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________________ AcArya prabhAcandra aura unakA prameyakamalamArtaNDa sUtrakAra mANikyanandi jainanyAyazAstra meM mANikyanandi AcAryakA parIkSAmukhasUtra Adya sUtragrantha hai / prameyaratnamAlAkAra anantavIryAcAryaM likhate haiM ki- "akalaGkavacombhodheH uddadhe yena dhImatA / nyAyavidyAmRtaM tasmai namo mANikyanandine // " arthAt-jisa dhImAnne akalaGkake vacanasAgarakA mathana karake nyAyavidyAmRta nikAlA usa mANikyanandiko namaskAra ho / isa ullekhase spaSTa hai ki mANikyanandine akalaGkanyAyakA manthanakara apanA sUtragrantha banAyA hai / akalaGkadevane jainanyAyazAstrakI rUparekhA bA~dhakara tadanusAra dArzanikapadArthoMkA vivecana kiyA haiM / unake laghIyastraya, nyAyavinizcaya, siddhivinizcaya, pramANasaMgraha Adi nyAyaprakaraNoMke AdhArase mANi kyanandine parIkSAmukhasUtrakI racanA kI hai / bauddhadarzana meM hetumukha, nyAyamukha jaise grantha the / mANikyanandi jainanyAyake koSAgAra meM apanA ekamAtra parIkSAmukharUpI mANikyako hI jamA karake apanA amarasthAna banA gae haiM / isa sUtra granthakI saMkSipta para vizadasAravAlI nirdoSa zailI apanA anokhA sthAna rakhatI hai / isameM sUtrakA yaha lakSaNa "alpAkSaramasandigdhaM sAravadvizvatomukham / astobhamanavadyaJca sUtraM sUtravido viduH // " sarvAMzataH pAyA jAtA hai / akalaGka ke granthoMke sAthahI sAtha dignAgake nyAyapraveza aura dharmakIrtike nyAyabindukA bhI parIkSAmukhapara prabhAva hai| uttarakAlIna vAdidevasUrike pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkAra aura hemacandrako pramANamImAMsApara parIkSAmukha sUtra apanA amiTa prabhAva rakhatA hai / vAdidevasUrine to apane sUtra granthake bahu bhAga meM parIkSAmukhako apanA Adarza rakhA hai| unhoMne pramANanayatattvAlokAlaGkArameM naya, saptabhaMgI aura vAdakA vivecana bar3hAkara usake ATha pariccheda banAe haiM jabaki parIkSAmukhameM mAtra pramANake parikara hI varNana honese 6 pariccheda ho haiM / parIkSAmukhameM prajJAkaraguptake bhAvikAraNavAda aura atItakAraNavAdakI samAlocanA kI gaI hai / prajJAkara guptake vArtikAlaGkakArakA bhikSuvara rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ke aTUTa sAhasa parizramake phalasvarUpa uddhAra huA hai / unakI presakApImeM bhAvikAraNavAda aura bhUtakAraNavAdakA nimnalikhita zabdoM meM samarthana kiyA gayA hai "avidyamAnasya karaNamiti ko'rthaH ? tadanantarabhAvinI tasya sattA, tadetadAnantaryamubhayApekSayA samAnam - yathaiva bhUtApekSayA tathA bhAvyapekSayApi / nacAnantaryameva tattve nibandhanam, vyavahitasya kAraNatvAtgADhasuptasya vijJAnaM prabodhe pUrvavedanAt / jAyate vyavadhAnena kAleneti vinizcitam // tasmAdanvayavyatirekAnuvidhAyitvaM nibandhanam / kAryakAraNabhAvasya tad bhAvinyapi vidyate // bhAvena ca bhAvo bhAvinApi lakSyata eva / matyuprayuktamariSTamiti loke vyavahAraH, yadi mRtyurna bhaviSyanna bhavedevambhUtamariSTamiti / " - pramANavArtikAlaGkAra, pR0 176 / parIkSAmukhake nimnalikhita sUtra meM prajJAkaraguptake ina donoM siddhAntoM kA khaMDana kiyA gayA hai-
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________________ 128 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha "bhAvyatItayoH maraNajAgrabodhayorapi nAriSTodbodhau prati hetutvam / tadvyApArAzritaM hi tadbhAvabhAvitvam |"-priikssaamu0 3 / 62, 63 / chaThe adhyAyake 57veM sUtrameM prabhAkarakI pramANasaMkhyAkA khaMDana kiyA hai| prabhAkara gurukA samaya IsAkI 8 vIM sadIkA prArambhika bhAga hai| mANikyanandikA samaya-prameyaratnamAlAkArake ullekhAnusAra mANikyanandi AcArya akalaMkadevake anantaravartI haiM / maiMne akalaGkagranthatraya aura usake kartA lekhameM akalaMkadevakA samaya I0 720 se 780 taka siddha kiyA hai / akalaGkadevake laghIyastraya aura nyAyavinizcaya Adi tarkagranthoMkA parIkSAmukhapara paryApta prabhAva hai, ataH mANikyanandike samayakI pUrvAvadhi I0 800 nirbAdha mAnI jA sakatI hai / prajJAkaragupta ( I0 725 taka ) prabhAkara ( 8vIM sadIkA pUrvabhAga ) Adike matoMkA khaMDana parIkSAmukhameM hai, isase bhI mANikyanandikI ukta pUrvAvadhikA samarthana hotA hai| A0 prabhAcandrane parIkSAmakhapara prameyakamalamArtaNDanAmaka vyAkhyA likhI hai / prabhAcandrakA samaya I0 kI 11 vIM zatAbdI hai| ataH inakI uttarAvadhi IsAkI 10vIM zatAbdI samajhanA caahie| isa lambI avadhiko saMkucita karanekA koI nizcita pramANa abhI dRSTimeM nahIM aayaa| adhika saMbhava yahI hai ki ye vidyAnandake samakAlIna hoM aura isalie inakA samaya I0 9vIM zatAbdI honA caahie| A0 prabhAcandra A0 prabhAcandra ke samayaviSayaka isa nibandhako vargIkaraNake dhyAnase tIna sthala bhAgoMmeM bA~Ta diyA hai-1 prabhAcandrakI itara AcAryoMse tulanA, 2 samaya vicAra, 3 prabhAcandrake grantha / prabhAcandrakI itara AcAryose tulanA __ isa tulanAtmaka bhAgako pratyeka paramparAke apane kramavikAsako lakSyameM rakhakara nimnalikhita upabhAgoMmeM kramazaH vibhAjita kara diyA hai| 1 vaidika darzana-veda, upaniSada, smRti, purANa, mahAbhArata, vaiyAkaraNa, sAMkhya yoga, vaizeSika nyAya, pUrvamImAMsA, uttaramImAMsA / 2 avaidika darzana-bauddha, jaina-digambara, zvetAmbara / vaidikadarzana veda aura prabhAcandra-A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDameM purAtanaveda Rgvedase "puruSa evedaM yadbhUtaM" "hiraNyagarbhaH samavartatAgne" Adi aneka vAkya uddhRta kiye haiN| kucha anya vedavAkya bhI nyAyakumundacandra ( pR0 726 ) meM uddhRta haiM-"prajApatiH somaM rAjAnamanvasRjat, tatasyatro vedA anvasRjyanta' "rudraM vedaka ram" Adi / nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 770 ) meM "Adau brahmA mukhato brAhmaNaM sasarja, bAhubhyAM kSatriyamurUmyAM vaizyaM padbhyAM zUdram'' yaha vAkya uddhRta hai / yaha Rgvedake 'brAhmaNo'sya mukhamAsId" Adi sUktakI chAyA rUpa hI hai| __upaniSat aura prabhAcandra-A0 prabhAcandrane apane donoM nyAyagranthoMmeM brahmAdvaitavAda tathA anya prakaraNoMmeM anekoM upaniSadoMke vAkya pramANarUpase uddhRta kiye haiN| inameM bRhadAraNyakopaniSad, chAndogyopaniSad, kaThopaniSat, zvetAzvataropaniSat, taittiryapaniSat, brahmabindUpaniSat, rAmatApinyupaniSat, jAbAlopaniSat Adi upaniSat mukhya haiM / inake avataraNa avataraNasUcImeM dekhanA caahiye| smRtikAra aura prabhAcandra-maharSi manukI manusmRti aura jJAyavalkyakI yAjJavalkyasmRti prasiddha haiN| A0 prabhAcandrane kArakasAkalyavAdake pUrvapakSa (prameyaka pR08) meM yAjJavalkyasmRti (222) kA
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________________ 4/ viziSTa nibandha : 122 "likhita sAkSiNo bhuktiH" vAkya kucha zAbdika parivartanake sAtha uddhRta kiyA hai| nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 575 ) meM manusmRtikA "akurvan vihitaM karma" zloka uddhRta hai| nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 634 ) meM manusmRtike "yajJArthaM pazavaH sRSTAH" zlokakA "na hiMsyAt sarvA bhUtAni" isa kUrmapurANake vAkyase virodha dikhAyA gayA hai| purANa aura prabhAcandra-prabhAcandrake prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandrameM matsyapurANakA "pratimanvatarazcaiva zrutiranyA vidhIyate / " yaha zlokAMza uddhRta milatA hai| nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 634 ) meM kUrmapurANa ( a0 16 ) kA 'na hiMsyAt sarvA bhUtAni" vAkya pramANarUpase uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| vyAma aura prabhAcandra-mahAbhArata tathA gItAke praNetA maharSi vyAsa mAne jAte haiN| prameyakamalamArtaNDa ( pR0 580 ) meM mahAbhArata vanaparva ( a0 30 / 28) se 'ajJo janturanIzo'yamAtmanaH sukhaduHkhayoH ....'' zloka uddhRta kiyA hai / prameyakamalamArtaNDa (pR0 368 tathA 309 ) meM bhagavadgItAke nimnalikhita zloka 'vyAsavacana' ke nAmase uddhRta haiM-'yathaidhAMsi samiddho'gni ..." [ gItA 4 / 37] "dvAvimau puruSau loke, uttamapuruSastvanyaH..." (gItA 15 / 16, 17) isI taraha nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 358 ) meM gItA ( 2 / 16 ) kA "nAbhAvo vidyate sataH" aMza pramANarUpase uddhata kiyA gayA hai / pataJjali aura prabhAcandrapANinisUtrake Upara mahAbhASya likhanevAle RSi pataJjalikA samaya itihAsakAroMne IsavI sanase pahile mAnA hai| A0 prabhAcandrane jainendravyAkaraNake sAtha hI pANinivyAkaraNa aura usake mahAbhASyakA gambhIra parizIlana aura adhyayana kiyA thaa| ve zabdAmbhojabhAskarake prArambhameM svayaM hI likhate haiM ki 'zabdAnAmanuzAsanAni nikhilAnyAdhyAyatA'hanizam" A0 prabhAcandra kA pAtaJjalamahAbhASyakA talasparzI adhyayana unake zabdAmbhojabhAskarameM pada padapara anubhUta hotA hai| nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 275 ) meM vaiyAkaraNoMke matase guNa zabdakA artha batAte huye pAta jalamahAbhASya ( 5 / 1 / 119 ) se "yasya hi guNasya bhAvAt zabde dravyavinivezaH" ityAdi vAkya uddhRta kiyA gayA hai / zabdoMke sAdhutvAsAdhutva-vicArameM vyAkaraNakI upayogitAkA samarthana bhI mahAbhASyakI hI zailImeM kiyA hai| bhatahAra aura prabhAcandra--IsAkI 7vIM zatAbdImeM bhartRhari nAmake prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa hue haiN| inakA vAkyapadIya grantha prasiddha hai| ye zabdAdvaitadarzanake pratiSThAtA mAne jAte haiN| A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra meM zabdAdvaitavAdake pUrvapakSako vAkyapadIyakI aneka kArikAoMko uddhRta karake hI paripuSTa kiyA hai / zabdoMke sAdhutva-asAdhutva vicArameM pUrvapakSakA khulAsA karane ke lie vAkyapadIyakI saraNIkA paryApta sahArA liyA hai| vAkyapadIyake dvitIyakANDameM Ae hae "AkhyAtazabdaH" Adi dazavidha yA aSTavidha vAkyalakSaNoMkA savistAra khaNDana kiyA hai| isI taraha prabhAcandra kI kRti jainendranyAsake aneka prakaraNoMmeM vAkyapadIyake aneka zloka uddhRta milate haiM / zabdAdvaitavAdake pUrvapakSameM vaikharI Adi caturvidhavANIke svarUpakA nirUpaNa karate samaya prabhAcandrane jo "sthAneSu vivRte vAyau' Adi tIna zloka uddhRta kiye haiM ve mudrita vAkyapadIyameM nahIM haiM / TIkAmeM uddhRta hai| vyAsabhASyakAra aura prabhAcandra--yogasUtrapara vyAsa RSikA vyAsabhASya prasiddha hai| inakA samaya IsAkI paJcama zatAbdI taka samajhA jAtA hai / A0 prabhAcandra ne nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 109) meM yogadarzanake AdhArase IzvaravAdakA pUrvapakSa karate samaya yogasUtroMke aneka uddharaNa die hai| isake vivecanameM vyAsa 4-17
