaya mAnatA hai / loka meM to yadi vartamAna kAla meM anya sthAna meM koI vasatA ho, to bhI pUrva kAlIna vAsa ko lekara pUrvakAlIna vAsa kA Azraya jo sthAna, tadvAsitvena vyavahAra dekhane meM AtA hai / jaise-pATaliputra meM vAsa karane vAlA devadatta pATaliputra se anyatra kucha prayojana vaza prayAgAdi meM gayA ho, to bhI prayAgAdi ke loka usako yaha pATaliputra vAsI hai aisA hI vyavahAra karate haiM usa samaya devadatta meM pATaliputravAsa vartamAna nahIM hai / taba "vyavahAra naya" meM bhI avizuddhi aura vizuddhi kA jJAna karane ke lie naMgamanaya se svIkRta mArga kA AzrayaNa karanA cAhiye'--yaha kathana abhaMgata pratIta hotA hai|"-- [ anyatra gata vyakti meM pATaliputravAsitva vyavahAra aupacArika-uttara ] ("satyam"-) to isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki pATaliputra meM vAsa na karatA ho usa kAla meM bhI 'yaha pATaliputravAsI hai' aisA vyavahAra jo hotA hai usakA hama bhI svIkAra karate haiM sarvathA niSedha nahIM karate haiM, kintu prayAgasthita devadatta meM pATaliputravAmitva kA vyavahAra jo loka meM hotA hai vaha makhya vyavahAra nahIM hai kinta vaha vyava hAra upacAra se hotA hai / devadatta meM cirakAla se saMbaddha jo pATaliputragata gRhasvAmitva aura pATaliputragata kuTumbasvAmitva hai usakA prayAgavAsItva meM Aropa kara ke pATaliputravAsI pada kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai / yahA~ "Adi" pada se pATaliputrarUDhavyavahAratva, pATaliputragata khyAtimattva ityAdi kA sUcana kiyA gayA hai kyoMki cirakAla taka pATaliputra meM basane se loga vahI vyavahAra karate haiM ki 'yaha pATaliputra kA vAsI hai'| tathA pATaliputra meM adhika kAla basane se vahA~ usakI prasiddhi ho gaI ho to prayAga meM basate samaya meM bhI loka caitrAdi meM 'yaha pATaliputra kA vAsI hai' yaha vyavahAra karate haiM / ye sabhI vyavahAra upacAra se hI hote haiM isalie gauNa hI haiM, mukhya to nahIM haiM /

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70 upA. yazovijayaracite vastuto 'vasanneva vasatI'ti vyavahAreNA'pyabhyupagamAt , anyathA 'nAdya sotra vasatI'ti vyavahAro na syAt / vyavahArabalavattvA'balavattve tvabhyAsAnabhyAsAdhIne iti nAtra nirbalatvA''zaGkApi yukteti dik // saGgrahastu saMstArakArUDha eva 'vasatI'tyabhyupaiti, anyatra hi vAsArtha eva tasya na ghaTate / na cAyaM prAgvadupacAramapyAzrayate / ata eva 'mUle vRkSaH kapisaMyogI'tyatrApyetanmate 'malAbhinno vRkSaH kapisaMyogI'tyevArtha iti dik // ("vastuto" ityAdi -) vAstava meM to sarva vizuddha naigama vizeSa kI bhA~ti vyavahAranaya meM bhI caitrAdi jaba pATaliputrAdi kSetra meM jisa sthala meM jisa kAla meM vAsa karatA hai, usI kAla meM 'yahA~ yaha vasatA hai aisA vyavahAra mAnya hai aura yahI vyavahAra mukhya hai| nivAsakAla meM hI 'yahA~ yaha basatA hai aisA vyavahAra yadi vyavahAranaya ko mAnya na ho to vaha Aja yahA~ nahIM basatA hai' aisA vyavahAra jo hotA hai vaha upapanna nahIM hogaa| vAsakAla meM hI visati' yaha vyavahAra mAnya kara lene se jaba catra kAryavazAt kahIM anyatra gayA ho taba 'Aja vaha yahA~ nahIM basatA hai aisA vyavahAra hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hotA hai / yadi kahe ki-'prayAgAdi anyasthAnagata caitrAdi meM jo 'yaha pATaliputra kA vAsI hai aisA vyavahAra hotA hai vahI bAdhaka hogaa| isalie 'vaha Aja yahA~ nahIM basatA hai' yaha vyavahAra na honA hI ucita hai'-to yaha ThAka nahIM hai kyoMki bAdhyabAdhakabhAva vahA~ hotA hai jahA~ eka durbala aura dUsarA prabala ho / vyavahAra meM jo durbalatA aura prabalatA hotI hai vaha vyavahAra kI alpatA aura adhikatA prayukta hI hotI hai / vyavahArA lpatA ko hI zAstrakAra "anabhyAsa" zabda se saMbodhita karate haiM aura vyavahAra kA jo Adhikya use abhyAsa zabda se saMbodhita karate haiN| yahA~ donoM vyavahAra pracuratayA loka meM pAe jAte haiM / isalie koI bhI durbala athavA prabala nahIM hai / ataH 'vaha Aja yahA~ nahIM vasatA hai' isa vyavahAra meM durbalatA kI AkAMkSA karanA yukta nahIM hai| [ vasati ke dRSTAnta meM saMgrahanaya kA abhiprAya ] ("saMgrahastu" ityAdi) saMgrahanaya ke mata se saMstAraka para ArUDha arthAt gRhasthita bichaune para devadatta jisa kAla meM bauThA ho usa sthiti meM hI devadatta meM 'vasati' zabda kA prayoga honA svIkArya hai / jo saMstAraka para baiThA nahIM hai. aise-devadatta meM 'vAsa' zabdArtha hI nahIM ghaTatA hai / 'vAsa' zabda kA artha AdhAratA hai / vaha AdhAratA AdheyatA se nitya sAkAMkSa hotI hai / isalie gRhavRtti AdhAratA devadattAdivRtti AdheyatA se nirUpita hotI hai / devadattAdivRtti AdheyatA bhI AdhAratA meM sadA sAkAMkSa rahatI hai, isalira vaha bhI gRhavRtti AdhAratA se nirUpita hotI hai / isI hetu se gRha aura devadatta meM adhArAdheyabhAva siddha hotA hai / devadattAdi meM gRhAdheyatva hI 'vAsa' zabda kA artha hai / vaha saMstArakArUDha devadattAdi meM hI ghaTatA hai, jo saMstArakArUDha nahIM hai, aise puruSa meM gRhAdheyatva sambhava nahIM hai, yaha saMgraha naya kA abhiprAya hai / zaGkAH- naigama

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nayarahasye vasatidRSTAnta: RjusUtrastu-yeSvAkAzapradezeSu devadatto'vagADhasteSveva tadvAsamabhyupaiti / saMstArake tadvasatyupagame tu gRhakoNAdAvapi tadupagamaprasaGgaH / saMstArakAvacchinnavyomapradeze tu saMstAraka evAvagADho na tu devadatto'pIti na tatrApi tadvasatibhaNitiH / saMstArakagRhakoNAdau devadattavasativyavahArastu pratyAsattidoSAd bhraantimuulkH| vivakSitAkAzapradezeSvapi ca vartamAnasamaya eva devadattavasati tItAnAgatayoH, tayorasatvAt , pratisamayaM calopakaraNatayA tAvadAkA pradezamAtrAvagAhanA'sambhavAcceti dik / aura vyavahAranaya ke mata meM jaise-saMstArakArUDhabhinna puruSa meM gRhAdheyatvarUpa yAsArtha upacAra se saGgata mAnA jAtA hai, usI rIti se saMgraha naya meM bhI saMstArakArUDhabhinna puruSa meM vAsArtha saGgata ho sakatA hai, to saMgrahanaya usakA svIkAra kyoM nahIM karatA hai ? samAdhAnaH-"sagrahanaya" upacAra ko mAnatA hI nahIM hai| isalie sastArakArUDha bhinna puruSa meM vAsArtha nahIM saGgata ho sakatA hai / yahA~ zaGkA:- saGagraha yadi upacAra kA nahIM Azraya karatA hai, taba "mUla meM vRkSa kapisaMyogavAn hai" aisA vAkyaprayoga jo hotA hai vaha saMgraha ke mata meM kaise hogA, kyoMki samagravRkSa meM to kapisaMyoga nahIM hai| samAdhAnaH-saMgraha ke mata meM 'mUladeza se abhinna jo vRkSa vaha kapisaMyogavAn hai,' yahI artha grAhya hai / "mUle vRkSaH kapisaMyogI" isa vAkya meM mUla pado tara saptamI vibhakti kA abheda artha saMgraha mAnatA hai / isalie pUrvokta artha hI isa ke mata meM mAnA jAtA hai / mUla padotara saptamI vibhakti kA avacchedakatva artha mAnakara "gulAvacchinna vRkSa kapisaMyogavAn hai' aisA vAkyArtha saMgraha ko mAnya nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA vAkyArtha mAnane meM vRkSapada kA mUlAvacchinna vRkSarUpa vRkSakadeza meM upacAra karanA par3atA hai| saMgraha to upacAra kA Azraya nahIM karatA hai / ataH saMgrahanaya ke mata se 'mUlAbhinna vRkSa kapisaMyogavAlA hai' yahI artha "mUle vRkSaH kapisaMyogI" isa vAkya se nikalatA hai| (vartamAna kAla meM hI devadatta kA vAsa svIkArya) ("RjusUtrastu" ityAdi)-RjusUtra jina AkAzapradezoM meM devadatta kA saMyoga rahatA hai, una AkAzapradezoM meM hI devadatta ke vAsa ko svIkAra karatA hai| saMstAraka meM bhI devadatta kA vAsa nahIM mAnatA hai, kAraNa, saMstAraka me devadatta kA vAsa mAnane para upacAra kA Azraya lenA paDatA hai, kyoMki samagra saMstAraka ke sAtha devadatta saMyoga nahIM rahatA hai| kintu saMstAraka ke eka deza ke sAtha hI devadatta kA saMyoga rahatA hai| jina AkAzapradezoM meM devadatta kA saMyoga rahatA hai, una AkAzapradezoM meM devadatta kA vAsa mAnane meM upacAra kA Azraya lenA Avazyaka nahIM hai| isalie "RjasUtra" kI mAnyatA "saGagraha" kI mAnyatA kI apekSA se sUkSma pratIta hotI hai| "RjasUtra" kA yaha bhI kahanA hai ki saGagraha yadi sastAraka meM devadatta ke vAsa kA svIkAra uakarotyanenetyupakaraNam-svabhAvaH, calaM asthiramupakaraNa' yasya sa calopakaraNaH, tasya bhAvaH calopakaraNatA tayA calopakaraNatayetyarthaH, AtmapradezAnAM kampanazIlasvAditi tAtparyam /

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72 upA. yazovijayaracite karegA to gRhakoNa, gRhamadhyapradeza Adi meM bhI devadatta ke vAsa kA atiprasaGga saMgraha ke mata meM AvegA, kyoMki sastAraka meM devadatta kA vAsa upacArAzrayaNa ke vinA sambhavita nahIM hai / isalie upacAra kA AzrayaNa kara ke hI saMstAraka meM vAsa mAnanA hogA, taba to upacAra kA AzrayaNa kara ke devadatta kA vAsa gRhakoNa Adi meM bhI sambhavita ho sakatA hai / ata: gRhakoNAdi meM bhI devadatta ke pAsa kA svIkAra saMgraha ko karanA pddegaa| ("saMstArakAvacchinna0) jina AkAzapradezoM kA itara AkAzapradezoM se vyAvartaka arthAt pRthaka karane vAlA saMstAraka hai, ve AkAzapradeza saMstArakAvacchinna AkAzapradeza mAne jAte haiM / unameM bhI devadatta ke vAsa kA vyavahAra RjusUtra nahIM karatA hai kyoMki una AkAzapradezoM ke sAtha saMstAraka kA hI saMyoga hai, devadatta kA saMyoga nahIM hai| yahA~ para yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki saMyoga ko jaise tArkikaloga guNarUpa mAnate haiM vaisA guNarUpa saMyoga jaina siddhAta meM nahIM mAnA gayA hai kintu nairantaryarUpa athavA dezapariNAmarUpa saMyoga hI mAnA gayA hai / saMstArakArUDa AkAzapradeza ke sAtha saMstAraka kA hI narantarya hai / devadatta aura saMstArakAvacchinna AkAzapradezoM kA narantarya nahIM hai kyoMki ina donoM ke mAdhyama meM saMstAraka hI vyavadhAnarUpa hai / isalie saMstArakAvacchinna AkAzapradezo meM devadatta ke vAsa kA kathana saGgata nahIM hai| zaMkAH- devadatta saMstAraka meM basatA hai, gRhakoNa meM vasatA hai, gRhamadhyabhAga meM vasatA haiityAdi vyavahAra loka meM hote haiM, ve RjusUtra ke mata se nahIM hoMge, kyoMki RjusUtra saMstAraka-gRhakoNAdi meM devadatta ke vAsa ko nahIM mAnatA hai, taba to RjusUtra ko loka ke sAtha virodha hogA ? samAdhAna:-RjusUtra ke mata anusAra 'devadatta saMstAraka meM vasatA hai' ityAdi vyavahAra jo loka meM hote haiM ve bhrAntimUlaka haiN| saMstAraka aura gRhakoNAdi meM devadata kA vAsa na hone para bhI devadatta ke vAsa kI buddhi kA honA hI bhrAnti hai / jahA~ para jisa vastu kA abhAva ho, vahA~ usa vastu kI buddhi ko hI bhrAnti kahI jAtI hai / yaha bhrAnti kA lakSaNa, saMstArakAdi meM devadatta kA vAsa hai' ityAkAraka buddhi meM bhI ghaTatA hai kyoMki saMstAraka meM deva datta ke vAsa kA abhAva hai, to bhI devadatta vAsa kI buddhi hotI hai / zaGkA:- bhrAnti kA mUla doSa mAnA gayA hai| jisake netra meM doSa hotA hai usI ko candra meM dvitvabhrama hotA hai / aise to candra eka hI hai, yaha zAhA aura loka meM nizcita hai| yahA~ bhI saMstAraka Adi meM devadatta ke vAsa kI buddhirUpa bhrAnti meM kucha doSa honA Avazyaka hai nahIM to doSarUpa kAraNa ke vinA bhrAntirUpa kArya hI nahIM ho sakegA, vaha doSa kauna hai ? samAdhAna:-yahA~ pratyAsatti kA artha hotA hai sambandha, yahA~ sAmIpyaghaTita paraMparA sambandharUpa hai, jina AkAzapradezoM meM devadatta kA vAsa hai, una pradezoM ke samIpavartI AkAzapradezoM meM sastAraka hai| isalie devadattAvacchinna AkAzapradeza aura sastArakAvacchinna AkAzapradeza, ye donoM eka dUsare ke samIpavartI hai / isalie devadattAvacchinna AkAzapradeza kA sastArakAvacchinna AkAzapradeza meM sAmopya sambandha hai aura

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nayarahasye vasatidRSTAntaH zabdasamabhirUDhevambhUtAstu svAtmanyeva vasatimaGgIkurvate / na hyanyasyAnyatra vasatisambhavaH, sambandhAbhAvAt , asambaddhayorAdhArAdheyabhAve cAtiprasaGgAditi dika // saMstArakAvacchinna AkAzapradeza kA avacchedaka saMstAraka hai / isalie devadatta kA saMstA Ttha 'svAvacchinnAkAzapradezasamApavAkAzapradezAvacchedakatva' sambandha ho jAtA hai, yahI doSarUpa hai / devadatta ke vAsa kA abhAva saMstAraka meM rahane para bhI isa sAmIpyaghaTitaparaMparA sambandha se devadatta ke vAsa kI buddhi saMstAraka meM ho jAtI hai| yaha dhuddhi bhrAntirUpa hotI hai aura yahI buddhi saMstAraka meM devadatta basatA hai' isa vyavahAra kA bIja hotI hai| isI taraha grahakoNa meM devadatta basatA hai, isa vyavahAra kA mUla bhI bhrAnti hI hai| vaha bhrAnti gRhakoNa meM devadatta kA vAsa na hone para bhI devadatta ke vAsa kI buddhirUpa hai, usa bhrAnti meM pratyAvRttirUpa doSa hai / gRhakoNa meM devadatta kA pratyAvRtti bhI sAmIpya ghaTita hai, kyoMki gRhakoNAvacchinnAkAzapradeza devadattAvacchinnAkAzapradeza ke samIpavartI hai isalie 'svAvacchinna AkAzapradeza samIpavatI AkAzapradezAvacchedakatva. rUpa devadatta kI pratyAsatti gRhakoNa meM pahu~catI hai / isI rIti se gRhamadhya meM devadatta basatA hai, ityAdi vyavahAra bhrAntimUlaka hote haiM, bhrAnti meM mUlabhUta doSarUpa pratyAsatti kI kalpanA nikaTa pUrva meM batAI gaI hai usa rIti se karanI cAhie / saMstAraka Adi meM devadatta ke vAsa kA vyavahAra prAmANika nahIM hai, yaha RjusUtra kI mAnyatA ukta vivecana se siddha hotI hai| [vartamAna kAla meM hI devadatta kA vAsa svIkArya ] (vivakSita) jina AkAzapradezoM meM devadatta kA saMyoga hone para devadatta kA vAsa RjusUtra mAnatA hai, una AkAzapradezoM meM bhI vartamAna kAla meM hI devadatta kA vAsa usako mAnya hai / atIta aura aura anAgata kAla meM devadatta kA vAsa una vivakSita AkAzapradezoM meM bhI vaha nahIM mAnatA hai / kAraNa, atIta aura anAgatakAla kI sattA bhI usako mAnya nahIM hai / itanA hI nahIM atIta anAgata kAla meM vartamAna devadatta kI sattA bhI usako mAnya nahIM hai, usako to vartamAnakAla meM hI devadatta kA sattA abhISTa hai| dUsarA kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki AtmA ke pradeza saMsArI avasthA meM sadA kampanazIla hI rahate haiMisI ko jaina paribhASA meM calopakaraNatA kahate haiM / isa calopakaraNatA ke kAraNa pratisamaya devadattAdi sarva saMsArI jIvoM kA avagAhanakSetra badalatA rahatA hai / ataH pUrvakSaNa meM devadatta (kA AtmA) jina AkAzapradezoM meM avagADha thA, dUsare kSaNa meM usa devadatta (ke AtmA) kI sthiti sUkSma AMdolana (kampana) ke kAraNa badala jAne se usakA avagAhana kSetra bhI badala jAtA hai / ataH RjusUtra ke mata se dUsare kSaNa meM pUrvAvagADhAkAzapradeza mAtra parimita avagAhanA kA sambhava hI nahIM hai / [tIna zabdAdinaya kA vasatidRSTAnta meM abhiprAya] (zabdasamabhi0 ityAdi) zabda. samabhirUDha aura evambhUta, devadatta kA jina AkAzapradezoM meM avagAhana rahatA hai, una AkAzapradezoM meM bhI devadatta kA vAsa nahIM mAnate

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74 upA. yazovijayaracite evamebhiH zrutopadarzitanidarzanaireteSAM yathAkramaM vizuddhatvamavaseyam // arthateSAM lakSaNAni vakSyAmaH // "nigameSu bhavo'dhyavasAyavizeSo naigamaH" / tadbhavatvaM ca lokaprasiddhArthIpagantRtvam , lokaprasiddhizca sAmAnya vizeSAdyubhayopagamena nirvhti| haiM, kintu devadatta kA vAsa devadatta kI apanI AtmA meM hI mAnate haiM kyoMki devadatta kA tAdAtmyasambandha devadatta-AtmA meM rahatA hai| tAdAtmya se atirikta saMyoga Adi saMbandha ko ye naya nahIM svIkAra karate haiN| tAdAtmya saMbandha to devadatta kA devadatta ke sAtha hI sambhavita hai, AkAzapradeza vA gRhakoNAdi ke sAtha devadatta kA tAdAtmya saMbandha nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie devadatta kA vAsa anyatra na mAnane meM ina nayoM kA abhiprAya hai| ye naya kahate haiM ki anya kA vAsa anyatra ho hI nahIM sakatA hai, kyoMki anya ke sAtha anya kA tAdAtmya saMbandha nahIM rahatA hai, tAdAtmya se itara saMbandha inake mata meM hai hI nahIM / asambaddha vastudvaya kA AdhArAdheyabhAva nahIM hotA hai| isalie AkAzapradeza gRhakoNAdi meM devadatta kA vAsa mAnanA saGgata nahIM hai| yadi saMbandha ke binA bhI vivakSita AkAzapradeza yA gRhakoNAdi meM devadatta kA vAsa mAnA jAya to vivakSita AkAzapradeza se bhinna AkAzapradeza meM bhI devadatta ke vAsa kA atiprasaGga khaDA hogA / tathA gRhakoNa se bhinna gRhabhAga meM bhI devadatta ke vAsa kA prasaGga ho jAyagA, kyoMki sambandha kA abhAva sarvatra samAna hone se koI niyAmaka nahIM hai ki jisake bala se vivakSita AkAzapradezoM meM hI devadatta kA vAsa mAnA jAya aura tadbhinna pradezo meM na mAnA jAya / aise hI gRhakoNa meM hI devadatta kA vAsa mAnA jAya aura anya gRhabhAga meM na mAnA jAya isakA bhI koI niyAmaka nahIM hai / Azaya yaha hai ki sambandha hI AdhArAdheyabhAva kA niyAmaka hotA hai, vaha sambandha tAdAtmya se atirikta to hai hI nahIM, tAdAtmya sambandha to devadatta ke sAtha devadatta kA hI hai, anya ke sAtha nahIM hai / isa hetu se devadatta ke sAtha hI AdhArAdheyabhAva mAnanA yukta hai, anya ke sAtha devadatta kA AdhArAdheyabhAva mAnanA yuktisaGgata nahIM hai| (evamebhiriti) naigamAdinayoM meM kramika vizuddhatA pradarzita karane ke lie pradeza, prasthaka aura vasati ina tIna dRSTAntoM kA upakrama pUrva meM kiyA gayA hai aura ina tInoM dRSTAntoM kA avalaMbana karake ina tIna prakAroM se kramika vizuddhi ko granthakAra ne jo batAyA hai usakA upasaMhAra prakRta grantha se karate haiM / naigama, vyavahAra, saMgraha, RjusUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha, evaMbhUta, ina sAta nayoM kI apekSA se uttarottara naya meM kramika vizuddhi kA jJAna ina tInoM dRSTAntoM ke avalaMbana se pUrva meM pradarzita rIti ke anusAra karanA cAhie-isI rIti se kramika vizuddhi kA jJAna naigamamAdi nayoM meM ho sakatA hai, anyathA nahIM ho sakatA hai / kAraNa, yaha kramika vizuddhatA bahuta sUkSma hai aura jaTila bhI hai / 1: nayoM kI vizuddhatA ke jijJAsu logoM ko anya rIti kA avalaMbana na kara ke ina tIna dRSTAntoM kA anusaraNa karanA hI vizuddhijJAna ke lie adhika upakArI ho sakatA hai|

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH [naigamanaya kA lakSaNa-lokaprasiddha artha grAhaka adhyavasAya] (athaiteSAmiti) prakRta grantha meM atha zabda AnantaryarUpa artha kA bodhaka hai / "anantara" zabda se bhAvArthaka taddhita pratyaya lagAne para "Anantarya' zabda banatA hai / 'anantara" zabda meM praviSTa antara zabda kA vyavadhAna artha hotA hai / isalie "artha" zabda se vyavadhAna rahita uttara kAla kA bodha hotA hai / lakSaNa grantha ke AraMbha ke pUrva meM pradeza, prasthaka, vasati dRSTAntoM ke dvArA naigama Adi saptavidha nayoM meM vizuddhi ke tAratamya kA nirUpaNa granthakAra ne kiyA hai| usake bAda nagamAdi saptavidha nayoM ke lakSaNoM kA nirUpaNa karane kI pratijJA kara ke granthakAra lakSaNa nirUpaNa meM pravRtta hote haiM / isalie nayagata vizuddhi tAratamya nirUpaNa aura naya vizeSoM kA lakSaNa nirUpaNa ina donoM meM avyavahita pUrvAparabhAva hai| yahI "Anantarya' padArtha hai, isI ko atha zabda se sUcita kiyA gayA hai| (nigameSu iti) "nizcayena gamyante prayujyante zabdA yatra" isa vigraha ke anusAra jahA~ zabdoM kA nizcita rUpa se tattat arthoM meM prayoga hotA hai ve "nigama' kahe jAte haiN| zabdoM kA prayoga loka meM hotA hai, isalie "nigama" pada kA artha loka yA janapada yahA~ vivakSita hai / manuSyoM kA AvAsa jisa meM rahatA hai, vaha deza janapada kahA jAtA hai, vahA~ zabdoM kA tattadarthoM meM prayoga hotA hai / isalie nigama zabda kA janapada bhI artha hotA hai aura isa zabda kA yaha artha hai' tathA 'yaha zabda isa artha kA bodhaka hai' aisA zabdArtha kA parijJAna bhI loka meM yA janapada meM hotA hai| ataH "nigama pada se loka yA janapadarUpa artha yahA~ vivakSita hai| una "nigamoM" meM honevAlA jo abhiprAyavizeSa usako "naigamanaya" kahate haiM / yahA~ "nigamoM meM honevAlA" isakA artha yahI hai ki lokaprasiddha artha kA svIkAra naigamanaya karatA hai aura loka meM prasiddha vastumAtra meM sAmAnyAtmakatva aura vizeSAtmakatva hai, arthAt ghaTapaTAdi padArtha kA nirUpaNa "naigamanaya' kI dRSTi se jaba kiyA jAtA hai taba sakala ghaTa vyakti meM Azrita sAmAnya ghaTa kA avalaMbana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai kyoMki sAmAnya ghaTa hI "ghaTaH" isa taraha ke prayoga meM aura "ghaTaH" isa taraha kI buddhi meM hetu hai / tathA yaha suvarNa ghaTa hai, yaha rajA ghaTa hai, yaha mRttikA vaTa hai, isa taraha vizeSa kA bhI nirUpaNa naigama kI dRSTi se hotA hai, isalie sAmAnya-vizeSa ye donoM artha lokaprasiddha mAne jAte haiM / ataH lokaprasiddha artha ko jo svIkAra kare vaha abhiprAyavizeSa hI "naigamanaya" haiM, aisa aisA nagama kA lakSaNa siddha hotA hai / isI lakSaNa ko zabdAntara meM kaheM, to sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina donoM ko svIkAra karane vAlA adhyavasAya vizeSa naigamanaya hai esA lakSaNa siddha hotA hai / granthakAra ne mUla grantha meM sAmAnya vizeSa pada ke bAda aura ubhayapada ke pUrva meM Adi pada kA upAdAna kiyA hai / usa Adi pada se bhedAbheda, nityAnitya ityAdi virodhI dvandvoM kA sUcana kiyA hai| isalie vastu mAtra meM bhedAbheda ina donoM kA svIkAra jisa meM ho aise abhiprAya vizeSa bhI naigama kA lakSaNa ho sakatA hai tathA vastu mAtra meM nityAnityobhayAtmakatva kA svIkartA abhiprAya vizeSa bhI naigama kA lakSaNa ho sakatA hai|

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76 upA. yazovijayaracite ___ atha svatantrasAmAnyavizeSobhayAbhyupagame kaNAdavad dunayatvam , zabalatadabhyupagame ca pramANatvameva, yathAsthAnaM pratyekaM gauNamukhyabhAvena tadupagame ca saGgrahavyavahArAnyatarapraveza iti cet ?, na tRtIyapakSAzrayaNe doSAbhAvAt , upadheyasAGkarye'pyupAdhyorasAryAt // [ naigama meM durnayatva, pramANatva evaM saMgrahavyavahArAnyatarapraveza kI Apatti ] (atha svatantra....iti) yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki-'sAmAnya-vizeSa ubhaya ko sthIkAra karane vAle adhyavasAyavizeSa ko naigamanaya kA lakSaNa mAnA jAya to yahA~ sAmAnya vizeSa ina donoM ko svatantrarUpa se mAnane meM kaNAda darzana meM jaise durnayatva hai, usI taraha naigamanaya meM bhI darnayatva kI Apatti aayegii| kAraNa, kaNAda darzana meM sa aura vizeSa ko paraspara bhinna mAnA gayA hai tathA Azraya rUpa dharmI se atyanta bhinna mAnA gayA hai / isIlie sAmAnya aura vizeSa na to dharmIparatantra hai aura na paraspara paratantra hai, kintu svatantra haiM / isI rIti se naigama bhI yadi dharmI se bhinna aura paraspara bhinna sAmAnya vizeSa ubhaya kA abhyupagama kare to durna yatva kA prasaGga nai gama meM hogA, jo jainasiddhAnta meM iSTa nahIM hai / isa Apatti kA vAraNa karane ke lie yadi sAmAnya vizeSa ko zabalarUpa se mAne to, naigama naya meM nayatva na rahakara pramANatva A jAyagA / kAraNa, dharmI se kathaJcit abhinna sAmAnya vizeSobhayasvarUpavastugrAhakajJAna pramANa ho jAtA hai kyoMki kathaJcit abhinna sAmAnyavizeSobhayAtmakavastujJAnatva hI pramANa kA lakSaNa hai / vastu sAmAnyAtmaka aura vizeSAtmaka bhI ho sakatI hai yadi sAmAnya aura vizeSa meM vasturUpa dharmI ke sAtha kathaJcida abheda mAnA jAya / aisA mAnane para vastu svarUpa meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina donoM kA mizraNa hotA hai kyoMki vasturUpa dharmI sAmAnyAtmaka bhA hai aura vizeSAtmaka bhI hai| ataH sAmAnya vizeSobhaya, vastu svarUpa meM mizrita hone se zabala pada se vyavahRta hotA hai / isa taraha ke sAmAnyavizeSobhaya ko naigamanaya yadi mAne to, naigamanaya aura pramANa meM bheda kA prayojaka kucha nahIM pAyA jAtA hai, ataH naigamanaya meM pramANatva prasaGga khaDA hotA hai / isa Apatti ko dUra karane ke lie yadi kahA jAya ki 'naigamanaya sAmAnyavizeSobhaya kA svIkAra to karatA hai, kintu kaNAdadarzana ke jase svatantrarUpa se nahIM, tathA pramANa ke jaise zabala rUpa se nahIM kintu gauNamukhyarUpa se svIkAra karatA hai| jahA~ sAmAnya ko mukhya rUpa se mAnatA hai vahA~ vizeSa ko gauNarUpa se mAnatA hai aura jahA~ vizeSa ko mukhya rUpa se mAnatA hai vahA~ sAmAnya ko gauNarUpa se mAnatA hai| kaNAda dazana to sAmAnya vizevobhaya ko kahIM bhI gauNamukhyabhAva se nahIM mAnatA hai, kintu svatantrarUpa se mAnatA hai / isalie kaNAda darzana ke jaise durna yatva kA prasaGga yahA~ nahIM AtA hai aura pramANa ke jaise zabalarUpa se siddha honA bhI dUra ho jAtA hai| to yaha kahanA bhI doSa rahita nahIM hai / yahA~ sAmAnya kA pradhAnarUpa se aura vizeSa kA gauNa rUpa se svIkAra ho, aise adhyAvasAya ko saMgraha kahA jAtA hai, to saMgraha jaisA hI naigama kA abhyupagama hone para vaise sthala meM naigama

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nayara hasye naigamanayaH kA saMgrahanaya meM praveza ho jAyagA arthAt naigama aura saMgraha ye do eka ho jAyeMge / isalie naigama meM saMgrahanayatva kA prasaMga A jaaygaa| tathA jahA~ vizeSa ko pradhAnarUpa se aura nAmAnya ko gauNarUpa se nagama svIkAra karegA, vahA~ naigama aura vyavahAranaya meM abheda ho jAne se naigama meM vyavahAranayatva kA prasaMga A jAyagA, kyoMki vyavahAra naya bhI vizeSa ko mukhyarUpa se aura sAmAnya ko gauNarUpa se svIkAra karatA hai / taba to loka prasiddha sAmAnya-vizeSAdi ubhayarUpArtha svIkartRtvarUpa gama kA lakSaNa batAyA gayA hai, vaha saMgata nahIM lagatA hai [gauNa mukhyabhAvake svIkAra meM Apatti nahIM hai / isa AzaMkA kI nivRtti ke lie upAdhyAyajI batAte haiM ki tRtIyapakSa kA Azraya karane meM koI doSa nahIM hai / taba yaha zaMkA uThatI hai ki tRtIyapakSa kA Azraya karane me hI to saMgraha aura vyavahAra ina dono meM se anyatara meM naigama kA pravezarUpa doSa diyA hai, phira koI doSa nahIM hotA hai, aisA kahanA kaise saMgata hogA ? isakA uttara yaha hai ki udheiya kA arthAta naigama aura saMgraha ina donoM upadheryA kA sArya hone para bhI upAdhiyoM kA, arthAt naigamatva aura saMgrahatva ina donoM kA sAtha hI hotA hai tathA naigama aura vyavahAra ina donoM upadheyoM kA sAGkarya hone para bhI naigamatva aura vyavahAratva ina donoM upAdhiyoM kA sArya nahIM hotA hai, isalie tRtIya pakSokta doSa ko avasara yahA~ nahIM AtA hai / bhAvArtha yaha hai ki upAdhipada se vyAvartaka dharma yahA~ vivakSita hai| naigama meM gamatva dharma upAdhi hai, vahI dharma vyavahArAdi nayoM se naigamanaya kA vyAvartana karatA hai / aise hI saMgraha meM saMgrahatva vyAvarttaka dharma hai / vyavahAra naya meM vyavahAranayatva vyAyaka dharma hai / isalie saMgrahatva aura vyavahAratva bhI upAdhizabda se kahe jAte haiN| upAdhirUpa ina dharmo se vyAvartanIya nagama, saMgraha aura vyavahAranaya ye saba upadheya kahe jAte haiM / sAGkarya zabda se yahA~ sAmAnAdhikaraNya vivakSita hai / samAnAdhikaraNya se ekArthatva athavA abhinnArthatva kA saMketa milatA hai / kAraNa, 'bhinna pravRttivAle zabdoM kA ekArthatva' yahI sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA lakSaNa zAstrakAroM ne mAnA hai / sAmAnya kA makhyarUpa se aura vizeSa kA gauNarUpa se jahA~ svIkAra ho, aisA abhiprAyavizeSarUpa saMgrahanaya saMgrahanaya tvarUpa upAdhi kA upadheya hai aura vasA abhiprAyavizeSarUpa naigamanaya naigamanayatvarUpa upAdhi kA upadheya hai kyoMki ye donoM saMgrahatva aura naigamatva dharmoM se kramazaH vyAvartita hote haiM / ina donoM upadheyoM meM sArya arthAt ekArthatva yadyapi A jAtA hai, kyoMki naigama pada kA pravRttinimitta naigamatva hai aura saMgrahapada kA pravRttinimitta saMgrahatva hai / naigamatva aura saMgrahatva ye donoM pravRttinimitta paraspara bhinna haiN| ina donoM bhinna pravRttinimittarUpa se bodhyamAna artha eka hI hai, jisa artha ko saMgraha pada bodhita karatA hai usa artha ko maigama bhI bodhita karatA hai / isalie upadheyagata sAMkarya hai, tathApi saMgrahatva aura negamatva ina donoM upAdhiyoM meM ekArthatvarUpa sAMkarya nahIM hai / tathA pradhAna rUpa se vizeSa kA aura gauNarUpa se sAmAnya kA abhyupagama ho, aisA abhiprAya vizeSa vyavahAra pada kA bodhya hai aura vahAM vyavahAragata vyavahAratvarUpa upAdhikA vyAvaya

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78 upA. yazovijayaracite ___ Aha-atiriktasAmAnyavizeSAnabhyupagame kathamanuvRttivyAvRttibuddhiH ? na hi te ahetuke, na vaikahetUdbhave, na vA nirviSaye eva doSaje iti |-maivm , vastuna eva mRdAditulyapariNAmenAnuvRttibuddheH, UrdhvatAdyatulyapariNAmena ca vyAvRttibuddharupapatteratiriktakalpane mAnAbhAvAt / tadukta'-'vastuna eva samAnaH, pariNAmo'yaM sa eva sAmAnyam / asamAnastu vizeSo, vastvekamanekarUpaM tu // 1 // " [] iti / / hone se upadheya bhI hai / etAdRza abhiprAyavizeSa naigamapada kA bhI bodhya hai aura naigamatvarUpa upAdhi kA bhI upadheya hai / vyavahArapada kA pravRttinimitta vyavahAratva aura naigama pada kA pravRtti nimitta naigamatva ye donoM paraspara bhinna vyavahAratva aura naigamatva rUpa se bodhyamAna prakRta abhiprAyavizeSarUpa upadheya eka hI artha hai| isalie ekArthatvarUpa sAMkarya upadheyoM meM yadyapi hai tathApi vyavahAratva aura naigamatva ina donoM upAdhiyoM meM ekArthatvarUpa sAMkarya nahIM hai| yahA~ yaha dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki vyavahAratva jahA~ rahatA hai vahA~ bhI naigamatva rahatA hai aura jahA~ vyavahAratva nahIM rahatA hai aise saMgrahatvena abhimata abhiprAyavizeSa meM bhI naigamatva rahatA hai / isalie vyavahAratva kI apekSA se naigamatva vyApaka hai, vyavahAratva naigamatva kI apekSA se vyApya hai| jina do dharmA meM vyApyavyApakabhAva rahatA hai vahA~ sAMkarya nahIM hotA hai / jaise pRthvItva-dravyatva kA sAMkarya kisI matavAdI ko mAnya nahIM hai / evaM yAdRza abhiprAya vizeSa saMgrahatvena mAnya hai, tAdRza abhi prAya vizeSa meM bhI naigamatva rahatA hai / tathA saMgrahatva kA abhAva vyavahAratvena mAnya jisa abhiprAya vizeSa meM rahatA hai, vahA~ para bhI naigamatva rahatA hai| isalie saMgrahatva kI apekSA se naigamatvarUpa upAdhi vyApaka hai aura naigamatva kI apekSA se saMgrahatva vyApya hai| isalie saMgrahatva aura naigamatva ina donoM upAdhiyoM kA mAMkarya nahIM hai| ina donoM upAdhiyoM kA upadheya abhiprAya vizeSa meM ekArthatvarUpa sAMkarya hone para bhI kSati nahIM hai kyoMki vyAvartaka dharmA ke dvArA bodhyamAna abhiprAyavizeSa ekarUpa hone para bhI vibhinna bodha hone se vibhinna hI pratIta hote haiM / jahA~ upadheya meM vibhinnatA pratIta hone kA nimitta nahIM rahatA hai, vahA~ para hI upadheyagata sAMkarya doSa mAnA jAtA hai / yahA~ to upadheyagata vibhinnatA pratIti kA kAraNa vibhinna upAdhidvaya hI bana jAte haiM / isalie tRtIyapakSa kA Azraya karane meM kisI doSa kA avasara nahIM AtA hai| [ anuvRtti-vyAvRtti buddhi se atirikta sAmAnya-vizeSa kI AzaMkA ] (Aha-atirikta.) yahA~ koI zaMkA kareM ki-'vastu se atyanta bhinna, vastugata sAmAnya aura vizeSa ko jaise kaNAdamatAnayAyI lo vizeSa yadi mAnA jAya to naigamanaya meM bhI durna yatva kA prasaMga hogA |-aisaa jo Apa pUrva meM kaha Ae haiM, vaha sa'gata nahIM hai kyoMki dharmI se atirikta sAmAnya yadi na mAnA jAya to "ghaTo'ya-ghaTo'ya" isa taraha kI anuvRttabuddhi nahIM hogI kyoMki anuvRttabuddhi hone meM sAmAnya hI nimitta hai| tathA dharmI se atirikta vizeSa na mAnA jAya to

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH 79 'mudgArambhaka paramANu yavArambhaka paramANu se bhinna hai aura yavArambhaka paramANu mudgArambhaka paramANu se bhinna hai|' isa taraha kI vyAvRttibuddhi nahIM hogI, kyoMki vyAvRttibuddhi kA nimitta kAraNavizeSa hI hai aura vaha Apako mAnya nahIM hai| ataH anuvRtti buddhi atirikta sAmAnya mAne binA nahIM ho sakatI hai aura vyAvRttibuddhi atirikta vizeSa mAne binA nahIM ho sakatI hai / isalie atirikta sAmAnya aura atirikta vizeSa mAnanA syAdvAdI ko bhI Avazyaka hai| yadi yaha kahe ki-'anavRttivRddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi meM nimittatayA samAnya aura vizeSa kyoM mAnA jAya ? vaha buddhi nimitta ke vinA bhI ho sakI hai'-to yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| kAraNa, jisa meM koI hetu nahIM hotA hai vaha padArtha sadA sat hotA hai / jaise-AkAza meM koI hetu nahIM, isalie AkAza sarvadA sat hai / isI taraha anuvRttibuddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi meM yadi koI hetu na mAnA jAyagA to vaha buddhi bhI sadA sat ho jAyagI / ila se ina buddhiyoM meM anubhavasiddha, jo kAdAcitkatva rahatA hai usa ke abhAva kA prasaMga A jAyagA / athavA, jisa kA hetu nahIM hotA hai, vaha sadA asat mAnA jAtA hai, jaise-gagana puSpa kA koI hetu nahIM hai, isa se gaganapuSpa sadA asat hI rahatA hai / isI taraha anuvRttinuddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi meM koI nimitta na hogA, to vaha buddhi bhI gaganapuSpa kI taraha sadA asatarUpa hI dhana jAyagI, vaha to syAhAdi ko bhI iSTa nahIM hai, kyoMki usa buddhi meM kAdAcitkatva kA anubhava syAdvAdI ko bhI hotA hai / vaha kAdAcitkatva to bhAva padArthA meM hetu kI apekSA se hI smbhvi| hai / isalie 'anuvRttibuddhi aura vyAvRttitruddhi hetu ke vinA hI hotI hai' aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hogaa| ___ yadi yahA~ aisA kahe ki-'anuvRttitruddhi nimitta ke binA hA hotI hai, aisA Azaya hamArA nahIM hai / hetu se jarUra hotI hai, parantu usake aneka hetu nahIM hote haiM jisase sAmAnya aura vizeSa kI apekSA usameM ho / kintu eka hI hetu usa meM hotA hai / ghaTAdi vastu meM jo anuvRttibuddhi aura vyAvRtti buddhi hotI hai usameM ghaTAdi vasturUpa eka hI hetu hai / ata eva atirikta sAmAnya aura vizeSa mAnanA Avazyaka nahIM hai|' to yaha saMbhava nahIM hai kyoMki yadi vaTAdivasturUpa eka hI hetu se ghaTAdi meM anuvRttibuddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi hotI hai, aisA mAnA jAya to anuvRttibuddhi kI apekSA se vyAvRttibuddhi vijAtIya hai, isa taraha kA jo anubhava hotA hai usakA bAdha hogA / kyoMki kAraNasAmagrI meM vijAtIyatA hone para hI kArya meM vijAtIyatA hotI hai aura sAmagrI meM vijAtIyatA tabhI hotI hai yadi sAmagrI kI kukSi meM kisI anya kAraNa kA praveza hotA hai / kAraNa ke samUha kA hI sAmagrI zabda se vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| jina kAryoM kA kAraNa eka hogA una kAryoM meM vijAtIyatA nahIM hotI kyoMki unameM sAmagrIvaijAtya nahIM rahatA hai| isalie yadi anuvRtti buddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi ina donoM meM kAraNa eka ho hogA, to vajAtya siddha nahIM hogA, jAtya kA anubhava to hotA hai, ataH ye donoM buddhiyA~ eka kAraNa se hotI haiM, aisA mAnanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai|

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upA. yazovijayaracite yadi kahe - anuvRttibuddhi aura vyAvRttivRddhi kI anyathA anupapatti se hI Apa atirikta sAmAnya- vizeSa kI siddhi karanA cAhate haiM / seo to tabhI saMbhava ho sakatA hai jaba ki ye buddhiyA~ pramArUDha hove kyoMki pramAtmaka jJAna hI svaviSaya kA sAdhaka banatA hai | ye buddhiyA~ to doSajanya hone ke kAraNa bhramarUpa haiM / bhrama kA viSaya bAdhita hotA hai / isa hetu se bhrama nirviSayaka jJAna mAnA jAtA hai / ataH ye jJAna bhI nirviSaya hai / inake bhramarUpa hone se ina jJAnoM kA viSaya bhI bAdhita haiM, ataH anuvRttibuddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi se sAmAnya aura vizeSa kI siddhi kI AzA rakhanA vyartha hai / 80 to yaha ThIka nahIM, kyoMki anuvRttivRddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi ko bhramarUpa yadi mAne to, bhrama kA kAraNa doSa yahA~ kyA hai ? isa kA bhI vicAra karanA hogA / khUba vicAra karane para bhI koI doSa lakSita nahIM hotA hai / isalie isa jJAna ko bhramarUpa mAnanA saMgata nahIM jAna paDatA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jisa jJAna se anuvRttibuddhi kA bAdha Apa ko vivakSita hai, vaha bAdhaka jJAna kyA hai aura kaisA hai ? yaha bhI Apa ko batAnA hogA, so to Apa batA sakate nahIM hai / vicAra karane para bhI koI bAdha jJAna jo yahA~ ho, lakSita bhI nahIM hotA hai / ataH isa jJAna kA viSaya bAdhita kaise kaha sakate haiM ? ata eva 'yaha buddhi nirviSaya hai' aisA kahanA bhI sambhava nahIM hai / taba to pramArUpa anuvatti buddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi sAmAnya aura vizeSarUpa apane-apane viSayoM ko avazya siddha kareMgI, ataH dharmI se atirikta sAmAnya aura vizeSa Avazya mAnanA cAhie, isa taraha kaNAdamatAnuyAyI apane mata kA samarthana karate haiM / [ tulya- atulya pariNAma hI sAmAnya - vizeSa hai - samAdhAna ] (maitram - iti) kaNAdamatAnuyAyiyoM kI ukta AzaMkA kA samAdhAna syAdvAdI isa prakAra karate haiM ki ghaTAdi vastumAtra kA anuvRttisvabhAva hai jo tulyaparimANarUpa hai aura atulya pariNAmarUpa vyAvRttisvabhAva bhI usakA hai, kAraNa, syAdvAdI ko vastumAtra sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka mAnya hai / mRdAdi tulyaparimANa se anuvRttibuddhi ho jAyagI aura UrdhvatAdi atulyaparimANa se vyAvRttibuddhi ho jAyagI / taba anuvRttibuddhi aura vyAvRttibuddhi ke anurodha se atirikta sAmAnya aura vizeSa kA kalpanA karane meM koI pramANa dikhatA nahIM hai / ataH kaNAda matAnuyAyiyoM kI dharmI se sarvathA bhinna sAmAnya- vizeSa kI kalpanA niyukti hai / dharmI se sarvadA atirikta sAmAnya aura vizeSa nahIM hai, kintu mRdAdi vastu kA samAna pariNAma hI sAmAnya hai aura asamAna pariNAma hI vizeSa hai kyoMki pratyeka vastu aneka rUpa hai arthAt sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka hai- isa taraha kA prAcInAcArya vacana bhI isa bAta ko dRr3ha karatA hai / isalie upAdhyAyajI ne 'taduktam' aisA kahakara mUla grantha meM prAcInAcArya kA vacana ullikhita kiyA hai / vastuna eva samAnaH pariNAmo'yaM sa eva sAmAnyam / asamAnastu vizeSo, vastvekamanekarUpaM tu // 1 // iti /

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH atirikta tu sAmAnya vyaktiSvekadezena samaveyAt , kAtsnyena vA ? Aye sAvayavatvaprasaGgaH antye ca prativyakti nAnAtvApattiH / na ca vyaktivRttitvaM sAmAnyasyopagamyata eva, dezakAtya'yostvanupagamAdanuktopAlambha iti vAcyam , uktAnyataraprakAvyatirekeNAnyatra vRttyadarzanAt , atrAnyataraprakArAzrayaNe'nyataradoSApattervajralepatvAditi sammatiTIkAkRtAmabhiprAyaH / [ atirikta sAmAnyavAdI ko akhila-ekadeza vRttitva kA prazna ] (atirikta0) sammatiTIkAkArane dharmI se sAmAnyarUpadharma kA sarvathA bheda jo vaizeSikoM ne mAnA hai usa kA khaNDana kiyA hai / jina yuktiyoM dvArA atirikta sAmAnya kA khaNDana "sammatiTIkA" meM kiyA gayA hai, una yaktiyoM kA saMkSipta pradarzana prastuta saMdarbha meM upAdhyAyajI ne kiyA hai :- atiriktasAmAnya vyaktiyoM meM samavAya sambandha se rahatA hai, isa taraha kI mAnyatA vaizeSikoM kI hai / una se pUchA jAtA hai ki vyaktiyoM meM vaha sAmAnya eka deza se rahatA hai arthAt tattada aMzoM se rahatA hai athavA kAtsnya -sakalasvasvarUpa se rahatA hai / yadi tattad aMzoM se tattad vyaktiyoM meM sAmAnya kA rahanA mAnA jAya to, sAmAnya meM sAvayavatva kA prasaMga hogA, kAraNa, aneka vyaktiyoM meM aMzataH sAmAnya kI vRtti sAmAnya ko sAvayava mAne binA ho nahIM sakatI / tattad vyaktiyoM meM rahane ke lie sAmAnya kA aneka avayava honA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai / sAmAnya meM sAvayavatva kA svIkAra vazeSika kara nahIM sakate kyoMki ina ke siddhAnta meM sAmAnya nitya-niravayava-eka mAnA gayA hai| dvitIyapakSa kA bhI svIkAra vaizeSika ke lie iSTa nahIM ho sakatA, kAraNa, vyaktiyoM meM sAmAnya yadi akhila rUpa se rahegA to prativyakti meM bhinna-bhinna sAmAnya mAnanA paDegA, to sAmAnya meM anekatva kI Apasi A jAyagI / yaha bhI vaizeSika ke siddhAnta se viruddha hI hogA kyoMki aneka vyaktiyoM meM rahanevAle sAmAnya ko ve loga eka mAnate haiN| aneka vyaktiyoM meM samaveta tathA nitya jo eka dharma vahI 'sAmAnya' pada kA artha hai aisI sAmAnya padArtha kI vyAkhyA una logoM kI hai / sakala go vyaktiyoM meM samaveta, nitya aura eka, aisA jo gotva dharma usI ko sAmAnya ve loga kahate haiM / isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra ghaTatva, paTatva, guNatva, dravyatva ityAdi dharmoM meM 'ye sAmAnya haiM' aisA vyavahAra vaizeSikoM kA hotA hai / pratyeka go vyaktiyoM meM bhinna-bhinna gotvarUpa sAmAnya hai aisA vyavahAra una logoM kA nahIM hotA hai / isalie sAmAnya meM anekatva mAnane para vyavahAra bAdha bhI una kA lAgU hogA / ataH akhilatva pakSa bhA ve nahIM mAna sakate haiN| [ anukta upAlambha kI AzaMkA-vaizeSika ] zaMkA-vaizeSikoM kA kahanA hai ki AkAzAdi vyApaka vastu sakala mUrta vyaktiyoM meM vRtti mAnA jAtA hai, vahA~ deza aura akhilatva kA prazna UThatA hI nahIM hai ki AkAza mata vyaktiyoM meM eka deza se rahatA hai. yA sAmastyena rahatA hai? usI taraha sAmAnya meM 11

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upA. yazovijayaracite prativyakti paryAptatve prativyakti parisamAptyApattiH, anyathA tu dvitvAditulyatApattiriti nyAyAleoke samarthitamasmAbhiH // bhI dezataH vRtti sAmAnya hai yA sAmastyena vRtti hai ? aisA prazna UThAnA aura usa ko mAnakara doSa denA ucita nahIM hai kyoMki yaha anuktopalambha kahA jAtA hai| koI yadi galata bole yA mAne, usa para usake kathana yA mAnyatA ko yukti se nirAkaraNa karanA to ThIka haiM, yadi koI galata na bole aura na usakI mAnyatA galata ho usa kA yukti se nirAkaraNa karanA yaha anuktopAlambha kahA jAtA hai / vaizeSikoM ko dezarUpa se athavA akhilatva rUpa se sAmAnya kA rahanA svAta hI nahIM hai| isalie aise vikalpa karake usa kA nirAkaraNa anuktopAlambharUpa hone se yukta nahIM hai ? [ tRtIya vikalpa kA asambhava-jaina ] samAdhAnaH-rajju Adi padArthoM kA aMzarUpa se hI aneka sthAna meM rahanA dekhA jAtA hai / nIlAdirUpa kA ghaTAdi dravyoM meM rahanA sAmastyena dekhA jAtA hai / isalie padArthoM kI vRtti do hI prakAra kI dekhane meM AtA hai, isa se anya prakAra kI vRtti dekhane meM nahIM AtI / taba to sAmAnya yadi vyaktiyoM meM rahegA, to anya prakAra se sAmAnya kA vyaktiyoM meM rahanA sambhavita nahIM hai ataH deza se sAmAnya kA rahanA mAnane para sAvayavatva prasaMgarUpa doSa aura akhilatvena sAmAnya kA rahanA mAnane para sAmAnya meM prativyakti anekatvApatti doSa vajralepa jaisA ho jaaygaa| jisa kA nirAkaraNa na ho sake aise doSa kA honA hI vajralepa kahA jAtA hai / ataH dharmI se atirikta sAmAnya aura vizeSa mAnanA kaNAda matAnuyAyiyoM kA nitAnta galA mA hai, yaha sammatiTIkAkAra kA abhi. prAya hai| [ atirikta sAmAnya pakSameM naye DhaMga se doSApAdana ] (prativyakti)-sAmAnya ke khaNDana meM anya bhI yuktiyA~ haiM / upAdhyAyajI usa kA pradarzana karate haiM-vaizeSika loga atirikta sAmAnya ko yadi pratyeka vyakti meM paryApti sambandha se rahanA mAne, to sAmAnya kI pratyeka vyakti meM parisamApti hogI arthAta pratyeka vyakti meM bhinna-bhinna sAmAnya siddha hogA / taba sAmAnya meM anekatva kA prasaMga hogA, jo kaNAdamatAnuyAyiyoM ke lie aniSTa hogaa| kAraNa, sakala go Adi vyaktiyoM meM gotvAdi sAmAnya eka hI hotA hai aisA una kA siddhAnta hai / yadi pratyeka vyakti meM paryApti sambandha se sAmAnya kI sthiti na mAnakara sakala gAya Adi vyaktiyoM meM hI gotvAdi sAmAnya kI sthiti ko mAne to dvitva, tritvAdi saMkhyA aura sAmAnya meM tulyatA kA Apatti arthAt dvitvAdi saMkhyA jaise paryApti sambandha se ubhaya Adi vyaktiyoM meM rahatI hai. pratyeka vyakti meM nahIM rahatI hai, usI taraha sAmAnya sakala vyaktiyoM meM rahegA aura pratyeka vyakti meM nahIM rahegA / taba "ayaM gauH gotyAna" aisI gotva sAmAnya kI eka govyaktivRttitva viSayaka pratIti jo hotI hai vaha na hogii| isa se anubhavavirodharUpa doSa kA prasaMga hogaa| ataH "ubhayataHpAzA rajjuH" isa nyAya se atirikta sAmAnya kA

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nayarahasye naigamamayaH "samAnapariNAmarUpasAmAnyAnyupagame'pi prativizeSaM tadanyatvAdvizeSAdavizeSaH" iti cet ? na, svabhAvabhedena tadvizeSAt / ata eva-sAmAnatvaM samAnyagarbham , tacca tadagrahe durgrahamiti parAstam / svIkAra vaizeSikoM kA yuktivihIna hai, isa taraha kA samarthana "nyAyAloka" meM "upAdhyAyajI" ne kiyA hai, ata: vizeSa jijJAsuoM ko "nyAyAloka" kA parizIlana karanA cAhie / [ samAna pariNAmarUpa sAmAnya pakSa meM doSa kI zaMkA aura samAdhAna ] (samAnapariNAma)=yahA~ vaizeSikoM kI yaha zaMkA hai ki-'atirikta sAmAnya ko pratyeka vyakti meM akhilatvena vRtti mAnane para yA pratyeka vyakti meM paryAptisambandha se vatti mAnane para anekatvApattirUpa doSa kA prasaGga hotA hai, vaha doSa to, samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya ko mAnane para bhI hotA hai, avayavasannivezavizeSarUpa samAnapariNAma bhI vyakti bheda se bhinna-bhinna hI hote haiM / ataH samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya meM bhI anekatvApatti kA prasaMga hogA hii| yadi samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya meM anekatva iSTa mAnakara "jaina" . svIkAra kara le, to vizeSa kI apekSA se sAmAnya meM kucha bheda nahIM raha jAyagA, kyoMki jaise-vizeSa prativyakti bhinna-bhinna mAne jAte haiM, vaise sAmAnya ko bhI prativyakti bhinnabhinna svIkAra kara liyA gayA / taba to, vizeSa se jaise anuvRttibuddhi nahIM hotI hai vaise hI sAmAnya se bhI anuvRtti buddhi nahIM hogI kyoMki anuvRttibuddhi kA prayojaka jainasiddhAnta meM koI nahIM rhegaa| ___ samAdhAnaH-"jaina siddhAnta" meM samAnapariNAmarUpa vyakti kA hI anugata pratItijanana svabhAva mAnya hai aura asamAnapariNAmarUpa vyakti kA hI vyAvRttibuddhi janana svabhAva mAnya hai / isalie ubhayasvabhAvAtmakavRtti hI anugatapratItijanakatAsvabhAva se anuvRttibaddhi ko utpanna karatI hai aura vyAvRttibuddhi janakatAsvabhAva se vyAvattibaddhi ko utpanna karatI hai / ataH svabhAvabheda se vizeSApekSayA sAmAnya meM bheda siddha ho jAtA hai / isalie vizeSa kI apekSA se sAmAnya meM koI vizeSatA na rahane kA prasaga rUpa doSa nahIM AtA hai| [sAmAnya kI vyAkhyA meM sAmAnya kI apekSA-AzaMkA ] (ata eva) yadi yaha AzaMkA UThAyI jAya ki samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya ko svIkAra karane para pariNAma meM samAnatva vizeSaNarUpa se bhAsatA hai| vaha samAnatva sAdRzyavAcaka hai isalie jina do padArthoM meM paraspara sAdRzya rahatA hai, una donoM padArthoM meM kisI samAna dharma ko lekara ke hI sAdRzya kA jJAna hotA hai| jaise-"candrasamAna mukham' isa sthala meM candra kA sAdRzya mukha meM pratIta hotA hai / yahA~ candra aura mukha meM sAdhAraNa dharma AhlAdakatva hai, isI dharma ko lekara candra kA sAdRzya mukha meM bhAsatA hai / candra ke darzana se jo AhlAda-sukhavizeSa kA anubhava logoM ko hotA hai vaisA hI AhalAda

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84 upA. yazovijayaracite jisa mukhavizeSa ke darzana se hotA hai, usI mukha vizeSa ko loka candra samAna kahate haiN| isI rIti se mRttikA ke ve hI pariNAma samAna mAne jAte haiM jina pariNAmoM meM koI samAna dharma rahatA ho / pariNAmoM meM bhI samAnatA sAdRzyarUpa hI hai| vaha sArazya prakRta meM jisa samAna dharma se mAnA jAtA hai vaha samAna dharma yA to eka sAmAnya tva athavA ekajAtIyatva hI hogaa| ina donoM pakSa meM samAnatva ke garbha meM sAmAnya kA praveza hotA hai, kyoMki sAmAnya aura eka jAtIya ye donoM zabda eka hI artha ke vAcaka haiM / taba to samAnapariNAma rUpa sAmAnya ke jJAna meM usa meM vizeSaNIbhUta sAmAnya kA jJAna apekSita hogA, kyoMki viziSTabuddhi meM vizeSaNa kA jJAna kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai| isalie samAna pariNAmarUpa sAmAnya jJAna meM vizeSaNIbhUta sAmAnya kA jJAna kAraNa hogA / yadi vizeSaNIbhUta sAmAnya kA jJAna na rahegA, to samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya kA bhI jJAna nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki kAraNa ke abhAva meM kArya kA na honA to sarvavAdI ko mAnya hai| vizeSaNIbhUta sAmAnya kA jJAna yahA~ kAraNa hai, usa ke abhAva meM samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya kA jJAna jo viziSTa buddhi rUpa hai aura vizeSaNajJAna kA kArya bhI hai, so kase hogA ? ataH samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya meM durgrahatva kA prasaMga AtA hai| ___ yadi yahA~ bacAva kiyA jAya ki-'samAna pariNAmarUpa sAmAnya meM durghahatva kA prasaMga to tabhI A sakatA hai, yadi vizeSaNIbhUta sAmAnya kA jJAna kisI bhI taraha na ho sake / mRttikA ke samAna pariNAmoM meM eka sAmAnyavattva athavA ekajAtIyatvarUpa samAna dharma kA jJAna to pratyakSAdi pramANoM se saralatayA sambhava hai / taba to vizeSaNa jJAna pratyakSAdi dvArA ho jAyagA aura samAna pariNAmarUpa sAmAnya bhI sugraha hI banegA, usa meM durgrahatva kA prasaMga denA yogya nahIM hai|'-to yaha bacAva ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki eka sAmAnyavattva aura ekajAtIyatva ina donoM sAdhAraNa dharmo kA paryavasAna sAmAnya svarUpa meM hI hotA hai / isalie sAmAnya ke jJAna meM sAmAnya jJAna kI apekSA hone se AtmAzraya doSa upasthita hotA hai| evaM samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya ke jJAna meM vizeSaNIbhUta samAnatvarUpa sAdRzyajJAna kI apekSA hotI hai aura samAnatvarUpa sAdRzyajJAna meM samAnatva ke garbha meM praviSTa sAmAnyajJAna kI apekSA hotI hai kyoMki samAnatvagarbhapraviSTa sAmAnya ko bhI Apa atirikta na mAnakara samAnapariNAmarUpa hI mAne ge, isa rIti se parasparAzraya doSa kA prasaMga AtA hai / isa hetu se vizeSaNIbhUta sAmAnya hI durgraha ho jAtA hai, jo viziSTa jJAna ke prati kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai| taba samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya meM durgrahatva anivArya hai| [sAmAnya kI durghahatA kA nirAkaraNa-samAdhAna ] vaizeSikoM ke isa AkSepa kA nirAkaraNa "ata eva" pada se upAdhyAyajI sUcita karate haiM-isa kA yaha Azaya hai ki hama vyakti meM jo samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya hai vaha anugata pratIti janakatArUpa hI hai| anugatabuddhi janakatA svabhAva samAnapariNAma meM sAmAnya kA praveza vizeSaNatayA nahIM hotA hai| ataH samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya jJAna meM sAmAnya jJAna kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai / isalie AtmAzraya aura parasparAzraya doSa kA bhI prasaMga nahIM

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH 85 tathApyanuvRttidhIjananasvabhAvapariNAmatvena nAnuvRttidhIjanakatA, AtmAzrayAditi cet ? na, vastunastatsvabhAvasya mRtpariNAmatvAdinA janakatve'doSAt, janakatAyA api pariNAmarUpatvena nAnAtvasya doSA'navahatvAtsaMgrahA dezAdekatvasambhavena kAryAnumAnAnacchedAditi dik / AtA hai aura samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya meM dugrahatva kA bhI prasaMga nahIM AtA hai / samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya yadi sAmAnya ghaTita hotA to ina prasaMgoM kA sambhava hotA / hamane to anuvRtti buddhi janana svabhAva hI sAmAnya svIkAra kiyA hai / isalie kisI doSa kA sambhava nahIM hai / [ anuvRttibuddhi kI kAraNatA meM AtmAzraya doSa kI zaMkA ] ( tathApyanuvRtti) - ukta samAdhAna se santuSTa na hokara yadi yaha zaMkA kI jAya ki samAnapariNAma ko anugatapratItijanakatAsvabhAva mAnane para vizeSa aura sAmAnya meM parasparabheda yadyapi siddha ho jAtA hai, to bhI anuvRttibuddhi ke prati sAmAnya ko anuvRttibuddhi janakatAsvabhAvarUpa se hI kAraNa mAnanA hogA / isa kA to yaha artha huA, anuvRttibuddhi janakatA meM anuvRttibuddhijanakatA hI kAraNa hai / kintu yaha to sambhava nahIM hai / sva ke prati svayaM hI kAraNa ho aisA to kisI vAdI ko mAnya nahIM hai kyoMki sva ke prati sva ko kAraNa mAnane meM AtmAzraya doSa kA prasaMga hotA hai / sva kI utpatti aura jJapti meM sva kI apekSA honA hI AtmAzraya doSa kahA jAtA hai / yahA~ anuvRttibuddhi janakatA ke prati anuvRttibuddhi janakatA kI apekSA hone se AtmAzraya doSa spaSTa hai / isalie anuvRttibuddhi ke prati anuvRttibuddhijanakatAsvabhAva kAraNa hai, aisA kAryakAraNabhAva na ho sakegA to anuvRttibuddhi "syAdvAda" ke mata meM kaise hogI ? [mRtpariNAmatvAdi rUpa se kAraNatA nirdoSa-uttara ] sAmAdhAnaH- anuvRttibuddhijanakatAsvabhAva vastu ko anuvRttibuddhi ke prati hama mRtyariNAmatvAdirUpa se kAraNa mAnege / aisA mAnane meM AtmAzraya doSa kA prasaMga nahIM hogA, kyoMki mRtpariNAma ke zarIra meM janakatA kA praveza nahIM hai / bhAvArtha yaha hai ki ghaTa, zarAba, udaJcana, ityAdi jitane miTTI ke pariNAma hai, una sabhI meM 'yaha miTTI kA hai' isa taraha kA anuvRttibuddhi ke prati mRtpariNAmatvena kAraNatA syAdvAda siddhAnta meM mAnya hai aura mRtpariNAma vizeSa ghaTa meM "yaha ghaTa hai, yaha ghaTa hai" isa taraha kI anuvRttibuddhi ke prati mRtpariNAma vizeSatvena kAraNatA mAnya hai / isI taraha yaha zarAva hai.... yaha zarAva hai isa taraha kI anuvRttibuddhi ke prati mRtpariNAmavizeSatvena kAraNatA mAnya hai / isIlie AtmAzraya doSa kA avasara nahIM AtA hai / mUla meM jo "Adi" pada hai usa kA tattatmRtpariNAma vizeSatvena tattat anugatabuddhi ke prati kAraNatA kA saMgraha karanA, yahI tAtparya hai /

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upA. yazovijayaracite 'aviSaya evAyaM sAmAnyAkAra' ityapi na yuktam , bIjAbhAvAt / 'anAdivAsanAdoSo bIjami'ti, cet ? na, vAsanAyA bodharUpatve samanantarajJAne'pi tatprasaGgAt / viziSTabodharUpatve ca kiM vaiziSTyamiti vAcyam / 'anAdihetuparamparAjanyatvamiti cet ? na, tatrApi tanmAtrA'vizeSAt , samudromikalpanAyA api citrahetusvabhAvAGgIkAraM vinA vaktumazakyatvAditi vivecitamanyatra // zaMkAH-tattat anuvRttibuddhirUpa kArya ke bheda se anuvRttibuddhi kAraNatA bhI tatatpariNAmavizeSasvarUpa hogii| isalie ghaTAdivastu meM bhinna bhinna kAraNatA siddha hogA, taba to, anuvRttibuddhijanakatArUpa sAmAnya bhI bhinna bhinna hogA / ataH vizeSa kI apekSA se sAmAnya meM vizeSatA na hone kA prasaga punaH A jAyagA aura anuvattibuddhi rUpa kArya se samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya kA anumAna jo kiyA jAtA hai, usa kA uccheda prasa'ga bhI hogA ? samAdhAnaH-jaina mata meM vastumAtra aneka dharmAtmaka svIkRta hai / ataH anuvRttibuddhijanakatAsvabhAva sAmAnya bhI ekatva aura anekatva ina donoM dharma se yukta hai / taba yadi anuvRttibuddhijanakatA meM bheda AtA hai, vaha doSakAraka nahIM hai kyoMki bheda hone para bhI anuvRttibuddhijanakatA meM sagrahanaya ke Adeza se ekatva bhI prApta hai / isalie vizeSa padArtha se vizeSatA na rahane kA prasaga nahIM AtA hai aura kAryaliGgaka kAraNAnumAna kA uccheda prasaMga bhI nahIM AtA hai| [sAmAnyaviSayaka buddhi nirviSayaka hone kI bauddha zaMkA ] (aviSaya0) atirikta sAmAnyavAdI "kaNAda" mata kA nirAkaraNa karane ke bAda aba jJAnamAtra ko paramArtha mAnanevAle bauddhamata kA nirAkaraNa prastuta grantha se kiyA jAtA hai / usa kI zaMkA yaha hai ki samAnAkAra bodha arthAt anuvRttibuddhi viSaya ke vinA bhI ho sakatI hai, taba samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya ko mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? "ghaTo'ya...ghaTo'ya" ityAdi anuvRttivuddhi nirviSayaka hI mAna lenA ucita hai| ___samAdhAna:-anugata viSaya mAne binA anugatAkAra buddhi ho hI nahIM sakatI, kyoMki buddhi meM tattadAkAratA kA niyAmaka tattadviSaya hI hotA hai / anuvRttibuddhi kA viSaya anugata sAmAnya yadi na mAnA jAya, to nimitta ke abhAva se vaha buddhi nahIM hogii| sAmAnya se atirikta koI bhI nimitta dRSTigocara nahIM hai / isalie samAnapariNAmasvarUpa sAmAnya ko mAnanA Avazyaka hai| zaMkA:-bauddha kA kathana hai ki Apa kI dRSTi meM sAmAnya se atirikta anugatabuddhi kA nimitta nahIM AtA ho, isa se nimitta kA abhAva siddha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki anAdivAsanArUpadoSa hI nirviSayaka anuvRttibuddhi kA bIja hai, yaha hama logoM kI dRSTi kA gocara hai / ataH anAdivAsanArUpadoSa se hI vaha buddhi hotI hai, isa ke lie sAmAnya ko mAnane kI jarUrata nahIM hai ?

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. nayarahasye naigamana yaH samAdhAna :-Apa ke mata meM jJAna se atirikta koI bhI vastu sat nahIM hai / isalie vAsanA ko jJAnAtirikta to Apa mAna sakate nahIM hai, vaisA mAnane meM Apa kA siddhAnta vijJAnAdvaitavAda nahIM raha skegaa| isalie anAdivAsanArUpa doSa ko jJAnarUpa hI Apa mAna sakate hai / taba yaha prazna uThatA hai ki vaha anAdivAsanArUpa bodhamAtra svarUpa hai yA viziSTabodha svarUpa hai ? yadi vAsanA ko bodhamAtra svarUpa mAne to, samanantara pratyaya meM bhI vAsanA kA prasaMga AyegA aura samanantara pratyaya se hI uttara jJAna kI utpatti Apa ko mAnya hai / avyavahita pUrva jJAnakSaNa hI Apa ke mata meM svIkRta hai / taba to anAdivAsanArUpa doSa se yukta samanantara pratyaya se samutpanna jJAna mAtra meM anugatAkAratva kA prasaMga AyegA / yadi viziSTa bodhasvarUpa anAdivAsanA doSa mAne, to Apa ko bodhagata vaziSTya kyA hai-yaha kahanA paDegA / hamAre sammata viSaya ko hI bodhagata vaiziSTya Apa bhI mAnate ho, taba to, samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya Apa ko bhI mAnanA Avazyaka hogA kyoMki viSayarUpa vaziSTya kA Apane bhI svIkAra kiyA hai / / bauddha :-anAdi hetu paramparA janyatva ko bodhagata vaiziSTya hama mAnate haiM, viSayarUpa vaiziSTya ko nahIM mAnate haiN| isalie samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya mAnanA Avazyaka nahIM hai| jaina :-anAdihetu paramparA janyatvarUpa vaiziSTaya se yukta bodharUpa vAsanA ko svIkAra kare, to samanantara pratyaSa meM anAdi vAsanArUpa doSa kA prasaga pUrvavat hogA kyoMki jJAnamAtra meM anAdihetu paramparA janyatva samAnarUpa se Apake bhata me rahatA hai aura jJAnamAtra sabhanantara pratyaya janya Apa mAnate haiM, to jJAnamAtra meM samAnAkAratA kA prasaga pUrvavat avasthita hogaa| bauddhaH-samudra ke taraGga samudra se bhinna nahIM mAne jAte haiM, to bhI samudra ke taraMgoM meM samudrAkAra buddhi hotI hai, usI taraha samAja pariNAmarUpa sAmAnya na mAnane para bhI samAnAkArabuddhi-anuvRttibuddhi ho sakatI hai / taba samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya mAnanA nira. rthaka hai| jaina :-samudra meM UrmI kI kalpanA kA viSaya jo samudra hai, usa samudra ko citrasvabhAva-ekAneka svabhAva jarUra mAnanA paDegA / eka svabhAvarUpa viSaya ko lekara yaha samudra hai aisI buddhi hotI hai aura aneka svabhAva ko viSaya mAnakara ye taraMga hai, aisI buddhi hotI hai / ataH samudra meM UrmIbuddhi bhI viSaya ke binA nahIM hotI hai| isI taraha samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya mAne binA samAnAkArabuddhi-anuvRttibuddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai| isalie samAnapariNAmarUpa sAmAnya avazya mAnanA cAhie / isa kI vizeSa vivecanA anya granthoM meM "upAdhyAyajI" ne kI hai / vizeSa jijJAsu logoM ko una granthoM kA avalokana karanA cAhie / yahA~ taka ke grantha se kaNAdamatAnuyAyiyoM ke sammata dharmI se sarvathA bhinna sAmAnya kA nirAkaraNa kiyA gayA hai aura jaina sammata samAnapariNAmasvabhAva sAmAnya kA samarthana tathA sAmAnya ko vAstava meM nahIM mAnanevAle baudoM ke mata kA nirAsa kiyA gayA hai|

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upA0 yazovijayaracite vizeSAtireke'pi na pramANamasti, vizeSANAmiva nityadravyANAmapi svata eva vyAvRttatvAt , anyathA nityaguNeSvapi tatkalpanaprasaGgAt / 'AzrayavizeSeNAzritavyAvRte yaM doSa' iti cet ? AzritavizeSeNAzrayavyAvRttirityeva kimiti nAdriyate ? (vizeSAtireke) kaNAdamata ke anuyAyI vidvAnoM ke sammata sAmAnya kA nirAkaraNa karane ke bAda prakRta grantha se kaNAda sammata dharmI se atirikta vizeSa kA nirAkaraNa karanA hai to pahale unakA siddhAnta dekhiye [ svatantra vizeSa padArtha kI siddhi meM kaNAdamata-pUrvapakSa ] - atirikta vizeSa padArtha mAnane meM ve loga yukti dete haiM ki jAtimAn padArthoM kA bheda jAti se siddha hotA hai / jaise-dravyapadArtha guNakarmAdi padArtho se bhinna hai isa bheda kA sAdhaka dravyatva jAti dravyapadArtha meM hai / aise guNa meM guNatva jAti se guNetara bheda kI siddhi hotI hai / ghaTapaTAdi padArthoM meM bhI ghaTatva-paTatvAdi jAtiyoM se hI paraspara bheda kI siddhi hotI hai, isI taraha eka jAtimAna avayavI padArtho kA paraspara bheda avayavoM ke bheda se siddha hotA hai / jase-ghaTatvarUpa eka jAtimAna sabhI ghaTa hai, una ghaToM meM paraspara bheda kI siddhi jAtibheda se nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki sabhI ghaToM meM ghaTatva jAti eka hI hai| isalie jahA~ jAti bhedasAdhaka nahIM bana sakatI, vahA~ avayavabheda se hI avayaviyoM kA parasparabheda siddha hotA hai| avayava ke bheda se vyaNuka paryanta avayaviyoM kA bheda siddha hotA hai, parantu jahA~ jAti bhI samAna hI hai aura avayava nahIM hai, aise padArtha pArthiva paramANu hai kyoMki sabhI pArthiva paramANuoM meM pRthvItva jAti eka hI rahatI hai aura paramANu kaNAdamata meM niravayava mAne jAte haiM / pArthiva paramANu bhI aneka taraha ke hota haiM / jina pArthiva paramANuoM se mudaga banatA hai ve mudagArambhaka paramANu kahe jAte haiM aura jina paramANuoM se yava utpanna hotA hai, ve paramANu yavArambhaka paramANu kahe jAte haiM / isItaraha mASArambhakaparamANu, godhUmArambhaka paramANu bhI haiN| ina paramANuoM meM paraspara bheda mAnA jAtA hai| yadi ina paramANuoM meM paraspara bheda na mAnA jAya to mudagArambhaka paramANuoM se yava kI utpatti aura yavArambhaka paramANuoM se mudaga kI utpatti kA prasaGga AtA hai| isa prasaMga kA vAraNa karane ke lie ina paramANuoM meM paraspara bheda mAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai / kiMtu prazna yaha uThatA hai ki ina paramANuoM ke paraspara bheda kA sAdhaka bane to kauna bane ? jAtibheda se ina kA bheda siddha honA asambhava hai kyoMki ina sabhI paramANuoM meM eka hI pRthvItva jAti hai| avayava bhI avaya SiyoM ke hI bhedaka hote haiM, niravayava paramANuoM ke bhedaka bana sakate nhiiN| isalie kaNAdamata meM 'vizeSa'nAma kA atirikta padArtha mAnA jAtA hai| ve vizeSa padArtha nitya dravya meM rahate haiM, nitya dravya ananta haiN| ata: tattada nitya dravyavatti vizeSa bhI ananta mAne jAte haiM aura paraspara bhinna mAne jAte haiM / vahI vizeSa mudagArambhaka paramANu aura yavArambhaka paramANu ke bheda kA sAdhaka banate haiN|

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH bheda siddha karane ke lie anumAna kA prayoga isa DhaMga se karate haiM ki-mudagArambhakaparamANu yavArambhaka paramANu se bhinna haiM kyoMki ina meM mudagArambhakaparamANuvRtti vizeSa rahate haiM / isIrIti ke anumAna se yayArambhaka paramANu meM bhI mudgArambhaka paramANuoM kA bheda siddha hotA hai / aba yahA~ prazna UThatA hai ki ye vizeSa paraspara bhinna haiM yA abhinna haiM ? abheda pakSa kA AzrayaNa karanA sambhava nahIM hai| yadi mudagArambhaka paramANuvRttivizeSa aura yavArambhakaparamANavattivizeSa abhinna hoMge, to svAzrayabhUta paramANuoM meM bheda sAdhaka nahIM bana skeNge| yadi bheda pakSa kA avalambana kiyA jAya to yaha prazna UThatA hai ki ina vizeSoM kA bhedaka kauna ? vizeSoM meM paraspara bheda siddhi ke lie yadi vizeSAntara mAnA jAya to anavasthA doSa kA prasaGga AtA hai / ataH, 'vizeSa svayaM hI svabheda ke sAdhaka banate haiM' isataraha kI mAnyatA kaNAdamata meM hai / isIlie ve loga vizeSa kA "svatovyAvartaka" zabda se vyavahAra karate haiM / svaliGgaka svetarabhedAnumitijanakatva yahI svatovyAvartakatva padArtha hai, aisI vyAkhyA una ke mata meM pracalita hai / jase-mudgArambhaka paramANuvRtti vizeSa svetara bhinna haiM kyoMki ve mudgArambhakaparamANuvRttivizeSAtmaka hai-yaha una logoM kA anumAna prayoga hai / isa prayoga meM mudgArambhakaparamANuvRttivizeSa pakSa mAnA gayA hai aura svetarabheda sAdhyarUpa se vivakSita hai, mudgArambhakaparamANuvRttivizeSa hI tAdAtmyasambandha se hetu mAnA gayA hai / ataH vizeSoM kA bhI paraspara bheda siddha ho jAtA hai, taba koI anupapatti nahIM rahatI hai / [ svatantra vizeSa padArtha kA nirAkaraNa-uttarapakSa ] parantu "upAdhyAyajI" kaNAda kI mAnyatA kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie kahate haiM ki isataraha ke dharmI se atyanta bhinna vizeSapadArtha ko mAnane meM kucha pramANa nahIM hai| svatovyAvRtta vizeSapadArtha ko mAnakara tadAzrayabhUta paramANu Adi nitya dravyoM kI paraspara vyAvRtti karanA hI kaNAdamatAvalambiyoM kA mukhya uddezya hai| vizeSoM ko svatovyAvRtta jaise ve loga mAnate haiM usI taraha nitya dravyoM ko bhI yadi svato vyAvRtta mAna liyA jAya to atirikta vizeSa padArtha mAne binA bhI paramANu Adi nitya dravyoM kA paraspara bheda siddha ho sakatA hai / sudUgArambhaka paramANu svetarabhinna hai, kyoMki mudagArambhaka paramANvAtmaka haiM, isa taraha kA anumAna ho sakatA hai / inhIM anumAnoM se nityadravyoM meM parasparabheda siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai, ataH atirikta vizeSa padArtha kA svIkAra karanA apramANika hai / yadi nityadravyoM meM svatovyAvRttatva sambhAvita hone para bhI usa ko na mAnakara nitya dravyoM kI paraspara vyAvRtti ke lie atirikta padArtha vizeSa ko mAnane kA durAgraha kaNAdamatAnuyAyi loga rakhate haiM, to nitya dravyoM kI taraha nityaguNoM meM bhI atirikta vizeSa padArtha kI kalpanA kA prasaMga una ko AtA hai / isalie atirikta vizeSa padArtha kA svIkAra karane kA durAgraha paizeSikoM ko choDa denA cAhie / zaGkAH-paramANu Adi nitya dravyoM meM paraspara bheda sAdhaka pUrvokta rIti se koI nahIM milatA hai. isalie nityadravyoM meM paraspara bheda sAdhaka vizeSa padArtha mAnanA Avazyaka 12

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upA. yazovijayaracite "sada viziSTameva sarva', bhedapratiyogitvAnuyogitvAdeH svarUpasambandhAtmakatvenApyantato jagadaikyaparyavasAnAt , bhedasyA'vidyopakalpitatvAt , tathaiva atisvarasAda" ityadvaitavAdizrIharSamatamapi na ramaNIyam , bhedasyA'vAstavatve tadabhAvarUpA'bhedasyApi tathAtvAt , tAdAtmyasyApi jagataH paunaruktyAdyApalyA sarvathA vaktumazakyatvAccetyanyatra vistaraH / hotA hai / nityaguNoM meM yaha bAta nahIM hai, kyoMki Azraya ke bheda se hI paramANu Adi meM Azrita nityaguNoM kA bheda siddha ho sakatA hai, kyoMki nityaguNa jo eka dravya meM samavAya sambandha se rahate haiM, ve hI nityaguNa samavAya sambandha se anya nityadravya meM nahIM rahate haiM / ataH isa paramANu meM samaveta rUpAdi nityaguNa anya paramANu meM samaveta nityaguNa se bhinna haiM, kyoMki ye isI paramANu meM Azrita haiN| jo nityaguNa jisa nitya dravya vyakti meM Azrita haiM, ve nityaguNa tadanya nityadravya samaveta guNoM se bhinna haiM / jaise-mudgArambhaka paramANavRtti nityaguNa yavArambhaka paramANuvRtti nityaguNoM se bhinna haiN| athavA AkAzavRtti parimANa nityaguNa AtmA, kAla, dikavRtti parimANa nityaguNa se bhinna haiM / ataH nityaguNa meM vizeSa kalpanA kA prayojana kucha bhI nahIM hai| isalie nityaguNoM meM bhI nityadravyoM ke jaise vizeSa kalpanA kA prasaGga denA niyuktika hai| samAdhAna:- jaise nityadravyoM meM atirikta vizeSa ko mAnakara paraspara bheda siddha kara ke paraspara bhinna Azraya ke bheda se tadAzrita nityaguNoM meM bheda kI siddhi kaNAdamatAnuyAyi karate haiM, to ina ko yaha samajhAnA hai ki nityagaNoM meM hI vizeSapadArtha ko mAnakara, una vizeSoM ke bheda se nityaguNa kA bheda siddha kara ke tadanaMtara nityadravyAzrita nityaguNoM ke bheda se tadAzraya nityadravyoM kI bhI vyAvRtti ho sakatI hai / ataH paramANa nitya dravya se bhinna haiM kyoMki isa meM etatparamANavRtti nityaguNa rahate haiM / athavA AkAzarUpa nityadravya AtmAdi nityadravya se bhinna hai kyoMki AkAzavRttiparimANarUpa nityaguNavAlA hai, isataraha ke anumAnoM kA avatAra nityaguNoM meM vizeSasvIkAra pakSa meM bhI ho sakatA hai / taba nityadravyoM meM hI vizeSa ko svIkAra karanA cAhie, yaha pakSa pramANa se rahita hai, ataH atirikta vizeSapadArtha mAnane meM koI pramANa nahIM hai / [ sattva kA lakSaNa trikAlA'vAdhyatva-vedAntI zrIharSa ] (sadaviziSTa) brahmAdvaitavAdi zrIharSa brahma ko satarUpa mAnate haiM, brahma meM tArkikAbhimata sattAjAtirUpa sattva isa ko sammata nahIM hai, kyoMki jAti nAma kA padArtha hI una ke mata meM nahIM hai / jAti kA lakSaNa tArkika loga karate haiM ki "jo vastu svayaM nitya ho aura aneka vyaktiyoM meM samavAya sambandha se rahatI ho vahI jAti hai|" parantu yaha lakSaNa advaitavAdI vedAnto nahIM mAnate haiM kyoMki una ke ta se brahma ko choDakara aura koI bhI vastu nitya svIkRta nahIM hai aura samavAya bhI una ke meta meM svIkRta nahIM hai isalie nityatva aura samavAya se ghaTita jAti kA lakSaNa una ke mata meM asambhavita