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________________ 130 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha bhASyakI paryApta sahAyatA lI gaI hai| aNimAdi aSTavidha aizvaryakA varNana yogabhASyase milatA julatA hai / nyAyakumudacandra meM yogabhASyase "caitanyaM puruSasya svarUpam" "cicchaktirapariNAminya pratisaGkramA" Adi vAkya uddhRta kiye gaye haiM / IzvarakRSNa aura prabhAcandra -- IzvarakRSNakI sAMkhyasaptati yA sAMkhyakArikA prasiddha hai / inakA samaya sAkI dUsarI zatAbdI samajhA jAtA hai| sAMkhyadarzanake mUlasiddhAntoMkA sAMkhyakArikAmeM saMkSipta aura spaSTa vivecana hai| A0 prabhAcandrane sAMkhyadarzana ke pUrvapakSa meM sarvatra sAMkhyakArikAoMkA hI vizeSa upayoga kiyA hai| nyAyakumudacandrameM sAMkhyoMke kucha vAkya aise bhI uddhRta haiM jo upalabdha sAMkhyagranthoM meM nahIM pAye jAte / yathA"budyadhyavasitamarthaM puruSazcetayate" "Asarga-pralayAdekA buddhiH" "pratiniyatadezA vRttirabhivyajyeta" "prakRtipariNAmaH zuklaM kRSNaJca karma" Adi / isase jJAta hotA hai ki IzvarakRSNakI kArikAoMke sivAya koI anya prAcIna sAMkhya grantha prabhAcandrake sAmane thA jisase ye vAkya uddhRta kiye gae haiM / mATharAcArya aura prabhAcandra - sAMkhyakArikAkI purAtana TIkA mATharAvRtti hai| isake racayitA mATharAcArya IsAkI cauthI zatAbdI ke vidvAn samajhe jAte haiM / prabhAcandrane sAMkhyadarzana ke pUrvapakSa meM sAMkhyakArikAoMke sAtha hI sAtha mATharavRttiko bhI uddhRta kiyA hai / jahA~ kahIM sAMkhyakArikAoMkI vyAkhyAkA prasaMga AyA hai, mATharavRttike ho AdhArase vyAkhyA kI gaI hai / prazastapAda aura prabhAcandra - kaNAdasUtrapara prazastapAda AcAryakA prazastapAdabhASya upalabdha hai / inakA samaya IsAkI pA~cavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| A0 prabhAcandrane prazastapAdabhASyakI "evaM dharmevinA dharmiNAmeva nirdezaH kRtaH" isa paMktiko prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pR0 531 ) meM 'padArtha pravezakagrantha' ke nAma uddhRta kiyA hai / nyAyakumudacandra tathA prameyakamalamArttaNDa donoMko SaTpadArthaparIkSAkA yAvat pUrvapakSa prazastapAdabhASya aura usakI purAtanaTIkA vyomavatIse hI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai / prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pR0 270 ) ke IzvaravAdake pUrvapakSa meM 'prazastamatinA ca' likhakara "sargAdau puruSANAM vyavahAro" ityAdi anumAna uddhRta haiM / yaha anumAna prazastapAdabhASyameM nahIM hai / tattvasaMgrahakI paMjikA ( pR0 43 ) meM bhI yaha anumAna prazastamati nAmase uddhRta hai / ye prazastamati, prazastapAdabhASyakArase bhinna mAlUma hote haiM, para inakA koI grantha adyAvadhi upalabdha nahIM hai / vyomaziva aura prabhAcandra - prazastapAdabhASya ke purAtana TIkAkAra A0 vyomazivakI vyomavatI TIkA upalabdha hai / A0 prabhAcandrane apane donoM granthoMmeM, na kevala vaizeSikamatake pUrvapakSa meM hI vyomavatIko apanAyA hai kintu aneka matoMke khaMDana meM bhI isakA paryApta anusaraNa kiyA hai| yaha TIkA unake viziSTa adhyayanakI vastu thii| isa TIkAke tulanAtmaka aMzoMko nyAyakumudacandrakI TippaNImeM dekhanA cAhie / A0 vyomazivake samaya ke viSayameM vidvAnoMkA matabheda calA A rahA hai / DaoN0 kItha inheM navamazatAbdIkA kahate haiN| to DaoN0 dAsaguptA inheM chaThavIM zatAbdIkA / maiM inake samayakA kucha vistArase vicAra karatA hU~ -- rAjazekharane prazastapAdabhASyakI 'kandalI' TIkAkI 'paMjikA' meM prazastapAdabhASyakI cAra TIkAoMkA isa kramase nirdeza kiyA hai-- sarvaprathama 'vyomavatI' ( vyoma zivAcArya ), tatpazcAt 'nyAyakandalI' ( zrIdhara ), tadanantara 'kiraNAvalI' ( udayana ) aura usake bAda 'lIlAvatI' ( zrIvatsAcArya ) / aitihyaparyAlocanAse bhI rAjazekharakA yaha nirdezakrama saMgata jAna par3atA hai / yahA~ hama vyomavatIke racayitA vyomazivAcArya ke viSaya meM kucha vicAra prastuta karate haiM / vyomazivAcArya zaiva the / apanI guru-paramparA tathA vyaktitvake viSayameM svayaM unhoMne kucha bhI nahIM
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________________ 4/ viziSTa nibandha : 131 likhA / para raNipadrapura rAnoda, vartamAna nAroda grAmakI eka vApI prazasti se inakI guruparamparA tathA vyaktitva-viSayaka bahuta-sI bAteM mAlUma hotI haiM, jinakA kucha sAra isa prakAra hai "kadambaguhAdhivAsI munIndrake zaMkhamaThikAdhipati nAmaka ziSya the, unake terambipAla, terambipAlake AmardakatIrthanAtha aura AmardakatIrthanAthake purandaraguru nAmake atizaya pratibhAzAlI tArkika ziSya hue| purandaragurune koI grantha avazya likhA hai; kyoMki usI prazasti-zilAlekhameM atyanta spaSTatAse yaha ullekha hai ki-'inake vacanoMkA khaNDana Aja bhI bar3e-bar3e naiyAyika nahIM kara sakate / "2 syAdvAdaratnAkara Adi graMthoMmeM purandarake nAmase kucha vAkya uddhRta milate haiM, sambhava hai ve purandara ye hI hoM / ina purandaraguruko avantivarmA upendrapurase apane dezako le gayA / avantivarmAne inheM apanA rAjyabhAra sauMpakara zavadIkSA dhAraNa kI aura isa taraha apanA janma saphala kiyaa| purandaragurune mattamayUra meM eka bar3A maTha sthApita kiyA / dUsarA maTha raNipadrapurameM bhI inhoMne sthApita kiyA thaa| purandaragurukA kavacaziva aura kavacazivakA sadAziva nAmaka ya huA, jo ki raNipadrapurake tApasAzramameM tapaHsAdhana karatA thaa| sadAzivakA ziSya hRdayeza aura hRdayazakA ziSya vyomaziva haA, jo ki acchA prabhAvazAlI, utkaTa pratibhAsampanna aura samartha vidvAn thaa|" vyomazivAcArya ke prabhAvazAlI honekA sabase bar3A pramANa yaha hai ki inake nAmase hI vyomamantra pracalita hue the| ye sadanuSThAnaparAyaNa, mRdu-mitabhASI, vinaya-naya-saMyamake adbhuta sthAna tathA apratima pratApazAlI the / inhoMne raNipadrapurakA tathA raNipadramaThakA uddhAra evaM sudhAra kiyA thA aura vahIM eka zivamandira tathA vApIkA bhI nirmANa karAyA thaa| isI vApIpara ukta prazasti khudI hai|| inakI vidvattAke viSayameM zilAlekhake ye zloka paryApta haiM "siddhAnteSa maheza eSa niyato nyAye'kSapAdo muniH| gambhIre ca kaNAzinastu kaNabhukzAstre zruto jaiminiH / / sAMkhye'nalpamatiH svayaM sa kapilo lokAyate sadguruH / buddho buddhamate jinoktiSu jinaH ko vAtha nAyaM kRtI / / yadbhUtaM yadanAgataM yadadhunA kicitkvacidvadhaM (ta) te / samyagdarzanasampadA tadakhilaM pazyan prameyaM mahat / / sarvajJaH sphuTameSa kopi bhagavAnanyaH kSitau saM (zaM) karaH / dhatte kintu na zAntadhIviSamadRgraudraM vapuH kevalam // " ina zlokoMmeM batalAyA hai ki 'vyomazivAcArya zaivasiddhAntameM svayaM ziva, nyAyameM akSapAda, vaizeSika zAstrameM kaNAda, mImAMsAmeM jaimini, sAMkhyameM kapila, cArvAkazAstrameM bRhaspati, buddhamatameM buddha tathA jinamatameM svayaM jinadevake samAna the| adhika kyA; atItAnAgatavartamAnavartI yAvat prameyoMko apanI samyagdarzanasampattise spaSTa dekhane jAnanevAle sarvajJa the| aura aisA mAlama hotA thA ki mAtra viSamanetra (tRtIyanetra ) tathA raudrazarIrako dhAraNa kie binA ve pRthvIpara dUsare zaMkara bhagavAn hI avatare the / inake gaganeza, vyomazambhu, vyomeza, gaganazazimauli Adi bhI nAma the| zilAlekhake AdhArase samaya-vyomazivake pUrvavartI caturthaguru purandarako avantivarmA rAjA apane 1. prAcIna lekhamAlA, dvi0 bhAga, zilAlekha naM0 108 / 2. "yasyAdhunApi vibudhairatikRtyazaMsi vyAhanyate na vacanaM nayamArgavidbhiH // " 3. "asya vyomapadAdimantraracanAkhyA tAbhidhAnasya ca / " vApIprazastiH /
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________________ 132 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha nagarameM le gayA thA / avantivarmAke cA~dIke sikkoMpara "vijitAvaniravanipatiH zrI avantivarmA divaM jayati" likhA rahatA hai tathA saMvat 250 par3hA gayA hai|' yaha saMvat saMbhavataH gupta-savara hai| DaoN0 phlITke matAnusAra gupta saMvat I0 san 320 kI 26 pharavarIko prArambha hotA hai / ataH 570 I0 meM avantivarmAkA apanI mudrAko pracalita karanA itihAsasiddha hai| isa samaya avantivarmA rAjya kara rahe hoNge| tathA 570 I0 ke AmapAsa hI ve purandaraguruko apane rAjyameM lAe hoNge| ye avantivarmA mokharIvazIya rAjA the / zaiva honeke kAraNa zivopAsaka purandaraguruko apane yahA~ lAnA bhI inakA ThIka hI thaa| inake samayake sambandhame dUsarA pramANa yaha hai ki--vaisavaMzIya rAjA harSavarddhanakI choTI bahina rAjyazrI, avantivarmAke putra grahavarmAko vivAhI gaI thii| harSakA janma I0 590 meM huA thaa| rAjyazrI usase 1 yA 2 varSa choTI thii| grahavarmA harSase 5-6 varSa bar3A jarUra hogaa| ataH usakA janma 584 I0 ke karIba mAnanA cAhie / isakA rAjyakAla I0 600 se 606 taka rahA hai| avantivarmAkA yaha ikalautA lar3akA thaa| ataH mAlama hotA hai ki I0 584 meM arthAt avantivarmAkI DhalatI avasthAmeM yaha paidA huA hogA / astu; yahA~ to itanA hI prayojana hai ki 570 I0 ke AsapAsa hI avantivarmA purandarako apane yahA~ le gae the| yadyapi saMnyAsiyoMmeM ziSya-paramparAke lie pratyeka poDhIkA samaya 25 varSa mAnanA Avazyaka nahIM hai; kyoMki kabhI-kabhI 20 varSa meM hI ziSya-praziSyoMkI paramparA cala jAtI hai| phira bhI yadi pratyeka pIDhIkA samaya 25 varSa hI mAna liyA jAya to purandarase tIna pIDhIke bAda hue vyomazivakA samaya san 670 ke AsapAsa siddha hotA hai| dArzanika granthoMke AdhArase samaya-vyomaziva svayaM hI apanI vyomavatI TIkA (pR0 392) meM zrIharSakA eka mahattvapUrNa DhaMgase ullekha karate haiM / yathA "ata eva madIyaM zarIramityAdipratyayeSvAtmAnurAgasadbhAve'pi Atmano'vacchedakatvam / zraharSa devakulamiti jJAne zrIharSasyeva ubhayatrApi bAdhakasadbhAvAt, yatra hyanurAgasadbhAve'pi vizeSaNatve bAdhakamasti tatrAvacchedakatvameva kalpyate iti / asti ca zrIharSasya vidyamAnatvama / Atmani kartutvakaraNatvayorasambhava iti bAdhakam / " ___yadyapi isa sandarbhakA pATha kucha chUTA huA mAlUma hotA hai phira bhI 'asti ca zrIharSasya vidyamAnatvam' yaha vAkya khAsa taurase dhyAna dene yogya hai| isase sApha mAlama hotA hai ki zrIharSa ( 606-647 A. D. rAjya ) vyomazivake samayameM vidyamAna the / yadyapi yahAM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki vyomaziva zrIharSa ke bahuta bAda hokara bhI aisA ullekha kara sakate haiN| parantu jaba zilAlekhase unakA samaya I0 san 670 ke AsapAsa hai tathA zrIharSakI vidyamAnatAkA ve isa taraha jora dekara ullekha karate haiM taba ukta kalpanAko sthAna hI nahIM miltaa| vyomavatIkA antaHparIkSaNa-vyomavatI ( pR0 306,307,680 ) meM dharmakIrtike pramANavArtika ( 2-11,12 tathA 1-68,72 ) se kArikAe~ uddhata kI gaI haiN| isI taraha vyomavatI ( pR0 617 ) meM dharmakItike hetubindu prathamaparicchedake "DiNDikarAgaM parityajya akSiNo nimIlya" isa vAkyakA prayoga pAyA jAtA hai| isake atirikta pramANavAttikakI aura bhI bahata-sI kArikAe~ uddhRta dekhI jAtI haiN| 1. dekho, bhAratake prAcIna rAjavaMza, dvi0 bhAga, pR0 375 / 2. dekho, bhAratake prAcIna rAjavaMza, dvitIya bhAga, pR0 229 /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 133 vyomavatI ( pR0 591, 592 ) meM kumArila ke mImAMsA - zlokavArtikakI aneka kArikAe~ uddhRta haiM / vyomavatI ( pR0 129 ) meM udyotakarakA nAma liyA hai, bhartRharike zabdAdvaitadarzanakA ( pR0 20 ca ) khaNDana kiyA hai aura prabhAkarake smRtipramoSavAdakA bho ( pR0 540 ) khaMDana kiyA gayA hai / inameM bhartRhari, dharmakIrti kumArila tathA prabhAkara ye saba prAyaH samasAmayika aura IsAkI sAtavIM zatAbdI ke vidvAn haiM | udyotakara chaThI zatAbdI ke vidvAn haiM / ataH vyomaziva ke dvArA ina samasAmayika evaM kicitpUrvavartI vidvAnoM kA ullekha tathA samAlocanakA honA saMgata hI hai / vyomavatI ( pR0 15 ) meM bANakI kAdambarIkA ullekha hai / bANa harSakI sabhAke vidvAn the, ataH isakA ullekha bhI honA ThIka hI hai / vyomavatI TIkAkA ullekha karanevAle paravartI granthakAroMmeM zAntarakSita, vidyAnanda, jayanta, vAcaspati, siddharSi, zrIdhara, udayana, prabhAcandra vAdirAja, vAdidevasUri, hemacandra tathA guNaratna, vizeSarUpase ullekhanIya haiM / zAntarakSitane vaizeSika sammata SaTpadArthoMkI parIkSA kI hai / usameM ve prazastapAda ke sAtha hI sAtha zaMkarasvAmI nAmaka naiyAyikakA mata bhI pUrvapakSarUpase upasthita karate haiM / parantu jaba hama dhyAnase dekhate haiM to unake pUrvapakSa meM prazastapAdavyomavatIke zabda spaSTatayA