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH hai / "arthakriyAkAritvaM sattvam" yaha bauddha sammata sat kA lakSaNa hai yaha bhI advaitavedAntI ko mAnya nahIM hai| una ke mata meM brahma nirguNa, niSkriya, nirdharmaka, nirvizeSa svIkRta hai| zuddha brahma puSkarapalAza jaisA nirlepa hai ataH arthakriyA usa meM sambhavita nahIM hai isalie bauddhasammata sattva bhI una ke mata se saGgata nahIM hai, ve loga "trikAlAbAdhyatvarUpa sattva" mAnate haiN| jisa vastu kA bhUta, bhaviSyat aura vartamAna ina tInoM kAloM meM se kisI kAla meM kisI bhI pramANa se bAdha nahIM hotA hai vahI vastu sat hai / aisI vastu kevala brahma hI hai / brahmasAkSAtkAra hone ke bAda ghaTa-paTAdirUpa prapaJca kA bAdha ho jAtA hai, ataH ghaTapaTAdi padArtha pratyakSAdi pramANa se pratIyamAna hone para bhI sat nahIM hai aisI una kI mAnyatA hai| dUsarI bhI yukti ve loga dete haiM ki "jo sarvatra anuvartamAna hotA hai vaha sat haijo vyAvartamAna hotA hai vaha pratIyamAna hone para bhI sata nahIM hai / 'ghaTaHsana, paTaHsan' ityAdi sabhI pratItiyoM meM sat anuvatta mAna hai, isalie satpadavAcya brahma hI satya hai / 'ghaTaHsan' isa pratIti meM yadyapi ghaTa bhI anuvartamAna hai, tathApi "paTaHsan" isa te meM ghaTa kI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai kyoMki paTaHsan isa pratIti meM ghaTa kA AbhAsa nahIM hotA / tathA, "paTaHsan" isa pratIti meM paTa anuvartamAna hai to bhI "ghaTaHsan' isa pratIti meM paTa kI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai, kAraNa, ghaTaHsan isa pratIti meM paTa kA AbhAsa nahIM hotA hai / ataH ghaTa paTa Adi samasta prapaJca asat hai / asat hone para bhI ye saba avidyAvazAt brahma meM kalpita haiM isalie 'ghaTaHsan' ityAdi pratItiyoM meM bhAsita hote haiM / "ghaTaHsan" ityAdi pratItiyoM meM sat aura ghaTAdi kA samAnAdhikaraNa bhAsita hotA hai| vibhinna rUpa se 'ghaTa' aura 'sat' pada eka hI artha ke bodhaka hote haiM, isIlie ghaTapaTAdi padArtha sat se aviziSTa haiM, arthAt abhinna haiM / "bhinnapravRttinimittAnAM zabdAnAM ekArthabodhakatvaM sAmAnAdhikaraNyam' yaha sAmAnAdhikaraNya kA lakSaNa hai / bhinna-bhinna pravRttinimitta hone para bhI jo zabda eka hI artha ko batAte hoM una zabdoM meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya rahatA hai aura una samAnAdhikaraNa zabdoM se bodhita artha abhinna hotA hai / "ghaTaHsan , paTaHsan" ityAdi prayogoM meM sat zabda aura ghaTAdizabda prayukta hote haiM, isalie ina samAnAdhikaraNa zabdoM se bodhita 'sat'rUpa artha aura ghaTa paTAdirUpa artha abhinna hai, isIlie ghaTapaTAdirUpa artha sat rUpa artha se aviziSTa haiN| "sarva khalvidaM brahma, AtmaivedaM sarvam" ityAdi zruti vAkyoM se bhI pUrvakathita artha kA samarthana milatA hai / ina vAkyoM kA yaha artha mAnA jAtA hai ki pratyakSAdi pramANoM se dRzyamAna ye sabhI ghaTapaTAdi prapaJca brahmarUpa hI hai, arthAt brahma se abhinna haiM / Atmazabda bhI ina ke mata meM brahmarUpa artha kA hI vAcaka hai| ataH ina vAkyoM se bhI sabhI vastu sat se aviziSTa hai aisA siddha hotA hai| bhedavAdI tArkikoM kI AzaGkA hai ki jaise Apane ghaTapaTAdi padArtho ko brahma se abhinna siddha kiyA hai, vaise hI ghaTapaTAdi padArthoM meM paraspara bheda bhI to siddha hotA hai / bheda ko na svIkAra karanevAle Apa ke mata meM ghaTapaTAdi pada aura ghaTapaTAdi artha ina meM jo vaicitrya kA vyavahAra hotA hai, vaha kaise hogA ? tathA ghaTapaTAdi padArthoM kA

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upA. yazovijayaracita brahma se abhinnatA hone ke kAraNa yadi abheda mAnA jAya to "paTaH ghaTAda bhinnaH" yaha pratIti nahIM hogI kintu ghaTa ke lie bhI 'paTaH' yahI buddhi hogI aura paTa ke lie bhI ghaTaH yahI buddhi hogI, isalie ghaTa-paTAdi padArthI kA bheda mAnanA cAhie aura ghaTa-paTa kA yadi abheda' ho to "ghaTaH paTaH" aisA sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI ghaTa paTa meM bhAsegA. ataH bheda mAnanA Avazyaka hai| isa AzaMkA ke uttara meM vedAntI kA kathana hai ki-"ghaTaH paTAda bhinnaH' isa pratIti meM bhedapratiyogitA jo paTa meM bhAsita hotI hai vaha paTasvarUpa hai yA paTa kA koI dharma hai ? evam , bhedIya anuyogitA jo ghaTa meM bhAsita hotI hai vaha ghaTasvarUpa hai yA ghaTa kA koI dharma hai ? isa meM prathama pakSa to bheda sAdhaka nahIM ho sakatA, kAraNa, vaha paTabheda ghaTasvarUpa hI siddha hotA hai, isa se paTaniSThapratiyogitA ghaTanirUpitapratiyogitA banatI hai aura pratiyogitA bhI paTasvarUpa hai, to paTasvarUpa ghaTanirUpita pratiyogitA apane svarUpa meM ghaTa ko bhI rakha letI hai / isalie ghaTa-paTa kA abheda hI siddha ho jAtA hai / yadi vaha pratiyogitA dharmarUpa hai to paTarUpa dharmI ke sAtha dharmarUpa pratiyogitA kA kucha sambandha mAnanA paDegA / koI bhI sambandha yadi na ho to bhI dharma-dharmAbhAva mAne ge to, himAcala aura vindhyAcala meM bhI dharma-dharmIbhAva kA prasaGga ho jAyagA, ataH sambandha mAnanA Avazyaka hai / vaha sambandha bhI asambaddha hokara ke paTa meM rahegA, to asambaddhatva anya ke sAtha bhI samAna hI hai, isalie pUkti himAcala aura vindhyAcala meM bhI dharma-dharmIbhAva kA prasaGga A paDegA / ataH usa sambandha ko paTa meM rakhane ke lie sambandhAntara kI apekSA rahegI, vaha sambandhantira bhI kisI anya sambandha se hI rahegA, ataH anavasthA kA prasaGga hogA / isI rIti se bhedAnuyogitA ko ghaTa meM rakhane ke lie kimI sambandha kI apekSA avazya hogI, vaha sambandha bhI sambandhAntara se hI rahegA, uma ko bhI sambandhAntara kI apekSA hogI / taba to anavasthA kA prasaMga Ae binA nahIM rahegA / phalataH pratiyogitA aura anuyogitA donoM ke lie pahale se hI athavA anta meM jAkara svarUpa sambandha hI mAnanA hogA taba to dharmI kA svarUpa sambandha dharmarUpa hogA aura dharma kA svarUpa sambandha dharmArUpa hogA taba dharmI aura dharma meM abheda siddha ho jAyagA, ataH ghaTanirUpita pratiyogitA jo paTaniSTha hai, vaha ghaTa ko apane svarUpa meM rakhatI huI, paTa se abhinna banatI hai, to ghaTa bhI paTa se abhinna bana jAyagA evam, paTa niSTha pratiyogitA nirUpaka bhedIya anuyogitA jo apane svarUpa meM paTa ko rakhatI huI, ghaTasvarUpa siddha hotI hai to paTa bhI ghaTa se abhinna ho jAyagA / isarIti se samagra jagat kA aikya meM hI paryavasAna ho jAyagA / yaha jo prazna kiyA thA ki bheda ko na mAnane para tattat pada aura tattat padArtho meM vacitrya vyavahAra kaise hogA aura "ghaTa:paTAd bhinnaH" yaha vyavahAra kaise hogA ? vaha prazna bhI saMgata nahIM hai / kAraNa, pAramArthika abheda ko mAnate hue bhI vedAntI apAramArthika bheda kA khaNDana nahIM karate haiM, kintu avidyA se kalpita apAramArthika bheda kA svIkAra karate haiN| usa apAramArthikabheda kA avalambana karake hI tattat pada aura tattat padArthoM meM vaicitrya vyavahAra hogA aura "ghaTaHpaTAda bhinnaH" yaha bhedavyavahAra bhI hogA / yadi tArkikoM ko zaGkA ho ki-'isataraha ke abheda mAnane meM kyA pramANa

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH hai ? kevala yukti se abheda siddha karane meM vizvAsa nahIM rakhA jA sakatA, kAraNa, Apa se adhika yuktipaTu koI paNDita dezAntara vA kAlAntara meM siddha ho sakatA hai jo apane pratibhA ke bala se bheda kA samarthana kara sake-isa AzaGkA ko dUra karane ke lie zrIharSa kA kahanA hai ki jina tarko ke dvArA maine sakala jagata ko sat se abhinna siddha kiyA hai, ve tarka zruti ke abhiprAyAnusArI hI haiM / "ekamevA'dvitIya-neha nAnA'sti kiMcana' 'sarva khala huI brahma" ityAdi zrati vAkyoM se jagata meM sadaviziSTatA kA hI pratipAdana hotA hai / isalie abhedasAdhaka tarka jo die gae haiM, ve zratipramANa ke anukUla hone ke kAraNa avizvasanIya nahIM hai ataH sabhI vastu sat se abhinna haiM, yaha mata saGgata hai| [ bheda avAstava hone para abheda bhI asiddha-jaina mata ] (bhedasyAvAstavatve) prakRta grantha se granthakAra yaha batAte haiM ki pUrvayarNita advatavAdi zrIharSa kA mata bhI vicAra karane para manorama nahIM lagatA, kAraNa, jagata meM jo vaicitrya kA anubhava hotA hai aura "ghaTaHpaTAda bhinnaH" ityAdi bheda pratIti hotI hai usa kA upapAdana karane ke lie bheda ko ve avidyAkalpita mAnate haiN| kiMtu bheda ko avidyA kalpita hone ke kAraNa avAstava mAnA jAya, to bhedAbhAvarUpa abheda bhI avAstava hI hogA, kyoMki jisa abhAva kA pratiyogi avAstava hotA hai vaha abhAva bhI avAstava hI hotA hai / isa sthiti meM abheda ko vAstava mAnanA sambhavita nahIM ho sakatA / kAraNa, abheda bhedAbhAva svarUpa hI siddha hotA hai| yadi ve kahe ki-"sadaviziSTa sarva" isa mAnyatA meM aviziSTa pada kA artha hama 'abheda' nahIM karate haiM kintu aviziSTa pada se tAdAtmyarUpa artha vivakSita hai, aisA mAnate haiN| taba to tAdAtmya meM avAstavatva nahIM AtA, kyoMki tAdAtmya kalpitapratiyogika abhAvarUpa nahIM hai / ' taba una ko pUchanA cAhie ki jagata meM sat kA sarvathA tAdAtmya Apa ko vivakSita hai, yA kathaJcit tAdAtmya vivakSita hai? isa meM prathama pakSa to saGgata nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki sat kA sarvathA tAdAtmya ghaTapaTAdi prapaJca meM yadi vivakSita ho to jo artha ghaTa pada se vivakSita hogA, vaha artha to paTAdi padoM kA bhI hogA kyoMki sabhI sadAtmaka haiM / taba punarukti doSa kA prasaGga hogaa| uparAMta, ghaTa pada se hI sakala artha kA kathana ho jAyagA to paTAdi padoM meM nirarthakatva kA bhI prasaGga A jAyagA, kyoMki paTAdi padoM ke uccAraNa kA koI prayojana nahIM rahegA, ataH sarvathA sattAdAtmya ko mAnanA zakya nahIM hai / yadi dvitIya pakSa vivakSita karate haiM to vaha bhI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki kathaJcit tAdAtmya mAnane para bheda meM vAstavatva mAnA jAya to bhI koI virodha nahIM rahatA / kiMtu taba sabhI vastu meM brahmAbhinnatva kI siddhi nahIM hogI / ataH Apa ke siddhAnta kI hAni hogI. kyoMki "ekamevAdvitIyam" isa zruti ke anusAra brahmAvata hI Apa kA siddhAnta hai / evam "sadaviziSTa sarvam" isa kathana se yadi sat kA kathaJcit tAdAtmya sarva vastu meM Apa ko vivakSita ho, to jaina siddhAnta meM praveza kA prasaMga AyagA kyoMki jaina siddhAnta meM bhI "sadaviziSTaM sarvam" yaha kathaMcit mAnya hai| jana mata meM "utpAda-vyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat" yaha sat kA svarUpa hai aura aisA sattva sabhI vastu meM hai isalie sabhI

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upA. yazovijayaracite "NegehiM mANehiM miNai ttI ya Negamassa ya niruttI // ti" (anuyogadvAra-136) sUtram / naikamAnameyaviSayo'dhyavasAyo naiMgama ityetadarthaH / "nigameSu ye'bhihitAH zabdAsteSAmarthaH zabdArthapa rijJAnaM ca dezasamagragrAhI naigama" iti tattvArthabhASyam / (1-35) atra pUrvadalaM maduktalakSaNakathanAbhiprAyam , uttaradalaM ca viSayavibhAgavidhAnirUpaNAbhiprAyamAtram / dezagrAhitvaM-vizeSapradhAnatvaM, samagragrAhitvaM ca sAmAnyapradhAnatvaM pAribhASikam / anyathA sAmAnyavizeSayoddha yorapi vastvekadezatvAt kiM (kathaM) dvairUpyaM syAt ? evamasya pramANatvaM syAt ? na syAt pratyekaM bhedazastadubhayaviSayatve'pi sambhUyobhayaviSayatvA'yogAt / vastu sadaviziSTa hai, ataH dvitIyapakSa meM jaina kI mAnyatA se kucha adhika kathana Apa nahIM karate haiM / isalie Apa kA mata vidvAnoM ko nahIM jacatA hai / upAdhyAyajI yahA~ yaha sUcita karate haiM ki zrIharSa ke mata kA nirAkaraNa dUsare granthoM meM savistara kiyA gayA hai, isa hetu se yahA~ saMkSepa se hI kiyA hai| vizeSa jijJAsAvAle ko zAstravA di granthAntara kA avalokana karanA cAhie / yahA~ yaha AzaGkA ho sakatI hai ki paizeSika to sAmAnya-vizeSa ko vasta se pakAnta bhinna mAnate haiM, isalie una kI mAnyatA jainoM kI mAnyatA se viruddha hai kyoMki jaina siddhAnta meM vastu mAtra sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka bhI mAnya hai, ataH sAmAnya vizeSAtmakatA vastu meM nirUpaNa karane ke prasaMga meM paizeSika mata kA nirAkaraNa to saMgata hai kintu zrIharSa ke mata meM vastu se ekAnta bhinna sAmAnya vizeSa mAnya nahIM hai, to sAmAnya. vizeSAtmaka vastu nirUpaNa ke prasaMga meM zrIharSa ke mata kA pratipAdana aura nirAsa na karane meM koI saMgati nahIM baiThatI / isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki sabhI vastu ko "sadaviziSTa" mAnanevAle ke mata meM yadyapi atirikta sAmAnya vizeSa kA abhyupagama nahIM hai, tathApi jaina sammata sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastu kA bhI abhyupagama nahIM hai / isalie jaina kI mAnyatA se viparIta mAnyatA zrIharSa ke mata meM bhI hai, ataH usa kA nirasana kie binA svasiddhAnta kA sampUrNa pratipAdana nahIM ho sakatA, isalie usa kA bhI nirasana karanA Avazyaka hI hai / jaina se viparIta mAnyatA rakhanevAle vaizeSika ke mata kA nirasana karane ke bAda zrIharSa ke mata kA smaraNa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki zrIharSa bhI jaina kI apekSayA vastusvarUpa meM viruddha mAnyatA rakhate haiM, ataH una kI upekSA bhI nahIM kI jA sakatI hai| ata eva usake nirasana meM prasaMgasaMgati hone se usakA nirasana asaMgata nahIM hai / kAraNa, "smRtiviSayatve sati upekSAnahatvam" yaha prasaMgasaMgati kA lakSaNa zrIharSamata ke khaMDana meM ghaTita hai| [naigamanaya kI sUtrAnusAra nirukti ] (NegehiM) sAmAnyavizeSAtmaka vastu nirUpaNa ke bAda granthakAra ne ukta nagama lakSaNa ko pramANita karane ke lie "anuyogadvAra" ke (136 ve) sUtra kA uddharaNa kiyA hai| ["nakaiH

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH mAnaiH mimIte yaH, naigamasya niruktiH"] vyAkhyAkAra "hemacandrAcArtha'ne "na eka naka" aisA vigraha kara ke 'nekaiH' zabda kA "prabhUtaiH" aisA artha kahA hai / "nekaiH mAnaiH" ina donoM padoM se "mahAsattAsAmAnyavizeSAdijJAnaiH" aisA artha nikAlA hai| "bhimIte" zabda se "vastUni paricchitti" isa artha kA grahaNa kiyA hai, jisa se yaha artha nikalatA hai ki utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmakamahAsattAjJAna, anuvRttibuddhi jananasvabhAva pariNAmAtmaka sAmAnyajJAna, tathA vyAvRttibuddhijananasvabhAva pariNAmAtmaka vizeSajJAnoM ke dvArA vastuoM kA pariccheda jo karatA hai, vahI gama naya hai, naigama zabda kI yahI nirukti arthAta vyutpatti hai / isa sUtra ke sArAMza ko lekara granthakAra ne "naikamAnameyaviSayo'dhyavasAyo naigamaH" aisA artha batAyA hai / isa meM "neka" zabda kA prabhUta yA aneka artha hai, yahA~ "naika" zabda mAna kA vizeSaNa hai / isa mAna zabda se yahI artha vivakSita hai, jisa ko AcArya hemacandra ne isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA meM pradarzita kiyA hai, ataH mAna zabda kA mahAsattA jJAna, sAmAnyajJAna aura vizeSajJAna artha yahA~ karanA cAhie / ina jJAnoM se meya-paricchedya viSaya-artha jisa ke haiM vaha abhiprAya vizeSa hI naigama hai / tattvArthasUtra [1-35] ke bhASya meM "nigameSu ye'bhihitAH zabdAH, teSAmarthaH, zabdArthaparijJAnaM ca naigamaH" aisA lakSaNa kahA gayA hai / bhASya me jo nigama zabda hai usa kA artha 'loka' hai / isa se loka meM jo zabda jisa artha meM prayukta hote hoM ve zabda, una zabdoM ke artha aura una zabdArtha kA parijJAna "naigama" hai / granthakAra yaha batAte hai ki isa bhASya meM jo pUrva dala hai arthAt 'zabdArthaparijJAna ca' yahA~ taka ke bhAvyagrantha kA tAtparya usI lakSaNa meM hai, jo hama ne pahale batAyA hai| "lokaprasiddhArthIpagantRtvam" aisA naigama kA lakSaNa granthakAra pUrva meM batA cuke haiM / tattvArthabhASyokta lakSaNa se vaha lakSaNa milatA julatA hai| tatvArthabhASya meM dezasamagragrAhi yaha grantha uttara dala hai| isa kA abhiprAya lakSaNa kathana meM nahIM, kintu naigamanaya ke viSayoM kA vibhAga karane meM hai / yaha ucita bhI hai. kyoMki pUrvadala se lakSaNa kA kathana ho cukA hai, taba to viSaya kA vibhAjana hI avaziSTa rahatA hai jo uttara dala se kiyA gayA hai| nigama ke viSaya, vizeSa aura sAmAnya ye do hote haiM / jo naigama pradhAnatayA vizeSagrAhi hotA hai, vaha dezagrAhinegama kahA jAtA hai aura jo pradhAnatayA sAmAnyaviSayaka hotA hai, vaha samayagrAhI hotA hai| yadyapi sAmAnya vizeSa donoM hI vastu ke eka deza haiM, isalie naigama ke do bheda sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki dezagrAhi naigama meM sAmAnya bhI bhAsita hotA hai aura samagragrAhi naigama meM vizeSa bhI bhAsita hotA hai, tathApi syAdvAda" bhAnanevAle AcArya dezapada kI pradhAnIbhUtavizeSarUpa artha meM paribhASA, arthAt saMketa mAnate haiM aura samagrapada kI paribhASA pradhAnIbhUtasAmAnyarUpa artha meM mAnate haiM / isalie vizeSa pradhAna naigama dezagrAhi naigama hai aura sAmAnyapradhAna naigama samagragrAhi naigama hai, isa taraha kA viSayavibhAga siddha hotA hai| AzaMkAH-negama yadi pradhAnatayA vizeSa aura sAmAnya kA grAhaka mAnA jAyagA to pramANa meM aura negama meM kucha bheda nahIM rahegA kyoMki pramANa bhI vizeSa aura sAmAnya kA pradhAnarUpa se grAhaka mAnA jAtA hai, isa rIti se naigama meM bhI pramANatva kA prasaMga hogaa|

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upA, yazovijayaracite ___ asya ca catvAro'pi nikSepA abhimatA nAma, sthApanA, dravyaM, bhAvazceti / ghaTa ityabhidhAnamapi ghaTa eva, "arthAbhidhAnapratyayAstulyanAmadheyA" iti vacanAt , vAcyavAcakayoratyantabhede pratiniyatapadazaktyanupapattezca / ghaTAkAro'pi ghaTa eva, tulyapariNAmatvAt , anyathA tattvAyogAt , mukhyArthamAtrA'bhAvAdeva tatpratikRtitvopapatteH / mRtpiNDAdidravyaghaTo'pi ghaTa evAnyathA prinnaamprinnaamibhaavaanupptteH| bhAvaghaTapadaM cAsaMdigdhavRttikameva // naigama meM pramANatva kA mAnanA "syAdavAdiyoM" ko iSTa nahIM hai kyoMki 'naya aura pramANa ye donoM bhinna haiM, aisA siddhAnta hai / samAdhAnaH- sAmAnya aura vizeSa ye donoM pramANa aura naya ke viSaya hote haiM-itanI samAnatA hote hue bhI naigamanaya meM jaba vizeSa pradhAnatayA bhAsita hotA hai, taba usa meM sAmAnya gauNatayA hI bhAsita hotA hai aura jaba sAmAnya pradhAnatayA viSaya hotA hai, taba vizeSa gauNatayA hI viSaya hotA hai| sAmAnya aura vizeSa ye donoM eka sAtha pradhAnatayA kisI bhI negamanaya meM viSaya nahIM hotA / pramANa meM to sAmAnya aura vizeSa ye donoM eka sAtha hI pradhAnatayA bhAsita hote haiM, isalie naigama meM hI pramANatva kA prasaMga nahIM hai / "yugapat prAdhAnyena sAmAnya vizeSobhayagrAhitva"rUpa pramANa kA dharma na to dezagrAhi naigama meM hai aura na to samayAhi negama meM hai, isalie naigama meM pramANatva kA ApAdana yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| [naigamanayasvIkArya cAroM nikSepa ] "asya ce"tyAdi="naigama naya" ke lakSaNa kA nirUpaNa karane ke bAda "naigamanaya" ke abhinata kitane nikSepa haiM ? isa kA udAharaNa sahita vivaraNa prastuta sandarbha se kiyA jAtA hai| kisI bhI zabda ke vyAkaraNAdi anusAra sambhAvita jitane bhI artha hote haiM una ko nikSepa kahA jAtA hai| una artho kA jJAna karAne ke lie una ke lakSaNa aura vibhAjana ke dvArA pratipAdana bhI nikSepa padArtha hai, jisa kA paryAya zabda nyAsa bhI hai| nikSepa ke kama se kama cAra bheda haiM-nAma, dravya, sthApanA aura bhAva / kisI vastu ke nAmakaraNa ko nAma nikSepa kahA jAtA hai / zAstrakArane saMjJAkarma zabda se bhI nAmanikSepa kA lakSaNa batAyA hai / nAmakaraNa aura saMjJAkarma ina meM zabda se hI bheda hai, artha to eka hI, donoM zabdoM se bodhita hotA hai, kyoMki saMjJA aura nAma ye donoM zabda paryAyavAcaka haiM aura karmazaThana yahA~ kriyAvAcaka hone se karma aura karaNa ina donoM zabdoM se eka hI artha bodhita hotA hai| nAmanikSepa meM, jisa vastu kA kucha nAma rakhA jAya usa nAmavAcaka zabda ke avayavArthI kA usa zabda se bodha honA Avazyaka nahIM hotA hai| jaise-kisI vyakti kA 'indra' aisA nAma rakha diyA jAya to, yaha nAma se indra kahA jAyagA, parantu usa meM indrazabdAvayava "indu" dhAtu se pratIyabhAna pAramaizvartha usa vyakti meM na bhAse to bhI vaha indra to kahA jAtA hai| naigamanaya isataraha ke mAmanikSepa ko bhI mAnatA hai / tathA,

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nayarahasye nikSepavicAraH 97 kASThanirmita yA pASANAdi nirmita mUrti meM athavA citra meM kisI devatA vizeSa kA anusaMghAna karane para usa meM indra Adi kI sthApanA kA vyavahAra hotA hai / isa taraha kisI bhI vastu ke AkAra meM usa vastu ke sthApana ko sthApanA nikSepa kahate haiN| bhAvi meM utpanna honevAle yA naSTa ho gaye hue kAryavizeSa ke upAdAna kAraNa ko dravyanikSepa kahate haiM / guNa paryAya sahita vastu ke asAdhAraNa svarUpa kA jo pradarzana, usa ko bhAvanikSepa kahate haiN| ye nikSepa sabhI padArthoM ke jJAna meM upayukta hote haiM kyoMki ina ke binA vastusvarUpa kA prativiziSTa rUpa se jJAna nahIM ho pAtA hai / "naigamanaya" ina cAroM nikSepoM ko kaise mAnatA hai, isa ko udAharaNa dvArA upAdhyAyajA sphuTa karate haiM / (ghaTa ityabhidhAna.) jalAharaNa sAnabhUta pAtravizeSa kA "ghaTa'' aisA nAma kiyA jAtA hai yaha "ghaTa" aisA abhighAna bhI ghaTa hI kahalAtA hai / yahA~ ghaTa-zabda ko 'ghaTa' nAma se pukAranA yahI nAma nikSepa hai| ghaTa zabda se vAcya jaise-dhaTarUpa artha hotA hai, vaise ghaTa zabda kA vAcya ghaTa zabda bhI hotA hai| ghaTAtmaka artha aura ghaTa zabda ina donoM meM bheda rahane para bhI ghaTazabdavAcyatvarUpa se kathaJcit abheda hI rahatA hai| isa vastu ko pramANita karane ke lie abhiyukta ke vacana kA pradarzana kiyA hai ki (arthAbhidhAnapratyayAstulyanAmadheyAH) artha yAnI ghaTAdivastu, abhidhAna yAnI ghaTa zabda aura pratyaya yAnI ghaTa ityAkAraka buddhi, ina tInoM kA nAmadheya arthAt saMjJA tulya arthAt eka hI hai| yadi ghaTa artha kA bodha kisI ko karanA ho to ghaTa zabda kA prayoga karanA jaise Avazyaka hotA hai vaise hI ghaTa zabda kA aura 'ghaTaH' ityAkAraka buddhi kA bodha kisI ko karAnA ho to bhI ghaTa zabda kA hI prayoga karanA paDatA hai, isalie vAcya ghaTa, vAcaka zabda tathA dhaTa zabda se honevAlI buddhi, ina tInoM kA nAma ghaTa hI hotA hai / vAcya aura vAcaka meM kathaJcit tAdAtmya yahA~ abhISTa hai / yadi ghaTarUpa vAcya aura dhaTazabdasvarUpa vAcaka ina donoM meM atyanta bheda mAnA jAya to ghaTarUpa artha meM jo niyamataH ghaTapada ko zakti mAnI jAtI hai, vaha nahIM siddha hogii| kAraNa, ghaTa zabdApekSayA ghaTarUpa artha meM jaise atyanta bheda rahatA hai, vaise paTAdirUpa artha meM bhI rahatA hai, taba ghaTa zabda kI zakti paTAdirUpa artha meM bhI ho sakatI hai| isalie ghaTa zabda aura ghaTarUpa artha ina donoM meM kathaJcida abheda mAnanA Avazyaka hai| kisI citra Adi meM jo ghaTAkAra kA pradarzana kiyA jAya use sthApanA ghaTa kahA jAtA hai kyoMki AkAra kI dRSTi se dekhA jAya to vaha ghaTAkAra aura vAstavika ghaTa ina donoM meM tulya pariNAma hotA hai| yadi citrAdigata ghaTAkAra ko ghaTasvarUpa na mAne to usa ghaTAkAra ko kevala AkAra hI kahanA hogA kiMtu usa ko 'yaha dhaTAkAra hai' aisA nahIM kaha sakeMge, yAnI ghaTAkAratA hI ayukta ho jAne kA prasaMga aayegaa| yadi yaha zaGkA ho ki sthApanA ghaTa ko bhI yadi ghaTa hI mAneMge to vAstavika ghaTa kI apekSA sthApanA ghaTa meM kyA viSatA hogI ?- to isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki sthApanA ghaTa mukhya ghaTa kI pratikRti hai, mukhya ghaTa se jo jalAharaNAdi arthakriyA hotI hai vaha sthApanA ghaTa se nahIM ho sktii| isalie citrAdi meM mukhya artha kA abhAva hai, yahI sthApanA ghaTa aura mukhya ghaTa meM vizeSatA hai|

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upA. yazovijaya racite nanu nAmAdInAM sarvavastuvyApitvamupagamyate, na vA ? | Adhe vyabhicAraH, anabhilApyabhAveSu nAmanikSepA'pravRtteH, dravyajIva - dravyadravyAdyasiddhyA bhilApyabhAvavyApitAyA api vaktumazakyatvAcca / 98 ghaTa ke upAdAna kAraNa mRt-piNDAdi ko dravyaghaTa yA ghaTa kA dravya nikSepa kahate haiM / yadi mRta piNDAdirUpa dravya ko ghaTa na mAnA jAya to ghaTa mRtapiNDa kA pariNAma hai aura mRta piNDa ghaTa kA pariNAmI hai isataraha kA pariNAma- pariNAmI bhAva, ghaTa aura mRtapiNDa ina donoM meM nahIM hogA / isalie dravyavaTa ko bhI ghaTa mAnanA cAhie aura ina donoM meM kathaJcid abheda bhI mAnanA cAhie / atyanta bheda mAnane para donoM kA pariNAma - pariNAmI bhAva hI nahIM banegA / jalAharaNa sAdhanIbhUta kambugrIvAdimAn ghaTa ko bhAvaghaTa kahate haiM, isI ko bhAvanikSepa bhI kahate haiM / kAraNa, isa meM ghaTa ke guNa aura paryAya vidyamAna rahate haiM / yaha sabhI ko mAnya hai, isalie bhAvaghaTa meM ghaTa pada kI vRtti yAnI zaktinAmaka saMbaMdha hone meM kisI ko bhI saMdeha nahIM hai / bhAva nikSepa ko bhI naigamanaya mAnatA hai / isa taraha cAroM nikSepa naigamanaya ko mAnya hai / [ nAmAdi cAranikSepoM kI vyApakatA para AkSepa ] ( nanu nAmAdI) naigamanaya nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ina cAroM nikSepoM ko mAnatA hai / yaha vastu udAharaNoM ke dvArA pUrva grantha se pradarzita kI gaI hai / isa prasaMga meM ye nAmAdinaya kahA~-kahA~ pravRtta hote haiM yaha vicAra bhI karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai, tadartha prastuta grantha kI pravRtti hotI hai / isa meM do vikalpa pUrvapakSI upasthita karate haiM / ' ye nAmAdinikSepa catuSTaya sabhI vastuoM meM pravRtta hote haiM - yaha prathama vikalpa hai aura sabhI vastuoM meM pravRtta nahIM hote haiM kintu amuka vastuoM meM hI pravRtta hote haiM, yaha dvitIya vikalpa hai / prathama vikalpa ke anusAra jahA~ jahA~ vastutva rahatA hai, vahA~ vahA~ sarvatra nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ina cAroM nikSepoM kI pravRtti hotI hai, aisA niyama banegA / isa niyama meM vastutva vyApyarUpa se aura nAmAdi nikSepa catuSTaya vyApakarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai, parantu, isataraha kA niyama mAnanA sambhavita nahIM hai kyoMki isa niyama meM anabhilApya padArthoM meM vyabhicAra dekhane meM AtA haiM / pada-vAkyAdi se jisa kA pratipAdana ho sake aise pariNAma se pariNata artha ko 'abhilApya' kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki zrutajJAna yA tadadhIna matijJAna ke viSayarUpa meM pariNata arthoM kA hI pada-vAkyAdi se pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai / jaise-ghaTapada ghaTarUpa artha kA bodha karAtA hai, isalie hI ghaSada ko zravaNa kara ke ghaTarUpa artha meM hI niyamataH zrotA kI pravRtti yA nivRtti hotI hai / aise hI guDa pada bhI guDarUpa artha kA bodhana karatA hai / parantu, guDagata mAdhurya aura madhugata mAdhurya ina donoM meM kyA bheda hai isa kA bodhana to tabhI ho sakatA hai ki jaba guDagata mAdhurya kA aura madhugata mAdhurya kA vizeSarUpa se kisI pada ke dvArA abhilApa ho sake, parantu koI aisA pada nahIM hai, jisa se guDagata aura madhugata mAdhurya kA vizeSarUpa se bodha karA sake / ataH guDAdigata mAdhurya kI vizeSatA kA bodhaka pada na hone se

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nayarahasye nikSepavicAraH antye "jatthavi ya Na jANijjA, caukkayaM Nikvive tattha" ||tti (anu0 dvAra-sU0 7) sUtravirodhaH, atra yattatpadAbhyAM vyAptyupasthiteriti cet ? vaha padArtha anabhilApya hai / aise anabhilApya bahuta se padArtha haiM, jina kA nAmakaraNa nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie aise padArthoM meM nAmanikSepa kI pravRtti nahIM hotI aura una meM vastutva to rahatA hai, ataH vyabhicAra hotA hai / isalie jahA~ jahA~ vastutva hai vahA~ vahA~ nikSepa catuSTaya rahatA hai, isa taraha kI vyApti se garbhita prathama vikalpa mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki 'jahA~-jahA~ abhilApya vastutva hai, vahA~ vahA~ nikSepacatuSTaya hai| isa taraha kI vyApti ko hI prathama vikalpa ke garbha meM hama vivakSita kareMge, taba to anabhilApya padArthoM meM vyApyatvena abhimata abhilApyavastutva na rahane se yadi vahA~ nAmanikSepa na rahegA, to bhI vyabhicAra kA prasaGga nahIM AegA, kyoMki abhilApya vastutvarUpa vyApya jina-jina padArthoM meM rahatA hai una una padArthoM meM nikSepacatuSTaya pravRtta hotA hI hai / parantu aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, jahA~ jahA~ abhilApya vastutva rahatA hai, vahA~ vahA~ nAmanikSepa ke rahane para bhI dravyanikSepa sarvatra nahIM rahatA hai| jaise-jIva meM abhilApyavastutva hai, parantu jIva kA dravya nikSepa nahIM hotA, kyoMki koI padArtha aisA hotA jo purva kAla meM ajIva hotA huA bhI pazcAt jIvabhAva meM pariNata hotA to vaha rtha dravyajIva kahA jA sakatA. paranta vastasthiti yaha hai ki jo padArtha pUrva meM jIva nahIM thA vaha jaDasvarUpa hI hogA, aura jaDa padArtha kabhI bhI jIvapariNAma nahIM prApta kara sakegA kyoMki jIva cetana hai aura ajIva jaDa hotA hai| jaDa padArtha kA cetanAtmaka pariNAma kabhI bhI sambhava nahIM hai| isItaraha koI bhI jIva yadi pUrva kAla meM jIvaparyAya kA anubhava kara ke pazcAt ajIvAtmaka pariNAma ko prApta hotA, to vaha bhI dravya jIva ho sakatA thA, parantu yaha bhI sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki cetana jIva kabhI ajIva arthAta jaDAtmaka pariNAma ko prApta nahIM karatA hai| cetana kA acetanAtmaka pariNAma bhI atyanta asambhavita hai| isalie jIva meM dravyanikSepa kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai aura vahA~ vyApyatvAbhimata abhilApyavastutva to rahatA hai ataH vyabhicAra spaSTa hai / isI rIti se dravya meM bhI vyabhicAra upasthita hotA hai, kAraNa dravya meM abhilApya vastutva rahatA hai, guNa aura paryAya se yukta vastu ko hA dravya kahate haiN| usa kA guNaparyAya zUnya bhAvarUpa se pariNAma ho sakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki guNaparyAyayukta bhAva kA guNaparyAyaviyuktabhAvAtmaka pariNAma atyanta asambhavita hai| taba to dravya meM bhI dravyanikSepa kI pravRtti nahIM ho sakatI hai / isalie dravyajIva kI bhAMti dravyadravya bhI aprasiddha hai / dravya meM bhI nikSepa catuSTayarUpa vyApaka nahIM rahatA hai, abhilAgyavastutvarUpa vyApya to rahatA hai, ataH abhilApyavastuvyApitA bhI nAmAdi nikSepacatuSTaya meM nahIM ho sktii| [ avyApakatA pakSa meM sUtravirodha kI zaMkA ] (antye) 'nAmAdinikSepa sarvavastuvyApi nahIM hai, yaha dvitIya vikalpa bhI nahIM mAna sakate haiM, kyoMki "jatthavi ya Na jANijjA, caukkayaM Nikkhave tattha" isa anuyogadvAra

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100 upA. yazovijayaracite atra vadanti-tattadvayabhicArasthAnAnyatvavizeSaNAnna doSaH / tadidamuktam , "yadyatraikasminna sambhavanti naitAvatA bhavatyavyApiteti' // apare tvAhuH, kevaliprajJArUpameva nAmA'nabhilApyabhAveSvasti, dravyajIvazca manuSyAdireva, bhAvidevAdijIvaparyAyahetutvAt / dravyadravyamapi mRdAdireva, AdiSTadravyatvAnAM ghaTAdiparyAyANAM hetutvAditi / sUtra kA virodha isa pakSa meM upasthita hotA hai / 'jahA~ (kucha adhika) na jAna sake vahA~ bhI nAmAdi catuSTaya kA nikSepa karanA cAhie', aisA isa sUtra kA artha hai| isa sUtra meM yat aura tat pada kA upAdAna hai| isalie vyApti kI upasthiti hotI hai, vaha vyApti yahI hai ki jahA~ jahA~ vastutva hai, vahA~ vahA~ nikSepa catuSTaya kI pravRtti hotI hai / isa vyApti se nikSepa catuSTaya meM sarva vastu vyApakatA kA lAbha hotA hai / dvitIya vikalpa se to nAmAdi meM sarva vastu vyApakatA ke abhAva kA vidhAna hotA hai, ataH sUtra aura dvitIya vikalpa ina donoM kA virodha spaSTa hI dekhane meM AtA hai / [ vyApakatA meM saMkoca mAna kara samAdhAna ] (atra vadanti) yahA~ koI AcArya aisA samAdhAna karate haiM ki sUtra kA virodha hone se dvitIya vikalpa kA svIkAra to nahIM ho sakatA hai, to bhI 'nAmAdi catuSTayoM meM sarvavastuvyApakatva hai,' isa prathama vikalpa ko svIkAra karane meM bAdhA bhI nahIM hai / anabhilApyabhAvoM meM nAmanikSepa kA vyabhicAra tathA jIva aura dravya meM dravya nikSepa kA vyabhicAra jo pUrva meM diyA gayA hai, usa kA vAraNa "tattavyabhicArasthAnAnyatve sati vastutva yatra yatra, tatra tatra nAmAdicatuSTayam" isataraha kI vyApti kA svIkAra kara lene para ho sakatA hai / taba to prathama vikalpa ThIka hI hai, aisI vyApti mAnane se anabhilApya bhAva bhinna aura jIva tathA dravya bhinna vastu meM nAmAdi vyApitA rahatI hai, isalie koI doSa nahIM hai / isa bAta meM abhiyukta kA vacana bhI pramANa hai / jisa kA Azaya yaha hai ki vyApakatvena abhimata padArtha yadi kisI eka adhikaraNa meM na rahatA ho, itane mAtra se vyApakatvAbhimata meM avyApitA nahIM A jAtI hai, arthAt vyApti kA bhaGga nahIM ho jAtA hai| "vyabhicArasthAnAnyatva" yaha vizeSaNa vyApya meM lagA dene se hI vyabhicAra kA vAraNa ho jAtA hai| - [anya mata se pUrNa vyApakatA kI upapatti kI AzaMkA ] (aparetvAhuH) nAmAdi nikSepoM ko sarva vastuvyApitva mAnanevAle koI AcArya kA kahanA yaha hai ki anabhilApyabhAvoM meM nAmanikSepa kA vyabhicAra jo diyA gayA hai, vaha yukta nahIM hai kyoMki kevaliprajJArUpa nAma anabhilApyabhAvoM meM bhI rahatA hai / kevalajJAnI sabhI padArtho ko jAnate haiM, isalie ve anabhilApyabhAvoM ko bhI avazya jAnate haiM, ataH kevaliprajJArUpa nAma se vAcya jo kevalajJAna vaha viSayatAsambandha se anabhilApyabhAvoM meM rahatA hai| ataH nAmanikSepa kI sarva vastuvyApitA siddha ho jAtI hai| isa rIti se

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nayarahasye nikSepavicAraH etacca mataM nAtiramaNIyam , dravyArthikena zabdapudgala rUpasyaiva nAno'bhyupagamAt / manuSyAdInAM dravyajIvatve ca siddhasyaiva bhAvajIvatvaprasaGgAt AdiSTadravyahetudravyadravyopagame bhAvadravyocchedaprasaGgAcca // jIva meM bhI dravyanikSepa kI pravRtti sambhavita hai| manuSyAdi jIva hI dravyajIva ho sakatA hai / kAraNa, manuSyAdirUpa jIva bhAvi devAdi jIvaparyAyoM kA hetu hai, isalie manuSyAdirUpa jIva, dravyajAva ho sakatA hai, ataH dravya nikSepa kI pravRtti jIva meM hone se vyabhicAra nahIM AtA hai| tathA mRdAdi dravya meM bhI dravyanikSepa kA vyabhicAra nahIM AtA hai, kAraNa ki ghaTAdi paryAyoM meM paryAyArthika naya ke Adeza se paryAyatva hI hai, tathApi "dravyArthikanaya" ke Adeza se ghaTAdi paryAyoM meM bhI ApekSika dravyatva siddha hotA hai aura una ghaTAdi dravya kA kAraNa mRdAdi hai, ataH mRttikA hI dravyadravya hai / isataraha se ghaTa bhI dravya dravya ho sakatA hai kyoMki uttarottara bhagnaghaTAdi paryAyoM kA kAraNa vaha bhI hai aura una paryAyoM meM bhI dravyArthika nayAdeza se dravyatva kA Adeza hai tathA uttarottara paryAyoM meM mRttikA ke jaise vaha bhI anugata hai ataH dravyadravya bhI aprasiddha vastu nahIM hai, isalie dravya nikSepa kI pravRtti mRdAdi meM hone se sarva vastu vyApitA siddha ho jAtI hai| [ kevaliprajJArUpa nAmanikSepa mAnanA ramaNIya nahIM ] "etacca matamityAdi="upAdhyAyajI" kI dRSTi se uparokta mata bhI ati sundara nahIM hai / yadyapi ina AcArya ke mata se nikSepa catuSTaya kI sarvavastuvyApitA siddha ho jAtI hai, isalie ukta mata ko ramaNIya kahA jA sakatA hai, tathApi anya doSa isa mata meM upasthita hote haiM, ataH atiramaNIya to yaha mata bhI nahIM ho sakatA / kAraNa, dravyArthikanaya vizeSa hI "naigamanaya" hai / ataH "naigamanaya" kevaliprajJA meM nAmatva kA svIkAra nahIM karatA hai, kyoMki prajJA mAtra AtmA kA caitanyarUpa guNa hai, isalie kevaliprajJA bhI AtmacaitanyarUpa hai, vaha nAma nahIM ho sakatA hai / dravyArthikanaya se to nAma kevala zabdapudagalarUpa hI hotA hai / ataH ana bhilApya bhAvoM meM nAmanikSepa kI pravRtti na hone se vyabhicAra khaDA hI rahatA hai kyoMki zabdapudagalarUpa koI bhI nAma anabhilApyabhAvoM kA nahIM hai| tathA manuSyAdijIvoM meM dravyajIvatva mAnakara vyabhicAra kA vAraNa karanA bhI yukta nahIM hai kyoMki aisA mAnane para saMsArI sabhI jIvoM meM dravyajIvatva hI siddha hogaa| kAraNa, saMsAradazA meM sabhI jIvoM ko ekagati se anyagati meM AnA jAnA hotA rahatA hai, isalie anyataragativartIjIvakAraNatva gatyantaravartI jIvoM meM rahatA hI hai, ataH bhAvajIvatva saMsArIjAva meM nahIM AyegA, kintu siddha jIvoM meM hI bhAvajIvatva rahegA, kyoMki siddhajIva kisI anyagati ke jIva ke pratikAraNa nahIM banate haiN| zAstra dRSTi se manuyAdi jIva bhI bhAvajIva mAne jAte haiM, ataH manuSyAdi jIva ko dravyajIva mAnakara vyabhicAra vAraNa karanA saGgata nahIM hai / evam , dravyArthika nayAdeza se ghaTAdi paryAyoM meM AdiSTa dravyatva ko mAnakara ghaTAdi paryAyarUpa dravyoM ke prati kAraNa hone se mRdAdi dravya meM

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upA. yazovijayaracite guNaparyAyaviyuktaH prajJAsthApito dravyajIva ityekeSAM mataM, etadapi na sUkSmam, satAM guNaparyAyANAM buddhyApanayanasya kartumazakyatvAt / na hi yAdRcchika jJAnAya - tArthapariNatirasti / 'jIvazabdArthajJastatrAnupayukto jIvazabdArthajJasya zarIra vA jIvarahitaM dravyajIva iti nAvyApitA nAmAdInAmi tyapi vadanti || 102 dravyadravyatva kA svIkAra karanA aura usa ke dvArA dravyanikSepa meM vyabhicAra kA vAraNa karanA bhI saGgata nahIM hai kyoMki isa rIti se dravyamAtra meM dravyadravyatva siddha ho jAtA haiM / kAraNa, dravyamAtra AdiSTadravyarUpa kravyAntara ke prati kAraNa bana jAte haiN| aisA mAnane para bhAvadravya ke uccheda kA prasaGga A jAtA hai / koI dravya yadi aisA ho jo dravyAntara kA kAraNa na bane vahI bhAvadravya ho sakatA hai / aise bhAvadravya kA sambhava ukta mAnyatA ke anusAra nahIM ho sakatA hai, kAraNa, sabhI dravyoM dravyArthika naya se dravyatva kA Adeza ho sakatA hai aura aise dravya kA sabhI dravya kAraNa bana sakate haiM / [ guNaparyAyarahita dravya jIva kI kalpanA ayukta ] sadA " ( guNaparyAya) koI AcArya ke mata se, prajJA ke dvArA kraya se guNaparyAyoM kI pRthak kalpanA karane para, dravya guNaparyAya se rahita ho jAtA hai, isarIti se jIvarUpa dravya se jIva ke guNa aura paryAyoM kA apanaya karane para zuddha jIva dravyajIva kahA jAyagA, ataH dravyanikSepa kI pravRtti hogI / taba nikSepa catuSTaya meM sarvavastu vyApitA kI siddhi ho jAyagI, - aisA samAdhAna kiyA jAtA hai / una kA Azaya yaha hai ki dravya kA lakSaNa to " guNaparyAyavad dravyam" isa tattvArthasUtra ke anusAra yahI siddha hotA hai ki jisa meM guNa aura paryAya sarvadA rahe vahI dravya hai / ina meM guNa to dravya meM sahabhAvi hone ke kAraNa sadA rahate hI haiM, parantu paryAya kramabhAvi hote haiM, isalie sabhI paryAya dravya nahIM rahate haiM, to bhI koI na koI paryAya sadA hI dravya meM rahatA hai / isalie dravya kA guNaparyAya se viyukta honA yadyapi sambhavita nahIM hai, tathApi buddhi kalpanA ke dvArA jIvAdi dravyoM se una ke guNaparyAyoM kA viyojana kiyA jA sakatA hai| jisa dazA meM guNaparyAyoM ke rahate hue bhI buddhi ke dvArA viyojana kiyA jAyegA, usa dazA meM jIva bhI dravyajIva ho sakatA hai| isalie kravyanikSepa kI pravRtti jIva meM bhI ho sakatI hai| parantu isataraha kA samAdhAna sUkSmadRSTi se vicAra karane para saGgata nahIM mAlUma paDatA / isa meM hetu yaha hai ki dravya meM vidyamAna guNaparyAyoM kA buddhimAtra se viyojana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / jaise- nIlaghaTa meM vidyamAna nIlaguNa kA buddhi se pRthakkaraNa hone para bhI vAstava meM vaha ghaTa anIla nahIM bana jAtA hai / nIlavaTa meM 'yaha ghaTa nIla nahIM hai' aisI buddhi hI kevala hotI hai / nIlarUpa kA apanayana nahIM hotA hai / usI taraha jIva meM vidyamAna jJAnadarzanAdi guNa aura manuSya devAdi paryAya kA apanayana buddhimAtra se nahIM ho sakatA hai / taba to dravyajIva kI asiddhi hone se avyApti tadavastha hI rahatI hai / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki artha kI pariNati jJAnAdhIna nahIM mAnI gayI hai / jJAna yAhacchika ho sakatA hai / icchAnusAra vastu kA jJAna bhinna-bhinna rUpa se ho sakatA hai, kiMtu jaisA jaisA jJAna hotA hai, usa usa rUpa se artha kA pariNAma honA dekhane

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nayarahasye nikSepavicAraH 103 nanu "tathApi naigamena nAmAdicatuSTayAbhyupagame tasya dravyArthikatvabyAhatiH syAt , dravyArthikena dravyasyaivAbhyupagamAt / 'dravyaM pradhAnatayA, paryAyaM ca gauNatayAbhyupagacchan dravyArthiko'pi bhAvanikSepasaha iti' cet ? hanta ! tarhi tvaduktarItyA zabdanayA api dravyanikSepasahA iti katham 'bhAvaM ciya saddaNayA, sesA icchaMti savvaNikkheve'tti [ gAthA 2847 ] bhASyoktavyavasthA ? meM nahIM AtA hai / rajju meM kisI ko sarpabuddhi ho jAtI hai taba vaha rajju sarpAkAra pariNAma ko prApta karatI ho aisA dekhane meM nahIM AtA hai, kintu rajju svarUpa hI rahatI hai| usa meM sarpabuddhi bhale hI doSavazAt ho jAve, to bhI vaha apane AkAra kA tyAga nahIM karatI / isItaraha guNaparyAya se sadAyukta jIva meM yadi yaha buddhi ho jAya ki 'jIva guNaparyAya se rahita hai', to isavuddhi ke prabhAva se jIva guNaparyAyoM ko choDa nahIM degA, arthAt guNaparyAya se viyukta nahIM bana jAtA hai / guNa aura paryAya se viyukta yadi jIva bana jAya to jIva meM jIvatva hI nahIM rahegA, kAraNa, guNa aura paryAya dravya kA asAdhAraNa dharma hai / asAdhAraNa dharma kA tyAga karane para vastu kA svarUpa hI nahIM raha sktaa| jase-go azvAdi vastu gotva azvatvAdirUpa apane asAdhAraNa dharma kA tyAga kara de to go azvAdi kA svarUpa hI nahIM raha skegaa| azvatvAdi asAdhAraNa dharmoM kI saMjJA se hI azva azvasvarUpa rahatA hai| ataH 'jIva guNaparyAya se viyata hai| aisI buddhi hone para guNaparyAya viyukta jIva pariNAma honA bilakula sambhava nahIM hai, isalie buddhi ke AdhAra para guNaparyAyaviyukta jIva hI dravyajIva hai, aisA mAnanA sUkSmabuddhiyoM kI dRSTi se saGgata nahIM hai| (jIvazabdArtha) nAmAdi catuSTaya meM sarvavastuyApitA siddha karane ke lie dravyajIva kI vyAkhyA koI AcArya isaprakAra dete haiM ki jIvazabda ke artha ko jAnanevAlA bhI jaba jIvazabdArtha viSayaka upayoga se rahita rahatA hai, taba vahI dravyajIva hai, athavA jIvazabdArtha ko jAnane vAle jIva kA zarIra jaba jIvarahita banatA hai, taba vaisA zarIra hI dravyajIva hai isalie dravyanikSepa sarvavastuvyApi hai| [ naigamanaya meM nAmAdi svIkAra se dravyArthikatva vyAghAta zaMkA ] (nanu tathApi) yahA~ eka dIrgha AzaGkA hai pUrvokta rIti se nAmAdi nikSepacatuSTaya meM sarvavastu vyApitA kA yadi samarthana kiyA jAya, to "naigamanaya" meM nAmAdi nikSepacatuSTaya kA svIkAra siddha ho jAtA hai / isa dazA meM naigama naya" meM jo dravyArthika nayatva kA abhyupagama hai, usa kA virodha upasthita hogA kyoMki dravyamAtra kA abhyupagama jo karatA hai, vahI dravyArthika mAnA jAtA hai| nAmAdinikSepacatuSTaya kA abhyupagama karane para gamanaya" meM bhAva kA abhyapagama bhI ho jAtA hai, isalie "dravyamAtra svIkartRtva" naigama meM nahIM rahatA hai| taba dravyArthikatva naigama meM kaise raha sakegA ? ataH "naigamanaya" ko yadi dravyAthikanaya mAnanA ho to, nikSepa catuSTaya svIkatatva naigana meM nahIM mAnanA cAhie anyathA dravyArthikatva kI hAni hogii|

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upA. yazovijayaracite etena "dravyArthikaparyAyAthikayodvayostulyavadevobhayAbhyupagamaH paramAdyasya sarvathA'bhedenAntyasya tu sarvathA bhedena, tato naika syobhayaviSayatve viSayAntaragrahArthamanyakalpanAnupapattiH, bhedAbhedoparAgeNobhayagrahArthamubhayakalpanAvazyakatvAditi dravyArthikasyApi paryAyasahatvamiti" apAstam / isa zaGkA kA samAdhAna isaprakAra se koI dete haiM ki "dravya kA pradhAnarUpa se svIkAra karanevAlA "naigamanaya" dravyArthikanaya hone para bhI bhAvanikSepa kA svIkAra kara sakatA hai, isa meM dravyArthikatva kI hAni kA prasaGga nahIM AyegA / kAraNa pradhAnatayA dravya ke jaise paryAya ko bhI yadi naigama svIkAra karatA to dravyArthikatva kA vyAghAta avazya hotA, parantu aisA to nahIM hai| prAdhAnyena dravyamAtra kA svIkartA naya dravyArthikanaya hai-yaha lakSaNa paryAyarUpa bhAva ko gauNatayA svIkartA naigamanaya meM jAtA hI hai, isalie bhAvanikSepa kA svIkAra karane para bhI naigamanaya meM dravyArthikatva kI hAni nahIM hotii|" parantu yaha samAdhAna saMgata nahIM lagatA / kAraNa, jisataraha pradhAnarUpa se dravya ko mAnanevAlA aura gauNarUpa se paryAya ko mAnanevAlA dravyArthikanaya bhAvanikSepa kA syIkartA siddha kiyA gayA hai, usI rIti se paryAya ko pradhAnarUpa se aura dravya ko gauNarUpa se mAnanevAle zabdanaya bhI dravyanikSepa ko svIkAra karanevAle siddha ho jAyeMge / taba 'bhAva ciya saddaNayA, sesA icchati savvaNikkheve'-isa bhASya se jo vyavasthA nayoM ke viSaya meM kI gaI hai, vaha siddha nahIM hogI / Azaya yaha hai ki zabda, samabhirUDha, evambhUta ye tInoM naya zabdanaya kahe jAte haiM / ina nayoM ko paryAyanaya bhI kahate haiM / bhASyakArane "bhAvameva-icchanti zabdanayAH" aisA kaha kara bhAva nikSepamAtra ke svIkartA ye naya haiM aisA sUcita kiyA hai / pUrvokta rIti se to ina nayoM meM bhI dravya nikSepa svIkartRtva siddha ho jAtA hai, taba dravya nikSepa svIkAra kI vyAvRtti ke lie bhASya meM jo evakAra kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai vaha asaMgata bana jAtA hai isalie ukta samAdhAna ThIka nahIM hai / [ dravyArthika-paryAyArthika donoM ke tulya abhyupagama kA nirasana ] (etena0)-koI AcArya naigamanaya meM nAmAdi nikSepa catuSTaya ke abhyupagama kA samarthana karane ke lie kahate haiM ki-"dravyArthika-naya aura paryAyArthikanaya, donoM hI samAnarUpa se dravya aura paryAya ko svIkArate haiM, parantu dravyArthikanaya, dravya aura paryAyoM meM sarvathA abheda mAnatA hai aura paryAyArthikanaya dravya aura paryAyoM meM sarvathA bheda mAnatA hai, isalie isa zaMkA ko bhI avakAza hai ki 'yadi ye donoM naya ubhayagrAhi haiM, to ina donoM nayoM meM se eka ko hI mAnanA cAhie' kAraNa, eka naya se bhI dravya aura paryAya ina donoM kA grahaNa ho jAyagA / eka naya se gRhIta viSaya kI apekSA anya viSaya ko grahaNa karane ke lie nayAntara kI kalpanA Avazyaka hotI hai / yahA~ to aisA hai hA nahIM / dravyAthikanayagRhIta vastu se bhinna viSaya kA grAhaka paryAyArthikanaya nahIM hotA aura paryAyAthikanayagrahIta vastu se bhinna viSaya kA grAhaka dravyAthikanaya nahIM hotA, donoM kA viSaya dravya aura paryAyarUpa viSaya eka hI hai, taba to, kevala dravyAthika athavA kevala

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nayarahasye nikSepavicAraH evaM sati 'paryAyArthikasya zabdAderapi dravyasahatvApatteH, atyantabhedagrAhiNodvayoH samuditayorapi mithyAdRSTitvAd, atyantabhede paryAyadvayasahoktiprasaGgAt tathA ca 'guNo dravyaM iti dravyArthikanayAbhilApAnupapatteH, atyantabhede'pi paryAyArthina dravyagrahe dravyArthika syAntargaDutvaprasakteH 'ekasmindravyapakSe paryAyAthikanayamate'pi 'dravya sAmAyikami'tyasyA'virodhaprasaGgAt, 'etanmatasya bhASyakRtaiva nirastatvAcceti cet ? paryAyArthika kA svIkAra karanA ucita hai| dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika ina donoM nayoM kA svIkAra niSprayojana hai ?-isa zaMkA niravakAza hone kA kAraNa yaha hai ki dravyArthikanaya sarvathA abhedarUpa se dravyaparyAya kA grahaNa karatA hai, paryAyArthikanaya to sarvathA bhedarUpa se dravya paryAya ubhaya kA grahaNa karatA hai| isalie dravyAthika se grahIta viSaya sarvathA abheda viziSTa dravyaparyAya ubhayarUpa hai, usa se bhinna viSaya sarvathA bheda viziSTa dravya paryAya ubhayarUpa hotA hai, usa viSaya ko grahaNa karane ke lie paryAyArthikanaya kI kalpanA Avazyaka hai, evama, paryAyArthikanaya se gRhIta viSaya sarvathA bheda viziSTa dravyaparyAya ubhayarUpa hai, usa se atirikta viSaya sarvathA abheda viziSTa dravyaparyAya ubhayarUpa hogA, usa ko grahaNa karane ke lie dravyArthikanaya kI kalpanA bhI Avazyaka hai| isataraha nayadvaya kI kalpanA anivArya hone se kisI kI vyarthatA kI AzaMkA kA kAraNa nahIM rahatA hai| isa rIti se dravyArthikanaya meM bhI paryAyasahatva siddha hone se naigamanaya meM nikSepacatuSTaya svIkartRtva siddha ho jAtA hai" parantu yaha mata bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki isa rIti se zabdanayoM meM bhI dravyanikSepasahatva A jAne se "bhAvamegha zabdanayAH' ityAdi bhASyokta vyavasthA kI hAni rUpa doSa lagA hI rahatA hai, kAraNa ki bhASyokta vyavasthA ke anusAra zabdanayoM meM bhAvanikSepa mAtra kA svIkAra siddha hotA hai / jaba ki, prastuta AcArya ke mata se zabdanayoM meM dravyanikSepasahatva kA prasaMga A jAtA hai| yahA~ yaha khyAla rakhanA cAhie ki paryAyArthikanaya aura zabdanaya ye donoM zabda eka hI artha meM prayukta hone ke kAraNa paryAyazabda haiM aura zabda samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ye tInoM naya zabdanaya zabda se tathA paryAyanaya zabda se gRhIta hote haiN| mRla meM "etena" zabda kA artha 'bhASyoktavyavasthAgaprasaMgena aisA hai aura isI kAraNa se yaha mata apAsta arthAt nirasta hotA hai, aisA sambandha lagAnA hai| __ (evaM sati) dravyArthika aura paryAyAthika ina donoM nayoM meM samAnarUpa se dravyaparyAya ubhaya ke abhyupagamavAdi ke mata meM anya doSa bhI Ate haiN| ve isa prakAra (1) jaise dravyArthikanaya ekAnta abhedoparAga se dravyaparyAya ubhaya kA abhyupagama karatA hai, isalie usa meM paryAyasahatva AtA hai aura nAmAdinikSepa catuSTaya kA svIkAra usa meM siddha hotA hai, sItaraha zabda, samabhirUDha, evambhUta ye tInoM paryAyAthikanaya bhI ekAnta bhedoparAga se dravya paryAya ina donoM ke svIkartA mAne jAyege, taba ina meM bhI dravya sahatva kI Arati hogI, isa se pUrvokta bhASyokta vyavasthA kA bhaMga ho jAyagA, isI 14

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upA. yazovijayaracite atrocyate-avizuddhAnAM naigamabhedAnAM nAmAdyabhyupagamapravaNatve'pi vizuddhanagamalie ubhayAbhyupagama pakSa yukta nahIM hai / (2) dUsarA doSa usa pakSa meM yaha AtA hai ki dravyArthikanaya dravyaparyAya ina donoM ke atyanta abheda ko hI isa mata ke anusAra svIkAra karegA aura paryAyArthikanaya dravya aura paryAya ina donoM meM atyanta bheda ko hI svAkAra karegA, isalie pRthagabhUta athavA samudita ina donoM nayoM meM mithyAdRSTitva kA hI prasaMga AyegA / bheda viziSTa abheda grAhitvarUpa samyagdRSTitva ina donoM nayoM meM nahIM rhegaa| (3) isa pakSa meM tIsarA doSa yaha hai ki, jaba dravyArthikanaya dravya aura guNAdirUpa paryAyoM meM kathaJcit abheda mAnatA hai, taba usa kI dRSTi se 'guNo dravdha' aisA vAkyaprayoga hotA hai / jaba ki vaha dravya aura guNAdi paryAyoM meM atyanta abheda ko svIkAra karegA, taba dravya zabda aura guNazabda ye donoM eka hI artha ke vodhaka baneMge, isalie ye donoM zabda paryAyazabda bana jAe~ge arthAt ghaTa zabda kA paryAyazabda kalaza jase hotA hai aura kalaza zabda kA paryAya jaise ghaTa zabda hotA hai vaise hI dravya kA paryAyazabda guNa bana jAyagA aura guNa kA paryAyazabda dravya bana jAyagA / taba paryAyavAcaka zabdadvaya kA "ghaTaH kalazaH" isa rUpa se eka sAtha prayoga jaise nahIM hotA hai, vase hI "guNo dravya' aisA eka sAtha donoM zabdoM kA prayoga jo hotA hai, so nahIM hogA / (4) tathA isa mata meM paryAyArthikanaya ekAnta bhedoparAga se dravyaparyAya ina donoM kA grAhaka hai, isalie guNAdi paryAyoM kA grahaNa karane ke lie paryAyAthikanaya jese nayAntara kI apekSA nahIM rhegii| taba to nayAntara nirapekSa paryAyArthikanaya se hI dravya kA grahaNa isa mata ke anusAra ho jAyagA, isalie dravyArthikanaya kA svIkAra isa mata meM nirarthaka bana jAyagA / granthakAra ne "antargaDu" zabda se nirarthakatva kA hI saMketa kiyA hai| 'antagaDu', zabda kA vAcyArtha yaha hai ki zarIra ke kaNThAdi pradeza meM jo mAMsapiNDa baDha AtA hai, vaha antargaDu kahA jAtA hai, usa mAMsapiNDa se koI prayojana siddha nahIM hotA hai| dravyArthikanaya meM bhI niSprayojanatva hone ke kAraNa antargadutva kA Aropa usa meM kiyA gayA hai| (5) tathA paryAyAthikanaya ekAntabhedoparAga se guNAdi paryAya aura ya ina donoM kA svIkAra karatA hai| yahAM dravyasvIkAra pakSa meM paryAyAthikanaya ke mata se bhI sAmAyika dravyarUpa bana jAyagA, kyoMki ekAntabhedarUpa se dravya bhI usa kA viSaya banegA, ataH sAmAyika ko dravyarUpa mAnane meM usa ko bhI koI virodha nahIM hogA / taba dravyArthikanaya meM hI dravya sAmAyika hotA hai, yaha siddhAnta viruddha pddegaa| (6) tathA, 'ekAnta abhedoparAga se dravyArthikanaya dravya aura paryAya ina donoM ko mAnatA hai aura paryAyArthikanaya ekAntabhedoparAga se dravya aura paryAya ina donoM ko mAnatA hai'isa mata kA bhASyakAra ne svayaM hI khaDana kiyA hai / ina chaha hetu se yaha mata ThIka nahIM hai| taba to naigamanaya yadi nAmAdi nikSepacatuSTaya kA svIkAra karegA, to naigamanaya meM ta dravyArthikatva kI hAni hogI, yaha mUla zaMkA khaDI rahatI hai| [dravyavizeSaNatayA paryAya kA svIkAra nirApada hai -samAdhAna ] (atrAcyate) ukta dIrdha zaMkA kA samAdhAnaH- "naigamanaya yadi nikSepacatuSTaya kA svI. kAra kareM, to usa meM dravyArthikatva kA vyAghAta hogA kyoMki, vaha dravyArthikanayoM meM parigaNita hai aura dravyArthikanaya dravyamAtra kA svIkAra karatA hai"-isa mUla AzaMkA kA

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nayarahasye nikSepavicAraH bhedasya dravyavizeSaNatayA paryAyAbhyupagamAnna tatra bhAvanikSepAnupapattiH / ata evAhabhagavAn bhadrabAhuH-"jIvo guNapaDivanno, Nayassa davva TThiyassa sAmaiyaM // (Ava. ni. gA. 792)" na caivaM paryAyArthikatvApattiH, itarA'vizeSaNatvarUpaprAdhAnyena paryAyAnabhyupagamAt / zabdAdInAM paryAyAthikanayAnAM tu naigamavadavizuddhathabhAvAnna nAmAdyabhyupagantRtvam / avAstavatadviSayatvaM tu noktavibhAgavyAghAtAyeti paryAlocayAmaH // samAdhAna upAdhyAyajI apane mata se aisA dete haiM ki "avizuddhanaigamanaya" ke bheda nAma, sthApanA aura dravya ina tIna nikSepoM kA hI bhale svIkAra kareM, parantu vizuddha naigamabheda to dravya ke vizeSaNarUpa se paryAya kA bhI svIkAra karatA hai / isalie vizuddhanaigama meM bhAvanikSepa kA svIkAra koI ApattirUpa nahIM hai, pradhAnarUpa se dravyamAtra kA hI abhyupagama vaha karatA hai| paryAya kA abhyupagama to gauNarUpa se karatA hai, isalie dravyArthikatva kI hAni kA prasaGga nahIM AtA hai / pradhAnatayA dravyamAtra kA abhyupagama hI dravyArthikatvavyapadeza kA nimitta hai, so to vizuddhanaigama meM rahatA hI hai| vizuddhagama dravya ke vizeSaNarUpa meM paryAya kA bhI svIkAra karatA hai, isa meM bhagavAna bhadrabAhu kA vacana bhI pramANa rUpa se upasthita hai____ "jIvo guNapaDivanno, Nayassa davva TThiyassa saamiy|" (Ava. ni. gA. 792)-yaha bhagavAna bhadrabAhu kA vacana hai-kisa naya kA kauna sA sAmAyika hai, isa prakaraNa meM yaha gAthA hai / samyaktvAdi guNoM se Azrita jIva dravyArthikanaya kA sAmAyika hai aisA bhadrabAhu svAmI kA kathana hai| sAmAyika zabda kA artha "samAnAM jJAnadarzanacAritrANAmAyaH samAyaH sa eva sAmAyikama" isa vigraha ke anusAra 'sarva jJAna-darzana-cAritra guNoM kA lAbha' aisA hotA hai / samyaktvAdi guNoM se Azrita jIva ko dravyanayoM kA sAmAyika kahane meM guNarUpa paryAya kA dravyavizeSaNarUpa se svIkAra naigamanaya meM siddha ho jAtA hai, kyoMki vaha bhI dravyArthikanaya hai| isa se upAdhyAyajI ke kathana ko samarthana mila jAtA hai / zaMkA:-yadi naigama paryAya ko bhI svIkAra karatA hai to usa meM paryAyArthikatva kA prasaGga A jAyagA ? samAdhAna:-paryAya ke svIkAra mAtra se paryAyArthikatva kA prasaGga denA ucita nahIM hai / itarA'vizeSaNatvarUpa se pradhAnatayA paryAya kA svIkAra karanA hI paryAyanayatva vyapadeza meM nimitta hai| isalie naigamanaya kI gaNanA paryAyanayoM meM hotI nahIM hai kyoMki vaha paryAya ko pradhAnarUpa se svIkAra nahIM karatA hai kintu dravya meM vizeSaNarUpa se paryAyoM ko mAnatA hai, isalie naigama meM bhAvanikSepa mAnane para bhI paryAyArthikatA kI Apatti nahIM AtI hai aura nikSepa catuSTaya svIkartatva kI avyApti bhI nahIM hotI hai| zabdAdi paryAyArthikanayoM meM nikSepacatuSTayAbhyupagama nahIM hai| kAraNa, naigama ke jaisI avi. zuddhi usa meM nahIM hai, kintu ve vizuddhiyukta haiM, isalie bhAvanikSepa mAtra kA svIkAra karate haiM / taba yaha zaMkA hotI hai ki-"bhagamanaya vizeSaNarUpa se bhI yadi paryAya kA svIkAra karatA hai to naigamAdi dravyArthikanaya haiM aura RjusUtrAdi paryAyArthikanaya hai, aisA jo vibhAga kiyA gayA hai vaha asaGgata hogA kyoMki gauNarUpa se bhI paryAya kA svIkAra

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108 upA. yazovijayacite nanu tathApi "NAmAitiyaM dabaTThiyassa bhAvo a pajjavaNayassa"[75]tti pUrvamabhidhAya pazcAt "bhAvaM ciya saddaNayA, sesA icchati savvaNikkheve" [2847] tathA "savvaNayA bhAva micchaMti" // [3601] tti vadatAM bhASyakRtAM ko'bhiprAya iti cet ? ____ayamabhiprAyaH-pUrva zuddhacaraNopayogarUpabhAvamaGgalAdhikArasambandhAnnaigamAdinA jalAharaNAdirUpabhAvaghaTAbhyupagame'pi ghaTopayogarUpabhAvaghaTAnabhyupagamAttathoktiH, pRthaganikSepAcca na pratyayasyAbhidhAnatulyatA, agre tu vyavasthAdhikArAdvizeSoktiriti / karane ke kAraNa naigama kA bhI paryAyArthikanaya meM praveza ho jAyagA' parantu yaha zaMkA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki dravyanaya paryAyoM ko vAstava nahIM mAnatA hai, usa kI dRSTi se dravya se vyatirikta paryAya kalpita hI hai| ataH kalpita paryAya ko mAnane para 'naigamAdi dravyanaya haiM aura RjusUtrAdi paryAyanaya haiM. aisA vibhAga karane meM koI virodha nahIM hai / [ bhASyakAra ke virodhAbhAsI vacanoM kA kyA tAtparya hai ? prazna ] (nanu tathApi)-vizuddhanaigama dravya vizaSeNatayA paryAya ko bhI svIkAra karatA hai, isalie naigamanaya meM bhAvanikSepa saMgata hai aisA vyavasthApana kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ prazna ho sakatA hai ki "vizeSAvazyakabhASyakAra'ne pUrva meM "NAmAitiya"[gA0 75 | ityAdi se dravyArthikanaya meM nAmAdi nikSepatraya ke abhyupagama kA aura paryAyArthikanaya meM bhAvanikSepa mAtra ke abhyupagama kA varNana kiyA hai, pazcAt "bhAva ciya saddaNayA" (gA. 2847) ityAdi gAthA se zabdanayoM meM kevala bhAvanikSepa ke abhyupagama kA aura zabdanayoM se itara dravyanayoM meM nikSepa catuSTaya ke abhyupagama kA varNana kiyA hai| Age calakara "savvaNayA jaM ca bhAvamicchaMti' (gA. 3601) ityAdi gAthA se yaha kahA hai ki bhAvanikSepa ko to sabhI naya arthAt dravyArthikanaya aura paryAyArthika naya donoM svIkAra karate haiM / isa taraha pUrvakathana ke anusAra dravyArthika naya meM nikSepatraya ke svIkAra kA varNana aura agrima gAthA se dravyAthikanaya meM nikSepacatuSTaya kA kathana paraspara viruddha pratIta hotA hai| aise paraspara viruddha varNana karane meM "bhASyakAra' kA kyA abhiprAya hogA? yaha prazna hai / [bhApyakAra ke vacanoM kA tAtparya-samAdhAna ] ("ayamabhiprAyaH")-pUrva meM "NAmAitiyaM davvaTTiyassa" ityAdi gAthA se jo dravyArthikanaya meM nAmAdi nikSepatraya kA abhyupagama bhASyakAra ne dikhAyA hai usa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki-zuddha AcaraNa meM upayoga yAnI sAvadhatArUpa bhAvamaGgala kA vaha prakaraNa hai| nagamAdi naya jalAharaNAdirUpa bhAvaghaTa ko to mAnate haiM, kiMtu ghaTopayogarUpa bhAvaghaTa ko nahIM mAnate haiN| prakaraNa to zuddha cAritra meM upayoga kA hai / ata: upayogarUpa bhAva kA svIkAra na hone ke kAraNa dravyArthikanaya meM nikSepatraya kA kathana prakaraNAnurodha se yukta hI hai| taba yaha zaMkA hotI hai ki-'naigamAdi yadi nAmanikSepa ko mAnate haiM, to upayoga ko bhI jarUra mAnege kyoMki "arthAbhidhAnapratyayAH tulyanAmadheyAH" isa vacana ke anusAra upayoga meM bhI nAmatulyatA A jAtI hai| taba to, ghaTopayogarUpa bhAvaghaTa kA svIkAra bhI

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH mukhyatvarUpasvAtantryeNa nAmAditrayaviSayatvameva dravyArthikasyetyabhipretya matAntareNa vA tathoktiH / ata evokta tattvArthavRttAvapi-"atra cAyA nAmAdayastrayo vikalpA dravyArthi(sti)kasya tathA tathA sarvArthatvAt , pAzcAtyaH paryAyanayasya tathApariNativijJAnAmmAm' (sUtra-5) iti / naigamAdi nayoM meM siddha ho jAtA hai, isalie nAmAdi nikSapatraya ke abhyupagama kA kathana bhAdhyakAra kA kaise saMgata ho sakatA hai ?'-parantu yaha zaMkA ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, jaise nAmanikSapa kA svIkAra hai vaise upayoganikSepa kA pRthak svIkAra nahIM kiyA gayA hai, ataH pratyayarUpa upayoga meM nAmatulyatA nahIM A sakatI hai| isalie isa prakaraNa meM nAmAdi nikSepatraya ke abhyupagama kA kathana sarvathA saMgata hai / Age calakara "bhAvaM ciya" ityAdi gAthA se aura "savvaNayA bhAvamicchati" isa gAthA se jo dravyArthika nayoM meM nikSepa catuSTayAbhyupagama kA kathana bhASyakAra ne kiyA hai usa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki, ve donoM gAthAe~ vyavasthA ke prakaraNa meM paThita haiN| kauna naya kitane nikSepa ko tathA bhAvasAdhu ko mAnate haiM, isa kI vyavasthA usa prakaraNa meM kI jAtI hai| dravyArthika nayoM meM nikSepa catuSTaya kA svIkAra hai aura zabdanayoM meM bhAvanikSepa mAtra kA svIkAra hai-aisI vyavasthA usa prakaraNa meM kI gayI hai, isalie adhikAra bheda se arthAt prakaraNabheda se dravyArthika nayoM meM nAmAdi nizepatraya kA abhyupagama kathana tathA nAmAdi nikSepa catuSTaya ke abhyupagama kA kathana, paraspara viruddha nahIM hai| eka hI prakaraNa meM yadi aisA kathana hotA to virodha kI sambhAvanA hotii| prakaraNabheda se donoM kathana meM virodha ko avakAza hI nahIM hai| [ mukhyatva rUpa svAtantrya ko lekara tAtparyabheda-samAdhAna ] (mukhyatvarUpa) athavA, pUrva meM jo nAmAdi nizeSatrayAbhyupagama kA kathana bhASyakAra ne kiyA hai, vaha apane mata ke anusAra nahIM kiyA hai, kintu mukhyatvarUpa svAtantrya se arthAt dravyArthikanaya mukhyatayA nAmAdi nikSepatraya ko hI mAnatA hai, isa matAntara ke abhiprAya se paisA kahA hai / taba to bhASyakAra ke kathana meM virodha kI AzaMkA kA avasara hI nahIM AtA hai, kyoMki bhAjyakAra ke abhiprAya se dravyArthikanayoM meM nAmAdi nikSepacatuSya kA abhyupagama hai, yaha eka pakSa hI siddha hotA hai| isa matAntara ke AzrayaNa se hI "tattvArthasUtra' kI (a. 1, sU05) vRtti meM jo kahA gayA hai ki Adya nAmAdinikSepatraya arthamAtravyApi hone se dravyArthikanaya mAnatA hai / paryAyanaya bhAvanikSepa ko mAnatA hai kyoMki paryAyanaya vartamAnaparyAya ko hI mAnatA hai| pratyeka vastu pratikSaNa pariNamanazIla hai, isalie vastu kA jJAna bhI pratikSaNa bhinna bhinna hI hotA hai| ataH pratikSaNa bhinna bhinna vastu aura bhinnatayA usa kA jJAna yahA paryAyanaya ko svIkArya hai aura yahI usa ke mata se bhAva hai / usI bhAvanikSepa ko paryAyanaya mAnatA hai / tatvArthavRtti kA yaha artha bhI mukhyatayA nAmAdi nikSepatraya mAtra kA abhyupagama dravyArthika naya karatA hai isa matAntara ke anusAra saMgata hai| bhASyakAra kI vyavasthA ke anusAra dravyAthikanaya meM nAmAdinikSepa catuSTayAbhyupagama kI hI vyavasthA hai /

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110 upA. yazovijayaracite etanmatAvaSTambhenaiva "jIvo guNapaDivanno Nayassa davva TThiyassa sAmaiyaM / so ceva pajjavaNayaTThiyassa jIvassa esa guNo" // (Ava. ni. 792) ityAvazyakagAthA ki dravyaM guNo vA sAmAyikamiti cintAyAM dravyArthikanayamate guNapratipanno jIvaH sAmAyikam , paryAyArthikanayamate tu jIvasya guNa eva sAmAyikamityuttaram , atra ca dravyaparyAyanayayoH zuddhadravyaparyAyAveva viSayau, tatra paryAyadravyayovibhinnayoH kalpitayoH 'kuNDalatApanna svarNa, patrasya nIlate'tyAdAviva vizeSaNatayAbhidhAnaM tu na sva viSayavyAvAtAyetyabhiprAyeNa mahatA prabandhena-bhASyakRtA vyAkhyAtA / [ jIvoguNapaDivanno0 gAthA ke vyAkhyAna se abhiprAyaspaSTatA ] (etanmatAva) dravyArthikanaya svatantratayA nAmAdi nikSepatraya ko hI mAnatA hai, isI mata kA avalambana karake bhASyakArane "jIvo guNapaDivanno' ityAdi Avazyaka gAthA kA vistRtarUpa se vyAkhyAna kiyA hai| usa vyAkhyAna meM sAmAyika dravya hai? athavA sAmAyika guNa hai ? isa taraha ke prazna kA udabhAvana karake dravyArthikanaya ke mata meM samyaktvAdi guNoM se yukta jIvadravya sAmAyika hai, paryAyArthikanaya ke mata meM to jIva kA samyaktvAdi guNa hI sAmAyika hai-aisA uttara diyA gayA hai isa mata meM dravyAthikanaya kA viSaya zuddhadravya hI mAnA gayA hai / tathA paryAyArthikanaya kA viSaya zuddhaparyAya hI mAnA gayA hai / isa se yaha siddha hotA hai ki dravyAthikanaya kA viSaya paryAya nahIM hotA, kyoMki isa naya kI dRSTi se paryAya vAstavika nahIM hai| isalie nAmanikSepatraya hI dravyArthikanaya kA viSaya siddha hotA hai, paryAyarUpa bhAvanikSepa isa kA viSaya nahIM hotaa| tathA paryAyArthikanaya kI dRSTi se dravya vAstavika nahIM hai, isalie kevala bhAvanikSepa isa kA viSaya hotA hai| yahA~ para zaMkA uThatI hai ki jaba dravyArthikanaya kA viSaya zuddha dravya hI hotA hai, taba samyaktvAdi guNoM se yukta jIva sAmAyika hai| isa vyAkhyAna meM guNa kA dravya meM vizeSaNarUpa se kathana jo bhAvyakAra ne kiyA hai usa se to dravyArthikanaya ke viSaya kA virodha hotA hai kyoMki vizeSaNarUpa se guNarUpa paryAya bhI dravyArthikajaya kA viSaya siddha ho jAtA hai| tathA paryAyArthikanaya kA viSaya jaba zuddha paryAya hI hai, taba 'jIva kA guNa paryAyAthikanaya ke mata meM sAmAyika hai' isa vyAkhyAna meM guNavizeSaNatayA jIvarUpa dravya kA kathana jo bhASyakAra ne kiyA hai, usa se paryAyAthikanaya ke viSaya kA virodha upasthita hotA hai kyoMki usa kA viSaya zuddhaparyAyamAtra hai, usa kI dRSTi se dravya to hai hI nhiiN| isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki "kuNDalatApannaM suvarNa' isa vAkya me jaise suvarNarUpa dravya meM vizeSaNa rUpa se kuNDalatvarUpa paryAya bhAsita hotA hai, vaha kuNDalatvarUpa paryAya suvarNarUpa dravya se bhinna aura kalpita hai, vaise hI dravyArthikanaya ke mata meM vAsta. vika viSayarUpa se to zuddha dravya hI bhAsita hotA hai, usa dravya meM guNarUpa paryAya vizeSaNatayA bhAsita hone para bhI vaha zuddha dravya se bhinna aura kalpita hai| kalpita paryAya

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH matAntarAbhiprAyeNa tu paryAyArthika eva dravyasya kalpitasya vizeSaNatvam , dravyArthike tu prAgupadarzitadizA paryAyasyA'kalpitasyApi vizeSaNatvaM nyAyyameva / na ca naye vizepaNaM kalpitameveti niyamaH--sAvajjajogavirao, tigutto chasu saMjao // uvautto jayamANo, AyA sAmAiyaM hoi // 149 // (Ava. bhASya) ityatra kA vizeSaNatayA bhAna hone para bhI dravyArthikanaya meM zuddhadravyamAtra viSayatA kA virodha nahIM AtA hai aura nAmAdi nikSepaNya mAtra viSayatA kA bhI virodha nahIM AtA hai| yadi usa kI dRSTi se paryAya meM vAstavikatA hotI aura vaha vAstavika paryAya vizeSaNarUpa se bhAsita hotA, taba hI virodha kI sambhAvanA hotI-sA bhAvyakAra kA abhiprAya hai| evaM, paryAyArthikanaya kA viSaya zuddha paryAya hI hai usa meM vizeSaNatayA jo dravya bhAsita hotA hai, vaha dravya zuddhaparyAya se bhinna aura kalpita hai kyoMki paryAyanaya kI dRSTi se paryAya hI hai, dravya nahIM, taba kalpitarUpa se guNavizeSaNatayA dravya kA bhAna hone para bhI paryAyanaya meM jo zuddhaparyAyaviSayatA hai usa kA virodha nahIM AtA hai, aura bhAvanikSepa mAtraviSayatA jo paryAyanaya meM hai usa kA bhI virodha nahIM AtA hai| vAstavarUpa se dravya kA paryAyanaya meM yadi bhAna hotA taba hI ukta virodha kI sambhAvanA rahatI, so to hai nahIM-aisA bhASyakAra kA abhiprAya hai / [dravyArthika naya meM matAntara se akalpita paryAya svIkArya ] (matAntara) jisa mata meM vyavasthA ke adhikAra meM dravyArthikanaya ko nAmAdinikSepacatuSTaya mAnya hai aura paryAyArthikanaya ko bhAvanikSepamAtra mAnya hai-yaha kahA gayA hai-usa mata ke abhiprAya se paryAyAthikanaya me paryAya kA vizeSaNa dravya kalpita hI mAnA gayA hai kyoMki paryAyArthikanaya kI dRSTi se usa mata meM dravya kA astitva mAnya nahIM hai| isalie "bhAciya saddagayA" isa gAthA meM ciya (eva) zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai / usa se, paryAya (bhAva) se bhinna nAma, dravya, sthApanA kA vyavaccheda hotA hai / guNa ke vizeSaNatayA dravya kA bhAna jo kahA gayA hai, vaha kalpita dravya ko mAnane se hI saMgata hotA hai / dravyArthikanaya meM to dravyavizeSaNatayA paryAya kA jo kathana kiyA gayA hai, vahA~ pUrvokta rIti anusAra akalpita yAnI vAstava paryAya kA dravyavizeSaNatayA bhAna dravyArthikanaya meM mAnanA ucita hI hai, isalie dravyArthikanaya meM vyavasthAdhikAra ke anusAra nAmAdinikSepa catuSTaya kA abhyupagama yukta hI hai| _ [naya meM bhAsamAna vizeSaNa kalpita hone kA niyama nahIM ] (na ca naye) nayoM meM jo-jo vizeSaNa bhAsita hote haiM, ve kalpita hI hote haiM, isa niyama ko mAnanevAle vidvAn yahA~ zaGkA kare ki-"dravyArthikanaya meM akalpita bhI paryAya vizeSaNarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai yaha mAnanA yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| Azaya yaha hai ki paryAyAthikanaya meM paryAyavizeSaNatayA bhAsamAna dravya yadi kalpita hI mAnA jAya to, usI taraha dravyAthikanaya meM bhI dravyavizeSaNatayA bhAsamAna paryAya bhI kalpita hI honA

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112 upA. yazovijayaracite saGgrahanayasvIkRtAtmasAmAnyasAmAyikavidhiniyamanAya pravRttAnAM paryAyazuddhimatAM vyava. hArAdinayAnAM yAvadevambhUtamuttarottaraparyAyakadambakavizeSaNoparAgeNaiva pravRttidarzanAt / cAhie / paryAyanaya meM vizeSaNIbhUta dravya kalpita ho aura dravyanaya meM vizeSaNIbhUta paryAya kalpita tathA akalpita bhI ho, yaha ardhajarati nyAya ucita nahIM hai / aura aisA mAnane meM koI yukti bhI nahIM dikhatI hai / ataH nayamAtra meM samAna nyAya se sarvatra vizeSaNa ko kalpita hI mAnanA cAhie / taba to dravyanaya meM vizeSaNIbhUta paryAya ko akalpita mAnakara nikSepacatuSTaya ke abhyupagama kA samarthana karanA yogya nahIM hai|"-upaadhyaayjii isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna karate hue batAte hai ki*"sAvajjajogavirao, tiguto chasu sajao / uvautto jayamANo, AyA sAmAIya hoI" isa Avazyaka niyukti -790 gAthA ke antargata bhASya gAthA 189 meM avizeSarUpa se AtmA sAmAyika hai, aisA saMgrahanaya ne jo mAnA hai, usa ko niyamana yAnI saMkoca karane ke lie arthAta sabhI AtmA sAmAyika nahIM, kintu, ukta gAthA meM prokta "sAvadya yogavirata" Adi vizeSaNoM se yukta AtmA hI sAmAyika hai, isa niyama ko karane ke lie pravRtta, ApekSikaparyAyazuddhi ko mAnanevAle vyavahArAdi evambhUta paryanta nayoM kI pravRtti uttarottara vizeSaNa svarUpa paryAyoM ko mAna kara ke hI dekhane meM AtI hai / yadi una nayoM kI dRSTi se ve paryAya kalpita hI hote, to vizeSaNoparAga se una kI pravRtti nahIM hotii| isalie 'nayoM meM vizeSaNa kalpita hI honA cAhie,' yaha niyama mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| yahA~ kisa naya meM kaise AtmA ko sAmAyika mAnA hai, isa kA anusandhAna kara lenA bhI Avazyaka hai| ukta nAthA ke vivaraNa meM "Avazyaka niyukti" dIpikAkAra ne spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai ki saMgrahanaya sAmAnyarUpa se sabhI AtmA ko sAmAyika mAnatA hai| parantu, vyavahAranaya isa bAta ko nahIM mAnatA / vyavahAranaya kA kathana hai ki sabhI AtmA sAmAyika nahIM hai, kintu 'yatamAna'-yatanA se kAma karanevAlA AtmA hI sAmAyika hai| "RjusUtra" ko vaha bhI mAnya nahIM hai| RjusUtra kA kathana hai ki yatamAna AtmAoM meM bhI jo upayoga (pUrI sAvadhAnI se) yukta hai vahI yatamAna AtmA sAmAyika hai / jo AtmA apane kartavyoM meM upayogavAle nahIM hai, ve yatamAna hote hue bhI sAmA. yika nahIM hai / "zabdanaya" (sAmpratanaya) ko vaha bhA mAnya nahIM hai kyoMki "sAmpratanatha" "RjusUtra" se abhimata artha kI apekSA vizeSitatara artha ko mAnatA hai, ataH zabdanaya (sAmpratanaya) ke abhiprAya se sAvadyayogavirata upayukta AtmA hI sAmAyika hai| "samabhirUDhanaya" to vaise AtmA ko bhI sAmAyika nahIM mAnatA hai kyoMki vaha RjusUtrAbhimata artha kI apekSA vizeSitatama artha kA grAhI hai isalie samabhirUDha ke abhiprAya se yatamAna upayukta sAvadyayogavirata AtmA bhI manogupti, kAyagupti, vacanaguptirUpa guptitraya vizeSaNa se yukta hone para hI sAmAyika mAnA jAtA hai / "evambhUtanaya" to mamabhirUDha kI apekSA se bhI adhikavizeSatamarUpa artha kA grAhI hai, ataH ina vizeSaNoM se yukta AtmA ko bhI * (sAvadyayogavirataH triguptaH, SaTsu saMyAH / upayukto yatamAna AtmA sAmAyika bhavati / )

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nayarahasye naigamanayaH na ca tatra paryAyanayAnAM saGgrahasvIkRtavidhivizeSaparyavasAnArtha paryAya vizeSaNamudrayA pravRttAvapi "savizeSaNa"ityAdinyAyAcchuddhaparyAya vidhAveva tAtparyAt , anyanaya vidhiniyamAnuddezalakSaNasvAtantryeNa nayAnAM svaviSayanirdeze vizeSaNasya kalpitatvaniyama eveti vAcyam / tathApyanyatvasya svaviSayavilakSaNaviSayatvarUpasya nivezena naigamabhedeSu vizuddhanaigame vizeSaNasya paryAyasyA'kalpitatvasiddherapratyUhatvAdityasmAbhiranuzIlitaH panthAH samAkalitasvasamayarahasyairdivyadRzA nibhAlanIyaH // sAmAyika nahIM mAnatA hai, kintu ukta vizeSaNoM se yukta hone para bhI jo AtmA SaDvidha jIvanikAya kI hiMsA se nivRtta hai, usI AtmA ko sAmAyika mAnatA hai / "naigamanaya" ke mata se ina samasta vizeSaNoM se yukta athavA ina guNoM meM se eka vizeSaNa se bhI yA do tIna vizeSaNoM se bhI yukta AtmA sAmAyika mAnA jAtA hai| ye sabhI vizeSaNa AtmA ke guNarUpa paryAya hI haiN| ye guNa yadi kalpita hote to vizeSaNoparAga se nayoM kI pravRtti saMbhava nahIM ho sakatI thI isalie 'kalpita guNa hI nayoM meM vizeSaNarUpa se bhAsita hote haiM aisA niyama mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai / ataH nikSepacatuSTaya kA abhyupagama dravyArthikanaya meM jo vyavasthita kiyA gayA hai vaha nyAyayukta hI hai / [vizeSaNa kalpita hI hone ke niyama kI zaMkA ] zaMkAH-(na ca tatra) sAvajjogavirao0 isa gAthA meM sAmprata, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ina paryAyanayoM kI paryAyarUpa vizeSaNa ke uparAga se jo pravRtti huI hai vaha to AtmasAmAnya sAmAyika hai aisA vidhAna jo saMgrahanaya ne kiyA hai usa kA vizeSa meM paryavasAna karane ke lie hI huI hai / arthAt AtmasAmAnya sAmAyika nahIM hai kintu sAvadhayoga viratatva, triguptatva, SaTjIvakAyasaMyatatva Adi vizeSaNoM yukta AtmA hI sAmAyika hai, yaha vastu siddha karane ke lie hI paryAyanayoM kI pravRtti huI hai, to bhI paryAyanayoM kA tAtparya ukta vizeSaNa viziSTa Atmadravya meM nahIM hai, kintu zuddha paryAya ke vidhAna meM hI tAtparya he, kAraNa paryAyanayoM kI dRSTi se dravya hai hI nahIM / isalie paryAya viziSTa dravya meM paryavasAna batAnA bhI vastutaH paryAyanayoM dvArA ho sakatA nahIM hai, taba to savizeSaNe0 (hi vidhi-pratiSedhau vizeSaNamupasaMkrAmataH, sati vizeSyabAdhe) isa nyAya se vizeSyarUpa dravya kA bodha paryAyanayoM kI dRSTi se hone ke kAraNa paryAya viziSTa dravya kA vidhAna zuddha paryAyarUpa vizeSaNa ke vidhAna meM hI phalita hogaa| jaise, ghaTatvaviziSTa ghaTa meM nityatva kA vidhAna naiyAyika kI dRSTi se vizeSaNIbhUta ghaTatva meM hI lAgU hotA hai kyoMki vizeSyabhUta ghaTa meM nityatva bAdhita hai / taba vizeSaNoparAga se paryAyanayoM kI pravRtti siddha nahIM hotI hai| vizeSaNoparAga se pravRtti siddha hone para hI vizeSaNoM meM akalpitatva ho sakatA hai, kyoMki kalpita vastu ko vizeSaNa banAnA sambhavita nahIM hotA hai| "vandhyAputravAn ayaM grAmaH" isataraha grAmavizeSaNatayA vandhyAputra kA prayoga koI nahIM karatA hai| jaba ki paryAyanayoM kA zuddhaparyAya ke vidhAna meM tAtparya siddha hotA hai, taba ve saMgrahanaya ke vidhAna

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upA. yazovijayaracite "naigamAdyupagatArthasaGgrahapravaNo'dhyavasAyavizeSaH saGgrahaH" / sAmAnyanaigamavAraNAya naigamAyupagatArthapadam / saMgrahazca vizeSavinirmoko'zuddhaviSayavinirmokazcetyAdiyathAsambhavamupAdeyaH, tena na prasthakasthale sAmAnya vidhayA'saMgrahAdanupapattiH tatpravaNatvaM ca tanniyatabuddhivyapadezajanakatvam , tena nArtharUpasaMgrahasya nayajanyatvAnupapattidoSaH / meM niyama-saMkoca karane ke uddezya se pravRta nahIM hote haiM, kintu svataMtrarUpa se apane viSaya kA pratipAdana karate haiM ata: vizeSaNarUpa se apane viSaya ko nahIM batAte haiM / isalie 'vizeSaNa kalpita hI hai' isa niyama mAnane meM ukta gAthA kA koI bAdha nahIM hai / samAdhAnaH-(tathApi) ukta zaMkA kA samAdhAna upAdhyAyajI isataraha dete haiM ki yadyapi naigama aura saMgraha ye donoM naya sAmAnyagrAhI hone ke kAraNa bhinna nahIM ho sakate haiN| tathApi anyanayavidhiniyamAnuddezena pravRttatvarUpa svAtantrya ke lakSaNa meM jo anyatva kA praveza hai, vaha anyatva svaviSayavilakSaNaviSayatvarUpa vivakSita hai / "naigamanaya" kevala dravya ko hI apanA viSaya nahIM mAnatA hai, kintu paryAya ko bhI gauNatayA apanA viSaya mAnatA hai| "saMgrahanaya" dravya ko hI apanA viSaya mAnatA hai| ataH saMgrahaviSayavilakSaNaviSayatvarUpa saMgrahAnyatva naigamanaya meM A jAtA hai aura saMgrahanaya kA sabhI AtmA meM jo sAmayikatva kA vidhAna hai, usa kA niyantraNa karane ke uddezya se naigamanaya kI pravRtti hotI hai, ataH anyanayavidhiniyamAnuddezena pravRttatvarUpa svAtantrya nagama ke bhedoM meM aura naigama meM bhI nahIM hai| isalie paryAyanayoM ke jaise svAtantryeNa apane viSaya kA nirdeza naigama nahIM kara sakatA hai, kintu saMgrahanaya pAratantryeNa apane viSaya kA nirdeza karatA hai aura paryAya ko dravya meM vizeSaNatayA bodhita karatA hai / isalie paryAyarUpa vizeSaNoM meM akalpitatva kI siddhi meM koI bAdhaka nahIM dikhatA hai yadi paryAyoM ko vahA~ bhI kalpita mAnA jAya to vizeSaNatayA una kA bodhana sambhaSita hI nahIM ho sakatA hai| (asmAbhiH)-upAdhyAyajI kA kahanA hai ki isarIti se vizeSaNoM meM akalpitatva sAdhana kA yaha mArga hamArA socA huA hai / jinhoM ne syAdavAda siddhAntoM kA samyaka parizIlana kiyA hai ve loga sUkSma dRSTi se isa mArga para vicAra kareM / Upara-Upara kI dRSTi se vicAra karane para yaha mArga sugama nahIM lagegA / [ naigamanaya samApta ] [saMgrahanaya-saMgrahaNa meM tatpara ] (nagamAyu) "saMgrahaNaM sAmAnyarUpatayA sarvavastUnAmAkroDanam-saMgrahaH' isa bhAva vyutpatti ke anusAra sabhI vastuoM kA sAmAnyarUpa se pratipAdana karanA saMgrahazabda kA artha hai / "saMgRhNAti sarva sAmAnyarUpatayA" isa kartRvyutpatti ke anusAra 'jo sabhI vastu kA sAmAnyarUpa se bodha karatA hai' yaha saMgraha zabda kA artha hai / "saMgRhyante sarve'pi bhedAH sAmAnyarUpatayA anena iti saMgrahaH" isa karaNavyutpatti ke anusAra jisa se sabhI vizeSa sAmAnyarUpa se bodhita hote ho vaha saMgraha zabda kA artha siddha hotA hai / naigama Adi

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nayarahasye saMgrahanayaH nayoM se svIkRta artha kA saMgraha karane meM jo vizeSarUpa se pravRtta ho aise adhyavasAyavizeSa ko "saMgrahanaya" kahA jAtA hai / isa lakSaNa vAkya meM saMgrahapada lakSya kA bodhaka hai aura parva ke do pada lakSaNa ke bodhaka haiM / isa lakSaNavAkya me yadi "negamAdi-upagatA!" itanA bhAga nikAla diyA jAya to saMgrahapravaNa adhyavasAya vizeSa itanA hI saMgrahanaya kA lakSaNa hogA / taba sAmAnyanaigama meM saMgraha ke lakSaNa kI ativyApti ho jaaygii| nirvikalpa mahAsattArUpa kevala sAmAnyavAdinaigamanaya ko sAmAnya naigama kahA jAtA hai / "saMgrahanaya" jaise sAmAnyarUpa se sarvavastu kA bodha karAtA hai, vaise hI sAmAnyanaigama bhI mahAsattAkhya sAmAnyarUpa se sabhI vastu kA bodha karatA hai, ataH saMgrahapravaNa adhyavasAyarUpa hai / isa ativyApti kA vAraNa karane ke lie naigamAdi-upagatArtha yaha vizeSaNa lagAnA cAhie / yaha vizeSaNa lagAne para ativyApti nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki sAmAnya naigama naya naigamAdinayasvIkRta artha kA saMgrAhaka nahIM hai-vaha to vizeSavat kevala sAmAnya kA bhI pRthakarUpa se svIkAra karatA hai itanA hI / isalie saMgraha kA lakSaNa vahA~ nahIM jAtA hai| "saMgahaNaM saMgiNhai saMgijjhate va teNa jaM bheyA / to saMgaho tti saMgahiyapiDiyatthaM vao jassa // " (vize0 2203) isa "vizeSAvazyaka bhAvya" gAthA meM-saMgRhIta piMDita arthabodhaka vacana jisa kA ho, vaha saMgrahanaya hai, aisA lakSaNa kiyA gayA hai / saMgRhItapiDita zabda ke artha ko vizeSAvazyaka bhASyakAra (saMgahiyamaNugamo vA vairego piMDiyaM bhaNiyaM-2204) isa gAthA ke anusAra batAte haiM ki sarva vyaktioM meM anugata sAmAnya kA pratipAdaka hI saMgRhIta zabdArtha hai / vizeSapratipAdakaparamatanirAkaraNarUpa 'vyatireka' hI piMDita zabda kA artha hai| isalie saMgrahanaya kA vacana anugama-vyatireka arthavAlA hotA hai, aisA bhAvArtha phalita huA hai / isa se vizeSa kA nirAkaraNa saMgrahanaya meM sUcita hotA hai / isI dRSTi se upAdhyAyajI kahate haiM- saMgraha zabda kA artha yathAsaMbhava vizeSa vinirmoka aura azuddhaviSayavinirmAka ityAdi samajhanA cAhiye / isa se yaha siddha hotA hai ki "saMgRhIta-piDitArthabodhakavacana saMgrahanayasya lakSaNam" isI lakSaNa kA upAdhyAyajI nirdeza karate haiN| isa lakSaNa kA bhAva yaha huA-vizeSa kA nirAkaraNa saMgrahanaya ko abhimata hai| prasthakasthala meM saMgrahanaya vizuddha hone ke kAraNa vanagamanAdi rUpa paramparayA prasthaka kAraNoM meM kArya kA upacAra nahIM mAnatA hai aura dhAnyamApanarUpa kArya ke akaraNa kAla meM niSpanna prasthaka ko bhI prasthaka nahIM mAnatA hai kintu dhAnyamApanarUpa kArya karaNa samaya meM hI niSpanna prasthaka ko prasthaka mAnatA hai, isalie kAryaviziSTa prasthaka vyakti kI apekSayA kAryazUnya prasthakavyakti bhinna siddha hotI hai, ataH kAryaviziSTa prasthakavyaktigata prasthakatva sAmAnya bhI kAryarahita vyakti meM saMgraha nahIM mAnatA hai| isalie prasthakasthala meM prasthakatva sAmAnya kA vidhAna saMgrahanaya meM nahIM rahatA hai / taba pUrvokta lakSaNoM kI anupapatti arthAta avyApti yahA~ prApta hotI hai kyoMki una lakSaNoM meM sAmAnya kA vidhAna kahA gayA hai, prasthakasthala meM to saMgraha sAmAnya kA vidhAna nahIM karatA hai| yadi uparokta lakSaNa kI

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upA. yazovijayaracite dRSTi se vicAra karate haiM to prasthakasthala meM bhI koI anupapatti nahIM hotI hai / kAraNa, vizeSavinirmoka aura azuddhaviSayavinirmAka rUpa saMgraha prasthakasthala meM vivakSita hai| prasthakasthala meM sAmAnya kA vidhAna na hone para bhI vizeSa kA vinimaMki aura azuddha viSayavinirmoka to rahatA hI hai, ataH uparokta lakSaNa kI saMgati hone para prasthakasthala meM bhI koI bAdhA nahIM hotI hai| [ 'saMgraha meM tatparatA' kA kyA artha ? ] (tatpravaNatvaJca) lakSaNa vAkya meM 'saMgrahapravaNa adhyavasAyavizeSa' aisA pada hai / vahA~ pravaNa' zabda se saMgrahajanaka aisA artha svabhAvata: pratIta hotA hai, kyoMki kavitApravaNaH kaviH, ghaTapravaNaH kumbhakAraH ityAdi vAkyoM se kavitA ko banAnevAlA kavi, ghaTa ko banAnevAlA kumbhakAra, yahI artha svAbhAvikarUpa se buddhi meM utaratA hai| isalie 'saMgrahapravaNa' zabda kA artha saMgrahaniSThajanyatAnirUpitajanakatAvAna honA cAhiye / parantu yaha artha anupapanna hai kyoMki saMgraha zabda kA artha jo vizeSavinirmAka aura azuddhaviSayavinirmoka rUpa hai usa kA janaka naya nahIM hotA, kyoMki naya to adhyavasAyarUpa hai, kintu vinirmoka zabda kA artha jo nirAkaraNa hai vaha to nayavAkya ke prayoga se hI hotA hai / kisI bhI vastu kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie tadvirodhIarthabodhaka vAkya kA prayoga karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| isIlie vinirmAkAtmaka artharUpa saMgraha kA janaka abhiprAyavizeSarUpa naya nahIM ho sakatA hai| taba nayaniSThajanakatA nirUpita janyatA bhI vinirmokarUpa saMgraha meM kaise upapanna hogI yaha prazna banA rahegA / isa kA samAdhAna karane ke lie "tatpravaNa" zabda kA artha upAdhyAyajI batAte haiM ki "tatpravaNatvaJca tannirUpitabuddhivyapadezajanakatvaM / " isa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki lakSaNavAkya meM saMgrahapravaNazabda kA artha 'sagrahaniSTha janakatAnirUpita janyatAvat' nahIM samajhanA cAhie, kintu naigamAdinayoM se svIkRta jA vizeSarUpa artha aura azuddha viSaya yAnI aupacArika artha, una kA jo vinirmoka arthAt parityAga, tavyApaka jo buddhi aura vyavahAra, tanniSThajanyatA nirU. / janakatva, yaha tatpravaNatvapada kA artha samajhanA cAhie / ataH parityAgarUpa saMgraha meM nayajanyatva na hone para bhI avyAptirUpa doSa kA prasaMga nahIM AyegA / isa kA Azaya yaha hai ki saMgrahanaya mahAsAmAnya jo sattArUpa hai, usI kA svIkAra karatA hai, vizeSa aura azuddhaviSaya isa kI dRSTi se hai hI nahIM / isalie sAmAnya kA hI vidhAna saMgraha se hotA hai, ataH sAmAnyabuddhi kA janaka saMgraha banatA hai| isalie "ghaTaH san, paTaH na" ityAdi rUpa mahAsAmAnyabadriniSpajanyatA nirUpita janakatA sagrahanaya meM rahatI hai. evam "ghaTaH san, paTaH san" ityAdi mahAsAmAnyaviSayaka vyavahAra bhI saMgraha kI dRSTi se sabhI vastuoM meM hotA hai| isalie mahAsAmAnya viSayaka vyapadezaniSTha janyatA nirU pita janakatA bhI saMgrahanaya meM rahatI hai| ye mahAsAmAnya viSayakabuddhi aura mahAsAmAnyaviSayaka vyavahAra vahA~ hote haiM jahA~ vizeSa aura azuddhaviSaya kA vinirmoka rahatA hai / ataH IdRza vinirmAkaniSTha vyApyatAnirUpita vyApakatA 'sat-sat' ityAkAraka buddhi aura vyapadeza meM AtI hai / etAdRza buddhi aura vyavahArajanakatA abhiprAya vizeSarUpa sagrahanaya meM

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nayarahasye saMhagranayaH 117 * "saMgahiyapiDiyatthaM, saMgahavayaNaM samAsao viti" // tti [anu0 dvAra152-2] sUtram / atra saMgRhItaM sAmAnyAbhimukhagrahaNagRhItaM piNDitaM ca vivakSitaikajAtyuparAgeNa pratipipAdayiSitamityarthaH / saMgRhItaM mahAsAmAnyaM, piNDitaM tu sAmAnya vizeSa iti vA'rthaH / rahatI hai / isalie vizeSa aura azuddha viSaya ke nirAkaraNa meM isa kA vyApAra na hone para bhI uktalakSaNa kI avyApti kA prasaGga nahIM hotA hai / [ saMgRhIta-piNDitArtha vacana-saMgrahanaya ] (saMgahiya.) upAdhyAyajI ne saMgrahanaya kA lakSaNa batAyA hai usa ko pramANita karane ke lie "vizeSAvazyaka bhASya" kI (2183) gAthA ke pUrvArdha ko pramANarUpa se yahA~ uddhRta kiyA hai / 'saMgRhItapiNDitaH-artho yasya tat saMgRhItapiNDitArtha m' aisA bahu. vrIhi samAsa yahA~ abhipreta hai / saMgahiyamAgahIya sapiDiyamegajAimANIyaM // (2204 gAthA) vizeSAvazyaka bhASya ke pUrvArdha kI vyAkhyA meM bahuvrIhi samAsa kA hI nirdeza kiyA hai / "maladhArI zrIhemacandrasUri" ne svaracita bRhadavRtti meM "AgRhIta" isa pada kA artha "sAmAnyAdhimukheNa AgrahaNam" aisA kiyA hai / tadanusAra hI granthakAra ne bhI donoM padoM kA artha batAyA hai / yahA~ bahuvrIhi samAsa karane meM pUrvapadArtha ko uttara padArtha ke prati hetu mAna kara vyAkhyA kI gaI ho aisA abhiprAya lagatA hai kyoMki sAmAnyAbhimukha jJAna se gRhIta hone para hI vastu meM ekajAtimattva kI prApti hotI hai, jo piNDita zabda kA artha hai / upAdhyAyajI ne bhI vivakSita ekajAti ke uparAga se pratipAdana ke lie abhilaSita vastu ko hI piNDita zabda kA artha batAyA hai, vaha tabhI sambhava ho sakatA hai yadi vaha vastu sAmAnyAbhimukha grahaNa se gRhIta ho / sagrahanaya kA vacana hI vivakSita ekajAti ke uparAga se vastu kA bodhaka banatA hai / yahA~ uparAga zabda se sambandharUpa artha vivakSita hai| eka jAti sambaddha artha kA pratipAdana saMgrahavacana tabhI kara sakatA hai jaba naigamAdi upagata artha jo vizeSarUpa hai aura azuddhaviSayarUpa hai usa kA vini ki arthAta tyAga kara de / ataH isa bhASya gAthA ke vyAkhyAna se upAdhyAyajI kathita lakSaNa ko samarthana prApta ho jAtA hai| __"saMgRhIta-piNDitArtha m" isa bhASya kI dUsarI vyAkhyA upAdhyAyajI batAte haiM ki jisa meM saMgrahIta zabda kA artha mahAsAmAnya, jisa kA dUsarA nAma sattArUpa sAmAnya haiM aura "piMDita" zabda kA artha sAmAnya vizeSa arthAt gotvAdi avAntara sAmAnya hai| isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra bahuvrIhi samAsa karane para 'sAmAnya sattA aura apara sAmAnya gotvAdi artha hai jisa kA, aise vacanavAlA naya saMgrahanaya hai' yaha lakSaNa nikalatA hai| upAdhyAyajI kA yaha vyAkhyA "X ahava mahAsAmannaM saMgahiyatthapiDiyatthamiyaraM ti" (2206) isa vizeSAvazyaka bhAvya gAthA kI bRhadavRtti ke anusAra hai / isa vyAkhyA ke anusAra * saMgrahIta-piNDatArtha saMgrahavacana samAsato avanti / x athavA mahAsAmAnya saMgRhIta piNDitArthamitara iti /

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118 upA0 yazovijayaracite "arthAnAM sarvaikadezasaMgrahaNaM saMgrahaH" iti tattvArthabhASyam (a0 1-35) / atra sarvasAmAnyam , ekadezazca vizeSastayoH saMgrahaNaM sAmAnyakazeSasvIkAra ityrthH| ____ ayaM hi ghaTAdInAM bhavanAnAntaratvAttanmAtratvameva svIkurute, ghaTAdivizeSavikalpastvavidyopajanita evetyabhimanyate / 'jagadaikye ghaTapaTAdibhedo na syAditi cet ? na syAdeva vAstavaH, rajjo sarpabhramanibandhanasarpAdivada vidyAjanito'nirvacanIyastu syAdevetyAdyA etanmUlikA aupaniSadAdInAM yuktayaH // saMgrahanaya ko para sAmAnya aura apara sAmAnyarUpa artha hI mAnya hai, isalie naigamAdi abhyupagata vizeSa aura azuddha artha kA tyAga ho jAtA hai / [tatvArthabhASya ke anusAra saMgrahanaya kI vyAkhyA ] (arthAnAmityAdi) upAdhyAyajI svapradarzita saMgrahanaya ke lakSaNa ko vizeSAvazyaka bhASya graMthadvArA samarthita kara ke adhika pramANita karane ke lie tattvArthabhASya kA uddharaNa karate haiN| tattvArtha bhAvyakRta lakSaNa meM "sarva" pada se sAmAnya vivakSita hai, jo sattArUpa parasAmAnya pUrva meM batA cuke haiN| "eka deza' pada se vizeSa vivakSita hai, ye donoM sAmAnya-vizeSa naigama abhyupagata artha haiM, ina kA ekIbhAvena saMgrahaNa jisa adhyavasAya se hove, vahI saMgrahanaya hai / sUtra meM jo saMgrahaNapada hai usa kA artha hai-sAmAnyaikazeSa svIkAra / sAmAnya aura vizeSAtmaka naigamAbhyupagata artho meM yadi eka sAmAnyamAtra zeSa rahe to vizeSa kA asvIkAra siddha ho jAtA hai| isa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki sAmAnya meM hI vizeSa saMpuJjita ho jAtA hai, arthAt sAmAnya ke sAtha ekatA ko prApta ho jAtA hai, taba saMgrahanaya sAmAnyamAtragrAhI banatA hai| upAdhyAyajI ke lakSaNa meM bhI saMgrahapada se vizeSa aura azuddhaviSaya kA vinirmoka batAyA gayA hai isalie sAmAnyamAtragrAhitA saMgraha meM siddha hotI hai| ataH tattvArthabhASya se bhI granthakAra prokta lakSaNa ko samarthana mila jAtA hai| _[saMgrahanaya ke anusAra sattA se itara sabhI vizeSa Avidyaka haiM ] (ayaM hi) prastuta grantha se granthakAra saMgrahanaya meM sAmAnyamAtra grAhitA kaise siddha hotI hai-isa kA vivecana karate haiN| saMgrahanaya ghaTAdivizeSoM ko sattA se atirikta nahIM mAnatA hai, ataH sattAsvabhAva sAmAnyamAtra kA svIkAra karatA hai| mUla grantha meM "bhavana" zabda se sattArUpa artha vivakSita hai / bhU dhAtu sattA artha meM prasiddha hai, isalie bhavana zabda kA sattA artha honA svAbhAvika hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'saMgrahanaya yadi sAmAnyamAtra svIkAra karatA hai to ghaTAdi sabhI vastuoM meM 'yaha sat hai' aisI pratIti to hogI, parantu loka meM "yaha ghaTa hai, yaha paTa hai" isataraha kI vizeSAvagAhinI pratIti jo hotI hai vaha na hogI kyoMki sAmAnyAtirikta ghaTapaTAdi rUpa vizeSa isa kI dRSTi meM hai hI nhiiN| taba to lokaprasiddha anubhava kA bAdha saMgrahanaya ke mata meM upasthita hogaa|prntu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki "yaha ghaTa hai, yaha paTa hai" ityAdi vizeSaviSayaka

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nayarahasye nikSepavicAraH asyApi catvAro nikSepA abhimatAH / ye tvAhurnAyaM sthApanAmicchati, saMgahapravaNenAnena nAmanikSepa eva sthApanAyA buddhi avidyArUpa doSa se hI utpanna hotI hai, isalie ve buddhiyA~ bhramarUpa hai, arthAta "aya ghaTaH" ityAdi vizeSaviSayaka pramANabuddhi saMgrahanaya kI dRSTi se pramANabhUta nahIM hai / [vizeSa sAdhya vyavahAroM ke abhAvaprasaMga kA samAdhAna ] yadi yaha AzaMkA uThe ki-'saMgrahanaya yadi sattAsvabhAva sAmAnyamAtra ko svIkAra karatA hai, to vaha sattA eka hai, usa ke uparAga se hI jagata kA pratipAdana isa mata meM ho sakegA, taba sattArUpa jagata meM ekatva hI rhegaa| isa sthiti meM vyavahAra meM upayakta honevAle jo ghaTapaTAdi vizeSa bhAsate haiM, ve nahIM hoMge, taba vizeSaprayukta vyavahAra kA bhI abhAva prasaMga isa mata meM hogaa|'-is kA samAdhAna isaprakAra hai ki vAstavika ghaTapaTAdi rUpa vizeSa to isa mata meM nahIM hai, jo ghaTa-paTAdibheda bhAsita hote haiM, ve avidyAjanita anirvacanIya haiM / jisa kA sat rUpa se athavA asat rUpa se kathana sambhavita na ho sake vaha vastu anirvacanIya kahI jAtI hai / jaise-rajju meM jaba sarpa kA bhrama hotA hai taba usa bhrama jJAna meM bhAsamAna sarpa anirvacanIya hai kyoMki usa sarpa ko sat nahIM kaha sakate haiN| yadi usa ko sat mAne ge to usa kA bAdha na hogA / rajju-jJAna hone para sarva bhrama kI nivRtti hone ke bAda usa kA viSaya sarpa bhI bAdhita hotA hai, savastu kA bAdha to nahIM honA cAhie, isalie vaha sat nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / usa bhramaviSaya sarpa ko asat bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki usa kI pratIti hotI hai / asat gagana kusumAdi kI pratIti kisI ko nahIM hotI hai, isI taraha vaha sarva bhI yadi asat hogA to usa kI pratIti nahIM hogii| ataH vaha sarpa anirvacanIya mAnA jAtA hai| isI dRSTAnta se 'ghaTapaTAdi' vizeSa bhI anirvacanIya siddha hote haiM / ghaTapaTAdi vizeSa yadi sat mAne jAe~ge to una kA bAdha na hogA aura asat mAne jAe~ge to una kI pratIti nahIM hogii| bAdha aura pratIti ghaTapaTAdi vizeSoM meM dRSTa hai, isalie ve sataasat ina donoM se vilakSaNa hai, ataeva anirvacanIya aura avidyA se kalpita haiN| saMgrahanaya kI dRSTi se yaha bAta kahI gayI hai| aupaniSada (vedAnti) kI bhI aisI hI mAnyatA hai / ve loga eka sat rUpa brahma kI sattA vAstavika mAnate haiM, usa se bhinna ghaTapaTAdi jagata kI sattA vAstavika nahIM mAnate haiM / ghaTapaTAdi bhedoM ko avidyAkalpita mAnate haiM / "ekamevA'dvitIyaM brahma neha nAnAsti kiJcana" ityAdi zrati ko apane mata ke samarthana ke lie pramANarUpa se upasthita karate haiM aura tadanukUla yuktiyoM kA bhI upayoga karate haiM, ve sabhI yuktiyA~ aupaniSadoM kI saMgrahanaya mUlaka hI haiM, arthAt saMgrahanaya kI mAnyatA ke anusAra apane darzana kA samarthana vedAntiloka karate haiM / isalie saMgrahanaya hI vedAnta darzana kI pravRtti kA mUla hai aisA samajhanA caahie| [ saMgrahanaya ko cAra nikSepa abhimata ] (asyApi ityAdi) jaise naigamanaya nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva, ina cAra nikSepoM ko mAnatA hai, usI taraha saMgrahanaya ko bhI ye cAroM nikSepa mAnya haiN|

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120 upA. yazovijayaracite upasaMgrahAt / na ca "nAmaM AvakahiyaM, ThavaNA ittariA vA hojjA AvakahiyA vA hojja"tti (anu0 11) sUtre evAnayovizeSAbhidhAnAtkathamaikarUpyamityAzaMkanIyama, pAcakayAcakAdinAmnAmapyayAvatkathikatvAttadavyApakatvAt sthUlabhedamAtrakathanam / 'padapratikRtibhyAM nAmasthApanayorbheda' iti cet ? kathaM hi gopAladArake nAmendratvam ? __ atha nAmendratvaM dvividhaM 'indra'itipadatvamekam , aparaM cendrapadasaMketaviSayatvam , AdyaM nAmni, dvitIyaM ca padArtha iti na doSa iti cet ? tarhi vyaktyAkRtijAtInAM padArthatvenendrasthApanAyA apIndrapadasaMketaviSayatvAt kathaM na gopAladArakavannAmendratvam ! 'nAmabhAvanikSepasAMkaryaparihArAya indrapadasaMketavizeSaviSayatvaM nAmendratvaM nirucyate' iti cet ? hanta ! tarhi so'yaM vizeSo nAmasthApanAsAdhAraNa eva saMgRhyatAmiti / kitane AcAryoM kA kahanA hai ki yaha saMgrahanaya sthApanA nikSepa ko nahIM mAnatA hai| kyoMki isa ko saMgraha karane kI vizeSa abhiruci rahatI hai, ata eva sthApanA kA bhI nAmanikSepa meM hI saMgraha kara letA hai| yahA~ zaGkA uTha sakatI hai ki-"nAbhaM AvakahiyaM, ThavaNA ittariA vA hojjA AvakahiyA vA hojja ti" [anu0 sU0 11] [nAma yAvatkathikaM, sthApanA itvarikA vA bhavet, yAvatkathikA vA bhavet isa sUtra meM, nAma yAvadvastubhAvI hotA hai, sthApanA alpakAlIna aura yAvadvastubhAvI donoM prakAra kI hotI hai / isa prakAra nAma aura sthApanA ina donoM nikSepoM meM bheda hone kA kathana hai, taba sthApanA kI nAmanikSepa ke sAtha ekarUpatA kaise hogI ? bhAvArtha yaha hai ki nAma yAvatkathika yAnI vastusattA kI kathA rahe taba taka rahane vAlA mAnA jAtA hai / svAzraya dravya kI sattA ke samaya meM nAma kI nivRtti nahIM hotii| jaise meru, jambUdvIpa, kaliMga, magadha Adi dravyoM kI sattA jaba taka hai, taba taka meru Adi nAma bhI vidyamAna rahate haiM / una kI nivRtti nahIM hotI / isalie meru Adi nAma yAvatkathika haiM arthAta yAvavastusthAyi haiM / indrAdi kI pratikRtirUpa sthApanA jo kASTha mRttikA vagairaha se nirmita ho athavA citrarUpa ho, vaha usa meM sthApanIya indrAdi ke rahane para bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai| isIlie vaha sthApanA itvarikA hai arthAt vinAzagamana zIla hai, isalie alpakAlika hai / koI naTa prayojanavazAt indra banatA hai aura kucha kAla ke bAda anya rAjA Adi kA rUpa dhAraNa karatA hai, vaha bhI indra aura rAjA kI sthApanA hI hai, parantu indrAdirUpa sthApanA Azraya dravya ke rahane para bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai| isIlie vaha sthApanA bhI itvarikA hai| zAzvata pratimAdirUpa sthApanA yAvatkathikA kahI jAtI hai kyoMki arhata Adi rUpa se vaha sarvadA rahatI hai / isalie nAma aura sthApanA ina donoM nikSepoM meM eka to yAvatkathikamAtra hai aura dUsarA alpakAlasthAyi aura yAvatkathika donoM hai / yaha bheda spaSTa hone para bhI sthApanA nikSepa kA nAma nikSepa se hI saMgraha karanA kaise ucita hogA ?"

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naya rahasye nikSepavicAraH 121 nAma aura isa kA samAdhAna yaha diyA jAtA hai ki ukta anuyogadvAra sUtra sthApanA ina donoM kA jo bheda batAyA gayA hai vaha sthUlabheda hai| sUkSma vicAra karane para nAmanikSepa meM kahIM kahIM yAvatkathikatva nahIM bhI hotA, aura alpakAlasthAyitva hI dekhane meM AtA hai / jaise, koI vyakti jaba taka pAkakriyA karatA hai taba taka hI vaha pAcaka isa nAma se vyavahRta hotA hai / vahI vyakti jaba upadeza karane kA kAma svIkAratA hai taba usa kA pAcaka zabda se vyavahAra na hokara upadezaka zabda se vyavahAra hone lagatA hai, nAma kA AzrayabhUta usa puruSa ke rahane para bhI pAcaka nAma kI nivRtti ho jAtI hai / isItaraha koI puruSa pAcanakriyA karatA hai tabhI taka pAcaka zabda se loga usa kA vyavahAra karate haiM, vahI puruSa bhAgyavazAt pUrNa dhanavAna ho jAne para jaba dAnakriyA karane laga jAtA hai, taba usa puruSa kA loga dAtA, dAnavIra Adi zabdoM se vyavahAra karane lagate haiM / usa puruSarUpa nAmAzraya ke rahane para bhI usa kA yAcaka yaha nAma nivRtta ho jAtA hai / ataH nAma meM sarvatra yAvatkathikatva nahIM rahatA, isalie yAvatkathikatva sabhI nAmoM meM vyApaka nahIM bana sakatA / isa rIti se yAvatkathikatva aura itvaratva nAma aura sthApanA ina donoM nikSepoM meM samAnarUpa se rahate haiM / ataH nAmanikSepa meM sthApanA nikSepa kA samAveza karake sthApanA kA svIkAra jo saMgrahanaya nahIM karatA hai vaha saMgata hI hai / sUtra jo ina donoM nikSepoM kA bheda pradarzana hai usa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki adhikAMza nAma yAvatkathika hI milate haiM, isalie nAma meM yAvatkafrerants kA ullekha kiyA hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - 'nAma akSarasannivezAtmaka pada svarUpa hai aura sthApanA to pratikRtirUpa hai arthAt kriyAvizeSa nirmita pratimA yA citrarUpa hai, yahI ina donoM meM bheda hai, ataH nAma nikSepa meM sthApanA kA samAveza nahIM ho sakatA / ' - parantu yaha kahanA saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki kisI gopAlaputra kA indra aisA nAma rakha dene para vaha bhI nAmendra kahA jAtA hai / akSarasannivezAtmaka padasvarUpa hI yadi nAma ho to gopAlaputra meM nAmendratva nahIM AyegA, kyoMki vaha gopAlaputra dravyarUpa hai, akSarasannivezAtmaka pada svarUpa nahIM hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - 'nAmendra do prakAra se hotA hai, eka to padasvarUpa aura dUsarA indrapada saMketaviSayAtmaka, usa meM prathama padasvarUpa nAmendratva to 'indra' isa nAma meM hI hai, gopAlaputra rUpa dravya nahIM hai, to bhI indra pada saMketa viSayatvarUpa nAmendratva usa meM avazya hai kyoMki usa ke pitAne aisA saMketa kiyA hai ki mere putra kA indrapada se vyavahAra kiyA jAya / taba to gopAlaputra meM nAmendratva kI anupapatti nahIM hogI' - parantu yaha kahanA bhI saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki 'vyaktyAkRtijAtayaH padArtha:' isa gautamasUtra ke anusAra vyakti, AkRti aura jAti ye tInoM, padArtha mAne gae haiN| isalie kASThAdinirmita AkRti - rUpa indrasthApanA meM bhI indrapada saMketa viSayatvarUpa nAmendratva kyoM nahIM rahegA ? ataH sthApanA kA nAmanikSepa meM antarbhAva karanA ThIka hI hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - " indrapada saMketavizeSaviSayatva ko hI nAmendratva mAneMge, anyathA indrapada saMketaviSayatvarUpa hI nAmendratva yadi mAne, to indana Adi artha kriyA 16

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122 upA. yazovijayaracite te na vicAracaJcura[? catura] dhiyo devAnAmpriyAH / upacArarUpasaGketavizeSagrahe dravyanikSepasyApyanatirekaprasaGgAt , yAdRcchikavizeSopagrahasya cAprAmANikatvAt , pitrAdikRtasaMketavizeSasyaiva grahaNAnnAmasthApanayorakyA'yogAt / evaM ca bahuSu nAmAdiSu prAtisvikaikarUpAbhisandhireva saGgrahavyApAra iti pratipattavyam / yadRcchayaiva saGgrahasvIkAre tu nAmno'pi bhAvakAraNatayA kuto na dravyAntarbhAva iti vAcyam ! 'dravyaM pariNAmitayA bhAvasambaddhaM, nAma tu vAcyavAcakabhAvene'tyasti vizeSa iti cet ? tarhi sthApanAyA api tulyapariNAmatayA bhAvasambaddhatvAt kiM na nAmno vizeSa iti paryAlocanIyam / kArI jo bhAvendra hai, usa meM nAmendratva kI Apatti aaegii| indrapadasaMketavizeSaviSayatvarUpa nAmendratva mAnane para bhAvendra meM nAmendratva kI Apatti kA pAraNa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki indrapada kA bhinna-bhinna saMketa svIkAra kareMge, isalie jaisA indrapadasaMketaviSayatva gopAladArakarUpa nAmendra meM rahatA hai, tAdRza saMketaviSayatva bhAvendra meM nahIM rahatA hai, kintu bhAvendra meM anya prakAra kA saMketaviSayatva rahatA hai, ataH ukta Apatti kA vAraNa ho jAtA hai| isItaraha indrapratikRtirUpa sthApanA meM bhI anya prakAra kA hI saMketaviSayatva rahatA hai / gopAladAraka meM jaisA saMketaviSayatva rahatA hai, vaisA saMketaviSayatva sthApanA meM nahIM rahatA / ataH sthApanA kA antarbhAva nAmanikSepa meM nahIM ho sakatA hai|"-prntu aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki saMketa meM aise vizeSa ko mAne ge, jisa se nAma, sthApanA ina donoM kA saMgraha ho jAyagA aura bhAvendra kI vyAvRtti bhI ho jAyagI / ataH saMgrahanaya sthApanA ko nAmanikSepa se atirikta nahIM mAnatA ki nAma, dravya, bhAva ina tIna nikSepa ko hI mAnatA hai, yahI pakSa sagata hai / yaha saMgraha meM nikSepatrayavAdi AcAryoM kA abhiprAya hai / [saMgraha meM nikSepatraya svIkAra vAdI mata kA nirAkaraNa ] (te na vicAra0) 'sagrahanaya sthApanA ko nahIM mAnatA hai'-isa mata kA nirAkaraNa karate hue prastutagranthakartA kA yaha kathana hai ki 'sa'grahanaya meM nikSepatraya kA hI svIkAra hai' isa mata kA samarthana karanevAloM kI buddhi sUkSma vicAra karane meM zaktizAlI nahIM hai| una logoM ne "indrapadasa ketavizeSaviSayatvam" isa nAmendratva ke nirvacana meM aisA vizeSa mAnA hai jisa se nAma, sthApanA ina donoM nikSepoM kA sagraha ho jAtA hai, parantu nAma, sthApanA sAdhAraNa usa vizeSa kA kyA svarUpa hai, isa kA spaSTIkaraNa ve nahIM kara pAe haiN| isalie una se yaha pUchanA cAhie ki jisa se sthApanA kA bhI samAveza nAmanikSepa meM ho jAtA hai usa saketavizeSa kA kyA svarUpa hai ? yadi ve loga aisA kahe ki vaha saketavizeSa upacArarUpa hI hai, to yadyapi bhAvendra meM indrAda kA mukhya saMketa hone se bhAvendra kI vyAvRtti to ho sakatI hai, kyoMki bhAvendra meM indrapada kA upacAra nahIM hotA hai / tathApi gopAlaputra rUpa nAmendra aura indrapratikRtirUpa sthApanendra meM jaise upacAra

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nayarahasyai nikSepavicAraH 123 se hI indrapada kA prayoga hotA hai usItaraha jo dravya pUrva meM indraparyAya kA anubhava kara cukA hai aura bhAvi indra paryAya kA kAraNa hai aise dravyendra meM bhI indrapada ke saketa kA upacAra karake hI indra pada kA prayoga hotA hai / isalie dravyanikSepa kA bhI nAmanikSepa samAveza ho jAtA / ataH sthApanAnikSepa ke jaise- dravyanikSepa bhI nAmanikSepa se atirikta siddha nahIM hogA / isa sthiti meM saMgrahanaya meM nikSepadvaya kA hI svIkAra raha jAyagA / nikSepatra kA svAkAra siddha nahIM hogA, to Apa ke abhilaSita kI siddhi nahIM hogI / yadi ve loga aisA kahe ki 'hama aise saketa vizeSa ko mAneMge jisa se dravyanikSepa kI vyAvRtti ho jAyagI aura sthApanA kA saMgraha ho jAyagA, ataH hamAre iSTa kI siddhi meM bAdhA na hogI' - parantu una logoM kA aisA pramANahIna svecchAkalpitavizeSa ko mAnanA yuktisaGgata na hogA / aprAmANika vastu kA svIkAra karane para una ke vicArakatva ko hAni pahu~cegI / aise yAdRcchika vizeSa ko mAnane meM kyA pramANa hai ? aisA pUchane para ve kucha bhI pramANa upasthita nahIM kara pAte haiM, ataH aisA mAnanA nirmUla hai / yadi ve loga kaheM ki - 'pitA Adi se kiyA huA saMketa hI saMketa vizeSapada se hama vivakSita karate haiM, ataH bhAvendra aura dravyendra kI vyAvRtti ho jAyagI kyoMki indranAdi aizvaryavizeSa ke sambandha se hI bhAvendra indrapada saketa kA viSaya hotA hai, pitA Adi kA saMketa vahA~ nahIM hai / dravyendra meM bhI pitA Adi kA saMketa nahIM hai'- - parantu aisA mAnane para sthApanendra meM bhI pitA Adi kA saMketa na hone ke kAraNa usa kI bhI vyAvRtti vizeSapada se ho jAyagI, taba nAma aura sthApanA meM aikya nahIM hogA / isa sthiti meM saMgrahanaya bhI nikSepa catuSTaya kA svIkarttA hI siddha hogA / Apa kA abhimata nikSepatra svIkartRtva saMgraha meM siddha nahIM hogA / yadi yaha AzaMkA uThAI jAya ki'isa rIti se nikSepacatuSTaya kA svIkAra saMgrahanaya meM siddha ho jAne para bhI ghaTatA nahIM hai, kAraNa, nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ye eka-eka hI nahIM hai kintu bahuta hai, nAma bhI ananta haiM, sthApanA bhI ananta haiM, dravya bhI ananta haiM, bhAvendra bhI bahuta haiM / isa rIti se ananta nikSepa svIkartRtva kA prasaMga dravyanaya meM AtA hai, taba nikSepacatuSTaya svIkartRtva bhI kaise ghaTegA ?' - to isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki nAmAdi bahuta hone para bhI sabhI nAma meM nAmatvarUpa se aikya kA anusandhAnarUpa saMgraha kA vyApAra rahatA hai, isalie nAmanikSepa meM ekatva A jAtA hai / evaM sthApanA, dravya, bhAva ina meM bhI bahutva bhale rahe to bhI sthApanAtvena sabhI sthApanendroM meM, dravyatvena sabhI dravyendroM meM, bhAvendratvena sabhI bhAvendroM meM aikyAbhisandhirUpa saMgraha ke vyApAra se ekatva hI siddha ho jAtA hai, isataraha nikSepa catuSTaya svIkartRtva sucArurUpa se ghaTatA hai, aisA samajhanA cAhie / [ nAma bhI kahIM bhAva kA kAraNa hone se dravya meM antarbhAva kI samasyA ] apanI icchAnusAra indrAdipada meM saMketa vizeSa kI kalpanA karake sthApanA kA nAmanikSepa meM antarbhAva karake saMgrahanaya meM nikSepatraya svIkartRtva kA durAgraha karane meM eka dUsarI bhI Apatti AtI hai ki nAma bhI bhAvanAvizeSa se anusandhAna karane para kahIM

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124 upA. yazovijayaracite kahIM bhAva kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai / jaise ki bhRGgakITanyAyasthala meM kITa anusandhAnavizeSa se bhRGga bana jAtA hai| usItaraha bhagavan nAma ke anusandhAna vizeSa se vyaktivizeSa ke asAdhAraNa svarUpa kA AvirbhAva ho jAtA hai| vaise sthala meM bhagavatsvarUpAtmaka bhAva ke prati bhAvanAvizeSa se anusaMhita bhagavannAma hI kAraNa banatA hai| bhAva ke prati kAraNa ko dravya mAnA jAtA hai, to bhAvakAraNatayA nAme kA bhI dravya meM antarbhAva kyoM na hogA ? isa prazna kA koI samAdhAna hai ? yadi dravya meM nAma kA antarbhAva mAna liyA jAya to, saMgrahanaya meM nikSepatraya kA svIkAra asiddha ho jAyagA kyoMki sthApanA kA antarbhAva Apane svecchAkalpita saMketavizeSa se nAma meM kiyA hI hai aura ukta rIti se nAma kA dravya meM antarbhAva ho jAne para dravya aura bhAva ye do nikSepa hI avaziSTa raha jaayeNge| .. . - yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"dravya kA bhAvarUpeNa pariNAma hotA hai, isalie dravya aura bhAva meM pariNAmi-pariNAmabhAva sambandha rahatA hai, ataH dravya svaniSThapariNAmitA-nirUpita pariNAmatva sambandha se athavA svaniSThapariNAmitAnirUpakatva sambandha se bhAva se sambaddha rahatA hai / isIlie bhAva aura dravya ye donoM nikSepa bhinna bhinna mAne jAte haiN| usItaraha nAma bhAva kA vAcaka hotA hai aura bhAva nAma kA vAcya hotA hai isalie ina donoM meM vAcyavAcakabhAva mAnA jAtA hai| ataH nAma svaniSThavAcakatAnirUpita vAcyatA sambandha se athavA svaniSThavAcakatAnirUpakatva sambandha se bhAva ke sAtha sambaddha rahatA hai| jaise-pariNAmi-pariNAmabhAva sambandha meM bhedaghaTitatva hone ke kAraNa dravya aura bhAva meM bheda rahatA hai, tathA dravya meM bhAva kA antarbhAva nahIM hotA, usI taraha vAcyavAcaka bhAva sambandha bhI bhedaghaTita hotA hai ataH nAma aura bhAva meM bheda bhI rahatA hai / nAma aura dravya kA aikya to taba hotA yadi jisa sambandha se dravyabhAva meM sambaddha hotA hai usI sambandha se nAma bhI bhAva meM sambaddha hotA, parantu aisA to hai nhiiN| dravya ko bhAva meM sambaddha hone ke lie svaniSThapariNAmitAnirUpakatva sambandha kI apekSA rahatI hai aura nAma ko bhAva meM sambaddha hone ke lie svaniSThavAcakatAnirUpakatva sambandha kI apekSA rahatI hai, ataH nAma kA dravya meM antarbhAva nahIM ho sakatA hai"-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jisa sambandha se nAma bhAva ke sAtha sambaddha hotA hai usa sambandha se sthApanA bhI bhAva ke sAtha sambaddha nahIM hotI kintu tulya pariNAmatva sambandha se hI sthApanA bhAva ke sAtha sambaddha hotI hai kyoMki indanAdirUpa bhAvendra svakAraNIbhUta dravya kA jaisA pariNAma hai vaisA hI kASThAdinirmitarUpa sthApanA bhI svakAraNIbhUta kASThAdi kA pariNAmavizeSa hai, ina donoM pariNAmoM meM AkAra kA sAmya rahatA hai, isalie bhAva meM sambaddha hone ke lie sthApanA ko bhI tulyapariNAmatva sambandhAntara kI hI apekSA rahatI hai / ataH sambandhabheda se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa yadi nAma kA dravya meM antarbhAva na mAnA jAya to, sthApanA kA bhI nAma meM antarbhAva mAnanA yukta nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai kyoMki sthApanA bhI to sambandhAntara se bhAva meM sambaddha hotI hai, yaha pUrA vicAra karanA caahie|

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126 nayarahasye vyavahAranayaH syAdetat , SaNNAM pradezasvIkartu.gamAt paJcAnAM tatsvIkAra ivAtrApi caturnikSepasvIkartustatastattrayasvIkAreNaiva saMgrahasya vizeSo yukta iti / maivam , dezapradezavat sthApanAyA upacaritavibhAgAbhAvena saMgraha vizeSAditi dik // 2 // lokavyavahAropayiko'dhyavasAya vizeSo vyavahAraH / "vaccai viNicchiyatthaM, vavahAro savvadavvesu ||tti|| [anu0 152] sUtram / vinizcitArthaprAptizcAsya sAmAnyAnabhyupagame sati vizeSAbhyupagamAt / ata eva vizeSeNAvahiyate-nirAkriyate sAmAnyamaneneti niruktyupapattiH / jalAharaNAdhupayogino ghaTAdi vizeSAnevAyamaGgI yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"pradeza ke viSaya meM naigama aura saMgraha meM yahI vizeSa mAnA gayA hai ki naigamanaya dharma, adharma, AkAza, jIva, skandha aura ina ke deza ina chaH vastu ke pradeza mAnatA hai aura saMgrahanaya dharma, adharma, AkAza, jIva aura skandha ina pA~ca vastuoM kA hI pradeza mAnatA hai, isalie SaDvastu sambandhi pradeza svIkartRtva naigana kA dharma hai, paJcavastusambandhipradeza svIkartRtva saMgraha kA dharma hai, yahI naigama saMgraha kA bheda hai / vaise hI nikSepa ke viSaya meM bhI nikSepacatuSTaya svIkartRtva naigama meM rahatA hai aura nikSepatraya svIkartRtva sagraha meM rahatA hai, yahI ina donoM meM vizeSa hai, aisA mAnanA cAhie"-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki naigama upacAra ko mAnatA hai, isalie deza aura pradeza meM bheda kI kalpanA karake dezoM kA bhI pradeza mAna letA hai / sagrahanaya upacAra ko nahIM mAnatA hai isalie deza aura pradeza ina donoM meM usa ke mata se bheda nahIM hai / ataH deza kA pradeza vaha nahIM mAnatA hai, isIlie dharmAdi pAMca kA hI pradeza saMgrahanaya mAnatA hai / ataH pradeza ke viSaya meM isa rIti se naigama aura saMgraha kA bheda sambhavita hai / sthApanA aura nAma meM to upacarita aura mukhya aisA vibhAga naigama ne nahIM mAnA hai, isalie sthApanA ko svIkAra karane meM saMgraha ko bAdhA nahIM hai / yadi sthApanA meM upacAra hotA, to saMgraha usa ko nahIM mAnatA, yaha bAta alaga hai| niSkarSa, saMgraha sthApanA kA bhI svIkAra avazya karegA / ataH nikSepacatuSTaya svIkartatva aura nikSepatraya svIkartRtva ke bheda se naigama kI apekSayA saMgraha meM vizeSa mAnanA sambhavita nahIM ho sakatA hai / taba nikSepacatuSTaya svIkartRtva ina donoM nayoM meM samAna hone para bhI naigama kI apekSayA upacArAsvIkartRtva yaha vizeSa saMgraha meM rahegA / [saMgrahanaya samApta ] [lokavyavahAra sAdhaka adhyavasAya-vyavahAra naya ] (lokavyavahAra) loka meM jo jalAharaNAdi vyavahAra hotA hai, usa meM aupayika yAnI upAyabhUta jo abhiprAyavizeSa vahA vyavahAranaya hai / isa lakSaNa meM vyavahArapada vyavahAranaya kA bodha karatA huA vyavahAranaya meM lakSyatva kA nide za karatA hai aura avaziSTa do pada vyavahAranaya ke lakSaNa bodhaka haiM / jisa adhyavasAya vizeSa se jalAharaNAdi jo laukikavyavahAra sampanna hote haiM vahI abhiprAyavizeSa vyavahAranaya kA lakSaNa phalita hotA * vrajati vinizcitArtha vyavahAraH sarvadravyeSu /

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ET upA. yazovijayaracite karoti, na tu sAmAnyam, arthakriyA'hetostasya zazazRGgaprAyatvAt / "ghaTo'yaM dravyami - tyAdau bhAsamAnaM ghaTatvadravyatvAdikaM kathamapahnotu zakyamiti cet na kathaJcit, anyApoharUpaM tat, na tvatiriktamityeva paramucyate, akhaNDAbhAvanivezAcca naanyonyaashryH| yadi caivamapyabhAvasAmAnyAbhyupagamApattiH, tadA tu sarvatra zabdAnugamAdevAnugatavyavahAraH, kAraNatvavyAptyAdau pareNApItthamevAbhyupagamAdityAdikaM prapaJcita manyatra / hai / ghaTapaTAdirUpa vizeSoM se hI laukika vyavahAra hote haiM, isalie vizeSaviSayaka abhiprAya hI vyavahAra kA kAraNa banatA hai / ghaTatvAdi sAmAnyoM se jalAharaNAdi rUpa laukikavyavahAra sambhavita nahIM haiM, isalie sAmAnyaviSayaka abhiprAya vyavahAranaya kA lakSaNa nahIM banatA, kintu vizeSaviSayaka abhiprAya hI vyavahAranaya kA lakSaNa banatA hai / isa lakSaNa ko pramANita karane ke lie vize0 niyukti gAthA - 2183 meM ullikhita " vaccai viNi0" ityAdi anuyoga dvAra sUtra kA uddharaNa apane grantha meM karate haiM / "loko vyavahAraparo vizeSato yasmAttena vyavahAraH", isataraha vyavahArapada kI vyAkhyA bRhadvRtti meM dI gaI hai| isa kA artha yaha hotA hai ki jisa naya ke anusAra loga vizeSarUpa se vyavahAraparAyaNa hotA hai, vaha vyavahAranaya kahA jAtA hai / yaha vyavahAraparAyaNatA loga meM vinizcita artha kI prApti ke binA sambhavita nahIM ho sakatI hai, isalie sUtrakAra ne yaha batAyA ki sabhI dravyoM vyavahAranaya vinizcita artha ko prApta karatA hai / nizcita artha kI prApti kA matalaba yaha hai ki vyavahAranaya vizeSoM kA hI vyavasthApana karatA hai, usa ke bAda lokavyavahAra kI pravRtti hotI hai / yaha naya sAmAnya ko svIkAra na kara ke vizeSa kA svIkAra karatA hai, yahI vinizcitArthaprApti hai| sUtra kA aisA artha karane se vyavahAranaya meM laukika vyavahAra kAraNatA siddha hone se granthakAra kRta lakSaNa ko samarthana milatA hai / yaha naya sAmAnya kA abhyupagama nahIM karatA hai, isIlie "vizeSeNa avaddiyate-nirAkriyate sAmAnyamanena" isaprakAra kA bRhadvRtti meM diyA huA sAmAnya kA vizeSarUpa vizeSoM ko hI yaha naya vyavahAra pada kA nirvacana bhI saGgata hotA hai, kyoMki yaha naya se nirAkaraNa karatA hai / jalAdi AharaNa meM upayogI ghaTarUpa mAnatA hai, sAmAnya ko nahIM mAnatA hai / kyoMki ghaTatva-paTatvAdi sAmAnya jalAharaNAdirUpa arthakriyA meM hetu nahIM banate haiM, isalie ghaTatvAdi sAmAnya, vyavahAra kI dRSTi se zazazrRGgatulya haiM, arthAt asat haiM / [ vyavahAra naya meM sAmAnya anyApoha rUpa ] yadi kahe ki "yaha ghaTa hai- yaha dravya hai" ityAdi pratItiyoM meM ghaTatva dravyatvAdi sAmAnya bhAsamAna hote haiM isalie sAmAnya kA apalApa kaise ho sakatA hai ? anubhavasiddha vastu kA apalApa koI bhI vicAraka vyakti nahIM karatA hai, yadi anubhavasiddha vastu kA bhI apalApa kareMge to sAmAnya ke jaise vizeSa bhI asat bana jaaeNge| taba to sarva zUnyavAdI mAdhyamika mata meM syAdvAdI kA bhI praveza ho jAyagA, isa se siddhAnta hAni kA prasaGga

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nayarahasye vyavahAranayaH ho jAyagA / ataH "yaha ghaTa hai, yaha dravya hai" ityAdi pratItisiddha ghaTatva- dravyatvAdi sAmAnya ko bhI mAnanA cAhie / " to yaha saGgata nahIM hai / kAraNa, vidhirUpa sAmAnya ko hI hama nahIM mAnate haiM / anyApoharUpa yAnI itaravyAvRttirUpa sAmAnya ko, to hama mAnate hI haiM, sAmAnya kA sarvathA apalApa hama nahIM karate haiM / ghaTetaravyAvRttirUpa ghaTatva se hI "yaha ghaTa hai" ityAdi anugata pratIti bana jAyagI / isItaraha dravyetaravyAvRttirUpa dravyatva ko mAnakara "yaha dravya hai, yaha dravya hai" yaha pratIti bhI bana jAyagI, ataH apoha se atirikta vidhirUpa sAmAnya nahIM hai, aisA mAnane meM, na to zUnyavAdI ke mata meM praveza kA prasaGga hai aura na siddhAntabhaGga kA prasaGga hai, kyoMki hama vizeSoM kA svIkAra karate haiM / isalie zUnyavAdI ke mata meM jaise lokavyavahAra ke uccheda kA prasaGga hotA hai vaise vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi meM nahIM hotA hai / vyavahAranaya ke mata meM lokavyavahAropayogI vizeSa rUpa ghaTAdi mAnya haiM / 127 [ anyApoharUpa sAmAnya kI jJapti me anyonyAzraya doSa ? ] yadi yaha tarka UThAyA jAya ki - "ghaTatva, dravyatvAdi ko vidhirUpa na mAnakara anyApoharUpa hI vyavahAranaya mAnegA to anyonyAzraya doSa kA prasaMga AyegA / jahA~ do padArthoM meM paraspara kI utpatti meM paraspara kI apekSA hotI hai athavA paraspara ke jJAna meM paraspara ke jJAna kI apekSA hotI hai vahA~ anyonyAzraya doSa hotA hai / ghaTatva ko yadi ghaTAnyApoharUpa mAneMge to apoha zabda kA bheda artha hone ke kAraNa ghaTatva ghaTAnyabhedarUpa paDegA, ghaTAnya zabda kA artha ghaTAnyatva viziSTa paTAdi hotA hai aura paTAdi kA apoha ghaTa meM paTAdyanyatvarUpa hogA / apoha, anyatva, bheda, vyAvRtti ina cAroM zabdoM kA artha eka hI hotA hai / ghaTa meM ghaTAnyatvarUpa ghaTatva kA jJAna karanA hogA, taba paTAdiniSTha ghaTAnyatva ke jJAna kI apekSA rahegI tabhI ghaTa meM paTAnyatva kA jJAna ho sakegA, aura paTAdiniSTha ghaTAnyatva kA jJAna karanA hogA to ghaTa meM jo paTAnyatva hai, usa ke jJAna kI apekSA hogI / isa taraha ghaTagata paTAnyatva ke graha kI apekSA hone se jJapti meM anyonyAzraya doSa kA prasaMga upasthita hotA hai ataH anyopoharUpa ghaTatvAdi ko mAnanA saMgata nahIM ho sakatA hai|" - to isa tarka kA samAdhAna yaha hai, samAdhAna:- ghaTa meM ghaTAnyApoharUpa ghaTatva ko svIkAra karane para anyonyAzraya doSa kA prasaMga tabhI ho sakatA hai, yadi ghaTAnyAnyatvarUpa ghaTAnyApoha ko sakhaNDa abhAvarUpa mAnA jAya / sakhaNDa abhAva mAnane para eka khaNDa 'ghaTAnya' hogA, dUsarA khaNDa 'tadanyatva' hogA, isalie ghaTabheda graha meM paTabhedagraha kI aura paTabhedagraha meM ghaTabhedagraha kI apekSA hone se anyonyAzraya doSa upasthita hone ko avakAza thA / parantu vyavahAranaya ghaTAnyApoha ko sakhaNDa amAvarUpa nahIM mAnatA kintu akhaNDa abhAvarUpa mAnatA hai, arthAt ghaTagata ghaTatva jo ghaTAnyAnyatvarUpa hai, vaha akhaNDabhedarUpa hai, aisA mAnatA hai| akhaNDa ghaTAnyApoha ke jJAna meM paTAnyatva jJAna kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai kyoMki apoha ghaTabheda aura paTabheda ina donoM kA khaNDarUpa se praveza nahIM hai, ataH ghaTAnyApoha kA jJAna ghaTabheda jJAna ke binA bhI ho jAyagA / do vastu rahane para hI paraspara meM sApekSatA kI sambhAvanA

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228 upA. yazovijayaracite rahatI hai| ghaTAnyAnyatvarUpa ghaTAnyApoha eka abhAvarUpa hI hai, isalie anyonyAzraya doSa ko yahA~ avasara hA nahIM hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"akhaNDAbhAvarUpa ghaTAnyApoha hove to bhI abhAvAtmaka sAmAnya kA svIkAra vyavahAranaya meM siddha ho hI jAtA hai, taba 'vyavahAra kI dRSTi se sAmAnya nahIM hai', yaha kahanA kaise saMgata hogA ?"-isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki akhaNDAbhAvarUpa sAmAnya bhI vyavahAra ke mata se mAnya nahIM hai, isalie sAmA. nyAbhyupagama kI Apatti nahIM A sktii| taba sAmAnya ke asvAkAra pakSa meM "yaha ghaTa hai, yaha ghaTa hai" ityAdi anugatavyavahAra vyavahAranaya ke mata se kaise hogA ? isa prazna kA yaha uttara hai ki "ayaM ghaTaH, ayaM ghaTaH, idaM dravyam , idaM dravyam" ityAdi vyavahAroM meM ghaTa, dravya Adi zabdoM kA anugama to avazya rahatA hai, vaha ghaTa-dravyAdi zabdoM ke samparka ke binA nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie anugatavyavahAra kA niyAmaka zabdAnugama hI ho jAyagA, ataH sAmAnya ko mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rhegii| zabdAnugama se anugata vyavahAra ko naiyAyikAdi anyavAdI bhI mAnate haiM, kyoMki kAraNatA-vyApti Adi sakala kAraNoM meM yA sakala vyAptiyoM meM anugata koI eka dharma ina ke mata meM bhI nahIM hai, to bhI ghaTakAraNIbhUta daNDa-cakra, cIvara, kulAlAdi meM 'kAraNaM kAraNaM' aisA vyavahAra hotA hai, usa anugatavyavahAra kA niyAmaka daNDa-cakrAdigata kAraNatA nahIM ho sakatI, kyoMki kAryaniyatapUrvavRttirUpa kAraNatA svarUpasambandhAtmaka hone ke kAraNa daNDa-cakrAdirUpa kAraNa bheda se bhinna bhinna hai / 'kAraNatAvacchedaka dharma ke dvArA "kAraNa, kAraNam' yaha anugata vyavahAra hotA hai, yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA nahIM hai kyoMki daNDa-cakrAdi sakala ghaTa kAraNoM meM ghaTajanakatAvacchedaka koI eka anugata dharma nahIM rhtaa| isalie "kAraNa, kAraNam" isa anugatavyavahAra meM niyAmaka kAraNazabda kA anugama hI ho sakatA hai, kyoMki ukta anugatavyavahAra meM yadi kAraNa zabda kA anupraveza na ho to vaha anugata vyavahAra nahIM bana sakatA hai / evam, dhUma meM jo agni kI vyApti hai vaha sAdhyasAmAnAdhikaraNyarUpa hai, sAdhyasAmAnAdhikaraNya zabda kA artha sAdhyAdhikaraNa vRttitva hotA hai, vaha vRttitva sAdhyAdhikaraNa ke bheda se vyApyatvena abhimata tat-tat dhUmavyakti meM bhinna-bhinna hai, ataH sakala dhUmavyaktiyoM meM vyAptinAmaka anugamaka koI ekadharma nahIM hai / tathApi dhUma agni kA vyApya hai aisA anugata vyavahAra hotA hai / vaha vyavahAra kisI ko anugamaka mAne binA saMbhavita nahIM hai, isalie vyApyazabda yA vyApti zabda ke anugama se hI usa anugata vyavahAra kA upapAdana ho sakatA hai / isataraha mAne binA naiyAyikoM ko bhI kAraNatA aura vyApti ke viSaya meM anugatavyavahAra nahIM ho sakatA hai, ataH vyavahAranaya bhI sAmAnya ko mAne binA bhI "ayaM ghaTaH, ayaM ghaTaH" anugatavyavahAra kA utpAdana kara legA to isa kI dRSTi meM sAmAnya kA anabhyupagama hone para bhI koI kSati nahIM hai| mUla grantha meM "vyAptyAdau" aisA pATha hai, vahA~ Adi pada se kAryatA, pakSatA, pratiyogitA, anuyogitA, AdheyatA, adhikaraNatA ye sabhI svarUpasambandhAtmaka dharma grAhya haiN| ye sabhI dharma svarUpasambandhAtmaka hone ke kAraNa pratyeka vyakti meM bhinna bhinna haiM isalie anugatavyavahAra ke niyAmaka nahIM bana sakate haiM, to bhI 'idaM kArya, idaM anuyogi, idaM

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nayarahasye vyavahAranayaH "laukikasama upacAraprAyo vistRtArthoM vyavahAraH" iti tattvArthabhApyam / vizeSa pratipAdanaparametata / yathA hi loko nizcayataH paJcavarNe'pi bhramare kRSNavarNatvamaGgIkaroti tathAyamapIti laukikasamaH / na ca 'kRSNo bhramara' ityatra vidyamAnetaravarNapratiSedhAd bhrAntatvam , anudbhUtatvenetarA'vivakSaNAt , tadvyudAse'tAtparyAt, udbhUtavarNavivakSAyA evAbhilApAdibyavahArahetutvAt / kRSNAdipadasyodbhUtakRSNAdiparatvAdvA'tAtparyajJapratyetasyA'prAmANye'pi tAtparyajJaprati prAmANyAt , lokavyavahArAnukUlavivakSAprayuktatvena ca bhAvasatyatvA'virodhAd / ata eva "pIto bhramara" iti na vyavahArato bhAvasatyam , lokavyavahArAnanukUlatvAt , nApi nizcayataH, avadhAraNA'kSamatvAdityasatyameva / pratiyogi, idaM Adheyam, idaM adhikaraNam' ityAdi anugatavyavahAra to hote hI haiM / una anugatavyavahAroM kA niyAmaka una vyavahAroM meM anupraviSTa kArya, pratiyogi, anuyogi, Adheya, adhikaraNa Adi zabda hI ho sakate haiM isalie ve anugatavyavahAra bhI zabdAnugama se hI tArkikoM ko bhI sAdhya mAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai| tadvat vyavahAranaya, sAmAnya ko na mAnane para bhI 'a ghaTaH' ityAdi anugatavyavahAroM kA utpAdana karatA hai-yaha abhiprAya granthakAraprayukta Adi pada se nikalatA hai| granthakAra kA yaha bhI kahanA hai ki isa vastu kA vistArarUpa se nirUpaNa anyagrantha meM kiyA gayA hai, isalie yahA~ para saMkSepa rUpa se hI kathana kiyA hai| [tattvArthabhASya ke anusAra vyavahAranaya kI vyAkhyA ] (laukikasama) laukikavyavahAra meM kAraNabhUta adhyavasAyavizeSa hI vyavahAranaya hai, aisA pUrva meM granthakAra kaha Ae haiM / usa ke samarthana meM tattvArthasUtra ke bhASya kA uddharaNa yahA~ kiyA hai / bhASyokta vyavahAralakSaNa meM "laukikasama" zabda meM laukika zabda se manuSyAdi puruSa kI vivakSA hai / laukikapuruSa ghaTAdirUpa vizeSoM ke dvArA hI jalAharaNAdi vyavahAra karatA hai, isalie vyavahAranaya lokikapuruSa ke tulya hai| yaha "tattvArthabhASya" usa vasta ko siddha karatA hai ki vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se ghaTAdirUpa vizeSa hI mAnya hai| ghaTatva, dravyatvAdi sAmAnya isa ko mAnya nahIM hai, kyoMki ghaTatvAdi sAmAnyoM se koI vyavahAra nahIM hotaa| isataraha yaha bhASyagrantha bhI vizeSa kA hA pratipAdana karatA huA granthakArokta lakSaNa kA samarthana kara rahA hai / laukikasamatva kA tAtparya yaha hai ki nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se bhramara meM kRSNa, rakta Adi pA~ca varNa jaina zAstroM meM mAne gae haiM to bhI bhramara meM sabhI loga kRSNavarNa hI mAnate haiN| usI taraha vyavahAranaya bhI pAMca varNo ke hone para bhI kRSNavarNa hI mAnatA hai| kisI laukika puruSa ko pUchA jAya ki bhramara kisa varNa kA hotA hai ? to vaha nizcitarUpa se yahI javAba degA ki bhramara kAlA hotA hai| vaise hI vyavahAranaya bhI bhramara

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130 upA0 yazovijayaracite ko kAlA hI mAnatA hai| isa hetu se bhASyakAra ne vyavahAranaya ke lakSaNa meM "laukikasama" yaha vizeSaNa lagAyA hai, isa kA artha yaha hai ki laukikapuruSa aura vyavahAranaya kI mAnyatA meM sAmya hone ke kAraNa vyavahAranaya laukikapuruSa sama hai / yahA~ eka zaMkA hai ki-zAstrIyavyutpattimAna loka bhramara meM raktAdivarNa ko bhI mAnate haiM, vaisA mAnane kA AdhAra una ke liye zAstra hI hai, isalie kRSNetaravarNa kA sadabhAva bhramara meM avazya hai, taba yadi vyavahAranaya itaravarNa kA pratiSedha mAnegA to abhiprAya vizeSarUpa vyavahAranaya meM bhrAntatva kA prasaMga AyegA |'-is kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki kRSNetara raktAdivarNa kA sadabhAva jo zAstra dvArA bhramara meM siddha hotA hai, usa ke pratiSedha meM vyavahAranaya kA tAtparya nahIM hai kintu raktAdivarNa bhramara meM rahate hue bhI udbhUta (pragaTa) nahIM hai arthAt pratyakSayogya nahIM hai, isalie una kI vivakSA vyavahAranaya nahIM karatA hai / kRSNavarNa to bhramara meM ubhRta hai, ataH kRSNavarNamAtra kI vivakSA vyavahAra naya ko hai / udbhUtavarNa kI vivakSA hI "kRSNavarNA bhramaraH" ityAdi zabdaprayogarUpa abhilApa aura bhramara meM kRSNatA ke vyavahAra kA hetu hai isalie vyavahAranaya bhramara meM kRSNavarNa ko hI mAnatA hai aura usa meM bhrAntatA kA prasaMga bhI nahIM hai / raktAdivarNa yadyapi bhramara meM rahate haiM, to bhI "bhramara rakta hotA hai, bhramara pIta hotA hai' ityAdi vAkyoM kA prayoga nahIM hotA hai to isa kA kAraNa raktAdivoM meM udabhUtatva na hone ke kAraNa raktAdivoM kI vivakSA kA abhAva hI hai| dUsarA samAdhAna yaha bhI hai ki "kRSNavarNo bhramaraH" isa vAkya meM kRSNapada kA udbhUtakRSNa artha mAnakara prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, isalie isa vAkya se "udbhUtakRSNarUpavAlA bhramara' aisA bodha hotA hai| bhramara meM raktAdirUpa udbhUta to nahIM hai kevala kRSNa hI udbhUta hai, isa hetu se isa vAkya se utpanna bodha meM bhrAntatva nahIM AtA hai / jo loga "kRSNo bhramaraH" isa vAkya meM kRSNapada kA udbhUtakRSNa meM tAtparya hai, aisA nahIM samajhate haiM, aise atAtparyajJa zrotA ke prati isa vAkyajanya bodha meM aprAmANya hone para bhI kRSNa para udbhUtakRSNa meM vaktA kA tAtparya hai, isataraha tAtparya ko jAnanevAle zrotA ke prati etadavAkyajanyabodha pramANa hai kyoMki lokavyavahArAnukUla vivakSA se isa vAkya kA prayoga kiyA hai, isalie bhAvasatyatA mAnane meM koI virodha nahIM hai, kyoMki loka meM "bhramara kRSNavarNavAlA hotA hai" aisA hI vyavahAra pracalita hai aura jaisA hI vyavahAra loka meM hotA hai vaisI hI vaktA kI vivakSA bhI hai / "pIto bhramaraH" isa vAkyaprayoga meM bhAvasatyatA nahIM hai kyoMki loka meM "bhramara pItavarNavAlA hai" aisA vyavahAra nahIM hotA hai| ataH yaha vAkya lokavyavahArAnukUla na hone ke kAraNa pramANarUpa bodha kA janaka, vyavahAra naya ke anusAra bhI nahIM hotA hai / "pIto bhramaraH" yaha vAkya nizcayanaya ke anusAra bhI bhAvasatya nahIM hai, kyoMki "pIto bhramaraH" isa vAkya meM 'bhramara pIta hI hotA hai'. aisA avadhAraNa karane kI kSamatA nahIM hai| kAraNa 'bhramara pIta haiM' yaha vAkyaprayoga loka ke prati hI karanA hai, loka meM vizeSarUpa se bhramara meM kRSNatA kI hI prasiddhi hai, vaha pItatA ke avadhAraNa meM virodhI hai| virodhI ke samavadhAna meM pItatA kA avadhAraNa "pIto bhramaraH" yaha vAkya kaise kara sakegA ? ataH "pIto bhramaraH" yaha vAkya bhAvasatya nahIM bana sakatA kintu asatya hI hai / ataeva loka meM pramANa nahIM mAnA jAtA /

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nayarahasye vyavahAranayaH nanu "kRSNo bhramara" iti vAkyavat "paJcavarNo bhramara' iti vAkyamapi kathaM na vyavahAranayAnurodhi, tasyApi lokavyavahArAnukUlatvAt , AgamabodhitArthe'pi vyutpannalokasya vyavahAradarzanAt lokabAdhitArthabodhakavAkyasyA'vyavahArakatve ca 'AtmA na rUpavAn'ityAdivAkyasyApyavyavahArakatvApAtAttasyApyAtmagauratvAdibodhakalokapramANabAdhitArthabodhakatvAt abhrAntalokAbAdhitArthabodhakatvaM ca ubhayatra tulyam / 'pratyakSaniyataiva vyavahAraviSayatA na tvAgamAdiniyate'ti tu vyavahAradunayasya cArvAkadarzanapravartakasya matam, na tu vyavahAranayasya jainadarzanaspazina (iti) cet ? satyam , yadyapi kvacidadRSTArthe naizcayikaviSayatAsaMvalitaiva vyAvahArikaviSayatA svIkriyate, tathApi lokaprasiddhArthAnuvAdasthale kvacideva seti "kRSNo bhramara" iti vAkye svajanyabodhe bhramaraviSayatA nirUpitakRSNatvAvacchinnavyavahAraviSayatAsatvAdvayAvahArikatvam , "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" iti vAkye ca svajanyabodhe bhramaraviSayAnirUpitapaJcavarNatvAkhyaviSayatAyAM vyAvahArikatvAbhAvAnna tathAtvamiti dik // [ 'paMcavarNavAlA bhramara' vAkya meM vyAvahArikatva kI AzaMkA ] (nanu kRSNo) yahA~ koI zaMkA karatA hai-zaMkA:-"kRSNo bhramaraH" yaha vAkya lokavyavahArAnukUla hone ke kAraNa vyavahAranaya ke anurodha se jaise pramANa mAnA jAtA hai, usI taraha "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" yaha vAkya bhI vyavahAranaya ke anurodha se pramANa kyoM nahIM hogA ? yaha vAkya bhI lokavyavahArAnukUla hai / yadyapi sakalaloka bhramara meM paJcavarNatva kA vyavahAra nahIM karate haiM to bhI zAstrIyavyutpattivAle loga to bhramara meM paJcavarNatva kA vyavahAra karate hI haiM aura "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" aisA vAkyaprayoga bhI karate haiM / "kRSNo isa vAkya meM bhI sakalalokavyavahArAnukUlatva to nahIM hai, kyoMki zAstrIya vyutpatti rahita loka hI bhramara meM kRSNatva kA vyavahAra karate haiM / ataH sakalalokavyavahArAnukUlatva ina donoM vAkyoM meM se kisI bhI vAkya meM nahIM hai| lokaikadezavyavahArAnukUlatva donoM vAkyoM meM hai / taba "kRSNo bhramaraH" isa vAkya meM prAmANya mAnA jAya aura "paJcavarNI bhramaraH" isa vAkya meM prAmANya na mAnA jAya, isa kA niyAmaka kucha bhI dekhane meM AtA nahIM hai / ataH donoM hI vAkyoM ko samAnarUpa se vyavahAranaya ke mata meM pramANa mAnanA cAhie ? / zAstrIyavyutpattimAn loka jo bhramara meM paJcavarNatva kA vyavahAra karate haiM, usa kA AdhAra yahI hai ki Agama se bhramara meM paJcavarNatva siddha hai-yaha khyAla yahA~ rakhanA cAhie / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"bhramara meM paJcavarNatvarUpa artha Agama se bhale siddha hotA ho, to bhI vaha artha lokapramANa se bAdhita hai, kyoMki bhramara meM lokapramANa se kRSNavarNa hI siddha hotA hai, ataH "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" yaha vAkya lokabAdhita artha kA bodhaka hone se loka vyavahArAnukUla nahIM mAnA jAyegA / ataH yavyahAranaya kI dRSTi meM vaha vAkya

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2rUra upA. yazovijayaracite pramANa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, kyoMki vyavahAranaya ko lokasama mAnA gayA hai"-parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki lokabAdhita artha kA bodhaka hone se "paJcavarNI bhramaraH" yaha vAkya yadi vyavahArAnukUla nahIM mAnA jAya to "AtmA na rUpavAn" yaha vAkya bhI avyAvahArika bana jAyegA, kyoMki loka to anAdikAla se AtmA aura zarIra meM abhedAdhyavasAyavAn hI hai, isIlie "ahaM gauraH", "ahaM zyAmaH", "ahaM kRzaH", "ahaM sthUla:' ityAdi loka vyavahAra se AtmA meM "gauratva, zyAmatva, kRzatva, sthUlatva' ko hI mAnate haiN| ataH lokapramANa se AtmA meM gauratvAdi dharma hI siddha haiM aura arUpavattA bAdhita hai| isa kAraNa se lokabAdhitArthabodhakatva "AtmA na rUpavAn" isa vAkya meM bhI prApta hotA hai taba to yaha vAkya bhI vyavahAranayAnukUla na hone kI Apatti aayegii| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"AtmA na rUpavAn" yaha vAkya aise hI logoM meM bAdhitArtha hai, jina logoM ko zarIra meM Atmatva kA bhrama hai, athavA zarIra meM AtmA kA abhedAdhyavasAya hai, ye donoM prakAra ke loga hote haiN| ina logoM kI dRSTi se AtmA meM arUpavattA kA bAdha bhale ho, tathApi zarIra meM Atmatva bhrama, yA zarIra meM AtmA kA abhedAdhyavasAya jina ko nahIM hai, aise zAstrIya vyatpattiyakta vyakti ko zarIra meM Atmatvabhrama athavA abhedAdhyavasAya nahIM hotA, ataH ve loga abhrAnta haiM / isataraha ke abhrAntaloga meM, AtmA meM arUpavattA kA bAdha nahIM hotA, isalie "AtmA na rUpavAna' isa vAkya meM abhrAntalokaabAdhitArthabodhakatva rahatA hai aura vahI isa vAkya meM vyAvahArikatva kA prayojaka hai| ataH "AtmA na rUpavAn" isa vAkya meM avyAvahArikatva kA prasaMga upasthita karanA yukta nahIM hai|"-to isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" isa vAkya kA artha bhI jina ko 'bhramara meM kevala kRSNarUpa rahatA hai' aisA bhrama hai, aise bhrAnta lokoM se hI bAdhita hai / jina ko zAstrIya vyutpatti jJAta hai, aise loka to bhramara meM kRSNa raktAdi pAMca prakAra ke varNoM ko mAnate hI haiM, aura una kA vaisA mAnanA bhrama nahIM hai, ataH ve abhrAnta hai / isataraha abhrAntaloka abAdhitArthabodhakatva rUpa vyAvahArikatva kA prayojaka, "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" isa vAkya meM rahatA hai, taba yaha vAkya bhI vyavahAranayAnurodhI kyoM na hogA ? yaha Apatti khaDI hI rahatI hai / yadi aisA kahe' ki-"pratyakSaviSayatA kI apekSA se vyavahAraviSayatA vyApya hai, kyoMki jahA~ jahA~ pratyakSaviSayatA hai, vahA~ vahA~ hI vyavahAraviSayatA hotI hai aisI pratIti hotI hai| kiMtu jahA~ jahA~ AgamAdipramANajanyabodhaviSayatA hai vahA~ hI vyavahAraviSayatA ho isataraha kI pratIti nahIM hotI hai| isalie vyavahAraviSayatA AgamAdipramANajanyabodhaviSayatA kI apekSA se niyata nahIM hai, kintu pratyakSaviSayatA kI hI niyata hai| ataH bhramara meM kRSNa, raktAdi pAMca prakAra ke varSoM kA bodha Agama se bhale hotA ho, to bhI bhramaragata paJcavoM meM pratyakSaviSayatArUpa vyApaka na hone ke kAraNa vyavahAraviSayatArUpa vyApya nahIM hogA / vyApaka kI nivRtti se vyApya kI nivRtti honA sarvatra prasiddha hI hai / ataH "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" yaha vAkya vyavahAranayAnurodhI kase bana sakatA hai ?'parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki Apane jo batAyA hai ki pratyakSaviSayatA ke prati hI vyavahAraviSayatA vyApya banatI hai aura AgamAdi pramANajanya bodhaSiSayatA ke