apanI chApa mArate hue najara Ate haiM / ( tulanAtattvasaMgraha, pR0 206 tathA vyomavatI, pR0 343 / ) tattvasaMgrahakI paMjikA ( pR0 206 ) meM vyomavatI ( ( pR0 129 ) ke svakAraNasamavAya tathA sattAsamavAyarUpa utpatti ke lakSaNakA ullekha hai / zAntarakSita tathA unake ziSya kamalazIlakA samaya I0 kI AThavIM zatAbdikA pUrvArddha hai / ( dekho, tattvasaMgrahakI bhUmikA, pR0 xcvi ) vidyAnanda AcAryane apanI AptaparokSA ( pR0 26 ) meM vyomavatI TIkA ( pR0 107 ) se samavAyake lakSaNakI samasta padakRtya uddhRta kI hai / 'dravyatvopalakSita samavAya dravyakA lakSaNa hai' vyomavatI ( pR0 149 ) ke isa mantavyakI samAlocanA bhI AptaparIkSA ( pR0 6 ) meM kI gaI hai / vidyAnanda IsAkI navamazatAbdI pUrvArddhavartI haiM / jayantakI nyAyamaMjarI ( pR0 23 ) meM vyomavatI ( pR0 621 ) ke anarthajatvAt smRtiko apramANa mAnane ke siddhAntakA samarthana kiyA hai, sAtha hI pR0 65 para vyomavatI ( pR0 556 ) ke phalavizeSaNapakSako svIkAra kara kArakasAmagrIko pramANamAnane ke siddhAntakA anusaraNa kiyA hai kI 9vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvabhAga siddha kareMge / vAcaspati mizra apanI tAtparyaTIkA meM ( pR0 108 ) pratyakSalakSaNasUtra meM 'yataH ' padakA adhyAhAra karate haiM tathA ( pR0 102 ) liMgaparAmarza jJAnako upAdAnabuddhi kahate haiM / vyomavatITIkAme ( pR0 556 ) 'yataH' padakA prayoga pratyakSalakSaNameM kiyA hai tathA ( pR0 561 ) liMgaparAmarzajJAnako upAdAnabuddhi bhI kahA hai / vAcaspati mizrakA samaya 841 A. D. hai / jayantakA samaya hama Age IsA * nyAya prabhAcandra AcAryane mokSa nirUpaNa ( prameyakamalamArtaNDa, pR0 307 ) AtmasvarUpanirUpaNa kumudacandra, pR0 349, prameyakamalamA0, pR0 110 ) samavAyalakSaNa ( nyAyakumu0, pR0 295, prameyakamalamA0, pR0 604 ) Adi vyomavatI ( pR0 20, 393, 107 ) kA paryApta sahArA liyA hai / svasaMvedana siddhi meM vyomavatIke jJAnAntaravedyajJAnavAdakA khaNDana bhI kiyA hai / zrIdhara tathA udayanAcAryaMne apanI kandalI ( pR0 4 ) tathA kiraNAvalImeM vyomavatI ( pR0 20 ka )
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________________ 134 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha ' ke "navAnAmAtma vizeSaguNAnAM santAno'tyantamucchidyate santAnatvAt yathA pradIpasantAnaH / " isa anumAnako 'tArkikAH' tathA 'AcAryAH' zabdake sAtha uddhRta kiyA haiM / kandalI ( pR0 20 ) meM vyomavatI ( pR0 149 ) ke 'dravyatvopalakSitaH samavAyaH dravyatvena yoga:' isa matakI AlocanA kI gii| / isI taraha kandalI ( pR0 18 ) meM vyomavatI ( pR0 129 ) ke 'anityatvaM tu prAgabhAva pradhvaMsAbhAvopalakSitA vastusattA isa anityatvake lakSaNakA khaNDana kiyA hai / kandalI ( pR0 200 ) meM vyomavatI ( pR0 593 ) ke 'anumAna - lakSaNameM vidyA ke sAmAnyalakSaNakI anuvRtti karake saMzayAdikA vyavaccheda karanA' tathA smaraNa ke vyavacchedake liye 'dravyAdiSu utpadyate' isa padakA anuvarttana karanA' ina do matoMkA samAlocana kiyA hai / kandalIkAra zrIdharakA samaya kandalIke antameM die gae " tryadhikadazottaranavazatazakAbde" padake anusAra 913 zaka arthAt 991 I0 hai / aura udayanAcArya kA samaya 984 I0 hai / vAdirAja apane nyAyavinizcaya-vivaraNa ( likhita pR0 111 B tathA 111 A ) meM vyomavatIse pUrvapakSa karate haiM / vAdidevasUri apane syAdvAdaratnAkara ( pR0 318 tathA 498 ) meM pUrvapakSarUpase vyomavatIkA uddharaNa dete haiM / siddhaSi nyAyAvatAravRtti ( pR0 9) meM, hemacandra pramANamImAMsA ( pR0 7 ) meM tathA guNaratna apanI SaDdarzanasamuccayakI vRtti ( pR0 114 A ) meM vyomavatI ke pratyakSa, anumAna tathA Agama rUpa pramANatritvakI - vaizeSikaparamparAkA pUrvapakSa karate haiM / isa taraha vyomavatIkI saMkSipta tulanAse jJAta ho sakatA hai ki vyomavatIkA jaina granthoMse viziSTa sambandha hai / isa prakAra hama vyomazivakA samaya zilAlekha tathA unake granthake ullekhoMke AdhArase IsvI sAtavIM zatAbdIkA uttara bhAga anumAna karate haiM / yadi ye AThavIM yA navamI zatAbdIke vidvAn hote to apane samasAmayika zaMkarAcArya aura zAntarakSita jaise vidvAnoMkA ullekha avazya karate / hama dekhate haiM ki - vyomaziva zAMkaravedAntakA ullekha bhI nahIM karate tathA viparyaya jJAnake viSaya meM alaukikArthakhyAti, smRtipramoSa AdikA khaNDana karanepara bhI zaMkarake anirvacanIyArthakhyAtivAdakA nAma bhI nahIM lete / vyomaziva jaise bahuzruta evaM saikar3oM matamatAntaroMkA ullekha karanevAle AcArya ke dvArA kisI bhI aSTamazatAbdI yA navama zatAbdIvarttI AcArya matakA ullekha na kiyA jAnA hI unake saptamazatAbdIvartI hone kA pramANa hai / ataH DaoN0 kIthakA inheM navamI zatAbdIkA vidvAn likhanA tathA DaoN0 esa0 ena0 dAsaguptAkA inheM chaThI zatAbdIkA vidvAn batalAnA ThIka nahIM ja~catA / zrIdhara aura prabhAcandra - prazastapAda bhASyakI TIkAoMmeM nyAyakandalI TIkAkA bhI apanA acchA sthAna hai / isakI racanA zrIdharane zaka 913 ( I0 991 ) meM kI thI / zrIdharAcArya apane pUrva TIkAkAra vyomazivakA zabdAnusaraNa karate hue bhI unase matabheda pradarzita karane meM nahIM cUkate / vyomaziva buddhayAdi vizeSa guNoMkI santatike atyantocchedako mokSa kahate haiM aura usakI siddhi ke lie 'santAnatvAt' hetukA prayoga karate haiM ( praza0 vyo0, pR0 20 ka ) / zrIdhara Atyantika ahitanivRttiko mokSa mAnakara bhI usakI siddhi ke lie prayukta honevAle 'santAnatvAt' hetuko pArthivaparamANukI rUpAdisantAnase vyabhicArI batAte haiN| ( kandalI, pR0 4 ) | A0 prabhAcandrane bhI vaizeSikoM ko muktikA khaNDana karate samaya nyAyakumuda0 ( pR 826 ) aura prameyakamala0 ( pR0 318 ) meM 'santAnatvAt' hetuko pAkajaparamANuoMkI rUpAdisantAnase vyabhicArI batAyA hai / isI taraha aura bhI ekAdhikasthaloMmeM hama kandalIkI AbhA prabhAcandrake granthoMpara dekhate haiM / vAtsAyana aura prabhAcandra - nyAyasUtra ke Upara vAtsAyanakRta nyAyabhASya upalabdha hai / inakA samaya
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 135 IsAkI tIsarI-cauthI zatAbdI samajhA jAtA hai / A0 prabhAvandra ne prameyakamalamArttaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandrameM inake nyAyabhASyakA kahIM nyAyabhASya aura kahIM bhASya zabdase ullekha kiyA / vAtsAyanakA nAma na lekara sarvatra nyAyabhASyakAra aura bhASyakAra zabdoMse hI inakA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| udyotakara aura prabhAcandra - nyAyasUtrake Upara nyAyavArtika granthake racayitA A0 udyotakara I0 6vIM sadI, antataH sAtavIM sadI ke pUrvapAdake vidvAn haiM / inhoMne diGnAgake pramANasamuccaya ke khaNDanake lie nyAya vArtika banAyA thA / inake nyAyavArtikakA khaNDana dha maMkIrti ( I0 635 ke bAda ) ne apane pramANavArtika meM kiyA hai / ma0 prabhAcandra prameyakamala mArttaNDa ke sRSTikartRtva prakaraNa ke pUrvapakSa meM ( pR0 268 ) udyotakarake anumAnoMko 'vArtikakAreNApi zabdake sAtha uddhRta kiyA hai / prameyakamalamArttaNDa meM ekAdhikasthAnoMmeM 'udyotakara' kA nAmollekha karake nyAyavArtika se pUrvapakSa kie gae haiN| nyAyakumucandra ke SoDazapadArthavAdakA pUrvapakSa bhI udyotakarake nyAyavArtika se paryApta puSTi pAyA hai / "pUrvavaccheSavat" Adi anumAnasUtrakI vArtikakArakRta vividha vyAkhyAe~ bhI prameyakamalamArttaNDa meM khaMDita huI haiM / vArtikakArakRta sAdhakatamatvakA "bhAvAbhAvayostadvattA" yaha lakSaNa prameyakamalamArttaNDa meM pramANarUpase uddhRta hai / bhaTTa jayanta aura prabhAcandra - bhaTTa jayanta jarannaiyAyikake nAmase prasiddha the / inhoMne nyAyasUtroMke AdhArase nyAyakalikA aura nyAyamaJjarI grantha likhe haiM / nyAyamaJjarI to katipaya nyAyasUtroMkI vizada vyAkhyA hai / aba hama bhaTTa jayantake samayakA vicAra karate haiM jayantakI nyAyamaJjarIkA prathama saMskaraNa vijayanagara sIrIja meM san 1895 meM prakAzita huA hai / isake saMpAdaka ma0 ma0 gaMgAdhara zAstrI mAnavallI haiM / unhoMne bhUmikA meM likhA hai ki- " jayantabhaTTakA gaMgezopAdhyAyane upamAna - cintAmaNi ( pR0 61 ) meM jarannaiyA thika zabdase ullekha kiyA hai, tathA jayantabhaTTane nyAyamaMjarI ( pR0 312 ) meM vAcaspati mizrakI tAtparya - TIkAse " jAtaM ca sambaddhaM cetyekaH kAlaH " yaha vAkya ' AcAryai: ' karake uddhRta kiyA hai| ataH jayantakA samaya vAcaspati ( 841 A D ) se uttara tathA gaMgeza ( 1175 A. D. ) se pUrva honA cAhiye / inhIMkA anusaraNa karake nyAyamaJjarIke dvitIya saMskaraNake sampAdaka paM0 sUryanArAyaNajI zuklane, tathA 'saMskRtasAhityakA saMkSipta itihAsa' ke lekhakoMne bhI jayantako vAcaspatikA paravartI likhA hai / sva0 DaoN0 zatIzacandra vidyAbhUSaNa bhI ukta vAkyake AdhArapara inakA samaya 9vIMse 11vIM zatAbdI taka mAnate the / ataH jayantako vAcaspatikA uttarakAlIna mAnanekI paramparAkA AdhAra ma0 ma0 gaMgAdhara zAstrI dvArA "jAtaM ca sambaddhaM cetyekaH kAlaH " isa vAkyako vAcaspati mizrakA likha denA hI mAlUma hotA hai / vAcaspati mizra ne apanA samaya 'nyAyasUcI nibandha' ke anta meM svayaM diyA hai / yathA--- "nyAyasUtrInibandho'yamakAri sudhiyAM mude / zrIvAcaspati mizreNa vasvaM kavasuvatsare // " isa zloka meM 898 vatsara likhA hai / ma0 ma0 vindhyezvarIprasAdajIne 'vatsara' zabdase zakasaMvat liyA hai / 2 DaoN0 zatIzacandra vidyAbhUSaNa vikrama saMvat lete haiM / ma0 ma0 gopInAtha kavirAja likhate haiM ki 'tAtparyaTIkAkI parizuddhiTIkA banAnevAle 1. hisTrI oNpha di iNDiyana laoNjika, pR0 146 / 2. nyAyavArtika - bhUmikA, pR0 145 / 3. hisTrI oNpha di iNDiyana laoNjika, pR0 133 / 4. hisTrI eMDa biblogrAphI oNpha nyAyavaizeSika liTarecara, Vol. III, pR0 101 /
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________________ 136 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha AcArya udayanane apanI 'lakSaNAvalI' zaka saM0 906 (984 A. D. ) meM samApta kI hai / yadi vAcaspatikA samaya zaka saM0 898 mAnA jAtA hai to itanI jaldI usapara parizuddhi jaisI TIkAkA bana jAnA saMbhava mAlUma nahIM hotaa| ataH vAcaspatimizrakA samaya vikrama saMvat 898 (841 A. D.) prAyaH sarvasammata hai / vAcaspatimizrane vaizeSikadarzanako chor3akara prAyaH sabhI darzanoMpara TIkAe~ likhIM haiM / sarvaprathama inhoMne maMDanamizrake vidhivivekapara 'nyAyakaNikA' nAmakI TIkA likhI hai, kyoMki inake dUsare granthoM meM prAyaH isakA nirdeza hai / usake bAda maMDanamizrakI brahmasiddhikI vyAkhyA 'brahmatattvasamIkSA' tathA 'tattvabindu'; ina donoM granthoMkA nirdeza tAtparyaTIkAmeM milatA hai, ataH unake bAda 'tAtparya-TIkA' likhI gii| tAtparya TIkAke sAtha hI 'nyAyasUcI-nibandha' likhA hogA; kyoMki nyAyasUtroMkA nirNaya tAtparya-TIkAmeM atyanta apekSita hai / 'sAMkhyatattvakaumudI' meM tAtparyaTIkA uddhata hai, ataH tAtparyaTIkAke bAda 'sAMkhyatattvakaumadI'kI racanA hii| yogabhASyakI tattvavaizAradI TIkAmeM 'sAMkhyatattvakaumudI' kA nirdeza hai, ataH nirdiSTa kaumadIke bAda 'tattvavaizAradI' racI gii| aura ina sabhI granthoMkA 'bhAmatI' TIkAmeM nirdeza honese 'bhAmatI' TIkA sabake antameM likhI gaI hai| jayanta vAcaspati mizrake samakAlIna vRddha haiM-vAcaspatimizra apanI AdyakRti 'nyAyakaNikA' ke maGgalAcaraNameM nyAyamaJjarIkArako bar3e mahattvapUrNa zabdoMmeM gururUpase smaraNa karate haiM / yathA ___ "ajJAnatimirazamanI paradamanI nyAyamaJjarIM rucirAm / prasavitre prabhavitre vidyAtarave namo gurave / / " arthAt-jinane ajJAnatimirakA nAza karanevAlI, prativAdiyoMkA damana karanevAlI, rucira nyAyamaMjarIko