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nayarahasye vyavahAranayaH prati vyavahAraviSayatA vyApya nahIM banatI hai, yaha kathana vyavahArarUpa durnaya kI dRSTi se saMgata hai, jisa durnaya se "cArvAka darzana" kI pravRtti huI hai / cArvAka darzana meM kevala pratyakSapramANa hI mAnya hai, anumAna aura Agama pramANa usa ko mAnya nahIM hai, isalie pratyakSaviSayatAmAtra ke prati vyavahAraviSayatA meM vyApyatA usa ke mata se siddha ho bhI sakatI hai / jainadarzana ko mAnya jo vyavahAranaya hai, usa ke anusAra pratyakSaviSayatA mAtra ke prati vyavahAraviSayatA meM vyApyatva nahIM hai kyoMki jainadarzana anamAna aura a ityAdi pramAloM ko bhI mAnatA hai isalie anumAna aura Agama pramANajanyabodhaviSayatA ke sAtha bhI vyavahAraviSayatA kA sambandha jainadarzana ko mAnya hai, kyoMki pratyakSa kI taraha anumAna aura Agama se siddha vastu kA bhI jainadarzana ke mata meM vyavahAra hotA hai| bhramara meM paJcavarNatva Agamasiddha hai, usa meM bhI vyavahAraviSayatA avazya rahegI to "paJcavarNA bhramaraH" yaha vAkya bhI vyavahAranayAnurodhI kyoM na hogA ? yaha pUrvokta zaMkA khaDI hI rahatI hai / [paMcavarNavAlA bhramara' isa vAkya meM vyAvahArikatva kA vyAvarttana-samAdhAna] samAdhAnaH-(satyam) nanu ityAdi grantha se jo pUrvapakSI ne kahA hai usa kA kucha aMza meM svIkAra siddhAnti ko bhI hai, isa vastu ko sUcita karane ke lie "satyam" pada kA prayoga kiyA hai / pUrvokta zaMkA ke samAdhAna meM siddhAnti kA kahanA hai ki kucha aise bhI padArtha haiM jo pratyakSa se dRzyamAna nahIM hote, kiMta Agamabodhya hone se vyavahAraviSa hote haiM, aise padArthoM meM naizcayikaviSayatA bhI rahatI hai aura vyAvahArikaviSayatA bhI rahatI hai / jaise, 'AtmA meM rUpa nahIM hai', yaha Agama se hI nizcita hotA hai / AtmA kA cAkSuSa pratyakSa na hone ke kAraNa AtmavizeSyaka rUpAbhAvaprakAraka pratyakSa nahIM hotA hai, isalie AtmA meM jo arUpavattA hai vaha pratyakSa kA viSaya nahIM hai, to bhI Agamajanya nizcayaviSayatA aura vyAvahArika viSayatA donoM hI Atmagata arUpavattA meM hai| isalie "AtmA na rUpavAm" isa vAkya meM vyAvahArikatva upapanna hotA hai / parantu yaha bAta sArvatrika nahIM hai, kintu kahIM kahIM para hI mAnI jAtI hai / isalie "kRSNo bhramaraH" isataraha ke lokaprasiddha artha ke anuvAdaka vAkyasthala meM vyAvahArikatva AtA hai, kyoMki loka meM prasiddha yahI hai ki "bhramara kRSNa hotA hai" isa vAkya se 'kRSNarUpavAlA bhramara' aisA bodha hotA hai / isa bodha meM bhramara vizeSyarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai aura kRSNarUpa vizeSaNa yA prakArarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai, isalie bhramaraniSTha vizeSyatArUpaviSayatA nirUpataprakAratArUpa viSayatA kRSNarUpa meM rahatI hai, jo kRSNarUpatvAvacchinnA yA kRSNatvAvacchinnA hai, isalie "kRSNo bhramaraH" isavAkya meM vyAvahArikatva Ane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai kyoMki aisA niyama hai-yatkiJcinniSThavivayatAnirUpita vyAvahArikaviSayatAnirUpakabodha jisa vAkya se hotA hai, vaha vAkya vyAvahArika mAnA jAtA hai / "kRSNo bhramaraH" etat vAkyajanya bodha meM bhramaraniSThaviSayatAnirUpita kRSNavarNaniSThA jo prakAratArUpa viSayatA hai, vaha vyAvahArikaviSayatA hai / "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" isa vAkya se bhramara kRSNaraktAdi paJcarUpavAlA hai aisA bodha hotA hai, isa bodha meM bhramara vizeSyarUpa se aura

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134 upA. yazovijayaracite kuNDikA sravati, panthAH gacchatItyAdI bAhulyena gauNaprayogAd 'upacAraprAyaH' vizeSapradhAnatvAcca 'vistRtArtha' iti / ayamapi sakalanikSepAbhyupagamapara eva // paJcavarNa prakArarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai / isalie bhramaraniSThavizeSyatAnirUpita paJcavarNaniSThA prakAratArUpA jo viSayatA hai vaha paJcavarmatArUpa hai, usa paJcavarNatvAkhyaviSayatA meM vyAvahArikatva nahIM hai kyoMki bhramara meM paJcavarNatA kA vyavahAra koI nahIM karatA hai, ataH "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" isa vAkya meM vyAvahArikatva nahIM AtA hai, isalie "paJcavarNo bhramaraH" isa vAkya ko vyahAranayAnurodhI mAnanA saMgata nahIM hai| itane grantha se vyavahAranaya meM laukikasamatva kA samarthana granthakAra ne kiyA hai| [ vyavahAranaya meM upacArabahulatA kA nidarzana ] (kuNDikA) tattvArthabhASyokta vyavahAra ke lakSaNa meM jo "upacAraprAyaH" yaha vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai, usa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki vyavahAra kI dRSTi se adhikAMza prayogoM meM upacAra kA Azraya kiyA jAtA hai, isalie yaha naya upacAraprAya kahA jAtA hai / jaise-"kuNDikA sravati" yaha prayoga hai, isa kA artha yaha hai ki kuNDikA bahatI hai, kiMtu aisA dekhane meM AtA nahIM hai kyoMki kuNDikA dravIbhUta vastu nahIM hai, jala, dUdha, ghRta, taila Adi jo dravIbhUta vastu haiM inhIM kA apane Azraya se chidra dvArA bahinisaraNarUpa sravaNa yA bahanA dekhane meM AtA hai / kuNDikA kA sravaNa sambhavita nahIM hai to bhI "kuNDikA sravati" aisA jo vyavahAra hotA hai vaha upacAra se hI hotA hai| anyatra dRSTa artha kA anya meM Aropa karanA hI upacArapadArtha hai| yahA~ jala, dUdha Adi kA hI chidradvArA bahiniHsaraNarUpa sravaNapadArtha dRSTa hai, usa kA kuNDikA meM Aropa karake "kuNDikA sravati' yaha vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai, isalie vaha aupacArika hai / isItaraha mArga to calatA nahIM hai, kintu mArga meM sthita pathika loga calate haiM, mArga to sthira padArtha hai, gamanakriyA jaMgama vastu meM hotI hai, to bhI pathika meM dRSTa gamanakriyA kA mArga meM Aropa karake 'rAstA jAtA hai' yaha prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, isalie aisA prayoga bhI aupacArika hI hai| (vizeSapradhAnatvAcca) bhASyokta lakSaNa meM "vistRtArthaH" isa vizeSaNa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki jisa abhiprAya vizeSa kA viSayabhUta artha vistRta hai, vistIrNa yA vizAla hai, usa abhiprAyavizeSa ko vyavahAranaya kahA jAtA hai / vyavahAra kA viSayabhrata artha vismata kyoM hai, isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki vyavahAranaya sAmAnyApekSayA vizeSa ko hI pradhAna mAnatA hai| vaha vizeSa sAmAnya kI apekSA se adhika saMkhyAvAlA hai, isalie vizeSagrAhA vyavahAranaya kA artha vistRta hai / " saMgrahanaya" sAmAnyagrAhA mAnA gayA hai, usa kA viSaya sAmAnya hai, vaha alpasaMkhyaka hai, ataH vaha alpArthaviSayaka hai / saMgraha kI apekSA se vyavahAra isIlie vistRtArtha kahA jAtA hai / yahA~ taka bhASyokta lakSaNa meM sthita padoM ke artha kA vivaraNa granthakArane kiyA hai, isa vastu kA sUcaka mUla meM "iti" zabda hai|

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nayarahasye vyavahAranayaH 135 sthApanAM necchatyayamiti kecit , teSAmAzayaM na jAnImaH / na hIndrapratimAyA nendravyavahAro bhavAta, na vA bhavannapi bhrAnta eva, na vA nAmAdipratipakSavyavahArasAyamastItyardhajaratIyametat yaduta lokavyavahArAnarodhitvaM sthApanA'nabhyupagantRtvaM ceti // 3 // [vyavahAranaya meM sthApanAnikSepa ke samarthana me zaMkA-samAdhAna ] (ayamapItyAdi) naigama aura saMgrahanaya jaise nAmAdi nikSepa catuSTaya ko mAnate haiM, usItaraha yaha vyavahAranaya bhI nAmAdi sakala nikSepoM ko mAnatA hai| (sthApanAM) kitane AcArya aisA mAnate haiM ki vyavahAranaya sthApanAnikSepa ko nahIM mAnatA hai, parantu ve kisa Azaya se aisA kahate haiM yaha mAlUma nahIM pdd'taa| yadi indrapratimArUpa sthApanA meM indravyavahAra na hotA ho to una AcAryo kA kathana AdaraNIya bhI ho sake, parantu aisA nahIM hai / indrapratimA meM Indra kA vyavahAra AbAla-gopAla sabhI karate haiM, isalie vyavahAranaya kA sthApanAnikSepa svIkAra sarvAnubhavasiddha hai, usa kA apalApa nahIM ho sakatA, ataH una AcAryoM kA kathana saMgata nahIM hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'indrapratimA meM jo indravyavahAra hotA hai, vaha bhrAnta hai, ataH usa se sthApanA kA abhyupagama vyavahAranaya meM nahIM siddha ho sakatA'-parantu yaha kathana ucita nahIM mAlUma paDatA, kyoMki indrapratimA me honevAle indravyavahAra ko usI dazA me bhrAnta mAna sakate haiM yadi ukta vyavahAra kA bAdha kisI pramANa se hotA ho aisA to dikhatA nahIM hai. isalie indrapratimA meM indravyavahAra ko bhrAnta mAnanA nirmUla hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'sthApanAnikSepa kA pratipakSa arthAt virodhI jo nAmAdi nikSepa usa kA bhI vyavahAra indrapratimA meM hotA haiM, isalie sthApanAvyavahAra kA nAmAdivyavahAroM ke sAtha sAMkarya tA hai, ataH asaMkIrNasthApanAnikSepa kA abhyupagama vyavahAranaya meM nahIM ho sakatA hai| isa Azaya se katipaya AcAryoM kA kathana saMgata ho sakatA hai'-to aisA kahanA atyanta anubhavaviruddha hai, kyoMki indrapratimA meM, dravyanikSepa tathA bhAvanikSepa kA vyavahAra koI karatA ho aisA anubhava meM nahIM AtA / ataH nAmAdivyavahAra kA sAMkarya sthApanA vyavahAra meM hai hI nhiiN| taba to vyavahAranaya sthApanA ko nahIM mAnatA hai, aisA kahane meM koI yukti vicAra karane para bhI dekhane meM nahIM AtI hai, isalie una AcAryo kA mata asaMgata hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vyavahAranaya ko lokavyavahArAnurodhi mAnanA aura sthApanA kA abhyupagama tyavahAranaya me na mAnanA yaha ardhajaratIya hai / * * "ardhajaratI" eka nyAya hai, usa meM "jaratI" zabda vRddhAvasthAvAlI strI kA vAcaka hai| jo strI vRddhAvasthA ko prApta hotI hai usa strI ke sampUrNa zarIra meM vRddhAvasthA rahatI hai / aisI strI dekhane meM nahIM AtI jisake zarIra kA ardhabhAga vRddhAvasthA meM ho aura dUsarA ardhabhAga yuvAvasthA meM ho / isalie "ardhajaratI" koI strI ho aisA sambhava nahIM hai, ataH ardhajaratIya nyAya asambhava kA dyotaka hai / prakRta meM vyavahAranaya ko lokavyavahArAnurodhi sabhI koI mAnate haiM, isalie sthApanAnikSepa kA abhyupagama bhI vyavahAranaya meM mAnanA Avazyaka hai kyoMki indrAdi pratipA meM indra Adi kA vyavahAra loka meM prasiddha hai / sthApanAnikSepa ko mAne vinA lokanyavahArAnurodhitva kA vyavahAranaya meM asambhava hai jaise kisI strIzarIra meM ardhajaratItva kA sambhava nahIM hai|

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136 upA. yazovijayaracite pratyutpannagrAhyadhyavasAyavizeSa RjusUtraH // "paccuppaNNaggAhI ujjusuo NayavihI muNeyavvA" ||tti [anu. dvAra-152] pratyutpanna grAhitvaM ca bhAvatve'tItAnAgatasambandhAbhAvavyApyatvopagantRtvam , nAto'tiprasaGgaH / vartamAnakSaNasambandhavadatItAnAgatakSaNasambandho'pi kathaM na bhAvAnAmiti cet ? virodhAt / 'atItatvAnatItatvayoreva virodho na tvatItatvAnAgatatvayoriti cet ? na anAgatatvenAnatItvAkSepAt / 'atItAnAgatAkArajJAnadarzanAda virodha' iti cet ? na, pratyakSa tathAkArAnuparAgAt , prabuddhavAsanAdoSajanitatathAvikalpAcca vastvasiddheH / 'anubhavAvizeSe vikalpAvizeSa' iti cet ? na, upAdAnavyaktivizeSeNopAdeyavyaktivizeSAdityanyatra vistaraH / [pratyutpannagrAhI RjusUtranaya ] (pratyutpanna0) pratyutpannagrAhI pratyutpannavastu kA grahaNa, jisa adhyavasAyavizeSa se hotA hai, usa adhyavasAya vizeSa ko RjusUtranaya kahate haiM / isa vAkya meM "RjusUtra" pada se lakSya kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / 'pratyutpannagrAhI-adhyavasAyavizeSa' ina donoM padoM se lakSaNa kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / RjusUtra isa lakSyasUcaka pada ke artha kA vicAra karane para jo artha lakSyasUcaka pada se nikalatA hai, usI artha ko lakSaNa sUcaka donoM padoM me sphuTita kiyA gayA hai / "Rju-avakra vastu sUtrayati" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra avakravastu ko Rjusatra naya sUcita karatA hai / isa naya kI dRSTi se jo vastu vartamAna aura svakIya hai vahI vastu Rju arthAt avakra hai, aura jo vastu atIta, anAgata aura parakIya haiM ve sabhI vakra hai / ina meM atIta aura anAgata asat hone ke kAraNa vakra haiM, aura parakIya vastu niSprayojanatva ke AdhAra para vakra siddha hotI hai, jaise parakIya dhana se apanA matalaba kucha bhI siddha nahIM hotA hai vaise hI parakIya vastu se apanA kucha bhI prayojana siddha nahIM hotA hai ataH asat tulya hone se parakIya vastu bhI vakra hI hai / isa rIti se Rju to vahI hai jo vartamAna aura svakIya hai, usI kA grAhaka yaha naya hai / "pratyutpannagrAhI" isa lakSaNa ghaTaka pada meM 'utpanna" zabda vartamAnakAlIna vastu kA bodhaka hai aura "prati" zabda svakIyatva kA bodha karatA hai / "prati' zabda sannikarSavAcI hai, santika aura sambandha ye donoM pada paryAyavAcaka haiN| vartamAna vastu kA sambandha AkAMkSAvazAt svakIya AtmA ke sAtha yahA~ vivakSita hai isaliye 'svAtmasambandhi vartamAnavastu' yaha phalitArtha huA / vahI vastu Rju yA avakra hai, usa kA grAhaka adhyavasAyavizeSa hI "RjusUtra" kA lakSaNa hai / granthakAra svakRta lakSaNa ko samarthita karane ke lie pramANarUpa se "vizeSAvazyaka bhASya gAthA sUtra (2189) udhRta karate haiM / "paccuppaNNaggAhI ujjusuo NayavihI muNeyavvo' // tti // "pratyutpannagrAhI" zabda granthakAra ke lakSaNa meM aura vizeSAvazyaka sUtra meM samAnarUpa se AtA hai aura samAna arthavAcaka hai kyoMki "pratyutpanna" zabda kA artha sUtra meM bhI vartamAna aura svakIya vasturUpa hI vivakSita hai / isa hetu se sUtrakAra ke lakSaNa se isa ko pUrA samarthana prApta hai|

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nayarahasye RjusUtranayaH 137 yadi yaha zaMkA kI jAya ki-"naigamAdinaya' yadyapi atIta, anAgata aura vartamAna rUpa kAlatrayavartI vastu ko mAnate haiM, isalie vartamAnakAlona pratyutpannavastu ke grAhaka ve bhI hai, to una nayoM meM bhI RjasUtra kA lakSaNa calA jAyegA isalie ativyAptidoSa upasthita hotA hai|" isa zaMkA ke samAdhAna ke lie parikRta artha upAdhyAyajI batAte haiM ki "bhAvatva meM atItAnAgatakAla sambandhAbhAva vyApyatva kA jo svIkAra, vahI pratyutpannagrAhitva" yahA~ vivakSita hai / RjusUtra kI dRSTi se jahA~ jahAM bhAvatva hai vahA~ vahA~ atIta-anAgatakAla kA abhAva bhI rahatA hai, isalie atItAnAgatakAlasambandhAbhAva bhAvatva kI apekSA se vyApaka banegA aura bhAvatva atItAnAgatakAlasambandhAbhAva kI apekSA se vyApya banegA / RjusUtrAbhimata bhAva vastu meM vartamAnakAla kA hI sambandha rahatA hai, atIta aura aura anAgatakAla kA sambandha nahIM rahatA hai, isa hetu se yaha vyApyavyApakabhAva banane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai / naigamAdi nayoM se svIkRta bhAvavastu meM jaise vartamAnakAla kA sambandha rahatA hai, vaise hI atIta aura anAgata kAla kA bhI sambandha rahatA hai, kyoMki nagamAdinaya jase vartamAnakAlIna bhAva ko mAnate haiM vaise hI atItakAlIna aura anAgatakAlIna bhAva ko bhI mAnate haiM, isalie naigamAdi abhyugata bhAvavastu meM atIta aura anAgatakAla ke sambandha kA abhAva nahIM rahatA, ataH bhAvatva meM atItAnAgatakAlasambandhAbhAvavyApyatva ko ve naya nahIM mAnate haiM / ataH pariSkRta pratyutpannagrAhitva naigamAdinayoM meM nahIM rhtaa| isalie ativyApti doSa nahIM hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'atItAnAgata-kAlavartIbhAva meM bhI bhAvatva rahatA hai, ataH vartamAna kSaNasambandha kI taraha usameM atIta aura anAgatakSaNa kA sambandha bhI rhegaa| ataH bhAvatva meM atItAnAgatakAlasambandhAbhAvavyApyatva mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai'-parantu yaha kathana bhI saGgata nahIM hai, kyoMki atItatva aura anAgatatva kA paraspara virodha hai / jisa bhAva meM atItatva rahatA hai usa bhAva meM anAgatatva nahIM rahatA hai, isalie bhAvatva meM atItAnAgata kAlasambandhAbhAvavyApyatva mAnane meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki"atItatva aura anatItatva kA hI paraspara virodha hai, kyoMki atItatvavattAbaddhi ke prati atItatvAbhAvavattAbuddhi virodhI mAnI gayI hai, isalie bhAvAbhAva kA hI paraspara virodha hotA hai, anAgatatva atItatvAbhAvarUpa nahIM hai kintu AgatatvAbhAvarUpa hai athavA bhaviSyattvarUpa haiM, isalie atItatva kA virodhI nahIM bana sakatA / tathA atItatva bhI anAgatatvAbhAvarUpa nahIM hai, isalie anAgatatva kA virodhI nahIM bana sakatA, ataH atItatva aura anAgatatva meM paraspara virodha hI nahIM dIkhatA hai / taba virodhaprayukta atItAnAgatakAla saMbaMdhAbhAva bhI jo Apa mAnate haiM vaha bhI kaise rahegA?! isalie ukta vyApyavyApakabhAva yaktisiddha nahIM hai"-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki atItatva aura anatItatva kA paraspara virodha Apa bhI mAnate haiM aura anatItatva kA vyApya anAgatatva hai. jahA~ jahA~ anAgatatva hai vahA~ vahA~ atItatvAbhAva hai-isataraha kI vyApti hai| tathA, tabatAbaddhi ke prati jaise tadabhAvavattA buddhi virodhI mAnI gayI hai usItaraha tadvattA baddhi ke prati tadabhAva yApyavattAbuddhi bhI virodhI mAnI gayI hai, isalie hada meM agni-abhAvavyApya jalavattA kA jJAna rahane para hada agnimAna hai aisI buddhi nahIM hotii| prakRta meM

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138 upA. yazovijayaracite jisa bhAva meM anAgatatva kA jJAna rahatA hai usa bhAva meM atItatvabuddhi nahIM hotI hai, usa kA kAraNa yahI hai ki anAgatatva atItatvAbhAvavyApya hai / jahA~ vyApya rahatA hai vahA~ vyApaka rahatA hI hai / anAgatatvarUpa vyApya jisa bhAva meM rahegA, usa bhAva meM atItasvAbhAva avazya rahegA kyoMki vaha anAgatatva kA vyApaka hai / vyApya se vyApaka kA AkSepa hotA hai, yaha sarvasammata hai isalie anAgatatvarUpa vyApya se anatItatvarUpa vyApaka kA avazya AkSepa hogA / taba to atItatva aura anatItatva ye donoM paraspara viruddha hone se eka bhAva meM kaise raha sakeMge, ataH bhAvatva meM atItAnAgatakAla sambandhAbhAvavyApyatva jo RjusUtra kA abhimata hai, vaha saMgata nahIM hai / [ atIta aura anAgata AkAra jJAna se vaiparItya kI zaMkA ] yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - 'atIta aura anAgata etadubhayaviSayaka jJAna dekhane meM AtA hai / jaise koI jyotibiMdU devadattAdi kisI vyakti kI hastarekhA athavA usa kI janmakuNDalI meM grahoM kI sthiti dekhakara yaha batAtA hai ki isa kA eka putra naSTa ho gayA hai aura dvitIyaputra amuka samaya meM hone vAlA hai / usa ke vAkya se zrotA devadatta ko atIta aura anAgata putra viSayaka jJAna hotA hai jo dRSTa hai / evaM vahI jyotirvida jaba yaha batAtA hai ki isa vyakti kI eka ghAta pUrva meM ho gayI hai aura amuka varSa meM dUsarI ghAta Ane vAlI hai, vahA~ bhI zrotA ko atItAnAgataghAtaviSayaka jJAna hotA hai| jJAna aura viSaya kA kathaJcit abheda mAnA gayA hai| AkAra aura viSaya ye donoM ekArthaka zabda haiM / atItAnAgata viSayaka jJAna ko hI atItAnAgatAkArajJAna kahate haiM / atIta aura anAgata viSayoM meM atItatva aura anAgatatva paraspara viruddha dharma rahate haiM, isIlie atIta anAgata bhI paraspara virodhI mAne jAte haiN| atItatva aura anAgatatva dharma viziSTa viSayoM ke sAtha jJAna kA abheda hone se jJAna meM atItatva aura anAgatatva donoM dharmo kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya hotA hai / sAmAnAdhikaraNya zabda se ekAdhikaraNavRttitvarUpa artha viSakSita hai / jJAnarUpa eka adhikaraNa meM atItatva aura anAgatatva ina donoM dharmo kA saMbaMdha usa rIti se siddha ho jAtA hai / taba atItatva anAgatatva kA virodha nahIM dIkhatA hai, kyoMki paraspara asamAnAdhikaraNa dharmo meM hI virodha mAnA gayA hai / jaise gotva azva sva paraspara asamAnAdhikaraNa hone se una kA virodha sarvamAnya hai / taba to atItAnAgata kSaNoM kA sambandha bhAvoM meM bhI rahegA, isalie bhAvatva meM anItAnAgata kSaNa sambandhAbhAvavyApyatva kA abhyupagama jo RjusUtra karatA hai, vaha saGgata pratIta nahIM hotA" [ pratyakSajJAna atItAdiAkAra nahIM hotA - samAdhAna ] parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki vAkyAdijanya jJAna meM atIta aura anAgata AkAroM kA sambandha bhale hotA ho, parantu koI pratyakSajJAna aisA dekhane meM nahIM AtA jisa meM atItAkAra kA sambandha ho athavA anAgatAkAra kA sambandha ho / taba ina donoM AkAroM kA sambandha pratyakSa meM kaise sambhava ho sakatA hai ? pratyakSa to indrisambaddha vartamAna viSayaka hI hotA hai, atIta anAgata viSayoM ke sAtha indriyasambandha sambhava hI nahIM hai, isalie pratyakSa meM atIta anAgata viSayoM kA uparAga yA sambandha

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nayarahasye RjusUtranayaH nahIM ho sakatA hai / ata: pratyakSajJAna meM atItatva anAgatatva ina donoM dharmo kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai| taba bhAvatva meM atItAnAgatakSaNasambandhAbhAvavyApyatva kA svIkAra jo RjusUtra karatA hai vaha saMgata hI hai| yadi yaha kahe ki-'pratyakSa meM bhale hI atIta aura anAgata AkAra kA sambandha nahIM hove, tathApi pratyakSAtirikta vAkya aura anumAna se janya jJAna meM to atItAnAgatAkAra kA sambandha hotA hai, vAkyajanyajJAna evaM anumAnajanyajJAna se bhI vastu kI siddhi hotI hI hai, ataH tAdRzajJAna meM atItatva kA sambandha hone se ye donoM dharma parasparaviruddha nahIM siddha hote haiM, isalie bhAvoM meM atItAnAgatakAlasambandha siddha ho jAyagA, taba ukta vyApti kA abhyupagama kaise saMgata banegA?'-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki atIta aura anAgata ina donoM AkAroM kA sambandha jisa jJAna meM pUrva meM batAyA gayA hai, vaisA jJAna kevala vAkya yA vyAptijJAnarUpa kAraNa se hI nahIM hotA kintu usa meM doSa bhI sahakArI rahatA hai / atIta aura anAgata vastu viSayaka vAsanA jaba kisI kAraNavaza prabuddha ho jAtI hai taba vAkya yA vyAptijJAna se bhI atItAnAgata viSayaka jJAna utpanna ho jAtA hai, isalie prabuddhavAsanAdoSajanya hone se vaha jJAna bhrAntirUpa hotA hai / bhrAMtirUpa jJAna se vastu kI siddhi kisI bhI vAdI ko mAnya nahIM hai, isalie usa taraha ke jJAna se atItAnAgata kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya siddha nahIM hogA, taba bhAva meM atItAnAgatakAlasambandhAbhAva kI vyApti kI siddhi hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM dIkhatA hai| ___ yadi yaha kahe ki-'pratyakSa jaise anubhavarUpa hai vaise hI vikalpa bhI anubhavarUpa hai, isalie anubhavatva donoM meM samAnarUpa se hotA hai, ataH pratyakSa aura vikalpa ina donoM meM kucha vizeSa nahIM hai / taba pratyakSa se vastu kI siddhi hove aura vikalpa se vastusiddhi na hove, aisA vizeSa vikalpa meM nahIM ho sakatA hai / taba to ukta vikalpa se hI bhAva meM atIta anAgata kSaNa sambandha siddha hogA, phira bhAvatva meM tAdRzasambandhAbhAva vyApti kI siddhi kaise hogI?-parantu yaha kahanA bhI saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki jaina siddhAnta meM yadyapi savikalpa jJAna bhI pramANa mAnA gayA hai, bauddha siddhAnta meM jaise pratyakSa hI pramANarUpa se mAnya hai aura vikalpa rUpa jJAna pramANarUpa se mAnya nahIM haiM, vaisI mAnyatA jainamata meM nahIM hai, to bhI savikalpakajJAna meM sarvatra pramANatva kA svIkAra nahIM hai, jo vikalparUpa jJAna doSasahakRta kAraNa se utpanna hotA hai vaha apramANa mAnA gayA hai aura jo vikalpAtmakajJAna doSa se asahakRta svakAraNavazAt utpanna hotA hai, vaha prA gayA hai| isalie vikalpa ke prati kAraNIbhUta vyakti meM doSa sahakRtatva aura doSa-asahakRtatvarUpa vizeSa hone ke kAraNa, kAryabhUta vikalpAtmaka jJAna vyakti meM bhI apramANatva aura pramANatvarUpa vizeSa avazya rhegaa| ataH RjusUtra ke mata se prastuta atItAnAgata viSayakajJAnarUpa vikalpa prabuddhavAsanArUpa doSa sahakRta vAkyAdi kAraNavyakti se utpanna hotA hai. isalie pramANarUpa nahIM hai kintu bhrAntirUpa hai ataH bhAva meM atItAnAgatakSaNasambandha kA sAdhaka nahIM bana sakatA / taba bhAvatva meM atItAnAgatasambandhAbhAva vyApyatva kA abhyupagama jo RjusUtra karatA hai vaha anucita nahIM hai| isa viSaya kA vistRtarUpa se vicAra anya granthoM meM kiyA gayA hai /

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140 upA. yazovijayaracite "satAM sAmpratAnAmabhidhAnaparijJAnamRjusUtra' iti (sUtra-35) tattvArthabhApyam / vyavahArAtizAyitva lakSaNamabhipretya tadatizayapratipAdanArthametaduktam // "vyavahAro hi sAmAnya vyavahArAnaGgatvAnna sahate, kathaM tayarthamapi parakIyamatItamanAgataM cApyabhidhAnamapi tathAvidhArthavAcakam , jJAnamapi ca tathAvidhArthaviSayamavicArya saheta" ? ! ityasyAbhimAnaH // [ tattvArthabhApya ke anusAra RjusUtra naya ] (satAM sAmprata) granthakAra "RjusUtra" ke svakathita lakSaNa ke samarthana meM "tattvArthabhASya" kA aMza yahA~ udadhRta karate haiN| bhASya meM sat zabda "khapuSpAdi" asatpadArthoM kI vyAvRtti ke lie nirdiSTa hai, satpadArtha bhI sAmprata arthAt vartamAna hI "RjusUtra" ko sammata hai / tathA arthoM kA abhidhAna arthAt vAcaka zabda bhI vartamAna hI RjusUtra ko mAnya hai| atIta aura anAgata zabda ko vaha arthavAcaka nahIM mAnatA hai kyoMki atIta aura anAgata zabdoM se kisI artha kA abhidhAna nahIM hotA / tathA, sat aura vartamAna artho kA parijJAna arthAt avabodha bhI vartamAna hI mAnya karanA cAhatA hai / atIta aura AgAmi parijJAna ko yaha nahIM cAhatA / kyoMki sat-vartamAna artha viSayaka jJAna kA atIta aura anAgata svabhAva nahIM ho sakatA / isalie 'artha aura tavAcaka zabda tathA tadviSayakajJAna ina tInoM ko svakIya aura vartamAna hI jo mAnatA ho aisA adhyavasAyavizeSa' hI RjusUtra kA lakSaNa uktabhASya se phalita hotA hai / granthakAra ke lakSaNa meM "pratyutpannagrAhI" pada se bhI yahI artha nikalatA hai / granthakAra kA yaha kahanA hai ki vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se "RjusUtra" meM kucha atizaya hai arthAt vizeSa hai| isalie vyavahArAtizAyitva hI "RjusUtra" kA lakSaNa hai / isa atizaya kA pratipAdana karane ke lie isa bhASya kI pravRtti huI hai / "vyavahAranaya" atIta anAgata aura parakIya artha ko bhI mAnatA hai tathA atIta anAgata aura parakIya arthavAcaka zabda ko bhI mAnatA hai / tathA, arthaviSayakajJAna bhI atIta anAgata aura parakIya hone kA mAnatA hai / "RjusUtra" aise kisI bhI artha, zabda yA jJAna ko svIkAra nahIM karatA jo atAta anAgata yA parakIya ho, kintu vartamAna aura svakIya ho aise hI zabda, artha tathA jJAna ko mAnatA hai, yahI vyavahAra kI apekSA se RjusUtra meM atizaya yA vizeSa hai| [ RjusUtra kA vyavahAranayavAdI ke prati praznArtha ] (vyavahAro) RjusUtra meM vyavahArAtizAyitva ke pratipAdana meM RjusUtra kA Azaya yaha hai ki "vyavahAra" sAmAnya ko nahIM mAnatA hai / isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki jalAharaNAdi vyavahAra ghaTatvAdi sAmAnya se nahIM hotA kintu ghaTAdirUpa vyaktivizeSa se hI hotA hai, isalie vyavahAra kA sAdhana vyaktivizeSa hI hai, sAmAnya nahIM hai| jisa se vyavahAra na ho sakatA ho aisI vastu ko mAnane meM koI prayojana nahIM hai / isa abhiprAya se yadi vyavahAranaya sAmAnya ko nahIM mAnatA hai to, parakIya, atIta aura anAgata artha ko bhI vaha kaise mAnegA kyoMki parakIya artha bhI svakIya vyavahAra kA sAdhana nahIM

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naya rahasye RjusUtranayaH na cAyaM vRthAbhimAnaH, svadezakAlayoreva sattAvizrAmAt , yathA kathaJcit sambandhasya sattAvyavahArAMgatve'tiprasaGgAt / na ca dezakAlayoH sattvaM vihAyAnyadatirikta sattvamasti yadyogitA prakRte syAt , asattAbodho'pi cAsti tatra sattAkSepI, sattAnanuvedhAt , anyathA kharazRGgAdInAmasattA na siddhatheta / 'uddezyAsiddhayA kva vidheyA'satte'ti cet ? kathaM tarhi kharazRGgamasaditi vyavahAraH ! 'kharavRttyabhAvapratiyogizRGgamiti tadartha' iti cet ? na, etasyArthasyA'svArasikatvAt / 'tavApyayogyatAnahIM hai aura atIta, anAgata-parakIya artha se to vyavahAra hotA hI nahIM hai / isItaraha atIta, anAgata aura parakIya artha vAcaka zabda bhI atIta, anAgata aura parakIya hI hoMge, jo vyavahAra ke aMga nahIM bana sakate haiM / evam atIta, anAgata aura parakIya artha viSayaka jJAna ko bhI vyavahAranaya kase mAnegA, kyoMki tAdRzajJAna ke viSayabhUta artha atIta, anAgata aura parakIya hI hoMge, jo vyavahAra ke sAdhana nahIM ho sakate haiM, taba usa kA jJAna bhI vyavahArasAdhaka kaise hogA ? tathApi yadi atIta, anAgata artha, tAzArtha vAcaka zabda aura tAzArtha viSayakajJAna ko "vyavahAra" mAnegA to vaha "vyavahAranaya" kI mAnyatA vicArapUrvaka nahIM hogI, kiMtu bhrAnta mAnI jAyagI, kyoMki sUkSmavicAra karane para atIta, anAgata-parakIya artha aura tathAvidha arthavAcaka zabda tathA tAzArtha viSayakajJAna yukti se ghaTamAna nahIM hotA hai, isalie ve mAne jA sakate nahIM haiM, yahI RjusUtra meM vyavahAra kI apekSA se atizaya hai, aisA RjusUtra kA abhimAna yAnI gUDha Azaya hai| [ RjusUtra kA abhimAna mithyA nahIM hai ] (na cAya) yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM ki-'RjusUtra kA yaha abhimAna vRthA hai kyoMki RjusUtra ke ukta abhimAna se vyavahAranaya apane mantavyoM kA tyAga nahIM karegA, taba isa abhimAna kA koI phala nahIM rahatA hai|'-yh kahanA isaliye ThIka nahIM hai, ki svadeza aura svakAla meM hI vastu meM sattA siddha hotI hai / atItAnAgatakAlIna vastu se koI vyavahAra nahIM hotA / svadeza aura svakAla meM sthita vastu se hI vyavahAra dekhane meM AtA hai, jisa se vastu kI sattA svadezakAla meM hI siddha hotI hai| ataH artha, abhidhAna aura jJAna kI sattA anyakAla meM siddha na hone ke kAraNa RjusUtra kA abhimAna niSphala nahIM hai, kyoMki apanI mAnyatA kA samarthana rUpa phala siddha hotA hai, vyavahAranaya bhale hI RjusUtra ke anusAra apanI mAnyatA na rakhe, mAne yA na mAne, usa se koI nisbata nahIM hai / yadi yaha pUchA jAya ki-'anyadeza aura anyakAla vRtti vastu kA bhI jJAna hotA haiM, isaliye vaijJAnika sambandha se hI atItAnAgata vastu meM sattA kA vyavahAra kyoM nahIM hogA ?'- to yaha pUchanA bhI yukta nahIM, kyoMki vaijJAnika sambandha ko yadi sattAvyavahAra kA kAraNa mAnA jAyagA, to kharagoza, azva Adi zrRGgarahita prANIoM meM bhI zrRGga kA vaijJAnika sambandha mAnakara "yaha kharagoza zrRMga hai, yaha azva zrRGga hai" isa taraha ke sattAvyavahAra kA atiprasaGga ho jAyagA / 'atIta, anAgatAdi vastuoM meM kisI anyaprakAra kI

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142 upA. yazovijayaracite nizraye kathaM svArasiko yathAzrutArtha bodha' iti cet ? rUpAdisthala ivAhAryayogyatAni - zvayatvAt, vikalpAtmakajJAne tasyA'pratibandhakatvAdvA tathA cokta zrIharSeNApi " atyantA'satyapi hyarthe, jJAnaM zabdaH karoti hi / S abAdhAtu pramAmatra svataH prAmANya nizcalAm // 1 // [ khaMDana khaMDakhAdya - 1 ] sattA, jo anyavAdiyoM se parikalpita sattAjAtimattvAdirUpa hai, usa ke yoga se sattA vyavahAra kyoM nahIM hogA ?' aisA bhI pUchanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki svadezakAla meM jo arthakriyAkAritvarUpa satva hai, usa se bhinna prakAra kI sattA RjusUtra kI dRSTi se hai hI nahIM / taba anya vAdI kalpita satva kI apekSA se atItAnAgatAdi vastuoM meM sattA kA vyavahAra RtusUtra ko kaise mAnya hogA ? dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki atIta, anAgata aura parakIya vastuoM meM "atIta asat hai, anAgata asat hai, parakIya vastu asat hai" isataraha kA asattAprakAraka atItAdivizeSyaka bodha bhI hotA hai, jo atIta, anAgata, parakIya vastu meM sattA kA pratikSepa karatA hai kyoMki ukta bodha meM sattA kA anupraveza nahIM bhAsatA hai / isaliye bhI atIta, anAgata aura parakIya vastu ko sattA siddha nahIM ho sakatI / yadi sattA kA pratikSepaka asattAprakAraka atItAdi vizeSyaka bodha rahane para bhI atIta, anAgata aura parakIya ko sattA mAnI jAegI, to gardabhazrRGgAdi kI bhI asattA siddha nahIM hogI / "gaIbhazrRGga asat hai" aisA bodha hone para bhI atIta Adi ke jaise gardabha zrRGgAdi kI sattA na mAnane kA dUsarA koI kAraNa nahIM raha jAyagA, isa se atItAdi ko asat mAnanA hI yukta hai / (uddezya) yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "gardabhazRGga Adi meM asattA kA vidhAna RjusUtra ko bhI abhISTa hai, parantu yaha sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki kisI prasiddha vastu meM hI kisI dharma kA vidhAna loka meM dRSTa hai / jaise- "parvata agnivAlA hai" isa jJAna meM parvata uddezya hai, jo pratyakSamANa se prasiddha hai, isalie usa meM agni kA vidhAna yukta hai / "gardabhazRGgAdi" to kisI pramANa se prasiddha nahIM hai, ataH usa meM asattA kA vidhAna kaise ho sakegA ? taba gardabhazRGgAdi meM asattA kI siddhi kaise saMbhavita hai ? - parantu yaha prazna bhI ThIka nahIM, kyoMki gardabhaGga Adi ko uddezya kara ke yadi asat kA vidhAna sambhavita nahIM hogA to "gardabhazRGga asat hai" isataraha kA vyavahAra jo loka meM hotA hai, usa kI upapatti kaise hogI - yaha prazna khaDA ho jAtA hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki "gardabhasIga asat hai" isa vAkyaprayoga se sIMga gardabhavRtti abhAva kA pratiyogI hai, aisA artha hama samajhege, kyoMki gardabha meM sIMga to hotA nahIM hai, isalie sIMga ke abhAva kA honA yukta hA hai aura sIMga ke abhAva kA pratiyogI to sIMga hotA hI hai / isa artha ke anusAra " gardabhasAMga asat hai" isataraha kA vyavahAra hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai' - kintu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoki gardabhavRtti abhAva kA pratiyogi sIMga hai, isataraha kA arthabodha 'gardabhasIMga asat hai' isa vAkya ke svArasya se athavA abhiprAya se siddha nahIM hotA hai kintu " gardabhasIMga vizeSyaka asattvaprakAraka bodha" kA hI anubhava hotA hai /

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nayarahasye RjusUtranayaH 143 yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"garda bhasIMga prasiddha vastu to hai nahIM, prasiddha vastuoM meM hI kiJcitprakAraka, kiJcidvizeSyaka bodha dekhA jAtA hai / jaise-"bhRtala ghaTavAlA hai" aisA vAkyaprayoga hotA hai usa meM vizeSyarUpa se abhimata bhUtala hai aura vizeSaNarUpa se abhi. mata ghaTa hai aura bhUtala meM ghaTa kA bAdha nahIM hai, isalie bhUtala meM bAdhAbhAvarUpa yogyatA bhI hai| yogyatAjJAna ko zAbdabodha meM kAraNa mAnA gayA hai, ayogyatAnizcaya ko pratibandhaka mAnA gayA hai / gardabhasIMga meM jaba koI dharma nahIM rahatA hai, taba asatvadharma bhI nahIM rahegA / asattvadharma kA vahA~ vAdha hone se ayogyatAnizcayarUpa pratibandhaka kI sattA meM "gardabhasIMga asat hai" isa vAkya se Apa ko bhI "gardabhasIMga vizeSyaka asattva prakAraka svArasika bodha" jo isa vAkya meM paThita padoM ke anusAra mAnate haiM vaha kaise hogA ?"-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM haiM / "mukha candraH" aisA vAkyaprayoga hotA hai, isa vAkya meM mukharUpa upameya meM candrarUpa upamAna ke abheda kA Aropa hotA hai, ataH 'mukha candra se abhinna hai' aisA bodha hotA hai / upameya meM upamAna kA abhedajJAna jahA~ hotA hai vahA~ rUpakAlaMkAra mAnA jAtA hai, yaha sAhityakAroM kA siddhAnta hai| isIlie isa vAkya ko ve loga rUpakAlaGkAra kA udAharaNa mAnate haiM / mukha meM candra kA abheda bAdhita hai, to bhI 'candra se abhinna mukha hai' aisA bodha hotA hai, usa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki mukha meM candra kA abheda vAkyaprayogakartA ko abhISTa hai, isalie bAdha hote hue bhI candra ke abheda kA bodha mukha meM zrotA ko bhI hotA hai, yaha jJAna yogyatA ke AhArya nizcaya se hotA hai / AhAryanizcaya use kahate haiM jo bAdha hote hue bho icchAdhIna nizcaya ho / prakRta meM bhI gardabhasIMga meM asattvarUpa dharma kA bAdha hone para bhI gardabhasIMga meM icchAdhIna asattva kA nizcaya mAnakara tatsvarUpa AhArya yogyatAnizcaya ke bala se "gardabhasIMga asat hai" isa vAkya se gardabhasIga vizeSyaka asattvaprakAraka svArasika bodha hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM dIkhatI / athavA "gadhe kA sIMga asat hai" isa vAkya se jo jJAna utpanna hotA hai vaha vikalparUpa jJAna hai / vikalpa kA lakSaNa "zabdajJAnAnupAtI vastuzUnyo vikalpaH" isa pAtaJjalasUtra (1-9) ke anusAra yaha hotA hai ki zabda sunane ke bAda vastazAnya jo jJAna ho vaha vikalpa kahA jAtA hai| vikalpAtmaka jJAna ke prati ayogyatAnizcaya yA bAdhanizcaya pratibandhaka nahIM mAnA jaataa| "gadhe kA sIMga asatU hai" isa vAkya se honevAlA zAbdabodha bhI vastuzUnya hotA hai, isalie vikalparUpa hai, ataH isa ke prati ayogyatAnizcayapratibandhaka nahIM hogA to isa vAkya se svarasika gardabhasIMga vizevyaka asattvaprakAraka yathAzratArthabodha hone meM koI harja nahIM hai| "zrIharSa" ne sva racita khaNDanakhaNDakhAdya grantha meM bhI aisA likhA hai-artha ke atyanta asat hone para bhI tadarthaviSayakajJAna zabda avazya karatA hai, zabda se utpadyamAna usa jJAna ke viSaya kA bAdha yadi ho to apramANarUpa se usa kA vyavahAra karanA cAhie / zabda se utpadyamAna jJAna meM viSaya kA bAdha yadi na ho to, pramANarUpa se usa kA vyavahAra karanA caahie|" "aMgulI ke agrabhAga meM sau hAthI vihAra karate haiM" tathA "mere kAna meM praveza karake siMha hallA karatA hai"-ina vAkyoM ke zravaNa se zrotA ko kucha jJAna avazya hotA hai yaha anubhava siddha hai, isalie zAbda jJAna meM yogyatAjJAna ko kAraNa, athavA ayogyatA

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144 upA. yazovijayaracite ___ athA'sato'bhAvAzrayatvamabhAvapratiyogitvaM ca bhAvadharmarUpaM na sambhavatIti na tanniSedho yuktaH / 'zazazRGgamasti na ve'ti pRcchato dharmivacanavyAghAtenaiva nigrahAttatrAnyatarAbhidhAnenobhayaniSedhena tUSNImbhAvena vA parAjayA'bhAvAditi cet ? na, yathA pareSAM viziSTasyAtiriktasyA'sattve'pi tatrAbhAvAzrayatvasyAbhAvapratiyogitvasya vA vyavahArastathAsmAkamapi saduparAgeNAsatyapi viziSTe vaijJAnikasambandhavizeSarUpatadvyavahAropapatteH / 'zazazRGamasti na veti jijJAsuprazne 'zazazraGga nAstI'tyevAbhidhAtuyuktatvAt , AnupUrvIbhedAduddezyasiddheH / itthameva 'pItaH zalo nAstI'tyAderapi prAmANyopapatteH / kAlpanikasyApyarthasya parapratibodhArthatayA kalpitAharaNAdivadvayavahArataH prAmANyAt , itthameva nayAtharucivizeSApAdanAya tatra tatra nayasthale darzanAntarIyapakSagrahasya tAntrikairiSTatvAditi dik / nizcaya ko pratibandhaka, nahIM mAnA gayA hai, kintu ina vAkyoM se utpadyamAna jJAna meM viSaya kA bAdha hone se ye jJAna apramANa mAne jAe~ge, yaha bAta alaga hai / zrIharSa ke kathana se "gadhe kA sIMga asat hai" isa vAkya se svArasika yathAzratArtha bodha jo RjusUtra naya ko abhimata hai, usa ko samarthana milatA hai kyoMki yaha vAkya, artha ke atyanta asat hone para bhI yathAzratArtha bodha avazya karegA, kintu nirdharmaka atyanta asata "gadhe ke sIMga' meM asattvarUpa dharma ke sambandha kA bAdha hone ke kAraNa apramANarUpa hogA. yaha bAta alaga hai| [asat meM bhAvadharma sambhava na hone se niSedha anupapatti-zaMkA ] (athA'sato) yaha zaGkA uTha sakatI hai ki-'gadhe kA sIMga asat hai' isa vAkya se gardabha sIMga vizeSyaka asatvaprakAraka bodha yadi Apa ko iSTa hai, to gardabhasIMga kA niSedha hI Apa karanA cAhate haiM, aba dekhiye ki kharazrRGga kA niSedha do prakAra se Apa ke mata meM sambhava hogaa| (1) usa meM eka prakAra kA yaha hai ki ukta bodha meM asattva zabda kA sattvAbhAva artha mAnakara gardabhasIMga meM sattvAbhAvAzrayatva kI pratIti karanI hogI / Azrayatva kisI bhAvapadArtha kA hI dharmarUpa hotA hai / gardabhasIMga to atyanta asat hai, usa meM sattvAbhAvAzrayatva sambhavita nahIM hai kyoMki asat kisI kA Azraya nahIM banatA hai, taba Azrayatva bhI usa meM kaise sambhava hogA ? isalie gardabhasIMga meM satvAbhAvAzrayatvarUpa gardabha sIMga kA niSedha yuktisaMgata nahIM lagatA hai / (2) yadi abhAvapratiyogitvarUpa niSedha gardabhasIMga meM mAnA jAya, jI niSedha karane kA dUsarA prakAra hai, to vaha bhI saMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki abhAvapratiyogitva bhI vastu kA hI dharma hai| AcArya "udayana" ne bhI "abhAvavirahAtmatvaM vastunaH pratiyogitA" isa vAkya se pratiyogitA kA lakSaNa batAte hue, pratiyogitA ko vastu kA dharma batAyA hai / gardabhasIMga to tuccha hone se avastu hai, usa kA dharma pratiyogitva yA abhAvapratiyogitva nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie 'gardabhasIMga nahIM hai' / isa vAkya se jo yathAzrutArtha bodha Rjutra ko abhimata hai vaha ThIka nahIM hai /

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nayarahasye RjusUtranayaH 145 yadi isa para yaha kahA jAya ki-"asat gardabhasIMga Adi kA jaise niSedha sambhava nahIM hai, vase usa kA vidhAna bhI sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki vidhAna bhI kisI bhAva dharma kA hI hotA hai / isa sthiti meM "zazazRGgamasti na vA" aisA yadi koI prazna kareM to uttaradAtA yadi kahe ki 'zazazaGga hai' to vaha ayukta bhASaNa ke kAraNa nigRhIta ho jaaygaa| yadi uttara meM yaha kahe ki 'zazazRGga nahIM hai, to bhI vaha ayuktabhASI hI mAnA jAyagA kyoMki 'zazazaGga kA niSedha kisI bhI prakAra se nahIM ho sakatA' aisA Apane hI siddha kiyA hai, ataH "nAsti' isa uttara meM bhI uttaradAtA parAjita ho jAyagA / yadi uttaradAtA kucha bhI na bolegA, to bhI uttarApratipattirUpa apratibhA nAma ke nigrahasthAna meM vaha nigRhIta hone ke kAraNa avazya parAjaya ko prApta karegA / isa rIti se uttara dene meM bhI uttaradAtA ko badhana prApta hotA hai aura na dene meM bhI bandhana prApta hotA hai, ataH "ubhayataHpAzA rajjuH" isa nyAya se uttaradAtA ko kiMkartavyavimUDha honA paDegA |-"prNtu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki praznakartA ko apane vacana meM hI virodha AtA hai, vaha isa prakAra-"zazazRga asti na vA ?" isa prazna vAkya meM astitva aura niSedha dharma rUpa se pratIta hotA hai, "zazaza" dharmIrUpa se pratIta hotA hai, vaha atyaMta asata hone ke kAraNa tuccha hai, usa meM astitva, nAstitva kA prazna hI nahIM ho sakatA, isalie dharmIvacanavyAghAta yahA~ upasthita hotA hai, usI se praznakartA kA nigraha ho jAtA hai isa hetu se praznakartA ko punaH kucha bolane kA adhikAra nahIM rahatA hai / isa sthiti meM uttaradAtA yadi "asti vA nAsti' ina donoM meM kisI kA kathana kare arthAt astitva yA nAstitva kA vidhAna kare athavA astitva nAstitva ubhaya kA niSedha kare, yA kucha bhI na bole to bhI uttaradAtA ko parAjaya kI prApti nahIM ho sakatI hai| isa taraha prazna kartA ke svayaM hI nigRhIta ho jAne para uttaradAtA ke kisI bhI prakAra ke abhidhAna ko asat banAne kA adhikAra praznakartA ko nahIM rahatA hai aura uttaradAtA yadi cha bhI na bAle to bhI usa meM apratibhArUpa nigrahasthAna lAgU nahIM hotA hai, uttara dene yogya prazna kA uttara yadi prativAdI na de sake, vaise sthala meM hI apratibhArUpa nigraha syAna lAgU hotA hai / "zazazRGgamasti na vA" yaha prazna uttara dene yogya hI nahIM hai, kyoMki zazazaGga meM abhAvAzrayatva aura abhAvapratiyogitva kisI kA sambhava nahIM hai, isalie uttaradAtA ko mauna rahane para bhI parAjaya nahIM prApta hotA hai / ataH "zazazRGgamasat' isa vAkya se zazazRGga kA niSedha jo Rjumatra mAnatA hai, vaha yukta nahIM hai|" [ vaijJAnika sambandha ke uparAga se zazasIMga meM nAstivyavahAra-samAdhAna ] isa AzaGkA kA samAdhAna karate hue granthakAra batAte haiM ki jaise "nyAya, vaizeSika" Adi anya darzanavAdiyoM ke mata meM "viziSTa yaha zuddha vastu se bhinna nahIM hotA" isa siddhAnta ke anusAra zuddha kI apekSA se atirikta viziSTa asat mAnA jAtA hai, jaisekuNDalarahita caitra kI apekSA se "kuNDala viziSTa caitra" una ke mata meM atirikta nahIM hai, kyoMki catra vyakti to vahI hai jo pUrva kAla meM kuNDala rahita thA, uttarakAla meM kuNDalarUpa vizeSaNa ke yoga se vaha catra nahIM hai aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA, isalie kuNDala

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146 upA. yazovijayaracite viziSTa hone para bhI vaha caitra hI hai kintu caitra se atirikta nahIM hai / isataraha zuddha se atirikta viziSTa una ke mata meM asat rUpa se mAnya hai, to bhI kuNDalaviziSTa caitra meM maitratva to nahIM rahatA hai, isalie "maitratvAbhAvavAna kuNDalaviziSTaH caitraH" yaha pratIti hotI hai / isa pratIti ke anusAra maitratvAbhAvAzrayatA kA vyavahAra, viziSTa caitra, jo asat hai, usa meM ve loga karate haiN| eva 'isa pradeza meM kaMDalaviziSTa caitra nahIM hai-isa taraha kI pratIti ve loga pramANa mAnate haiM, isa pratIti se "etaddezavRttiabhAvapratiyogitva' asat-viziSTa catra meM bhAsita hotA haiM, isalie kuNDalaviziSTa catra 'etaddezavRttiabhAvapratiyogitAvAn" aisA vyavahAra una ke mata meM hotA hai / vaise hI hamAre mata meM bhI asat zazazRGgarUpa viziSTa meM abhAvAzrayatva aura abhAvapratiyogitvarUpa sa vastu kA vaijJAnika sambandharUpa uparAga mAnakara "zazazRGgamasat" "kharazRGgamasat" ityAdi vyavahAroM kA upapAdana ho sakatA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki yadyapi zazazaGgAdi meM asattva kA yA abhAvAzrayatva kA aura abhAvapratiyogitva kA lokaprasiddha svarUpaAdisambandha honA sambhavita nahIM hai, to bhI "zazazaGgamasat" "zazazRGgasattvAbhAvavat""zazazRGgamabhAvapratiyogi" ityAdi vikalpAtmaka jJAna hote haiM, tadviSayatA zazazRGga aura asattva Adi meM avazya hai, isalie ekajJAnaviSayatA zazazRGga aura asattvAdi meM avazya rahatI hai, ataH "eka jJAna viSayatA" sambaMdha se yA "svaviSayaka jJAna viSayatA' sambandha se asattvAdi kA zazazRGgAdi meM rahanA sambhava hone se "zazazRGgamasat' ityAdi vyavahAra RjusUtra ke mata meM bhI upapanna hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"asat viziSTa meM vaijJAnika saMbandha kI kalpanA kara ke "zazazaGgamasat" isa vyavahAra kA upapAdana karane kI apekSA "zazavRtti abhAvapratiyogizRGgam" aisA atha mAnakara "zazazaGgamasat" isa vyavahAra kA upapAdana karane meM lAghava hai, kyoMki isa artha meM vaijJAnika saMbandha kI kalpanA nahIM karanI paDatI hai, taba vaijJAnika saMbandha kalpanArUpa gaurava se yuktarIti kA AzrayaNa karake ukta vyavahAra kA upapAdana karanA yukta nahIM hai|'-prNtu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM haiM, kyoMki "zazazaGamasti na vA" isataraha kA prazna jijJAsu vyakti karatA hai / "zazazRGga meM astitva hai yA nAstitva hai" yahI jAnane kI icchA praznakartA ko hai, isa sthiti meM uttaradAtA ko inhIM donoM meM se kisI eka kA vidhAna zazazRGga meM karanA cAhie, ataH usa prazna ke uttara meM "zazazRGga nAsti' aisA hI kahanA yukta hai kyoMki aisA kahane para hI nAstitva kA vidhAna siddha hotA hai / yadi "zRGga zazavRttiabhAvapratiyogI hai" aisA uttara diyA jAya to vaha saMbaddha na hogaa| "zRGga zazavRttiabhAvapratiyogI hai yA nahIM ?" isataraha kA prazna hotA, taba to vaha uttara saMgata hotA, parantu prazna to zazazaGga meM astitva-nAstitva viSayaka hai isalie 'zazazRGga nahIM hai' aisA hI uttara denA ucita hai / isa uttara kA upapAdana karane ke lie vaijJAnika saMbandha ko mAnanA bhI Avazyaka hai, kyoMki usa ko mAne binA isa uttara kA upapAdana nahIM ho sakatA hai, ataH vaijJAnika saMbandha kalpanArUpa gaurava yahA~ doSarUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha phalamukha gaurava hai| phalamukha gaurava kA zAstrakAroM ne svIkAra kiyA hai|

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nayarahasye RjusUtranayaH yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"zazazRGga to aprasiddhavastu hai, aprasiddhavastu kisI vidheya kA uddezya nahIM banatI hai, taba zazazRga meM nAstitvarUpa vidheya kA vidhAna hI nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie zazazRga nAsti isataraha ke uttara kA abhidhAna yukta kaise mAnA jAyagA ?" parantu, yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki "zazazRMga' nAsti" isa abhidhAna meM "zazapadottara zRgapadatvarUpa AnupUrvI viziSTa zazazugapada kA uccAraNa hai, isalie zazazRgaM kI upasthiti ukta AnupUrvI viziSTa pada se ho jAtI hai, ataH zazagarUpa uddezya kI siddhi arthAt jJAna, pada se hI ho jAtA hai, usa meM nAstitva kA vidhAna isa vAkya se kiyA jAtA hai, jo vaijJAnika sambandha mAnakara hI sambhavita hotA hai / yahA~ yaha dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki "AnupUrvI" zabda kA AnupUyaM artha hotA hai / vaha AnupUrvI kaI prakAra kI hotI hai / jaise-varNAnupUrvI, padAnupUrvI, vAkyAnupUrvI / varNoM ke kramika uccAraNa ko varNAnupUrvI kahA jAtA hai, yaha AnupUrvI padoM meM rahA karatI hai, jaise "ghaTa" pada meM gha, a, da, a ina cAra varNoM kA uccAraNa kramazaH hotA hai, ataH "ghaTa' pada meM ghakArottaratva viziSTa jo akAra, tadottaratva viziSTa jo TakAra, tadRttaratva viziSTa atvarUpa jo AnupUrvI, yaha AnupUrvI "paTAdi" padoM meM nahIM hai, kintu pakArottaratva ghaTita AnupUrvI usa meM hai, jo "ghaTa"pada gata AnupUrvI se bhinna hai| jahA~ padoM kA kramazaH uccAraNa hotA hai, vahA~ padAnupUrvI zabdaprayoga kiyA jAtA hai / yaha padAnupUrvI samasta padoM meM yA vAkya meM rahatI hai / "zazazRGga' zabda meM "zaza" pada ke bAda "zRGga" pada kA uccAraNa hotA hai, isalie nirvibhaktika zazapadottaratvaviziSTa zRGgapadatvarUpa padAnupUrvI "zazazRGga" isa samasta pada meM hai / "zaze zRGga nAsti' isa vAkya meM bhI padAnupUrvI rahatI hai, jo "saptamyanta" zazapadottaratva viziSTa prathamAnta "zRGgapada," taduttaratva viziSTa jo "na" pada, taduttaratvaviziSTa "asti" padatvarUpa hai / "mRgo dhAvati, taM pazya' isa vAkya meM "mRgo dhAvati" yaha eka avAntaravAkya hai, "taM pazya" yaha dUsarA avAntara vAkya hai, ina donoM vAkyoM kA kramazaH uccAraNa hotA hai, isalie "mRgo dhAvati" etadvAkyottaratva viziSTa "taM pazya" iti vAkyatvarUpa AnupUrvI "mRgo dhAvati, taM pazya' isa mahAvAkya meM hai / prakRta meM "zazavRtti-abhAvapratiyogi zRGgam" isa vAkya meM zazavRtti-abhAvapratiyogipadottaratvaviziSTazaGgapadatvarUpa AnupUrvI hai / ataH zRGgarUpa uddezya meM zazavRtti-abhAvapratiyogitva kA vidhAna kiyA jAya to saMgata hogA, parantu vaha AnupUrvI "zazazRGga nAsti' yA "zazazRGgamasat" ina donoM vAkyoM meM nahIM hai, kintu usa se bhinna AnupUrvI hai, jo "zazazRGga nAsti" isa vAkya meM "prathamAnta" zazazRGgagapadottaratvaviziSTa jo "na" pada tadRttaratvaviziSTa "asti' padatvarUpa hai aura "zazazRGgamasat" isa vAkya meM prathamAnta zazazRGga padottaratvaviziSTaasatpadatvarUpa hai, isalie 'zazazRGga pada se honevAle bodha kA viSaya zazazRGga hI uddezya hogA / yadi 'zazazRGga' pada se bodha hI na hotA, taba to uddezyAsiddhi mAnI jAtI, aisA to nahIM hai, kintu 'zazazRGga' pada se bodha hotA hai, vaha bodha hI uddezyasiddhirUpa hai / vaha bodha pramANarUpa nahIM hai, yaha anya bAta hai / ataH "zazazRMgaM nAsti," yA "zazazRgamasat" isataraha ke abhidhAna meM yA vyavahAra meM uddezya kI asiddhi batAnA yukta nahIM hai|

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148 upA. yazovijayaracite asyApi catvAro nikSepA abhimatAH / dravya nikSepa necchatyayamiti vAdiyadi AnupUrvIpada se AkAMkSA kA parigraha kiyA jAya, to bhI zazazRGgapada janyabodha viSaya meM hI nAstipadArtha ke anvaya kI AkAMkSA mAnI jAyagI, isalie "zaza. zRGgarUpa" uddezya kI siddhi avazya mAnanI paDegI / usa ke binA isa vAkya se nirAkAMkSabodha nahIM ho sakegA, ataH uddezyAsiddhi kA ApAdAna karanA yukta nahIM hogaa| viziSTa ke aprasiddha hone para bhI vajJAnika sambandha vizeSa ko mAnakara "zazazAGga nAsti" isa vAkya meM jaise prAmANya hotA hai usItaraha "pItaH zaGkho nAsti" isa vAkya meM bhI vaijJAnika sambandha ko mAnakara hI prAmANya kA upapAdana zakya hai, kyoMki yahA~ bhI pItazaMkharUpa viziSTa aprasiddha hai, taba usa meM nAstitva kA vidhAna nahIM ho skegaa| vaijJAnika dha mAnane para nAstitva kA svaviSayaka jJAnaviSayatA sambandha pItazaMkharUpa viziSTa meM rahatA hai isIlie aprasiddha pItazaMkha meM ukta sambandha se nAstitva kA vidhAna ho sakatA hai, taba yaha vAkya pramANa banatA hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"zazazRGga' aura "pItazaMkha," kAlpanika hai, isalie "nAstitva" bhI usa meM kAlpanika hI hogA, taba "zazazRGga nAsti' "pItazaMkho nasti" ityAdi vAkyoM se janyabodha pramANarUpa hove, aisA sambhava nahIM hai, ataH pramAjanakatvarUpa prAmANya ina vAkyoM meM kaise hogA ?"-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kAlpanika artha bhI dUsare ko pratibodha karane ke lie vyavahAra se pramANa mAnA jAtA hai, jaise koI dudhAhArI bAlaka dUdha ke abhAva meM rudana karatA hai to usa kI mAtA cAvala ko dhokara usa pAnI ko dUdha kahakara bAlaka ko pilA detI hai| bAlaka usa ko saccA dUdha mAnakara pI letA hai aura zAnta bana jAtA hai / vahI kAlpanika dUdharUpa artha hI bAlakapratibodhArthaka vyavahAra se pramANa bana jAtA hai, usItaraha zazazRGga, pIta zaMkha Adi artha kAlpanika hone para bhI vyAvahArika prAmANya usa meM mAnA jAyagA ataH "zaMzazRGga nAsti, pItaH zaMkho nAsti' ityAdi vAkyoM kA bhI prAmANya hone meM kucha bAdha nahIM hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"Apa ne tArkikoM kI rIti ko apanAkara asat viziSTa meM vaijJAnika sambandhApekSayA "zakhazRGgaM nAsti' ityAdi vAkya ke prAmANya kA upapAdana kiyA yaha ThIka nahIM, kyoMki apanI rIti se Apa prAmANya kA upapAdana nahIM kara ske| dUsare kI rIti to Apa kI dRSTi meM pramANa hI nahIM hai. taba kaise usa rIti kA svIkAra Apa ke liye saMgata hogA ?" parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki syAdvAdataMtra ke niSNAta AcAryoM ne bhI tat tat naya pratipAdita artho meM ruci vizeSa kA upapAdana karane ke liye una una nayasthaloM meM anya dArzanikoM kI rIti ke parigraha ko bhI iSTa mAnA hai, ataH yadi hama tArkika rIti kA anusaraNa kara ke 'zazazaga nAsti' ityAdi vAkyoM ke prAmANya kA upapAdana kare to koI kSati nahIM hai| [ cAroM nikSepa RjusUtranaya ko bhAnya hai. ] se "naigamAdi nayoM ko nAmAdi nikSepa catuSTaya abhimata hai vaise Rjusatranaya ko bhI nAmanikSepAdi cAroM nikSepa mAnya haiM / "vAdi siddhasena" ke mata kA yApI)

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149 nayarahasye zabdanayaH siddhasenamatAnusAriNaH, teSAmuktasUtravirodhaH / na cokta evaitatparihAra etanmataparikAra iti vAcyam, nAmAdivadanupacaritadravyanikSepadarzanaparatvAduktasUtrasya tadanupapatteH, adhikamanyatra // 4 // AdezAntare "yathArthAbhidhAnaM zabdaH" iti trayANAmekaM lakSaNam / bhAvamAtrAbhidhAnaprayojako'dhyavasAya vizeSa ityetadarthaH / tena nAtiprasaGgAdidoSopanipAtaH / anusaraNa karanevAle AcAryoM kA kathana yaha hai ki "RjusUtra' dravya nikSepa ko nahIM mAnatA hai, isalie dravya se bhinna nikSepatraya hI RjusUtra kA abhimata hai, parantu aisA una kA kathana saMgata nahIM hai, kAraNa, "ujusuassa ege aNuvautte ega davvAvassayaM puhatta Necchai" isa sUtra kA virodha una ke mata meM upasthita hogA / yaha sUtra "RjusUtra' meM bhI dravyanikSepa kA abhyupagama batAtA hai ataH una vAdIyoM ke mata se, RjusUtra yadi dravyanikSepa ko na mAnegA, taba isa sUtra ke sAtha virodha spaSTa hotA hai| yadi aisA kahA jAya ki "vAdI siddhasena ke mata kA pariSkAra pUrva meM kiyA gayA hai, vahA~ isa virodha kA parihAra bhI kiyA gayA hai ki RjusUtra anupayogAMza ko lekara vartamAna Avazyaka paryAya meM dravya kA upacAra mAnatA hai, isalie upacarita dravyanikSepa kA abhyupagama RjusUtra ko hai / ukta sUtra kA aisA tAtparya mAna lene para virodha nahIM hotA hai kyoMki upacarita dravya kA abhyupagama hone para bhI RjusUtra ko mukhya dravya kA abhyupagama ukta sUtra se siddha nahIM hotA hai"-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki RjusUtra ko jaise anupacarita nAmAdi nikSepatraya mAnya hai, vaise hI anapacarita dravyanikSepa bhI mAnya hai, isa tathya kA pradarzana ukta sUtra se hotA hai, ataH 'upacarita dravya nikSepa kA pradarzana usa sUtra se hotA hai' aisA mAnakara virodha kA parihAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / isalie ukta sUtra kA virodha vAdIsiddhasena ke mata meM rahatA hI hai, ataH una ke mAtAnusArI AcAryo kA kathana saMgata nahIM hai / isa viSaya meM adhika carcA anya grantha meM kI gaI hai, ataH jijJAsu una granthoM ke dvArA hI vizeSa jJAna prApta kara skeNge| [zabdanaya ke nirvacana meM eka mata ] (AdezAntare) tattvArtha sUtrakAra sAmprata, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ina tInoM nayoM kA "zabdanaya' meM hI antarbhAva mAnate haiM, usa mata ke anusAra zabdanaya kA lakSaNa granthakAra batAte haiM / vahI mata "AdezAntara" zabda se yahA~ vivakSita hai / usa mata ke anusAra nayoM ke pA~ca hI bheda mAne gae haiM, negama, saMgraha vyavahAra, RjusUtra aura zabda / eka Adeza (mata) aisA bhI hai jisa me naya ke sAta bheda mAne gae haiM-negama, saMgraha, vyavahAra. RjusUtra, sAmprata, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta / usa Adeza kI apekSA se bhinna AdezAnusAra zabdanaya kA lakSaNa pahale diyA jAtA hai / "yathArthAbhidhAnaM zabdaH" (1-35) tattvArtha sUtra ke bhASya meM yaha lakSaNa batAyA gayA hai, usI lakSaNa kA uddharaNa isa grantha meM kiyA hai / lakSaNAntargata yathArtha pada se nAma, sthApanA, dravya ina tInoM nikSepoM se atirikta bhAva ghaTAdirUpa artha yahA~ vivakSita hai / zabdanaya vartamAna evaM AtmIya bhAva ghaTa ko hI mAnatA

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150 upA. yazovijayaracite tatrApi (nAmAdiSu) prasiddhapUrvAcchabdAdarthapratyayaH sAmprata iti sAmpratalakSaNam / prativiziSTavartamAnaparyAyApanneSu nAmAdiSvapi gRhItasaGketasya zabdasya bhAvamAtrahai, atItAnAgata parakIya ko nahIM mAnatA, isalie vartamAna AtmIya bhAvaghaTa hI isa kI dRSTi meM yathArtha hai, tadvAcaka zabda yathArtha abhidhAna hai, tadviSayaka adhyavasAya hI "zabdanaya" pada se kahA jAtA hai / isa lie yathArthAbhidhAna viSayaka adhyavasAya yahI zabdanaya kA lakSaNa phalita huA / sUtra meM jo 'zabda' pada hai, usa se "zabdanaya" rUpa lakSya kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai / "AkaragranthoM" meM zabda, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ye jo tAna bheda zabdanaya ke batAye gae haiM, una tInoM kA yaha eka hI lakSaNa hai| granthakAra ne "eka" pada kA prayoga kiyA hai, usa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki eka hA lakSaNa ke lakSya sAmprata, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta-ye tInoM bheda hai, ataH ina tInoM bhedoM kA antarbhAva zabdanaya meM ho jAtA hai / isI dRSTi se AdezAntara meM nayoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca hI hotI hai| yahA~ yaha zaGkA uThatI hai-"yathArthAbhidhAna to naigamAdi nayoM meM bhI hotA hI hai, ataH ukta lakSaNa kI ativyApti naigamAdi nayoM meM prasakta hotI hai, taba to "zabdanaya" kA yaha lakSaNa nirdoSa kaise mAnA jAya ?'-isa kA samAdhAna karane ke lie granthakAra bhASyokta lakSaNa kA artha pradarzita karate haiM ki bhASamAtra ke abhidhAna kA prayojaka jo adhyavasAya vizeSa vahI "zabdanaya" kA lakSaNa hai / bhASyokta lakSaNa vAkya kA Azaya isI lakSaNa meM hai| aba naigamAdi nayoM meM atiprasaMgarUpa doSa nahIM AtA hai kyoMki naigamAdinaya nAma, sthApanA, dravya ke abhidhAna kA prayojaka adhyavasAyavizeSarUpa bhI haiM, isalie zabdanaya kA yaha lakSaNa una nayoM meM nahIM jAtA hai / granthakAra ne isa niskRSTa lakSaNa meM "bhAva" zabda ke bAda jo "mAtra" pada kA prayoga kiyA hai, usa kA abhiprAya naigamAdi nayoM meM jo bhASyoktalakSaNa kI ApAtataH ativyApti AtI hai, usa ke nivAraNa meM hI hai / "sAmpratAdi" bhedoM meM avyApti bhI nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki sAmpratAdi bhI bhAvamAtra kA hI avabodhana karate haiM aisA sUcana grantha meM "atiprasaMga" pada ke bAda "Adi" pada ke upAdAna se kiyA hai| [ sAmpratanaya kA lakSaNa paricaya ] (tatrApI) zabdanaya ke tIna avAntarabheda zAstra meM batAe gaye haiN| sAmprata, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta, una meM se prathama bheda kA lakSaNa prakRtagrantha se batAte haiM / yaha lakSaNa tattvArthasUtra (1-35) ke bhASya meM kathita hai, usI kA uddharaNa yahA~ para kiyA gayA hai / lakSaNaghaTaka "nAmAdi" pada se "nAma, sthApanA, dravya, bhAva" ina cAroM kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| prativiziSTaparyAyarUpa jo nAma, sthApanA dravya aura bhAvarUpa ghaTAdivastu, usa meM sajhAsajJi sambandha-grahaNa kAla meM abhidhAnarUpa se-arthAt ghaTa zabda nAmaghaTa kA vAcaka hai, sthApanAghaTa kA vAcaka hai, dravyavaTa kA vAcaka hai, bhAvavaTa kA vAcaka hai-isa rUpa se jisa kI prasiddhi pUrva mayoM meM ho cukI hai, aise zabda arthAt nAma se hone vAlA jo arthapratyaya arthAt vijJAna yA adhyavasAya ghahI sAmpratanaya kA lakSaNa hai| bhAvamAtra hI zabda kA pAcya use abhISTa hai kyoMki bhAgha se hI sabhI abhilaSita kArya kI siddhi hotI hai|

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nayarahasye sAmpratanayaH bodhakaravaparyavasAthIti tdrthH| tathAtvaM ca bhAvAtirikta viSayAMza uktasaGketasyA'prAmANyagrAhakatayA nirvahati / tajjAtIyAdhyavasAyatvaM ca lakSaNamiti na kvacidanIdRzasthale'vyAptiH samabhirUDhAyativyAptizca adhyavasAye viSaye vA tattadanyatvabizeSaNadAnAnnirAkaraNIyA / granthakAra isa lakSaNa kA sArabhUta artha yaha batAte haiM ki "nAma" kA jo vartamAna paryAya, evaM sthApanA dravya aura bhAva kA jo vartamAna paryAya ye sabhI pratyeka rUpa meM viziSTa haiM arthAt ekadUsare se bhinna haiM / isataraha ke "nAmAdi" meM bhI jina kA saMketa gRhIta hai arthAt 'isa kA vAcaka yaha zabda hai' isataraha jisa zabda ke vAcyavAcakabhAvarUpa saMketa kA jJAna saMjJA-saMjJi sambandhakAla meM ho cukA hai usa zabda kA bhAvamAtra kI bodhakatA meM paryavasAna jisa abhiprAya vizeSa se hotA hai vaha abhiprAya vizeSa hI sAmpratanaya kA lakSaNa hai / isa arthavarNana se yaha bhAva nikalatA hai ki vartamAna nAmAdi meM zabda ke saMketa kA jJAna bhale ho, tathApi sAmpratanaya kI dRSTi se vaha zabda kevala vartamAna bhAva kA hI bodhaka hotA hai / vartamAna nAma, vartamAnasthApanA aura vartamAnadravya kA bodhaka nahIM hotA hai kyoMki nAmAdi meM jo saMketa graha pUrva meM huA haiM, usa meM aprAmANya buddhi kA janaka "sAmpratanaya' hotA hai / isa hetu se hI zabda kA vartamAnabhAvamAtrabodhakatA meM paryavasAna sAmpratanaya mAnatA hai| [sAmpratanaya ke lakSaNa kI avyApti meM AzaMkA ] __ yahA~ yaha prazna uTha sakatA hai ki bhAjyoktalakSaNa kA nikRSTa artha jo Apane batAyA hai, usa se sAmpratanaya kA lakSaNa yaha siddha hotA hai ki jisa abhiprAya vizeSa se vanamAnabhASamAtra bodhakatA meM zabda kA paryavasAna ho vahI sAmpratanaya hai| kiMtu aisA lakSaNa karane para aise sthaloM meM avyApti kA prasaMga hogA jahA~ koI adhyavasAyavizeSa bhAva se adhika kAlAdi bheda se arthabheda kI bodhakatA ko bhI zabda meM svIkAra karegA / Azaya yaha hai ki zabdanaya 'kAla, kAraka, liMga, saMkhyA, puruSa' Adi ke bheda se artha kA bheda pradarzita karatA hai, jaise "babhUva, bhavati, bhaviSyati" ina tInoM zabdoM meM bhavanarUpa kriyA ko vaha eka nahIM mAnatA hai kintu vartamAna, bhUta aura bhaviSyat kAla ke bheda se tInoM zabdoM se bhinna-bhinna artha kA bodha mAnatA hai| evaM, "ghaTaH asti, ghaTaM pazyati" ina donoM vAkyoM meM ghaTa zabda kA prayoga hai, prathamavAkyagata "ghaTa" kartA hai, dvitIyavAkyagata "ghaTa" karma hai| yadi nirvizeSa hI ghaTa donoM vAkyoM meM vivakSita hogA, to prathamavAkyagata ghaTa meM jo kartRtva kA vyavahAra hotA hai aura dvitIyavAkyagata ghaTa meM jo karmatva kA vyavahAra hotA hai vaha na hogaa| isalie ina donoM vAkyoM se bodhita ghaTadvaya meM kucha vizeSa avazya mAnanA cAhie, jisa se kartatva-karmatva vyavahAra upapanna ho sake. vaha vizeSa yA bheda kArakakRta hai / isItaraha zabdanaya meM "taTaH, taTI, taTam" ina tInoM padoM se bodhita taTa bhinna-bhinna hai| yahA~ taTa kA bhedaka kramazaH puMstva, strItva, napuMsakatvarUpa liMga haiM / "nimbAmrakadambAH vanam " isa vAkya ke pUrva pada meM bahuvacana kA prayoga

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122 upA. yazovijayaracite hai, isalie nimbAdi padArtha meM bahutva saMkhyA bhAsita hotI hai aura "vanam' isa uttara pada meM ekavacana kA prayoga hai, isalie vanarUpa artha meM ekatva saMkhyA pratipAdita hai / sAmAnyata: donoM padoM kA artha eka hone para bhI vacana ke bheda se yA saMkhyA ke bheda se donoM padoM kA artha bhinna-bhinna hai, aisA sAmpratanaya mAnatA hai / "sa pacati, tvaM pacasi, ahaM pacAmi" ina vAkyoM meM 'sa, tvaM, ahaM" ina padoM meM bodhita puruSa bhinna-bhinna hai, ina puruSoM ke bheda se bhinna-bhinna pAkakriyA tInoM vAkyoM se bodhita hotI hai, yaha sAmprata kI mAnyatA hai / "ghaTaH, kambhaH asti" yahA~ kAla, kAraka, liMga, saMkhyA aura puruSa saba samAna hone se artha kA bheda nahIM hai / sAmpratanaya kI isataraha kI mAnyatA ke anusAra kucha abhiprAyavizeSa aise jarUra hoMge jo zabda kA kAla-kAraka-liMgAdi viziSTa artha kI bodhakatA meM tAtparya mAnege / ve kAla kArakAdi bhAvamAtra nahIM kiMtu usa se bhI kucha adhika hI haiM, isalie "zabdaniSTha bhAvamAtra bodhakatA paryavasAyI adhyavasAyatvam' isa lakSaNa kI avyApti vaise sthaloM meM jarUra hogI, ataH ukta niSkRSTa artha kA varNana saMgata nahIM lagatA hai| isa prazna ke samAdhAna meM granthakAra batAte haiM ki "tajjAtIyAdhyavasAyatvam' aisA lakSaNa kareMge, taba avyApti nahIM hogI / tAtparya, yaha lakSaNa jAtighaTita banAyA gayA hai, ataH "zabdaniSThabhAvamAtrabodhakatvaparyAvasAyI-adhyavasAya vizeSa meM vRtti ho aura nayatva kA vyApya ho aise jAtivizeSa se viziSTAdhyavasAyatva" aisA lakSaNa yahA~ vivakSita kiyA hai| "ghaTaH, kumbhaH, kuTa:" aise sthaloM meM artha kA bheda na hone ke kAraNa "ghaTAdi" zabdoM kI bhAvamAtrabodhakatA rahatI hai, isalie yahA~ "bhAvamAtrabodhakatA paryavasAyIadhyavasAya" hai / isa adhyavasAya meM "sAmpratatva" jAti rahatI hai, jo "nayatva" jAti kI apekSA se vyApya bhI hai, yaha sAmpratatva jAti una adhyavasAyoM meM bhI hai, jina adhyavasAyoM se bhAvAtirikta "kAla, kAraka, liMgAdi bheda kI bodhakatA meM bhI zabda kA tAtparya rahatA hai / ata: tAdRza jAti viziSTa una abhiprAyoM kA bhI saMgraha ho jAtA hai, isalie kahIM bhI avyApti kA sambhava nahIM rahatA hai / [zabda naya ke lakSaNa kI samabhirUDhAdimeM ativyApti kA vAraNa ] yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-samabhirUDha aura evambhUtanaya bhI adhyavasAyavizeSarUpa hI haiM aura unameM zabdagata bhAvamAtra bodhakatAparyavasAyItva bhI rahatA hai, isalie vahA~ ativyApti kA prasaMga isa lakSaNa meM AvegA, kyoMki "zabdagata bhAvamAtra bodhakatA paryavasAyI" kucha adhyavasAya una nayoM meM bhI haiM, vaise adhyavasAyoM meM samabhirUDhatva aura evambhUtatva jAtI hai / ye donoM jAtiyA~ bhI nayatvavyApya haiM, aura ina jAtiyoM se yukta samabhirUDha aura evambhata ye donoM naya hote haiM / isarIti se "sAmpratanaya" kA lakSaNa vahA~ bhI ghaTa jAtA hai|"-is kA samAdhAna granthakAra isataraha batAte haiM ki zabdanaya bhAvamAtra bodha hotA hai, isalie zabdanaya ke avAntarabheda jase "sAmprata" hai, vaise hI samabhirUda aura evambhUtanaya bhI hai, ataH ativyApti kA sambhava hai| kiMtu samabhirUDhatvena abhimata adhyavasAya bhinnatva tathA evambhUtatvena abhimata adhyavasAyabhinnatva yaha vizeSaNa "sAmpratanaya"

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nayarahasye zabdanayaH 153 sampradAye'pi 'vizeSitataraRjusUtrAbhimatArthagrAhI adhyavasAyavizeSa' iti 'zabdaH' ityApAditasaMjJAntarasyA'sya lakSaNam / "icchai vise siyatara, paccuppaNaM gao ke lakSaNa meM yadi lagA diyA jAyagA, taba ativyApti kA nirAkaraNa ho jAyagA / isa sthiti meM "sAmpratanaya kA lakSaNa yaha hogA ki samabhirUDhAdhyavasAya se bhinna aura evambhUtAdhyavasAya se bhinna aisA jo zabda niSThabhAvamAtrabodhakatAparyavasAyI adhyavasAya, usa meM vRtti jo nayatvavyApya jAti, usa jAtivAlA adhyavasAya sAmprata naya hai / zabda me bhAvamAtrabodhakatA kA paryavasAna jisa samabhirUDhAdhyavasAya aura evambhRtAdhyAvasAya se hotA hai, una se bhinna zabdaniSTha bhAvamAtrabodyakatA paryavasAyI-adhyavasAya kevala sAmpratatvena abhimata adhyavasAya hI hogA, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta nahIM hogA, isalie ativyApti kA prasaMga nahIM aayegaa| granthakAra ne "samabhirUDha aura evambhUta" meM ativyApti kA nivAraNa karane ke lie eka dUsarA bhI prakAra batAyA hai| vaha yaha hai ki "samabhirUDhAdhyavasAya" kA jo viSaya aura "evambhUtAdhyavasAya" kA jo viSaya usa se "sAmprata" kA viSaya bhinna hotA hai, kyoMki trAbhimata viSaya kI apekSA se "sAmprata" kA viSaya alpa hotA hai tathA samabhirUDha se abhimata viSaya kI apekSA se evambhUta kA viSaya aura bhI alpa hotA hai| isalie sAmprata ke viSaya meM, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ke viSayoM kA bheda yadi vizeSaNarUpa meM lagA deMge, to bhI ativyApti kA prasaMga nahIM AyegA / isa sthiti meM "sAmprata' kA lakSaNa yaha hogA ki samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ke viSaya se bhinna viSayaka ho aisA jo zabdaniSThabhAvamAtra bodhakatA paryavasAyI-adhyavasAya, usa meM vRtti nayatvavyApya jAtivAlA adhyavasAya sAmpratanaya hai / isa lakSaNa meM ativyApti nahIM hogI kyoMki samabhirUDha ke viSaya meM svabhinnatva nahIM rahatA hai aura "evambhUta" ke viSaya meM bhI evambhUta viSayabhinnatva nahIM rahatA hai / sAmprata ke viSaya meM to "samabhirUDha viSaya bhinnatva aura evambhUtaviSaya bhinnatva" rahatA hai, isalie sAmpratAdhyavasAya meM lakSaNa jAyegA aura samabhirUDha tathA evambhUta meM lakSaNa nahIM jaayegaa| [ sAmpradAyika matAnusAra sAmpratanaya kA lakSaNa] (sampradAye'pi) prakRta sandarbha se granthakAra yaha batAnA cAhate haiM ki "sAmpratanaya" kA jo lakSaNa pariSkRta kara ke batAyA gayA hai, usI abhiprAya kA lakSaNa sampradAya mata meM bhI hai / bheda itanA paDatA hai ki ukta lakSaNa meM lakSya kA nirdeza "sAmprata" pada se kiyA hai aura sampradAya meM jo "sAmprata" kA lakSaNa hai, usa meM "zabda" isa sAmAnya nAma se "sAmpratanaya" rUpa lakSya kA nirdeza kiyA hai arthAta "sAmpratanaya" kA hI "zabda" isa saMjJAntara se vyavahAra kiyA hai / yahA~ sampradAya zabda se jinabhadrakSamAzramaNaprabhRti prAcInatama AcAryo kA mata vivakSita hai| ina ke mata meM dravyArthika ke naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra aura Rjura tra ye cAra bheda mAne gaye haiM, tathA paryAyArthikanaya ke zabda, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ye tIna bheda mAne gaye haiM, una ke mata meM sAmpratanaya kA "zabda" pada se hI vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai / sampradAyAnusArI lakSaNa vizeSitatara RjusUtrAbhimatArtha grAhI 20

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154 upA. yazovijayaracite sado" ||tti [anuyogadvAra-152] sUtram / atrApi tarapratyayamahimnA vizeSitatamAdhovarti viSayagrahaNAnna samabhirUDhAyativyAptiriti smatavyam / adhyavasAyavizeSarUpa hai| isa kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki RjusUtra pratyutpanna arthAt vartamAna artha kA grAhI hai, sAmprata bhI vartamAna artha ko hI mAnatA hai aura parakIya tathA atItaanAgata artha ko jaise "RjusUtra" nahIM mAnatA hai vaise sAmprata bhI nahIM mAnatA hai / -itanA sAmya hone para bhI RjusUtra liMgabheda hone para bhA vastu ko abhinna mAnatA hai jaise "taTaH, taTI, taTam" yahA~ puMstva, strItva, napusakatva rUpa liMga kA bheda hone para bhI "taTa" rUpa artha to eka hI hai, aisA usa kA mata hai / tathA ekavacana, bahuvacana ke bheda hone para bhI "guruH, guravaH" ityAdi sthaloM meM guru Adi artha ko vaha eka hI mAnatA hai / tathA nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAvarUpa ina cAroM nikSepoM ko RjusUtra mAnatA hai|-saamprtny liMgabheda se aura pacana Adi ke bheda se artha kA bheda mAnatA hai / artha meM liMgAdi ke bheda rahane para artha meM ekatva nahIM mAnatA hai, isa kA vivaraNa pUrva meM savistara kiyA jA cukA haiM / tathA "nAmAdi" nikSepoM meM se bhI "sAmpratanaya" bhAvanikSepamAtra ko mAnatA hai, zeSa tIna nikSepoM ko nahIM mAnatA hai, yahI "RjusUtra" kI apekSA se "sAmprata" meM vizeSatA hai, yaha vizeSatA sAdhAraNa nahIM kintu atizayita vizeSatA hai, isalie vizeSitara RjusUtrAbhimata artha kA grAhI sAmpratanaya hotA hai / pUrvalakSaNa meM bhAvamAtrabodhakatA meM zabda kA paryavasAna jo kahA gayA hai, usa kA bhI Azaya vahI hai jo "vizeSitatara" vizeSaNa lagAne para nikalatA hai| ataH pUrvokta lakSaNa meM sAmpradAyika lakSaNa se samarthana prApta ho jAtA hai / [vizeSitatara pratyutpanna arthagrAhI zabdanaya ] isa ko adhika samarthana karane ke lie vizeSAvazyakasUtra kA pramANarUpa se yahA~ uddharaNa haiM-"* icchai visasiyataraM paccuppaNNaM Nao saddo // tti // " (2184) yahI sUtra sAmpradAyika lakSaNa meM pramANa hai / sUtra meM pratyutpanna zabda se RjusUtrAbhimataarthagrAhitva sAmpratanaya meM prApta hotA hai, jo sAmpradAyikalakSaNa meM praviSTa hai| vizeSitatara zabda to sAkSAt ho sUtra tathA sAmpradAyika lakSaNa meM ukta hai, isalie yaha sUtra sAmpradAyika lakSaNa meM pramANarUpa hai / sampradAyamatAnusAra sAmpratanaya me "zabda" isa saMjJAntara kA jo vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai, vaha bhI sUtrAnusAra hI hai| apanI icchAnusAra kalpita nahIM hai, kyoMki sUtra meM bhI "sAmpratanaya" ke lie "zabda" pada se vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai, ataH sUtra se pramANita sAmpradAyika lakSaNa ke dvArA apane lakSaNa kA samarthana karanA yaha saMgata hI hai| pUrvokta lakSaNa meM adhyavasAya athavA viSaya me tat tat anyatva vizeSaNa lagAkara "samabhiruDha aura evaMbhUta meM ativyApti kA vAraNa hotA hai. yaha kahA jA cukA hai| sampradAyAnusArI lakSaNa tattad anyatva vizeSaNa lagAkara ativyApti vAraNa karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai kyoMki * icchati vizeSitatara pratyutpanna nayaH zabdaH /

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nayarahasye zabdanayaH 155 "vizeSitatara" zabda meM jo "tara" pratyaya kA grahaNa hai, usI kI mahimA se "samabhirUDha" aura "evaMbhUta" meM ativyApti kA vAraNa ho jAtA hai / [ sAmprata naya meM vizeSitatara artha grAhitva kI upapatti ] Azaya yaha hai ki RjusUtra se abhimata bhAvarUpa artha ke grAhI sAmprata Adi tIna naya haiN| jo bhAva atIta, anAgata aura parakIya na ho unhIM bhAvoM meM se "vizeSitara bhAva" kA grAhI "sAmpratanaya" hotA hai, parantu sAmprata ko vaha bhAva, 'liMga, vacana' Adi ke bheda se bhinna bhinna abhimata hai, isalie "vizeSitatarArthagrAhI" sAmprata naya huA / evaMbhUta naya vizeSitatara RjusUtrAbhimata artha kA grAhI nahIM hai kintu 'vizeSitatama' artha kA grAhI hai / isa hetu se "sAmpratanaya" ke lakSaNa kI ativyApti samabhirUDha meM nahIM hotI hai / "evaMbhUtanaya" to " samabhirUDha" se abhimata jo "vizeSitatama" artha usa kI apekSA se bhI atizayita vizeSitatama artha kA grAhI hai| ataH vizeSitatarArthagrAhitva jo sAmprata meM hai vaha evaMbhUta meM nahIM hai, isalie ativyApti kA sambhava nahIM hai / Azaya yaha hai ki RjusUtra ne "taTaH, taTI, taTam" yahA~ liMga hone para bhI " taTa" svarUpa bhAva ko eka hI mAnA hai, parantu "sAmpratanaya" liMga bheda hone ke kAraNa taTarUpa bhAva ko bhinna-bhinna mAnatA hai, yahI RjusUtrAbhimata artha kI apekSA se sAmpratAbhimata artha meM vizeSitataratva hai / evaM sAmpratanaya 'ghaTaH, kuTaH kumbhaH' yahA~ samAna liMga aura samAna vacana hone se tInoM zabdoM kA vAcya artha eka hI mAnatA hai kintu samabhirUDha yahA~ eka artha nahIM mAnatA hai kintu viziSTaceSTAyukta artha ko hI "ghaTa" zabda kA vAcya mAnatA hai, kyoMki "ghaT ceSTAyAm" isa dhAtu se 'ghaTa' zabda kI siddhi hotI hai, ataH ghaTazabdavAcya artha meM viziSTaceSTAvattvarUpa pravRttinimitta rahatA hai / "kuTa" zabda "kuTa kauTilye" dhAtu se banatA hai, isalie kauTilyarUpa pravRttinimitta, kuTazabdavAcya artha meM rahatA hai / "umbha pUrNe" isa dhAtu se 'ku' upapada lagAne para "kumbha" zabda banatA hai, ataH kutsitapUraNa yogitva rUpa pravRttinimitta kumbha zabda vAcya artha meM rahatA hai / isataraha samabhirUDha ko pravRttinimitta ke bheda se 'ghaTa, kuTa, kumbha" ina tInoM zabdoM ke vAcya artha bhinna bhinna abhipreta haiM / tathA samabhirUDha ke mata se "ghaTa, kuTa, kumbha" ye tInoM zabda paryAyavAcI nahIM mAne jAte haiM, ataH sAmprata kI apekSA se bhI mukSma artha kA grAhI samabhirUDha mAnA jAtA hai, yahI samabhirUDha ke mAnya artha meM "vizeSitatamatva " hai / evaMbhUta naya samabhirUDha se mAnya artha kI apekSA se bhI sUkSma artha kA grAhI hai, kyoMki samabhirUDha viziSTa ceSTAyukta ghaTa ko, jo gRha koNAdi meM rakhA huA hai- usa ko ghaTa zabda kA vAcya mAnatA hai, parantu evambhUtanaya usa ko ghaTa zabda vAcya nahIM mAnatA hai, kintu kisI nArI ke mastaka para rakhA huA jalAharaNAdi kriyA ke lie ceSTamAna ghaTa ko hI ghaTazabda vAcya mAnatA hai / ataH "samabhirUDha" kI apekSA se bhI atizayita "vizeSitatama" artha ko arthAt saMkucita artha ko "evaMbhUta" mAnatA hai, ataH vizeSitatarArthagrAhitvarUpa sAmprata kA lakSaNa usa meM nahIM jAtA hai, isalie " evambhUtanaya" meM bhI "sAmpratanaya" ke lakSaNa kI ativyApti nahIM hotI hai, yaha samajhanA cAhie /

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106 upA. yazovijayaracite RjusUtrAdvizeSaH punarasyetthaM bhAvanIyaH yaduta saMsthAnAdivizeSAtmA bhAvaghaTa eva paramArthasaH , taditareSAM tattulyapariNatyabhAvenA'ghaTatvAt / 'ghaTavyavahArAdanyatrApi ghaTatvasiddhiri ti cet ? na, zabdAbhilAparUpavyavahArasya saketavizeSapratisandhAnaniyantritArthamAtravAcakatAsvabhAvaniyamyatayA viSayatathAtve'tantratvAt , pravRttyAdirUpa vyavahArasya cA'siddheH / 'ghaTazabdArthatvA'vizeSe bhAvaghaTe ghaTatvaM nAparatretyatra kiM niyAmaka miti cet ? athakriyaiveti gRhANa / [sAmpratanaya meM RjusUtra kI apekSA vizeSatA] (RjusUtrA0) RjumUtra kI apekSA se jo sAmprata meM vizeSa hai, usa ko isa taraha samajhanA cAhie ki pRthubudhnodarAdi AkArarUpa saMsthAna se yukta aura jalAharaNAdi kriyA meM samartha bhAvaghaTa hI sAmpratanaya kI dRSTi se paramAtha sat hai / aise hI bhAvaghaTa ko yaha mAnatA hai, jo jalAharaNAdi kriyA kara sake / aise hI bhAvaghaTa meM "ghaTa' zabda kA prayoga upapanna hotA hai, kyoMki ceSTArthaka ghada dhAtu se ghaTa zabda banatA hai, tathA jalAharaNAdi kriyA samartha bhAva ghaTa meM hI ghaTa zabdArthatva bhI upapanna hotA hai / jalAharaNAdi kriyA samartha bhAvaghaTa se bhinna nAmAdivaToM ko yaha ghaTa nahIM mAnatA, kyoMki bhAvaghaTa kI jo jalAharaNAdi arthakriyArUpa pariNati hai, tatsadRza pariNati nAmAdi ghaToM meM nahIM hai, isalie nAmAdi ghaTa isa kI dRSTi se aghaTa hai| RjusUtra kI dRSTi se to nAma, sthApanA, dravya, bhAva ye cAroM prakAra ke ghaTa paramArtha mAne gae haiM / sAmprata kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki RjusUtra jo nAmAdi ghaToM ko ghaTa mAnatA hai vaha ayukta hai, kyoMki RjusUtra se pUchA jAya ki tuma bhI atIta, anAgata aura parakIya ghaToM ko to ghaTa nahIM mAnate ho, usa kA kyA kAraNa ? isa kA javAba RjusUtra yahI degA ki atItAnAgatAdi ghaToM se jalAharaNAdi arthakriyA kI siddhi nahIM hotI hai, isalie una ko ghaTa mAnane meM koI prayojana nahIM hai| taba RjusUtra ko yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki nAmaghaTAdi se bhI kucha prayojana nahIM banatA hai, isalie una ko ghaTa mAnanA saMgata nahIM hai, ataH jalAharaNAdisamartha pRthubudhnodarAdiAkAraviziSTa bhAvaghaTa ko hI mAnanA yukta hai, aise hI ghaTa ko sAmprata mAnatA hai / yahI sAmprata meM vizeSitatarArthagrAhitva hai aura yahI RjasUtra kI apekSA se sAmprata kI vizeSatA hai| [ vyavahAra se nAmaghaTAdi meM ghaTatvasiddhi kA nirAkaraNa ] yadi yaha zaMkA kI jAya ki-'bhAvaghaTa meM jaise "ayaM ghaTaH" aisA vyavahAra hotA hai, vaise hI nAmaghaTa, sthApanAghaTa aura dravyaghaTa meM bhI "ayaM ghaTaH" aisA vyavahAra hotA hai, isalie ghaTatvaprakAraka vyavahArarUpa hetu se bhAva ghaTa ko dRSTAnta banA kara nAmaghaTAdi meM "ghaTatva" kI siddhi anumAna pramANa se jaba hotI hai, taba nAmaghaTAdi meM pramANasiddha ghaTatva kA apalApa karanA "sAmpratanaya" ke liye saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki prAmANika vastu kA apalApa koI nahIM karatA hai |'-is zaMkA ke samAdhAna meM granthakAra batAte haiM ki

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nayarahasye zabdanayaH 157 " ata evAtrAnupacaritaM ghaTapadArthatvam, anyatra tUpacaritamiti gIyate vizeSaH / athavA RjusUtrasya pratyutpanno vizeSitaH kumbha evAbhimataH asya tu mate UrdhvagrIvatvAdisvaparyAyaiH sadbhAvenArpitaH kumbhaH 'kumbha' iti bhaNyate / idantva - kumbhatvAdyavacchedena svaziSya niSThasvaparyAyAvacchinnakumbhatvasattAbodhaprayojakaprakRtavAkyecchArUpagurverSaNayA 'ayamUrdhvagrIvatvAdinA kumbha eva' 'kumbhaH UrdhvagrIvatvAdinA kumbha evetyAdivAkyaprayogAt / itthamevodezyasAvadhAraNapratItervAdAntarotthApitaviparItAvyavahAra do prakAra kA hotA hai, zabdAbhilApa rUpa vyavahAra saMketavizeSa ke smaraNa se niyantrita artha mAtravAcakatA svabhAvavAle zabda se hotA hai, isalie zabdagata tathAvidha artha vAcakatA svabhAva hI " zabdAbhilAparUpavyavahAra" kA niyAmaka banatA hai, ataH vaha vyavahAra svaviSaya meM jo vAstavikatA rahatI hai usa kA niyamana nahIM kara sakatA hai / Azaya yaha hai ki saMketa grahaNakAla meM 'ghaTa zabda se ghaTarUpa artha bodhita hotA hai, ' isataraha kA saMketajJAna hotA hai / isa saMketajJAna kA anusandhAna karake hI prayogakAla meM prayoktA ghaTa pada kA prayoga karatA hai / saMketa to sAmAnyarUpa se ghaTa meM hotA hai, isalie nAma ghaTAdi meM bhI ghaTazabdaprayogAtmaka zabdAbhilAparUpa vyavahAra hotA hai, parantu usa ghaTa kA kyA svarUpa hai - isa kA nirNaya zabdaprayogarUpa vyavahAra nahIM kara sakatA hai, isalie vyavahAraviSayIbhUta nAma ghaTAdi meM ghaTatva kI siddhi vyavahAramAtra se nahIM ho sakatI hai / jalAharaNAdirUpa prayojana yadi nAmaghaTAdi se siddha hotA, taba to usa meM ghaTatva mAna lete, vaha to nAmaghaTAdi se hotA nahIM hai, kintu bhAvaghaTa se hI hotA hai, ataH bhAvaghaTa meM hI ghaTatva mAnanA yukta hai / nAmaghaTAdi meM vyavahAramAtra se ghaTatva mAnanA yukta nahIM hai / jalAharaNAdi ke lie nAmaghaTAdi meM pravRtti hotI nahIM hai, isalie pravRtti rUpa vyavahAra jo ghaTatva kA sAdhaka hai usa kI asiddhi hone ke kAraNa bhI nAmaghaTAdi meM ghaTatva siddha nahIM ho sakatA / yadi yaha prazna ho - ' zabdArthatva jaise bhAvaghaTa meM rahatA hai, vaise hI nAmaghaTAdi meM bhI rahatA hai / isa sthiti meM bhAvavaTa meM ghaTatva hai, nAmaghaTAdi meM ghaTatva nahIM hai, isa kA niyAmaka kyA ? / ' - isa kA samAdhAna yahI hai ki bhAvaghaTa meM ghaTatva kA niyAmaka jalAharaNAdi artha kriyA hI hai, bhAvaghaTa se hI jalAharaNAdi artha kriyA hotI hai, nAma ghaTAdi se to jalAharaNAdirUpa artha kriyA nahIM hotI hai, isalie una meM ghaTatva kA abhAva hai / isa prakAra artha kriyA ko hI niyAmaka samajhanA cAhie / ( ata eva ) "bhAvaghaTa" meM tathA nAmaghaTAdi meM ghaTazabdArthatva yadyapi samAnarUpa se rahatA hai, tathApi bhAvaghaTa meM ghaTazabdArthatva anupacarita hai=mukhya hai, kyoMki bhAvaghaTa arthakriyAkAratva rahatA hai / nAmaghaTAdi meM jalAharaNAdirUpa artha kriyAkAritva nahIM rahatA hai, isalie usa meM ghaTazabdArthatva upacarita arthAt Aropita hai, ataH nAmAdi ghaToM meM ghaTatva sAmpratanaya kI dRSTi se nahIM rahatA hai, "RjusUtra" kI dRSTi se to nAma ghaTAdi meM ghaTatva rahatA hai, yahI RjusUtra aura sAmprata meM bheda hai / aisA prAcIna AcAryoM kA abhiprAya hai /

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158 upA. yazovijayaracite bhinivezanirAsasya ca siddheH, idameva bhaGgAntare'pyarpaNaprayojanaM bodhyam // 1 // (prathamabhaGgaH ) [ RjusUtra aura sAmpratanaya meM vizeSa atara ] (athavA) RjusUtra kI apekSA se sAmpratanaya meM jo vizeSatA hai usa kI bhAvanA prakArAntara se isataraha hai ki-vyavahAranaya bhAva kumbha ko mAnatA hai, paratu atIta, anAgata, parakIya kuMbha ko bhI vaha kubha mAnatA hai, "RjusUtra" atIta-anAgata parakIya kubha ko kubha nahIM mAnatA hai| kintu vartamAna, svakIya kubha ko hI kubha mAnatA hai| ataH vyavahAra saMmata atItAdi kubha kI apekSA vizeSita kubha RjusUtra kA viSaya huaa| sAMpratanaya vartamAna svakIya kubhoM meM bhI gRhakoNAdi meM sthita artha kriyArahita kubha ko kuMbha nahIM mAnatA, ataH RjusUtrAbhimata kubha kI apekSA sAMpratanayAbhimata kubha vizeSitatara siddha hotA hai / isa prakAra vizeSitArtha grAhitva RjusUtra meM rahatA hai aura vizeSitatarArthagrAhitva sAMprata meM rahatA hai-yahI RjusUtra kI apekSA se sAMprata meM vizeSatA hai yaha bhI khyAla rakhanA cAhie ki sAMpratanaya ke mata meM UrdhvagrIvatva, kapAla, udara Adi kama paryAyoM ke dvArA satvarUpa se vizeSita kumbha hI kumbha mAnA jAtA hai / "RjusUtra" UrdhvagrIvatvAdi svaparyAyoM ke dvArA sattvarUpa se avizeSita hI kumbha ko kumbha mAnatA hai, yaha sAmprata aura RjusUtra meM bheda hai, isataraha kI bhAvanA "riusuttassA'visesio ceva" isa vizeSAvazyakabhASya gAthA kI bRhadavRtti meM "avizeSitaH" aisA pATha mAna kara kI gayI hai| [saptabhaMgI ke prathama bhaMga kI niSpatti ] UrdhvagrIvatva, kapAla, kukSi, budhnAdi svaparyAyoM se avacchinna sattA se vizeSita kumbha hI kumbha pada se vAcya hotA hai isIlie "syAdastyeva ghaTaH'' athavA "syAt san ghaTaH" yaha saptabhaMgI kA prathama bhaMga siddha hotA hai, kyoMki 'kumbhapadArtha gata UrdhvagrIvatvAdi svaparyAyAvacchinna kumbhatattva kI idaMtva-kumbhatvAvacchedena sattA kA bodha ziSya ko ho' isa hetu se prakRtavAkya kI vivakSArUpa arpaNA guru ko hotI hai, usa vivakSArUpa arpaNA se hI guru ziSya ko uddezya kara ke 'yaha UrdhvagrIvatvAdi viziSTa kumbha hI kumbha hai'-isa taraha ke vAkya kA prayoga karatA hai athavA 'UrdhvagrIvatvAdi svaparyAyoM se yukta jo hai vaha kamma hI hai' aisA vAkyaprayoga guru karatA hai / isI rIti se vAkyaprayoga karane para uddezyabhUta ziSya ko sAvadhAraNa pratIti aura RjusUtrAdi sammata vAdAntara se nAma kumbhAdi meM bhI kumbhatva mAnane kA jo viparIta kadAgraha utpanna hotA hai, usa kA bhI nirAsa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki nAmaghaTAdi UrdhvagrIvatvAdi svaparyAyoM se viziSTa nahIM hote haiM, isalie "idaMtva-kumbhatvAvacchedena UrdhvagrIvatvAdi paryAyaviziSTa kumbha kI hI sattA ukta vAkyoM se siddha hotI hai / dvitIyAdi bhaMgoM meM guru kI tathAvidha vivakSArUpa arpaNA kA prayojana bhI yahI hotA hai ki ziSya ko sAvadhAraNa pratIti ho aura vAdAntara se viparIta abhiniveza kA nirAsa ho / isataraha sAmpratanaya kI dRSTi se prathama bhaMga kA upapAdana kiyA gayA hai| [iti prathamo bhaMgaH]

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nayarahasye saptabhaGgI paTAdigataistvaktrANAdibhiH paraparyAyairasadbhAvenArpito'kumbho bhaNyate, kumbhe kumbhatvAnavacchedakadharmAvacchinnAkumbhatvasattvAt / na caivaM kumbhatvAnavacchedakaprameyatvAvacchedenApyakumbhatvApattiH, nAnAdharmasamudAyarUpakumbhatve prameyatvasyApyavacchedakatvAt // 2 // (dvitIyo bhaMgaH) [ saptabhaMgI ke dvitIya bhaMga kI niyatti ] [paTAdi] "syAda nAstyeva ghaTaH" isa dvitAya bhaMga kA samarthana isa prakAra hai / paTAdi meM tvaktrANa arthAta zarAra kI tvacA kA saMrakSaNa Adi paryAya rahate haiM, ve paryAya ghaTa ke nahIM haiM, parantu ghaTa se bhinna paTAdi ke haiM, ataH ghaTa ke lie paTa ke tvaktrANAdi paryAya paraparyAya kahe jAte haiM / una tvaktrANAdi paryAyoM se yukta paTAdi kI hI sattA rahatI hai, kumbha kI sattA nahIM rahatI hai, isalie tvaktrANAdi paryAyAvacchinna sattA kA abhAva ghaTa meM rahatA hai / tAdRza sattAbhAva se vizeSita kumbha akumbha kahA jAtA hai, arthAt sabhI ghaTa kI tvaktrANAdi paryAyoM se asattA kI viSakSA rahane para "asan ghaTaH" athavA "syAd nAstyeva kuMbhaH" yaha dvitIyabhaMga upasthita hotA hai| kyoMki kuMbha meM kuMbhatva ke anavacchedaka jo tvaktrANAdi paraparyAyarUpa dharma usa se avacchinna akumbhatva kI sattA rahatI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki "kumbhatva kI sattA ke avacchedaka kumbhagata UrdhvagrIvatvAdi kumbha ke paryAya hI hote haiM / paTAdi ke paryAyabhUta tvaktrANAdi kumbhapadArtha kI sattA ke avacchedaka nahIM hote haiM kyoMki ve dharma kumbhasattA ke vyadhikaraNa hote haiM, isalie tvaktrANAdi paraparyAyAvacchinna kumbha kI sattA nahIM hotI hai, ataH tvaktrANAdi paraparyAyAvacchinna akumbhatva kI hI sattA kumbha meM rahatI hai| isalie "syAnnAstyeva ghaTaH" "asan ghaTaH" ityAdi dvitIya bhaMga ke prayoga usa dazA meM hote haiM / [prameyatvAcchedena akumbhatva kI Apatti kA nirasana ] yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"jo dharma jisa kA avacchedaka hotA hai, vaha dharma usa ke abhAva kA avacchedaka hotA hai, isa niyama ko mAna kara hI kumbhatvAnavacchedaka tvaktrANAdi paraparyAyoM ko akumbhatva kA avacchedaka arthAt kumbhatvAbhAva kA avacchedaka mAna kara kumbha meM akumbhatva kI sattA ko siddha kiyA hai / isa rIti se to kumbha meM prameyatvAvacchedena akumbhatva kI Apatti AvegI kyoMki jaise tvaktrANAdi para paryAya kumbhatva ke anavacchedaka hote haiM, vaise hI prameyatva bhI kumbhatva kA anavacchedaka hai, isalie akumbhatva kA arthAt kumbhatvAbhAva kA avacchedaka bana jAyagA, taba prameyatvarUpa se asadabhAvavizeSitakumbha akumbha kahA jAyagA, isa sthiti meM prameyatva ko lakSa meM rakha kara "syAnnAstyeva kumbhaH'' yaha dvitIyabhaGga kA prasaMga hogA jo iSTa nahIM hai"-parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kumbhagata kumbhatva koI eka dharma jAtirUpa yA upAdhirUpa nahIM hai kintu anekadharmasamudAyarUpa hai / syAhAdamata meM vastumAtra ananta dharmAtmaka abhISTa hai, ata: kumbha bhI ananta dharmAtmaka hI hai, isalie kumbhagata kumbhatva aneka dharmasamudAyarUpa hotA hai / ataH prameyatva bhI kumbhatvaM kA avacchedaka banegA kyoMki prameyatva sarvatra rahatA hai, jaba kumbhatva kA

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160 upA0 yazovijayaracite tathA sarvo'pi ghaTaH svaparobhayaparyAyaiH sadbhAvA'sadbhAvAbhyAmarpito'vaktavyo bhaNyate, svaparaparyAyasattvA'sattvAbhyAmekena kenApi zabdena sarvasyApi tasya yugapadvaktumazakyatvAt / athaikapadavAcyatvaM ghaTasya svaparyAyAvacchinnatvoparAgeNApi nAstIti tadavacchedenApyavAcyatApattiH, vastutaH svaparyAyAvacchinnasyaikapadavAcyatvenAvaktavyatvAbhAve ca vastutaH kathaJcidubhayaparyAyAvacchinnasyApyekapadavAcyatvena tathAtvApatteH, anyathA paraparyAyAvacchinnasyApyavaktavyatvApatteH / "vidheyAMze ekapadajanyasvaparaparyAyobhayAvaavacchedaka prameyatva hogA taba akumbhatva kA avacchedaka nahIM hogA kyoMki yaha bhI eka niyama hai ki jo jisa kA avacchedaka hotA hai, vaha tadabhAva kA avacchedaka nahIM hotA hai, isalie prameyatvAvacchedena kumbha meM kumbhatva kA sadbhAva hI arpita hotA hai / isa sthiti meM 'prameyatvarUpeNa syAnnAstyeva kumbhaH' isa dvitIya bhaGga kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai|| [dvitIya bhaGga] [ saptabhaMgI ke tRtIya bhaMga kI nippatti ] tathA sarvo] ghaTa ke svaparyAya kamyugrIvatvAdi se ghaTa meM sadabhAva kA arpaNa kiyA jAya aura usI kAla meM tvaktrANAdi paraparyAya se asadabhAva kA arpaNa ho, isa sthiti meM svaparyAya se sattva vizeSita aura paraparyAya se asattvavizeSita kisI bhI ghaTa kA kisI bhI eka zabda se pratipAdana zakya nahIM hai, ataH sattvavizeSita aura asattvavizeSita ghaTa avaktavya bana jAtA hai / isa sthiti meM "syAda avaktavyo ghaTaH" isa tRtIya bhaGga kA utthAna hotA hai| [ sakalasvaparyAyAvacchinna sattvaviziSTa ghaTa ke avaktavyatva kI AzaMkA ] (athakapade) yahA~ eka dIrtha AzaMkA prastuta kI gayI hai| svaparyAyAvacchinna sattvavizeSita aura paraparyAyAvacchinna asattvavizeSita ghaTa eka kAla meM kisI bhI zabda se pratipAdita ho sakatA nahIM hai, isa kAraNa yadi tRtIyabhaGga kA utthAna mAnA jAya to, ghaTa ke jitane paryAya haiM, una sakala paryAyAvacchinna sattvavizeSita ghaTa kA bhI to kathana kisI eka pada se sambhava nahIM hai, ataH sakala svaparyAyAvacchedena bhI ghaTa meM avAcyatva kI Apatti hogii| isa sthiti meM jahA~ prathamabhaGga kA utthAna hotA hai vahA~ bhI tRtIyabhaGga ke utthAna kA prasaMga hogA, arthAt svaparyAyAvacchinna sattvavizeSita ghaTa meM bhI "syAdavaktavyo ghaTaH" yaha bhaGga upasthita hogaa| [ sakala paryAya ko upalakSaNa mAnane se samAdhAna azakya ] yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"yadyapi jitane ghaTa ke paryAya haiM una sakala paryAyAvacchinnasattva viziSTa ghaTa kA vAcaka koI pada nahIM hai, tathApi dhaTa meM vidheyabhUta sattva meM svapayAvacchinnatva ko vizeSaNa na mAnakara upalakSaNa mAnege. taba svasakalaparyAyA

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nayarahasye saptabhaGgIvicAraH cchinnaprakArakazAbdabodhA'viSayakatvamevA'vaktavyatvamiti na doSa" iti cet ? na, ubhayapadajanyasyApyekapadajanyatvAvyabhicArAt / kumbhanajapadAbhyAmakumbhatvabodhake dvitIyabhaMge paraparyAyAvacchedenApyavaktavyatvollekhApatteH / prakRte'pyekena tadubhaya-AdisAGketikapadena bodhasambhavAd bAdhAcca / tvopalakSita satvaviziSTa ghaTa ghaTAtmaka eka zabda se vAcya hogA, isa meM koI bAdhaka nahIM dIkhatA hai, ataH eka zabdavAcyatva svaparyAyAvacchinnatvopalakSita sattvaviziSTa ghaTa meM rahegA, isalie usa sthiti meM "syAdavaktavyo ghaTaH" yaha tRtIyabhaGga nahIM pravRtta hogaa|" -parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| kAraNa, usI rIti se svaparaparyAyAvacchinnatva se upalakSita sattvA'sattva viziSTa ghaTa bhI kathaJcit ekapada vAcya bana jAyagA, taba "avaktavyatva' ghaTa meM nahIM rahegA, isalie svaparyAyAvacchinna sattvavizeSita aura paraparyAyAvacchinna asattvavizeSita ghaTa meM bhI "syAdavaktavyo ghaTaH" yaha tRtIyabhaGga pravRtta nahIM hogaa| ___ yadi kahe ki-'svapara etat ubhayaparyAyAvacchinnatva viziSTa satvA'sattvobhayaviziSTa ghaTa to kisI ekapadavAcya nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie tRtIyabhaMga kI pravRtti hogii|'prntu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kAraNa, paraparyAyAvacchinnatvaviziSTa asattvayukta ghaTa bhI kisI eka pada se vAcya nahIM hotA hai, isalie usa meM bhI avaktavyatva A jAne se dvitIyabhaMga ke sthAna meM bhI tRtIyabhaGga kA prasaMga AegA arthAt jahA~ "syAnnAstyeva ghaTaH paraparyAyaH" aisA dvitIyabhaGga hotA hai yahA~ "syAdavaktavyo ghaTaH paraparyAyaH" yaha tRtIyabhaGga pravRtta ho jaaygaa| [avaktavyatvAbhAva kI Apatti kA vAraNa azakya ] yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"ubhayaparyAyAvacchinna vastu meM bhI kathaJcit ekapadavAcyatva lekara avaktavyatvAbhAva kI ApattirUpa doSa jo diyA gayA hai vaha yukta nahIM hai| kAraNa, vidheyAMza vizeSyaka jo ekapada janya svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchinna prakAraka zabdabodha, tathAvidhazAbyabodhA'viSayatvarUpa hI avaktavyatva hameM vivakSita hai| svaparaparyAyAvacchinna kisI bhI rUpa se ghaTa kisI ekapada se janya zAbdabodha kA viSaya nahIM hotA hai, ataH ghaTa kA svaparyAya jo kambugrIvatvAdi aura paraparyAya jo tvaktrANAdi, etadubhayAvacchinna ghaTatvAdi prakAraka ghaTAdi ekapadajanya zAbdabodha viSayatA ghaTAdivastu meM na rahane ke kAraNa, tAza zabdabodhA'viSayatvarUpa avaktavyatva ghaTa meM rahegA, isalie avaktavyatvAbhAva kI Apatti nahIM aaegii| isataraha "syAdavaktavya ghaTaH" isa tRtIyabhaMga kI pravRtti bhI hogI |'-prntu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hogA / kyoMki ghaTa svaparyAyarUpa se sat hai aura paraparyAyarUpa se asat hai, isataraha sat aura asat ina ubhayapadajanya svaparaparyAyAvacchinna zAbdabodha kA viSaya ghaTa hotA hai, yaha to AkSepakartA ko bhI mAnya hai / taba ubhayapadajanyazAbdabodha meM bhI ekapadajanyatva avazya rahatA hai, isa rIti se ekapada janya svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchinna zAbdabodhaviSayatva hI ghaTa meM raha jAtA hai, ataH tathAvidha 21

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162 upA. yazovijayaracite atha svaparaparyAyeAbhayAvacchinnaika vidheyatAkazAbdabodhaviSayatvame vA'vaktavyatvam / dvitIyabhaGge ca kumbhanaJpadAbhyAmapi tAtparyavazAdeka vidheyaka bodhasyaivoddezyatvAnnAtiprasaGgaH, ubhayAdipadAcca buddhisthazaktAdubhayavidheyaka bodhasyaivoddezAnna bAdha iti zAbdabodhA'viSayatvarUpa avaktavyatva kA abhAva ghaTa meM rahegA, isalie tRtIyabhaMga ke apravRttiprasaMgarUpa doSa kA nivAraNa nahIM hotA hai / [ eka pada mAtra janyatva kI vivakSA meM bhI Apatti ] yadi yaha kahe ki - ' zAbdabodha meM jo ekapadajanyatva vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai, usa vizeSaNavAcakapada se ekapadamAtrajanyatva kI hI vivakSA hai, isalie sat-asat pada dvaya se janya zAbdabodha meM ekapadamAtra janyatva nahIM rahatA hai, ataH ekapadamAtrajanya svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchinna prakAraka zAbdabodhA'viSayarUpa avaktavyatva ghaTAdi meM rahegA / isalie tRtIyabhaMga kI pravRtti meM koI bAdhA nahIM hogI / ' - parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hogA, kyoMki paraparyAyeNa "syAnnAstyeva kumbhaH " yaha dvitIya bhaMga kumbha aura nan ina donoM padoM ke dvArA hI kumbha meM paraparyAyAvacchedena akumbhatva kA bodha karAtA hai, isalie dvitIyabhaMgajanya zAbdabodha meM bhI ekapadamAtra janyatva nahIM rahatA hai, ataH dvitIyabhaMga meM bhA ekapadamAtrajanya paraparyAyAvacchedena avaktavyatva kA ullekha ho jAyagA / vastusthiti to yaha hai ki paraparyAyAvacchedena kumbha, nAstipada janya akumbhatvaprakAraka zAbdabodha kA viSaya banatA hai, isIlie avaktavyatva kA ullekha usa bhaMga meM nahIM hotA hai, usa kI Apatti hogI / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki "puSpadanta" pada kA saMketa sUrya aura candra meM eka hI hai, usa eka saMketa se ukta "puSpadanta" pada se candra aura sUrya ina donoM kA bodha jaise hotA hai, usI taraha prakRta meM bhI sattva aura asattva ina donoM arthoM meM kisI eka pada kA saMketa mAnakara usa ekapadamAtrajanya svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchinna vidheyabhUta, sattvAsattvobhayaprakAraka zAbdabodhaviSayatA hI ghaTAdi meM raha jAyagI, taba to ukta zabdabodhA'viSayatvarUpa avaktavyatva kA bAdha ho jAne se bhI tRtIyabhaMga kI pravRtti nahIM hogI / ataH avaktavyatva kA nirvacana jo Apa ne kiyA hai, vaha saMgata nahIM hai / - [ avaktavyatva kA naye DhaMga se nirvacana se samAdhAnaprayAsa ] ( atha svaparaparyAya) AzaMkAkAra ke samakSa yadi yaha samAdhAna prastuta kiyA jAya kisvaparaparyAyobhayAvacchinna ekavidheyaka ekapadamAtra janya zAbdabodhA'viSayatva ko hI avaktavyatva zabda se vivakSita kareMge, taba koI doSa nahIM hogA kyoMki prathamabhaMga meM sva paryAyAvacchinna sattvarUpa ekavidheyaka zAbdabodha hotA hai, svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchinna ekavidheyaka zAbdabodha nahIM hotA hai, isalie vahA~ avaktavyatva kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai / dvitIyabhaMga meM bhI svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchinna ekavidheyaka zAbdabodha nahIM hotA hai, kintu paraparyAyAvacchinna asattvarUpa ekavidheyaka zAbdabodha hI hotA hai, isalie vahA~ bhI avakavyatva kA prasaMga nahIM AtA hai| tRtIyabhaga meM to svaparyAyAvacchinna satva aura paraparyAyAvacchinna asattva etat ubhaya vidheyaka zAbdabodha karanA cAhate haiM, parantu vaha kisI eka

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nayarahasye saptabhaMgIvicAraH cet ? na, aprasiddhaH / vikalpa balAtkathaJcit prasiddhAvapyanApekSikatvena tatra syAtprayogAnupapatteH / tathA cApekSika vizeSavizrAntavaktavyatvapratipakSAvaktavyatvAsiddhau vaktavyatvaviSayasyASTamabhaGgasyApatteH / avaktavyatvapratipakSasya vizeSavizrAntatvAdeva nASTamabhaGgApattiriti hi sampradAya iti cet ? pada se sambhava nahIM hai aura na eka vidheyaka bhI hogA, ataH ukta zAbdabodhA'viSayatvarUpa avaktavyatva ke rahane se tRtIyabhaMga kI pravRtti hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM hotI hai| dvitIyabhaMga meM jo paraparyAyAvacchedena avaktavyatvollekha kI Apatti pUrvalakSaNa meM lagAI gaI thI vaha bhI isa lakSaNa meM nahIM AtI hai, kyoMki astitva-nAstitva etat ubhayavidheyakabodha hI tRtIyabhaga ko abhISTa hai, vaha to dvitIyabhaga meM nahIM rahatA hai| ataH avaktavyatva kA ullekha dvitIya bhaga meM nahIM prApta hotA hai / ubhaya artha meM sAMketika ekapadajanyabodha ko lekara jo bAdha doSa pUrvalakSaNa meM diyA gayA thA usakA bhI prasaMga nahIM AtA hai, kyoMki astitva aura nAstitva ina donoM meM saketita ubhayAdi ekapada se jo zAbdabodha hotA hai, vaha ubhayavidheyaka hI hotA hai / tAdRza pada janya zAbdabodha viSayabhUta vidheyatA, astitva aura nAstitva me bhinna bhinna rahatI hai, isalie vaha zAbda bodha svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchinna ekavidheyaka nahIM hotA hai ataH vivakSita zAbdabodhAs viSayatvarUpa avaktavyatva vahA~ rahatA hI hai, isalie bAdha kA sambhava hI nahIM hotA hai / [ aprasiddhi doSa se nae nirvacanavAlA prayAsa niSphala ] parantu yaha samAdhAna bhI yukta nahIM hai / kAraNa, sva aura para etat ubhayaparyAyAvacchinna koI eka dharma to milatA hI nahIM hai / ghaTAdi meM svaparyAyAvacchinna sattvadharma rahatA hai, parantu vaha paraparyAyAvacchinna nahIM hai aura paraparyAyAvacchinna asattvadharma jo ghaTAdi meM hai vaha svaparyAyAvacchinna nahIM hai, isIlie ubhayaparyAyAvacchinna koI bhI eka dharma prasiddha nahIM hotA hai| ataH tathAvidha ekadharma vidheyaka zAbdabodha bhI aprasiddha ho jAtA hai, isalie tathAvidha zAbdabodha viSayatvarUpa avaktavya kI bhI aprasiddhi ho jAtI hai / isa hetu se tRtIyabhaga kI pravRtti kA sambhava kahIM bhI nahIM hogaa| yadi kaha kahe ki-'pramANa se jo vastu siddha nahIM hotI hai vaha bhI vikalpasiddha mAnI jAtI hai / isa niyama ke anusAra ukta avaktavyatva pramANasiddha na hone para bhI vikalpasiddha to hogA hI, usI ko lekara tRtIyabhaGga kI pravRtti hogI'-parantu yaha kahanA bhI saMgata nahIM hai kyoMki vikalpasiddha vastu ko kisI kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai| ata eva vaha nirapekSa mAnI jAtI hai aura "syAt" pada apekSA ko sUcita karatA hai, isa lie vikalpasiddha avaktavyatvavAcaka avaktavya zabda ke sAtha sthAt pada kA prayoga nahIM ho sakegA, taba "ghaTaH syAdavaktavya eva" isataraha ke tRtIyabhaGga kA ullekha nahIM ho skegaa| [nirapekSa vaktavyatva ke aSTamabhaMga kI Apatti ] yadi yaha prazna kiyA jAya ki "syAt" pada kA prayoga bhale hI na ho to bhI 'yaha avaktavya hI hai; isa rUpa se hI tRtIyabhaGga kI pravRtti hogI to kyA harja hai ?'-to

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upA. yazovijayaracite na, prakRtavidhiniSedhasaMsargAvacchinnaika vidheyatAkazAbdabodhAviSayatvarUpasyA'vaktavyatvasya svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchedena tRtIyabhaMgAdupasthityA doSAbhAvAd , avacchinnAntopAnAdavaktavyatvaikavidheyatAmAdAya na bAdha iti dika // 3 // [tRtIyo bhaMgaH] isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki nirapekSa avaktavyatva ko lekara yadi "syAt" pada se rahita "aya avaktavya evaM" isa rIti se tRtIyabhaGga kI pravRtti kA samarthana kiyA jAyagA to nirapekSa vaktavyatva ko lekara tadabodhaka "aya vaktavya evaM" isa rIti se AThave bhaGga kI bhI pravRtti kA prasaMga AyegA, jo kisI AcArya ne nahIM mAnA hai, isalie apramANika hai| isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki, ApekSika vaktavyatva astitvAdirUpa kisI vizeSa meM hI vizrAnta rahatA hai, usa kA pratipakSa arthAta virodhI to ApekSika avaktavyatva hI ho sakatA hai, usa kI pUrvokta rIti se aprasiddhi hI hai kyoMki svaparaparyAyAvacchinna koI bhI eka dharma milatA nahIM hai| isalie svaparaparyAyAvacchinna ekadharmaniSThavidheyatAbodha hI aprasiddha ho jAtA hai, taba tathAvidhabodhaviSayatva bhI aprasiddha hogA aura tathAvidhabodhaviSayatvAbhAvarUpa avaktavyatva bhI aprasiddha ho jAtA hai / taba to, vikalpa ke AdhAra para prasiddha kiye gae nirapekSa vaktavya ko lekara hI tRtIyabhaGga kA samarthana kiyA jA sakatA hai, isa sthiti meM nirapekSa avaktavyatva kA pratipakSa nirapekSa vaktavyatva hI hogA, ataH nirapekSa vaktavyatva viSayaka aSTamabhaGga kA prasaMga prastuta avaktavyatva kA lakSaNa mAnane para aayegaa| [ aSTamabhaMga kI Apatti kA pratikAra azakya ] yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'ApekSika avaktavyatva pakSa meM bhI ApekSika vaktavyatva viSayaka aSTamabhaGga kA prasaMga jaise nahIM hai, usItaraha nirapekSa avaktavyatva pakSa meM bhI aSTamabhaGga kA prasaMga nahIM hogA |-prntu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, ApekSika avaktavyatva se ApekSika vaktavyatva kA hI nirAsa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha ApekSika vaktavyatva kathaJcit astitva-kathaJcit nAstitvAdirUpa hai, jisa kA pratipAdana "syAdastyeva ghaTaH" "syAnnAstyeva ghaTaH" ityAdi bhaGgoM se ho hI jAtA hai, isalie tadabodhaka aSTamabhar3akI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai, ata: ApekSika avaktavyatva pakSa meM aSTamabhaGga ke hone kA avasara hI nahIM AtA hai| nirapekSa avaktavyatva kA pratipakSa jo nirapekSa vaktavyatva hai vaha kahIM bhI vizrAnta (avasthita) nahIM hai| ataH prastuta avaktavyatva ke nirvacana meM aSTama bhaMgaprAptisvarUpa doSa durnivAra hai / yahA~ taka pUrvapakSI kI AzaMkA prastuta hai / [ dIrgha AzaMkA kA samAdhAna tRtIya nirvacana ke svIkAra se ] [na, prakRta] pUrvapakSI ne tRtIyabhaGga kA sambhava nahIM ho sakatA hai, isa AzaMkA ko prastuta kiyA / usa kA samAdhAna siddhAntI yaha prastuta karate haiM ki pUrva meM jo do prakAra ke avaktavyatva ke nirvacana kie gae haiM, una meM sadoSatva kA samarthana pUrvapakSI ne kiyA hai, ve doSa tRtIyaprakAra ke avaktavyatva kA jo nirvacana kiyA jAtA hai, usa meM saMbhavita nahIM hote haiN| prakRta vidhi niSedha saMsargAvacchinna ekavidheyatA ke zAbdabodhA'viSayatvarUpa

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nayarahasye vyavahAranayaH 165 ekasmin deze svaparyAyasattvenAparasmiMzca paraparyAyAsavena vivakSito ghaTos - ghaTazca bhaNyate / ekasmin dharmiNi dezabhedena bhinnatayA vivakSite ekavAkyAdubhabodhatAtparyeNa tathAbodhAt ||4|| [ caturthI maMga: ] avaktavyatva kA nirvacana yaha tRtIya prakAra kA nirvacana hai / tRtIyabhaGga kA asambhava jo batAyA hai, vaha isa nirvacana meM lAgU nahIM hogA / kAraNa, "ghaTaH svaparyAyeNa asti paraparyAyeNa nAsti" ina bhaGgoM meM prathama bhaGga se astitva kA vidhAna hotA hai, vahI prakRta vidhi hai / tathA dvitIyabhaGga se jo astitva kA niSedha hotA hai vahI prakRta niSedha hai / tRtIya bhaGga meM jo avaktavyatva niSTha vidheyatA hai usa meM prakRtavidhi niSedha arthAt astitva, nAstitva, usa kA saMsarga nahIM rahatA hai, isalie tRtIyabhaGgIya jo avaktavyatvaniSThavidheyatA vaha prakRtavidhiniSedhasaMsargAvacchinna nahIM hotI hai, kintu avaktavyatvaniSTha ekavidheyatA se bhinna vidheyatAoM meM prakRtavidhiniSedhasaMsargAvacchinnatva rahegA, ataH tathAvidha vidheyatAkazAbdabodhaviSayatA ghaTa meM nahIM rahegI, isalie tathAvidha zAbdabodhA'viSayatvarUpa avaktavyatva svaparaparyAyobhayAvacchedena ghaTa meM raha jAyagA / ataH " syAdavaktavyaH ghaTaH " isa tRtIyabhaGga kI upasthiti hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hogA / yahA~ " syAt" pada kA prayoga hone se ApekSika avaktavyatva kA pratipakSa kathaJcidavaktavyatva, kathaJcidu astitva aura kathaJcida nAstitvarUpa vizeSa meM hI vizrAnta hogA jisa kA prathamabhaGga aura dvitIyabhaGga meM hI antarbhAva ho jAtA hai, isalie vaktavyatvaviSayaka aSTamabhaGga kI Apatti bhI nahIM hotI hai / [ tRtIya bhaMga ] [ saptabhagI kA caturthabhaMga ] [ ekasmin ] caturthabhaGga kA nirUpaNa isa prakAra hai / jaba ghaTAdi vastu ke eka bhAga meM svaryAya kambugrIvAdirUpa se astitva kI vivakSA hotI hai aura aparadeza meM arthAt anya avayava meM tvaktrANAdi aparaparyAya se nAstitva kI vivakSA hotI hai, taba avayava aura avayavI meM kathaJcid abheda hone se avayavagata astitva - nAstitva kA avayavI meM vyapadeza mAnakara kathaJcit ghaTa aura aghaTa ubhaya kahA jAtA hai| usa sthiti meM "syAdasti ghaTaH syAnnAsti ca ghaTaH " isa caturtha bhaGga kI pravRtti hotI hai / isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki avayavabheda se avayavI meM kathAcit bhinnatA kI vivakSA karane para eka hI avayavI meM " syAdasti ghaTaH syAnnAsti ghaTaH " isa eka vAkya se hI ghaTatva-aghaTatva yaha ubhaya bodha meM tAtparya hone se kathaJcit yaha ghaTa hai aura kathaJcit yaha aghaTa hai, aisA bodha hotA hai / avayava ke dvArA avayavI meM avayava ke dharmoM kA vyapadeza "kuNTho devadattaH" ityAdi sthala meM prasiddha hai / devadatta ke hastarUpa avayava meM kuNThatva dharma rahane para devadatta samUce avayavI meM kuNThatva vyavahAra hotA hai| devadatta ke netra meM kANatva hone para devadattarUpa samUce avayavI meM kANatvavyavahAra "devadattaH kANaH" isa rUpa meM hotA hai, isI rIti se ghaTa ke eka avayavagata sattvadharma ko lekara "syAdasti ghaTaH " isa rUpa se ghaTa meM satva vyavahAra tathA ghaTatva vyavahAra hotA hai / evam, apara avayavagata pararUpeNa asatva dharma ko lekara

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166 upA. yazovijayaracite ___ekasmin deze svaparyAyaiH sattvenArpito'nyatra tu deze svaparobhayaparyAyaiH sattvA'sattvAbhyAmarpitaH-kumbho'vaktavyazca bhaNyate / dezabhedenaikatra sattvA'vaktavyatvobhayabodhanatAtparyaikavAkyena tathAbodhAt // 5 // [ paJcamo bhaMgaH ] ghaTa meM "nAsti ghaTaH" isa rUpa se asattva vyavahAra tathA "ayamaghaTaH" isa rUpa se aghaTatva vyavahAra bhI hotA hai / yahA~ ghaTa meM jo "sattvAsattva" donoM kA bodha hotA hai, vaha kramikabodha hotA hai aura sattvAsattva donoM meM prAdhAnya rahatA hai / yadi sattva aura asattva kI eka sAtha pradhAna rUpa se vivakSA mAnI jAegI, taba avaktavyatva pratipAdaka tRtIyabhaGga meM hI paryavasAna ho jAyagA, isalie kramika vivakSA mAnanA to Avazyaka hai / evam , eka ghaTarUpa avayavI meM sattva aura asattva yA ghaTatva-aghaTatva kI vivakSA vibhAgazaH nahIM kiMtu sAkSAt hogI, to bhI avaktavyatvabodhaka tRtIyabhaGga meM paryavasAna ho jAyagA, isalie vibhAgazaH donoM dharmo kI vivakSA Avazyaka hai| viruddha dharmaviziSTa avayavoM ke dvArA avayavA kA vibhAga karake avayavagata viruddhadhamokA avayavI me kramika vivakSA kara ke vyapadeza karane para tRtIyabhaGga meM paryavasAna nahIM hotA hai, ataH jaise eka hA puruSa meM bAlaparyAya se bAlatvabodha aura kumAraparyAya se abAlatva kA bodha hotA hai, usA taraha ghaTa meM svaparyAya se astitva vivakSita hone se ghaTa kahA jAtA hai aura paraparyAya se nAstitva vivakSita hone se aghaTa bhI kahA jAtA hai / [iti caturtho bhaGgaH] // 8 // [ saptabhagI ke paMcama bhaga kI niSpatti ] [ekasmina] jahA~ kumbha ke eka avayava meM kumbugrIvAdi svaparyAyoM se sattva kI vivakSA ho aura anya avayava meM svaparyAya kambugrIvAdi aura paraparyAya tvaktrANAdi ina donoM se sattva aura asattva ina donoM kI eka sAtha vivakSA ho, vaise sthala meM kumbha kathaJcit kumbha aura kathaJcit avaktavya kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki deza bheda se eka hI kumbha vastu meM sattva-avaktavyatva ina donoM kA bodha ho, isa tAtparya se 'syAdasti kumbhaH syAdavaktavyazya" isa pazcama bhaGgAtmaka vAkya kA prayoga hotA hai| ata: eka vastu meM dezabheda se satva-avaktavyatva etadaubhayaprakAraka bodha hotA hai| yahA~ yaha meM rahanA cAhie ki jisa deza meM astitva kI vivakSA rahatI hai vahA~ astitva, avaktavyatvasvabhAva se anuviddha hI rahatA hai aura apara deza meM jo astitva-nAstitva ina donoM kI yugapat vivakSA se avaktavyatva rahatA hai, vahA~ bhI avaktavyatva astitvAnuvidva hI rahatA hai / isa sthiti meM paJcamabhaGga kI pravRtti hotI hai| yahA~ para yaha AzaMkA uThatI hai ki svaparyAyoM se astitva kI vivakSA jaise prathama bhaGga meM hotI hai, vaise paJcamabhaGga meM bhI hotI hai, ataH paJcamabhaGga ko prathamabhaGgarUpa kyoM nahIM mAnA jAya ? tathA astitva, nAstitva etat ubhayarUpa se yugapada vivakSA tRtIyabhaMga meM bhI rahatI hai, isalie tRtIyabhaMga meM paJcamabhaMga kA atiprasaMga AtA hai| isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki prathamabhaMga meM "astitva" avaktavyatvAnuviddha nahIM rahatA hai aura tRtIyabhaMga meM avaktavyatva astitvAnuviddha nahIM rahatA hai| paJcamabhaMga meM astitva avakta

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nayarahasya vyavahAranayaH 167 ekadeze paraparyAyairasadbhAvenArpito'nyasmiMstu svaparapayAyaiH sattvA'sattvAbhyAmekena zabdena vaktumabhipreto-akumbho'vaktavyazca bhaNyate / dezabhedenaikatrA'sattvA'vaktavyatvobhayabodhanatAtparyakavAkyeNa tathAbodhAt // 6 // (SaSTho bhaMgaH) vyatvAnuviddha rahatA hai aura avaktavyatva astitvAnuviddha rahatA hai, isalie paJcamabhaMga ko kevala prathamabhaMga aura kevala tRtIyabhaMga nahIM kaha sakate haiN| yadi yaha prazna ho ki prathama aura tRtIyabhaMga meM bhI astitva ko avaktavyatva se anuviddha kyoM nahIM mAnA jAtA hai ? to yaha prazna ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki vaktA ko vaisA hI vAkyaprayoga karanA cAhie jaisA bodha zrotA ko abhISTa ho / prathamabhaMga ke zrotA ko avaktavyatva se ananuviddha astitva kA bodha abhISTa rahatA hai, isalie avaktavyatva se ananuviddha astitva kA bodha jisa se ho, aise hI vAkya kA prayoga vaktA karatA hai, vahI vAkya prathamabhaMga rUpa hotA hai aura jahA~ para astitva se ananuviddha avaktavyatva kA bodha zrotA ko abhISTa rahatA hai, vahA~ para vaktA bhI astitva se ananuviddha avaktavyatvabodhaka vAkya kA prayoga karatA hai, vahI vAkya kevala tRtIyabhaMgarUpa banatA hai / paJcamabhaMga meM isa se viparIta sthiti hotI hai kyoMki vastu sabhI anantadharmAtmaka hai, ataH vastu meM dezabheda se avaktavyatvAnuviddha astitva kA bodha aura astitvAnuviddha avaktavyatva kA bodha zrotA ko jaba abhISTa hotA hai taba vaktA ko bhI zrotA ke anurodha se vaise hI vAkya kA prayoga karanA Avazyaka ho jAtA hai jisa se avaktavyatvAnuviddha astitva kA aura astitvAnuviddha avaktavyatva kA bodha ho, vahI vAkya paJcamabhaMgarUpa hotA hai, jisa kA AkAra "kumbhaH syAdastyeva, syAdavaktavya eva" yaha hai // iti paJcamo bhaMgaH // 5 // [ saptabhogI ke chaThe bhaMga kI niSpatti] [ekadeze] chaThe bhaMga kA nirUpaNa isa prakAra hai / jaba kumbha ke ekadeza meM tvaktrANAdi paraparyAyoM se asattva kI vivakSA hove aura anya avayava meM svaparyAya ke dvArA sattva tathA paraparyAya ke dvArA asattva ko eka zabda se kahane kI icchA vaktA ko ho usa sthi meM una avayavoM ke dvArA kumbharUpa eka avayavI akumbha aura avaktavya kahA jAtA hai| kAraNa, avayava ke bheda se eka avayavI meM asattva aura avaktavyatva kA bodha ho jAtA hai| vaha vAkya "ghaTaH syAnnAsyeva syAdavaktavya" isa prakAra kA hotA hai, isI ko SaSTa bhaMga kahate hai / yahA~ bhI yaha dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki ekadeza meM jo asattva kI vivakSA hotI hai, vaha asattva avaktavyatva se anuviddha rahatA hai aura apara avayava meM jo avaktavyatva rahatA hai vaha asatvAnuviddha rahatA hai, isIlie kevala dvitIyabhaMga kI vyAvRtti ho jAtI hai, kyoMki dvitIyabhaga se jo "nAstitva" bodhita hotA hai vaha avaktavyatva se anuviddha nahIM rahatA / tRtIya bhaMga kI bhI vyAvRtti isI hetu se hotI hai ki tRtIyabhaMga se jo eka zabda ke dvArA sattvAsattva kI yugapatavivakSA se avaktavyatva kA jo bodha hotA hai, vaha nAstitva se anuviddha nahIM rahatA / kAraNa, zrotA ko nAstitva se ananuviddha avaktavyatva kA bodha honA hI abhISTa hai, isalie vaktA bhI nAstitva se ananu viddha avaktavyatvabodhaka

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168 upA. yazovijayaracite tathaika smin deze svaparyAyaiH sadbhAveNArpito'nyasmistu paraparyAyairasadbhAvenApito'parasmiMstu svaparobhayaparyAyaiH sadbhAvA'sadbhAvAbhyAmekena zabdena vaktumiSTaH 'kumbho'kumbho'vaktavyazca' bhaNyate / dezabhedenaikatra trayabodhanatAtparyakavAkyena tathAbodhAditi vizeSaH // 7 // [ saptamo bhaMgaH ] jo vAkya ho usI kA prayoga karatA hai / SaSThabhaMga kI sthiti isa se viparIta hotI hai kyoMki zrotA ko avaktavyatva se anaviddha "nAstitva" aura nAstitva anuviddha avaktavyatva kA bodha honA iSTa rahatA hai, isalie vaktA ko bhI usItaraha kA bodha jisa se ho vaise hI vAkya kA prayoga karanA Avazyaka rahatA hai| yahI SaSThabhaMga kA abhiprAya hai| (iti SaSTho bhaMgaH) // 6 // [ saptabhaMgI ke saptama bhaMga kI niSpatti ] (tathaikasmin ) saptamabhaGga kA nirUpaNa isa prakAra hai / jaise, caturtha, paJcama, SaSTha bhaMgoM meM bhinna-bhinna avayavoM meM sattvAdi kI vivakSA kara ke avayavoM ke dvArA eka avayavI meM una dharmo kA Aropa karake caturthAdibhaMga kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai, usItaraha, avayavI ke eka avayava meM svaparyAya dvArA sattva kI vivakSA, dUsare avayava meM paraparyAya dvArA asattva kI vivakSA ho, tathA tIsare avayava meM svaparyAya ke dvArA sattva evaM paraparyAya ke dvArA asattva ina donoM ko eka zabda se kahane kI icchA ho, usa sthiti meM kumbharUpa eka avayavI 'kumbha, akumbha aura avaktavya' kahA jAtA haiM / dezebheda se eka hI avayavI meM sattva, asatva aura avaktavyatva etat tritaya prakAraka bodha athavA kumbhatva, akumbhatva aura avaktavyatva tritaya prakAraka podha hotA hai / vaha vAkya "kumbhaH syAdastyeva syAnnAstyena, syAdavaktavya eva" isa prakAra kA hotA hai, athavA "ayaM syAt kumbha eva, syAt akumbha eva, syAdavaktavya eva" isa prakAra kA hotA hai| yahI saptamabhaMga kA svarUpa hai| isataraha kI saptabhaMgI kI pravRtti "sAmpratanaya" meM hotI hai, isalie "sAmpratanaya" vizeSitatara artha kA grAhaka mAnA jAtA hai, isataraha "RjusUtra" meM ukta saptabhaMgA kI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai isalie RjusUtra avizeSita artha kA grAhI hotA hai / yahI RjusUtra kI apekSA se sAmpratanaya meM vizeSatA samajhanI cAhie / yahA~ bhI vaha dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki avayavI kisI eka deza meM jo satva kI vivakSA rahatI hai vaha sattva, asattva aura avaktavyatva donoM se anaviddha rahatA hai| evam, dUsare avayava meM aparaparyAya se vivakSita asattva bhI sattva aura avaktavyatva se anuviddha hotA hai / evam anya tRtIya avayava meM ekazabda se sasvAsattva ina donoM kI vivakSA hone se vaisA zabda na hone ke kAraNa jo avaktavyatva kI vivakSA rahatI hai, vaha avaktavyatva bhI sattva aura asattva ina donoM se anuviddha hA bodhita hotA hai / kAraNa yaha hai ki boddhA kA paraspara anuviddha sattva, asatva aura avaktavyatva etat tritaya prakArakabodha kA icchA rahatI hai / ataH usa ke anurodha se patA ko bhI tathAvidhabodhajanaka vAkya kA prayoga karanA paDatA hai, isalie

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169 nayarahasye saptabhaGgI tathA ca babhASe bhASyakAra:- " ahavA paccuppanno, riusuttassAvisesio ceva / kumbho visesiyataro, sabbhAvAI hiM sadassa // 2231 // sambhAvA'sabbhAvobhayappio saparapajjaobhayo / kubhA'kubhA'vattabobhayarUvAibheo so // 2232 // tti'| atra kumbhAkumbhetyAdi gAthArdhana paibhaMgAH sAkSAdupAttAH saptamastvAdizabdAt / tathAhi kumbho'kumbho'vaktavyaH, kumbhazcAkumbhazca, kumbhazvAvaktavyazcAkumbhazvAvaktavyazceti trividha ubhayarUpa AdizabdasaMgRhItazca "kumbho'kumbho'vaktavyazceti saptabhedo ghaTa iti // yahA~ prathamabhaMga se lekara SaSThamaMga paryanta kisI bhaMga ko avakAza milane kA prasaMga nahIM rahatA hai kyoMki parasparAnuviddha sattva, asattva aura avaktavyatvaprakArakabodha pUrva ke kisI bhaMga se nahIM hotA hai, isalie saptamabhaMga kI pravRtti hotI hai / iti saptamo bhaMgaH // 7 // __(tathA ca babhASe) sAmpratanaya saptabhaMgoM kA svIkAra karatA hai / RjusUtra ke mata meM maMgoM kA sambhava nahIM hai; yahI RjusUtra kI apekSA se sAmprata meM vizeSa hai, aisA granthakAra ne pratipAdana kiyA hai| svapratipAdita isa artha meM samarthana ke lie vizeSAvazyaka bhASyakAra kI do gAthAoM ko pramANarUpa se udhRta kiyA hai-una kA tAtparya isa prakAra hai [ bhASyakAra ke zabdoM meM saptama gI kA nirdeza ] RjusUtra naya nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ina cAroM vartamAna ghaToM ko mAnatA hai / parantu "zabdanaya' pRthubudhnodarAdi AkAra se yukta jalAharaNAdi kriyA ke yogya vartamAna bhAvaghaTa mAtra ko mAnatA hai, isalie RjusUtra kI apekSA se vizeSitatara artha kA grAhI zabdanaya hai, yahI zabdanaya meM vizeSatA hai, parantu dUsare prakAra ke bhI zabdanaya meM RjusUtra kI apekSA vizeSa ho sakatA hai, isa abhiprAya se bhAvya meM 'athavA' pada diyA hai| vaha dUsarA prakAra yaha hai ki RjumUtra pratyutpanna sattvA'satvAdi se avizeSita kumbha ko hI sAmAnyataH kumbha mAnatA hai, parantu "zabdanaya" to sadbhAva Adi se vizeSitatara kumbha ko hI kumbha mAnatA hai, isalie kumbha, akumbha, avaktavya Adi bhedoM se yukta kumbha ko mAnane se saptabhaMgoM kA pravRtti "zabdanaya" meM hotI hai| svaparyA sadabhAva vizeSita ghaTa hotA hai, ataH "syAdasti ghaTaH" yaha prathamabhaMga hotA hai| tvaktrANAdi paraparyAyoM ke dvArA asadabhAva se vizeSita kumbha kumbharUpa nahIM hotA hai, isa vivakSA se "syAt nAsti ghaTaH" isa dvitIyabhaMga kI pravRtti hotI hai| tathA sabhI svaparyAya kambugrIvAdi ke dvArA sattva se vizeSita aura paraparyAyoM ke dvArA asattva se vizeSita kumbha kI jaba kisI eka sAMketika zabda se vivakSA hotI hai, taba kumbha avaktavya hotA hai / usa sthiti meM "syAt kumbhaH avaktavyaH" isa tRtIyabhaMga kA pravRtti hotI hai / jaba kramika sattva vizaSita aura asattva vizeSita kumbha kI vivakSA hotI hai, taba "ayaM syAt * athavA pratyutpanna RjusUtrasyAvizeSita eva / kumbho'vizeSitatara: sadbhAvAdibhiH zabdasya / / 2231 / / sadabhAvA'sadabhAvobhayArpitaH svAraparyAyobhayataH / kumbhA'kumbhA'vaktavyobhayarUpAdibhedaH saH // 2232 // 22

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170 upA. yazovijayaracite atra ca sakalarmiviSayatvAttrayo bhaMgA avikalAdezAH, catvArazca dezAvacchinnadharmiviSayatvAdvikalAdezA iti / yadyapIdRzasaptabhaMgaparikaritaM sampUrNa vastu syAdvAdina kumbhaH akumbhazca" isa caturthabhaMga kI pravRtti hotI hai| ina meM se tIna bhaMga ekarUpa hote haiM, arthAt kumbhatva, akumbhatva aura avaktavyatvarUpa eka-eka dharmaprakAraka bodha ko utpanna karate haiM / caturtha, paJcama aura SaSTha ye tIna bhaMga ubhayarUpa hote haiN| arthAt dharmadvayaprakAraka bodha ko utpanna karate haiM / una meM se prathama ubhayarUpa bhaMga caturthabhaMgAtmaka hai, jisa kA svarUpa pradarzita kara diyA gayA hai / dvitIya ubhayarUpamaMga paJcamasaMgarUpa hai / vastu ke ekadeza meM svaparyAya dvArA sattva kI vivakSA ho aura dUsare deza meM svaparyAya aura paraparyAyoM ke dvArA sattva aura asattva ina donoM kI yugapada vivakSA ho to, "ayaM syAtkumbhaH, syAdavaktavyazca' yaha paJcamabhaMga pravRtta hotA hai / isa meM vaha kumbha bhI hotA hai aura avaktavya bhI hotA hai| kyoMki isa bhaMga se kumbhatva aura avaktavyatva etad ubhayaprakAraka bodha hotA hai, isalie yaha bhaMga ubhayarUpa kahA jAtA hai| tathA vastu ke ekadeza meM paraparyAyoM ke dvArA asattva kI vivakSA ho aura paraparyAyoM ke dvArA yugapada sAMketika kisA eka zabda se sattva aura asattva vivakSA ho to, "ayaM syAda akumbhaH, syAt avaktavyazca" yaha SaSThabhaMga pravRtta hotA hai, isa bhaMga se bhI akumbhatva aura avaktavyatva etada ubhayaprakAraka bodha hotA hai, isalie ubhayarUpa mAnA jAtA hai / isataraha pUrvokta dvitIya gAthA ke uttarArddha se chaH bhaMgoM kA sAkSAt kathana kiyA gayA hai, jina meM prathama tIna eka eka dharmaprakAraka bodha ke janaka hote haiM aura avaziSTa tIna do do dharma prakAraka bodha karate haiM / saptamabhaMga kA saMgraha "Adi" pada se kiyA hai / vastu ke eka avayava meM svaparyAyoM ke dvArA sattva kI vivakSA, dUsare avayava meM paraparyAyoM ke dvArA asattva kI vivakSA ho aura tIsare avayava meM svaparyAya aura paraparyAyoM ke dvArA yugapat sAMketika kisI eka zabda se sattva-asattva kI vivakSA ho to avayavoM ke dvArA avayavI sat, asat aura avaktavya hotA hai| isa sthiti meM "ayaM syAt kumbhaH, syAd akumbhaH, avaktavyazca" yaha saptamabhaMga pravRtta hotA hai / isa bhaMga meM ghaTatva aghaTatva aura avaktavyatva etat dharmatrayaprakAraka bodha hotA hai kyoMki ghaTa ekadeza meM ghaTatva se yukta pratIta hotA hai, dUsare deza meM aghaTatva se yukta pratIta hotA hai aura tIsare deza meM avaktavyatva se yukta pratIta hotA hai, isa taraha ghaTa ke sAta bheda siddha hote haiM, kyoMki 'kumbhatva, 2akumbhatva, avaktavyatva, 'kumbhatvA'kumbhatva, 'kumbhatva-avaktavyatva, akumbhatva-avaktavyatva kumbhatva-akumbhatva-avaktavyatva" ye sAta dharma ghaTa meM saptabhaGgI prayoga ke dvArA siddha hote haiN| [ sakalAdeza, vikalAdeza, syAdvAda aura naya ] [atra ca sakala]=ina sAtoM bhaGgoM meM prathama, dvitIya aura tRtIya bhaGga avikalAdeza jAte haiM kyoMki eka-eka dharma svarUpa se ina aMgoM se akhaNDadharma ghaTAdi kA hI vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai, isalie ye tAnoM bhaMga sakaladharmiviSayaka hote haiM, ataH ina kA sakalAdeza yA avikalAdeza zabda se vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| caturtha Adi cAra bhaMgoM meM

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171 nayarahasye sakalA dezAdi eva saGgirante, tathApi RjusUtrakRtAbhyupagamApekSayA etadanyatarabhaMgA dhikyAbhyupagamAcchandanayasya vizeSitataratvamaduSTamiti sampradAyaH // dezabheda se bhinna bhinna dharmadvaya yA dharmatrayarUpa se dharmi kA vidhAna hotA hai, isalie ye cAroM bhaMga dezAvacchinnadharmiviSayaka hote haiM kyoMki ina bhaMgoM meM avayavoM ke dvArA avayavI dharmAtmakatva yA dharmatrayAtmakatva nizcita kiyA jAtA hai, isIlie ye bhaMga vikalAdeza yA dezAdeza zabda se vyavahRta hote haiM / "pramANanayatatvAlokAlaMkAra" grantha ke karttA AcArya ke mata se yaha saptabhaMgI pratyeka bhaMga meM sakalAdezarUpa aura vikalAdezarUpa mAnI gaI hai| una kA abhiprAya yaha hai ki vastumAtra ananta dharmAtmaka hai aura vastu meM anantadharma pramANa se siddha haiM una dharmoM se ukta dharmi bhI pramANa se siddha haiM / una azeSa dharmAtmaka vastu kA una ananta dharmoM se kAlAdi aSTaka kI apekSA se abheda mAnakara arthAt dharma-dharmI kA abheda mAna kara eka sAtha bodha jisa vAkya se hotA hai vaha vAkya sakalAdeza kahA jAtA hai / athavA bhinna svarUpa una dharma aura dharmI ko kAlAdi sApekSa upacAra - lakSaNA se abheda mAnakara eka kAla meM jisa vAkya se bodha hotA hai, vaha vAkya sakalAdeza kahA jAtA hai, aisA bodha pramANasAdhya hotA hai, isalie pramANavAkya ko sakalAdeza kahate haiM / " dravyArthikanaya" se sattAdi se abhinna ananta dharmAtmaka vastu meM sat Adi pada kI zakti kA jJAna hotA hai / kAlAdi aSTaka ke dvArA jo bheda kA pratisandhAna hotA hai usa se upasthita bAdha kA pratirodha honA hI abheda kI pradhAnatA kahI jAtI hai / paryAyArthikanaya se 'sat' Adi pada kI zakti kA jJAna anyApoha meM arthAt tattat vyakti meM hotA hai, usa se abheda kA bodha nahIM ho sakatA hai / aneka dharmAtmaka vastu kA abheda karane meM hI pramANavAkya kA tAtparya hotA hai / isa tAtparya kI upapatti, jaba taka sat Adi pada kI lakSaNA abheda meM na hogI, taba taka siddha nahIM hotI hai, isalie abheda meM lakSaNA karanA Avazyaka hotA hai, usI lakSaNa ko abhedopacAra bhI kahate haiM / isa abhedopacAra se bhI vastu ke samasta dharmoM kA jJAna eka kAla meM hotA hai / isataraha do prakAra abheda yA abhedopacAra se pratyeka bhaMga sakalAdeza kahA jAtA hai / jisa samaya vastu ke ananta dharmoM meM pradhAnarUpa se bheda athavA bhedopacAra rahatA hai usa samaya taka zabda se vastu meM ananta dharmo kA eka kAla meM pratipAdana nahIM ho sakatA hai, isa hetu se una ananta dharme kA krama se hA pratipAdana hotA hai| ataH krama se vastu ke aneka dharmo kA pratipAdana jisa vAkya se hotA hai, vaha vAkya "vikalAdeza" kahA jAtA hai / " vikalAdeza" naya vAkya ko kahate haiM / jaba astitvAdi vastudharmo meM kAlAdi ke bheda se bhedavivakSA rahatI hai, usa samaya kisI bhI zabda kI aneka artha ke bodha karAne meM zakti nahIM rahatI hai isalie vikalAdeza arthAt naya vAkya una arthoM kA pRthaka bodha karAtA hai / isa prakAra sakalAdezarUpa saptabhaMgI ko pramANavAkya aura vikalA dezarUpa saptabhaMgI ko nayavAkya kahate haiM / kAlAdi aSTaka isa prakAra haiM, kAla, AtmarUpa, artha, sambandha, upakAra, guNideza, saMsarga aura zabda, jina se pramANavAkya se abheda vivakSA karake bodha hotA hai aura

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172 upA. yazovijayaracite nayavAkya se bheda vivakSA karake bodha hotA hai / kAla:-'jIvAdi vastu kathaJcit astitvarUpa hI hai aisA vAkyaprayoga karane para jIva meM jisa samaya astitva dharma kI sthiti rahatI hai, usI samaya dUsare bhI ananta dharmA kI sthiti jIva Adi meM rahatI hai, ataH abhinnakAla kI apekSA se astitva aura tadanya dharmo meM abheda mAnakara tathAvidha ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA pratipAdana jisa vAkya se hotA hai vaha vAkya sakalAdeza kahA jAtA hai| AtmarUpaH-jo astitva kA AtmarUpa jIvaguNatvAtmaka hai. vahI jIvagaNatva anya jJAnAdi kA bhI AtmarUpa hai, isalie AtmarUpa se jIva ke sabhI guNoM meM abheda hotA hai| ___arthaH-arthapada se astitvAdi dharmA kA dravyarUpa AdhAra vivakSita hai, astitva kA AdhAra jo jIvAdirUpa dravya hai vahI anya dharmo kA bhI AdhAra hai, isalie AdhArarUpa artha se bhI sabhI dharmA meM abheda siddha hotA hai| - 4sambandha-saMbandha pada se aviSvagbhAva arthAt apRthakbhAvarUpa saMbandha vivakSita hai, jo dharmo meM dharmI ke sAtha rahatA hai, vaha kathaJcida tAdAtmyarUpa hai / usa saMbandha se jaise astitva jIvAdi dravya meM rahatA hai, vaise anyadharma bhI usI saMbandha se vahA~ rahate haiM, isalie sambandha ke abheda se jIvAdigata sabhI dharmoM meM abheda rahatA hai| paupakAraH-astitvarUpa dharma se dharmI meM svaprakAraka buddhi viSayatvarUpa jo upakAra hotA hai, vahI upakAra anya dharmo se bhI jIvAdirUpa dharmI meM hotA hai, kyoMki dUsare dharma bhI dharmI para svaprakAraka buddhi viSayatvarUpa upakAra ko karate haiM, isalie upakAra ke abheda se jIvAdigata sabhI dharmo kA abheda hotA hai| guNidezaH-guNidravya ko kahate haiM, usa kA sambandhi deza vahI hotA hai jisa kSetra meM dravya rahatA ho / astitvarUpa dharma vAlA dravya jisa deza meM rahatA hai, usA deza meM anya dharma vAlA dravya rahatA hai isalie sabhI dharmoM kA guNi deza vaha eka dravya hotA hai, ataH sabhI dharmoM ke guNi kA kSetrarUpa deza eka hai, isalie kSetrarUpa guNideza ke abheda se dravyagata sabhI dharmoM kA abheda hotA hai / / saMsargaH- astitvAdi kisI dharma kA jo vastu ke sAtha saMsarga hotA hai, vahI maMsarga vastagata anya dharmo kA bhI vastu ke sAtha hotA hai isalie sabhI dharmo kA vastu ke sAtha saMsarga eka hI siddha hotA hai, ataH saMsarga ke abheda se dharmA kA abheda siddha hotA hai| yahA~ zaMkA honA sahaja hai ki-'sambandha aura saMsarga ina donoM zabdoM kA artha eka hI hotA hai, taba kAlAdi meM sambandha aura saMsarga ina donoM ke grahaNa se punarukti kyoM kI jAtI hai ?'-isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki sambandha pada se kathaJcit tAdAtmyarUpa avizvagabhAva kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, isalie vahA~ abheda pradhAna aura bheda gauNa rahatA hai, isalie pradhAnabhUta sambandha ke abheda se dharmo kA abheda' vahA~ siddha hotA hai| "saMsarga' pada se tAdAtmya bhinna sambandha kI vivakSA hai, isalie yahA~ bheda pradhAna aura abheda apradhAna hai, ataH saMsarga apradhAnIbhUta abheda ko lekara dravyagata dharmoM kA abheda siddha karatA hai| yaha vizeSa hone ke kAraNa sambandha aura sasarga meM punarukti doSa nahIM AtA hai|

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nayarahasye sAmpratanayaH 173 athavA liMgavacanasaMkhyA dibhedenArthabhedAbhyupagamA jusUtrAdasya vizeSaH / ayaM khalvetasyAzayaH-yadi RjusUtreNa zabdaH-vAcakazabda ke abheda se bhI vastugata dhamoM kA abheda siddha hotA hai / jaise -astitva dharmAtmaka vastu kA vAcaka jo "asti' zabda hotA hai vahI asti zabda anya ananta dharmAtmaka vastu kA bhI vAcaka hotA hai, isalie astirUpavAcaka zabda ke abheda se vastugata ananta dharmoM meM abheda siddha hotA hai| paryAyArthikanaya kI gauNatA aura dravyArthikanaya kI pradhAnatA kI vivakSA hotI hai, taba una vastugata dharmo meM kAlAdi kI apekSA se abheda bhAsita hotA hai| jaba "dravyArthikanaya" meM gauNatA aura "paryAyArthikanaya" meM pradhAnatA kI vivakSA hotI hai, taba to dharmo meM bheda hI bhAsita hotA hai / taba eka zabda se aneka dharmoM kA pratipAdana nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie krama se hI pratipAdana hotA hai, usI kA "vikalAdeza" zabda se vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| vikalAdeza nayAtmaka hotA hai, usa meM bheda kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai, athavA bheda kA upacAra rahatA hai| yahA~ zaMkA uThe ki-"sAmpratanaya" yadi saptabhaGgI kA svIkAra kare, to usa meM bhI pramANatva kA prasa'ga hogA taba "sAmpratanaya" meM "syAdvAditA' kA prasaMga AyegA kyoMki ukta rIti se saptabhaGgI yukta sampUrNa vastu ko syAvAdI hI mAnate haiM / syAdvAdI aura pramANavAkya ye donoM pada eka artha ke bodhaka hote hai / naya vAkya to pramANavAkya na hone ke kAraNa syAdvAparUpa nahIM mAnA jAtA hai| isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki "sAmprata naya' meM saptabhaMgI kA jo pradarzana bhAvyakAra ne kiyA hai, usa kA tAtparya yaha nahIM mAnanA cAhie ki sAmpratanaya bhI saptamaga parikarita sampUrNa vastu ko svIkAra karatA hai, isalie pramANavAkya hai; kintu "ahava paccapanno" ityAdi bhASya kA tAtparya "RjusUtra" kI apekSayA sAmpratanaya meM kyA vizeSa hai, isa ko spaSTa karane meM hai / "RjasUtra" sadabhAva aura asadabhAva se avizeSita vartamAna kumbhamAtra grAhI hai aura "sAmpratanaya' sadbhAva aura asadabhAva ina donoM meM se kisI eka se vizeSita kumbha kA grAhaka hai| sAta meM se kisI eka bhaga dvArA sadabhAva aura asadabhAva ina donoM meM se anyatara kA ka hone ke kAraNa hI "sAmpratanaya" meM RjasUtra kI apekSA se sAmprata kA vizeSitatara abhyupagama dikhAyA gayA hai / yaha sampradAya hai arthAt jainAcAryo kI paramparA hai / [liMgAdibheda se arthabheda svIkAra-sAmprata kI vizeSatA ] [athavA liGga] avizeSita artha grAhI RjusUtra ke abhyupagama kI apekSA se vizeSitatara arthagrAhitA hI sAmprata kI vizeSatA hai, isa ko anya prakAra se bhI batAnA hai / vaha prakAra yaha hai : liGga, vacana aura sakhyA Adi kA bheda rahane para bhI RjusUtra artha kA nahIM mAnatA hai| sAmpratanaya to liGga, vacana, saMkhyA Adi ke bheda se artha kA bheda mAnatA hai| jaise-"taTaH taTI taTam" yahA~ sAmpratanaya ko tInoM zabdoM kA artha bhinna bhinna abhimata hai / "guruH, guravaH" yahA~ ekavacana bahuvacana ke bheda se donoM zabdoM ke artha meM

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174 upA. yazovijayaracite palAlaM na dahatyagnirbhidyate na ghaTaH kvacit // nAsaMyataH pravrajati, bhavyo'siddho na sidhyati // 1 // " bheda hai kyoMki dhvani kA bheda ina meM rahatA hai, jaisA dhvani rahatA hai vaisA hI artha sAmprata ko iSTa hai| isataraha bhI RjusUtra kI apekSA se vizeSitatara artha kA grAhI sAmpratanaya siddha hotA hai / yaha vizeSa bhI bhASyakAra kA sammata hI hai| vizeSAvazyaka bhASya kI nimnalikhita gAthAoM kA paryAlocana karane para yaha vizeSa sphuTatayA avagata hotA hai "vatthamavisesao vA ja' sinnAbhinnaliGgavayaNaMpi / icchai riusuttanao vise siyayarataya saho // 2233 // [vastvavizeSato vA yada bhinna bhinnaliGgavacanamapi / icchati RjasUtranayo vizeSitatara tat zabdaH // 2233 // ] dhaNibheyAo bheotthIpu liGgabhihANavaccANaM / paDa-kubhANaM jao va teNAbhinnatthamiThata // 2234 // [dhvanibhedAta bhedaH strI-puliGgAbhidhAnavAcyAnAm / paTa-kumbhAnAmiva yatastenAbhinnArtha miSTa tat // 2234 // ] bhinna liGgaka zabda ho yA abhinna liGgaka zabda ho, evam, bhinna vibhaktivAlA zabda ho yA samAna vibhaktivAlA zabda ho, to bhI jisa vastu ko "RjusUtranaya" avizeSita mAnatA hai, arthAt abhinna mAnatA hai, usI artha ko "sAmprata naya" bhinnaliGgavAle athavA bhinnavacanavAle zabda se bodhya hone para vizeSitatara arthAt bhinnabhinna mAnatA hai / (2233) / jaise "paTa, zabda aura 'kumbha' zabdarUpa dhvani ke bheda se artha kA bheda hotA hai, vaise hI strIliGga, puliGa, napusakaliMga, 'taTaH taTI, taTama' ina abhidhAnoM ke bheda se artho kA bheda hai kyoMki yahA~ bhI dhvani kA bheda hotA hai, aisI sAmprata kI mAnyatA hai, / parantu RjusUtra to dhvani ke bheda rahane para bhI "taTaH, taTI, taTama," "guruH, guravaH" ityAdi sthala meM arthoM kA abheda hI mAnatA hai| (2234) / ina gAthAoM ke artha para vicAra karane se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki RjusUtra liMgAdi ke bheda rahane para bhI avizeSita arthagrAhI hai aura sAmpratanaya liMgAdi ke bheda rahane para vizeSitatara artha kA grAhI hotA hai| (artha khalvetasya0) sAmpratanaya kA Azaya yaha hai ki "palAlaM na dahatyagni'-tRNa ko agni nahIM jalAtA, ghaTa kahIM nahIM phUTatA, asaMyata sAdhu nahIM banatA, asiddha bhavya siddha nahIM hotAityAdi prAcIna AcArya ke vacanAnusAra palAla jaba taka palAla paryAya ko prApta hotA rahatA hai| taba taka palAla hI rahatA hai, jaba palAla bhasmabhAva ko prApta hotA hai, taba palAla paryAya se rahita hokara bhasmaparyAya yukta bana jAtA hai, isalie jaba taka palAlabhAva usa meM rahatA hai, taba taka usa ko agni dagdha nahIM karatA hai, ataH "palAla agninA dahyate" yaha jo "vyavahAranaya" ke anusAra prayoga hotA hai, vaha asaMgata hai| kAraNa, bAdha se zAbdabodha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki usa vAkya meM "dahyate" pada kriyApada hai / sabhI kriyApada vikArArthaka hote haiM, isalie yaha kriyApada bhI dAharUpa vikArArthaka hai / "daha-bhasmIkaraNe"