janma diyA una samartha vidyAtaru guruko namaskAra ho / - isa zlokameM smRta 'nyAmaJjarI' bhaTTa jayantakRta nyAyamajarI jaisI prasiddha 'nyAyamaJjarI' hI honI cAhiye / abhI taka koI dUsarI nyAyamaJjarI to sunanemeM bhI nahIM aaii| jaba vAcaspati jayantako gururUpase smaraNa karate haiM taba jayanta vAcaspatike uttarakAlIna kaise ho sakate haiN| yadyapi vAcaspatine tAtparya TIkAmeM 'trilocanagurUnnIta' ityAdi pada dekara apane gururUpase 'trilocana' kA ullekha kiyA hai, phira bhI jayantako unake guru athavA gurusama hone meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai; kyoMki eka vyaktike aneka guru bhI ho sakate haiN| abhI taka 'jAtaJca sambaddhaM cetyekaH kAlaH' isa vacanake AdhArapara hI jayantako vAcaspatikA uttarakAlIna mAnA jAtA hai| para, yaha vacana vAcaspatikI tAtparya-TIkAkA nahIM hai, kintu nyAyavArtikakAra zrI udyotakarakA hai (nyAyavArtika, 10 236 ), jisa nyAyavArtikapara vAcaspatikI tAtparyaTIkA hai / inakA samaya dharmakIrtise pUrva honA nirvivAda hai| ma. ma. gopInAtha kavirAja apanI 'hisTrI eNDa biblogrAphI oNpha nyAya vaizeSika liTarecara' meM likhate haiM ki-"vAcaspati aura jayanta samakAlIna hone cAhie, kyoMki jayantake granthoMpara vAcaspatikA koI asara dekhane meM nahIM aataa|" 'jAtaJca' ityAdi vAkyake viSayameM bhI unhoMne sandeha prakaTa karate hue likhA hai ki-"yaha vAkya kisI pUrvAcAryakA honA caahiye|" vAcaspatike pahale bhI zaMkarasvAmI Adi naiyAyika hue haiM, jinakA ullekha tattvasaMgraha Adi granthoMmeM pAyA jAtA hai| ma0 ma0 gaGgAdhara zAstrIne jayantako vAcaspatikA uttarakAlIna mAnakara nyAyamaJjarI (pR0 120) 1. sarasvatI bhavana sIrIja, III paartt|
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 137 meM 'uddhRta 'yatnenAnumito'pyartha:' isa payako TippaNI meM 'bhAmatI' TIkAkA likha diyA hai| para vastutaH yaha vAkyapadIya (1-34 ) kA hai aura nyAyamaJjarokI taraha bhAmato TIkAmeM bhI uddhRta ho hai, mUlakA nahIM hai / nyAyasUtrake pratyakSa-lakSaNasUtra ( 1-1-4 ) kI vyAkhyA meM vAcaspati mizra likhate haiM ki- 'vyavasAyAtmaka' padase savikalpaka pratyakSakA grahaNa karanA cAhiye tathA 'avyapadezya' padase nirvikalpaka jJAnakA / saMzayajJAnakA nirAkaraNa to 'avyabhicArI' padase ho hI jAtA hai, isaliye saMzayajJAnakA nirAkaraNa karanA 'vyavasAyAtmaka' padakA mukhya kArya nahIM hai / yaha bAta maiM 'gurUnnIta mArga kA anugamana karake kaha rahA hU~ / isI taraha koI vyAkhyAkAra 'ayamazvaH' ityAdi zabdasaMsRSTa jJAnako ubhayajajJAna kahakara usakI pratyakSatAkA nirAkaraNa karaneke liye avyapadezya padakI sArthakatA batAte haiM / vAcaspati 'ayamazva:' isa jJAnako ubhayajajJAna na mAnakara aindriyaka kahate haiN| aura vaha bhI apane guruke dvArA upadiSTa isa gAthAke AdhArapara - zabdajatvena zAbdaJcet pratyakSaM cAkSajatvataH / spaSTagraharUpatvAt yuktamaindriyakaM hi tat // isaliye ve 'avyapadezya' padakA prayojana nirvikalpakA saMgraha karanA hI batalAte haiM / nyAyamaJjarI ( pR0 78 ) meM 'ubhayajajJAnakA vyavaccheda karanA avyapadezyapadakA kArya hai' isa matakA 'AcAryA:' isa zabdake sAtha ullekha kiyA gayA hai| usapara vyAkhyAkArakI anupapatti dikhAkara nyAyamaJjarIkArane ubhayajajJAnakA khaNDana kiyA hai / ma0 ma0 gaGgAdhara zAstrIne isa 'AcAryAH' padake nIce 'tAtparyaTIkAyAM vAcaspatimizrAH' yaha TippaNI kI hai / yahA~ yaha vicAraNIya hai ki yaha mata vAcaspati mizrakA hai yA anya kisI pUrvAcAryakA ? tAtparya - TIkA ( pR0 148 ) meM to spaSTa hI ubhayajajJAna nahIM mAnakara use aindriyaka kahA hai| isaliye vaha mata vAcaspatikA to nahIM hai / vyomavatI' TIkA ( pR0 555 ) meM ubhayajajJAnakA spaSTa samarthana hai, ataH yaha mata vyomazivAcAryakA ho sakatA hai / vyomavatImeM na kevala ubhayajajJAnakA samarthana hI hai kintu usakA vyavaccheda bhI avyapadezya padase kiyA hai| hA~, usapara jo vyAkhyAkArakI anupapatti hai vaha kadAcit vAca - spatikI tarapha laga sakatI hai; so bhI ThIka nahIM; kyoMki vAcaspatine apane gurukI jisa gAthAke anusAra ubhayajajJAnako aindriyaka mAnA hai, usase sApha mAlUma hotA hai ki vAcaspatike guruke sAmane ubhayajajJAnako mAnanevAle AcArya ( sambhavataH vyomazivAcArya ) kI paramparA thI, jisakA khaNDana vAcaspatike gurUne kiyA / aura jisa khaNDanako vAcaspatine apane gurukI gAthAkA pramANa dekara tAtparya- TIkAmeM sthAna diyA hai / isI taraha tAtparya - TIkA meM ( pR0 102 ) ' yadA jJAnaM tadA hAnopAdAnopekSA buddhayaH phalam' isa bhASyakA vyAkhyAna karate hue vAcaspati mizrane upAdeyatAjJAnako upAdAna' padase liyA hai aura usakA krama 1. "na, indriyasahakAriNA zabdena yajjanyate tasya vyavacchedArthatvAt, tathA hyakRtasamayo rUpaM pazyannapi cakSuSA rUpamiti na jAnIte rUpamitizabdoccAraNAnantaraM pratipadyata ityubhayajaM jJAnam; nanu ca zabdendriyayorekasmin kAle vyApArA'sambhavAdayuktametat / tathAhi manasA'dhiSThitaM na zrotraM zabdaM gRhNAti punaH kriyAkrameNa cakSuSA sambandhe sati rUpagrahaNam / na ca zabdajJAnasyaitAvatkAlamavasthAnaM sambhavatIti kathamubhayajaM jJAnam ? atraikA zrotrasambaddhe manasi kriyotpannA vibhAgamArabhate tataH svajJAna sahAyazabdasahakAriNA cakSuSA rUpajJAnamutpadyate ityubhayajaM jJAnam / yadi vA bhavatyevobhayajaM jJAnam " - praza0 vyo0, pR0 555 / 4-18
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________________ 138 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcAryaM smRti grantha bhI 'toyAlocana, toyavikalpa, dRSTatajjAtIyasaMskArodbodha, smaraNa, 'tajjAtIyaM cedam' ityAkAraka parAmarza' ityAdi batAyA hai / nyAyamaMjarI ( pR0 66 ) meM isI prakaraNa meM zaGkA kI hai ki- 'prathama AlocanajJAnakA phala upAdAnAdibuddhi nahIM ho sakatI; kyoMki usameM kaI kSaNoMkA vyavadhAna par3a jAtA hai' ? isakA uttara dete hue maMjarI - kArane 'AcAryAH' zabda likhakara 'upAdeyatAjJAnako upAdAnabuddhi kahate haiM' isa matakA ullekha kiyA hai / isa 'AcAryAH' pada para bhI ma0 ma0 gaGgAdhara zAstrIne 'nyAyavArtika- tAtparyaTIkAyAM vAcaspatimizrAH ' aisA TippaNa kiyA hai| nyAyamaJjarIke dvitIya saMskaraNake sampAdaka paM0 sUryanArAyaNajI nyAyAcAryane bhI unhIMkA anusaraNa karake use bar3e TAipameM heDiMga dekara chapAyA hai / maMjarIkArane isa matake bAda bhI eka vyAkhyAtAkA mata diyA hai / jo isa parAmarzAtmaka upAdeyatAjJAnako nahIM maantaa| yahA~ bhI yaha vicAraNIya hai ki - yaha mata svayaM vAcaspatikA hai yA unake pUrvavartI unake gurukA ? yadyapi yahA~ unhoMne apane gurukA nAma nahIM liyA hai, tathApi jaba vyomavatI' jaisI prazastapAdako prAcIna TIkA ( pR0 561 ) meM isakA spaSTa samana hai, taba isa matakI paramparA bhI prAcIna hI mAnanA hogI aura 'AcAryAH' padase vAcaspati na lie jAkara vyomaziva jaise koI prAcIna AcArya lenA hoNge| mAlUma hotA hai ma0 ma0 gaGgAdhara zAstrIne "jAtaJca sambaddhaM cetyekaH kAlaH " isa vacanako vAcaspatikA mAnaneke kAraNa hI ukta do sthaloM meM 'AcAryAH' padapara 'vAcaspatimizrA:' aisI TippaNI kara dI hai, jisakI paramparA calatI rahI / hA~, ma0 ma0 gopInAtha kavirAjane avazya hI use sandeha koTimeM rakhA hai / bhaTTa jayantakI samayAvadhi - jayanta maMjarImeM dharmakIrti matakI samAlocanAke sAtha hI sAtha unake TIkAkAra dharmottarakI AdivAkyakI carcAko sthAna dete haiM / tathA prajJAkaragupta ke 'ekamevedaM harSaviSAdAdyanekAkAravivarttaM pazyAmaH tatra yatheSTaM saMjJAH kriyantAm' ( bhikSu rAhulajIkI vArtikAlaMkArakI presakaoNpI, pR0 449 ) isa vacanakA khaMDana karate haiM, ( nyAyamaMjarI, pR0 74 ) / bhikSu rAhulajIne TibeTiyana guruparamparA ke anusAra dharmakIrtikA samaya I0 625, prajJAkaraguptakA 700, dharmottara aura raviguptakA 725 IsvI likhA hai / jayantane eka jagaha raviguptakA bhI nAma liyA hai | ataH jayantakI pUrvAvadhi 760 A D tathA uttarAvadhi 840 A. D. honI caahie| kyoMki vAcaspatikA nyAyasUcInibandha 841 A. D. meM banAyA gayA hai, isake pahile bhI ve brahma siddhi tattvabindu aura tAtparyaTIkA likha cuke haiN| saMbhava hai ki vAcaspatine apanI AdyakRti nyAyakaNikA 815 I0 ke AsapAsa likhI ho / isa nyAyakaNikAmeM jayantakI nyAyamaMjarIkA ullekha honese jayantakI uttarAvadhi 840 A D hI mAnanA samucita jJAta hotA hai / yaha samaya jayantake putra abhinanda dvArA dI gaI jayantakI pUrvajAvalIse bhI saMgata baiThatA hai / abhinanda apane kAdambarIkathAsAra meM likhate haiM ki " bhAradvAja kulameM zakti nAmakA gaur3a brAhmaNa thA / usakA putra mitra, mitrakA putra zaktisvAmI huaa| yaha zaktisvAmI karkoTavaMzake rAjA muktApIDa lalitAditya ke maMtrI the / zaktisvAmIke putra kalyANasvAmI, kalyANasvAmI ke putra candra tathA candrake putra jayanta hue, jo navavRttikArake nAmase mazahUra the / jayantake abhinanda nAmakA putra huA / " 1. " dravyAdijAtIyasya pUrvaM sukhaduHkhasAdhanatvopalabdheH tajjJAnAnantaraM yadyat dravyAdijAtIyaM tattatsukhasAdhanamityavinAbhAvasmaraNam, tathA cedaM dravyAdijAtIyamiti parAmarzajJAnam, tasmAt sukhasAdhanamiti vinizcayaH tata upAdeyajJAnam" " - praza0 vyo0, pR0 561 /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 139 kAzmIrake karkoTa vaMzIya rAjA muktApIDa lalitAdityakA rAjya kAla 733 se 768 A. D taka rahA hai' / zaktisvAmIke, jo apanI praur3ha avasthAmeM mantrI hoMge, apane mantritvakAla ke pahile hI I0 720 meM kalyANasvAmI utpanna ho cuke hoMge / isake anantara yadi pratyeka por3hIkA samaya 20 varSa bhI mAna liyA jAya to kalyANasvAmIke IsvI san 740 meM candra, candra ke I0 760 meM jayanta utpanna hue aura unhoMne IsvI 800 taka meM apanI 'nyAyamaMjarI' banAI hogii| isalie vAcaspatike samaya meM jayanta vRddha hoMge aura vAcaspati inheM AdarakI dRSTise dekhate hoMge / yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne apanI AdyakRtimeM nyAyamaMjarI - kArakA smaraNa kiyA hai / jayantake isa samayakA samarthaka eka prabala pramANa yaha hai ki haribhadrasUrine apane SaDadarzanasamuccaya ( zlo0 20 ) meM nyAyamaMjarI ( vijayAnagaraM saM0, pR0 129 ) ke-- "gambhIragarjitArambhanibhinna girigahvarAH / rolambagavalavyAlatamAlamalinatviSaH // tvaGgatta DillatAsaGgapizaGgottuGgavigrahAH / vRSTi vyabhicarantIha naivaMprAyAH payomucaH // " ina do zlokoMke dvitIya pAdoMko jaisAkA taisA zAmila kara liyA hai / prasiddha itivRttajJa muni jinavijayajIne "jaina sAhityasaMzodhaka' ( bhAga 1 aMka 1 ) meM aneka pramANoMse, khAsakara udyotanasUrikI kuvalayamAlA kathAmeM haribhadrakA gururUpase ullekha honeke kAraNa haribhadrakA samaya I0 700 se 770 ta nirdhArita kiyA hai / kuvalayamAlA kathAkI samApti zaka 700 ( I0 778 ) meM huI thI / merA isa viSaya meM itanA saMzodhana hai ki usa samayakI AyuHsthiti dekhate hue haribhadrakI nirdhArita Ayu svalpa mAlUma hotI hai / unake samayakI uttarAvadhi I0 810 taka mAnanese ve nyAyamaMjarIko dekha sakeMge / haribhadra jaise saikar3oM prakaraNoMke racayitA vidvAn ke lie 100 varSa jInA asvAbhAvika nahIM ho sakatA / ataH I0 710 se 810 taka samayavAle haribhadrasUrike dvArA nyAyamaMjarIke zlokoMkA apane grantha meM zAmila kiyA jAnA jayantake 760 se 840 I0 taka ke samayakA prabala sAdhakapramANa hai / A0 prabhAcandra ne vAtsAyanabhASya evaM nyAyavArtikako apekSA jayantako nyAyamaJjarI evaM nyAyakalikAkA hI adhika parizIlana evaM samucita upayoga kiyA hai / SoDazapadArtha ke nirUpaNameM jayantakI nyAyamaMjarIke hI zabda apanI AbhA dikhAte haiM / prabhAcandrako nyAyamaMjarI svabhyasta thI / ve kahIM kahIM maMjarIke hI zabdoM ko ' tathA cAha bhASyakAra:' likhakara uddhRta karate haiM / bhUtacaitanyavAdake pUrvapakSa meM nyAyamaMjarI meM 'api ca' karake uddhRta kI gaI 17 kArikAe~ nyAyakumudacandra meM bhI jyoMkI tyoM uddhRta kI gaI haiM / jayantake kArakasAkalyakA sarvaprathama khaNDana / prabhAcandrane hI kiyA hai| nyAyamaJjarIkI nimnalikhita tIna kArikAe~ bhI nyAyakumudacandrameM uddhRta kI gaI haiM / ( nyAyakumuda0 pR0 336 ) " jJAtaM samyagasamyagvA yanmokSAya bhavAya vA / tatprameyamihAbhISTaM na pramANArthaM mAtrakam / / " [ nyAyamaM0 pR0 447 ] ( nyAyakumuda0 pR0 491 ) " bhUyo'vayavasamAnyayogo yadyapi manyate / sAdRzyaM tasya tu jJaptiH gRhIte pratiyogini / / [ nyAyamaM0 pR0 146 ] ( nyAyakumuda0 pR0 511 ) " nanvastyeva gRhadvAravartinaH saMgatigrahaH / bhAvenAbhavasiddha tu kathametadbhaviSyati ||" [ nyAyamaM0 pR0 38 ] 1. dekho, saMskRta sAhityakA itihAsa, pariziSTa ( kha ), pR0 15 /