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175 nayarahasye samabhirUDhanaya ityAda vikArAsvikArAdyarthaka kriyAnAmAdipadAnAM sAmAnAdhikaraNyAnupapattyA vyavahArAbhimatazAbdabodhasAmagrI vighaTanena bhinnArthakalpanA svIkriyate tadA liGgAdibhede'pi zAbdasAmAnAdhikaraNyAnupapacyA kiM na tathAkalpane abhinivazyata iti // asya copadarzitato bhAvanikSepa evAbhimataH ||5|| "asaGkrama gaveSaNaparo'dhyavAsAya vizeSaH hoi avatthU e sabhimarUDhe / / ti / / " [ anu0 samabhirUDhaH " / "vatthUo saMkamaNaM, 152] sUtram / "satsvartheSvasaGkramaH isa dhAtu pATha ke anusAra 'daha" dhAtu kA artha kisI vastu ko bhasma kara denA hai / jo vastu bhasma bana jAtI hai, vaha apane pUrva paryAya ko chor3akara bhasmaparyAya ko prApta karatI hai, yahI usa vastu meM vikAra hai / ataH "dahyate" yaha kriyApada vikArArthaka kahA jAtA hai / ukta vAkya meM "palAla" pada nAma pada hai, vaha avikArArthaka mAnA jAtA hai, kyoMki, jabataka palAla dravya, palAla paryAya se yukta rahatA hai taba taka avikRta svarUpa meM hI rahatA hai / avikRta svarUpa palAla kA vAcaka hone ke kAraNa palAlarUpa nAma avikArArthaka mAnA jAtA hai / "palAla' dahyate" isa vAkya meM palAla pada avikArArthaka hai aura dahyate pada vikArArthaka hai, isalie donoM padoM meM ekArtha bodhakatvarUpa sAmAnAdhikaraNya nahIM rahatA hai / pravRtti nimitta ke bheda rahane para jo do pada eka artha ke bodhaka banate hoM, ve do pada hI paraspara samAnAdhikaraNa mAne jAte haiM / "palAlaM dahyate" isa vAkya meM padoM ke artha meM sAmAnAdhikaraNya na hone ke kAraNa vyavahArAbhimata zAbdabodha nahIM ho sakatA hai / kAraNa, padoM meM ekArthabodhakatvarUpa sAmagrI kA yahA~ vighaTana ho jAtA hai, kyoMki donoM pada bhinnArthaka haiM / isataraha RjusUtra arthabheda mAnatA ho to liMga, vacana Adi ke bheda rahane para bhI zabdoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya nahIM hotA hai, isalie liMgAdi ke bheda se arthabheda kI kalpanA meM RjusUtra agraha kyoM nahIM rakhatA hai ? nAma ghaTAdi jalAharaNa Adi arthakriyAkArI nahIM hote haiM isalie kumbha zabda ke vAcyArtha ve nahIM hote haiM, kintu kambugrIvAdimAn aura jalAharaNAdi arthakriyA ko karanevAlA jo ghaTa vahI kumbhAdi zabda ke vAcya hote haiM, ataH kevala isa prakAra kA bhAvanikSepa hI sAmpratanaya ko abhimata hai / nAma, dravya, sthApanA yaha nikSepatraya sAmpratanaya ko abhimata nahIM hai / (sAmpratanaya samApta ) [ samabhirUDhanaya - sadbhUta arthoM me asaMkrama ] ( asaMkrama) ghaTapaTAdi arthoM kA, tathA ghaTazabdavAcya viziSTa ceSTAyukta artha evaM kutsita puraNarUpa "kumbha' zabda vAcya artha, tathA kauTilyaviziSTa kuTa zabda vAcya artho kA saMkramaNa na ho isataraha ke gaveSaNa arthAt zodhana meM tatpara rahatA ho, aise abhiprAya vizeSa ko "samabhirUDha" kahA jAtA hai / 'ghaTAdirUpa jisa saMjJA kA uccAraNa hotA hai, usI saMjJA para jo samyag abhirohaNa kareM' vaha "samabhirUDha" zabda kA artha hai / Azaya yaha hai ki jo zabda uccarita hotA hai, vaha zabda usa ke vyutpatti artha meM hI pramANarUpa hotA hai / isa ke mata meM vyutpatti nimitta hI pravRtti nimitta mAnA jAtA hai, isalie

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upA. yazovijaya racite samabhirUDha" iti tatvArthabhASyam / tattvaM ca yadyapi na saMjJAbhedenArtha bhedAbhyupagantRtvam, ghaTapaTAdisaMjJAbhedena naigamAdibhirapyartha medAbhyupagamAt tathApi saMjJAbhedaniyatArtha - bhedAbhyupagantRtvaM tat / evambhUtAnyatva vizeSaNAcca na tatrAtivyAptiH // 176 ghaTa zabda se vAcya jo artha vaha kuTa kumbha Adi zabdoM se vAcya nahIM hotA hai / yahI hetu hai ki " samabhirUDhanaya" paryAya zabdoM ko nahIM mAnatA hai / yadi paryAya zabda mAnA jAya to aneka paryAya zabdoM kA vAcya-artha eka hogA, taba ghaTazabdavAcya artha meM kumbhAdizabdavAcya arthoM kA saMkrama hogA, isa se eka zabda se vAcya vastu anya zabdoM ke vAcyArtha se abhinna bana jAyagI, taba ghaTAdirUpa artha meM paTazabdavAcya artha kA bhI saMkrama hogA / isa sthiti meM "yaha ghaTa hai yA paTa hai" isa taraha ke saMzaya kA prasaMga AyegA / athavA "ghaTa meM yaha paTa hai" isa taraha ke viparIta nizcayarUpa viparvaya kA prasaMga AvegA / athavA "paTAdi meM ghaTAdi kA adhyavasAya hone se ghaTapaTAdi artho meM ekatA kA prasaMga hogA / athavA mecakamaNi meM jaise aneka rUpoM kI sauMkIrNatA rahatI hai vaise ghaTapaTAdi artho meM saMkIrNatA kI Apatti hogii| ina doSoM kI nivRtti ke lie samabhirUDha ko ghaTa - kumbha -kuTa ye tInoM zabda bhinna bhinna artha ke vAcaka mAnanA iSTa hai / aisA mAnane para pUrvakti saMzaya viparyaya Adi doSa nahIM upasthita hote haiM kyoMki vastu meM vastvantara kA saMkramaNa nahIM hotA hai / zabdanaya to paryAyabhUta aneka zabdoM kA eka vAcyArtha mAnatA hai, isalie usa meM lakSaNa kI ativyApti kA prasaGga nahIM hai / naigama, vyavahAra, saMgraha aura RjusUtra bhI zabdanaya ke jaise hI aneka paryAyoM kA vAcya eka artha mAnate haiM, isalie una nayoM meM bhI samabhirUDa lakSaNa kI ativyApti nahIM hai / isa lakSaNa meM "samabhirUDha" pada lakSaNa kA ates hai aura avaziSTa do pada lakSaNa ke nirdezaka haiM / svakathita lakSaNa ko pramANita karane ke lie granthakArane niyuktikAra kA vacana yahA~ uddhRta kiyA hai-vatthUo saMkamaNaM ityAdi [ " vastunaH saMkramaNaM bhavati avastu naye samabhirUDhe"] samabhirUDanaya meM eka vastu kA saMkramaNa anyavastu meM nahIM hotA hai, yaha sUtrArtha hai / yadyapi isa sUtra meM saMkramaNaniSedha ke lie abhAvabodhaka " naJAdi" pada kA prayoga nahIM hai, tathApi " avastu" pada se hI niSedharUpa artha kA saMketa milatA hai / saMkramaNa avastu hai, aisA kahane se saMkramaNa kA niSedha pratIta ho jAtA hai / vizeSAvazyaka meM isa sUtra kI vyAkhyA * davvaM pajjAo vA vatthu vayaNaMtarAbhidheyaM jaM / na tadannavatthubhAvaM saMkamae saMkaro mA bhU || 2237 || isa gAthA se kI gaI hai / dravyapada se kumbha-kuTa Adi vivakSita haiM / paryAyapada se kumbhAdigata varNa Adi vivakSita haiM || vyAkhyA kA tAtparya yaha hai ki prastuta ghaTAdipada se bhinna jo kumbhAdi pada, usa kA vAcya jo kumbhAdi vastu, vaha ghaTAdizabda vAcya vastu (bhAva) meM saMkramaNa nahIM karatA hai, kyoMki "saMkara" Adi doSa upasthita hote haiM / "saMkara" Adi doSa kaise Ate haiM aura kaise una kA nivAraNa hotA hai, isa kA vivaraNa pUrva meM lakSaNa kI * dravya paryAyo vA vastu vacanAntarAbhiveyaM yat / tadanyavastubhAva saMkrAmati saMkaro mA bhUt // 2237 //

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nayarahasye sabhabhirUDhaH 177 vyAkhyA meM batAyA gayA hai, ataH yahA~ usa kA punaH vivaraNa honA Avazyaka nahIM hai / isa vyAkhyA gAthA meM to niSedhabodhaka "na" pada spaSTarUpa se paThita hai hI / ataH sUtra meM "avastu" pada kA tAtparya niSedharUpa artha meM lagAnA saMgata hai| isa sUtra aura vyAkhyA se paka vastu kA anya vastu meM saMkramaNa kA niSedha siddha hotA hai, jisa kA granthakAra ne "asakrama gaveSaNa" zabda se saMketa kiyA hai / granthakAra yahA~ tattvArthAdhigama sUtra (135) ke bhASya kA bhI uddharaNa karate haiM / "satsu artheSu asaMkramaH mamabhirUDhaH" isa kA artha yaha hai ki vartamAna paryAyApanna ghaTAdirUpa artho meM ghaTAdi zabdoM kA apanA artha choDakara ke anya artho meM saMkrama arthAt gamana nahIM hotA hai / jaise ghaTazabda kA saMketa vidyamAna ceSTAtmaka ghaTarUpa svArtha ko choDakara kuTa kumbha Adi artha kA abhidhAna nahIM karate haiM kyoMki kuTa-kumbha Adi artha ghaTa zabda kA abhidheya nahIM hai| yadi kuTa-kumbhAdi artha bhI ghaTa zabda kA abhidheya bana jAya to sarvasaMkarAdi doSa upasthita hoMge, isalie eka zabda se abhidheya artha usa se anya zabda kA abhidheya nahIM hotA hai / isa prakAra tatvArtha bhASya se bhI granthakAra ke lakSaNa meM savAda prApta ho jAtA hai / [ naigamAdinayoM meM ativyApti ke nivAraNa kA upAya ] (tattvaM ca0) granthakAra yahA~ navya nyAya kA vizeSa vicAra prastuta karate haiM-ghaTapaTAdi zabdoM meM artha kA sakrama nagamAdinaya bhI nahIM mAnate haiM, isalie una meM bhI pUrvoktalakSaNa kI ativyApti hogI / isa kA vAraNa karane ke lie "sajJAbheda se artha bheda kA svIkAra karanA" aisA lakSaNa mAnA jAya to vaha bhI ThIka nahIM hogA, kyoMki naigamAdi naya, yadyapi "ghaTa-kuTa-kumbha" Adi saMjJAoM ke bheda rahane para ghaTAdirUpa artha meM bheda nahIM mAnate haiM, tathApi ghaTapaTAdirUpa saMjJA ke bheda se ghaTapaTAdirUpa artho meM bheda ko mAnate hI haiM, isalie ativyApti tadavastha rahatI hai / ataH "sajJAbheda se niyata artha bheda kA svIkAra karanA" yaha lakSaNa yadi mAnA jAya to, ativyApti nahIM hogI, kyoMki naigamAdi naya ghaTapaTAdirUpa sajJA ke bheda se artha kA bheda yadyapi mAnate haiM to bhI ghaTa-kuTa-kumbha Adi saMjJA kA bheda hone para ghaTakuTAdi artha meM bheda nahIM mAnate haiM / ataH naigamAdi se svIkRta artha bheda sajJAbheda kA niyata arthAt vyApaka nahIM banatA hai| isalie ativyApti kA sambhava naigamAdi meM nahIM hotA hai| to bhI "evambhUta naya' meM ativyApti kA sambhava rahatA hI hai, kyoMki saMjJA ke bheda se artha kA bheda samabhirUDha ke jaise evambhUta naya bhI mAnatA hai / evambhUta ke mata meM ghaTa, kuTa, kumbha Adi sajJA ke bheda se ghaTa, kuTa Adi artho meM bheda mAnA jAtA hai, ataH 'sajJAbheda vyApaka artha bheda kA svIkAra' yaha lakSaNa "evambhUta" meM bhI ghaTatA hai / isalie "evambhUtAnyatva" yaha vizeSaNa ukta lakSaNa meM lagA karake ativyApti kA vAraNa ho sakatA hai| isa sthiti meM "evambhUta naya se bhinna aura sajJAbhedaniyatArthabheda mAnanevAlA' yaha samabhirUDha kA lakSaNa niSpanna hotA hai / evambhUta meM sajJAbheda se artha bheda kA svIkAra hai, isalie lakSaNagata vizeSyAMza vahA~ ghaTatA hai, to bhI "evambhUtAnyatvarUpa" vizeSaNAMza nahIM ghaTatA hai kyoMki sva meM sva kA bheda nahIM mAnA jAtA hai, ataH evambhUta kA bheda nahIM rahatA 23

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upA. yazovijayaracite ayaM khalvasyAbhimAnaH yaduta yadi zabdo liMgAdibhedenArtha bhedaM pratipadyate tarhi saMjJAbhedenApi kimityarthabheda na svIkurute ? ' anuzAsanabalAd ghaTakuTAdizabdAnAmekatra saGketagrahAditi cet ? RjusUtreNai[?]va tenAnyathAgRhIto'pi saMketo vizeSaparyAlocanayA kimiti na parityajyate ! atha yena rUpeNa yatpadArthabodhastenaiva hai, ataH vizeSaNAMza evambhUta meM ghaTamAna na hone se pariSkRta lakSaNa kI ativyApti kA prasaGga nahIM rahatA / yahA~ yaha dhyAna rakhanA cAhie ki zabdabheda se arthabheda ko mAnanevAle samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ina donoM nayoM ko paryAya zabda mAnya nahIM hai / paryAya kA lakSaNa hai " abhinnapravRttinimittAnAM zabdAnAM ekArthabodhakatvaM paryAyatvam" yaha lakSaNa ina do nayoM kI dRSTi se ghaTa - kuTa-kumbha Adi zabda jo paraspara paryAyarUpa se vyavahRta hote haiM, una meM nahIM ghaTatA hai kyoMki ghaTa-kuTa-kumbha Adi zabdoM kA pravRttinimitta eka ghaTarUpa artha nahIM hai. kintu ghaTa zabda kA pravRtti nimitta ceSTAzrayatva, kuTapada pravRttinimitta kauTilyAzrayatva aura kumbha pada kA pravRttinimitta pUraNAzrayatva haiM / pravRttinimitta tathA vyutpattinimitta meM bheda bhI ina ko mAnya nahIM hai / vyutpattinimitta hI ina ke mata meM pravRttinimitta bhI hai / ' vAcyatve sati vAcyavRttitve sati vAcyopasthitiprakAratAzrayatvarUpa pravRttinimittatva" jo anyanayoM ko mAnya hai, vaha ina donoM ko mAnya nahIM hai, kintu ghaTa-kuTAdi zabda meM jo mUlabhUta dhAtu ke artha hote haiM, tadAzrayatvarUpa vyutpattinimitta hI pravRttinimitta mAnA gayA hai, isalie sajJA ke bheda se artha kA bheda ina ke mata meM siddha hotA hai / 178 [ saMjJA bheda se arthabheda meM gUDhAzaya ] [ ayaM khalu ] samabhirUDha kA yaha abhimAna hai ki strItva, puMstvAdi liMga ke bheda se artha kA bheda yadi zabdanaya mAnatA hai, tathA ekavacana bahuvacana ke bheda se yadi arthabheda mAnatA hai to saMjJA ke bheda se bhI arthabheda use mAnanA cAhie / sajJA ke bheda se arthabheda ko nahIM svIkAra karanA yaha sAMprata kA haThAgraha mAtra haiM, prAmANika nahIM haiM / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "ghaTa, kuTa, kumbha Adi zabdoM ke eka hI artha meM saMketa kA jJAna koza Adi anuzAsanoM se siddha hai, isalie saMjJA kA bheda rahane para bhI arthabheda na mAnanA yaha prAmANika hI hai / " to yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki vyavahAranaya ke anukUla anuzAsana ke bala se ghaTAdi zabdoM kA ghaTatvAdidharmAvacchinna bhUta, varttamAna, bhaviSyat sakala ghaToM meM zaktigraha hone para bhI vizeSa vicAra karane para usa saMketa ko RjusUtra jaise tyAga detA hai aura varttamAna ghaTAdirUpa artha meM hI ghaTAdi pada kA saMketa mAnatA hai, usI taraha "sAmpratanaya" ko bhI ghaTakuTAdi zabdoM kA kozAdi anuzAsana ke dvArA ghaTarUpa eka artha meM jo saMketagraha hotA hai, vizeSa vicAra karane para, usa kA tyAga kara ke kuTAdi zabdoM kA kriyAbheda se bhinna bhinna arthoM meM saMketa mAnanA cAhie - yahI ucita hai /

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nayarahasye samabhirUDhanayaH rUpeNa tatpadazaktiH , bhavati ca ghaTapadAdiva kuTapadAdapi ghaTatvenaivArthabodha iti ghaTakuTapadayoH paryAyatvameva yuktamiti cet ? na, ghaTanakuTanAdivibhinna kriyApuraskAreNaiva ghaTakuTAdipadebhyo'rthabodhAt / teSAmarthabhedaniyamAdasamAnAdhikaraNapadatvApekSayAlAghavAd bhinnapadatvAvacchedenaiva bhinnArthatvakalpanAt paryAyapadA'prasiddheH / "vyutpattyarthabodha vinApi dRzyate padArthabodha" iti cet ? na, anyatra viparItavyutpannAttada siddheH / "hanta ! evaM pAribhASikazabdasyAnarthakatvamApannami"ti cet ? Apannameva, kiM hanteti pUtkAreNa ? taduktam-"tatra paribhASikI nArthatattva brviitii"ti| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"jisa padArtha kA jisa rUpa se bodha jisa pada ke dvArA hotA hai, usa pada kI zakti usI rUpa se usa artha meM mAnanI cAhie / jaise ghaTapada se ghaTarUpa artha kA bodha ghaTatvarUpa se hotA hai, vase hI kuTapada se bhI ghaTarUpa artha kA bodha ghaTatvarUpa se hI hotA hai, aisA anubhava hai, isalie ghaTa aura kuTa ina donoM padoM kA eka hI artha mAnanA yukta hai aura ina donoM padoM meM paryAyatva ko svIkAra karanA hI yukta hai / padabheda se arthabheda mAnanA yukta nahIM hai"| parantu yaha kahanA saMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki ghaTa zabda se ghaTanakriyA ke puraskAra se ceSTAzraya ghaTa kA bodha hotA hai aura kuTa pada se kuTanakriyA ke puraskAra se kauTilyayukta ghaTa kA bodha hotA hai, ekarUpa se donoM padoM se ghaTa kA bodha hotA hI nahIM hai, isalie ghaTa, kuTa ina donoM padoM meM paryAyatA ko mAnanA anubhavaviruddha hai| vastusthiti to yaha hai ki ghaTakuTAdi padoM meM paryAyatA ho hI nahIM sakatI hai, isalie paryAyazabda hai hI nahIM, usa kI aprasiddhi hai| kAraNa, "jo jo asamAnAdhikaraNapada haiM, ve ve bhinnArthaka haiM" isa niyama ko mAnane kI apekSA "jo jo bhinna pada hai, ve sabhI bhinnArthaka haiM" isa niyama kI kalpanA meM lAghava hai / asamAnAdhikaraNapadatva ko bhinnArthakatAvacchedaka mAnane kI apekSA se bhinnapadatva ko hI bhinnArthatAvacchedaka mAnane meM lAghava hai / asamAnAdhikaraNa padatva ko bhinnArthatAvacchedaka mAnane ke pakSa meM ghaTapaTAdi pada meM hI bhinnArthatva siddha hotA hai kyoMki "bhinnapravRtti nimittAnAM zabdAnAM bhinnArthabodhakatva' asamAnAdhikaraNyam" yaha asamAnAdhikaraNya kA lakSaNa ghaTapada aura paTapada meM ghaTatA hai, kyoMki ghaTapada ghaTatvarUpa pravRttinimitta ke dvArA ghaTarUpa artha kA bodhaka hotA hai aura paTapada paTarUpa artha kA bodhaka hotA hai / ghaTakuTAdi pada meM ghaTatvarUpa eka pravRttinimitta dvArA arthabodhakatA mAnane para ghaTakuTAdi padoM kA arthabheda siddha nahIM ho sakegA, isalie bhinnapadatva ko hI bhinnArthatAvacchedaka mAnanA yogya hai kyoMki asamAnAdhikaraNapadatvApekSayA bhinnapadatva kA zarIra lAghubhUta hone se lAdhava hotA hai aura ghaTakuTa Adi padoM meM bhinnArthakatva bhI siddha hotA hai, kyoMki asamAnAdhikaraNa padatyApekSayA bhinnapadatva kA zarIra laghubhUta hone se lAghava hotA hai aura ghaTakuTa Adi padoM meM bhinnArthakatva bhI siddha hotA hai, kyoMki, ghaTakuTAdi padoM meM paraspara bheda rahatA hai| isa rIti se "paryAya" pada mAnane kI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM rahatI hai|

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180 upA. yazovijayaracite ___ yaha AzaMkA uTha sakatI hai ki-"ghaTapada se ceSTAzrayarUpa vyutpattyartha kA bodha na rahane para bhI ghaTatvarUpa se ghaTa kA bodha hotA hai| vaise hI kuTapada kA vyutpattyartha jo kauTilya kA Azraya, usa kA bodha hue vinA bhI ghaTatvarUpa se ghaTa kA bodha hotA hai, ataH vyutpatti nimitta aura pravRttinimitta ina danoM meM bheda hI mAnA caahie| taba to ghaTakuTAdi padoM meM paryAyatA hI siddha hogii| isa sthiti meM ghaTakuTAdi pada ke artha meM bheda siddha nahIM gA?"-parantu, yaha AzaMkA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jisa vyakti ko pUrNarUpase vyutpatti huI rahatI hai, usa ko ghaTapada se ceSTAzrayatvarUpa se hI ghaTarUpa artha meM saMketa kA jJAna hotA hai aura ceSTAzrayatvarUpa se hI bodha bhI hotA hai / tathA kuTapada se kauTilyayogitvarUpa se ghaTa meM zaktijJAna hotA hai aura kauTilyayukta ghaTa kA bodha hotA hai| jisa ko pUrNarUpa se vyutpatti nahIM hai, usa ko ghaTatvarUpa se ghaTarUpa artha meM viparIta saMketa jJAna ke dvArA ghaTakuTAdi zabda se ghaTatvarUpa se ghaTa kA bodha hotA bhI haiM parantu usa se artha kI vyavasthA siddha nahIM hai| yadi viparItazakti kA jJAna ghaTarUpa artha meM rahatA hai to paTapada se bhI ghaTarUpa artha kA bodha hotA hai, evam paTarUpa artha me ghaTapada kA viparIta zaktijJAna jisa ko hai, usa vyakti ko ghaTa pada se paTarUpa artha kA bodha hotA hai| ina bodhoM meM bhI arthavyavasthApakatva ho jAyagA, taba ghaTapada meM paTapadArthakatA kA prasaMga hogA aura paTapada meM ghaTapadArthakatA kA prasaMga hogA, tathA ghaTa-paTa ina donoM padoM meM paryAyatA kA prasaMga hogA, isalie vyutpattyarthabodha ke binA bhI viparIta saMketagraha se ghaTakuTAdi padoM ke dvArA ghaTatvarUpa se ghaTarUpa artha kA bodha mAnakara ghaTakuTAdi padoM meM paryAyatA kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai aura pUrNavyutpatti yukta puruSa meM vyutpattyartha bodha ke vinA padArthabodha kI siddhi bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai| yadi kahA jAya ki-"vyutpattinimitta ceSTAzrayatva-kauTilyAzrayatva Adi ke dvArA hI ghaTakuTAdi zabdoM se padArthabodha samabhirUDhanaya yadi mAnegA to usa ke mata meM pAribhASika zabdoM meM anarthakatA kA prasaMga AvegA / jaise-samabhirUDha ke mata se "guNapada" guNaNakriyAzrayatvena gugaNakriyAyukta padArtha kA bodhaka bnegaa| vRddhipada varddhana kriyA yogitvarUpa se varddhanakriyAzraya kA bodhaka bnegaa| "vaiyAkaraNa loga" 'a, e, o' ina tIna varNA, kI 'guNa' pAribhASikI saMjJA dete hai, isalie 'a, e, o' ina tInoM vargoM meM "guNa" zabda ko vaiyAkaraNa loga pAribhASika mAnate haiM / guNaNakriyA kA yoga to una varNA meM kucha dekhane meM AtA nahIM hai, isalie guNa yaha pAribhASika zabda samabhirUDha kI mAnyatA ke anusAra anarthaka bana jAyagA / pavam vayAkaraNa loga "A, ai, au" ina tInoM varNA ke lie vRddhi aisI pAribhASika saMjJA karate haiM, isalie una tInoM varNA kA vAcaka 'vRddhi' zabda pAribhASika mAnA jAtA hai / samabhirUDha ke mata meM vRddhizabda varddhanakriyAyukta artha kA hI vAcaka banegA, kyoMki vyutpatti nimitta se hI pada meM arthavAcakatA isa ko mAnya hai| "A, ai, au" ina tInoM vargoM meM varddhanakriyA kA yoga to dekhane meM AtA nahIM hai, isalie vaiyAkaraNoM kA pAribhASika vRddhizabda anarthaka bana jAyegA, yaha kheda kI bAta hogii| isa kA samAdhAna dete hue, samabhirUDhanaya kA kahanA yaha hai ki "pAribhASika" zabdoM meM jo anarthakatva kI Apatti dete ho vaha hotI hI hai aura vaha Apatti hama ko iSTa hI hai|

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nayarahasye samabhirUDhanayaH athArthabodhakatvamAtre yadi padatvabhAvastadA yadRcchAzabdasaGketAdapi tadabhivyaktaH kiM vaiSamyamiti cet ? na, padAnAM vyutpattinimittoparAgeNaivArthavodhakatvasvAbhAvyAt, yadRcchAsaGketopAlavAdasvabhAvabhUtasyaiva dharmasya graheNa vaiSamyAt / atha nAnArthakapade'rthataba 'hanta" pada ke pukAra se vyartha kA kheda pragaTa kyoM karate ho ? yahA~ granthakAra ne "pUtkAra" zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai, usa kA tAtparya yaha hai ki kisI artha meM anabhISTatva siddha karane ke lie mukha se "put" isataraha ke "kutsita" zabda kA uccAraNa karate haiM, usI kA Aropa pUrvapakSa vAkya meM prayukta "hanta' zabda meM kiyA gayA hai, usa meM anAdaratA kA sUcana "kiM hanteti putkAreNa" isa vAkya se kiyA gayA hai / "samabhirUDa naya' ne "pAribhASika' zabda kI anarthakatA ko svIkAra kara liyA hai, usa meM prAcIna AcAryo kI sammati hai / yaha dikhAne ke lie una kA vacana dikhA rahe haiM ki "tatra pAribhASikI nArthatattvaM bravItI'ti / isa kA artha yaha hai ki vyutpatti nimitta kriyA kA Azraya kie binA jo zabda kisI artha meM saMketita kiyA jAtA hai. vaha zabda " bhASika saMjJA' zabda se kahA jAtA hai yA pAribhASika zabda se vyavahRta hotA hai / jaise pUrva meM udAhRta pAribhASikI saMjJArUpa guNa-vRddhi zabda arthatattva ko bodhita nahIM karate haiM, kyoMki vyutpattinimitta kriyA kA yoga usa se bodhita artha meM nahIM rahatA hai, pAribhASika zabda vAstavika artha kA bodhaka nahIM banatA hai, ataH usa meM anarthakatva prasaMga aniSTa nahIM hai, kintu "samabhirUDha" ko iSTa hI hai| [naimittika aura pAribhASika saMjJAoM meM sAmyApatti kA nivAraNa ] [athArtha bodhaka] yaha AzaMkA uTha sakatI hai ki-"padyate, gamyate artho yena tat padam" isa vigraha ke anusAra jisase artha kA bodha hotA ho, vaha "pada" kahA jAtA hai / taba to "arthabodhakatvamAtra" pada meM padatva kA vyavasthApaka siddha huaa| aba dekhiye ki *yahacchAzabda se bhI artha kI pratIti hotI hai| kisI ne apane putra kA nAma yadi "Dittha" rakha liyA ho, to "Dittha" zabda se hI usa ke putra kI pratIti una sabhI ko hotI hai jina vyaktiyoM ko usa "Dittha" zabda kA saMketajJAna rahatA hai / yadRcchAzabda hI "pAribhASika" zabda kahA jAtA hai / artha bodhakatva jaba pAribhASikazabda meM bhI rahatA hai to "naimittika saMjJA" arthAt ceSTAdi kriyA ko nimitta mAnakara jo ghaTAdi saMjJA kI jAtI hai usakI apekSA se DitthAdirUpa pAribhASika saMjJA meM kucha hI vaSamya nahIM rahegA kyoMki donoM saMjJAoM meM arthabodhakatva kA anubhava hotA hai| taba pAribhASika zabda meM anarthakatva ko iSTa mAna lenA ayukta hai |"-to yaha zaGkA ThIka nahIM hai / kyoMki vyutpatti nimitta ke uparAga se hI padoM meM arthabodhakatvasvabhAvatA AtI hai, jaise-ceSTAzrayatvarUpa vyutpattinimittadharma ke sambandha se hI ghaTapada meM ceSTAzraya ghaTarUpaartha kI bodhakatA AtI hai| yadyapi yadRcchA zabda bhI saMketa ke bala se "Ditthatva" Adi dharma ke uparAga se artha kA bodhaka hotA hai, kiMtu vaha dharma caitraputrarUpa artha kA svabhAvabhUta nahIM hotA hai isalie yahacchA. svatatra icchA se rakhe gaye nAma ko yadRcchAzabda kahate haiM /

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182 upA. yazovijayaracite saMkramavadatha'pi padasaGkramaH kiM na syAditi cet ? na, arthasyeva padasyApi kriyoparAgeNa bhedAdarthAsaMkramasvIkArAt / harItyAdau ca padasArUpyeNaivaika zeSaH, na tvarthasArUpyeNeti dik // asyApyupadarzitatattvo bhAvanikSepa evAbhimataH // 6 // zabda asvabhAva rUpa dharma graha dvArA artha kA bodha bhale karA detA ho, vyutpatti nimittadharma ke uparAga se to artha kA bodha nahIM karAtA hai, isalie usa meM anarthakatva mAnanA samabhirUDha ko ayukta nahIM hai / artha svabhAvabhUta dharma ke dvArA arthabodhakatva naimittikapada meM rahatA hai, "pAribhASika" zabda meM vaisA arthabodhakatva nahIM rahatA hai kintu asvabhAvabhRta dharmopagraha dvArA arthabodhakatva rahatA hai / - yaha vaiSamya bhI "naimittika' zabda aura "pAribhASika zabda meM yukta hI hai| __ yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"eka hI hari pada viSNu, indra, siMha, kapi Adi aneka arthI kA bodhaka banatA hai isalie "hari" pada anekArthaka kahA jAtA hai| yahA~ eka hI hari pada meM viSNu, indrAdi nAnA artho kA saMkramaNa jaise hotA hai, vaise hI eka hI ghaTarUpa artha ghaTa-kuTAdi nAnA zabdoM se vAcya hotA hai, ataH eka ghaTarUpa artha meM ghaTa kuTAdi nAnA padoM kA saMkramaNa kyoM nahIM mAnA jAyagA ? yadi samabhirUDhanaya artha meM padasaMkrama ko svIkAra kara legA to saMjJA ke bheda se artha bheda kA svIkAra karanA asaMgata kyoM nahIM hogA ?"-parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki ghaTanakriyA ke yoga se jaise ghaTarUpa artha bhinna hotA hai vaise hI kuTTana kriyA ke yoga se bhI bhinna hotA hai| isItaraha bhinnabhinna kriyA ke yoga se vAcaka pada bhI bhinna bhinna hotA hai / "viSNurUpa" artha meM "hari" zabda "harati pApaM bhaktAnAM' isa vyutpatti ke anusAra pApApaharaNa kriyA ke uparAga se pravRtta hotA hai / "indrarUpa" artha meM harati aizvarya asurANAm" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra aizvaryApaharaNa kriyA ke uparAga se pravRtta hai, siMharUpa artha meM "harati prANAn jantUnAm" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra prANApaharaNakriyA ke yoga se pravRtta hotA hai athavA "harati vAhanatayA dezAntara prApayati svasvAminIm caNDikAm" isa vyutpatti ke anasAra, caNDikAdevI kA vAhana hone ke kAraNa usa ko ekadeza se dUsare deza meM le jAtA hai ataH dezAntaraprApaNa kriyA ke yoga se hari zabda siMharUpa artha meM pravRtta hotA hai| isa taraha kriyA ke bheda se hari zabda bhI bhinna-bhinna hI hai| aneka artha kA vAcaka eka "hari" zabda nahIM hai isalie ekapada meM aneka artha kA saMkrama bhI samabhirUDha ko mAnya nahIM hai to artha saMkrama ke dRSTAnta se eka artha meM vividha padoM ke saMkrama kI Apatti denA yukta nahIM hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"saMjJA ke bheda se artha kA bheda mAnA jAyagA to "harizca harizca harI" ityAdi samAsasthala meM ekazeSa kA vidhAna vyAkaraNAnuzAsana se hotA hai, vaha asaMgata hogA, kyoMki ekazeSasthala meM padabheda se artha kA bheda hogA, taba ekArthabodhakatvarUpa samAnadharma donoM haripadoM meM na hone ke kAraNa arthasArUpya nahIM rahegA / isa taraha samabhirUDha kA mantavya vyAkaraNAnuzAsana se viruddha bnegaa|"-prntu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM kyoMki ekazeSavidhAyaka vyAkaraNAnuzAsana kA yaha tAtparya nahIM hai ki artha.

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nayarahasye evambhUtanayaH 183 "vyaJjanArthavizeSAnveSaNa paro'dhyavasAyavizeSa evambhUtaH ||"vNjnn - attha - tadubhayaM evambhUo visese" iti [ anu0152] sUtram // " vyaJjanArthayorevambhUta iti" tattvArthabhAvyam / / tattva N ca padAnAM vyutpattyarthAnvaya niyatArthabodhakatvAbhyupagantRtvam / sArUpya rahane para padoM kA ekazeSa ho, kintu jina padoM meM svarUpataH sAdRzya ho unhIM padoM meM ekazeSa hotA hai yahI tAtparya vyAkaraNAnuzAsana kA mAnya hai / ekapada meM dUsare pada kA sArUpya samAnAnupUrvIkatvarUpa hI ho sakatA hai / prathama haripada meM hakArottaratvaviziSTa jo akAra taduttaratvaviziSTa jo repha taduttaratvaviziSTa itvarUpa AnupUrvI rahatI hai vahI AnupUrvI dvitIya haripada meM bhI rahatI hai isalie samAnAnupUrvIkatvarUpa padasArUpya donoM hari padoM meM rahatA hai / isI padasArUpya ko vyAkaraNAnuzAsana ekazeSa kA prayojaka mAnatA hai / ataH "harI" ityAdi sthala meM arthasArUpya na hone para bhI ekazeSa hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai, taba saMjJAbheda se artha bheda ko jo samabhirUDha mAnatA hai, vaha vyAkaraNAnuzAsanaviruddha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai / "samabhirUDhanaya" ko bhI "sAmpratanaya" ke jaise bhAvanikSepa hI mAnya hai kyoMki vartamAna bhAvamAtra ko hI yaha naya mAnatA hai - isakA vivecana pUrva meM kara diyA gayA 1 [ evambhUtanaya - vyaMjana aura artha kA anyonya vizeSa ] ( vyaJjanArtha) evambhUta ke lakSaNa meM 'vyajyate'rthaH anena' isa vyutpatti anusAra vyaJjana pada se ghaTAdi vAcakazabda vivakSita hai / artha pada se "ardhyate janena yaH sa artha: " isa vyutpatti ke anusAra ceSTAvAn ghaTAdirUpa artha vivakSita hai / " vyaJjana meM arthakRta vizeSa" aura "artha meM vyaJjanakRta vizeSa" ina donoM kI apekSA jisa adhyavasAya vizeSa ko hove, vahI adhyavasAyavizeSa evambhUta kA lakSaNa hai / yahA~ yaha vicAra karanA hai ki ghaTAdirUpa vAcaka zabda meM arthakRta vizeSa kyA hai aura ghaTAdirUpa artha meM vAcakazabdakRta vizeSa kyA hai, jina donoM kI apekSA " evambhUta naya" ko rahatI hai / isa prasaMga meM vizeSAvazyakabhASyakAra ne 'jaha ghaDasaddaM ceTThAvayA, tahA taM pi teNeva' [ 2252 ] yaha kaha kara spaSTIkaraNa kara diyA hai / ("yathA ghaTazabda ceSTAvatA, tathA tAmapi tenaiva') isa kA bhAvArtha aisA hai ki evambhUtanaya ghaTAdirUpa bAcakazabda ko jaise usa zabda se vAcya ceSTAvAn artha ke dvArA vizeSita karatA hai, arthAt vahI ghaTazabda hai jo ceSTAvAn artha ko batAtA hai aura anya artha ko nahIM batAtA hai, isa rUpa se zabda ko niyamita karatA hai, usItaraha ceSTAvAn ghaTarUpa artha ko bhI vAcaka zabda se vizeSita karatA hai, arthAt kisI strI ke mastaka para ArUDha ghaTa kI jo jalAharaNAdirUpa kiyA hotI hai tAdRza kriyAyukta ghaTa hI ghaTazabda kA artha hai - isa rUpa se artha ko bho niyamita karatA hai / gRhakoNAdi meM sthita ghaTa athavA jalapUraNAdi kriyAviziSTaghaTa ghaTazabdavAcya nahIM hai, kiMtu jalAharaNakriyA yukta, strImastakArUDha ghar3ha hI ghaTazabda kA vAcya hai, isa taraha kA vyava sthApana evambhUtanaya karatA hai| anyakAla meM vaha ghaTa, ghaTa na hokara aghaTa hI rahatA hai, kyoMki paTAdirUpa anyavastu kI taraha usa meM bhI jalAharaNAdirUpa ceSTA nahIM rahatI hai. aura anyakAla meM ghaTadhvani bhI avAcaka haiM, yaha evambhUta kA Azaya hai / "

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184 upA. yazovijayaracite niyamazca kAlato dezatazceti na samabhirUDhAtivyAptirapi / ayaM khalvasya siddhAntaH, yadi ghaTapadavyutpattyarthAbhAvAt kuTapadArtho'pi na ghaTapadArthastadA jalAharaNAdi kriyAvirahakAle ghaTo'pi na ghaTapadArtho'vizeSAditi // uparokta artha ko pramANita karane ke lie granthakAra ne vizeSAvazyaka sUtra kA uddharaNa kiyA hai-vaMjaNa attha-ityAdi (vyaJjanArtha tadubhayamevambhUto vizeSayati) isa kA artha yaha hai ki zabda aura artha ina donoM ko "evambhUtanaya" vizeSita karatA hai arthAt vAcaka zabda ko ceSTAviziSTa dhaTarUpa artha ke dvArA niyantrita karatA hai aura artha ko bhI zabda ke dvArA niyantrita karatA hai| isa se yaha siddha hotA hai ki jo zabda ceSTAvAn artha ko bodhita karatA hai vahI zabda ghaTa zabda hai evam ceSTAviziSTa artha hI ghaTarUpa artha hai, isataraha artha ko bhI zabda se niyaMtrita karatA hai / isa prakAra granthakAra kA lakSaNavAkya aura vizeSAvazyaka kA sUtravAkya ina donoM kA eka hI artha vicAra karane se phalita hotA hai| vizeSAvazyaka sUtra vAkya se svakRta lakSaNa ko samarthita karane ke bAda granthakAra usa lakSaNa ko tattvArtha bhASya ke dvArA bhI samarthana karate haiM isalie tattvArtha bhASya ke aMza kA isa grantha meM uddharaNa kiyA hai-'vyaJjanArtha yorevambhUta' iti / vyaJjanazca, arthazca yaha dvandvasamAsa hai / "vyaJjana" pada se vAcaka ghaTAdi zabda aura artha pada se ghaTAdi zabda kA vAcyArtha vivakSita hai / evambhUtanaya zabda aura artha ina donoM ko saMghaTita karatA hai arthAt zabda ko artha se vizeSita karatA hai aura artha ko zabda se vizeSita karatA hai| isa kA Azaya yaha hai ki (1) "ghaTa' yaha zabda usI artha kA vAcaka hai jo artha jaladhAraNa meM samartha ho tathA jalAnayana kriyA karatA ho aura (2) ghaTa zabda kA artha vahI ghaTa hai jo jalAnayanarUpa ceSTA ko karatA ho| ceSTA se nivRtta haA gRha ke kisI eka kone meM par3A huA ghaTa, ghaTazabda kA artha nahIM hai / ina donoM vAkyoM meM pUrva vAkya se artha dvArA zabda kA niyantraNa kiyA gayA hai, aura dvitIya vAkya se zabda ke dvArA artha kA niyantraNa kiyA gayA hai| isataraha donoM kA niyamana mAnane vAlA adhyavasAya "evambhUta" kahA jAtA hai| [ vyutpattyartha se anvita artha kA svIkAra ] prAmANika AcAryoM ke vacanoM dvArA svakRtalakSaNa kA samarthana karane ke bAda granthakAra tArkika rIti se evambhUta kA pariSkRta lakSaNa batAte haiN| (tattvaM ca0) pariSkRta lakSaNa batAne kA yaha abhiprAya hai ki lakSaNa meM ativyApti Adi kI zakA nirmUla ho jAya / pariSkRta lakSaNa meM "padAnAm' yahA~ chaTThI vibhakti prayukta hai, chaDDI vibhakti kA artha vRttittva hotA hai, jisa kA anvaya "vyutpattyarthAnvayaniyatArtha bodhakatva" ke sAtha hai aura "bodhakatva" kA anvaya "abhyupagantRtvam" isa ke ghaTaka abhyupagama kriyA meM karmatAnirUpakatva sambandha se hai / "abhyupagantRtva" kA anvaya AzrayatA sambandha se abhiprAyavizeSa meM hai / samagra lakSaNa kA artha:-padavatti jo vyutpattyarthAnvayaniyatArthabodhakatva, tatkarmaka jo abhyupagama, tatkartRtvAzraya jo abhiprAya vizeSa, vahI evambhUtanaya kahA jAtA hai / ghaTa pada kI "ghaTate iti ghaTaH" "ghaTayati vA ghaTaH" isa vyutpatti se 'ceSTArUpa artha kA Azraya' yaha

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nayarahasye evambhUtanayaH 185 nanvevaM prANadhAraNAbhAvAt siddho'pi na jIvaH syAditi cet ? etannaye na syAdeva / tadAha bhA-yakAra:- *evaM jIvaM jIvo saMsArI pANadhAraNANubhavA / siddhopuNa ajIyo, jIvaNapariNAmarahio tti / / 2256 // artha nikalatA hai / ghaT dhAtu "ceSTA" artha meM vyAkaraNAnuzAsana se jAnA jAtA hai, isalie 'ghaTa' zabda kA vyutpattyartha ceSTA yAnI jalAdiAnayanarUpa artha hotA hai, usa kA anvaya jisa ghaTarUpa dravya meM hotA ho vaha bhI jisa kAla meM aura jisa deza meM hotA ho, vahI ghaTAdirUpa artha vyutpattyarthAnvayaniyata artha banegA, tathAvidha arthabodhakatA hI ghaTapada meM rahegI, kyoMki caMSTAyukta ghaTAtmaka artha se vaha pada usI artha meM niyamita hotA hai| samabhirUDhanaya isataraha ke hI artha kI bodhakatA ko ghaTapada meM nahIM mAnatA hai / vaha to jisa kAla meM ghaTarUpa artha meM ceSTArUpa vyatpattyartha nahIM hotA hai aura jisa deza meM ceSTA yukta nahIM hotA hai, taddeza aura tatkAlasthita vartamAna ghaTa ko bhI ghaTa mAnatA hai, isalie vyutpattyarthAndhayaniyata arthabodhakatA pado meM vaha nahIM mAnatA hai, ataH samabhirUDha meM ativyApti ko avakAza nahIM hai / dezakRta aura kAlakRta niyama kA praveza granthakArakRta prathama lakSaNa meM nahIM hai, isalie samabhirUDha meM ativyApti kI zaMkA ko avakAza thA usa kA vAraNa karane lie "niyamaghaTita" yaha pariSkRta lakSaNa granthakAra ne kiyA hai / evambhUta kA yaha siddhAnta hai ki kuTapada kA artha jo kauTilya kA Azraya ghaTa hotA hai, vaha ghaTapada kA artha nahIM hotA hai kyoMki ghaTapada kA vyutpattyartha jo jalAharaNAdi kriyA hai vaha usa meM nahIM hai, to usI rIti se gRha ke eka deza meM sthita ghaTa jisa meM jalAharaNAdi kriyA nahIM rahatI hai, usakAla meM usa ghaTa meM bhI ghaTapada ke vyatpattyartha jalAha kiyA kA to abhAva hI rahatA hai, isalie vaisA ghara bhI ghaTapadArtha nahIM hai kyoMki kuTapadArtha aura gRhakoNa sthita ghaTa, ina donoM meM ghaTapada kA vyutpattyartha jalAharaNAdi kriyA kA abhAva samAnarUpa se rahatA hai / ataH strI ke mastaka para sthita jalapUrNa ghaTa hI evambhUta ke mata se ghaTapadArtha hai| [ siddhAtmA meM jIvana kA asvIkAra ] (nanvevaM yahA~ yaha AzaMkA uTha sakatI hai ki-"gRhakoNastha ghaTa meM ghaTapada kA vyutpatti-artha jo jalAharaNAdi kriyArUpa hai, usa kA abhAva rahane se yadi evambhUtanaya gRhakoNastha ghaTa ko ghara padArtha nahIM mAnegA, to siddha jIva bhI jIva-padArtha nahIM ho sakegA kyoMki siddhajIva meM bhI prANadhAraNarUpa jIvapada kA vyutpattyartha nahIM rahatA hai| pA~ca indriya sparzanAdi aura kAyika, vAcika, mAnasika ye tIna prakAra ke bala, zvAsocchvAsa-aura AyuSa ye dasa prakAra ke prANa mAne gae hai / siddhoM meM ye prANa nahIM hote haiM, isalie prANadhAraNa kriyA kA bhI abhAva siddhoM meM rahatA hai|"-is zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki evambhRtanaya ke mata se siddhAtmA meM jIvapada kA artha nahIM ghaTatA hai to koI kSati nahIM hai| siddha jIva meM jIvapadArthatva kA na honA isa naya ko iSTa hI hai| * evaM jIvan jIvaH saMsArI prANadhAraNAnubhavAt / siddhaH punarajIvo jIvanapariNAmarahitaH / 24

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186 upA. yazovijayaracite ata eva "jIvo nojIvo'jIvo nojjIva" ityAkArite naigama-dezasaMgraha-vyavahAra-RjusUtra-sAmprata-samabhirUDhA jIvaM pratyaupazamikAdibhAvapaJcakagrAhiNaH / 'tanmate vyutpattinimittajIvanalakSaNaudArikabhAvopalakSitAtmatvarUpapariNAmabhAva viziSTasya jIvasya bhAvapaJcakAtmanaH padArthatvAdityamI paJcasvapi gatiSu 'jIva' iti jIvadravya pratiyanti / 'nojIva' iti ca nozabdasya sarvaniSedhArthapakSe'jIvadravyameva, dezaniSedhAthapakSe ca dezasyA'pratiSedhAjjIvasyaiva dezapradezau / 'ajIva' iti nakArasya sarvapratiisa artha meM bhASyakAra kA-eva jIvo0 ityAdi vacana bhI saMvAdaka hai / usa kA artha yaha hai ki jIva dhAtu prANadhAraNarUpa artha kA vAcaka hai, aisA vyAkaraNAnuzAsana se jAnA jAtA hai / "jIvati-dazavidhaprANAn dhArayati" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra dazaprakAra ke prANoM ko dhAraNa karatA huA hI jIvapadArtha evambhUtanaya ke mata se mAnA jAtA hai / jo dazavidha prANoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai, vaha prANadhAraNa kA anubhava bhI karatA hai, isalie prANadhAraNa kA anubhava jisa meM hotA ho vahI jIvapada kA artha hai / vaha jIva saMsArI hI hotA hai aura vahI deva, manuSya, tiryaJca, nAraka Adi zabda se kahA jAtA hai| siddhAtmA to isa ke mata se jIva nahIM hai kyoMki vaha jIvana (prANadhAraNa) se rahita hai, isalie siddha meM jIva zabda kA vyutpattyartha nahIM ghaTatA hai, kintu sattA kA yoga hone se sattvazabda se vyavahRta hotA hai / evaM, "AtmA" zabda se bhI siddha kA vyavahAra hotA hai kyoMki "atati tAn tAn darzana-jJAna-sukhAdiparyAyAn gacchati iti AtmA" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra AtmAzabda kA 'jJAna, darzana, sukhAdi paryAyoM ko prApta karanevAlA' yaha artha nikalatA hai / yaha artha siddhoM meM bhI ghaTatA hai kyoMki siddha dazavidha prANoM ko dhAraNa nahIM karate haiM, to bhI jJAna, darzana, sukhAdi paryAyoM ko prApta karate rahate haiN| ataH evambhUtanaya kI dRSTi meM siddha jIvapadArtha nahIM hai| [jIva-nojIva, ajIva-no'jIva ke sambandha meM saptanayAbhiprAya ] [ata eva prANadhoraNa lakSaNa jIvanakriyA kAla meM hI jIva meM jIvatva kA abhyupagama evambhUtanaya karatA hai isIliye zAstra meM yaha vibhAga dikhAyA hai-evaMbhUta ko choDakara zeSa naigama, dezasaMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra, sAmprata aura samabhirUDha ye chaH naya jIva ke prati aupazamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika, audayika aura pAriNAmika ina bhAvapaJcaka ke grAhI kahe gaye haiM / ina ke mata meM 'jIvati iti jIvaH' isa vyutpatti se prANadhAraNa svarUpa jIvana kriyA jo ki karmodayakRta hai usase upalakSita jIva kA AtmatvarUpa pAriNAmika bhAva, usa se yukta aura uparokta bhAvapaJcakAtmaka jo jIva vahI jIvapadArtha ina nayoM ke mata meM hai| ataH ye naya nara, amara, tiryaJca, nAraka, siddha, ina pAMco gatiyoM meM "jIva" aisA kahane para jIva dravya kI pratIti kA honA mAnate haiN| tathA 'nojIvaH' aisA kahane para, 'no' zabda kA sarvaniSedha artha liyA jAya taba jIva aura jIva ke deza-pradezoM kA bhI niSedha ho jAtA hai isalie "nojIva" zabda se ajIvadravya kA hI bodha ye cha naya mAnate haiN| "nojIva" isa meM "no" zabda kA sarva

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nayarahasye jIvAdizabdArthaH 187 SedhArthatvAtparyudAsAzrayaNAcca jIvAdanyat pudgaladravyAdikameva / 'no'jIva' iti sarvapratiSedhAzrayaNe jIvadravyameva, dezapratiSedhAzrayaNe cAjIvasyaiva dezapradezau / evambhUtastu jIvaM pratyauda yikabhAvagrAhakaH, tanmate kriyAviziSTasyaiva padArthatvAdityayaM 'jIva' ityAkArite bhavasthameva jIvaM gRhNAti, na tu siddham , tatra jIvanArthAnupapattaH / 'nojIva' iti cAjIvadravyaM siddhaM vA / 'ajIva' iti cAjIvadravyameva / 'no'jIva' iti ca bhavasthameva / jIve dezapradezau tu sampUrNagrAhiNAnena na svIkriyete, ityasmAkaM prakriyA // niSedha nahIM kintu dezaniSedha artha liyA jAya to kisI eka jIvadeza kA niSedha hone para bhI anya deza kA niSedha nahIM hotA hai / isa sthiti meM "nojIvaH" isa prayoga se ye cha naya ukta jIva ke deza aura pradeza kA hI bodha mAnate haiN| evaM 'ajIvaH' isa prayoga meM "jIva" zabda ke pUrvavartI "nakAra" jIva aura jIva ke deza aura pradeza ina sabhI kA niSedhaka hai, ataH "na" kA paryudAsa artha lene para jIva se bhinna pudagala dravya Adi kA hI bodha ye cha naya mAnate haiM kyoMki paryudAsa sadRzavastu kA grAhI hotA hai, ataH jIva se bhinna aura dravyatvarUpeNa jIva ke sadRza pudagalAdi dravya hI ajIvapada ke prayoga se bodhita hote haiM / tathA "noajIvaH" aisA prayoga karane para "no' zabda aura jIva zabda ke pUrvavartI "na" zabda ina donoM ko sarvapratiSedhArthaka mAnA jAya isa pakSa meM "jIva" zabda ke sAtha lagA huA "na" zabda, jIva tathA jIva ke dezapradeza ina sabhI kA niSedha karegA, ataH "ajIva" zabda se "jIvabhinna" esA artha nikalegA / jIva bhinna sabhI vastuoM kA niSedha no" zabda se ho jAegA, taba jIvabhinna sabhI vastaoM se bhinna jIva hI ThaharegA, kyoMki do niSedhArtha zabdoM kA prayoga jahA~ hotA hai vahA~ prastuta artha kA hI dRDha pratipAdana siddha hotA hai| isa sthiti meM ye cha naya "no'jIvaH" zabda se jIvadravyamAtra kA hI bodha mAnate haiN| yadi 'no'jIvaH' isa prayoga meM "ajIva" zabda kA "jIvabhinna dravya" aisA artha aura "no" zabda se jIvabhinna dravya ke deza kA hI pratiSedha mAnA jAya, to isa pakSa meM "ajIva dravya' kA kiJcita deza "no" zabda se niSiddha hogA to bhI itara deza aura pradeza to niSiddha nahIM hogA, kyoMki isa pakSa meM "no" zabda sarvaniSedhaka nahIM hai- isa sthiti meM "no'jIvaH" isa zabda se ye cha naya ajIva dravya ke deza aura pradeza kA bodha mAne ge| isataraha nagamAdi cha nayoM ke abhiprAya meM tulyatva kA pratipAdana karake una nayoM kI apekSA se "evambhUtanaya" kI vilakSaNatA batAne ke lie kahate haiM-"evambhUtastu' ityAdi "evambhUtanaya" jIva zabdArtha ke vicAra meM aupazamika Adi pUrvokta pA~coM bhAvoM kA grAhaka nahIM, kintu audayika bhAvamAtra kA grAhaka hai / kAraNa, evambhata ke mata meM vyutpattinimitta kriyA ke AzrayabhUta artha ko hI padArtha mAnA jAtA hai / ataH "jIvaH" aisA prayoga karane para yaha naya jo bhavastha jIva haiM arthAt nara, amara, tiryaJca, nAraka ina cAra gatiyoM meM jo jIva rahe haiM, unhIM kA bodha hone kA mAnatA hai, siddhigati meM rahanevAle

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188 upA. yazovijayaracite kecitta [ digambarAH -evambhUtAbhiprAyeNa siddha eva jIvo bhAvaprANadhAraNAt na tu saMsArIti paribhASante // tadAhuH [ dravyasaMgrahe ]siddhoM kA bodha nahIM mAnatA hai, kyoMki vyutpattinimitta prANadhAraNarUpa artha siddhoM meM nahIM rahatA hai| "mojIvaH" aisA prayoga karane para evambhata naya, ajIva dravya kA athavA siddhAtmA kA hI bodha mAnatA hai / yadyapi "no" zabda ko sarvaniSedhaka mAnakara 'nojIvaH isa vAkya se ajIvadravyoM kA bodha negamAdi naya bhI mAnate haiM, isalie naigamAdinaya aura evambhatanaya ina donoM kI mAnyatA meM sAmya pratIta hotA hai, tathApi "no" zabda ke deza niSedhArtha kapakSa meM nagamAdinaya jIva ke dezapradeza kA hI bodha mAnate haiM, parantu evambhatanaya esA bodha nahIM mAnatA hai, yaha vaSamya 'nojIvaH' zabdajanya bodha meM rahatA hai| yahA~ yaha khyAla rakhanA cAhie ki evambhatanaya sampUrNagrAhI hai, isalie jIva ke deza aura pradeza ko vaha nahIM mAnatA hai / "ajIvaH" aise zabdaprayoga se evambhUta naya ajIva dravya kA hI bodha mAnatA hai / yadyapi naigamAdinaya bhI "jIva" zabda ke pUrvavartI nakAra ke sarvapratiSedha artha ko mAnakara aura paryaMdAsa kA AzrayaNa karake jIva bhinna pudgalAdi dravya mAnate haiM, phira bhI "jIva" zabda ke pUrvavartanakAra ko dezaniSedhArthaka mAnA jAya to naigamAdi chaH nayoM ke mata se jIva ke dezapradeza kA bhI bodha hogA, evambhUta ke mata meM dezapradeza mAnya na hone se ajIva dravya mAtra kA bodha hotA hai, yaha artha "ajIvadravyameva" yahA~ sthita evakAra se prApta hotA hai / "no'jIvaH" aisA prayoga karane para evambhUta ke mata meM bhavastha arthAt nara, amara tiryaJca, naraka gatiyoM meM vartamAna jo jIva, usI kA bodha mAnA jAtA hai / naigamAdi nayoM kI taraha "no'jIvaH" isa vAkya meM sthita "no" zabda aura "jIva" zabda ke pUrvavartI "naJ' zabda kA dezapratiSedha artha mAnakara ajIvadravya ke deza aura pradeza kA bodha nahIM mAnatA hai, kyoMki sampUrNagrAhI evambhata ke mata se dezapradeza kA svIkAra nahIM hai / "bhavasthameva" isa vAkya meM sthita evakAra se siddhAM kI vyAvRtti sUcita hotI hai, kyoMki evambhata naya siddhagati meM rahanevAle AtmA ko jIva nahIM mAnatA hai yaha zvetAmbara jaino kI prakriyA hai / [ digambaroM ke mata meM siddhAtmA hI jIva hai ] "kecitta" ityAdi :- granthakAra aba digambara ke mata kA nirasana karane ke lie pahale digambaroM kI mAnyatA ko pradarzita karate haiM-evambhatanaya siddhi gati meM sthita jIva ko jIva nahIM mAnatA hai, yaha zvetAmbaroM kA dRSTikoNa hai-isa se ThIka viparIta dRSTikoNa digambaroM kA hai, ve loga siddha ko hI jIva mAnate haiM / bhAvaprANarUpajIva padArtha kA Azraya siddhAtmA hI hote haiM, isalie vahI jIva padArtha hai / saMsArIjIva zvAsaprazvAsaAdirUpa prANa ko dhAraNa karane para bhI bhAvaprANa kA Azraya na hone se saMsArIjIva jIvapada kA artha nahIM hai / aisI paribhASA digambaroM kI hai| digambara loga apane mata ko nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI viracita dravyasaMgraha ke vacana se samarthana karate haiM, ki jo tInoM kAla meM indriya, bala Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsa ko dhAraNa karatA hai, vyavahAranaya se vahI jIva hai / nizcayanaya se to jisa ko cetanAyugala

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nayarahasye jIvatattvavimarzaH " tikkAle cadupANA indiyavala mAuANapANo a / vavahArA so jIvo Nicchayado duceyaNA jassa || 3 || iti | na ca dvicetanAzAlI saMsAryapi jIva eveti vAcyam, zuddhacaitanyarUpanizcayaprANasya siddhenaiva dharaNAt / na ca saMsAricaitanyamapi nizcayataH zuddhamevoparAgasya tena pratikSepAt ; taduktam [dravyasaMgrahe ] " maggaNaguNaThANehi a caudasa ya hava ti taha asuddha - yA | viSNeyA saMsArI savve suddhA u ( hu ) suddhaNayA ||13||" iti vAcyam, ekIkRtanizcayena tathAgrahaNe'pi pRthakkRtanizcayabhedena tadagrahaNAditi / taccintyam, 189 yAnI jJAna-darzanarUpa bhAvaprANa rahate haiM, vahI jIvapadArtha hai / isa se yaha siddha hotA hai ki bhAvaprANa kA Azraya hI jIva padArtha hai aura vaha siddha hI hai / isa gAthA meM indriya pada se "tvaka, rasanA, nAsikA, zravaNa, cakSu" ye pAMca bAhyendriya aura manarUpa antarindriyavivakSita hai / balapada se kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika ye tIna bala vivakSita haiM / Ayupada se kisI eka zarIra meM jIva kA karmAnusAra niyatakAla taka avasthAna vivakSita hai aura AnaprANa pada se zvAsa-prazvAsarUpa prANa vivakSita haiN| ye saba saMsArI jIva meM hI hote haiM / isalie vyavahAranaya se sauMsArI bhale hI jIvapadArtha ho, nizcayanaya se to siddha hI jIva padArtha hai / yadi yaha zaMkA ho ki - 'sa'sArI jIva indriya, bala Adi cAra prANoM kA aura bhAvaprANa jo jJAna - darzana rUpa hai, usa ko bhI dhAraNa karatA hai, taba sauMsArI bhI jIva kyoM na mAnA jAya ?' to isa kA samAdhAna ve loga isa taraha karate haiM ki zuddhacaitanyarUpa naizcayika prANa ko siddha hI dhAraNa karate haiM, isalie siddha hI jIvapadArtha ho sakate haiM, sasArI nahIM / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "sa sArI AtmA meM jo caitanya rahatA hai vaha bhI nizcaya se zuddha hI hai, to saMsArI AtmA jIvapadArtha kyoM nahIM ho sakegA ? isa prazna ke sAmane yaha nahIM kaha sakate ki 'AvaraNIyakarma kA jIva ke sAtha jo sambandha mAnA gayA hai tadAtmaka uparAga ke rahane para sasArI AtmA kA caitanya zuddha nahIM hai- ' kyoMki nizcayanaya uparAga ko mAnatA hI nahIM hai / dravyasaMgrahakAra ke "maggaNaguNaTThANehi" ityAdi gAthA meM bhI yahI kahA gayA hai ki- 14gati- indriyAdi mArgaNAsthAna aura mithyAtvAdi 14 guNasthAna kI apekSA se saba jIva saMsArI haiM- aisA azuddhanaya kA abhiprAya hai / zuddhanaya ke abhiprAya se sarva jIva zuddha jJAnasvarUpa yAnI zuddhAtmasvarUpa haiN|"to yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki caitanya caitanyarUpa se sabhI eka hI hai - isataraha ke saMgrahanizcayanaya se saMsArI catanya kA zuddharUpatayA jJAna hone para bhI tat-tad AtmA ke bheda se sabhA AtmA kA caitanya bhinna-bhinna hI hotA hai, isa taraha ke caitanyagata bhedagrAhI evambhUta nizcayanaya se sasArI caitanya meM zuddhatA kA jJAna nahIM hai / ataH saMsArI caitanya evambhUtanaya ke mata se jIvapadArtha nahIM ho sakatA hai, kintu bhAvaprANa ko dhAraNa karanevAlA siddha hI evambhUtanaya ke mata se jIvapadArtha hai /

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upA. yazovijayaracite evambhUtasya jIvaM pratyauda vikabhAvagrAhakatvAt / na cAsya kriyAyA eva pravRttinimittatvAddhAtvartha eva bhAvanikSepAzrayaNe zuddhadharmagrAhakatvamapyanAbAdhamiti vAcyam, yAdRzadhAtvarthamupalakSaNIkRtye taranayArthapratisandhAnaM tAdRzadhAtvarthaprakAraka jijJAsayaiva prasaGgasaGgatyaivambhUtAbhidhAnasya sAmpradAyikatvAt / anyathA tatrApi nikSepAntarAzrayaNe'nava 190 yaha "digambara" kA mata hai| isa mata kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie granthakAra likhate haiM ki 'taccintyam' / isa kA Azaya yaha hai ki digambara ne yuktiyoM ke dvArA jo apane mata kA samarthana apane granthoM meM kiyA hai, usa para vicAra kie binA AsthA kara lenA ucita nahIM hogA, isalie usa ke mata para cintana karanA cAhie / cintana karane para yadi koI doSa na nikale, to usa meM mAnyatA denA ThIka hotA hai / digambara mata ke cintana karane para usa ke mata meM bahuta se doSa dRSTi meM Ate haiM, ataH usa para AsthA buddhimAna puruSoM ko nahIM karanI cAhiye / [ digambara mata kI samIkSA ] [ evambhUtasya ] pUrva grantha se digambara ke mata ko cintanIya batAyA hai / usa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki evambhUtanaya jIva ke prati audayikabhAva kA grAhaka hai / " jIvati prANAn dhArayati" isa vyutpatti se audayika bhAvAntargata prANadhAraNAtmaka jIvanakriyA jisa kAla meM rahatI hai usa kAla meM evambhUta ke mata se jIva meM jIvatva kA svIkAra iSTa hai / Azaya yaha hai ki jIvana kriyArUpa jIvadhAtvartha bhavastha jIva meM hI upapanna hotA hai, isalie bhavasthajIva ko hI jIvapadArtha mAnanA yukta haiM / siddhi dazA meM jIvadhAtvartha jIvanakriyA ghaTatI nahIM hai, ataH 'evambhUta ke abhiprAya se siddha hI jIva hai-' aisA jo digambara loga mAnate haiM, vaha saMgata nahIM hai / digambara AcArya kA kathana taba saMgata hotA, yadi evambhUtanaya jIva ke prati pAriNAmikabhAva kA bhI grAhaka hotA / zuddhacetanya audayika bhAva nahIM hai, ataH usa kA grAhaka evambhUtanaya nahIM hai, isa hetu se bhI siddha meM jIvatva evambhUtanaya ke abhiprAya se nahIM ghaTatA hai / ataH digambara kA kathana niyuktika hai| [ bhAvaprANa ke dhAraNa se siddha meM jIvatva kI AzaMkA aura samAdhAna ] digambara kI ora se yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - " evambhUta naya ke mata meM jIvazabda kA pravRttinimitta prANadhAraNa kriyA hI hai / prANadhAraNarUpa dhAtvartha meM yaha vizleSaNa nahIM hai ki prANa pada se indriyAdi prANa kI hI vivakSA hotI hai aura zuddhacaitanyarUpa bhAvaprANa kI vivakSA nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki "jIva prANadhAraNe" isa vyAkaraNAnuzAsana se prANamAtra kA dhAraNa jIva dhAtu kA artha pratIta hotA hai / isa sthiti meM bhAvanikSepa kA AzrayaNa karane para bhAvaprANa kA bhI dhAtu se bodha ho sakatA hai / bhAvaprANa to zuddhacaitanyarUpa hI hai, usa kA grAhaka yadi evambhUta ho to koI bAdhaka nahIM dIkhatA hai / prANadhAraNakriyArUpa pravRttinimitta bhI ghaTa sakatA hai, taba evambhUta kI dRSTi se bhAvaprANa kA grahaNa mAnakara siddha meM hI "jIva" padArthatA kA svIkAra karanA saMgata hI hai, ataH siddha ko hI " jIvapadArtha " kyoM na mAnA jAya ?" - parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / kAraNa, jisa prakAra

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nayarahasye jIvatattvavimarzaH 191 1 sthAnAt prakRtamAtrA'paryavasAnAdantato jJAnA'dvaite zUnyatAyAM vA paryavasAnAt / kiMcetAdRguparitanaivambhUtasya prAktanaivambhUtAbhidhAnapUrvamevAbhidhAnaM yuktam, anyathA'prAptakAlatvaprasaGgAt / tasmAdvayavahArAdyabhimatavyutpattyanurodhenauda yikabhAvagrAhakatvamevAsya sUribhiruktam, yuktaJcaitaditi smartavyam / ke dhAtvartha ko mAnakara jIva padArtha kA jJAna "naigamAdinayoM" ke abhiprAya se hotA hai, usI prakAra ke jIvadhAtvartha kA svIkAra kara jIvapadArtha kA jJAna evambhUta ke abhiprAya se kaisA hotA hai ? yahI jijJAsA yahA~ prastuta hai / auiyikabhAvarUpa jIvana ko jIva dhAtu kA artha mAnakara naigamAdinaya se nara- amara Adi pAMcoM gatiyoM meM jIvapadArtha kaisA honA cAhiye isa bAta kI carcA kA yaha prasaMga calatA hai / isa prasaGga meM evambhUta ko kaisA jIva padArtha mAnya hai, isa kI jijJAsA honA sahaja hai aura usa kI upekSA bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai, isalie usa kI mAnyatA kA spaSTIkaraNa Avazyaka hI rahatA hai / usa ke vinA zrotA kI jijJAsA zAnta bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai / isa sthiti meM jaisA jIvadhAtvartha mAnakara jIvapadArtha kA pratipAdana naigamAdinayoM ke mata meM kiyA gayA hai usI jIvadhArtha ko lekara jIvapadArtha kA nirUpaNa evambhUta ko bhI karanA cAhie, yahI sampradAya yAnI paramparA mAnya hai / aisA karane se hI prasaGgasaMgati bhI hotI hai / audafreerana " jIva" dhAtvartha mAnakara jIvapadArtha kA pratipAdana naigamAdi nayoM ke mata se huA hai, ataH audayikabhAva svarUpa dhAtvartha ko mAnakara hI tadupalakSita AtmA ko lekara jIvapadArtha kA pratipAdana evambhUtanaya kare, yahI ucita hai / bhAvaprANarUpa jIva dhAtvartha ko mAnakara jIvapadArtha kA pratipAdana naigamAdinayoM ne nahIM kiyA hai, isa sthiti meM bhAvaprANarUpa jIvadhAtvartha mAnakara jIvapadArtha kA pratipAdana yadi evambhUta kare to atyanta aprAsaMgika ho jAyagA, isalie evambhUta ke abhiprAya se "siddhAtmA hI jIva hai" aisA digambaroM kA mAnanA yukta nahIM hai / yadi isa tathya ko na mAnakara aura bhAvanikSepa kA avalambana karake zuddhacaitanyarUpa bhAvaprANa pakSa kI vivakSA kA Agraha karane para, Upara Upara ke evambhUta nayoM se anyaanya bhAvanikSepa kA bhI AzrayaNa kiyA jA sakegA aura vaisA karane para digambara ke mata meM anavasthA doSa upasthita hogA, jisa se digambaroM ko mAnya zuddhacaitanyarUpa prakRta arthamAtra meM kabhI bhI paryavasAna nahIM hogA / anavasthA dUra karane ke liye agara sirpha jJAnamAtra ko hI bhAvaprANa mAneMge to antato gatvA jJAnAdvaita meM paryavasAna hogA, athavA usa meM bhI bhAvanikSepAntara kA Azraya karane se jJAna kA bhI kramazaH sUkSma-sUkSmavibhAga hone para anta meM zUnyatA meM hI paryavasAna ho jAyagA, jo digambara ko bhI iSTa nahIM hai | ataH sAmpradAyika rIti kA hI Azraya karanA cAhie / sAmpradAyika rIti kA AzrayaNa karane para to siddha meM jIvatva siddha nahIM hotA hai, ataH digambara kA kathana saMgata nahIM hai /

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192 upA0 yazovijayaracite na cendriyarUpaprANAnAM kSAyopazamikatvAt kathamevambhUtasyaudayikabhAva-mAtragrAhakatvamityAzaMkanIyam, prAdhAnyenAyuSkamo dayalakSaNasyaiva jIvanArthasya grahaNAt, upahatendriye'pyAyurudayenaiva jIvananizcayAt / nanu yadi jIvaM pratyaudayikabhAva eva gRhyata evambhUtena, kathaM tarhi bhAvaprANayogAdbhavatAmapi siddhasya jIvatva malayagiriprabhatibhiruktamiti cet ? bhAvapaJcakagrA hinaigamAdyamiprAyeNeti gRhANa / ata eva prajJApanAdau jIvanaparyAyaviziSTatayA jIvasya zAzvatikatvamabhidadhe / yadi punaH prasthakanyAyAdvizuddhataranaigamabhedamAzritya prAguktasvagranthagAthA vyAkhyAyate paraiH, tadA na kiJcidasmAkaM dRSyatIti kimalpIyasi dRDhatarakSodena // [ aprAptakAla nigrahasthAna kI digambara ko prApti ] (kiJce) granthakAra, digambara ke mata meM zUnyatA kI Apatti dikhAkara prakRta grantha se aprAptakAlatvarUpa nigrahasthAna kI Apatti batAnA cAhate haiN| kathA ke krama se viparIta krama dvArA vastu ke kathana ko aprAptakAlanigrahasthAna mAnA gayA hai, isa ko vyatyastA'bhidhAna bhI kahate haiM / prakRta meM isa nigrahasthAna kI prApti isa DhaMga se hotI hai ki nagamAdinayoM kI dRSTi se indriyAdi prANadhAraNarUpa jIvadhAtvartha se upalakSita AtmA jIvapadArtha mAnA gayA hai| taba prANadhAraNarUpa jIvadhAtvarthaprakArakajJAna jisa rIti se hove, usa rIti se hI evambhUtanaya kA vidhAna karanA cAhie / Azaya yaha hai ki siddhAvasthA se pUrvadazA meM kyA jIvapadArtha hai, isa kA kathana kara ke hI siddha dazA meM jIvapadArtha kA nirUpaNa karanA cAhie, yahI padArtha nirUpaNa kA krama hai| vaha krama to digambaramata meM rakhA hI nahIM gayA, vaha to itanA hI kara detA hai ki bhAvaprANa dhAraNa karanevAlA siddha hI evambhRta kI dRSTi meM jIva hai / asiddha dazA kI sthiti kA varNana kie binA siddhadazA kI sthiti kA varNana digambara karate haiM, isalie krama kA viparyAsa ho jAtA hai / ataH aprAptakAlatvarUpa nigrahasthAna kA prasaMga digambara ko prApta hotA haiN| isIlie vyavahArAdi nayoM se abhimata prANadhAraNarUpa audayikabhAva kA grAhakatva evambhRtanaya meM hai, sA mAnanA ucita hai| aisA mAnane meM "jIvati-prANAndhArayatIti jIvaH" yaha jIvapada kI vyutpatti bhI anukUla hotI hai, pUrva ke sUrilogoM ne aisA kahA bhI hai, jisa kA smaraNa digambaroM ko karanA cAhie, kyoMki una sariyoM kA kathana yuktisaMgata hai / [indriya kSAyopazamika bhAva hone se sirpha audayika bhAva kaise ? ] - (na cendriya) yadi digambaroM kI ora se yaha AzaMkA uThAyI jAya ki "indriyarUpaprANa to kSAyopazamika bhAva haiM, taba usa ko grahaNa karanevAlA evambhRtanaya audayikabhAvamAtra grAhaka hai arthAt karbha ke udaya se janita prANoM ke dhAraNa kA hI grAhaka hai, aisA kahanA kaise saMgata hogA?" to isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki evambhUtanaya pradhAna rUpa se jIvana zabda kA artha AyuSkarmodayarUpa hI mAnatA hai / apradhAnarUpa se kSAyopazamika prANoM ke dhAraNa kA niSedha nahIM hai, isalie audayikamAvabhAvarUpa prANa kA

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nayarahasya evambhUtanayaH siddho'pyetannaye sattvayogAt sattvaH, atati sttmprpryaayaa| gacchatItyAtmA ca syAdeva / asyApyupadarzitatatvo bhAvanikSepa evAbhimataH / tadeva lakSitAH saptApi nyaaH|| eteSu ca yadyapi kSaNikatvAdisAdhane nityatvAdiparAkaraNamekAntAnupravezAdapramANam, tathApi pareSAM taka iva pramANAnAM svarucivizeSarUpanayAnAmanugrAhakatvAdupayujyate iti sambhAvyate / tattva tu bahuzrutA vidanti // dhAraNa evambhUta kI dRSTi se viruddha nahIM hai / ataeva indriyarUpaprANa kA kabhI kabhI upaghAta ho jAtA hai to bhI AyuSkarma ke udayamAtra se jIvana kA nizcaya banA rahatA hai| digambaraloga yadi yaha zaMkA kareM ki-'jIva ke prati audAyikabhAvamAtra kA grAhaka evambhUta hove, to Apa ke mata meM bhI malaya giri sUri Adi AcAryoM ne bhAva sambandha se jo siddha meM bhI jIvatva kA kathana kiyA hai, vaha kaise saGgata hogA? evambhUta kI dRSTi se to siddha meM jIvatva nahIM honA cAhie, kyoMki vaha bhAvaprANa kI vivakSA jIva meM nahIM karatA hai|"-to isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki malayagiri sUri Adi AcAryo kA kathana evambhUta ke abhiprAya se nahIM, kintu naigamAdi nayoM ke abhiprAya se kiyA hai aura naigamAdinaya to audayika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika, aupazamika tathA pAriNAmika ina pA~coM prakAra ke bhAvoM ko jIva meM mAnate haiM / isI abhiprAya se hI prajJApanA Adi granthoM meM jIva meM jIvanaparyAya sadA hone ke kAraNa jIva ko bhI zAzvata batAyA gayA hai / hA~, digambaraloga prasthakanyAya se ati vizuddha nagamabheda ke abhiprAya se "tikkAla cadupANA0" ityAdi svagranthasthapUrvokta gAthA kA vyAkhyAna karate ho aura siddha meM hI jIvatva kA pratipAdana karate ho, to hameM koI harja nahIM hai, evambhUta ke abhiprAya se siddha meM jo jIvatva kA kathana digambaroM kA hai, usI meM hamalogoM kA virodha hai / choTI sI bAta ke lie aba adhika carcA karanA niSphala hone ke kAraNa ucita nahIM hai| (siddho'pyetannaye) evambhUtanaya kI dRSTi se siddha ko jIva nahIM kahA jAtA, kyoMki siddha meM prANadhAraNa kriyArUpa audayikabhAva ko evambhUta nahIM mAnatA hai| kiMtu evambhUtanaya ke mata meM sattva aura AtmA zabda kA prayoga siddha ke liye bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki utpAdavyayadhrauvyarUpa sattva kA sambandha siddha meM bhI rahatA hai| AtmazabdArtha nirantara apara-apara paryAya kA anugamana siddha meM bhI prApta hotA hai / Atmazabda kI vyutpatti kA nimitta aparAparaparyAyagamana hI hotA hai aura usa kA yoga siddha meM bhI rahatA haiM / yaha evambhUta kI mAnyatA hai| evambhUtanaya ko bhI nikSepacatuSTaya meM bhAvanikSepa hI mAnya hai; jisa kA sAra pUrvagrantha se batA diyA gayA hai / isa rIti se naigamAdi sAtoM nayoM kA lakSaNa jAnanA cAhie, jo isa lakSaNaprakaraNa meM kahe gae haiN| 25

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194 upA. yazovijayaracite eteSu ca balavattvA'balavatvAdivicAre'pekSauva zaraNam / nishcyvyvhaaraabhimtkaarnnaanaamaanntrypaarmpryvyvsthitaanaampypekssaa'vishessaat| 'pUrvasya pareNopakSayAdvizeSa' iti cet ? na,-'dAsena me kharaH krItaH' ityAdi nyAyAtparasyeva pUrvaNopakSayAn / 'vyavahitasya vyavadhAna mevopakSaya' iti cet ? na, vyApAreNa vyavadhAnA'bhAvAt / 'IdRzA'vyavadhAnAcchuddhA'vyavadhAnameva nyAyyami'ti cet ? na, icchAmAtrazaraNatvAt / 'kriyAnaye [nayoM ke dvArA pramANeAM kA upagraha-anugraha ] [eteSu ca yadyapi] ye naigamAdi sAtoM naya apane apane viSaya ko siddha karate haiM usa samaya apane anabhimata viSaya kA nirAkaraNa bhI karate haiN| jaise-kSaNikatva kA sAdhana jaba karate haiM usa samaya sthiratA kA khaNDana bhI karate haiM / anityatva kA sAdhana jaba karate haiM, usa samaya nityatva kA nirAkaraNa karate haiM / evam , nityatva ko sAdhana karate samaya anityatva kA khaNDana karate haiM / yaha nityatvAdi kA nirAkaraNa pramANarUpa nahIM hai kyoMki nityatva kA nirAkaraNa karane se anityatvAdirUpa ekAnta meM anupraveza ho jAtA hai, taba aise apramANa vastu kA nirUpaNa anupayukta siddha hotA hai / isataraha kI AzaMkA yadi yahA~ naya nirUpaNa meM kI jAya to isa kA samAdhAna granthakAra tarka ke udAharaNa se karate haiM ki- tArkika loga anumAnAdi pramANoM meM jaba vyabhicAra Adi doSoM kA udabhAvana koI prativAdI karatA hai, to usa kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie tarka kA Azraya lete haiM aura vyabhicArAdi doSoM kI sambhAvanA ko usa ke dvArA dUra karate haiN| vaha tarka AhAryajJAna svarUpa mAnA jAtA hai| vyApya ke Aropa se vyApaka ke Aropa kA honA yaha tarka kA lakSaNa tArkika loga mAnate haiM / vaha tarka icchAjanya bhramAtmaka jJAnarUpa hone se apramANa hai. yaha bhI ve acchI taraha samajhate haiM, to bhI tarka ke dvArA pramANa meM samarthana prApta hotA hai aura pramANoM kA anugrAhaka hone se apramANabhUta tarka ko bhI upayogI mAnate haiM / usI rIti se prastuta meM nityatvAdi kA nirAkaraNa karanevAle svAbhiprAya vizeSarUpa naya paraspara me milakara pramANa se vastu ke pratipAdana meM atIva upayogI haiM / ataHpramANa kA anugrAhaka hone se nityatvAdi ke nirAkaraNa karanevAle bhI naya anupayogI to nahIM hai-yaha sambhAvanA karane meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai / tathApi isa viSaya meM kyA sAravastu hai vaha to bahuzruta AcArya hI dikhA sakate haiM kyoMki ve loga aneka zAstroM kA zravaNa manana Adi karanevAle hote haiN| [ nayoM meM balavAn-durbala bhAva icchAdhIna ] eteSu ca] yahA~ yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki-'pUrva varNita ye sAtoM naya abhiprAya vizeSarUpa haiM aura bhinna bhinna viSayoM ko mAnate haiM / abhiprAyarUpatA ina sabhI nayoM meM samAna hai taba ina meM yaha balavAna hai aura yaha durbala hai isa kA nirNaya kisa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai ?-isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki apekSA ke AdhAra para hI ina meM bala. vattva aura durbalatva kA vicAra ho sakatA hai / "naigama se Arambha kara evambhUtanaya taka

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nayarahasye nayabalAbalavimarzaH svaviSayasamavadhAnaniyatetaraviSayasamavadhAnaM vizeSa' iti cet ? na, caramakAraNIbhUta kriyAjanakajJAna viSayatvAt jJAnanayasyApi vizeSAt / 'kriyAnaye kAyau payiko vizeSo, jJAnanaye tu vyavahAraupayika' iti cet ! na, jJAnanayavizeSasyApi paramparayA kAyau payikatvAt , pAramparyAnantarya yorvizeSazcecchAmAtrAdevetyuktam // uttarottaranaya pUrva-pUrvanayApekSayA sUkSmavastu ko mAnate haiM / isalie uttarottaranaya sUkSmadarzI hone ke kAraNa pUrvapUrvanaya kI apekSA se prabala hote haiM aura pUrva-pUrvanaya sthUladazI hone ke kAraNa uttarottaranaya kI apekSA se durbala hote haiM / isa prakAra nayoM ke viSayoM meM sUkSmatva hI prabalatA kA prayojaka aura sthUlatva hI durbalatA kA prayojaka hotA hai " aisA jo sunA jAtA hai vaha bhI apekSAdhIna hai| [nizcaya] jaina siddhAnta meM "naigamatva, vyavahAratva, saMgrahatva" Adi rUpa se jaise nayoM kA vibhAjana mAnA gayA hai, vaise anyarUpa se bhI vibhAjana mAne gae haiM / jaise dravyArthikatva aura paryAyArthikatvarUpa se bhI ina sAtoM nayoM kA vibhAga kiyA jAtA hai| dravya kI pradhAnatA ko lekara vastu kA pratipAdana karanevAle naya "dravyArthika" kahe jAte haiM / ve naya "naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra" ye tIna haiM / paryAya kI pradhAnatA ko lekara vastu kA pratipAdana jo karate haiM, ve paryAyArthika vibhAga meM Ate haiM jaise-RjusUtra, zabda, samAbhirUDha aura evambhUta / ye sAtoM naya arthanaya aura zabdanaya rUpa meM bhI vibhakta hote haiM / jahA~ zabda ke AdhAra para nahIM kintu svatantrarUpa se artha kA vicAra kiyA jAtA hai ve naya "arthanaya" zabda se vyavahRta hote haiM / jaise : naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra aura RjusUtra / jina meM zabda ke liGgavacana Adi ke AdhAra para artha kA nirNaya kiyA jAtA "zabdanaya" mAne jAte haiM, kyoMki ina meM zabda kI hI pradhAnatA rahatI hai| aise naya zabda, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta ye tIna haiN| ye sAtoM naya nizcaya aura vyavahAra isa rUpa meM bhI vibhakta mAne gae haiM / nizcayanaya use kahA jAtA hai jo kArya ke nikaTatamavartI kAraNoM kA hI kAraNarUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai / vyavahAranaya pAramparika kAraNoM ko bhI kAraNarUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai| isItaraha ye naya kriyAnaya aura jJAnarUpanaya se bhI vibhakta mAne gae haiM / kriyA ko hI phalaniSpatti meM pradhAna mAnatA hai vaha kriyAnaya hai aura jJAna kA hI prAdhAnya mAnatA hai vaha jJAnanaya mAnA gayA hai| prastuta meM nizcaya-vyavahAra kI bAta hai-"nizcayanaya" kArya ke prati jo avyavahita pUrvavartI kAraNa hotA hai usI meM kAraNatva mAnatA hai / jaise ghaTa ke prati kumbhakAra kA vyApAra hI kAraNa hai aura kumbhakAra kA jJAnAdi nahIM, isalie usa ke mata meM kArya ke prati ve hI kAraNa hote haiM jina meM kArya kA avyavahita Anantarya rahatA hai, isa prakAra kAraNatA kI vyavasthA meM nizcayanaya ko Anantarya kI apekSA hai| isI taraha vyavahAranaya meM jo jo kAraNa mAne jAte hai, ve kArya kI apekSA se avyavahita pUrvavatI hI honA cAhi aisA Agraha nahIM hai kintu paramparayA jo kAraNa hote haiM ve bhI vyavahAranaya se kAraNa mAne gae haiN| jaise-ghaTa ke prati kumbhakAra, daNDa Adi bhI kAraNa haiN| yahA~ pAramparya kI