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________________ 140 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha isa taraha nyAyakumudacandra ke AdhArabhUta granthoMmeM nyAyamaMjarIkA nAma likhA jA sakatA hai| vAcaspati aura prabhAcandra-SaDdarzanaTIkAkAra vAcaspatine apanA nyAyasUcInibandha I0 841 meM samApta kiyA thaa| inameM apanI tAtparyaTIkA ( pR0 165) me sAMkhyoMke anumAnake mAtrAmAtrika Adi sAta bheda ginAe haiM aura unakA khaMDana kiyA hai| nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 462 ) meM bhI sAMkhyoMke anumAnake inhIM sAta bhedoMke nAma nirdiSTa haiM / vAcaspatine zAMkarabhASyakI bhAmatI TIkAmeM avidyAse avidyAke uccheda karaneke lie "yathA payaH payo'ntaraM jarayati svayaM ca jIryati, viSaM viSAntaraM zamayati svayaM ca zAmyati, yathA vA katakarajo rajo'ntarAvile pAtha si prakSiptaM rajontarANi bhindat svayamapi bhidyamAnamanAvilaM pAthaH karoti.." ityAdi dRSTAnta die haiN| prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDa ( pR0 66) me inhIM dRSTAntoMko pUrvapakSameM upasthita kiyA hai| nyAyakumudacandrake vidhivAdake pUrvapakSameM vidhivivekake sAthahI sAtha usakI vAcaspatikata nyAyakaNikA TIkAkA bhI paryApta sAdazya pAyA jAtA hai| vAcaspatike ukta I0 841 samayakA sAdhaka eka pramANa yaha bhI hai ki inhoMne tAtparyaTIkA ( pR0 217 ) meM zAntara kSitake tattvasaMgraha ( zlo. 200 ) se nimnalikhita zloka uddhata kiyA hai-'nartakIbhralatAkSepo na hyekaH pAramArthikaH / anekANusamahatvAt ekatvaM tasya kalpitam / / " zAntarakSitakA samaya I0 762 hai| zabara RSi aura prabhAcandra-jaiminisUtrapara zAbarabhASya likhanevAle maharSi zabarakA samaya IsAkI tIsarI sadI taka samajhA jAtA hai| zAbarabhASyake Upara hI kumArila aura prabhAkarane vyAkhyAe~ likhI haiN| A0 prabhAcandrane zabda-nityatvavAda, vedApauruSeyatvavAda AdimeM kumArilake zlokavArtikake sAtha hI sAtha zAbarabhASyakI dalIloMko bhI pUrvapakSameM rakhA hai| zAbarabhASyase hI "gaurityatra kaH zabdaH ? gakAraukAravisarjanIyA iti bhagavAnupavarSaH'' yaha upavarSa RSikA mata prameyakamaLamArtaNDa ( pR0 464 ) meM uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| nyAyakumudacandra (10 279 ) meM zabdako vAyavIya mAnanevAle zikSAkAra mImAMsakoMkA mata bhI zAbarabhASyase hI uddhRta huA hai| isake sivAya nyAyakumudacandrame zAbarabhASyake kaI vAkya pramANarUpameM aura pUrvapakSa meM uddhRta kie gae haiM / kumArila aura prabhAcandra-bhaTa kumArilane zAbarabhASyapara mImAMsAzlokavArtika, tantravArtika aura dupTIkA nAmakI vyAkhyA likhI hai kumArilane apane tantravArtika ( pR0 251-253 ) meM vAkyapadIyake nimnalikhita zlokakI samAlocanA kI hai ___ "astyarthaH sarvazabdAnAmiti pratyAyyalakSaNam / apUrvadevatAsvargaH samamAhurgavAdiSu // " -vAkyapa0 2 / 121 isI taraha tantravArtika (pR0 209-10 ) meM vAkyapadIya (17) ke "tattvAvabodhaH zabdAnAM nAsti vyAkaraNAdRte" aMza uddhRta hokara khaMDita huA hai| mImAMsAzlokavArtika ( vAkyAdhikaraNa zlo0 51) meM vAkyapadIya ( 211-2) meM nirdiSTa dazavidha yA aSTavidha vAkyalakSaNoMkA samAlocana kiyA gayA hai| bhartRharike sphoTavAdako AlocanA bhI kumArilane mImAMsAzlokavAtikake sphoTavAdameM baDI prakharatA cInI yAtrI itsigane apane yAtrAvivaraNameM bhartRharikA mRtyusamaya I0 650 batAyA hai ataH bhartRharike samAlocaka kumArilakA samaya IsvI 7vI zatAbdIkA uttara bhAga mAnanA samucita hai| A0 prabhAcandra ne prameyakamalamAttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra meM sarvajJavAda, zabdanityatvavAda, vedApauruSeyatvavAda, AgamAdipramANoMkA vicAra, prAmANyavAda Adi prakaraNoMmeM kumArilake zlokavArtikase pacAsoM kArikAe~ uddhRta kI hai| zabdanityatvavAda Adi prakaraNoMmeM kumArilakI yuktiyoMkA silasilevAra sapramANa uttara diyA gayA hai| kumArilane AtmAko vyAvRttyanugamAtmaka yA nityAnityAtmaka mAnA hai| prabhAcandrane AtmAkI nityAnityAtmakatAkA samarthana karate
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 141 samaya kumArilakI "tasmAdubhavahAnena vyAvRttyanugamAtmakaH " Adi kArikAe~ apane pakSa ke samarthanameM bhI uddhRta kI haiM / isI taraha sRSTikartRtvakhaMDana, brahmavAdakhaMDana Adi meM prabhAcandra kumArilake sAtha-sAtha cala / sArAMza yaha hai ki prabhAcandra ke sAmane kumArilakA mImAMsAzlokavArtika eka viziSTa granthake rUpameM rahA hai / isIlie isakI AlocanA bhI jamakara kI gii| / zlokavArtikakI bhaTTa umbekakRta tAtparyaTIkA abhI prakAzita huI hai / isa TIkAkA AloDana bhI prabhAcandrane khUba kiyA hai / sarvajJavAdameM kucha kArikAe~ aisI uddhRta haiM jo kumArilake maujUdA zlokavArtikameM nahIM pAIM jAtI / saMbhava hai ye kArikAe~ kumArilakI bRhaTTIkA yA anya kisI graMtha kI hoM / maMDana mizra aura prabhAcandra - A0 maMDanamizrake mImAMsAnukramaNI, vidhiviveka, bhAvanAviveka, siddhi, brahmasiddhi, sphoTasiddhi Adi yantha prasiddha haiM / inakA samaya' IsAkI 8vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvabhAga hai | AcArya vidyAnandane ( I0 9vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvabhAga ) apanI aSTasahasrImeM maNDana mizrakA nAma liyA hai / yataH maNDana mizra apane granthoMmeM saptamazatakavartI kumArilakA nAmollekha karate haiM / ataH inakA samaya I0 kI saptamazatAbdIkA antimabhAga tathA 8vIM sadIkA pUrvArdha sunizcita hotA hai / A0 prabhAcandrane nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 149 ) meM maMDana mizra kI brahmasiddhikA " AhuvidhAtR pratyakSa" zloka uddhRta kiyA hai / nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 572 ) meM vidhivAdake pUrvapakSa meM maMDanamizra ke vidhiviveka meM varNita aneka vidhivAdiyoMkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| unake matanirUpaNa tathA samAlocanameM vidhiviveka hI AdhArabhUta mAlUma hotA hai / prabhAkara aura prabhAcandra - zAbarabhASyakI bRhatI TIkAke racayitA prabhAkara karIba-karIba kumArila - ke samakAlIna the / bhaTTa kumArilakA ziSya parivAra bhATTake nAmase khyAta huA tathA prabhAkarake ziSya prAbhAkara yA gurumatAnuyAyI kahalAe / prabhAkara viparyayajJAnako smRtipramoSa yA vivekAkhyAti rUpa mAnate haiM / ye abhAvako svatantra pramANa nahIM mAnate / vedavAkyoMkA artha niyogaparaka karate haiM / prabhAcandrane apane granthoM meM prabhAkarake smRtipramoSa, niyogavAda Adi sabhI siddhAntoMkA vistRta khaMDana kiyA hai / zAlikanAtha aura prabhAcandra - prabhAkarake ziSyoMmeM zAlikanAthakA apanA viziSTa sthAna hai / inakA samaya IsAkI 8vIM zatAbdI hai / inhoMne bRhatIke Upara RjuvimalA nAmakI paJjikA likhI hai / prabhAkaraguruke siddhAntoMkA vivecana karaneke lie inhoMne prakaraNapaJjikA nAmakA svatantra grantha bhI likhA hai / ye andhakArako svatantra padArtha nahIM mAnate kintu jJAnAnutpattiko hI andhakAra kahate haiM / A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pR0 238 ) tathA nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 666 ) meM zAlikanAtha ke isa matakI vistRta samIkSA kI hai / zaGkarAcArya aura prabhAcandra - Adya zaGkarAcArya ke brahmasUtrazAGkarabhASya, gItAbhASya, upaniSadbhASya Adi anekoM grantha prasiddha haiM / inakA samaya I0 788 se 820 taka mAnA jAtA hai / zAGkarabhASya meM dharmakIrtike 'sahopalambhaniyamAt ' hetukA khaNDana honese yaha samaya samarthita hotA hai / A0 prabhAcandrane zaGkarake anirvacanIyArthakhyAtivAdakI samAlocanA prameyakamalamArttaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandrameM kI hai| nyAyakumudacandrake paramabrahmavAdake pUrvapakSa meM zAGkarabhASyake AvArase ho vaiSamya nairRgya Adi doSoMkA parihAra kiyA gayA hai / surezvara aura prabhAcandra - zaGkarAcArya ke ziSyoM meM surezvarAcAryakA nAma ullekhanIya hai / inakA 1. dekho bRhatI dvi0 bhAgakI prastAvanA / 2. draSTavya-acyutapatra varSa 3, aGka 4 meM ma0 ma0 gopInAtha kavirAjakA lekha /
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________________ 142 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha nAma vizvarUpa bhI thA / inhoMne taittirIyopaniSadbhASyavArtika, bRhadAraNyakopaniSadbhASyavArtika, mAnasollAsa, paJcIkaraNavArtika, kAzImRtimokSavicAra, naiSkamrmyasiddhi Adi grantha banAe haiN| A0 vidyAnanda ( IsAkI 9 vIM zatAbdI ) ne as - sahasrI ( pR0 162 ) meM bRhadAraNyakopaniSadbhASya vArtika se 'brahmavidyAvadiSTaM cennanu' ityAdi kArikAe~ uddhRta kI haiM / ataH inakA samaya bhI IsAkI 9vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvabhAga honA cAhie / zaGkarAcArya ( I0 788 se 820 ke sAkSAt ziSya the / A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pR0 4445 ) tathA nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 141 ) meM brahmavAda ke pUrvapakSa meM inake bRhadAraNyakopaniSadbhASyavArtika ( 3 / 5 / 43-44 ) se "yathA vizuddhamAkAza" Adi do kArikAe~ uddhRta kA haiM / bhAmaha aura prabhAcandra - bhAmahakA kAvyAlaGkAra grantha upalabdha hai / zAntarakSitane tattvasaMgraha ( pR0291 ) meM bhAmaha ke kAvyAlaMkArakI apohakhaNDana vAlo "yadi gaurityayaM zabdaH " Adi tIna kArikAoMkI samAlocanA kI hai / ye kArikAe~ kAvyAlaMkAra ke 6 veM pariccheda ( zloka0 17-19 ) meM pAI jAtI haiM / tattvasaMgrahakArakA samaya I0 705-762 taka sunirNIta hai| bauddhasammata pratyakSake lakSaNakA khaNDana karate samaya bhAmahane ( kAvyAlaMkAra 5/6 ) diGnAgake mAtra 'kalpanApoDha' padavAle lakSaNakA khaNDana kiyA hai, dharmakIrti ke 'kalpanApoDha aura abhrAnta' ubhayavizeSaNavAle lakSaNakA nahIM / isase jJAta hotA hai ki bhAmaha diGnAgake uttaravartI tathA dharmakIrti ke pUrvavartI haiM / antataH inakA samaya IsAkI 7vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvabhAga hai| Ao prabhAcandrane apohavAdakA khaMDana karate samaya bhAmahakI apohakhaNDanaviSayaka "yadi gaurityayaM" Adi tInoM kArikAyeM prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pU. 432 ) meM uddhRta kI haiN| yaha bhI saMbhava hai ki ye kArikAyeM sIdhe bhAmaha ke granthase uddhRta na hokara tattvasaMgrahake dvArA uddhRta huI hoM / bAga aura prabhAcandra - prasiddha gadyakAvya kAdambarIke racayitA bANabhaTTa, samrATa harSavardhana ( rAjya 606 se 648 I0 ) kI sabhA ke kaviratna the / inhoMne harSacaritakI bhI racanA kI thii| bANa, kAdambarI aura harSacarita