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upA. yazovijayaracite apekSA se kAraNatva kI vyavasthA vyavahAranaya meM mAnate haiM / ata: donoM vyavasthAoM meM apekSA samAnarUpa se mUla banatI hai / Anantarya kI apekSA ko lekara nizcayanaya ko balavAna mAnA jAya yA pAramparya kI apekSA lekara vyavahAranaya ko balavAna kahA jAya isa meM icchA hI pradhAna hai| yahA~ yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki "donoM vyavasthAoM meM Apane apekSAdhIna balavattA ko batAyA hai vaha yukta nahIM haiM, usa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki nizcayanayane jo Anantarya kI apekSA se kAraNatA kI vyavasthA kI hai vahI ucita hai; vyavahAranayane pAramparya kI apekSA se kAraNatA kI vyavasthA kI hai vaha ucita nahIM hai kyoMki avyavahita kAraNa se hI kArya kA udgama hotA hai, pUrvavartI vyavahita padArtha se kAryAtpatti taba taka nahIM hotI jaba taka avyavahita kAraNa kA samavadhAna na ho| avyavahita kAraNa aura vyavahita kAraNoM meM pUrvApara bhAva hotA hai yAnI avyavahita yaha paravI hai aura vyavahita yaha pUrvavartI hai, to paravartI ke dvArA pUrvavartI kA upakSaya yAnI caritArthatA ho jAtI hai / isaliye pAramparya kI apekSA se kAraNatA kI vyavasthA grAhya nahIM ho sakatI-isa kA samAdhAna granthakArane (vyavahAra vAdI kI ora se ] yaha dikhAyA hai ki pAramparya kI apekSA hI ucita hai, kyoMki yaha prasiddha hai ki dAsa ke dvArA agara kahIM se gadhe ko vikata liyA jAya to vaha gadhA bhI usa dAsa ke svAmI kA hI ho jAtA hai- isI prakAra vyavahita kAraNoM se hI avyavahita kAraNoM kA samavadhAna ho kara una avyavahita kAraNoM se kAryotpatti hotI hai isaliye avyavahita kAraNoM kA kArya bhI apane svAmI jaise vyavahita pUrvavartI kAraNoM kA hI ho jAtA hai, ata eva mAnanA to yahI cAhiye ki pUrva yAnI pAramparika kAraNoM se para kA yAnI nikaTavartI kAraNoM kA upakSaya yAnI caritArthatA ho jAtI hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"upakSaya kA artha hai vyavadhAna, aura vyavadhAna to vyavahita kAraNoM kA hI hotA hai, avyavahita kA nahIM hotA, ataH vyavahita kAraNoM ko hI upakSINa yAnI caritArtha mAnanA cAhiye-"to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki vyavadhAna kA artha hai bIca meM kisI kA honA, yahA~ bIca meM kevala vyApAra hI hai, dUsarA to koI nahIM hai| aura vyApAra ke vyavadhAna ko kahIM bhI vyavadhAnarUpa meM nahIM liyA jAtA kyoMki vaha to avyavadhAna kA sapAdaka hai ataH isa kA vyavadhAna nagaNya hotA hai isa liye vyavahita kA upakSaya nahIM hai| isa para yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'Apane vyApAra ke dvArA avyavadhAna dikhAyA vaha nyAyayukta nahIM hai, zuddha avyavadhAna ko lekara hI kAraNatA kI vyavasthA karanA nyAyayukta hai'-to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki yaha vastu kevala icchA para nirbhara hai| zuddhAvyavadhAnavAle kAraNa se pUrva kAraNa kA upakSaya hotA hai, yaha niyama yadi Apa apanI icchA se banAvege to koI vyakti apanI icchA se yaha bhI niyama banA sakatA hai ki "dAsena me kharaH krIta"0 ityAdi nyAya se vyApAra ko vyavadhAyaka na mAnakara pUrvakAraNa se hI para kA upakSaya hotA hai| Apa ke niyama meM icchA ko choDakara koI anya prayojaka nahIM hai aura icchA saba ko ekarUpa hI hotI nahIM haiM, isalie Apa kI icchA se viparIta icchAvAlA vyakti Apa se kalpita niyama ke viparIta niyama kI kalpanA kara sakatA hai, usa meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai| ataH nizcaya aura vyavahAra ke abhimata

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nayarahasye balAbalavimarzaH 197 kAraNoM meM Anantarya aura pAramparya kI apekSA se kAraNatva kI vyavasthA meM valavattA samAna hai aura nyAyya hai / [kriyAnaya aura jJAnanaya meM apanI apanI vizeSatA ] kriyAnaya aura jJAnanaya kI bAta kare to-kriyAnaya kArya ke prati kriyA ko hI mukhya kAraNa mAnatA hai, jJAnanaya jJAna ko hI mukhya kAraNa dikhAtA hai / isa meM kriyAvAdI kI ora se yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"kriyAnaya ke vaktavya meM eka aisI vizeSatA hai jisa se usa kI balavattA siddha hogii| vaha vizeSatA isa prakAra hai - kriyAnaya kA viSaya kriyA hai aura jJAnanaya kA viSaya jJAna hai| kArya kI utpatti tabhI hotI hai jaba sabhI kAraNa kriyAnvita ho jAte haiM, niSkriya kisI bhI kAraNa se koI kArya nahIM hotaa| jJAna cAhe kitanA bhI ho kiMtu kriyA meM vyApRta hue binA kArya nahIM hogaa| aba yaha dekhiye ki jaba kriyA sampanna ho jAyegI-kriyA kI upasthiti hogI taba anya jo jJAnAdi kAraNarUpa se abhimata haiM una kI upasthiti to avazya hogI hii| ataH kriyAnaya meM apane viSaya kA [kriyA kA samavadhAna hone para anya jJAnanayAdi ke viSaya kA [jJAnAdi kA samavadhAna niyamataH hotA hai yaha vizeSatA hai, jo jJAnanaya meM nahIM hai kyoMki jJAnanaya kA viSaya (jJAna) upasthita ho taba kriyA kA honA avazyabhAvI nahIM hai, ata: kriyAnaya balavAna siddha hogA"-to yaha ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki jaisI kriyAnaya meM Apane vizeSatA dikhAyI hai vaise jJAnanaya meM bhI vizeSatA dikhAyI jA sakatI hai / jJAnanaya kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki- kAryotpatti ke avyavahita pUrvakAla meM upasthita honevAlA jo antima kAraNa (kriyArUpa) hotA hai usa (kriyArUpa) kAraNa ko janma denevAlA to jJAna hI hotA hai kyoMki ghaTotpatti ke anukula jJAna hI kumbhakAra ko nahIM hogA to vaha ghaTotpAdana kI kriyA kaise karegA ? ataH antima kAraNa rUpa jo kriyA hai usa kA janaka jo jJAna hai vaha kevala jJAnanaya kA hI viSaya hai kriyAnaya kA nahIM-isaprakAra caramakAraNagata kriyA janaka jJAna-viSayatArUpa vizeSatA jJAnanaya meM hone se vahI balavAn hai| agara kahA jAya ki-"jJAnanaya kI vizeSatA kevala vyavahAra ke liye hI upayukta hai, arthAt 'aisI aisI kriyA se aisA aisA kArya utpanna hotA hai' ityAdi paThana-pAThana meM hI vaha upayogI haiM, jaba ki kriyAnaya kI vizeSatA to kAyauMpayika yAnI tvarita phalasapAdaka hai, ataH kriyAnaya balavAna hai"-to yaha bhI ThIka nahIM kyoMki jJAnanaya kI vizeSatA bhI paramparayA phalasa'pAdana meM hI upayukta hotI hai / ataH donoM meM se kisa ko balavAna mAnA jAya isa viSaya meM icchA hI prayojaka hai aura icchA sabhI kI ekarUpa nahIM hotI hai kintu bhinna-bhinna hotI hai, isalie kriyAnaya kI dRSTi se jo vizeSa hotA hai, usa kA prayojaka bhI icchAmAtra hai aura jJAnanaya kI dRSTi se jo vizeSa hotA hai, usa kA bhI prayojaka icchAmAtra hai, ataH eka vizeSa ko mAnyatA dI jAve aura itara vizeSa ko mAnyatA na dI jAye, isa meM koI ekatara pakSa kA sAdhaka pramANa nahIM hai / nizcayanayAbhimata kAraNoM meM Anantarya aura vyavahArAbhimata kAraNoM meM pAramparya hotA hai-isa prakAra kI vizeSatA se eka ko balavAn aura dUsare ko nirbala samajhanA yaha bhI icchAdhIna hI hai jo pahale kahA gayA hai|

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198 upA. yazovijayaracite ___ ata eva "itarakAraNaviziSTa caramakAraNa sAmagrI" iti sAmagrIlakSaNamanyatra nirAkRtam , vinigamanAvirahAt / na ca sambandhalAghavaM vinigamakaM, vizeSya iva vizeSaNe tatsambandhagrahAvazyakatve tadasiddheriti dik / / [ sAmagrI kI vyAkhyA meM vinigamanAviraha ] jahA~ donoM ora prabala yuktiyA~ dikhAI jA sakatI hai vahA~ kisa ko balavAn mAne aura kisa ko durbala ? isa meM icchA hI pradhAna hai-isI kAraNa se, jo kucha loga itara samasta kAraNoM kI upasthiti meM antimakAraNa ko phalotpAdaka sAmagrI rUpa kahate haiM vaha nirasta ho jAtA hai| sAmagrIvAda kI carcA meM kisI AcArya kA mata yaha hai ki "itara kAraNa viziSTa carama kAraNa hI sAmagrI hai" / jisa kAraNa ke avyavahita uttara kAla meM kArya kI utpatti ho jAve vahI kAraNa carama kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai| vaha kAraNa yadi anya kAraNoM se yukta ho, to vahI carama kAraNa sAmagrI padArtha hai kyoMki usa ke bAda kArya avazya hotA hai, isalie "sAmagrI kAryavyApya hotI hai" yaha niyama bhI mAnA gayA hai / isa lakSaNa ke anusAra avyavahita kAraNa meM hI kAraNatva kI vyavasthA siddha hotI hai, jo nizcayanaya athavA kriyAnaya vAdI ko abhimata hai| parantu isa mata meM vinigamanA viraha ke kAraNa anya AcArya isa sAmagrI ke lakSaNa meM sahamata nahIM hote haiN| una kA Azaya yaha hai ki-caramakAraNa viziSTa itarakAraNoM ko hI sAmagrI kA lakSaNa kyoM na mAnA jAya? donoM lakSaNoM meM kisI eka lakSaNa ko hI pramANita kare aisI koI adhika balavAn yakti to hai nhiiN| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki -"itarakAraNaviziSTa caramakAraNa ko sAmagrI mAnane meM vinigamanA kA viraha jo Apane batAyA hai vaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki jina vastuoM meM kAryakAraNabhAva mAnA jAtA hai, una me ekAdhikaraNavRttitvarUpa sAmAnAdhikaraNya bhI mAnA jAtA hai| jisa deza meM kArya utpanna hokara rahatA ho usa deza meM kAraNa ko rahanA Avazyaka hai| kArya aura kAraNa ina donoM kI sthiti yadi bhinna-bhinna deza meM hotI hai to usa kAraNa se vaha kArya nahIM hotA hai| bhAjana meM agni kA saMyoga na ho to usa meM sthita cAvala se odana nahIM banatA hai tathA usa bhAjana meM rahA huA jala garma nahIM hotA hai, isalie kArya aura kAraNa ina donoM kI ekadeza meM sthiti Avazyaka mAnI gaI hai| kArya ko kAryAdhAra deza meM rahane ke lie jisa sambandha kI AvazyakatA hotI hai, vaha sambandha kAryatAvacchedaka sambandha mAnA jAtA hai aura kAryAdhAradeza meM kAraNa ko rahane ke lie jo sambandha apekSita hotA hai, vaha sambandha kAraNatAvacchedaka kahA jAtA hai / itarakAraNaviziSTa caramakAraNa rUpa sAmagrI pakSa meM ghaTAdi ke prati caramakAraNa jo kumbhakAra kA hastavyApAra Adi, vaha ghaTarUpa kArya ke AdhArabhUta kapAlAdi deza meM AzrayatA sambandha se rahatA hai, isalie AzrayatA sambandha caramakAraNa kA kAraNatAvacchedaka sambandha hogA, vaha sambandha sAkSAt sambandharUpa paDegA / caramakAraNaviziSTa itarakAraNa ko yadi sAmagrI kA lakSaNa mAnA jAya to ve itara kAraNa daNDa, cIvara, cakra, kumbhakAra Adi hI ghaTa ke prati hoNge| ina itara kAraNoM kA kapAla meM rahanA

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH syAdetat-kurvadUpatvAccaramakAraNameva kriyAnayAbhimataM kAraNa yukta; nAnyat, sAkSAt sambandha se sambhavita nahIM hai kyoMki ve kAraNa paramparAkAraNarUpa hI hote haiM, isalie una ko kapAla meM rahane ke lie paramparA sambandha hI bnege| ve sambandha kumbhakAra ke lie svajanyavyApArAzrayatva, cakra ke lie svagatabhramijanyabhramyAzrayatva, daNDa ke lie svajanyabhramijanyabhramyAzrayatvarUpa hoNge| cIvarAdi ke lie bhI isItaraha ke paramparAsambandha hI paDege / ata: caramakAraNa sAmagrI pakSa meM sambandha kRta lAdhava hotA hai, yahI isa pakSa meM vinigamaka hai |"-prntu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai| kAraNa yaha hai ki caramakAraNaviziSTa itarakAraNa ko sAmagrI mAnane ke pakSa meM itarakAraNa vizeSya banate haiM, ve paramparA kAraNarUpa hote haiM ataH una ko kAryAdhAradeza meM rakhane ke lie sAkSAt sambandha upayukta nahIM hotA hai, kintu paramparA sambandha hI upayukta hote haiM, isalie isa pakSa meM Apa ko sambandhakRta gaurava bhAsita hotA hai-aura "itarakAraNa viziSTa caramakAraNa sAmagrI" isa pakSa meM caramakAraNa ko kAryAdhAradeza meM rakhane ke lie sAkSAta sambandha upayukta hone ke kAraNa lAghava bhAsatA hai-yaha sUkSmadarzitA na hone ke kAraNa hI bhAsatA hai| vastusthiti to yaha hai ki itarakAraNa viziSTa caramakAraNarUpa sAmagrIpakSa meM bhI itarakAraNa aura una ke sambandhoM kA bhAna Avazyaka hI hai| antara kevala itanA hI hai ki pUrvapakSa meM itarakAraNa vizeSya bane the aura isa pakSa meM itarakAraNa caramakAraNa meM vizeSaNarUpa se bhAsate haiN| caramakAraNa meM itarakAraNoM kI vizeSaNa ke lie sAmAnAdhikaraNya sambandha hI mAnamA hogA kyoMki caramakAraNa me vizeSaNarUpa se bhAsamAna hone para bhI itara kAraNoM ko kAryAdhAradeza meM rahanA Avazyaka hI hai, nahIM to itarakAraNa aura caramakAraNa ina donoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya hI siddha nahIM hogA / "sAmAnAdhikaraNya" zabda se ekAdhikaraNavRttitva kA bodha hotA hai / itara kAraNoM ke adhikaraNa meM caramakAraNa kA rahanA yahI caramakAraNa me itara kAraNoM kA sAmAnAdhikaraNya hai / taba to, vizeSaNIbhUta itara kAraNoM ko kisI sambandha se kAryAdhAradeza meM rahanA Avazyaka hotA hai aura usa ke lie paramparA sambandhoM kA hI upayoga karanA hogA, taba to una paramparA sambandhoM kA jJAna itarakAraNaviziSTa caramakAraNarUpa sAmagrIpakSa meM bhI Avazyaka hI hai / jaba donoM pakSoM meM gurubhUta paramparAsambandhoM kA jJAna samAnarUpa se apekSita hai, taba sambandhakRta lAghava kI siddhi isa pakSa meM bhI nahIM ho sakatI hai| isalie anya AcAryo ke mata se "caramakAraNaviziSTa itarakAraNoM ko sAmagrIrUpa meM mAnA jAya to bhI koI harja nahIM hai / ataH kAraNoM meM Anantarya aura pAramparya ke AdhAra para balavAna-durbalatva kI vyavasthA icchAmAtra para hI nirbhara rahatI hai, aisA mAnanA hI yukta hai / yahA~ "dika" pada kA prayoga kara ke granthakAra ne yaha sUcita kiyA hai ki isataraha kI zaMkA tathA samAdhAna kI paramparA adhika bhI ho sakatI hai, jisa kA dizAsUcana isa grantha meM kiyA gayA hai / [ kurvadrUpa caramakAraNa hI ekamAtra kAraNa-dIrgha AzaMkA ] [syAdetada] "nizcayanaya' kI dRSTi se caramakAraNa meM hI kAraNatva rahatA haiisa vastu kA nirAkaraNa pUrva grantha se yadyapi kiyA gayA hai to bhI "syAdetat" yahA~

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200 upA. yazovijayaracite ata eva kriyAsiddhathaiva kurvapatvopapattau 'kriyamANaM kRtameve ti vadanti / na caivaM kRtakaraNA'samAptiH siddhasyApi sAdhane karaNavyApArAnuparamAditi vAcyam , kAryamutpAdya kriyoparameNa tatsamAptaH / na ca yAdRzavyApAravatAM daNDAdInAM pUrva sattvaM, tAdRzAnAmeva teSAM kvacid ghaTotpattyanantaramapi sambhave, tadA tadutpattiprasaGga iti vAcyam , sthUlatatsatve'pi sUkSmakriyAvigamAt / na ca takriyAyA ghaTotpatteH prAksatve tadApi tadutpattiprasaGgo'sattve ca kAryA'vyavahitapUrvavRttitvA'bhAvena kAraNatvAnupapattiriti vAcyam , kAryavyApyatAvacchedakapariNAma vizeSarUpakAraNatAyAH kAryasahavRttitAniyamAt / ata eva kurvadrUpatvamaprAmANikam , bIjavAdinA sAryAtjAtirUpatadasiddheriti nirastam / se lekara "gambhIra nayamatama kiyadiha vivicyate'...yahA~ taka ke grantha se pUrvapakSa uttara. pakSa dvArA caramakAraNa meM hI kAraNatva kA samarthana kiyA gayA hai / isa samarthana meM kSaNikatvavAdI bauddhamata kA bhI Azraya liyA gayA hai| usa ke bAda vyavahArAbhimata kAraNoM meM kAraNatva kA vyavasthApana sthiravAda ko lekara kiyA gayA hai| itanA saMdarbha yahA~ samajha lenA ucita hAgA / apa kriyAnayavAdI kahatA hai ki kAryotpAdana meM jo samartha hotA hai, vaha apane kArya ko karane meM vilamba arthAt kAlakSepa nahIM karatA hai aura kisI anya vastu kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai| jaise-kheta meM boyA gayA bIja aMkura ko utpanna karatA hI hai aura aMkura utpanna karane meM vaha vilamba bhI nahIM karatA hai, tathA anya kisI sahAyaka kI apekSA bhI nahIM karatA hai, isalie aMkurarUpa kArya ke prati vaha bIja karvadarUpa kahA jAtA hai| vahI caramakAraNa hai aura kAraNatA bhI usI meM rahatI hai / koThAra meM par3A huA bIja yadi aMkura ko unpanna karane meM samartha hotA, to jarUra aMkura ko vilamba kie binA utpanna kara detA, so to dekhane meM AtA nahIM hai, isalie vaha zilAkhaMDa ke jaise aMkura ko utpanna karane meM bilakula asamartha hai, ataH aMkura ke prati kAraNatA usa meM nahIM ho sakatI hai / yadi aisA kahA jAya ki-'miTTI aura jala kA saMyogarUpa sahakArI kAraNoM kI upasthiti meM koThAragata bIja meM sAmarthya A jAtA hai aura taba vaha bhI aMkura ko kara detA hai'-parantu aisA kahanA yukta nahIM hai kyoMki yadi usa meM svataH sAmarthya nahIM hai to saikaDoM sahakArIoM kA sayoga ho sAmarthya nahIM A sakatA hai / jaise-zilAkhaMDa meM jala-miTTI kA saMyoga Adi kitane bhI sahakArIoM kA yoga hone para bhI sAmarthya nahIM AtA hai kyoMki usa meM aMkarajanana sAmarthya svataH nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki koThAra ke bIja meM sahakArI ke yoga se sAmarthya hotA hai yaha bAta sambhavita bhI nahIM hai kyoMki sahakArIoM se yadi kucha upakAra yA vizeSa kA AdhAna koThAra ke bIja upara nahIM hotA to vaha sahakArIoM kI apekSA hI kyoM karegA ? yadi kucha upakAra koThAragata bIja meM sahakArIoM ke dvArA hotA hai. aisA mAna le to usa sahakArarUpa kArya karane meM una sahakArIoM ko anya sahakArIoM

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH 201 kI apekSA avazya hogI, kyoMki una sahakArIoM meM bhI svataH sAma to sthiravAdI mAnate hI nahIM haiM / isataraha una anya sahakArIoM dvArA pUrva sahakArIoM meM kucha upakAra mAnanA hI hogA, nahIM to una sahakArIoM kI apekSA hI nahIM hogii| anupakArI kI apekSA koI nahIM karatA hai, yaha lokaprasiddha bAta hai / ataH pUrvasahakArIoM meM itara sahakArIoM ko bhI svabhinna sahakArAoM kI apekSA se upakAra karanA hogA, isataraha anavasthA doSa upasthita hotA hai| sahakArI upakAra karane meM svabhinna sahakArIo kI apekSA nahIM rakhate haiM, kyoMki ve svataH samartha hai, aisA mAna le to kSaNikavAda meM hI praveza ho jAyagA / isalie, kurvadarUpatva caramakAraNa meM rahatA hai, aura caramakAraNa se bhinna kAraNa na to kurvadarUpa hai aura vastutaH na kAraNa hI hai yaha "kriyAnaya" kI mAnyatA hI yukta hai| caramakAraNa meM hI kAraNatA rahatI hai, isIlie jaina mata meM 'kriyamANa' ghaTAdi vastu ko 'yaha kRta hI hai' isataraha dikhAyA gayA hai / caramakAraNa kA yoga hone para ghaTAdikriyA kI siddhi ho jAtI hai, umI se ghaTAdivastu ko kRta mAna liyA jAtA hai aura kriyA kI siddhi se hI caramakAraNa meM kurvadurUpatva kI upapatti hotI hai| yadi kriyA kI siddhi rahane para caramakAraNa hI na ho to ghaTAdirUpa kArya kRta yA niSpanna nahIM mAnA jAyagA, taba to caramakAraNa meM kurvadarUpatva aura tanmUlaka kAraNatva bhI nahIM hogaa| ataH kAraNatva siddha karane ke lie kurvadrUpatva kI apekSA rahatI hai aura kurvadarUpatva kA siddhi ke lie kriyAsiddhi kI apekSA rahatI hai| kriyAsiddhi mAna lene para 'ghaTAdikArya kRta hai' aisA mAnanA Avazyaka hai, isalie 'kriyamANa kRta hI hai' aisA jaina pravAda saMgata hotA hai| yahA~ zaMkA uTha sakatI hai ki-"kriyamANa ko kRta mAnA jAya to isa kA matalaba yaha huA ki jo kRta-nimpanna hai vahI kriyamANa yAnI kiyA jA rahA hai taba to kRta ke karaNa kI samApti hI na hogI, kintu kRta kA karaNa sadA hotA hI rahegA kyoMki siddha ghaTAdi vastu kA bhI yadi sAdhana mAnA jAya to ghaTAdi ke prati kAraNabhUta daNDAdi kI kriyA kA virAma kabhI na hogA ? / '- to isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki daNDAdi kAraNoM kI kriyA kA phala hai ghaTAdi kArya kI utpatti / vaha jaba ho jAtI hai, taba daNDAdigata kriyA jisa ko karaNavyApAra karate haiM, vaha svayaM nivRtta ho jAtI hai / isalie kRta ke karaNa kI bhI samApti ho jAtI hai| ___ yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'ghaTAdi kArya kI utpatti se avyavahitapUrvakAla meM jisataraha kI kriyA se yukta daNDAdirUpa karaNa rahate haiM, usItaraha kI kriyA se yukta daNDAdi ghaTotpatti ke uttarakAla meM bhI anuvartamAna raheMge to usa kAla meM bhI ghaTAdi kI utpatti kA prasaMga AvegA, parantu, ghaTAdi kI utpatti ke bAda punaH ghaTAdi kI utpatti kisI ko mAnya nahIM hai isalie usa ko iSTApatti bhI nahIM kaha sakate haiM, ataH ghaTotpatti ke bAda punaH ghaTotpatti kA prasaMgarUpa doSa kriyAnayavAdI ke mata meM rhegaa|'-prntu yaha kahanA TIka nahIM hai kyoMki daNDAdirUpa kAraNoM meM kadAcita cakrabhramaNa janaka sthala kriyA ghaTotpatti ke bAda rahegI to bhI kurvadarUpAtmaka sUkSma kriyA ghaTotpatti ke bAda daNDAdi meM nahIM rahatI hai, isalie usa kAla meM punaH ghaTotpatti kA prasaGga nahIM AtA hai|

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202 upA. yazovijayaracite yaha Apatti dI jAya ki-"ghaTotpatti se pUrvakSaNa meM daNDAdi meM yadi kurvadarUpAtmaka sUkSma kriyA rahatI hai yA nahIM ? yadi pUrvakSaNa meM sUkSma kriyA kI sattA mAnI jAya to, ghaTotpatti se pUrvakSaNa meM bhI ghaTotpatti kA prasaMga AvegA / yadi pUrvakAla meM mukSma kriyA kI sattA na mAnI jAya to usa meM kAraNatva hI nahIM AvegA kyoMki 'kArya se avyava. hita pUrvakSaNa meM rahanA, yahI kAraNatA padArtha hai, vaha to usa sUkSmakriyA meM ghaTatA nahIM hai, kyoMki usa kI sattA pUrvakSaNa meM nahIM mAnI gayI hai ?"-to isa Apatti kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki kAryAvyavahitapUrvakSaNavRttitva ko kAraNatA kA svarUpa nahIM mAnate haiM, kintu kAryavyApyatAvacchedaka pariNAmavizeSa ko hI kAraNatA kA svarUpa mAnate haiM / tathAvidha pariNAmavizeSa se yukta daNDAdi hI kAraNa yA karaNa kahA jAtA hai| jisa jisa kAla meM daNDAdi tathAvidhapariNAma yukta hote haiM, usa usa kAla meM ghaTAdi kArya hote hI haiM, imalie tathAvidha pariNAmayukta daNDAdi, ghaTAdirUpa kArya ke vyApya hue aura daNDAdi meM rahA huA tathAvidhapariNAmavizeSa ghaTAdikAryaniSTha vyApakatAnirUpita vyApyatA kA avacchedaka bhI banatA hai / tathAvidha pariNAma ko kurvadarUpatva kahA jAtA hai / tathAvidhapariNAmarUpa kAraNatA niyamataH kAryasamakAlavRtti hI hotI hai| ataH ghaTotpatti se pUrva meM ghaTotpatti kA Apatti nahIM AtI hai aura daNDAdi meM kAraNatA kI anupapatti bhI nahIM hai| ukta pariNAmavizeSarUpa kAraNatA meM niyamataH kAryasahavRttitA hone ke kAraNa kurvadarUpatva bhI pramANasiddha ho jAtA hai kyoMki ukta pariNAma meM kArya niSThavyApakatAnirUpitavyApyatAvacchedakatva hI kurvadarUpatva kA sAdhaka bana jAtA hai| ___ ata eva tArkikoM kA yaha kathana-bIjatvAdi ke sAtha sAMkarya hone se jAtirUpa kurvadrUpatva kI siddhi na hone se kurvadarUpatva apramANika hai-isa kathana kA bhI nirAsa ho jAtA hai, kyoMki sAMkarya ke kAraNa jAtirUpa kurvadarUpatva kI siddhi na hone para bhI pariNAmavizeSa kurvadarUpatva kI siddhi kAryavyApyatAvacchedakatva ke dvArA ho hI jAtI hai, isalie vaha prAmANika hI hai| [ kurvadrUpatva meM jAtisAMkarya kI spaSTatA ] yahA~ itanA jAna lenA Avazyaka hai ki sAMkarya prayukta jAtirUpatA kA abhAva kurvadarUpatva meM kaise AtA hai, tathA sAMkaryapadArtha kyA hai aura sAMkarya se bhinna aura bhI kucha jAtirUpatA meM bAdhaka mAnA hai yA nahIM, yadi mAnA hai to ve kyA haiM ? isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki 'kiraNAvalI' grantha meM jAtibAdhaka padArtho kA saMgraha kiyA gayA hai "vyakterabhedastulyatvaM saMkaro'thAnavasthitiH / rUpahAnirasaMbandho jAtibAdhakasaMgrahaH / " isa ke anusAra jisa dharma kA Azrayavyakti eka hI ho, vaha dharma jAtirUpa nahIM mAnA jAtA hai / jaise-AkAzatva dharma kA Azraya AkAza eka hI hai, isalie AkAzatva jAti nahIM hai / tulyatva, svabhinnajAtisamaniyatatvarUpa yahA~ vivikSita hai, vaha bhI jAtirUpatA kA bAdhaka hai ataH kamyugrIvAdimattva jAtirUpa nahIM mAnA jAtA, kyoMki kamyugrIvAdimattva se bhinna jAti ghaTatva hai aura ghaTatva kA samaniyata arthAt samavyApaka kambugrIvAdimattva hai| yadyapi ghaTatva, kalazatva bhI samaniyata hI haiM tathApi una meM parasparabheda nahIM mAnA jAtA hai, isalie ve donoM eka jAtirUpa haiM / saMkara pada se sakI vidhakSiA hai, jo jAtirUpatA

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvicAraH 203 athaivaM cakrabhramaNAdyapalakSitadIrgha kriyAkAle kuto na dRzyate ghaTaH ? yadi kriyakA bAdhaka mAnA gayA hai / "parasparAtyantAbhAvasamAnAdhikaraNadharmayoH ekatra samAvezaH sAMkaryam" yaha sAMkarya kA lakSaNa hai| yaha lakSaNa kurvadarUpatva meM bhI ghaTatA hai / bIjatva ke sAtha sAMkarya isaprakAra hai-jahA~ bIjatva nahIM rahatA hai vahA~ daNDAdi meM kurvadarUpatva rahatA hai, ataH kurvadUpatvadharma bIjatvAbhAva kA samAnAdhikaraNa banatA hai tathA kurvadarUpatva kA abhAva koThAra ke bIja meM rahatA hai aura vahA~ bIjatva to rahatA hI hai ataH bIjatvadharma kurvadUrUpatvAbhAva kA samAnAdhikaraNa hotA hai| ina donoM dharmo kA samAveza kSetragata kurvadarUpAtmaka bIja meM hotA hai kyoMki kSetragata bIja meM kurvadarUpatva aura bIjatva ye donoM dharma rahate haiN| ataH bIjatva ke sAtha kurvadarUpatva kA sAMkarya kurvadurUpatva kI jAtirUpatA kA bAdhaka hai / isarIti se tArkika loga kurvadurUpatva meM aprAmANikatA siddha karate haiN| anavasthA ko bhI jAtibAdhaka mAnate haiM, isalie ghaTatvAdi jAtiyoM meM ghaTatvatvAdi dharma jAtirUpa nahIM mAne gae haiM / yadi jAtiyoM meM bhI jAtirUpa dharma ho to tAdRzajAti sahita anyajAtiyoM meM bhI koI jAtirUpa dharma ho sakegA, usa dvitIya-tRtIya jAtiyoM meM bhI koI jAtirUpa dharma mAnane para anavasthA A jAtI hai / "rUpahAni" pada se tArkikAbhimata vizeSoM kA svarUpa jo svato vyAvartakatva una ko mAnya hai, usa kI hAni ho jAyegI / vizeSoM meM yadi vizeSatva ko jAti mAnA jAya to vaha vizeSatva jAti hI vizeSoM kI vyAvRtti kA kAraNa bana jAyagI kyoMki jAtimAn padArtha kA vyAvartana jAti dvArA hI ho jAtA hai| jaise-go padArtha kA azva padArtha se vyAvartana gotva jAti dvArA hI hotA hai| phalataH vizeSoM kI vizeSarUpatA khaMDita ho jAne ke bhaya se rUpahAni bhI jAtirUpatA meM bAdhaka mAnI gayI hai| "asambandha" pada se, pratiyogitA-anuyogitA etad anyatara sambandha se samavAya kA abhAva vivakSita hai, vaha jAtirUpatA meM bAdhaka hai / isIlie samavAyatva aura abhAvatva ye dharma jAtirUpa nahIM mAne gae haiM kyoMki samavAya aura abhAva ye donoM padArtha samavAya sambandha se kahIM rahate nahIM haiM, kintu vizeSaNatAtmaka yA vizepyatAtmaka svarUpasambandha se hI rahate haiN| isalie pratiyogitAsambandha se samavAya yaha samavAya tathA abhAvapadArtha meM nahIM rahatA hai / isItaraha samavAya aura abhAva meM bhI koI bhI vastu samavAya sambandha se nahIM rahatI hai, jo bhI samavAyatva, abhAvatva, padArtha tva. prameyatvAdi dharma una meM rahate haiM, ve svarUpa sambandha se hI rahate haiM / isalie samavAya anuyogitAsambandha se bhI samavAya aura abhAva, meM nahIM rahatA hai, ataH pratiyogitAanuyogitA etada anyatara sambandha se samavAya kA abhAva, samavAya meM rahatA hai aura abhAva meM bhI rahatA hai, vaha abhAva jAtirUpatA meM bAdhaka banatA hai, isalie samavAyagata vAyatvarUpa dharma aura abhAvagata abhAvatvarUpa dharma jAtirUpa nahIM hote hai| yaha naiyAyikoM kA sampradAya hai, jo prakRta meM upayogI hone ke kAraNa yahA~ para dikhA diyA gayA hai / [ cakrabhramaNAdi dIrgha kriyAkAla meM ghaTAnupalabdhi kA rahasya ] [athavaM] yahA~ yaha zaMkA uTha sakatI hai ki 'kriyamANa arthAt vartamAna kriyAdhikaraNakSaNa meM honevAlA kArya niyamataH yadi kRta hI mAnA jAya to ghaTa banAne kI kriyAoM

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204 upA. yazovijayaracite mANaH kRta eveti cet ? na, kriyAyA dIrghakAlatvA'siddheH caramasamaye tadabhyupagamAt / ghaTagatAbhilASotkarSavazAdeva mRnmadanAdyAntarAlikakAryakAraNavelAyAM 'ghaTaM karomI'tivyavahArAt / taduktam-(vi0 bhASye) "paisamayakajjakoDINiravekkho vaDagayAhilAso si / paisamayakajjakAlaM thUlamaI ghaDaMmi lAesi // 2318 // iti / 'kRtasyaiva karaNe kriyAvaiphalyami'tyapi na ramaNIyam kriyayeva niSThAM janayitvA kAryasya kRtatvopapAdanAt / "kRtameva kriyA janayati nA'kRtam asattvAt, kriyAjanitatvAccakRtamityanyonyAzraya" iti cet ? na, ghaTatvAdinaiva ghaTAdi kriyAjanyatvAt , kA dIrghakAla anubhava meM AtA hai, jisa meM miTTi kA Anayana aura usa kA mardana, cakra ke upara usa kA sthApana, kulAla kA daNDagrahaNa tathA daNDa kA ghaTa ke sAtha yojana aura usa daNDa se bhramaNa ke lie cakra kA dRDharUpa se preraNa, usa ke bAda cakra kA bhramaNa, usa ke sAtha cakra ke upara piNDa kA bhramaNa, ghUmate hue miTTIpiNDa meM kulAla kI hastakalA, usa ke bAda tantuvizeSa se ghaTa kA chedana-itanI kriyAoM kA honA dikhatA hai| isa dIrghakAla meM jisa kSaNa meM ghaTa kA kriyA kA prArambha hotA hai, usa kSaNa meM bhI yadi vaha niSpanna mAnA jAya to usa kSaNa meM bhI ghaTa kA pratyakSa honA cAhie tathA cakrabhramaNAdi kriyAkAla meM bhI usa kA pratyakSa honA cAhie kyoMki caramasamaya meM jaise vaha ghaTAdi kArya niSpanna rahatA hai, vaise hI usa se pUrvapUrvakSaNoM meM bhI niSpanna rahatA hai|'-is zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki ghaTakurvadarUpa kriyA to usIkAla meM hotI hai jisa kSaNa meM ghaTa utpanna hotA hai, vaha samaya eka caramasamayarUpa hI hai / isIlie ghaTakurvadarUpAtmaka kriyA meM dIrdhakAlatva hotA hI nahIM hai, ataH caramasamaya meM hI ghaTa meM kriyamANatva aura kRtatva ye donoM rahate haiN| isalie miTTI ke AnayanAdi kAla meM ghaTa kI upalabdhi nahIM hotI hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki 'miTTI kA Anayana, mardana Adi pUrvakSaNoM meM bhI "gha karomi" yaha jo vyavahAra hotA hai, vaha kaise banegA kyoMki Apane caramasamaya meM hI ghaTa meM kriyamANatva kA siddhAnta mAna liyA hai ?' isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki miTTI ke AnayanakAla se lekara cakra para se ghaTa ko utArane taka madhyavartI tattatkSaNAtmaka kAla meM bhI bhinna bhinna bahuta kArya utpanna hote haiM, parantu una kAryoM kI gaNanA alpajJa loka kara pAte nahIM haiM kintu una pratyeka samayoM meM honevAle kArya ke sambandhI sabhI kAloM ko 'ghaTotpatti kA hI yaha kAla hai' aisA mAna lete haiN| isa kA kAraNa yaha hai ki usa kAla meM 'yahA~ ghaTa kI utpatti ho' aisI prabala abhilASA logoM kI rahatI hai, kyoMki logoM kA prayojana jalAharaNAdi, ghaTa se hI siddha hotA hai, ataH ghaTa ko hI pradhAna mAna lete haiM / tattatkSaNoM meM utpanna AntarAlika anya kAryo kI upekSA kara dete haiM / isalie "ghaTaM karomi" aisA vyavahAra hotA hai| isa vastu kA samarthana karane ke lie pUrvapakSI "vizeSAvazyaka bhASya" kI gAthA kA yahA~ pradarzana kara rahA hai, ["pratisamayakAryakoTInirapekSo ghaTagatAbhilASo'si / pratisamayakAryakAla sthUlamate ! ghaTe laga. yasi" // iti / ] usa kA tAtparyaH-miTTI ke Anayana se Arambha karake tantucheda paryanta

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nayarahasya kAraNatAvimarzaH 205 tatra kRtatvAdyapravezAd ArthAdeva sAmAjAt kRtatvopapatteH / yadi ca kriyamANaM na kRtam, tadA kriyAsamaye kAryAbhAvAttatpUrva tatpazcAcca kAraNAbhAvAttat kArya na bhavedeva / 'sAmagrayAstaduttarasamaya eva kAryavyApyatvopagamAnnaiSa doSa' iti cet ? na sAmagrIsamayasyaiva kAryavyApyatvopagamaucityAt , vyAptAvuttaratvA'pravezena lAghavAt , kAraNAbhAvasyeva kAryAbhAvavyApyatvena kAraNottarakAle'pi kAryA'siddhezca // jo dIrghakAla vaha bhI ghaTaniSpAdaka kriyA kA kAla hai, aisA anubhava prAyaH sabhI ko hotA hai / jisa samaya meM ghaTa kA Arambha hotA hai, usI samaya meM vaha niSpanna ho jAtA hai, isataraha kA anubhava to kisI ko hotA hI nahIM hai, isa sthiti meM kriyamANa ghaTAdi kRta hI hai yaha kaise mAnA jAya ? / isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna dene ke lie ukta "vizeSAvazyaka bhASya gAthA" kA utthAna huA hai| vartamAna kriyAdhikaraNa pratyeka kSaNa meM bhinna bhinna kArya koTi arthAta aneka kArya yadyapi utpanna hote haiM, to bhI ghaTArthivyakti una una kAryoM kI apekSA nahIM rakhatA haiM kyoMki una kAryoM se jalAharaNAdi koI bhI prayojana nahIM ho sakatA, vaha prayojana to ghaTa se hI siddha hotA hai, isalie 'yahA~ ghaTa utpanna ho' aisI hI abhilASA ghaTArthI ko hotI hai, ataH pratisamaya honevAle kAryo ko vaha nahIM dekha sakane ke kAraNa sthUlamati mAnA jAtA hai / vaha sthUlamativAlA ghaTArthI una una kAryakAriyoM ke sambandhI sabhI kAloM ko ghaTasambandhI kAla hI mAna letA hai, yadyapi yaha mAnanA usa kA mithyA anubhava hai kyoMki eka sAmayika ghaTa ko bahusAmayika mAnatA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI zaMkA UTha sakatI hai ki-"yadi pratisamaya bhinna bhinna kArya kATi utpanna hotI ho to una kI bhI upalabdhi honI cAhie, jaise ki-madhyakAla meM zibaka, sthAsa, koza Adi upalabdha hote haiM / ataH pratisamaya meM kAryakoTiyA~ anupalabdhi se bAdhita kyoM na mAnI jAya ?"-isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki pratisamaya meM honevAlI kAryakoTiyoM ke grAhakajJAna ananta siddhoM ko aura kevaliyoM ko bhI hotA hai, alpajJa vyakti una sUkSma kAryakoTi ko nahIM dekha sakate haiM, ataH ve kArya anupalabdhibAdhita nahIM mAne jA sakate haiM / ukta gAthA kA yaha vizada artha hai, isa se yaha siddha hotA hai ki ghaTAdi kArya ekasAmayika hI hotA hai, vaha samaya caramasamaya hI hai kyoMki caramasamaya meM hI ghaTAdi ke kAraNa kA samavadhAna hotA hai / ataH kriyamANa kArya niyamataH kRta hI hotA hai, isataraha pUrvapakSI ke kathana kA samarthana ukta gAthA se prApta ho jAtA hai| isa gAthA ke tRtIyapada meM "paisamaya kajjakoDiM" aisA pATha hastalikhita kitanI pratiyoM meM milatA hai, parantu - uktagAthA kI "malladhAri zrIhemacandramari" viracita brahadavatti meM "paisamaya kajjakAla' isa pATha ke anusAra hI gAthA kA vyAkhyAna kiyA gayA hai, isalie tadanusArI pATha ko hI yahA~ samajhanA jarUrI hai| hastapratilikhita pATha kI saMgati bhI caturthapAdagata "ghaDammi" padArtha ke sAtha nahIM ho pAtI hai // ] [kRtasyaiva] agara yahA~ AzaMkA ho ki-'kriyamANa yadi kRta hI hai to kRtavastu ke karane ke lie koI kriyA kI jAya to vaha kriyA niSphala hI hogI kyoMki kArya kI niSpatti

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206 upA0 yazovijayaracite hI kriyA kA phala hai, vaha to ho hI cukI hai yadi kArya niSpanna hai ?' - isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki kriyA se hI kArya kI niSpatti hotI hai, kriyA ke binA kArya meM niSpannatva ho hI nahIM sakatA hai, ataH kriyA hI kArya meM niSThA ko arthAt niSpatti ko utpanna kara ke kArya meM kRtatva ko lAtI hai, isalie kriyA kA vaiphalya nahIM hai / yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "kriyamANa kRta hI hai aisA mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki isa meM anyonyAzraya doSa lagatA hai / jaise, kRta ko hI kriyA utpanna karatI hai, akRta ko to kriyA utpanna kara hI nahIM sakatI hai, kAraNa, akRta kArya kI sattA hI isa pakSa meM nahIM mAnI gaI hai, taba to kRta ko hI kriyA utpanna karatI hai aura kriyA se janita hone para ho kRta kahA jAtA hai isataraha kriyA se janana hone meM kRtatva kI apekSA hai aura kRtatva hone meM kriyA se janana kI apekSA hai ataH anyonyAzraya spaSTa hai-" parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai / kRta kArya ke prati kriyA ko jo kAraNatA hai vaha isa DhaMga se nahIM hai ki kRtatvAvacchinna ke prati ghaTakriyAtvAvacchinna kAraNa hai / yadi isataraha kA kAryakAraNabhAva hotA, to anyonyAzrayadoSa kI sambhAvanA rahatI / parantu isataraha kA kAryakAraNabhAva yahA~ abhibhUta hai ki ghaTatvAvacchinna ke prati ghaTakriyA kAraNa hai / taba to ghaTakriyA se ghaTajanana meM ghaTatva kI apekSA hone para bhI kRtatva kI apekSA nahIM rahatI hai / isalie anyonyAzrayadoSa kA udbhAvana karanA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki kRtatva kA kAryakAraNabhAva meM praveza hI nahIM hotA hai / ghaTAdi kArya meM kriyotpannatva hone se hI kRtatva arthataH siddha ho jAtA hai / jahA~ kriyotpannatva hotA hai vahA~ para kRtatva bhI rahatA hai, isa vyApti ke bala para hI kArya meM kiyotpannatvahetuka anumAna se kRtatva kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| yadi kriyamANa ko kRta na mAne to kriyAsamaya meM kArya hI nahIM rahatA hai, tathA kriyA se pUrvakAla aura pazcAt kAla meM kAraNa hI nahIM rahatA hai isalie kArya kabhI ho hI nahIM sakatA hai, kyoMki kArya kAraNa meM ekakAlavRttisvarUpa sAmAnAdhikaraNya jo apekSita hai vahI nahIM ghaTatA hai / ataH 'kriyamANa kRta hI hai' aisA mAnanA Avazyaka hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "kAryAvyavahitapUrvavRtti ko hI kAraNa mAnA jAtA hai, ataH uttarakSaNa meM kAraNa ke na rahane para bhI kArya hone meM kAI bAdhA dekhane meM nahIM AtI / vyApti bhI "yadA kAraNaM tadA kArya" isItaraha kI maaneNge| taba to vaha kArya nahIM hogA" isataraha kA doSa denA ayukta hai / " - parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai / sAmagrI samaya meM hI kAryavyApyatA mAnanA ucita hai kyoMki "yadA sAmagrI tadA kArya" aisI vyApti mAnane meM uttaratva kA praveza vyApti kI kukSi meM nahIM karanA paDatA hai / "yadA sAmagrIuttaratvaM tadA kArya" isataraha kI vyApti mAnane meM uttaratva kA praveza karanA paDatA hai isalie gaurava hotA hai / isItaraha "yadA kAraNAbhAvaH tadA kAryAbhAvaH " isa vyatireka vyApti meM bhI lAghava rahatA hai kyoMki uttaratva kA praveza nahIM karanA paDatA hai / uttaratva se ghaTita anvaya vyAmi mAnane para vyatirekavyApti meM "yadA kAraNottaratvAbhAvaH tadA kAryAbhAva:" isataraha uttaratva kA praveza karanA paDegA, isa se gaurava hogA ataH uttaratva se avaTita vyApti ko hI mAnanA ucita hai, taba to "yadA kAraNAbhAvaH tadA kAryAbhAva:" isataraha kI vyApti mAnane para kAraNAbhAva meM hI kAryAbhAvavyApyatva

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nayarahasye kAraNatA bimarzaH atha kriyamANamityatra varttamAnatvamAnazo'rthaH kRtamityatra cAtItatvaM niSThArthaH, tatra varttamAnatvaM vidyamAnakAlavRttitvaM, atItatvaM ca vidyamAnadhvaMsapratiyogi kAlavRttitvam vidyamAnatvaM ca tattatprayogAdhAratvaM, prayogatvaM ca tattadarthopasthityanukUlavyApAratvaM lipyuccAraNAdisAdhAraNaM tadAderbu dvisthatvavallaDAdeH zakyatAvacchedakatattatkAlAnugamakam, tacca varttamAnatvamatItatvaM vA dhAtvarthe 'nveti dhAtUttarapratyayajanyakAlaprakAraka bodhe siddha hotA hai | isa sthiti meM kAraNottarakAla meM kArya kI siddhi nahIM ho sakegI, ataH kAraNa ke pazcAt kArya na hogA yaha jo doSa diyA thA vaha yukta hI hai, isalie kriyamANa kRta hI hai' yaha mAnanA yukti saMgata hai / | pUrvapakSa cAlu] [ atha kriyamANama] yahA~ yaha AzaMkA uTha sakatI hai ki 207 kriyamANa ko kRta hI mAnA hai, yaha yukta nahIM hai kyoMki kriyamANa zabda 'kR' dhAtu se Ana pratyaya lagane para siddha hotA hai, vaha Anaza pratyaya kiyA kI vartamAnatA vivakSita hone para lagAyA jAtA hai / tathA 'kRta' zabda 'kR' dhAtu se 'ta' pratyaya lagAne para banatA hai, vaha 'ta' pratyaya 'niSThA' zabda se bhI vyAkaraNa zAstra meM vyavahRta hotA hai / niSThApratyaya kriyA meM atItatva vivakSA hone para dhAtu ke bAda prayukta hotA hai / kriyA meM vartamAnatva yahI hai ki vidyamAnakAla meM usa kriyA kA rahanA / kAla meM vidyamAnatva "tattatprayogAdhAratvarUpa" mAnA gayA hai, jisa kAla meM "pacati" Adi zabdoM kA prayoga hotA hai, vaha kAla prayogAdhArakAla kahA jAnA hai / 'prayoga' zabda kA artha hai tattat arthoM kI upasthiti jisa vyApAra se hove, vaha vyApAra / vaha vyApAra kahIM para lipirUpa, kahIM para uccAraNarUpa, kahIM para akSihastavyAzarAtmaka saMketarUpa hotA hai kyoMki ina meM se kisI eka vyApAra ke rahane para hI artha kI upasthiti hotI hai / ukta vidyamAnatva, jo arthopasthityanukUlavyApArarUpaprayogAdhAratvAtmaka hai, vahI "lada Anaza" Adi pratyayoM kA jo zakyArtha hai vidyamAnakAlavRttitvAtmaka vartamAnatva, usa ke zakyatAvacchedaka sUkSmakAloM kA anugamaka hotA hai / Azaya yaha hai ki 'tad' Adi sarvanAma pada kI zakti buddhisthatvopalakSina dharmAvacchinna artha meM mAnI gaI hai, ve dharma ghaTatva, paTatvAdirUpa hote haiM, jo prayoktA kI buddhi meM upasthita rahate haiM, ve hI ghaTatvAdi tatpadazakyArtha ghaTapaTAdivRttizakyatA ke avacchedaka mAne jAte haiM, una sabhI dharmoM kA anugamaka dharma buddhisthatva banatA hai / isalie ananugamarUpa doSa ko avasara nahIM AtA hai / usI taraha prastuta meM vidyamAnakAlavRttitvarUpa varttamAnatva laT Adi pratyaya kA zakyArtha hai, usa meM vRttitvAMza meM vizeSaNa nirUpitatva sambandha se kAlakhaMDa hote haiM, jo sUkSmarUpa se aneka jAne gae haiN| una sabhI kAloM kA anuganaka dharma yadi koI na mAnA jAya to zakyatAvacchedaka jo asaMkhya sUkSmakAla paDate haiM, una meM anugamarUpa doSa kA avasara AtA hai / vidyamAnatva ko choDakara koI dUsarA dharma nahIM milatA hai jo una kAhoM kA anugama kara sake, ataH una kAloM meM vizeSaNI

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upA. yazovijayaracite samAna vizeSyatvapratyAsacyA dhAtujanyopasthiterhetutvAt, ata eva nAtItaghaTajJAnAzraye 'ghaTaM jAnAtIti prayogaprasaGgaH na caivamArambhasamaye 'pacatI 'ti prayogo na syAttadA pAkA - bhAvAditi vAcyam, sthUlakAlamAdAya tatsamAdhAnAt / tasmAt 'kriyamANaM kRtami'tyanvayAnupapattiriti cet na, evaM satyArambhakAla iva tatpUrvakAle'pyekasthUlakAlasambhavena 'pacatI'ti prayogaprasaGgAdvayavahArAnukUla prayogAdarasya vastvasAdhakatvAt, anyathA " puruSo vyAghra '' iti prayogAt puruSasyApi vyAghratvaprasaGgAt // 208 bhUta vidyamAnatva hI una sUkSmakAloM kA anugamaka banatA hai / tathA niSThApratyaya kA artha jo atItatva hai, vaha vidyamAnadhvaMsapratiyogikAlavRttitvarUpa hai / "kRtam, jJAtam" ityAdi prayoga kA AdhArabhUta jo kAla usa meM vRtti jo dhvaMsa, vaha usa kAla se pUrva meM varttI jo sUkSmakAla, usa ke dhvaMsarUpa hai, ve hI dhvaMsa 'vidyamAnadhvaMsa' zabda se gRhIta hote haiM / una dhvaMsoM ke pratiyogi jo sUkSmakAla, tadvRttitvarUpa atItatva, dhAtvarthakriyA meM niSThA pratyaya se bodhita hotA hai / tAdRza atItatva hI niSThA pratyaya kA zakyArtha hai aura vRttitva meM vizeSaNIbhUta sUkSma anekakAlasvarUpa kAla hI zakyatAvacchedaka mAne jAte haiM / una sUkSmakAla kA anugamaka koI dharma avazya honA cAhie, nahIM to ananugama kA sambhava yahA~ para rahatA hai, isalie una kAloM meM vizeSaNIbhUta vidyamAnadhvaMsapratiyogitva hI zakyatAvacchedaka kAloM kA anugamaka banatA hai, ataH ananugama kA avasara nahIM AtA hai / 'kriyamANaM' yahA~ para 'Ana' pratyaya kA artha jo ukta vartamAnatva aura "kRtam" yahA~ para "niSTA" pratyaya kA artha jo ukta atItatva, ina donoM kA 'kR' dhAtvartha kriyA meM anvaya hotA hai kyoM"ivAtu ke sAtha prayukta pratyayajanya kAlaprakArakabodha ke prati samAnavizeSyatAsambandha se dhAtujanya upasthiti kAraNa mAnI gaI hai / kriyamANa zabda se 'kR' dhAtvartha kriyA, AdheyatAsambandhena vartamAnakAlavatI' arthAt vartamAnakAlInA aisA bodha hotA hai / isa bodha meM kRdhAtu aura usa ke sAtha laganevAlA Anazu pratyaya ye donoM kAraNa hote haiM / Anaza pratyaya se varttamAnakAla upasthita hotA hai aura "kR" dhAtu se dhArtha kriyA kI upasthiti hotI hai / jaise " ghaTa" pada se ghaTatvaprakAraka ghaTavizeSyaka upasthiti hotI hai, usItaraha "kR" dhAtu se bhI "utpatyanukUlavyApAratvaprakAraka tAdRzavyApAra vizeSyaka" upasthiti hotI hai / vaha upasthiti utpatyanukU vyApAra meM vizeSyatAsambandha se rahatI hai kyoMki vaha vyApAra hI usa upasthiti meM vizeSyarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai / usa "kR" dhAtvartha kriyA meM kAla vizeSaNarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai, isIlie uktabodha ko kAlaprakArakabodha kahA jAtA hai, vaha bodha vizeSyatA sambandha se kR dhAtvartha kriyA meM utpanna hotA hai, kRdhAtujanya upasthiti bhI ukta kRdhAtvartha kriyA meM vizeSyatAsambandha se rahatI hai / isa taraha ukta kAryakAraNabhAva ghaTatA hai / isIlie Anaza pratyayArtha vartamAnatva aura niSThA pratyayArtha atItatva kA dhAtvartha meM anvaya mAnanA Avazyaka hotA hai / pratyayArtha kA dhAtvartha meM anvaya mAnA jAtA hai, isIlie jahA~ pUrvakAla meM ghaTa kA jJAna huA ho aura vartamAna meM jJAna na ho, isa sthiti meM "ghaTaM jAnAti" aisA prayoga

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH 209 nahIM hotA hai / yadi dhAtvartha meM pratyayArtha vartamAnatva kA anvaya na mAnA jAya to isa prayoga ko avasara mila jAtA, kyoMki pratyayArtha vartamAnatva kA jJAdhAtvartha jJAna meM anvaya hogA hI nahIM to atItajJAna ko lekara ke "ghaTa jAnAti" esA prayoga hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hogaa| pratyayArtha kA dhAtvartha meM anvaya mAnane para "ti" pratyayArtha vartamAnatva kA jJAna meM anvaya karanA apekSiA rahatA hai jo atItajJAna meM bAdhita hai, ataH ukta prayoga nahIM hotA hai| yahA~ yaha kahA jAya ki-'pratyayArtha vartamAnatva kA yadi dhAtvartha meM anvaya ho to pAkArambha samaya meM 'pacati' aisA jo prayoga hotA hai, vaha nahIM hogA, kyoMki pAkArambha kAla meM pAka to rahatA nahIM hai, taba pratyayArthavartamAnatva kA kahA~ anvaya hogA ?'-parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pAka ke Arambhaka kSaNa se lekara jaba taka pAka kI parisamApti hotI hai, vahA~ taka eka sthUlakAla ko svIkAra kara pAkArambhasamaya meM bhI "pacati" aisA prayoga ho sakatA hai| usa sthUlakAla ke antargata bahuta se sUkSmakAla yadyapi rahate haiM to bhI una kAloM kI vivakSA se yaha prayoga nahIM mAnA gayA hai kintu sthUla eka kAla kI vivakSA se yaha prayoga hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM haiM, kyoMki usa sthUlakAla meM pAka rahatA hai aura usa meM tipratyayArtha vartamAnatva kA anvaya bhI sambhavita hai / isa sthiti meM AnazapratyayArtha vartamAnatva aura niSThApratyayArtha atItatva, ina donoM kA paraspara virodha hone se "kR" dhAtvartha kriyA meM yugapat anvaya nahIM ho sakatA hai| ataH 'kriyamANa kRta hI hai, isa taraha kI "kriyAnaya" kI mAnyatA yukta nahIM hai|" parantu yaha AzaMkA bhI ThIka nahIM hai| kyoMki. sthalakAla ko lekara pAka ke ArambhakAla meM "pacati" isa prayoga kA upapAdana kiyA jAya to, pAkArambhakAla se pUrvakAlaghaTita eka sthUlakAla mAnakara pAkArambha se pUrvakAla meM bhI "pacati" aise prayoga kA prasaMga ho jAyagA / kAraNa, "vidyamAnakAla" pada se usa kalpita sthUlakAla ko grahaNa karege, tavRttitvarUpa vartamAnatva pAka kriyA meM rahegA hii| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'pAkArambha pUrvakAla meM "pacati" isataraha kA vyavahAra nahIM hotA hai, isalie pAkArambha pUrvakAlaghaTita sthUlakAla kA grahaNa nahIM kareMge, ataH pAkA. rambhapUrvakAla meM "pacati" isataraha ke prayoga kA prasaMga nahIM AvegA aura pAkArambhakAla meM to "pacati" aisA vyavahAra hotA hai, isalie pAkArambhakAlaghaTita sthala kAla ko lekara pAkArambhakAla meM "pacati" aise prayoga meM bhI koI bAdhaka nahIM hogA |'-prntu aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hogA kyoMki vyavahArAnukUla prayoga mAtra se vastu kI mi nahIM mAnI jAtI hai| yadi vaisA mAna le, to puruSavyakti meM "yaha bAgha hai" aisA vyavahAra hotA hai aura "puruSo vyAghraH" aisA prayoga bhI hotA hai, isa vyavahArAnakala prayoga se puruSa meM bhI vyAghratva kI siddhi ho jAyagI / ataH pAkArambhakakAla meM "pacati" isataraha kA vyava Ara hotA hai aura tadanukUla jo "pacati" yaha prayoga hotA hai, usa prayoga mAtra se pAkArambhakAlaghaTita sthUlakAla kI siddhi nahIM ho sakatI hai, taba to pAkArambhasamaya meM "pacati" aisA prayoga na hogA / ataH pratyayArtha vartamAnatva aura

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210 upA. yazovijayaracite kiJcaivaM "naSTo ghaTo" "nazyan ghaTaH" ityAdiprayogavyavasthAyAM tava kA gatiH? nAzasyoktAtItatvA'yogAt naSTe [? nazyatya]pi ghaTe vidyamAnanAzapratiyogi[kAlavRttitvAcca / / atItatva kA dhAtvarthakriyA meM anvaya mAnanA yukta nahIM hai, taba 'kriyamANaM kRtameva" isa prakAra kI jo "kriyAnaya" kI mAnyatA hai vaha ThIka ho hai / [ 'naSTo ghaTaH' ityAdi prayoga vyavasthA kI anupapatti ] [kiJcaiva' 1 pratyayArtha vartamAnatva aura atItatva kA yadi dhAtvartha meM anvaya mAnA jAya to dUsarA bhI doSa granthakAra batAte haiM ki "naSTo ghaTa:'" "nazyan ghaTaH" ityAdi vyavasthita prayoga loka meM hote haiM, ve aba nahIM hoMge kyoMki "naSTo ghaTaH" yahA~ niSThApratyayArtha atItatva kA anvaya nazadhAtvartha nAza meM Apa ke anusAra honA cAhie parantu vaha atItatva nAza meM ghaTatA nahIM hai / vidyamAnanAzapratiyogikAlavRttitvarUpa atItatva ko hI Apa pUrva meM mAna Ae haiM ! "vidyamAnanAza" pada se nAzotpatti ke pUrvakSaNoM kA nAza hI gRhIta hogA kyoMki vahI ghaTanAzotpattikSaNa meM vidyamAna haiM / usa nAza kA pratiyogikAla nAzotpattikAla se pUrva meM rahanevAlA kAla hI hogA, usa kAla meM ghaTanAza vatti nahIM hai, isalie ukta atItatva yahA~ ghaTamAna nahIM hotA hai, ataH "naSTo ghaTaH" yaha vyavasthita prayoga nahIM ho sakegA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki vidyamAnakAlavRttitvarUpa vartamAnatva Apane mAnA hai, "naSTo ghaTaH" isa prayoga ke AdhArabhUta ghaTa kA nAza vartamAnakAla meM vRtti hai, ataH "naSTo ghaTaH" isa kI jagaha para "nazyan "ghaTaH" aisA prayoga honA cAhie, jo kisI ko iSTa nahIM hai / isItaraha "nazyan ghaTaH" yaha vyavasthitaprayoga jo loga meM hotA hai, vaha bhI Apa ke mata meM nahIM hogA kyoMki jisakAla meM ghaTa kA nAza ho rahA hai, usa kAla meM bhI nAza meM vidyamAnadhvaMsapratiyogikAlavRttitvarUpa atItatva ghaTa jAtA hai| "vidyamAnanAza" pada se ghaTanAzArambhakSaNanAza tathA usa ke dvitIyakSaNanAza, tRtIyakSaNanAza kA grahaNa ho sakatA hai, "tatpratiyogikAla" pada se ghaTanAzArambhakSaNa aura usa ke dvitIya, tRtIya kSaNa kA grahaNa hogA, una kSaNoM meM to vaTanAza vRtti hI hotA hai, isalie atItatva ke ghaTa jAne se "nazyan ghaTaH" kI jagaha para "naSTo ghaTaH" isa prayoga kA prasaMga AtA hai| yadi kaheM ki-ukta ghaTanAza meM vidyamAnakAlavRttitvarUpa vartamAnatva bhI rahatA hai, isalie "nazyana ghaTaH" aisA prayoga hogA-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki ukta ghaTanAza meM uparokta vartamAnatva ko lekara jaise "nazyan ghaTaH" isa prayoga kA upapAdana hotA hai, vaise hI pUrvokta atItatva ko lekara usa prayoga kI jagaha para "naSTo ghaTaH" isaprayoga kA bhI upapAdana ho sakatA hai, ataH "naSTo baTaH, nazyana ghaTaH" ityAdi prayogoM kI vyavasthA Apa ke mata meM nahIM hogI yaha to nirvivAda hai /

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH atha tatrAtItatvaM vartamAnatvaM ca kRtpratyayArthotpattAvevAnvetIti na doSa iti cet ? na, uktaniyamabhaGgaprasaGgAt / 'dhAtutva - pratyayatvAdernAnAtvAt tanniyamasya viziSya vizrAntiH iti cet ? na, antato dhAtupadavactvAdinApi tadanugamAt / athAnyatrApyekapadopAttatvapratyAsacyA kRtyAdisvArtha eva svArthakAlAnvayo vyutpattivaicitryAt / na I [ kRtpratyayArtha utpatti meM atItatvAdi ko anvaya meM niyamabhaMga ] [atha tatra] = yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - " niSThApratyayArtha atItatva kA aura Ana pratyayArtha varttamAnatva kA anvaya dhAtvartha meM nahIM karege kintu atItatva kA anvaya niSThApratyaya kA jo dUsarA artha utpattirUpa hai, usI meM kareMge, isItaraha AnazurUpa kRtpratyaya kA jo dvitIya artha utpatti hai usI meM vartamAnatva kA anvaya kareMge, taba to "naSTo ghaTaH" "nazyan ghaTaH" ina prayogoM meM avyavasthArUpa doSa nahIM hogA, kyoMki "naSTo ghaTaH " yahA~ nAzarUpa dhAtvartha meM ukta atItatva ke na ghaTane para bhI nAza kI utpatti meM atItatva ghaTegA hI / yathA "naSTo ghaTaH" isa prayoga ke AdhArabhUtakAla meM vartamAna jo nAza usa nAza kI utpatti jisa kSaNa meM huI hai usa kSaNa kA nAza, usa kA pratiyogi jo kAla vaha nAza kI utpattikSaNarUpa kAla, usa meM vRtti nAzotpatti hai, ataH atIta utpattimatdhAtvarthanAzapratiyogitva ghaTa meM raha jAtA hai, isalie "naSTo ghaTaH " yaha prayoga hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM pahu~catI hai aura prayogAdhArarUpa vidyamAnakAlavRttirUpa vartamAnatva dhAtvarthanAza kI utpatti meM nahIM ghaTatA hai, isalie "naSTo ghaTa" isa prayoga kI avyavasthA kA bhI koI kAraNa nahIM rahatA hai / isItaraha 'nazyan ghaTa:' isa sthala meM nAza kI utpatti jaba taka nahIM huI hai, kiMtu ho rahI hai, usI dazA meM aisA prayoga hotA hai, ataH prayogAdhArakAlavRttitvarUpa vartamAnatva dhAtvarthanAza kI utpatti meM ghaTatA hai aura vidyamAnadhvaMsapratiyogikAlavRttitvarUpa atItatva nahIM ghaTatA hai kyoMki "nazyan ghaTaH " isa prayogAdhArakAla meM vidyamAna dhvaMsa pada se yadi nAzArambhaka kSaNa se pUrvavRttikSaNoM kA dhvaMsa liyA jAya to 'tatpratiyogikAla' pada se pUrvavRttikSaNoM kA grahaNa hogA, una kSaNoM meM dhAtvarthanAza kI utpatti nahIM hai / yadi nAzArambhakakSaNa kA nAza athavA taduttaravartI dvitIya, tRtIyAdi kSaNoM kA nAza 'vidyamAna dhvaMsa' pada se gRhIta kiyA jAya to tatpratiyogikAla pada se dhAtvartha nAzArambhakSaNa yA taduttara dvitIya, tRtIyAdi kSaNa gRhIta hoMge, una meM bhI dhAtvarthanAza kI utpatti vRtti nahIM hai kyoMki ghaTa kI utpatti kI taraha dhAtvarthanAza kI utpatti bhI carama kSaNa meM hI hotI hai / ataH " nazyan ghaTa" isa prayoga meM bhI koI bAdhA nahIM hogI aura avyavasthA kA bhI sambhava nahIM rahatA hai / " parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki kRta pratyayArtha utpatti meM kRtpratyayArtha atItatva aura varttamAnatva kA anvaya mAnane meM 'dhAtvartha meM hI pratyayArtha kA anvaya hotA hai' aisA jo niyama pUrva meM Apane mAnA thA usa ke bhaGga kA prasaMga AyegA / kAraNa, dhAtvartha nAza meM atItatva aura varttamAnatva kA anvaya na mAnakara pratyayArtha utpatti meM

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212 upA. yazovijayaracite ca pacatyapi bhAvikRtitrAgabhAvamAdyakRtidhvaMsa cAdAya pakSyatyapAkSIditi prayogaprasaGa iti vAcyam , AdyakRtiprAgabhAvacaramakRtidhvaMsayorbhaviSyadatItapratyayArthatvAditi cet ? na, jAnAtItyAdau dhAtvartha eva pratyayAthakAlAnvayadarzanAt / hI usa kA anvaya svIkAra kara ke "naSTo ghaTaH" "nazyan ghaTaH" ityAdi prayogoM kI avyavasthA ko dUra karane kA prayAsa Apa kara rahe haiN| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-"makala dhAtu meM rahanevAlA dhAtutva eka dharma nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki kriyA kA vAcaka jo hotA hai, vahI dhAtupada se vyavahAra kA viSaya bagatA hai, isalie kriyAvAcakatvarUpa hI dhAtutva vicAra karane para siddha hotA hai / dhAtugata kriyAvAcakatA bhI kriyAviSayabodhajanakatvarUpa hai, usakA ghaTaka janakatva kAryAvyavahitapUrvavartitvarUpa kAraNatAsvarUpa hai / pUrvavRttitA svarUpasambandharUpa hotI hai, vaha pratyeka dhAtu meM bhinna bhinna hotI hai / ataH tatsvarUpa dhAtutva bhI bhinna bhinna hI mAnanA paDatA hai| evam , pratyayatva bhI sakala pratyayavRtti eka dharma nahIM hai, kintu tattatpratyayavRttipratyayatva bhinna-bhinna hai, kyoMki "prakRtyuddezena vidhIyamAnatvaM pratyayatvam" yahA pratyaya kA lakSaNa mAnA gayA hai, isa se prakRti niSTha uddezyatAnirUpita vidheyatArUpa pratyayatva siddha hotA hai| vidheyatA vidheya ke bheda se bhinna-bhinna mAnI jAtI hai kyoMki vicAra karane para vidheyatA bhI svarUpamambandhAtmikA hI siddha hotI hai, ataH 'pratyayArtha kA dhAtvartha meM hI anvaya hotA hai'-yaha sAmAnya niyama nahIM bana sakatA hai / isa niyama kA mUlabhUta kAryakAraNabhAva jo pUrva meM 'vizeSyatA sambandha se pratyayajanya kAlaprakArakabodha ke prati vizevyatAsambandha se dhAtujanya upasthiti kAraNa hai, aisA batAyA gayA hai vaha bhI sAmAnya kAryakAraNabhAva nahIM bana // hai kinta. vizeSarUpa se hI kAryakAraNabhAva banegA, tanmUlaka vaha niyama bhI vizeSarUpa se banegA, taba to koI pratyayArtha aisA bhI ho sakatA hai, jisa kA anvaya pratyayArtha meM hogA aura ukta niyama kA bhaGga prasaGgarUpa doSa bhI nahIM AyegA / sAmAnya niyama hone para hI usa niyama ke bhaGga kA avasara AtA hai|" parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki "ghaTaH ghaTaH" ityAdi anugata pratIti ke AdhAra para sakala ghaToM kA anugamaka ekadharma ghaTatva jAtirUpa mAnA jAtA hai / usI taraha "dhAtuH dhAtuH" ityAdi pratIti ke AdhAra para dhAtutva bhI ekadharma sakala dhAtuoM kA anugamaka siddha ho sakatA hai| isI taraha se "pratyayaH pratyayaH" ityAdi pratIti ke AdhAra para pratyayatvarUpa ekadharma sakala pratyayoM kA anugamaka mAnA jA sakatA hai, vaha dhAtutva aura pratyayatva dharma jAtirUpa yA akhaNDopAdhirUpa ho yaha bAta alaga hai, parantu isa rIti se sakala dhAtuoM kA anugamakatva dhAtutva meM aura sakala pratyayoM kA anugamakatva pratyayatva meM Avazyaka hogA / yadi pratIti ko anugata na mAnakara usa ke AdhAra para eka dhAtutva aura eka pratyayatva kI siddhi na mAne to bhI pANinyAdi vyAkaraNakartA ke saketa sambandha se dhAtupadavattva rUpa eka dhAtutva kI siddhi avazya hogI, jisa se sakala dhAtuoM kA anugama ho sakegA / evam pANinyAdi ke saketa sambandha se pratyayapadavatvarUpa ekapratyayatva dharma kI siddhi bhI avazya hogI, jisa se sakala pratyayoM kA anu

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH 213 gama hogaa| isa sthiti meM 'pratyayArtha kA dhAtvartha meM hI anvaya hotA hai' yaha niyama bhI sAmAnyaniyamasvarUpa ho sakegA, kyoMki usa ke mUlabhUta pUrvokta kAryakAraNa bhAva bhI yakAraNabhAva ho skegaa| taba yadi kRtpratyayArtha atItatva-vartamAnatva kA kRtpratyArtha utpatti meM anvaya mAna kara doSa nirAsa kA prayAsa Apa kareMge, to ukta niyama kA bhaGgaprasaGga avazya AegA / [eka pada se upasthApita do arthoM ke anvaya kA samarthana ] yahA~ yaha AzaMkA uTha sakatI hai ki-kRti aura kAla ye donoM ekapada se pratipAdita hote haiM, isalie ina donoM meM ekapadopAttatva sambandha hai / "ekapadopAtattva" kA artha 'zaktijJAna ke sahakAra se ekapadajanyopasthitiviSayatva' aisA hotA hai| isa sambandha se ye donoM artha paraspara sambandhI mAne jAte haiN| dhAtvartha aura pratyayArtha meM aisA sambandha nahIM hai, kyoMki dhAtvartha dhAtu pada se pratipAdya hotA hai aura pratyayArtha pratyayapada se pratipAdya hotA hai, isalie pratyayArtha kA dhAtvartha meM anvaya karanA, isa kI apekSA se pratyayArtha kA pratyayArtha meM anvaya karanA yahI ucita hai| taba to, "vizeSyatA sambandha se pratyayArthakAlaprakAraka bodha ke prati vizeSyatA sambandha se pratyayajanya upasthiti kAraNa hai,' aisA hI karyakAraNabhAva mAnanA yogya hogA aura isa kAryakAraNabhAva ke anusAra-pratyayArtha kAla kA anvaya pratyayArtha kRti meM hI hotA hai-yahI niyama sabhI dhAtusthala ke lie siddha hogA kyoMki kAya kAraNabhAvavijJAnarUpa vyutpatti meM vaicitrya rahatA hI hai / isa niyama ke anusAra pratyayArtha atItatva aura vartamAnatva kA pratyayArtha kRti meM anvaya karane se "naSTo ghaTaH" "nazyan ghaTaH" ityAdi prayogoM meM avyavasthA bhI nahIM rahatI hai aura 'pratyayArtha kA dhAtvartha meM hI anvaya hotA hai' - isa niyama ke bhaGga kA prasaGga nahIM AtA hai, kyoMki isa niyama kA svIkAra hI nahIM kareMge / tathA isa niyama ke mUlabhUta pUrvokta kAryakAraNabhAva kA svIkAra bhI nahIM kareMge / "eka pada se upasthApita arthadvaya kA anvaya yadi mAnege to eka "hari" pada se upasthApita indra aura azva ina donoM artho meM AdhArAdheyabhAva se anvaya kA prasaga AyegA, isalie ukta niyama ko mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai"-isataraha kI zaMkA to nahIM karanI cAhie, kyoMki vyutpatti ke bheda se kahIM kahIM para ekapada se upasthApya arthadvaya kA anvaya bhI dekhane meM AtA hai| jaise "eva" pada se khaNDazakti dvArA upasthApita anyayoga aura vyavaccheda ina donoM artho meM anvaya dekhane meM AtA hai| tathA "nIlo ghaTaH' ityAdi sthala meM vizeSaNa padottara vibhakti se khaNDazakti dvArA upasthApita bheda aura abhAva ina donoM arthoM meM bhI anvaya mAnA jAtA hai, ataH vyutpattibheda se pratyayArtha kAla kA pratyayAkRti me anvaya mAnane meM koI nahIM hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-sabhI dhAtu ke prayogasthala meM kRti meM hI pratyayArtha kA anvaya manene, to jaba pAkakartA puruSa meM pAkAnukUlakRti vidyamAna hai usa samaya usa puruSa meM bhAvikRti kA prAgabhAva bhI rahatA hai, isalie "aya puruSaH pakSyati' aisA prayoga ho jAyagA aura usI samaya meM prathamakRti kA nAza bhI usa puruSa meM hotA hai, isalie

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214 upA. yazovijayaracite astu vA tathA / tathApi kRtpratyayAtpitteH prAtipadikArtha ghaTe kathamanvayo'yogyatvAt ? 'paramparAsambandhena tatra tadanvayopapattiriti cet ? na, vidyamAnaghaTe "na naSTo ghaTa" iti prayogAnApatteH, vRttyaniyAmakasambandhasyAbhAvapratiyogitA"aya apAkSIt' isataraha ke prayoga kA bhI prasaGga ho jAyagA / jaba ki usa sthiti meM to "aya pacati" aisA hI prayoga dekhane meM AtA hai ?"-parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki bhaviSyat artha meM vidhIyamAna pratyaya kA kRtiprAgabhAvamAtra artha nahIM hai kintu AdyakrAtiprAgabhAva artha hai / ataH bhAvikRti ke prAgabhAva ko lekara "pakSyati" isataraha ke prayoga kI Apatti denA yogya nahIM hai / kRti kI vartamAnatAdazA meM AdyakRti kA prAgabhAva to rahatA hI nahIM hai, isalie "pakSyati" isa prayoga kA prasaMga sambhavita hI nahIM hotA hai| isItaraha atItArthaka pratyaya kA bhI AdyakRtidhvasamAtra artha nahIM hai, kintu caramakRtidhvasa bhI usa kA artha hai aura vaha puruSa meM rahatA nahIM hai, kintu carama kRti kA prAgabhAva hI rahatA hai, isalie usa kAla meM "apAkSIt" isa prayoga kA prasaGga denA bhI ucita nahIM hai / [yahA~ taka ke grantha se zaMkAkAra ne apane pakSa kA samarthana kiyA hai ki pratyayArtha kAla kA pratyayArthakRti meM hI anvaya hotA hai, isa niyama ke mAna lene para "naSTo ghaTaH" "nazyana ghaTaH' ityAdi prayogoM kI avyavasthA nahIM hotI hai|] samAdhAnavAdI kA kahanA yaha hai ki "ghaTa jAnAti" ityAdi sthala meM "ti" pratyayArtha vartamAnakAla kA anvaya "jJA" dhAtvartha jJAna meM hI dekhane meM AtA hai, ataH "ghaTa' jAnAti caitraH" ityAdivAkya se 'ghaTaviSayaka vartamAnakAlIna jJAnavAna caitra' kA bodha hotA hai, isalie 'vizeSyatA sambandha se pratyayArtha kAlaprakAraka bodha ke prati vizebhyatAsambandha se pratyayajanya upasthiti kAraNa hai' isaprakAra ke kAryakAraNabhAva meM vyabhicAra upasthita hotA hai| ata: aisA kArya karaNabhAva hI nahIM bana sakatA hai| taba etatkAryakAraNa bhAvamUlaka "ekapadopAttatva pratyAsatti se pratyayArthakAla kA pratyayArtha kRti meM hI anvaya hotA hai"-aisA niyama mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM hai / taba to "naSTo ghadaH" "nazyan ghaTaH', ityAdi prayogoM kI avyavasthA Apa ke mata meM lagI rahatI hai / / [ kRtpratyayArtha utpatti kA prAtipadikArtha meM ananvaya doSa ] [astu vA tathA] 'pratyayArtha kAla kA pratyayArtha kRti meM hI anvaya hotA hai'-isa niyama meM vyabhicAra yadyapi jAnAti ityAdi sthala meM hotA hai isalie usa vyabhicAra ko vAraNa karane ke lie jJAnArthaka dhAtu bhinna dhAtusthala meM hI yaha niyama mAnA jAya, to bhI "naSTo ghaTaH" "nazyan ghaTaH" isa prayoga kI upapatti nahIM hogI, kyoMki pratyayArtha kAla se anvita pratyayArtha utpatti kA anvaya nAza meM hI hotA hai| taba usa utpatti kA andhaya prAtipadikArtha ghaTa meM nahIM hogA kyoMki ekatra vizeSaNarUpa se anvita padArtha kA anyatra vizeSaNarUpa se anvaya nahIM mAnA gayA hai| dhAtvarthanAza meM anvita hone ke bAda pratyayArtha utpatti ko pratipAdikArthaghaTa meM anvita hone kI yogyatA hI nahIM raha jAtI hai| atItakAlIna yA vartamAkAlIna utpatti kA bodha jaise nAza meM hotA hai

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH navacchedakatvAt / 'utpatterdhAtvarthe tasya ca prAtipadikArthe'nvayAna deoSaiti cet ? na, nAmArthadhAtvarthayoH sAkSAbhedasambadhenAnvayA'yogAt , anyathA "taNDulaM pacatI'tyatrApi karmatvasaMsargeNa prAtipadikArthasya dhAtvarthe'nvayaprasaGgAt / usI taraha pratipadikArtha ghaTa meM bhI hotA hai-yaha anubhava hotA hai, vaha utpatti kA ghaTa meM anvaya mAne binA sambhava nahIM hai / isa sthiti meM "naSTo ghaTaH" "nazyan ghaTaH" yaha prayoga nahIM banegA, isalie yaha doSa isa mata meM lagA hI rhegaa| yadi aisA kahe ki-'pratyayArthakAlAnvita utpatti kA AzrayatAsambandha se sAkSAt anvaya to nAza meM hotA hai aura ghaTa meM utpatti kA anvaya svAzrayanAzapratiyogitva rUpa paramparAsambandha se mAnege, taba to ukta prayoga hone meM koI harja nahIM, kyoMki utpatti kA Azraya jo nAza, usa kA pratiyogi to ghaTa hotA hI hai'-parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM, kyoMki aisA mAnane para ghaTa kI vidyamAnadazA meM "ghaTo na naSTaH" aisA prayoga hotA hai, vaha nahIM hogA kyoMki "pratiyogipratiyogyabhAvAnvayau tulyayogakSemau" isa nyAya se jisa sthala meM najJa kA sahoccAra na rahane para jisa padArtha kA jisa padArtha meM jisa sambandha se anvaya hotA hai, usa sthala meM 'nA" kA sahoccAra hone para, usa padArtha meM "tatsambandhAvacchinna pratiyogitAka tatpadArtha kA anvaya hotA hai / "naSTo ghaTa" isa sthala meM "na" kA sahoccAra nahIM hai aura pratyayArtha utpatti kA nAbhArtha ghaTa meM svAzrayanAzapratiyogitva sambandha se anvaya abhimata hai / taba "ghaTo na naSTaH" isa sthala meM natra kA sahoccAra hone para nAmArthaghaTa meM "svAzrayagAzapratiyogitvasambandhAvacchinna pratiyogitAka utpattyabhAva" kA anvaya abhimata hogA / parantu ukta sambandha ko vanitA kA aniyAmaka mAnA gayA hai / isalie ukta sambandha pratiyogitAvacchedaka sambandha nahIM hogA kyoMki vRttiniyAmakasambandha jo svarUpa, saMyoga, samavAya Adi mAne gae haiM, ve hI abhAva kI pratiyogitA ke avacchedaka sambandha mAne gae haiM / ataH vRttitA ke aniyAmaka svAzrayanAzapratiyogitvasambandha se avacchinna pratiyogitAka utpatyabhAva aprasiddha hone se usa kA anvaya ghaTa meM karanA sambhava nahIM hogA, phalataH ukta prayoga kI anupapatti hogii| yadi aisA kahe ki-"pratyayArtha utpatti kA dhAtvarthanAza meM anvaya kareMge aura nAza kA anvaya pratiyogitA sambandha se nAmArtha ghaTa meM kare ge, isa rIti se "nA" kA sahoccAra na rahane para "naSTo ghaTaH' isa sthala meM pratiyogitA sambandha se "atItakAlInotpattyAzraya nAzavAna ghaTaH" aisA bodha hogA tathA najakA sahoccAra rahane para "ghaTo na naSTaH" isa sthala meM pratiyogitAsambandhAvacchinnapratiyogitAka atItakAlInotpattyAzraya nAzAbhAvavAlA ghaTa" aisA bodha kreNge| yaha abhAva aprasiddha bhI nahIM hai kyoMki pratiyogitA svarUpasambandhAtmaka mAnI gaI hai, isIlie pratiyogitA sambandha svarUpasambandha ke jaise vRttiniyAmakasambandha hI hai, isalie pratiyogitAsambandhAvacchinnapratiyogitAka tathAvidha nAzAbhAva kA bAMdha vidyamAna ghaTa meM kiyA jA sakatA hai, ataH vidyamAnaghaTa meM "ghaTo na naSTaH" isataraha ke prayoga kI anupapattirUpa doSa nahIM hogA"-parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki nAmArtha aura dhAtvartha kA sAkSAt bheda sambandha se anvaya nahIM hotA