donoM hI granthoMko pUrNa nahIM kara ske| inakI kAdambarIkA Adyazloka "rajojuSe janmani sattvavRttaye" prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pR 298 ) meM uddhRta hai / A0 prabhAcandrane vedApauruSeyatva prakaraNa meM ( prameyaka 0 pR0 393 ) kAdambarIke kartRtva ke viSayameM sandehAtmaka ullekha kiyA hai--" kAdambaryAdInAM kartRvizeSe vipratipatteH " - arthAt kAdambarI Adike katta ke viSaya meM vivAda hai| isa ullekhase jJAta hotA hai ki prabhAcandrake samayameM kAdambarI Adi granthoMke karttA vivAdagrasta the / hama prabhAcandrakA samaya Age IsAkI gyArahavIM zatAbdI siddha kareMge / mAgha aura prabhAcandra - zizupAlavadha kAvyake racayitA mAgha kavikA samaya I0 660-675 ke lagabhaga hai / ' mAghakavike pitAmaha suprabhadeva rAjA varmalAtake mantrI the / rAjA varmalAtakA ullekha I0 625 ke eka zilAlekha meM vidyamAna hai ataH inake nAtI mAgha kavikA samaya I0 675 taka mAnanA samucita hai / prabhAcandrane mAghakAvya ( 1 / 23 ) kA " yugAntakAlapratisaMhRtAtmano zloka prameyaka malamAtaMNDa ( pR0 688 ) meM uddhRta kiyA hai| isase jJAta hotA hai ki prabhAcandrane mAghakAvyako dekhA thA / .77 avaidika darzana azvaghoSa aura prabhAcandra - azvaghoSakA samaya IsAkA dvitIya zataka mAnA jAtA hai| inake buddhacarita aura saundarananda do mahAkAvya prasiddha haiM / saundaranandameM azvaghoSane prasaGgataH bauddhadarzanake kucha padArthoM 1. dekho, saMskRta sAhityakA itihAsa, pR0 143 /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 143 kA bhI sAragarbha vivecana kiyA hai| A0 prabhAcandrane zUnyanirvANavAdakA khaMDana karate samaya pUrvapakSa meM ( prameyaka0 pR0 687 ) saundaranandakAvyase nimnalikhita do zloka uddhRta kie haiM "dIpo yathA nirbuNimabhyupeto naivAvaniM gacchati nAntarikSam / dizaM na kAJcida vidizaM kAJcit snehakSayAt kevalameti zAntim / / jIvastathA nirvRtimabhyupeto naivAvani gacchati nAntarikSam / dizaM na kAJcidvidizaM na kAJcitklezakSayAt kevalameti zAntim / / " -saundarananda 16 / 28, 29 nAgArjuna aura prabhAvandra-nAgArjunakI mAdhyamikakArikA aura vigrahavyAvartinI do grantha prasiddha haiM / ye IsAkI tIsarI zatAbdIke vidvAn haiN| inheM zUnyavAdake prasthApaka honekA zreya prApta hai / mAdhyamikakArikAmeM inhoMne vistRta parIkSAe~ likhakara zanyavAdako dArzanika rUpa diyA hai| vigrahavyAvartinI bhI isI taraha zanyavAdakA samarthana karanevAlA choTA prakaraNa hai| prabhAcandrane nyAyakUmadacandra (10 132 ) meM mAdhyamikake zUnyavAdakA khaMDana karate samaya pUrvapakSa meM pramANavAtikakI kArikAoMke sAtha hI sAtha mAdhyanikakArikAse bhI 'na svato nApi parataH' aura 'yathA mayA yathA svapno' ye do kArikAe~ uddhRta kI haiM / vasubandhu aura prabhAvandra-vasubandhukA abhidharmakoza grantha prasiddha hai| inakA samaya i0 400 ke karIba mAnA jAtA hai| abhidharmakoza bahuta aMzoMmeM bauddhadarzanake sUtragranthakA kArya karatA hai| prabhAcandrane nyAyakumadacandra (10 390 ) meM vaibhASika samasta dvAdazAGga pratItyasamutpAdakA khaMDana karate samaya pratItyasamatpAdakA pUrvapakSa vasUbandhake abhidharmakozake AdhArase hI likhA hai| usameM yathAvasara abhidharmakozase 2-3 kArikAe~ bhI uddhRta kI hai / dekho nyAyakumudacandra pR0 395 / diGnAga aura prabhAcandra-A0 dignAgakA sthAna bauddhadarzanane viziSTa saMsthApakoMmeM hai| inake nyAyapraveza aura pramANasamaccaya prakaraNa mudrita haiN| inakA samaya I0 425 ke AsapAsa mAnA jAtA hai| pramANasamuccayameM pratyakSakA kalpanApoDha lakSaNa kiyA hai| isameM abhrAntapada dharmakIrtine jor3A hai| inhIMke pramANasamuccaya para dharmakIrtine pramANavAtika racA hai| bhikSa rAhulajIne' dignAgake AlambanaparIkSA, trikAlaparokSA aura hetucakraDamaru Adi granthoMkA bhI ullekha kiyA hai| A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDa (1080 ) meM 'stutazca advaitAdiprakaraNAnAmAdau dignAgAdibhiH sadbhiH ' likhakara pramANasamuccayakA 'pramANabhUtAya' ityAdi maMgalazlokAMza uddhRta kiyA hai| isI taraha apohabAdake pUrvapakSa ( prameyaka0 pR0 436 ) meM dignAgake nAmase nimnalikhita gadyAMza bhI uddhRta kiyA hai-"dignAgena vizeSaNavizeSyabhAvasamarthanArthama 'nIlotpalAdizabdA arthAntaranivRttiviziSTAnAMnAhuH' ityuktam / dharmakIti aura prabhAcandra-bauddhadarzanake yugapradhAna AcArya dharmakIrti IsAkI 7vIM zatAbdI meM nAlandAke bauddhavidyApIThake AcArya the / inakI lekhanIne bhAratIya darzanazAstroM meM eka yugAntara upasthita kara diyA thaa| dharmakIrtine vaidika-skRtipara daDha prahAra kie hai| yadyapi inakA uddhAra karane ke lie vyomaziva, jayanta, vAcaspatimizra, udayana Adi AcAryoMne kucha uThA nahIM rakhA / para bauddhoMke khaMDanameM jitano kuzalatA tathA satarkatAse jainAcAryone lakSya diyA hai utanA anyane nhiiN| yaho kAraNa hai ki akalaGka, haribhadra, anantavIrya, vidyAnanda, prabhAcandra, abhayadeva, vAdidevasari Adike jainanyAyazAstrake granthoMkA bahabhAga bauddhoMke khaMDanane hI roka rakhA hai| dharmakItike samayake viSayameM maiM vizeSa UhApoha "akalaGkagrantha traya" kI prastAvanA 1. vAdanyAya pariziSTa pR0 VI,
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________________ 144 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha ( pR0 18 ) meM kara AyA hU~ / inake pramANavArtika, hetubindu, nyAyabindu, santAnAntara siddhi, vAdanyAya, sambandhaparIkSA Adi granthoMkA prabhAcandrako gaharA abhyAsa thA / ina granthoMkI anekoM kArikAe~, khAsakara pramANavArtikakI kArikAe~ prabhAcandrake granthoM meM uddhRta haiN| mAlUma hotA hai ki sambandhaparIkSAkI atha se iti taka 23 kArikAe~ prameyakamalamArttaNDake sambandhavAdake pUrvapakSa meM jyoMkI tyoM rakhI gaI haiM, aura khaNDita huI haiM / vidyAnandake tattvArthazlokavArtika meM isakI kucha kArikAe~ hI uddhRta haiM / vAdanyAyakA " hasati hasati svAmini " Adi zloka prameyakamalamAttaNDa meM uddhRta hai / saMvedanAdvaita ke pUrvapakSa meM dharmakIrti ke 'sahopalambhaniyamAt ' Adi hetuoM kA nirdezakara bahuvidha vikalpajAloMse khaNDana kiyA gayA hai / vAdanyAyakI " asAdhanAGgavacanamadoSodbhAvanaM dvayoH " kArikAkA aura isake vividha vyAkhyAnoMkA sayuktika uttara prameyakamalamArttaNDameM diyA gayA hai| ina saba granthoMke avataraNa aura unase kI gaI tulanA nyAyakumudacandrake TippaNI meM dekhanI cAhie / " prajJAkaragupta aura prabhAcandra - dharmakIrtike vyAkhyAkAroMmeM prajJAkaraguptakA apanA khAsa sthAna hai / unhoMne pramANavArtikapara pramANavArtikAlaGkAra nAmakI vistRta vyAkhyA likhI hai inakA samaya bhI IsAkI 9vIM zatAbdIkA antima bhAga aura AThavIMkA prArambhika bhAga hai / inakI pramANavArtikAlaGkA ra TIkA vArtikAlaGkAra aura alaMkArake nAmase bhI prakhyAta rahI hai / inhIMke vArtikAlaGkArase bhAvanA vidhi niyogakI vistRta carcA vidyAnandake granthoM dvArA prabhAcandrave nyAyakumudacandra meM avatIrNa huI hai / itanA vizeSa hai ki - vidyAnanda aura prabhAcandrane prajJAkaraguptakRta bhAvanA vidhi Adike khaMDanakA bhI sthAna-sthAnapara vizeSa samAlocana kiyA hai / prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pR0 380 ) meM prajJAkarake bhAvikAraNavAda aura bhUtakAraNavAdakA utlekha prajJAkarakA nAma dekara kiyA gayA hai / prajJAkaraguptane apane isa matakA pratipAdana pramANavArtikAlaGkArameM kiyA 19 bhikSu rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ke pAsa isakI hastalikhita kApI hai / prabhAcandrane dharmakIrtike pramANavArtikakI taraha unake ziSya prajJAkarake vArtikAlaGkArakA bhI Alocana kiyA hai / prabhAcandrane jo brAhmaNatvajAtikA khaNDana likhA hai, usameM zAntarakSitake tattvasaMgrahake sAtha hI sAtha prajJAkaraguptake vArtikAlaGkArakA bhI prabhAva mAlUma hotA hai / ye bauddhAcArya apanI saMskRti ke anusAra sadaiva jAtivAdapara khaDgahasta rahate the / dharmakIrtine pramANavArtika ke nimnalikhita zloka meM jAtivAda ke madako jaDatAkA cihna batAyA hai-- "vedaprAmANyaM kasyacitkartR vAdaH snAne dharmecchA jAtivAdAvalepaH / santApArambhaH pApahAnAya ceti dhvastaprajJAnAM paJca liGgAni jADye ||" uttarAdhyayanasUtrameM 'kammuNA bamhaNo hoi kammuNA hoi khattio' likhakara karmaNA jAtikA spaSTa samarthana kiyA gayA hai / di0 jainAcAryoM meM varAGgacaritrake kartA jaTA siMhanandine varAGgacaritake 25veM adhyAyameM brAhmaNatvajAtikA nirAsa kiyA hai / aura bhI raviSeNa amitagati Adine jAtivAda ke khilApha thor3A bahuta likhA hai para tarka granthoM meM sarvaprathama hama prabhAcandra ke hI granthoMmeM janmanA jAtikA sayuktika khaNDana yatheSTa vistAra ke sAtha pAte haiM / 1. isake avataraNa akalaMkagranthatrayakI prastAvanA, pR0 27 meM dekhanA cAhie / 2, ina AcAryoM ke granthoMke avataraNa ke lie dekho nyAyakumudacandra, pR0 778, Ti09 /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 145 karNa goma aura prabhAcandra - pramANavArtikake tRtIyaparicchedapara dharmakIrtikI svopajJavRtti bhI upalabdha hai / isa vRttipara karNakagomikI vistRta TIkA hai| isa TIkAmeM prajJAkara guptake pramANavArtikAlaGkArakA 'alaGkAra' zabda se ullekha / isameM maNDana mizrakI brahmasiddhikA 'AhuvidhAtR ' zloka uddhRta hai / ataH inakA samaya I0 8vIM sadIkA pUrvArdha saMbhava hai / nyAyakumudacandrake zabdanityatvavAda, vedApauruSeyatvavAda, sphoTavAda Adi prakaraNoM para karNakagomikI svavRttiTokA apanA pUrA asara rakhatI hai / isake avataraNa ina prakaraNoM ke TippaNoM meM dekhanA cAhiye / zAntarakSita, kamalazIla aura prabhAcandra - tattvasaMgrahakAra' zAntarakSita tathA tattvasaMgrahapaJjikAke racayitA kamalazIla nAlandAvizvavidyAlayake AcArya the / zAntarakSitakA samaya I0 705 se 762 tathA kamalazIlakA samaya I0 713 se 763 hai / zAntarakSitakI apekSA kamalazIlakI prAvAhika prasAdaguNamayI bhASAne prabhAcandrako atyadhika AkRSTa kiyA hai / yoM to prabhAcandra ke prAyaH pratyeka prakaraNapara kamalazolakI paJjikA apanA unmukta prabhAva rakhatI hai para isake lie SaTpadArtha parIkSA, zabdabrahma parIkSA, IzvaraparIkSA, prakRtiparIkSA, zabdanityatvaparIkSA Adi parIkSAe~ khAsataurase draSTavya haiM / tattvasaMgrahakI sarvajJaparIkSAmeM kumArikI pacAsoM kArikAe~ uddhRta kara pUrvapakSa kiyA gayA hai / inameMse anekoM kA rikAe~ aisI haiM jo kumArike zlokavArtika meM nahIM pAI jAtIM / kucha aisI hI kArikAe~ prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra meM bhI uddhRta hai| saMbhava hai ki ye kArikAe~ kumArila ke granthase na lekara tattvasaMgrahase hI lI gaI hoM / tAtparya yaha ki prabhAcandra ke AdhArabhUta granthoM meM tattvasaMgraha aura usakI paJjikA agrasthAna pAneke yogya hai / arcaMTa aura prabhAcandra - dharmakIrti ke hetubindupara arcaTakRta TIkA upalabdha hai / isakA ullekha anantavIryaMne apanI siddhivinizcayaTIkA meM anekoM sthaloMmeM kiyA hai / 'hetulakSaNasiddhi' meM to dharmakIrti hetubindu ke sAthahI sAtha arcaTakRta vivaraNakA bhI khaNDana hai / aTakA samaya bhI karIba IsAkI 9vIM zatAbdI honA cAhiye | arcane apane hetubinduvivaraNa meM sahakAritva do prakArakA batAyA hai - 1 ekArthakAritva, 2 parasparAtizayAdhAyakatva / A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDa ( pR0 10 ) meM kArakasAkalyavAdakI samIkSA karate samaya sahakAritvake yahI do vikalpa kiye haiM / dharmottara aura prabhAcandra - dharmakIrtike nyAyabindupara A0 dharmottarane TIkA racI hai| bhikSu rAhulajI dvArA likhita TibeTiyana guruparamparA ke anusAra inakA samaya I0 725 ke AsapAsa hai / A0 prabhAcandra apane prameyakamalamArtaNDa ( pR0 2 ) tathA nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 20 ) meM sambandha, abhidheya, zakyAnuSThAneSTaprayojanarUpa anubandhatrayakI carcAmeM, jo unmattavAkya, kAkadantaparIkSA, mAtRvivAhopadeza tathA sarvajvarahara - takSakacUDAratnAlaGkAropadezake udAharaNa die haiM ve dharmottarakI nyAyabinduTIkA ( pR0 2 ) ke prabhAvase achUte nahIM haiM / inakI zabdaracanA karIba-karIba eka jaisI hai / isI taraha nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 26 ) meM pratyakSa zabdakI vyAkhyA karate samaya akSAzritatvako pratyakSazabdakA vyutpattinimitta batAyA hai aura akSAzritatvopalakSita arthasAkSAtkAritvako pravRttinimitta / ye prakAra bhI nyAyabinduTIkA ( pR0 11 ) se akSarazaH milate haiM / jJAnazrI aura prabhAcandra -- jJAnazrIne kSaNabhaMgAdhyAya Adi aneka prakaraNa likhe haiM / udayanAcArya ne 1. dekho, tattvasaMgrahakI prastAvanA, pR0 Xovi 2. dekho, vAdamyAyakA pariziSTa / 4- 19
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________________ 146 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha apane AtmatattvavivekameM jJAnazrIke kSaNabhaMgAdhyAyakA nAmollekhapUrvaka AnupUrvIse khaNDana kiyA hai| udayanAcAryane apanI lakSaNAvalI takambirAMka ( 906 ) zaka, I0 984 meM samApta kI thii| ataH jJAnazrIkA samaya I0984 se pahile to honA hI cAhiye / bhikSa rAhula sAMkRtyAyanajIke noTsa dekhanese jJAta huA hai kijJAnazrIke kSaNabhaMgAdhyAya yA apohasiddhi(?)ke prArambhameM yaha kArikA hai _ "apohaH zabdaliGgAbhyAM na vastu vidhinocyate / " vidyAnandakI aSTasahasrImeM bhI yaha kArikA uddhRta hai / A0 prabhAcandrane bhI apohavAdake pUrvapakSameM "apohaH zabdaliGgAbhyAM" kArikA uddhRta kI hai| vAcaspatimizra ( I0 841 ) ke granthoMmeM jJAnazrIkI samAlocanA nahIM haiM para udayanAcArya ( I0 984 ) ke granthoM meM hai, isalie bhI jJAnazrIkA samaya IsAka 10vIM zatAbdIke bAda to nahIM jA sktaa| jayasiMharAzibhaTTa aura prabhAcandra-bhaTTa zrI jayasiMharAzikA tattvopaplavasiMha nAmaka grantha gAyakavADa sIrIjameM prakAzita huA hai| inakA samaya IsAkI 8vIM zatAbdI hai| tattvopaplavagranthameM pramANa-prameya Adi sabhI tattvoMkA bahavidha vikalpajAlase khaNDana kiyA gayA hai| A0 vidyAnandake granthoM meM sarvaprathama tattvopaplavavAdIkA pUrvapakSa dekhA jAtA hai| prabhAcandrane saMzayajJAnakA pUrvapakSa tathA bAdhakajJAnakA pUrvapakSa tattvopaplava granthase hI kiyA hai aura usakA utane hI vikalpoM dvArA khaNDana kiyA hai| prameyakamalamArtaNDa ( 10 648 ) meM 'tattvopaplavavAdi' kA dRSTAnta bhI diyA gayA hai| nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 339) meM bhI tattvopaplavavAdikA dRSTAnta pAyA jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha ki paramatake khaNDanameM kvacita tattvopaplavavAdikRta vikalpoMkA upayoga kara lenepara bhI prabhAcandrane sthAna-sthAnapara tattvopaplavavAdike vikalpoMkI bhI samIkSA ko hai| kundakunda aura prabhAcandra-digambara AcAryoM meM A0 kundakundakA viziSTa sthAna hai| inake sAratraya-pravacanasAra, paJcAstikAyasamayasAra aura samayasAra-ke sivAya bArasaaNavevakhA aSTapADa Adi grantha upalabdha hai| pro0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene pravacanasArakI bhUmikAmeM inakA samaya IsAkI prathamazatAbdI siddha kiyA hai / kundakundAcAryane bodhapAhuDa ( gA0 37) meM kevalIko AhAra aura nihArase rahita batAkara kavalAhArakA niSedha kiyA hai| sUtraprAbhUta ( gA0 23-36 ) meM strIko pravrajyAkA niSedha karake strImuktikA nirAsa kiyA hai / kundakundake isa malamArgakA dArzanikarUpa hama prabhAcandra ke granthoM meM kevalikavalAhAravAda tathA strImaktivAdake rUpameM pAte haiM / yadyapi zAkaTAyanane apane kevalibhakti aura strImakti prakaraNoM meM digambaroMkI mAnyatAkA vistRta khaNDana kiyA hai| jisase jJAta hotA hai ki zAkaTAyanake sAmane digambarAcAryoMkA ukta siddhAntadvayakA samarthaka vikasita sAhitya rahA hai| para Aja hamAre sAmane prabhAcandra ke grantha hI ina donoM mAnyatAoMke samarthakarUpameM samupasthita hai| A0 prabhAcandrane nyAyakumudacandrameM pravacanasArakI "jiyad ya marada ya' gAthA, bhAvapAhaDakI 'ego me sassado' gAthA, tathA prA0 siddhabhaktikI 'paMvedaM vedantA' gAthA uddhRta kI hai / prAkRta dazabhaktiyA~ bhI kundakundAcAryake nAmase prasiddha haiN| samantabhadra aura prabhAcandra-AdyastutikAra svAmi samantabhadrAcAryake bRhatsvayambhUstotra, AptamImAMsA, yuktyanuzAsana Adi grantha prasiddha hai| inakA samaya vikramakI dUsarI zatAbdI mAnA jAtA hai| kinhIM vidvAnoMkA vicAra hai ki inakA samaya vikramakI pAMcavIM yA chaThavIM zatAbdI honA caahiye| prabhAcandrane nyAyakumudacandrameM bRhatsvayambhUstotrase "anekAnto'pyanekAntaH" "mAnuSI prakRtimabhyatItavAn" "tadeva ca syAnna tadeva' ityAdi zloka uddhRta kie haiN|
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 147 A0 vidyAnandane AptaparIkSAkA upasaMhAra karate hue yaha zloka likhA hai ki "zrImattattvArthazAstrAdbhuta salilanidheridvaratnodbhavasya, protthAnArambhakAle sakalamalabhide zAstrakAraiH kRtaM yat / stotraM tIrthopamAnaM prathitapRthupathaM svAmimImAMsitaM tat, vidyAnandaH svazaktyA kathamapi kathitaM satyavAkyArtha siddhyai / / 123 / / " arthAt tattvArthazAstrarUpI adbhuta samudrase dIptaratnoMke udbhava ke protthAnArambhakAla - prArambhika samayameM, zAstrakArane, pApoM kA nAza karaneke lie, mokSake payako batAnevAlA, tIrthasvarUpa jo stavana kiyA thA aura jisa stavanakI svAmIne mImAMsA kI hai, usIkA vidyAnandane apanI svalpazakti ke anusAra satyavAkya aura satyArthI siddhike lie vivecana kiyA hai / athavA, jo dIptaratnoMke udbhava - utpattikA sthAna hai usa adbhuta salilanidhike samAna tattvArthazAstra ke protthAnArambhakAle utpattikA nimitta batAte samaya yA protthAnautthAnika bhUmikA bA~dhaneke prArambhika samayameM zAstrakArane jo maMgalastotra racA aura jisa stotra meM varNita AptakI svAmIne mImAMsA kI usIkI maiM ( vidyAnanda ) parIkSA kara rahA hU~ / ve isa zloka meM spaSTa sUcita karate haiM ki svAmI samantabhadrane 'mokSamArgasya netAram' maMgalazlokameM varNita jisa AptakI mImAMsA kI hai usI AptakI maiMne parIkSA kI hai| vaha maMgalastotra tattvArthazAstrarUpI samudrase dIpta ratnoMke udbhava ke prArambhika samaya meM yA tattvArthazAstrakI utpattikA nimitta batAte samaya zAstrakArane banAyA thA / yaha tattvArthazAstra yadi tattvArthasUtra hai to usakA maMthana karake ratnoMke nikAlanevAle yA usakI utthAnikA bA~dhanevAle usakI utpattikA nimitta batAnevAle AcArya pUjyapAda haiM / yaha 'mokSamArgasya netAraM ' zloka svayaM sUtrakArakA to nahIM mAlUma hotA, kyoMki pUjyapAda, bhaTTAkalaGkadeva aura vidyAnandane sarvArthasiddhi, rAjavArtika aura zlokavArtika meM isakA vyAkhyAna nahIM kiyA hai / yadi vidyAnanda ise sUtrakArakRta ho mAnate hote to ve avazya hI zlokavArtikameM usakA vyAkhyAna karate / parantu yaho vidyAnanda AptaparIkSA ( pR0 3 ) ke prArambha meM isI zlokako sUtrakArakRta bhI likhate haiM / yathA-- ...33 " kiM punastatparameSThino guNastotraM zAstrAdau sUtrakArAH prAhuriti nigadyate - mokSamArgasya netAraM isa paMkti meM yahI zloka sUtrakArakRta kahA gayA hai / kintu vidyAnandakI zailIkA dhyAnase samIkSaNa karane para yaha spaSTarUpase vidita ho jAtA hai ki ve apane granthoMmeM kisI bhI pUrvAcAryako sUtrakAra aura kisI bhI pUrvagraMthako sUtra likhate haiM / tattvArthazlokavArtika ( pR0 184 ) meM ve akalaMkadevakA sUtrakAra zabdase tathA rAjavArtikakA sUtra zabdase ullekha karate haiM- " tena indriyAnindriyAnapekSamatItavyabhicAraM sAkAragrahaNam' ityetatsUtropAttamuktaM bhavati / tataH, pratyakSalakSaNaM prAhuH spaSTaM sAkAramaJjasA / dravyaparyAyasAmAnyavizeSArthAtmavedanam // 4 // sUtrakArA iti jJeyamAkalaMkAvabodhane" isa avataraNa meM 'indriyAnindriyAnapekSa' vAkya rAjavArtika ( pR0 38 ) kA hai tathA 'pratyakSalakSaNaM' zloka nyAyavinizcaya ( zlo0 3 ) kA hai / ata: mAtra sUtrakArake nAmase 'mokSamArgasya netAraM" zlokako uddhRta karaneke kAraNa hama 'vidyAnandakA jhukAva ise mUla sUtrakArakRta mAnanekI ora hai' yaha nahIM samajha sakate / anyathA ve isakA vyAkhyAna zlokavArtikameM avazya karate / ataH isa paMkti meM sUtrakAra zabdase bhI iddharatnoMke udbhavakartA yA tattvArthazAstrakI bhUmikA bA~dhane vAle AcAryakA hI grahaNa karanA caahie| AptaparIkSAke--- " iti tattvArthazAstrAdI munIndrastotragocarA / praNItAptaparIkSeyaM kuvivAdanivRttaye // "
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________________ 148 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha isa anuSTup zlokameM tattvArthazAstrAdau pada 'protthAnArambhakAle' padake arthameM hI prayukta huA hai / 32 akSaravAle isa saMkSipta zlokame isase adhikakI guMjAiza hI nahIM hai| 'mokSamArgasya netAra' zloka vastutaH sarvArthasiddhi kA hI maMgala loka hai / yadi pUjyapAda svayaM bhI ise sUtrakArakRta mAnate hote to unake dvArA usakA vyAkhyAna sarvArtha siddhi meM avazya kiyA jAtA / aura jaba samantabhadrane isI zlokake Upara apanI AptamImAMsA banAI hai, jaisA ki vidyAnandakA ullekha hai, to samantabhadra kamase kama pUjyapAdake samakAlIna to siddha hote hI haiN| paM0 sukhalAlajIkA yaha tarka ki-'yadi samantabhadra pUjyapAdake prAkkAlIna hote to ve apane isa yugapradhAna AcAryakI AptamImAMsA jaisI anUThI kRtikA ullekha kie binA nahIM rahate" hRdayako lagatA hai| yadyapi aise nakArAtmaka pramANoMse kisI AcArya ke samayakA svatantra bhAvase sAdhana bAdhana nahIM hotA phira bhI vicArako eka spaSTa koTi to upasthita ho hI jAtI hai| aura jaba vidyAnandake ullekhoMke prakAzameM isakA vicAra karate haiM taba yaha paryApta puSTa mAlama hotA hai| samantabhadrakI AptamImAMsAke cauthe dameM vaNita "virUpakAryArambhAya" Adi kArikAoMke pUrvapakSoMkI samIkSA karanese jJAta hotA hai ki samantabhadra ke sAmane saMbhavataH dignAgake grantha bhI rahe hai / bauddhadarzanakI itanI spaSTa vicAradhArAkI sambhAvanA dignAgase pahile nahIM kI jA sktii| hetubinduke arcaTakRta vivaraNameM samantabhadrakI AptamImAMsAkI "dravyaparyAyayorakyaM tayoravyatirekataH" kArikAke khaMDana karanevAle 30-35 zloka uddhRta kie gae haiN| ye zloka durvekamizrakI hetubinduTIkAnuTIkAke lekhAnusAra svayaM arcaTane hI banAe haiN| arcaTakA samaya 9vIM sadI hai| kumArilake mImAMsAzlokavAtikameM samantabhadrakI "ghaTamaulisUvarNArthI" kArikAse samAnatA rakhanevAle nimna zloka pAye jAte haiM "vardhamAnakabhaGge ca rucakaH kriyate yadA / tadA pUrvArthinaH zokaH prItizcApyuttarArthinaH / / hemAthi nastu mAdhyasthyaM tasmAdvastu trayAtmakam / na nAzena vinA zoko notpAdena vinA sukham // sthityA vinA na mAdhyasthyaM tena sAmAnyanityatA // " -mI0 zlo0, pR0 619 kumArilakA samaya IsAkI 7vIM sadI hai| ataH samantabhadrakI uttarAvadhi sAtavIM sadI mAnI jA sakatI hai / pUrvAvadhikA niyAmaka pramANa dignAgakA samaya honA caahie| isa taraha samantabhadrakA samaya IsAkI 5vIM aura sAtavIM zatAbdIkA madhyabhAga adhika saMbhava hai| yadi vidyAnandake ullekhameM aitihAsika dRSTi bhI niviSTa hai to samantabhadrakI sthiti pUjyapAdake bAda yA samasamayameM honI caahie| pUjyapAdake jainendravyAkaraNake abhayanandisammata prAcInasUtrapAThameM "catuSTayaM samantabhadrasya' sUtra pAyA jAtA hai / isa sUtrameM yadi inho samantabhadrakA nirdeza hai to isakA nirvAha samantabhadrako pUjyapAdakA samakAlInavRddha mAnakara bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| 1. A0 vidyAnanda aSTasahasrIke maMgalazlokame bhI likhate hai ki"zAstrAvatAraracitastutigocarAptamImAMsitaM kRtiralakriyate mayA'sya // arthAta-zAstra tattvArthazAstrake avatAra-avataraNikA-bhUmikAke samaya racI gaI stutimeM varNita AptakI mImAMsA karanevAle AptamImAMsA nAmaka granthakA vyAkhyAna kiyA jAtA hai / yahA~ 'zAstrAvatAraracitastuti' pada AptaparIkSAke 'protthAnArambhakAla' padakA samAnArthaka hai|