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upA. yazovijayaracite atha bhedena nipAtAnyanAmArthaprakArakabodhe samAnavizeSyatvapratyAsacyA nipAtapratyayAnyatarajanyopa sthite rhetutvAt nAmArthaprakArakadhAtvarthavizeSyaka bodhA'sambhave'pi dhAtvarthaprakArakanAmArthavizeSyakabodhaH prakRte'napAya eveti cet na, "caitraH pAka" ityAdau kartRtvAdisa sargeNa pAkAdezcaitrAdAvanvayA'bodhAya dhAtvarthaprakAraka bodhe'pi nipAtapratyayAnyatarajanyopa sthite haitutvA'ntarakalpanAvazyakatvAt / 216 hai / prakRta meM nAmArtha ghaTa hai aura dhAtvartha nAza hai, usa dhAtvarthanAza kA nAmArtha ghaTa pratiyogitArUpa bhedasambandha se sAkSAt anvaya nahIM ho sakatA hai / jaise- nAmArthadvaya kA sAkSAt bhedasambandha se anvaya avyutpanna hai, vaise hI nAmArtha - dhAtvartha kA bhI sAkSAt bhedasambandha se anvaya abhyutpanna mAnA gayA hai| taba " naJ " kA sahoccAra rahane para nAza kA anya jo ghaTa meM pratiyogitAsambandha se karanA cAhate haiM, vaha bhI nahIM hogA aura naJ kA samabhivyAhAra rahane para pratiyogitAsambandhAvacchinna tathAvidha nAzAbhAva kA ghaTa meM anvaya mAnakara vidyamAnaghaTa meM "ghaTo na naSTaH " isa prayoga kI upapatti karanA cAhate haiM, vaha bhI nahIM hogI / yadi ukta vyutpatti kA svIkAra na kara ke nAmArthaghaTa meM dhAtvartha nAza kA anvaya karane kA durAgraha kareMge to "taNDula pacati" isa sthala meM bhI karmatArUpa bhedasambandha se nAmArtha taNDula kA dhAtvartha pAka meM anvaya kA prasaMga AyegA / taba uktavAkya se karmatva sambandha se "taNDulaviziSTapAkAnukUlakRtivAlA caitra" isataraha ke bodha kA prasaMga AyegA, jo mAnya nahIM hai| ukta vAkya se to " taNDulavRttikarmatA nirUpakapAkAnukUlakRtivAlA caitra" yahI bodha sarvamAnya hai / ataH pratyayArtha kAla kA pratyayArtha utpatti meM andhaya mAnanA yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki prAtipadikArtha ghaTa meM utpatti kA anvaya na ho sakegA, jisa kA honA abhISTa // [ nAmArtha prakAraka dhAtvartha vizeSyaka bodha kI saMbhAvanA azakya ] [ atha bhedena | yadi yaha kahA jAya ki - "nAmArtha dhAtvartha kA sAkSAt bhedasambandha se anvaya mAnane para "taNDula' pacati" isa sthala meM karmatvasambandha se taNDularUpa nAmArtha kA dhAtvartha pAka meM anvaya kA prasaMga jo Apane diyA hai, vaha yukta nahIM hai / kAraNa, vizeSyatAsambaMdha se bhedasaMsargaka nipAtAnyanAmArtha prakArakodha ke prati vizeSyatA sambaMdha se nipAta aura nAma etad anyatarajanya upasthiti kAraNa hai / isataraha kA kAryakAraNabhAva hone para "taNDulaM pacati" isa sthala meM karmatAsambandha se taNDula viziSTa pAka kA bodha nahIM ho sakegA, kyoMki "taNDulaviziSTaH pAka" yaha bodha taNDularUpa nAmArthaprakAraka karma tvasaMsargakadhAtvartha pAkavizeSyaka bodha hai aura yaha bodha vizeSyatA sambandha se dhAtvartha pAka meM tabhI utpanna hogA yadi pAka meM nipAtapadajanya upasthiti athavA pratyayajanya upasthiti vizeSyatA sambandha se rahegI, so to vahA~ rahatI nahIM hai. kyoMki pAka kI upasthiti "paca" dhAtujanya hI hotI hai / ataH kAraNa ke abhAva meM uktabodharUpa kArya kA bhI abhAva hI rahegA / "naSTa ghaTa: " isasthala meM " tathAvidha nAzavAn ghaTaH " aisA bodha hone meM koI bAvaka nahIM hogA, kyoMki vaha bodha bhei saMsargaka

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH 217 syAdetad-atra nazadhAto zavati lakSaNayA'bhedenaivAstu prAtipadikArthena samamanvayaH / na ca dhAtvarthasyAkhyAtAdyartha evAnvayaniyamAt kathamevamiti vAcyam , zaktyaiva dhAtvarthaprakArakabodhe AkhyAtAdijanyopasthitehe tuvAt / ata eva 'jAnAtI'tyAdau jJAdhAtorjJAnavati lakSaNayA prAtipadikArthenAnvayasambhave AkhyAtArtho'yogyatvAnna nAmArtha prakAraka bodha nahIM hai, kintu dhAtvartha prakAraka nAmA vizeSyaka bodha hai, isalie usa bodha meM nipAtajanya upasthiti athavA pratyayajanya upasthiti kAraNa hI nahIM hai to usa upasthiti ke abhAva meM bhI nAzarUpadhAtvartha prakAraka ghaTavizeSyaka bodha hone meM koI harja nahIM hai|" parantu aisA kahanA bhI yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki "caitraH pAka" ityAdi sthala meM pAkAdi kA svakartRtva sambandha se caitrAdi meM anvaya kara ke "pAkaviziSTaH caitraH" ityAkAraka bhedasaMsargaka pAkaprakAraka caitravizeSyaka bodha kA prasaMga ho jAyagA / vaha na ho isalie vizeSyatA sambaMdha se dhAtvarthaprakAraka bhedasaMsargaka bodha ke prati bhI vize sambaMdha se nipAta aura pratyaya etad anyatarajanya upasthiti ko kAraNa mAnanA Avazyaka hogA / aisA karane para hI "caitraH pAka" ityAdi sthala meM pAkAdi kA caitra meM svakartRtva sambaMdha se anvaya bodha kI Apatti dUra hogI, kyoMki "pAkaviziSTa caitra" yaha bodha dhAtvartha prakAraka bodha hai / isa bodha ke prati nipAtajanya upasthiti athavA pratyayajanya upasthiti kAraNa hai / vaisI upasthiti caitra rUpa nAmArtha meM vizeSyatAsambandha se nahIM rahatI hai, kintu nAmajanya upasthiti vizeSyatA sambandha se caitra meM rahatI hai / ataH kAraNa ke abhAva meM "cetraH pAka" ityAdi sthala meM doSa na hogaa| tathA, "naSTo ghaTaH" isa vAkya se jo Apa pratiyogitAsaMsargaka atItakAlInotpattyAzrayanAzaprakAraka ghaTa-vizeSyaka bodha karanA cAhate haiM, vaha bhI nahIM hogA, kyoMki vaha bodha bhI dhAtvartha prakAraka bodha hI hai, isalie usa bodha ke prati bhI nipAtajanya upasthiti athavA pratyayajanya upasthiti kAraNa hai / vaisI upasthiti to caitrarUpa nAmArtha meM vizeSyatA saMbaMdha se rahatI nahIM hai, ataH kAraNa ke abhAva meM ukta bodharUpa kArya kA bhI sambhava nahIM hogA / [syAdetada] yadi yaha AzaMkA ho ki-"bheda saMsargaka dhAtvartha prakAraka zAbdabodha ke prati nipAta aura pratyaya etadanyatarajanya upasthiti samAnavizeSyatA sabandha se kAraNa mAnI jAtI hai, isalie "naSTo ghaTaH" ityAdi sthala meM dhAtvartha nAza kA pratiyogitA sambandha se ghaTarUpa nAmArtha meM anvaya bhale hI na ho, to bhI "naza' dhAtu kI nAzavaMta meM lakSaNA kareMge aura nAzavanta rUpa dhAtu ke lakSyArtha kA anvaya abheda sambandha se ghaTa meM kareMge / pratiyogitA sambandha se nAzaviziSTa ghaTa hotA hI hai, ataH nAzaviziSTa kA abheda sambandha se ghaTa meM anvaya karane meM koI bAdhaka bhI dIkhatA nahIM hai| isa taraha se "naSTo ghaTaH" isa prayoga kI upapatti ho sakatI hai| ___yadi bIca meM yaha kahA jAya ki-"taNDulaM pacati catraH" ityAdi sthala meM dhAtvartha pAka kA AkhyAtArtha kRti meM hI anvaya hotA hai, kyoMki vizeSyatA sambandha se dhAtvartha prakAraka bova ke prati ApAtajanya upasthiti vizeSyatA sambandha se kAraNa 8

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228 upA. yazovijayaracite bhAsata iti cintAmaNikRtokta yuktam / anyathA nirUpitatvasaMsargeNa jJAnaprakArakA zrayatvavizeSyakAvAntarazAbdabodhe taddhetutAkalpane gauravAt / na ca sAmAnyato hetutvaM klaptameveti kA gauravamiti vAcyam , tathApi tattadAkAMkSAjJAnAdihetutAkalpane gauravAditi / maivam , tathA sati 'jAnAtI'tyatrAkhyAtArthasaGkhyA'nanvayaprasaGgAt , bhAvanAnvayinyevAkhyAtArthasakhyAnvayAt / mAnI gayI hai / isIlie "taNDulaM pacati" ityAdi vAkya se "taNDulakarbhaka pAkAnukUlakRtivAlA caitra" isataraha kA bodha hotA hai / taba "ghaTo naSTaH" isa sthala meM "naza" dhAtu kA nAzavaMta rUpa jo lakSyArtha hai, tatprakAraka abheda saMsargaka ghaTa vizeSyaka bodha kaise hogA? ghaTa kI upasthiti to AkhyAtajanya nahIM hotI hai, kintu nAmajanya hAtI hai, isalie kAraNa ke abhAva meM nAzavaMtaprakAraka ghaTavizeSyaka bodharUpa kArya bhI nahIM hogA-" paranta bIca meM yaha kahA haA ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki zaktiprayojyadhAtajanyaupasthitiviSayadhAtvartha prakAraka bodha ke prati hI AkhyAtajanya upasthiti kAraNa banatI hai| lakSaNAprayojya dhAtujanya upasthiti viSayadhAtvarthaprakAraka bodha ke prati AkhyAtajanya upasthiti kAraNa hI nahIM hai| taba to nAmajanya upasthiti viSaya dhaTa meM nAzavaMtarUpa "naza" dhAtu ke lakSyArtha kA anvaya abheda sambandha se ho jAyagA aura "naSTo ghaTaH" isa vAkya se abhedasaMsargaka nAzavaMtaprakAraka ghaTa vizeSyakabodha hI hogA / dhAtu ke lakSyArthaprakAraka nAmArtha vizeSyaka bodha ko cintAmaNikArane bhI mAnya kiyA hai, isIlie "jAnAti" ityAdi sthala meM "jJA' dhAtu kI jJAnavaMta meM lakSaNA kara ke jJAnavaMtarUpa lakSyArtha kA caitra AdirUpa nAmArtha meM anvaya ho sakatA hai / "jAnAti" ityAdi sthala meM AkhyAtArtha bhAsatA hI nahIM hai kyoMki AkhyAta kA artha jo kRti, usa meM "jJA" dhAtu kA makhyArtha jo jJAna usa kA anukUlatvasambandha se anvaya sambhava nahIM hai, kyoMki "jJAna se icchA utpanna hotI hai aura icchA se kRti utpanna hotI hai" yaha tArkikoM kI prakriyA hai. isa ke anusAra jJAna to icchA dvArA kRti kA janaka banatA hai kintu kRti jJAna kI janikA nahIM banatI hai| ataH jJAna kA anukUlatva sambandha se kRti meM anvaya ho, aisI yogyatA kRti meM nahIM hai, isalie "jJAnAnukUla kRtivAlA caitra" aisA bodha "caitro jAnAti" isa vAkya se hotA nahIM hai / ataH "jJA' dhAtu kI jJAnavaMta meM lakSaNA kara ke usa ke lakSyArtha kA caitra meM anvaya karanA hI ThIka hai| yadi aisA nahIM kare, kintu "jAnAti" ityAdi sthala meM "jJA" dhAtu kA artha jJAna hI vivakSita rakheM aura AkhyAta kI Azrayatva meM lakSaNA kareM aura usa meM nirUpitatva sambandha se jJAna ko viSaya mAne to nirUpitatvasaMsargaka jJAnaprakAraka AzrayatvavizeSyaka. "nirUpitatva sambandha se jJAnaviziSTa Azrayatva" isaprakAra kA, avAntara zAbdabodha mAnanA paDegA aura vizeSyatAsambandha se jJAnaprakAraka bodha ke prati vizeSyatAsambandha se AkhyAtajanya Azrayatva kI upasthiti ko kAraNa mAnanA paDegA aura 'Azrayatva nirUpitatvasambandha se jJAnavAlA hai-isataraha ke yogyatAjJAna ko bhI kAraNa mAnanA hogA / isa meM gauravarUpa doSa upasthita hogA / "jJA" dhAtu kI jJAnavaMta meM lakSaNA kara ke nAmArtha ke

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvicAraH 219 - athAkhyAtArthasaGkhyAnvaye bhAvanAvizeSyatvaM na tantram kiM tu prathamAntapadopasthApyatvameveti na doSa iti cet ? na, dhAtvarthaprakArakabodhasAmAnya evAkhyAtAdijanyosAtha abhedAnvayapakSa meM jJAnaprakAraka AzrayatvavizeSyaka avAntarabodha mAnane kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI hai kyoMki AkhyAtArtha kA bhAna hI nahIM hotA hai, tathA AkhyAtajanyaupasthiti ko kAraNa mAnane kI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai kyoMki AkhyAtavizeSyaka avAntarabodha bhI nahIM hotA hai| yadi phira se bIca meM yaha kahA jAya ki-"taNDulaM pacati" ityAdi sthala meM dhAtvartha pAka prakAraka AkhyAtArthakRtivizeSyaka "anukUlatva sambandha se pAkaviziSTakRti" ityAkAraka bodha hotA hai, isalie dhAtvarthaprakArakabodha ke prati AkhyAtajanya upasthiti samAnavizevyatAsambandha se kAraNa hai| isataraha sAmAnyarUpa se kAryakAraNabhAva to mAnA huA hI hai, taba gaurava kI bAta kahA~ rahI ?" parantu bIca meM yaha kahA huA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki sAmAnyarUpa se AkhyAtajanya upasthiti ke kAraNa mAnya hone para bhI jJAnaprakAraka AzrayatvavizeSyaka bodha ke prati "jJA" dhAtu sahoccarita AkhyAta sahoccArarUpa AkAMkSAjJAna ko kAraNa mAnanA Avazyaka hogA, tathA 'Azrayatva nirUpitatvasambandha se jJAnavAn hai' isataraha ke yogyatAjJAna ko kAraNa mAnanA Avazyaka hogA, evaM "jAnAti pada kA 'jJAnaprakAraka AzrayatvavizeSyaka bodhajananecchA se vaktA ne uccAraNa kiyA hai'-isataraha ke tAtparyajJAna ko bhI kAraNa mAnanA hogA, isa se gaurava rahegA hii| ataH lakSaNA pakSa hI yukta hai, yaha AzaMkA karanevAle kA Azaya hai| maivam] maivaM pada se ukta AzaMkA kA niSedha vivakSita hai ki-isataraha kA lakSaNApakSa yukta nahIM hai, kyoMki "jAnAti" isa sthala meM AkhyAta kA artha jo AzrayatA, usa kA bhAna hI nahIM hogA to AkhyAtArtha kA anvaya prathamAntArtha caitrAdi meM nahIM hogA, taba AkhyAtArtha saMkhyA kA bhI prathamAntArtha meM anvaya na hone kA prasaMga AyegA, kyoMki AkhyAta kA mukhya artha bhAvanA aura lakSyArtha AzrayatA Adi kA andhaya jisa meM hotA hai usI meM AkhyAtArtha saMkhyA kA bhI anvaya hotA hai| isalie "caitraH pacati" ityAdi sthala meM "ekatvaviziSTa caitra pAkAnukUlakRtivAlA hai" aisA bodha hotA hai / "jAnAti" yahA~ para to lakSaNApakSa meM AkhyAtArtha kA bhAna hI nahIM hotA hai, taba to anvayI hI koI nahIM hai isalie AkhyAtArtha saMkhyA kA anvaya kahIM bhI nahIM ho paayegaa| niSkarSaHlakSaNApakSa yukta nahIM hai| [athAkhyAtArtha] yadi yaha zaMkA kI jAya ki-"AkhyAtArthasaMkhyA ke anvaya meM bhAvanAvizeSyatva arthAt bhAvanAnvayitva ko prayojaka nahIM mAnate hai kintu prathamAntapadajanyabodhaviSayatva ko hI prayojaka mAnate haiM / taba to AkhyAtArtha bhAvanA kA anvaya jahA~ ho, usI meM AkhyAtArtha saMkhyA kA anvaya hotA hai-yaha niyama nahIM rahegA kinta prathamAntapada se jisa kI upasthiti ho usI meM AkhyAtArthabhAvanA kA anvaya ho, aisA hI niyama rahegA / isa niyama ke anusAra "jAnAti caitraH" ityAdi sthala meM AkhyAtArthasaMkhyA kA caitra meM anvaya ho jAyagA kyoMki "caitraH" isa prathamAntapada se caitra kI upa

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220 upA. yazovijayaracite pasthitehe tutvAcchakyetipraveze gauravAt , 'prajayatI'tyAdAvananvayaprasaGgAcca / 'pAko'yaM' ityAdau tu "stokaM pacAta" "stokaH pAka" iti prayogayorvizeSAya ghaTAdInAM dhAtvarthatAvacchedaka viziSTa zaktisvIkArAnna doSa iti dik // sthiti hotI hai aura "jJA" dhAtu ke lakSyArtha jJAnavaMta kA bhI abhedasambhandha se caitra meM hI anvaya hogA, taba ananvayaprasaMgarUpa jo Apane doSa diyA hai, usa kA sambhava nahIM rahegA ?" isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki AkhyAtArthasaMkhyA ke anvaya meM prathamAntapadopasthApya ke ananvaya prasaMgarUpa doSa kA vAraNa yadyapi ho sakatA hai, to bhI lakSaNApakSa meM jJAnavaMtarUpa lakSyArtha kA anvaya abhedasambandha se prathamAntapadopasthApya caitra meM nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki dhAtvarthaprakArakabodhatvAvacchinna ke prati samAnavizeSyatAsambandha se AkhyAtajanya upasthiti kAraNa hai-aisA hI sAmAnyataH kAryakAraNabhAva mAnanA ucita hai| "zaktiprayojya dhAtUja upasthiti viSayadhAtvarthaprakArakabodha ke prati samAnavizeSyatAsambandha se AkhyAtajanya upasthiti kAraNa hai" yaha kAryakAraNabhAva yogya nahIM haiM kyoMki zaktiprayojyatva kA kArya tAvacchedakakoTI meM praveza hone se gauravarUpa doSa sahaja hai / ima paristhiti meM jJAnavaMtarUpa jJA dhAtu ke lakSyArtha kA caitrAdi meM abhedasambandha se anvaya sambhava nahIM rahatA hai, kyoMki caitrAdi kI upasthiti AkhyAtajanya nahIM hotI hai kintu prathamAntapadajanya hotI hai, isalie lakSaNApakSa yukta nahIM hai / isItaraha "naSTo ghaTaH" yahA~ para bhI "naza" dhAtu kI nAzavaMta meM lakSaNA kara ke usa lakSyArtha kA ghaTarUpaprathamAntArtha meM abheda sambandha se anvaya nahIM ho sakatA hai kyoMki ghaTa kI upasthiti AkhyAtajanya nahIM hotI hai| mulagrantha meM AkhyAtajanya upasthiti ke sthAna meM "AkhyAtAdijanyopasthiti" aisA pATha hai / isa pATha meM Adi pada ke prayoga kA tAtparya yaha hai ki "vizeSyatAsambandha se dhAtvarthaprakArakabodha ke prati vizeSyatAsambandha se kRtpratyajanyopasthiti kAraNa hai" aisA bhI kAryakAraNabhAva mAnanA Avazyaka hai / isIlie "pAcakaH caitraH" ityAdi sthala meM "paca" dhAtvarthapAkaprakAraka kartR vizeSyakabodha hotA hai, usa kartA kI upasthiti AkhyAtajanya na hone para bhI 'aka' isa kRtpratyaya se janya to hotI hI hai| ataH uktavAkya se "pAkakartA catra' yA "pAkAnukula kRtivAlA caitra" aisA bodha hotA hai| yadi aisA kahA jAya ki-"ukta kAryakAraNa bhAva meM zaktiprayojyatva kA kAryatAvacchedakakoTi meM praveza mAnane para gaurava to hotA hai parantu vaha gaurava doSarUpa nahIM hai kyoMki vaha phalamukha gaurava hai kyoMki usa kA niveza rahane para "naSTo ghaTaH" isa sthala meM nAzavaMtarUpa "naza dhAtu ke lakSyArtha' kA abheda sambandha se ghaTarUpa nAmArtha meM anvaya hone se uktavAkya kI upapatti hotI hai"-parantu yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki isarIti se "naSTo ghaTaH" isa vAkya kI upapatti karane para bhI 'prajayati caitra' ityAdi vAkya kI upapatti nahIM hogI kyoMki yahA~ bhI Apa ko "ji" dhAtu kI jayavaMtarUpa artha meM lakSaNA karanI hogI, usa lakSyArtha ke ekadeza jayarUpa artha meM "pra" zabdArtha prakarSa kA anvaya nahIM hogA kyoMki eka deza meM anvaya karanA yaha "padArtha kA padArtha ke sAtha anvaya hotA hai, padArthakadeza ke sAtha nahIM"-isa niyama ke viruddha hogA, taba to prakarSa

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH 221 viziSTajayavaMta se abhinna caitra" aisA bodha jo lakSaNApakSa meM uktavAkya se abhISTa hai vaha nahIM ho sakegA / yahA~ lakSaNAvAdI yaha zaMkA kare ki - "dhAtvartha prakArakabodha sAmAnya ke prati AkhyAtA dajanya upasthiti ko samAnavizeSyatAsambandha se kAraNa jo Apane mAnA hai vaha ThIka nahIM hai, kyoMki "pAko'yam" ityAdivAkya se dhAtvartha pAkaprakAraka idaMpadArtha vi zevya bodha ubhayamata se siddha hai vaha na hogA, kyoMki vizeSyabhUta idaM padArtha kI upasthiti AkhyAtAdipratyayajanya nahIM hotI hai kintu idaMrUpanAmajanya hotI hai, aisI sthiti meM AkhyAtAdijanyaupasthitirUpa kAraNa ke abhAva meM pAkaprakArakabodharUpa kArya bhI nahIM hogA / " - isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna granthakAra isa rUpa se dete haiM ki "stokaM pacati" aura " stokaH pAkaH" ye do prakAra ke prayoga hote haiM, ina meM vizeSa yahI hai ki prathamaprayoga meM "stoka" pada ko dvitIyA ekavacana am vibhakti lagatI hai, kyoMki "kriyAvizeSaNAnAM karmatvaM, ekatvaJca" isa niyama ke anusAra " stoka" padArtha meM karmatva aura ekatva kA vidhAna hotA hai, tathA " stokaH pAkaH " isa prayoga meM " stoka " padArtha pAka kA vizeSaNa hote hue bhI karmatva ko prApta nahIM karatA hai, isalie prathamAekavacana vibhakti hI "stoka" pada ke bAda meM lagatI hai / isItaraha " stoko pAkau" " stokAH pAkAH" ityAdi prayogoM meM bhI vizeSya ke samAna hI vacana aura vibhakti stoka pada ke bAda meM lagatI hai / isa vizeSatA meM kAraNa kyA hai ? yaha prazna yahA~ UThatA hai / ucita to yahI hai ki donoM prakAra ke prayoga meM 'stoka" padArtha jaba dhAtvartha pAka kA vizeSaNa haiM taba uktaniyama ke anusAra " stoka" pada kA prayoga dvitIyA ke ekavacana meM hI honA cAhie, prathamAnta kA prayoga to uktaniyama ke viruddha hA hai / ye donoM prakAra ke prayoga sarvamAnya hote haiM, ataH isa kI upapatti isataraha kI jAtI hai ki prathama prayoga meM "stoka" padArtha "paca" dhAtvartha pAka kA vizeSaNa hai, isalie uktaniyama ke anusAra dvitIyAnta prayoga hI yukta hai / dvitIya prayoga meM "stoka" padArtha paca dhAtvartha pAka kA vizeSaNa nahIM hai kintu paca dhAtu ke bAda jo " ghaJ " pratyaya lagatA hai usa kI zakti pAkatvaviziSTa pAka meM mAnate haiM / pac dhAtvartha pAka kA ghaJ pratyayArtha pAka meM abhedasambandha se anvaya hotA hai / yahA~ yaha khyAla rakhanA cAhie ki paca dhAtvartha pAka sAdhyakriyA hai aura ghaJ pratyayArtha pAka siddha kriyA hai kyoMki "kRdabhihitobhAvaH dravyavat prakAzate " isa niyama ke anusAra ghaJ rUpa kRtpratyaya se ukta pAka, dravya ke jaise siddharUpa se prakAzita hotA hai / " stoka" padArtha kA dhAtvartha pAkaviziSTaghaJartha pAka meM hI abhedAnvaya hotA hai, isalie dvitIya prayoga meM "stoka" padArtha dhAtvartha kA vizeSaNa nahIM banatA hai | ataH ukta niyamAnusAra " stoka" pada ke bAda dvitIyA vibhakti nahIM AtI hai kintu vizeSya ke samAna prathamA vibhakti hI AtI hai / isataraha ina donoM prayogoM meM vizeSatA siddha hotI hai / isI rIti se "pAko'yam" isa prayoga meM bhI patra dhAtu ke bAda jo ghaJ pratyaya lagatA hai, usI kI zakti pAkatvaviziSTapAka meM mAnI gaI hai aura vahI ghaJ pratyayArtha idaM padArtha ke vizeSaNarUpa se bhAsita hotA hai, ataH "pAko'yam" ityAdi vAkyajanyabodha dhAtvartha prakArakabodha hI nahIM hai, kintu ghaJ pratyayArtha pAkaprakAraka

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rarara upA. yazovijayaracite ___atha jJAtA ghaTa ityatra viSayasyeva naSTo ghaTa ityatra pratiyogino'pi pratyayavizeSArthatvAnnAnvayAnupapattiriti cet ? tathApi nAzotpattikAle'pi naSTatvavyavahArAt kriyAkAle'pi niSThArthatA'virodhAt kriyamANaM kRtamityanvayopapatteH pakva ityAdAviva sarvatra kAlavRttitAvizeSarUpasiddhatvasya niSThArthatvAt , tasya cAdyasamayAvacchedena sAdhyatvena samamavirodhAt , siddhatvaviziSTasAdhyatAyA vartamAnArthatvAt / "prArabdho'parisamAptazca vartamAna' iti hi vaiyAkaraNAH / ciranaSTe 'idAnIM naSTa' iti, cirotpanne cedAnImutpanna iti ca pratItiH samabhivyAhAravizeSAdetatkAlAvacchinnabodha hai / isa bodha ke prati AkhyAtAdijanya upasthiti kAraNa bhI nahIM hai isalie "idaM' padArtha kI upasthiti AkhyAtajanya na hone para bhI "pAko'yam" aimA prayoga aura isa vAkya se honevAlA jo pAkaprakAraka idamaryAvizeSya kabodha ina donoM meM kisI kI anu papatti kA avasara nahIM AtA hai, ataH lakSaNApakSa ThIka nahIM hai / [atha jJAto yadi kahA jAya ki-"dhAtUpasthApya arthaprakAraka zAbdabodha sAmAnya ke prati samAna vizeSyatA sambandha se AkhyAtAdi pratyayajanya upasthiti ko kAraNa mAnane para bhI jaise-"jJAto ghaTaH" isa sthala meM "jJA" dhAtvartha jJAna kA "ta" pratyayArtha viSaya meM svanirUpita viSayatAsambandha se anvaya hotA hai aura viSayarUpa pratyayArtha kA ghaTa meM abhedasambandha se anvaya hotA hai, vaise hI niSTo ghaTa' yahA~ para bhI "nazU" dhAtvartha nAza kA "ta' pratyayArthapratiyogi meM svanirUpitapratiyogitAsambandha se anvaya hogA aura pratyayArthapratiyogi kA abhedasambandha se nAmArthaghaTa meM anvaya hogA / isa meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai, kyoMki ukta kAryakAraNabhAva meM dhAtUpasthApya arthaprakAraka zAbdabodhatva hI kAryatAvacchedaka dharma hai, vaha nAzapratiyogi prakAraka zAbdabodha jo "naSTo ghaTaH" isa vAkya se saMbhAvya hai, usa meM nahIM rahatA hai / ataH ghaTa kI upasthiti nAmajanya hone para bhI usa meM pratyayArtha kA anvaya hogA, isa se 'nAzapratiyogi-abhinno ghaTaH' aisA zAbdabaMdha "naSTo ghaTaH" isa vAkya se hone meM koI anupapatti nahIM hogI?" to isa kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki jaise-ghaTanAza ke utpattikAla meM bhI ghaTa meM "ghaTo naSTaH" yaha vyavahAra hotA hai, usItaraha ghaTakriyAkAla meM bhI niSThApratyayArtha jo siddhatva usa kA virodha nahIM rahatA hai, ataH "kriyamANaM kRtam" isa sthala meM kriyamANa meM kRtatva kA anvaya hone meM koI bAdhaka nahIM rahatA hai / "pakvaH taNDulaH" yahA~ para paca dhAtu ke bAda "ta" pratyayarUpa niSThA kA artha siddhatva mAnA gayA hai, vaha siddhatva vicAra karane para kAlavRttitAvizeSarUpa hI nizcita hotA hai / jisa samaya meM kucha aMza meM pAka siddha hotA hai, usa samaya meM pAka meM sAdhyatA bhI rahatI hai / 'kriyAmANa' yahA~ 'Ana' pratyaya vartamAna artha meM AtA hai, ataH usa kA artha vartamAnatva hotA hai, vaha vartamAnatva siddhatva viziSTa sAdhyatArUpa hI hai| etAdRza sAdhyatArUpa vartamAnatva kA ukta siddhatva ke sAtha virodha nahIM hotA hai, isIlie 'kriyamANa kRta hI hai' isataraha kI nizcayanaya kI mAnyatA yakta hai / siddhatvaviziSTasAdhyatA vartamAnapratyaya kA artha hotA hai isa meM vaiyAkaraNoM kI

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH rararU sAdhyatvaviziSTa siddhatvopasthityaiva na bhavati / itthameva 'kriyamANaM kRtameva kRtaM ca kriyamANatvena bhajanIyamiti siddhAntaH saGgacchate / siddhatvaviziSTasAdhyatAyAH siddhatvaniyatatvAt , zuddhasiddhatAyAzca viziSTasAdhyatA'niyatatvAt / astu vA vipariNAmasvarUpaniSpatyAdirUpAnanugataiva niSThA, samabhivyAhAravizeSAdeva bodhvishepopptteH| paramuktayuktaH kriyAkAlo niSThAkAlaM na viruNaddhIti gambhIra nayamata kiyadiha vivicyate ? iti / bhI sammati hai, kyoMki jisa kriyA kA prArambha ho cukA hA aura parisamApti na huI ho, usa kriyA meM vartamAnatva ko vaiyAkaraNa loga bhI mAnate haiM aura tathAvidha kriyAzraya ghaTAdi vastu meM bhI ve loga vartamAnatva mAnate haiM kyoMki ve loga "prArabdhAparisamAptakriyAzrayatva vartamAnatvam" aisA ghaTAdi vastugata vartamAnatva kA lakSaNa karate haiN| kriyamANa ghaTAdi meM aisA vartamAnatva hI rahatA hai aura aMzata: kRtatva bhI rahatA hI hai / ata: 'kriyamANa kRta hI hai,' isataraha ko nizcayanaya kI mAnyatA meM vaiyAkaraNoM kI sammati bhI siddha hotI hai| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki-'niSThApratyayArtha siddhatva aura vatamAnatvapratyayArtha sAdhyatva kA paraspara virodha na ho to, ciranaSTa ghaTAdi meM "abhI naSTa huA hai" yaha buddhi honI cAhie aura cira utpanna ghaTAdi meM "abhI utpanna huA hai" isataraha kI buddhi honI caahie| kiMtu aisI pratIti to hotI nahIM hai isalie siddhatva aura sAdhyatva kA virodha hotA hai, aimA phalita hotA hai / taba "kriyamANa kRta hI hai" yaha nizcayanaya ko mAnyatA saMgata nahIM hai"-to yaha kahanA ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki uktabuddhi ke na hone meM siddhatva aura sAdhyatva kA paraspara virodha prayojaka nahIM hai kintu "idAnI naSTa" isa sthala meM "idAnIM" pada aura "naSTa" pada kA pUrvAparabhAva se uccAraNa rUpa sanabhivyAhAravizeSa se etat kAlAvacchedena sAdhyatva viziSTa siddhatva kI upasthiti ho jAtI hai / etatkAlAvacchedena sAdhyatA ciranaSTa ghaTa meM to nahIM rahatI hai, isIlie ciranaSTa ghaTa meM 'abhI naSTa huA hai' yaha buddhi nahIM hotI hai / evaM "idAnImutpanna:' isa sthala meM bhI "idAnIM" pada aura "utpanna" pada ina donoM kA pUrvAparabhAva se uccAraNarUpa samabhivyAhAra to hai hI, tadvazAt etatkAlAvacchedena sAdhyatvaviziSTa siddhatva kI upasthiti ho jAtI hai| etatkAla meM cirotpanna ghaTa meM siddhatva hone para bhI sAdhyatva to nahIM rahatA hai, ataH cira utpanna ghaTa meM "abhI utpanna huA hai" yaha buddhi nahIM hotI hai| sAdhyatva aura siddhatva kA to virodha rahatA hI hai, vahI ukta pratItiyoM meM bAdhaka bana jAtA hai| [itthameva 'kriyamANaM] siddhatvarUpa niSThApratyayartha aura siddhatvaviziSTasAdhyatArUpa vartamAna pratyayArtha kA paraspara virodha na hone ke kAraNa hI kriyamANa kRta hI hai aura kRta kA kriyamANasva tathA uparatakriyatva rUpa se bhajanA vibhAga karanA cAhie, aisA siddhAnta "vizeSAvazyaka bhASya' kI 2320 sakhyaka gAthA meM jo kiyA hai vaha sagata hotA hai| vaha gAthA hai teNeha kanjamANaM niyameNa kaya, kaya tu bhayaNijja kiMcidiha kajjamANaM uvaraya kiriya ca hajjAhi" // 2320 //

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224 upA. yazovijayaracite teneha kriyamANaM niyamena kRta', kRta tu bhajanIyam / kiJcidiha kriyamANamanuparatakriya ca bhavet"] isa gAthA kA artha yaha hai ki jo kriyamANa hai, vaha to niyama se kRta hI kahA jAtA hai aura jo kRta hai vaha do prakAra se hai-kriyamANakRta aura uparatakriyakRta / jisa kAla meM ghaTAdi kriyA kI pravRtti hotI hai, usa kAla meM honevAlA kRta kriyamANakRta hai, kyoMki ghaTAdi ghaTakriyAkAla meM kRta hai aura kucha aMza meM kriyamANa rahatA hai, isalie usa dazA meM ghaTa kriyamANakRta kahA jAtA hai / jisa kAla meM kriyA kI parisamApti ho jAtI hai, usa kAla meM ghaTAdi kRta hI hai kyoMki caka se bhI utAra liyA gayA hai aura pAka se bhI utAra liyA gayA hai, isalie koI kriyA jisa se ghaTa banatA hai, aba bAkI nahIM raha gayI hai, kintu sabhI kriyA uparata ho gayI hai, usa kAla meM ghaTAdi kArya meM zuddha kRtatva hai, kriyamANatva usa meM nahIM hai / isa siddhAnta kI sagati ke lie nizcayavAdI eka niyama batAte haiM ki--"siddhatvaviziSTa sAdhyatArUpa vartamAnapratyayArtha jahA~ jahA~ rahatA hai, vahA~ vahA~ siddhatva rahatA hI hai"| isa vyApti se kriyamANa kRta hI hai, yaha siddhAnta saMgata hotA hai / jaise-pAkabhAjana meM jala sayakta taNDula ho, vahA~ adhaHsantApana karane se taNDula kucha aza meM siddha ho gayA ho aura kucha aMza meM siddha honA bAkI hai parantu pAcana kriyA calatI hai to usa taNDala meM siddhatvaviziSTa sAdhyatA rahatI hai aura vahA~ AMzika siddhatva to rahatA hai, isalie yaha vyApti vahA~ ghaTatI hai / isa dRSTAnta se kriyamANakRta yaha vibhAga nizcita hotA hai / jaba taNDula paka jAne ke bAda nAce utAra liyA jAtA hai, usa samaya usa taNDula meM zaddha siddhatA hI rahatI hai arthAt sAdhyatA se virahita siddhatA rahatI hai| jahA~ jahA~ zuddha siddhatA rahatI hai vahA~ vahA~ siddhatvaviziSTasAdhyatA rahatI ho aisI vyApti nahIM hai, isalie cUlhe se nIce utAre huai taNDula meM zuddha siddhatva rahatA hai, yahI "uparatakriya kRta' kahA jAtA hai, jo kRta kA dUsarA vibhAga hai / prathama vibhAga meM AMzika kRtatva rahatA hai aura dvitIya vibhAga meM sarvathA kRtatva rahatA hai - yahI kRta kI bhajanA kA mUla hai / yadi yaha AzaMkA kI jAya ki-kriyamANa kRta hI hai, isa apanI mAnyatA kI siddhi ke lie nizcayanavAdI ne jo "jahA~ jahA~ siddhatvaviziSTa sAdhyatA rahatI hai, vahA~ vahA~ siddhatva rahatA hai" aisI vyApti batAyI hai vaha ThIka nahIM hai / sakala siddhavRtti niSThApratyayArtha siddhatva yadi eka hotA, taba to, siddhatvaviziSTasAdhyatA kA vyApakatva siddhatva meM AtA aura yaha vyApti bhI banatI, parantu siddhatva kahIM para vipariNAmarUpa hotA hai. jaise dahI meM dUdha kA vipariNAmarUpa siddhatva rahatA hai / kahIM para svarUpaniSpatti rUpa mihatva hotA hai, jaise-"daNDa-cakAdi kAraNa samudAya se ghaTasvarUpa kI niSpatti hotI hai, isalie ghaTapaTAdi meM svarUpaniSpattirUpa siddhi rahatI hai / kahIM para viklittirUpa siddhi rahatI hai, jaise-kASTha se banA huA jo stambha hotA hai, vaha kASTha kA hI vikAra hai. isalie usa meM viklittirUpa siddhi rahatI hai| isItaraha kahIM upacayarUpa, kahIM apacayarUpa bhI siddhatva hotA hai, aise vividha siddhatva kA bodha tattatsamabhivyAhAravizeSa se ho hotA hai / jaise-dUdha dahIMrUpa meM pariNata ho gayA, isa sthala meM dUdha pada, dahIMpada, pariNata pada-duna tInoM kA pUrvAparabhAvarUpa AkAMkSA se vipariNAmarUpa siddhatva kI pratIti

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nayarahasye nayabalAbalavimarzaH 225 satyam , nizcayata itthameva / [? na tu] tatvavyavasthAyAmapi, vyavahArato' 'kurvato'pi niyatapUrvavartinaH kAraNatvAbhyupagamAt , anyathA pUrva kurvadrUpatvA'nizcaye pravRttyanupapattiprasaGgAt / kiJcedaM kurvadrUpatvamapi sahakArisampattAveva nAnyathetyavasthitakAraNAdeva sahakAricakrAnupravezAt kAryopapattau kiM kurvadakurvatobhedAbhyupagamakaSTena / ho jAtI hai / 'ghaTa ko kumbhakAra ne niSpanna kara diyA, aise sthala meM ghaTa, kumbhakAra, niSpanna ina zabdoM ke samabhivyAhAra se svarUpaniSpattirUpa siddhatva kA bodha ho jAtA hai, isItaraha anya anya svarUpa siddhatva kA bodha anya anya samabhivyahAra se ho jAyegA, isIlie-ananugata niSThApratyayArtha siddhatva mAnane para ina kA bodha kaise hogA ?- isataraha kI zaMkA ko bhI avasara nahIM AtA hai| taba to ukta vyApti nahIM banegI to isa sthala me kriyamANa kRta hI hai, isa taraha kI nizcaya naya kI mAnyatA bhI kaise saMgata hogI ? isa AzaMkA kA samAdhAna astu vA. ityAdi se karate haiM ki niSThA pratyayArtha middhatva anekarUpa bhale ho, to bhI ghaTAdivastu kA kriyAkAla, niSThAkAla kA virodha nahIM karatA hai / isalie ghaTAdi ke kriyAkAla meM bhI aMzataH niSThAkAla arthAt siddhatva ghaTAdi meM raha sakatA hai aura siddhatvaviziSTa sAdhyatArUpa vartamAnapratyayArtha bhI raha sakatA hai kyoMki ina kA paraspara virodha nahIM hai| ata: 'kriyamANa kRta hI hai' isa mAnyatA meM koI bAdhA na hone se yaha mata yukta hI hai / isa rIti se gambhIra nayamata kA kucha yahA~ para vivecana kiyA gayA hai / nizcayanaya atisUkSma padArthAvagAhI hotA hai, isalie granthakAra ne isa kA gambhIranayapada se kathana kiyA hai / "syAdetat / mAt caramakAraNameva kAraNaM -nAnyata" isa grantha se Arambha kara ke "kiya diha vivicyate" yahA~ taka granthakAra ne nizcayanaya ke mata kA samarthana kara ke "kriyamANa kRta hI hai" isa mAnyatA ko siddha kiyA hai| satyam, nizcayata] yahA~ "satyam' pada arddhasvIkAra artha meM prayukta huA hai / isI abhiprAya se granthakAra agrima sandarbha se yaha batAte hai ki kurvadurUpatva carama kAraNa meM hI rahatA hai, ataH caramakAraNa hI kAraNa hai / jisa meM kurvadurUpatva nahIM rahatA hai vaha kAraNa hI nahIM hai| isalie kuzalasthabIja aMkura kA kAraNa nahIM hai / isataraha ke kAraNatva kA nirUpaNa nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se yadyapi satya hai, tathApi "yaha isa kA kAraNa hai' isa prakAra kI raNatva kI vyavasthA meM vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se yaha nirUpaNa mAnya nahIM hai kyoMki 'yaha isa kA kAraNa hai' isa prakAra kI vyavasthA meM vyavahAranaya kAryaniyata pUrvavRtti ko hI kAraNa mAnatA hai, cAhe vaha tatkAla meM kArya kA utpAdana karatA ho yA nahIM karatA ho, ataH koThAragata bIja bhI vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se aMkura kA kAraNa hai hii| miTTI-jalAdi ke saMyogarUpa sahakArikAraNa ke na rahane se koThAra meM rahA huA bIja aMkura kA janana nahIM karatA hai. yaha bAta anya haiN| granthakAra ne "niyatapUrvavartinA" isa vAkya meM "niyata" pada kA prayoga kiyA hai uma se ananyathAsiddhi kA sUcana milatA hai, ataH anyathAsiddhi se zanya ho aura kArya se pUrva meM rahatA ho, vaha kAraNa hai, isa taraha kI kAraNatyavyavasthA vyavahAranaya

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226 upA. yazovijayaracite na copAdAnopAdeyabhAvaniyataiH kSaNaireva kurvadrUpatvaM niyamyata iti vAcyam , kSaNatvena sarveSAmavizeSAdekasvabhAvasya kuto'pi vizeSAyogAt / kiJcaivaM kAryeNa kAraNAnumAnocchedaH, sAmAnyataH kAraNatAgrahAbhAvAt / na ca sAdRzyena tathAgrahAdadoSaH, pUrvAparAnanusandhAnena kSaNikapakSe sAdRzyasyaiva grahItumazakyatvAdityAdikaM vyutpAditaM anekAntajayapatAkAdau pUrvasUribhiH / ko mAnya hai| anyathAsiddha ve mAne jAte haiM, jina ke binA bhI kArya ho sakatA ho jaserAsabhAdi / tathA ve bhI anyathAsiddha mAne jAte haiM jo kArya se pUrva meM rahate hue bhI kArya kI utpatti meM jina kA kucha bhI yogadAna nahIM hotA hai jaise-daNDagata daNDatva aura rUpAdi, kumbhakAra kA pitA, AkAza ityAdi / ghaTotpattisthAna meM ghaTa kI utpatti se pUrva ve rahate haiM to bhI una kA kucha bhI upayoga ghaTa ke utpAdana meM nahIM hotA hai, isalie ve bhI anyathAsiddha haiM / daNDa, cIvara, cakra, kumbhakAra, mRtpiNDa Adi ghaTa ke pUrva meM rahate haiM aura ghaTa kI utpatti meM upakAra bhI karate haiM, isalie ve saba ghaTa ke prati kAraNarUpa se vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se mAnya haiN| yadi kurvadarUpatva hone ke kAraNa carama kAraNa ko hI kAraNa mAnA jAya to, kAryotpatti se pUrvakAla meM kurvadarUpatva kA nizcaya hI nahIM ho sakegA, isalie tattat ghaTAdi kArya kI utpatti ke lie daNDAdi kAraNoM ke anveSaNa meM jo pravRtti hotI hai, vaha nahIM hogI / vastusthiti to yaha hai ki koI ghaTArthivyakti kumbhakAra ke ghara jAkara kahatA hai ki mere lie itanA ghaTa banA do / isa vAkya ko suna kara kumbhakAra una una vastu ke saMgraha ke lie pravRta hotA hai jo jo vastu ghaTa kI utpatti meM upayogI ho, kyoMki unhIM vastuoM me usa ko iSTasAdhanatA kA jJAna hotA hai aura usa iSTasAdhanatA jJAna se pravRtti hotI hai / kurvadurUpatva hI yadi kAraNatAvacchedaka ho to usa kA nizcaya pUrva meM kisItaraha nahIM ho sakA hai AH daNDa, cakrAdi meM iSTasAdhanatAjJAna bhI na hogA, phalataH pravartaka ke abhAva meM daNDAdi viSayaka pravRtti jo lokadRSTa hai, vaha nizcayanaya ke mata me na hogii| isalie vyavahAranaya nizcaya matAnusArI kAraNatva ko nahIM mAnatA hai| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jisa karvadarUpatva ke rahane se caramakAraNa meM hI kAraNatva kI vyavasthA nizcayanaya ke mata se hotI hai, vaha kurvadarUpatva bhI upAdAnakAraNa meM sahakAri kAraNoM kA samavadhAna hone para hI hotA hai| sahakAriyoM kA samavadhAna na rahane para to caramakAraNa meM bhI kurbadarUpatva nahIM hotA hai, isIlie nizcayanaya sammata kurvadarUpatva kA bhI niyAmaka sahakArisamavadhAna ko mAnanA Avazyaka hogaa| taba sahakArisamavadhAnaviziSTa upAdAnakAraNa se hI kArya kI utpatti yadi ho jAtI ho to madhya meM gurubhUta kurvadarUpatva mAnane kI jarUrata hI nahIM paDatI, taba kSetrastha bIjAdi kurvadurUpa hai aura koThAragata bIjAdi akurvadarUpa hai, isataraha ke bheda ko mAnane kA kaSTa nizcayavAdI kA nirarthaka hai| yadi nizcayavAdI aisA kahe ki-"kurvadarUpatva ko sahakAricakra se niyamya nahIM mAnate haiM, kintu jina kSaNoM meM upAdAnopAdeyabhAva niyamataH rahatA hai, ese upAdAna

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nayarahasye kAraNatAvimarzaH 227 svarUpakSaNoM se hI upAdeyarUpa caramakSaNa kurvadarUpAtmaka hI utpanna hotA hai / jaise-upAdAna rUpa pUrvapUrva bIja kSaNoM se upAdeyarUpa uttarottarabIjakSaNa utpanna hote haiM / una meM caramabIjakSaNa svopAdAnabhUta svAvyavahitapUrvavartI bojakSaNa se utpanna hotA huA aMkurakurvadUpatva viziSTa hI utpanna hotA hai aura usa kSaNa se aMkurarUpa kArya kI utpatti ho jAtI hai| isItaraha ghaTAdi kAryotpAdaka caramaupAdAnakSaNa bhI apane upAdAnakSaNa se ghasadikurvadarUpAtmaka hI utpanna hotA hai aura usa se ghaTAdi kArya kI utpatti hotI hai, isalie kurvadarUpatva kSaNoM se niyamita hotA hai, ataH kurvadarUpatva ke niyama ke lie sahakArisampatti kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM paDatI hai / isa sthiti meM sahakAri samavadhAna ke dvArA kurvara durUpatva ke abhyupagama ko nirarthaka banAnA vyavahAranayavAdI kA saMgata nahIM hotA hai" parantu yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hogA kyoMki upAdAnaupAdeyabhAva jinakSaNoM meM rahatA hai ve sabhI kSaNa kSaNatvarUpa se samAna hI hai| ataH sabhI kSaNoM kA svabhAva paka hI hai, taba caramakSaNotpAdaka upAntya upAdAnakSaNa meM yaha vizeSa kisI bhI prakAra se nahIM A sakatA hai, jisa se vaha upAntyakSaNa kurvadarUpatvaviziSTacaramakSaNa ko utpanna kara sake / isa sthiti meM kSaNoM ke dvArA hI kurbadurUpatva kA niyamana hotA hai, yaha nizcayanayavAdI kI mAnyatA hI galata hai / uparAnta kriyAnayavAhI ke mata meM tIsarA doSa yaha AtA hai ki ve loga bhI kArya liMgaka kAraNAnumAna mAnate haiM, vyavahAranayavAdImA mAnane haiM, parantu nizcayanayavAdI ke mata meM kArya liMgaka kAraNAnumAna kA uccheda ho jAyagA / __ "parvato amimAn dhUmAt" yaha kArya liGgaka kAraNAnumAna mAnA jAtA hai isa meM dhUmarUpa kArya hai liMga aura agnirUpa kAraNa liMgI hai| dhUma ke prati ani kAraNa hai, isataraha ke kAryakAraNabhAva kA jJAna jisa vyakti ko hai, usa ko yadi parvatAdi sthala meM dhUma kA darzana hotA hai, taba "yaha parvata agnivAlA hai" isataraha kA jJAna usa vyakti ko hotA hai, kyoMki vaha samajhatA hai ki dhUma jo parvata meM dekha rahA hU~, vaha agni ke binA ho sakatA nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha agni se utpanna hotA hai| yadi agni to dhUma bhI na hotA / dhUma to pratyakSa hI hai, to agni bhI jarUra isa parvata para hai / yahI kAryaliGgaka kAraNAnumiti kA svarUpa hai / agnitvena agnisAmAnya ko dhUma sAmAnya ke prati kAraNa nizcayanayavAdI to mAnate hI nahIM haiN| una ke mata meM jo agnikSaNa dhUmakurvadarUpAtmaka utpanna hotA hai vahI agnikSaNa dhUma ke prati kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| anya agnikSaNa jo kurvadarUpatvaviziSTa nahIM utpanna hue haiM, ve dhUma ke prati kAraNa nahIM mAne gae haiM, isIlie sakalaagnikSaNoM meM dhUmakAraNatA kA jJAna nizcayanaya kI dRSTi se nahIM ho sakatA hai| evaM dhUmakarvadarUpAtmaka agnikSaNa se prathama dhUmakSaNa utpanna hotA hai, usa ke bAda pUrvapUrva dhUmakSaNa se uttarottara dhUmakSaNa utpanna hote haiM, una kSaNoM meM upAdAnopAdeyabhAva nizcayanayavAdI mAnate haiM, ataH sakaladhUmakSaNa kisI eka agnikSaNa ke kArya bhI una ke mata meM nahIM mAne gae haiM / isa sthiti meM dhUmasAmAnya ke prati agnisAmAnya meM kAraNatA kA jJAna hI una ke mata meM nahIM ho sakatA hai, kyoMki isataraha kI sAmAnyarUpa se kAraNatA kA grAhaka pratyakSAdi koI bhI pramANa nahIM hai| ataH kArya se kAraNa kA anumAna una ke mata meM nahIM ho sakatA hai| isalie bhI kurvadurUpatva viziSTa caramakSaNa meM hI kAraNatva kA svIkAra karanA saMgata nahIM hai| ---- -oniarima rAta meM nahAnA

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ra8 upA. yazovijayaracite ata eva kriyamANametannaye na kRtam , kAraNacakrasampatyuttarameva kArya siddheH / anyathA samasamayabhAvitve kAryakAraNabhAvavyavasthA'yogAdupAdAnopAdeyabhAvasyApi para yadi nizcayanayavAdI aisA kaheM ki-"yadyapi dhUmakurvadarUpAtmaka agni hI dhUma ke prati kAraNa hotA hai / phira bhI vaha agni jisaprakAra kA hai vaise hI akurvadarUpaagnikSaNa kurvadurUpaagni se pUrvapUrva kSaNoM meM bhI milate haiM, ataH agnisAmAnya meM dhUma ke prati kAraNatA kA jJAna saralatA se ho jaaygaa| eva', kurva darUpaagni se jo dhUmakSaNa utpanna hotA hai, usa kA sAdRzya taduttaravartI dhUmakSaNoM meM rahatA hai, yadyapi ve dhUmakSaNa svapUrvavartI dhUmakSaNa se hI utpanna hote haiM tathApi sAdRzya kI mahimA se sabhI dhUmakSaNoM meM agninirUpitakAryatA kA jJAna ho sakegA / ataH dhUmasAmAnya ke prati agnisAmAnya meM kAraNatAgraha hone se kArya liMgaka kAraNAnumAna kA uccheda nahIM hogA"-to aisA kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki pUrvAparavartI agnikSaNoM meM athavA pUrvAparavartI dhUmakSaNoM meM sAdRzya kA jJAna tabhI ho sakatA hai yadi pUrvAparavartIkSaNoM kA jJAtA koI sthira mAnA jAya, aisA to nizcayanaya mAnatA hI nahIM hai kyoMki usa ke mata meM sabhI padArtha kSaNika mAne jAte haiN| ataH pUrvAparakSaNoM kA anusaMdhAna hI usa ke mata meM sambhava nahIM hai to sAdRzya kA bhI jJAna nahIM ho sakatA hai, taba sAdRzya kI mahimA se sakalaagnikSaNoM meM kAraNatA kA jJAna aura sakala dhUmakSaNoM meM kArya tA kA jJAna bhI nahIM ho sakatA hai, isalie sAmAnyarUpa se kAraNatAgraha na hone ke kAraNa kArya liMgaka kAraNAnumAna kA ucchedarUpa doSa usa ke mata meM lagA hI rahatA hai / isa rIti se aura bhI doSa nizcayanaya ke mata meM pUrva ke AcAryoM ne "anekAMtajayapatAkA" Adi granthoM meM batAe haiM / jijJAsulogoM ko una doSoM kA parijJAna unhIM granthoM se karanA cAhie / [ata eva kriyamANam] vyavahAranaya kurva durUpatvena carama kAraNa ko hA kAraNa nahIM mAnatA hai kiMtu kArya niyatapUrvavartItvena akurva durUpa ko bhI kAraNa mAnatA hai, isI hetu se isa ke mata meM, kriyamANa kRta nahIM hotA hai / sakala kAraNa kA samavadhAna jaba taka nahIM A hai, taba taka ghaTAdikArya kriyamANa hI kahA jAtA hai / kAraNacakra kA mamavadhAna hone ke bAda hI kArya kI siddhi hotI hai aura usI dazA meM kArya kRta kahA jAtA hai| cakra se utArane ke bAda ghaTa ko nibhADe meM pakva karane ke lie rakhA jAtA hai, jaba ke usa meM se ghaTa nikAlA nahIM jAtA hai, taba taka ghaTa isa mata meM kriyamANa hI kahA jAtA hai| pAka se uttIrNa hone para ghaTa meM siddhatA AtI hai taba vaha ghaTa 'kRta' kahA jAtA hai, kyoMki ghaTa kI siddhi ke lie kisI kAraNa kI sampatti yA samavadhAna taba Avazyaka nahIM rahatA hai| yadi kurva durUpa hI kAraNa mAnA jAya to kAryakAla meM hI caramakAraNa kurva darUpatva ko prApta karatA hai / taba kArya aura kurva darUpAtmaka kAraNa ye donoM kA samaya samAna hI rahatA hai, isalie kAryakAraNabhAva kI vyavasthA bhI nizcayanaya ke mata meM nahIM bana sakatI hai| "go" Adi pazuoM ke do zRGga eka hI samaya meM nikalate haiM, una meM koI AGa dUsare zaGga ke prati kAraNa nahIM banatA hai, usItaraha samasamaya bhAvi karvamA aura ghaTAdi kArya ina dono meM bhI koI kisI kA kAraNa nahIM bana sakatA hai|

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229 nayarahasya kAraNatAvimarzaH sparopamardaniyatasya kSaNabheda niyatatvAt / na ca vartamAnatvamatItatvaM caikatra vyavahArasiddha, na cAnIdRze'rthe pramANAvatAraH, na ca yatkiJcidvayavahAradarzanAta sarvatra tadarzanAzvAso nyAyyaH-ityAdikaM vyavahAranizcayayomitho vivAdamavalokya vastusthitiranveSaNIyA / yahA~ nizcayanaya ke mata se yaha kahA jAya ki-'ekasamayabhAvi hone para bhI jo upAdAna hogA vahI kAraNa banegA aura jo upAdeya hogA vahI kArya hogA / isarIti se ghaTakurva darUpAtmaka vastu meM kAraNatA hogI aura ghaTa meM upAdeyatA hone se kAryatA rahegI, ataH upAdAnogadeyabhAva hI kAryakAraNabhAva kA vyavasthApaka banegA, isalie avyavasthA kA prasaMga denA ucita nahIM hai to isa kA samAdhAna vyavahAranaya kI dRSTi se isataraha diyA jAtA hai ki jahA~-jahA~ upAdAna-upAdeyabhAva hai, vahA~ vahA~ upamapimardakabhAva bhI rahatA hai / jaise-mRtpiNDa aura ghaTa meM upAdAnopAdeyabhAva rahatA hai, vahA~ upama?pamardakabhAva bhI hai / mRtpiNDa kA upamarda kara ke hI ghaTa utpanna hotA hai / "upamardana" pada se pUrvAvasthA kA vinAza sUcita hotA hai| piNDAvasthA kA vinAza jaba taka nahIM hotA hai, taba taka ghaTa bhI nahIM hotA hai yaha anubhavasiddha hai, ataH upamartha jo hotA hai vahI upAdAna kahA jAtA hai aura jo upamardaka hotA hai vahI upAdeya kahA jAtA hai, isalie upAdAnopAdeyabhAva kA vyApaka upama pamardakabhAva banatA hai / tathA upamaryopamardakabhAva jahA~ jahA~ rahatA hai vahA~ vahA~ kSaNabheda bhI rahatA hai kyoMki pUrva kSaNa meM upAdAna kA upamardana hone para hI uttarakSaNa meM ghaTAdikArya kI utpatti hotI haiM, ataH kSaNabheda kA rahanA vahA~ Avazyaka hai jahA~ upAdAna-upAdeyabhAva rahatA hai / isa rIti se upAdAnopAdeyabhAva kSaNabheda kA vyApya banatA hai / aba ekakSaNa meM kSaNabheda to rahegA nahIM, isalie tadvayApyabhUta upama pamardakabhAva bhI nahIM rhegaa| phalataH tadvayApyabhUta upAdAnopAdeyabhAva bhI nahIM raha skegaa| vyApaka kA abhAva jahA~ rahatA hai, vahA~ tavayApya kA aura tadvayApyavyApya kA abhAva avazya rahatA hai| jaise dravyatva kA abhAva guNAdi meM rahatA hai, vahA~ tadvayApya pRthivItva kA aura pRthivItva ke vyApya ghaTatva kA bhI abhAva rahatA hai, yaha bAta to prasiddha hI hai| isalie samAnasamaya meM upAdAnopAdeyabhAva ke dvArA nizcayavAdIyoM kI kAryakAraNabhAvavyavasthA kisItaraha sambhavita nahIM ho sakatI hai| dasarI bAta yaha hai ki kriyamANa kRta hI hai. isa mAnyatA ko siddha karane ke lie nizcaya nayavAdI ko kRdhAtUttara zAnaca pratyayArtha vartamAnatva aura kRdhAtRttaraniSThApratyayArtha atItatva ko eka hI ghaTAdi vastu meM ekakAlAvacchedena rakhanA Avazyaka hogaa| parantu yaha sambhava nahIM hai kyoMki vartamAnatva aura atItatva kI ekakAlAvacchedena ekavastu meM sthiti vyavahAra se siddha nahIM hai / isalie ekavastu meM ekakAlAvacchedena vartamAnatva aura atItatva kI sthiti pramANa se bhI siddha nahIM hai kyoMki jo vastu vyavahAra meM nahIM AtI hai, usa me pramANa kI bhI pravRtti nahIM hotI hai| ata: "kriyamANa kRta hI hai" isataraha kI nizcayanaya kI mAnyatA apramANika hai / nizcayavAdI aisA kahe ki-"kriyamANa kata hI hai" isataraha kA vyavahAra vyavahAranayavAdI ko na hotA ho to bhI nizcayanaya

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upA. yazovijayaracite phalaM punarvicitranayavAdAnAM jinapravacana viSayarucisampAdanadvArA rAgadveSavilaya eva / ata evArya (zrIbhadrabAhu)bhagavadupadezo'pi (Avazyaka niyuktau)| "savve sipi NayANaM bahuviha vattavyayaM NisAmittA / taM savvanayavisuddhaM, jaM caraNaguNa Dhio sAhU // 1055 // kI dRSTi se kisI ko to yaha vyavahAra avazya hotA hai / taba, vyavahAraprasiddha hone ke kAraNa pramANa kI bhI pravRtti hogii| pramANa kI pravRtti hone para "kriyamANa kRta hI hai" isa mAnyatA meM apramANikatA kA ApAdAna hI asanta hai|"-to yaha kahanA bhI ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki kisI eka vyakti kA isataraha kA vyavahAra dekhane meM Ave to isa se sabhI vyakti kA isataraha kA vyavahAra Aja nahIM to bhaviSya meM jarUra dekhane meM AegA, aisA vizvAsa kara lenA nyAyasaMgata nahIM hai, kyoMki bhaviSya meM sabhI vyakti ko aisA vyavahAra hogA hI, isa kA koI niyAmaka dekhane meM nahIM AtA hai| ____ "gambhIraM nayama kiyada vivicyate" etat paryantagrantha se nizcayanayavAdIne vyavahAra naya ke pakSa kA nirAkaraNapUrvaka nizcayanaya ke pakSa kA samarthana kiyA hai / usa ke bAda vyavahAranayavAdI ne nizcayanayavAdI kA nirAkaraNapUrvaka apane pakSa kA samarthana kiyA hai| "kurvadarUpAtmaka caramakAraNa hI kArya ke prati kAraNa hai" isake samarthana meM nizcayanayavAdIne apanI dRSTi se sabhI yuktiyoM kA avalambana kiyA hai / kAryaniyatapUrvavRti hI kArya ke prati kAraNa hai, cAhe vaha tatkAla meM kArya kA utpAdana karatA ho, yA na karatA ho-yaha pakSa vyavahAranaya kA hai| isa ke samarthana meM vyavahAranayavAdI ne bhI apanI dRSTi se sabhI yuktiyoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / vicAra karane para kisI bhI pakSa meM durbalatva yA prabalatva dRSTigocara nahIM hotA hai / ataH isa vivAda kA anta nahIM AtA hai kintu vivAda khaDA hI rahatA hai, isalie vivAdaviSayavastu kI kyA sthiti hai arthAt donoM pakSoM meM kauna pakSa prAmANika mAnA jAya isa kA anveSaNa karanA cAhie // tAtparya, jo ubhayanaya sammata vastu hai vahI syAhAdamata meM pramANa hai| phala punaH] pUrva meM "vastusthiti kA anveSaNa karanA cAhie" esA yanthakAra ne kahA hai, usa vastusthiti ko "caraNaguNaTUThio sAhU'' isa gAthAMza se paramamadhyasthatArUpa meM granthakAra svayaM hI kahanevAle haiM / vaha paramamadhyasthatA rAgadvaSavilaya ke binA nahIM prApta hotI aura vaha nayajJAnasAdhya hai / nayavAda bhI rAgadvaSavilaya kA sAkSAt kAraNa nahIM hai kintu jina pravacana prokta viSayoM meM rucisampAdana dvArA hI hai| isa kA Azaya yaha hai ki jitanA tathya vANI se kahA jA sakatA hai ve sabhA jina se kathita hI hai| jinokti kA viSaya jo nahIM hai, vaha kisI anya kI satya vANI kA viSaya nahIM ho sakatA hai / jinavANI ke viSayabhUta padArthoM meM kitane logoM ko virodha kA AbhAsa hotA hai, jahA~ parasparavirodha kA AbhAsa ho, usa meM apramANikatA kA bhrama bhI hotA hai, jisa viSaya meM apramANikatA kA bhrama hotA hai usa viSaya meM logoM kI ruci nahIM hotI hai, isalie una logoM ko jinapratipAdita viSaya meM ruci kA na honA sambhAvita rahatA hai| jina ko nayoM kA jJAna nahIM hai, aise vyaktiyoM ko jina viSayoM meM virodha

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nayarahasye balAbalavimarzaH 231 sarveSAmapi mUlanayAnAm , apizabdAttabhedAnAM ca, nayAnAM dravyAstikAdInAM bahuvidhavaktavyatA- 'sAmAnyameva, vizeSA eva, ubhayameva vA'napekSamityAdirUpAMathavA nAmAdInAM nayAnAM kaH kaM sAdhumicchatItyAdirUpAM-nizamya zrutvA, tataH sarvanayavizuddha sarvanayasammataM vacanaM-'yaccaraNaguNasthitaH' sAdhuH / yasmAtsarvanayA eva bhAvakA AbhAsa hotA hai vaha isa prakAra haiM ki koI vAdI sAmAnyamAtra ko padArtha mAnatA hai, koI vizeSamAtra padArtha mAnatA hai, ina donoM maMtoM meM paraspara virodha honA sambhavita hai / taba jisa mata para jisa kI zraddhA hotI hai, usa meM usa ko rAga hotA hai, jisa mata para zraddhA nahIM hotI hai, usa para dveSa hotA hai / nayajJAna jina ko hai, una ko to virodha kA bhAna hI nahIM hai kyoMki ve samajhate haiM ki sagrahanaya kI dRSTi se sAmAnyamAtra ko padArtha kahanA ThAka hI haiM / vyavahAranayakI dRSTi se vizeSamAtra ko padArtha mAnanA bhI ThIka hI hai, ataH jinapratipAdita sabhI padArtha yukta hI haiM, isataraha virodha nivAraNa dvArA jinavANI ke viSayoM meM ruci kA sampAdana naya ke dvArA hone para, kisI padArtha meM yA mata meM rAgadveSa nahIM rahatA hai, ata: vastusthiti ko pahale na batAkara usa ke prati kAraNIbhUta rAgadveSavilayarUpa nayavAdoM ke phala ko hI granthakAra ne batAyA hai| naya vAdoM kA phala rAgadveSa kA vilaya hI hai, isa vastu kA samarthana karane ke lie "bhagavAna bhadrabAhu ke vacana kA uddharaNa granthakAra ne kiyA hai| sarveSAmapi nayAnAM bahavidhavaktavyatAM nizamya / tatsarvanayavizuddha yaccarajaguNasthitaH sAdhuH // ] isa gAthA kI vyAkhyA bhI (zrI haribhadramUriviracitavRtti se) yahA~ para udadhRta kI gayI hai, isa uddharaNa se bhI nayavAdoM kA phala rAgadveSavilaya hI hai' isa kathana meM samarthana milatA hai| ukta gAthA ko haribhadrIya vRtti meM "savvesipi NayANaM' isa aza kA vivaraNa-"sarveSAmapi mUlanayAnAma, apizabdAt tadabhedAnAJca" isataraha kiyA gayA hai| yahA~ zaMkA uThatI hai ki naigama, saMgraha Adi sAtoM nayoM ke mUlabhUta naya do hI mAne gaye haiM dravyAstika aura paryAyAstika / inhIM donoM ke prabheda naigama, saMgraha AMdi mAne naye haiM, isa kA vivaraNa isa grantha meM pUrva meM kiyA gayA hai / "siddhasena divAkara" Adi AcAryo ne bhI aisA hI kahA hai / ataH "mUlanayayoH bhedAnAJca" isataraha kA vivaraNa honA cAhie thaa| "mUlanayAnAm' aisA bahuvacana kA prayoga to mUlanaya ke bheda do se adhika hote tabhI hI saMgata hotA?"-isa zaMkA kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki jaise-mRlanaya ke dravyAstika. paryAyAstika ye do bheda mAne gaye haiM, vase hI jJAnanaya-kriyAnaya, isa rUpa se bhI do bheda mAne gaye haiM evaM vyavahAranaya-nizcayanaya isataraha bhI do bheda mAne gae haiM, isa Azaya se 'haribhadrIyavatti" meM "sarveSAmeva mUlanayAnAm" isataraha bahuvacanAnta pada dvArA vivaraNa sAMgata hotA hai| ina tInoM prakAra ke mUla bhedoM kI mAnyatA bhinna bhinna hai| "dravyAsti naya dravyamAtra hI svIkAratA hai aura "paryAyAstikanaya" paryAyamAtra hI svIkAra karatA hai isa lie ina donoM bhedoM meM vivAda upasthita hotA hai ki ina donoM meM se kisa kI mAnyatA satya mAnI jAya ? / evaM, jJAnanaya aura kriyAnaya isa vibhAgapakSa meM bhI matabheda upasthita hotA hai| upAdeya aura heya arthoM kA jJAna hone para hI mukti ho sakatI hai|

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rarUpe upA. yA vijayaracite nikSepamicchantIti gAthArthaH // [ zrIhAribhadrIyA vRttiH] // tti // caraNaguNasthitizca paramamAdhyasthyarUyA, na rAgadveSavilayamantareNeti tadarthanA tadarthamavazyaM prayAtatavyamityupadezasarvasvam // // iti nayarahasyaprakaraNam // ajJAna se mukti ke lie pravRtti karanevAle ko mukti nahIM milatI hai, isalie "jJAna sampAdana hI mukti kA aMga hai" / ataeva "prathama jJAnaM tato dayA" ityAdi AcArya kA vacana saMgata hotA hai / yaha mAnyatA "jJAnanaya" kI hai / tathA upAdeya aura heya vastu kA jJAna hone para mukti ke lie kriyA meM hI prayatnazIla honA cAhie, kriyArahita vyakti ko makti nahIM milatI hai, isalie "kriyA hI mukti kA aMga hai|" yaha kriyAnaya kI mAnyatA hai / kriyAnayavAdI apane mata ke samarthana meM-"kriyaiva phaladA puMsAM na jJAna phaladaM matam / nahi strIbhakSyabhogajJo jJAnAdeva sukhIbhavet // " isa vacana ko upasthita karate haiM / kriyA hI phala ko detI hai, jJAnamAtra se phala nahIM hotA hai| strI bhakSya aura bhoga inake jJAna mAtra se kisI ko sukha nahIM milatA hai, kintu jJAna hone ke bAda sukha ke lie kiyA kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai| ataH mukti cAhanevAle ko bhI kiyA kA Azraya lenA Avazyaka hai, isalie kriyAnayavAdI ko jJAna kI apekSA se kriyA meM pradhAnatA abhISTa hai / bhinna-bhinna mAnyatA hone ke kAraNa ina donoM meM vivAda upasthita hotA hai / evaM "nagama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjasUtra, zabda, samabhirUDha aura evambhUta" ina sabhI prabhedabhUta nayoM ke vaktavya bhI bhinna-bhinna haiN| jaise"saMgrahanaya" sAmAnyamAtra ko mAnatA hai, "vyavahAranaya" vizeSamAtra ko mAnatA hai, "naigamanaya" sAmAnya aura vizeSa ina donoM ko mAnatA hai, "RjusUtranaya' atIta anAgata ko na mAnakara vartamAnamAtra ko mAnatA hai, "zabdanaya" vizeSitara pratyutpanna (vartamAna) mAtra kA bodha karAtA haiM, "samabhirUhanaya" usa se vizeSitatara artha kA grAhaka mAnA gayA hai, isalie vaha saMjJAbheda se bhI artha kA bheda mAnatA hai, "evambhUtanaya" to atyaMta sUkSma artha ko mAnatA hai kyoMki vaha jalAharaNAdi kriyAkAla meM hI ghaTa ko ghaTa mAnatA hai| ataH mantavya ke bheda se ina sabhI mUlanayoM meM vivAda upasthita hotA hai ki kisa kI mAnyatA satya hai? athavA naigamAdinayoM meM se kauna sA naya nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva huna cAra nikSepoM meM se kisa nikSepa ko mAnatA hai. isa meM bhI vivAda hai| ina vivAdoM ko sunakara AcArya vastusthiti ko samajhAne ke lie kahate haiM ki sarvanayoM kA sammata vacana yahI hai ki 'jo caraNaguNasthita hai vahI sAdhu hai' / yaha vacana sarvanaya sammata isalie mAnA gayA hai ki bhAvanikSepa ko sabhI naya mAnate haiM / nikSepacatuSTaya ko mAnanevAle "negama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, Rjutra" ina cAroM nayoM ko bhI bhAvanikSepa mAnane meM koI vimati nahIM hai, zabda samabhirUDha, evambhUta ye tInoM naya to bhAvanikSepa ko hI mAnate haiN| "caraNaguNasthitaH" isa pada meM "caraNa" pada se AcaraNa vivakSita hai, AcaraNa kriyArUpa hotA hai, isalie kriyAnaya kI sUcanA "caraNa" zabda se milatI hai / "guNa" pada

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nayarahasya 233 [ granthakAraprazastiH ] yasyA''san guravo'tra jItavijayaprAjJAH prakRSTAzayAH bhrAjante sanayA nayAdivijayaprAjJAzca vidyApradAH / kA artha yahA~ jJAna liyA gayA hai, ataH "guNa" pada se "jJAnanaya" sUcita hotA hai / kriyA aura jJAna ina donoM meM jo rahate haiM arthAt kriyA aura jJAna ina donoM kA jo Azraya karatA hai vaha "caraNaguNasthita' kahA jAtA hai / isa vAkya meM "sAdhu" zabda "sAdhnoti mokSaM yaH sa sAdhuH" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra mokSasAdhaka artha meM liyA gayA hai, isalie kriyA aura jJAna ina donoM kA Azraya jo karatA hai, vahI mokSa kA sAdhaka bana sakatA hai, yaha sarvanayasammata vacana kA vAkyArtha hai / jJAna aura kriyA ina donoM kA Azraya vahI le sakatA hai, jo jJAnanaya aura kriyAnaya ina donoM meM madhyasthatA kA avalambana karatA hai / madhyasthatA ke avalambana se sabhI nayoM kA vivAda jo pUrva meM pradarzita kiyA gayA hai, usa kA bhI anta ho jAtA hai kyoMki sabhI nayoM kA mantavya apekSAbheda se satya hI hai, yahI vastusthiti kahI jA sakatI hai / "caraNaguNasthiti" paramamadhyasthatArUpa hI mAnI gaI hai, vaha paramamadhyasthatA rAga aura dveSa kI nivRtti ke binA nahIM ho sakatI hai, ataH paramamadhyasthatA ke icchuka vyakti ko rAga-dveSa kI nivRtti ke lie prayatna avazya karanA cAhie kyoMki jaba taka rAgadveSa kA vilaya na hogA, taba taka paramamadhyasthatA kI prApti nahIM hogI aura jaba taka paramamadhyasthatA kI prApti na hogI, taba taka koI bhI vyakti mokSa kA sAdhaka nahIM bana skegaa| mokSa kI siddhi sabhI ko abhISTa hotI hai, ataH usa ke lie paramamAdhyasthya ko bhI abhISTa banAnA mokSArthI ke lie jarUrI hai| ataH paramamAdhyasthya ko siddha karane ke lie rAgadveSa se rahita banane kA prayAsa sabhI vyakti ko karanA cAhie yahI nayopadeza kA rahasya hai| yasyAsana yaha lokasvabhAva prasiddha hai ki jaba grantha ke racayitA meM vizuddha sampradAyAnugAmitA kI buddhi hotI hai, grantha ke adhyayana meM jhaTiti pravRtti hotI hai| isa hetu se granthakartA grantha ke Adi yA anta meM svakIya zuddha paramparA kI prazasti karate haiM. yaha niyama adhika granthakAroM meM pAyA jAtA hai, tadanusAra "nayarahasya prakaraNa" grantha ko pUrA karake "yazovijaya upAdhyAyajI" bhI svaparamparAsUcaka padya ko grantha meM samAviSTa karate haiM / "sArasvatA: kAnyakubjAH gauDamaithilautkalAH' ityAdi vacanAnusAra jaise "sArasvata, kAnyakubja" Adi zabdoM se brAhmaNoM kA vibhAga mAnA gayA hai, vaise hI jaina bhI "tapAgaccha, kharataragaccha" ityAdi gacchAnta zabdoM se vibhAga prasiddha hai| prakRta granthakartA "tapAgaccha" kI paramparA meM hue the, yaha bAta prasiddha hai| isI gaccha kA sUcaka "atra" zabda padya meM nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai / isa tapAgaccha meM granthakAra ke do vidyAguru the, jina se vidyA kI prApti granthakAra ko huI thI, una donoM guruoM kA nAma granthakArane yahA~ para nirdiSTa kiyA hai| isa grantha kI samAptikAla meM una ke prathama vidyAguru jItavijayajI mahArAja kA svargavAsa ho cukA thaa| isa bAta ko bhUtakAlika "Asan"

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2rUka upA0 yazovijayakRta premNAM yasya ca sadma padmavijayo jAtaH sudhIH sodaraH soyaM nyAyavizAradaH sma tanute kAJcinnayaprakriyAm // 1 // granthe dapaNadarzane nivizate durmedhasAM vAsanA, ___bhAvAbhijJatayA mudaM tu dadhate ye ke'pi tebhyo namaH / pada se sUcita kiyA hai| apane lAkSAta guru "nayavijayajI" mahArAja usa kAla meM vidyamAna the isa bAta ko "bhrAjante" isa vartamAnakAlika prayoga se sUcita kiyA hai / gurudeva "jItavijayajI" ke lie "prAjJa" tathA "kRSTAzaya' ye do vizeSaNa lagAe gaye haiN| prathama vizeSaNa se svasiddhAnta aura parasiddhAntoM ke rahasyoM ko jAnanevAle "jItavijayajI" the, aisA sUcita hotA hai / "prakRSTaH Azayo yasya" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra jina kA Azaya arthAt citta prakRSTa arthAt udAra thA aise "jItavijayajI" the aisA dvitIya vizeSaNa se sUcita hotA hai| udAracinavAle guru rahasyavastu ko bhI apane ziSya se chipAkara nahIM rakhate haiM, aise guruoM kA svabhAva hI aisA hotA hai ki yogya ziSya ke lie rahasyavastuoM kA bhI upadeza kara hI dete haiN| isa se upAdhyAyajI ko bhI "sakala siddhAnta rahasya kI prApti" sUcita hotI hai / dvitIya sAkSAt guru "nayavijayajI" the jina se granthakartA ko dIkSA aura vidyA donoM kI prApti huI thI aura jo "jItaviyayajI" ke satIya the, una ke lie "sanayA" aisA vizeSaNa isa meM prayukta hai, "dehalIdIpaka" nyAya se prakRSTAzaya yaha vizeSaNa bhI nayavijayajI meM lagatA hai / "sanaya" isa vizeSaNa se "nayavijayajI'' meM dItikuzalatA kI sUcanA milatI hai / isa ke bAda isa padya meM "padmavijayajI" kA ullekha AtA hai, una ke lie premasamayaha vizeSaNa diyA gayA hai, isa se yaha sUcita hotA hai ki "padmavijayajI' granthakAra ke laghubhrAtA the, ina ke lie "sudhIH sodara" ye aura bhI do vizeSaNa prayukta hai, jisa se sUcita hotA hai ki "padmavijayajI" granthakAra ke pUrvAzrama ke sodara mAtA the aura pUrNa buddhimAna the| usa ke bAda granthakAra ne apane lie "nyAyavizAradaH" aisA vizeSaNa prayukta kiyA hai, isa se yaha sUcita hotA hai ki ye ananyAya se itara bauddhanyAya, gautamIya. nyAya Adi sabhA nyAyazAstroM meM ve pUrNakuzala the kyoMki isa meM 'nyAya' yaha sAmAnya vAcaka zabda hI prayukta hai, ata: "prAjJakRSTAzaya nItikuzala guru se vidyA prApta kara ke viziSTabuddhivAle svalaghubhrAtA" padmavijayajI ke sAtha sahavAsa ke dvArA prApta vidyAoM ko dRDha kara ke "nyAyavizArada upAdhyAyajI" ne isa grantha kA nirmANa kiyA hai, isalie "nayarahasya prakaraNa" upAdeya siddha hotA hai "guravaH" isa bahubacana prayoga se granthakAra apane guruoM ke prati sammAna ko pragaTa karate haiM, jisa se gurustuti sUcita hotI hai // 1 // grantha ke Adi yA anta meM durjananindA aura sajjanaprazaMsA kA ullekha karanA yaha bhI granthakAroM kI prakriyA prasiddha hai. parantu prastuta granthakAra jainamuni hone ke kAraNa kisI kI bhI nindA karanA ucita nahIM samajhate haiM, durjanoM ke prati upekSA rakhanA hI ye apanA karttavya mAnate haiM, isalie prastuta padya meM durjana ke lie upekSA kA hI dyotana kiyA

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nayarahasya mandAradrumapallaveSu karabhA kiM no bhRzaM dveSiNo ye cAsvAda vidastadekarasikAH zlAdhyAsta eva kSitau // 2 // kRtvA prakaraNametat pravacanabhaktyA yadarjitaM sukRtam / rAgadveSavirahatastato'stu kalyANasamprAptiH // 3 // hai aura sajjanoM ke lie namaskAra ke dvArA prazaMsA kA pradarzana kiyA hai / granthakAra kA kahanA yaha hai ki 'doSo hyavidyamAno'pi taccittAnAM prakAzate" isa ukti ke anusAra dubuddhi loga grantha ke abhiprAya ko jAne binA grantha meM dUSaNa nikAlane kA hI prayAsa karate haiM kyoMki una kI vAsanA hI aisI hotI hai / ataH una ke viSaya meM mujhe kucha bhI kahanA nahIM hai / kintu, granthakartA ke abhiprAya ko samajhakara jo loga Anandita hote haiM, ve cAhe hamAre sadharmA ho yA vidharmA ho una ko hamArA namaskAra hai / mandAravRkSa ke pallavoM meM uSTroM ko kyA adhika dveSa nahIM rahatA hai ? rahatA hI hai, isIlie ve mandAra pallavoM ko choDakara kaTu rasa se yukta nimba Adi ke pallavoM kA bhakSaNa karate haiM, isa se loka meM una kI zlAghA nahIM hotI hai kyA ? jo koI mandAravRkSa ke pallavoM kA AsvAda jAnate haiM, ve to usI ke rasika hote haiM aura vahI pRthivI para prazaMsanIya mAne jAte haiN| isa kathana se durjana ke prati upekSA aura sajjana ke prati prazaMsA abhivyakta hotI hai // 2 // __ granthakAroM kI yaha bhI eka zailI hai ki grantha ke AdibhAga meM yA antabhAga meM granthanirmANa ke lie svakIya pravRtti kA kAraNa nirdiSTa kara dete haiM aura grantharacanA ke phala kA bhI nirdeza karate haiM tathA grantha ke liye AzirvAda bhI abhivyakta karate haiM / isI Azaya se prastuta carama padya kA nirmANa prakRta granthakAra ne kiyA hai, ina kA kahanA yaha hai ki "nayarahasya prakaraNa' karane meM koI anya kAraNa nahIM hai kintu jinapravacana meM arthAt janazAsana meM mujhe bhakti hai vahI isa grantha ke nirmANa meM kAraNa hai, ataH pravacana bhakti ke dvArA isa prakaraNa ko kara ke jo sukRta kA upArjana maiM ne kiyA hai, usa se rAgadveSavilaya dvArA kalyANa kI prApti isa grantha ke adhyetA aura adhyApaka logoM ko hove / isa kathana se pravacana bhakti granthanirmANa kA kAraNa siddha hotA hai aura mukhya phala kalyANa kI prApti tathA dvArabhUta phala rAgadveSa kA vilaya nizcita hotA hai // 3 // nayarahasyaprakaraNa samApta maithila paNDitavarya-nyAyavedAntAcArya-vidvajjanAgraNI paNDitamahodaya ---- zrI durgAnAtha jhA kRta, muni zrI jayasundara vijayaparimArjita, nayarahasya hindI bhASA vivaraNa samApta huaa| jaina jayati zAsanam

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zuddhipatraka 2-6 dyotana bodhaka - vaktavya Isvatva SaTrAva isvatva kaha pRSTha/pati azuddha dyota na bAdhaka 12-4 hesvAva SaDtva -14 hasvatva 22-3 nihA 24-3 rAnavedha 42-2 tayodha sAdhAraNa 73-10 pratyAvRtti 80-23 parimANa 84-4- sAmAnyatva hAni vaktavyaH viSayatva yaha vidheyatAka vaktavyaH nAstyeva vaha mAnanA svAbhAMcyAt rAnuvedha tayorghaTa sAdhAraNa pratyAsatti pariNAma sAmAnyaktva mAnate hai vaha (a01-sU.5) hari 161-27 zabda 28 162-10 viSaya 163-25 164-34 vidheyatA ke 167-26 vaktavya 168-19 nAstyena -26 vaha satva 180-4 mAnA 181-2 skAmAvyAt 183-10 "harI" 184-7 zabda 185-3 siddhopuNa 189-28 kyoMki caitanya 192-9 prAnti 200-10 ....yahA~ ... 204-2 205-4 samabAva bhAvasva 211-5 ko anvaya 212-13 213-33 mane ne 214-21 karaNa vartamA viziSTaH 'ghara' zabda siddho puNa kyoMki 109-4 112-90. 126-11 127-20 131-8 pR. 223...yahA~ karaNa samayasyaiva bhAvasyaiva ke acaya 189 'vize. niyukti ghaTAnyatvarUpa vyAvahArika viSayA apugata (sUtra-35) parikAra kI abhyApti meM paryAvasAyI eva bhUta 137-14 140-1 149-1 151-17 152-16 155-8 vize. bhAgya kyAnyalvarUpa vyAvahArikAyAkhya viSayatA abhyupagata (a.1-sU.35) parikAra meM avyApti kI. paryavasAyI ' samabhilTa baha mAne ne kAraNa vartamAna viziSTa 216-29

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APAL jaino dhanI stumaMgalama