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 149 pUjyapAda aura prabhAcandra-A0 devanandikA apara nAma pUjyapAda thaa| ye vikramakI pAMcavIM aura chaThI sadIke khyAta AcArya the| A0 prabhAcandra ne pUjyapAdakI sarvArthasiddhipara 'tattvArthavRttipadavivaraNa nAmakI laghuvRtti likhI hai| isake sivAya inhoMne jainendravyAkaraNapara zabdAmbhojabhAskara nAmakA nyAsa likhA hai / pUjyapAdakI saMskRta siddha bhaktise 'siddhi : svAtmopalabdhiH' pada bhI nyAyakumudacandra meM pramANarUpase uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA nyAyakumadacandrameM jahA~ kahIM bhI vyAkaraNake sUtroMke uddharaNa denekI AvazyakatA haI hai vahA~ prAyaH jainendravyAkaraNake abhayanandisammata sUtrapAThase hI sUtra uddhRta kie gae haiN| dhanaJjaya aura prabhAcandra-'saMskRtasAhityakA saMkSipta itihAsa' ke lekhakadvayane dhanaJjayakA samaya I0 12veM zatakakA madhya nirdhArita kiyA hai ( pR0 173 ) / aura apane isa matakI puSTike lie ke0 bI0 pAThaka mahAzayakA yaha mata bho uddhata kiyA hai ki-"dhanaJjayane dvisandhAnamahAkAvyakI racanA I0 1123 aura 1140 ke madhyameM kI hai|" DaoN0 pAThaka aura ukta itihAsake lekhakadvaya anya kaI jaina kaviyoMke samaya nirdhAraNakI bhA~ti dhanaJjayake samayameM bhI bhrAnti kara baiThe hai / kyoMki vicAra karanese dhanaJjayakA samaya IsAkI 8vIM sadIkA anta aura navIkA prArambhika bhAga siddha hotA hai-- 1-jalhaNa ( I0 dvAdazazataka) viracita sUktimaktAvalImeM rAjazekharake nAmase dhanaJjayakI prazaMsAmeM nimnalikhita padya uddhRta hai "dvisandhAne nipuNatAM satAM cakre dhnnyjyH| yayA jAtaM phalaM tasya sa tAM cakre dhanaJjayaH / / " isa padyameM rAjazekharane dhanaJjayake dvisandhAnakAvyakA manomugdhakara saraNise nirdeza kiyA hai| saMskRta sAhityake itihAsake lekhakadvaya likhate haiM ki-'yaha rAjazekhara prabandhakozakA kartA jaina rAjazekhara hai| yaha rAjazekhara I0 1348 meM vidyamAna thA / " Azcarya hai ki 12vIM zatAbdIke vidvAn jalhaNake dvArA viracita granthameM ullikhita honevAle rAjazekharako lekhakadvaya 14vIM zatAbdIkA jaina rAjazekhara batAte haiM / yaha to moTI bAta hai ki 12vIM zatAbdIke jalhaNane 14vIM zatAbdIke jaina rAjazekharakA ullekha na karake 10vIM zatAbdIke prasiddha kAvyamImAMsAkAra rAjazekharakA hI ullekha kiyA hai / isa ullekhase dhanaJjayakA samaya 9vIM zatAbdIke antima bhAgake bAda to kisI bhI taraha nahIM jaataa| I0 960 meM viracita somadevake yazastilaka campUmeM rAjazekharakA ullekha hAnese inakA samaya karoba I0 910 ThaharatA hai| 2-vAdirAjasUri apane pArzvanAthacarita (pR0 4 ) meM dhanaJjayakI prazaMsA karate hue likhate haiM-- ___ "anekabhedasandhAnAH khananto hRdaye muhuH / bANA dhanaJjayonmuktAH karNasyeva priyAH katham / / " isa zliSTa zlokameM 'anekabhedasandhAnAH' padase dhanaJjayake 'dvisandhAnakAvya' kA ullekha bar3I kuzalatAse kiyA gayA hai| vAdirAjasUrine pArzvanAthacarita 947 zaka (I. 1025 ) meM samApta kiyA thaa| ataH dhanaJjayakA samaya I0 10vIM zatAbdIke bAda to kisI bhI taraha nahIM jA sktaa| 3-A0 vIrasenane apanI dhavalATIkA ( amarAvatIkI prati, pR0 387 ) meM dhanaJjayako anekArthanAmamAlAkA nimnalikhita zloka uddhRta kiyA hai1. dekho, anekAnta varSa 1, pR0 197 / premIjI sUcita karate haiM ki isakI prati baMbaIke ailaka pannAlAla sarasvatI bhavanameM maujUda hai| 2, dekho, dhavalaTIkA prathama bhAgakI prastAvanA, pR0 62 /
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________________ 150 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha "hetAvevaM prakArAdau vyavacchede viparyaye / prAdurbhAva samAptau ca itizabdaM vidurbudhAH // " A0 vIrasenane dhavalATokAkI samApti zaka 738 ( I0 816 ) meM kI thii| zrImAn premIjIne banArasIvilAsakI utthAnikAmeM likhA hai ki "dhvanyAlokake kartA Anandavardhana, haracaritrake kartA ratnAkara aura jalhaNane dhanaJjayakI stuti kI hai|" saMskRta sAhityake saMkSipta itihAsameM AnandavardhanakA samaya I0 840-70, evaM ratnAkarakA samaya I0 850 taka nirdhArita kiyA hai / ataH dhanaJjayakA samaya 8vIM zatAbdokA uttarabhAga aura navIM zatAbdokA pUrvabhAga sunizcita hotA hai / dhanaJjayane apanI nAmamAlAke "pramANamakalaGkasya pUjyapAdasya lakSaNam / dhanaJjayakaveH kAvyaM ratnatrayamapazcimam / / " isa zlokameM akalaGkadevakA nAma liyA hai / akalaGkadeva IsAko 8vIM sadIke AcArya hai ataH dhanaJjayakA samaya 8vIM sadIkA uttarArdha aura navIkA pUrvArdha mAnanA susaMgata hai| AcArya prabhAcandrane apane prameyakamalamArtaNDa (pR0 402) meM dhanaJjayake dvisandhAnakAvyakA ullekha kiyA hai| nyAyakumudacandrameM isI sthalapara dvisandhAnakI jagaha trisandhAna nAma liyA gayA hai| ravibhadraziSya anantavIrya aura prabhAcandra-ravibhadrapAdopajIvi anantavIryAcAryakI siddhivinizcayaTIkA samupalabdha hai / ye akalaGkake prakaraNoMke taladraSTA, vivecayitA, vyAkhyAtA aura marmajJa the| prabhAcandra ne inakI uktiyoMse hI dUravagAha akalaGkavAGamayakA suSTha abhyAsa aura vivecana kiyA tha anantavIrya ke prati apanI kRtajJatAkA bhAva nyAyakumudacandra meM ekAdhika bAra pradarzita karate haiN| inakI siddhivinizcayaTIkA akalakavAGmayake TIkAsAhityakA ziroratna hai| usameM saikar3oM matamatAntaroMkA ullekha karake unakA savistara nirAsa kiyA gayA hai| isa TIkAmeM dharmakIrti, acaMTa dharmottara, prajJAkaragupta, Adi prasiddha prasiddha dharmakIrtisAhityake vyAkhyAkAroM ke mata unake granthoMke lambe-lambe avataraNa dekara uddhata kie gae haiN| yaha TIkA prabhAcandra ke granthoMpara apanA vicitra prabhAva rakhatI hai| zAntisUrine apanI jainatarkavAtikavRtti (10 98 ) meM 'eke anantavIryAdayaH' padase saMbhavataH inhIM anantavIryake matakA ullekha kiyA hai| vidyAnanda aura prAcandra-A0 vidyAnandakA jainatAkikoM meM apanA viziSTa sthAna hai| inakI zlokavArtika, aSTasahasrI, AptaparIkSA, pramANaparokSA, patraparIkSA, satyazAsanaparIkSA, yuktyanuzAsanaTIkA Adi tArkikakRtiyAM inake atula talasparzI pANDitya aura sarvatomukha avyayanakA pade-pade anubhava karAtI haiN| inhoMne apane kisI bhI granthameM apanA samaya Adi nahIM diyA hai| A0 prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakUmadacandra donoM hI pramukhagranthoMpara vidyAnandakI kRtiyoMkI sunizcita amiTa chApa hai / prabhAcandra ko vidyAnandake granthoMkA anUThA abhyAsa thA / unakI zabdaracanA bhI vidyAnandakI zabdabhaMgIse pUrI taraha prabhAvita hai| prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDake prathamaparicchedake antameM "vidyAnandasamantabhadragaNato nityaM manonandanam" isa zlokAMzameM zliSTarUpase vidyAnandakA nAma liyA hai| prameyakamalamArtaNDameM patraparIkSAse patrakA lakSaNa tathA anya eka zloka bhI uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| ataH vidyAnandake grantha prabhAcandra ke lie upajIvya nirvivAdarUpase siddha ho jAte haiM / A0 vidyAnanda apane AptaparIkSA Adi granthoMmeM 'satyavAkyArthasiddhaya' 'satyavAkyAdhipAH' vizeSaNase tatkAlIna rAjAkA nAma bhI prakArAntarase sUcita karate haiN| bAbU kAmatAprasAdajI (jainasiddhAntabhAskara
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 151 bhAga 3, kiraNa 3, pR0 87 ) likhate haiM ki - " bahuta gaMbhava hai ki unhoMne gaMgavAr3i pradezameM bahuvAsa kiyA ho, kyoMki gaMgavAr3i pradezake rAjA rAjamallane bhI gaMgavaMzameM honevAle rAjAoMmeM sarvaprathama 'satyavAkya ' upAdhi yA aparanAma dhAraNa kiyA thaa| uparyukta zlokoM meM yaha saMbhava hai ki vidyAnandajIne apane samaya isa rAjAke 'satyavAkyAdhipa' nAmako dhvanita kiyA ho / yuktyanuzAsanAlaMkArameM uparyukta zloka prazasti rUpa hai aura usameM racayitA dvArA apanA nAma aura samaya sUcita honA hI caahie| samayake lie tatkAlIna rAjAkA nAma dhvanita karanA paryApta hai / rAjamala satyavAkya vijayAdityakA lar3akA thA aura vaha san 816 ke lagabhaga rAjyAdhikArI huA thA / unakA samaya bhI vidyAnandake anukUla hai / yuktyanuzAsanAlaGkArake antima zloka ke "proktaM yuktyanuzAsanaM vijayibhiH zrIsatyavAkyAdhipaH " isa aMza meM satyavAkyAdhipa aura vijaya donoM zabda haiM, jinase gaMgarAja satyavAkya aura usake pitA vijayAdityakA nAma dhvanita hotA hai / " isa avataraNa se yaha sunizcita jAtA hai ki vidyAnandane apanI kRtiyA~ rAjamala satyavAkya ( 816 I0 ) ke rAjyakAlameM banAI haiM / A0 vidyAnandane sarvaprathama apanA tattvArthazlokavArtika grantha banAyA hai, taduparAnta aSTasahasrI aura vidyAnandamahodaya, isake anantara Apane AptaparIkSA Adi parIkSAntanAmavAle laghu prakaraNa tathA yuktyanuzAsana TIkA; kyoMki aSTasahasrImeM tattvArthazlokavArtikakA tathA AptaparIkSA AdimeM aSTasahasrI aura vidyAnandamahodayakA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / vidyAnandane tattvArthazlokavArtika aura aSTasahasrImeM, jo unakI Adya racanAe~ haiM, 'satyavAkya' nAma nahIM liyA hai, para AptaparIkSA AdimeM 'satyavAkya' nAma liyA hai / ataH mAlUma hotA hai ki vidyAnanda zlokavArtika aura aSTasahasrIko satyavAkyake rAjyasiMhAsanAsIna hone ke pahile hI banA cuke hoMge / vidyAnandake granthoMmeM maMDanamizra ke matakA khaMDana hai aura aSTasahasrImeM surezvara ke sambandhavArtika 3 / 4 kArikAe~ bhI uddhRta kI gaI haiN| maMDanamizra aura surezvarakA samaya IsAkI 8vIM zatAbdIkA pUrvabhAga mAnA jAtA hai / ataH vidyAnandakA samaya IsAkI 8vIM zatAbdIkA uttarArdha aura navIMkA pUrvArdha mAnanA sayuktika mAlUma hotA hai / prabhAcandra ke sAmane inakI samasta racanAe~ rahI haiM / tattvopaplavavAdakA khaMDana to vidyAnandakI aSTasahasrImeM hI vistArase milatA hai, jise prabhAcandrane apane granthoM meM sthAna diyA hai / isI taraha aSTasahastrI aura zlokavArtikameM pAI jAnevAlI bhAvanA vidhi niyogake vicArakI duravagAha carcA prabhAcandra ke nyAyakumudacandra meM prasantarUpase avatIrNa huI hai / A0 vidyAnandane tattvArthazlokavArtika ( pR0 206 ) meM nyAyadarzana ke 'pUrvavat' Adi anumAnasUtrakA nirAsa karate samaya kevala bhASyakAra aura vArtikakArakA hI mata pUrvapakSa rUpa se upasthita kiyA hai / ve nyAyavArtikatAtparyaTIkAkArake abhiprAyako apane pUrvapakSa meM zAmila nahIM karate / vAcaspatimizra ne tAtparyaTIkA I0 841 ke lagabhaga banAI thii| isase bhI vidyAnandake ukta samayakI puSTi hotI hai / yadi vidyAnandakA grantharacanAkAla I0 841 ke bAda hotA to ve tAtparyaTIkA ullekha kiye binA na rahate / anantakIrti aura prabhAnandra - laghIyastrayAdi saMgrahameM anantakIrtikRta laghusarvajJasiddhi aura bRhatsarvajJasiddhi prakaraNa mudrita haiM / laghIyastrayAdisaMgrahakI prastAvanA meM paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIne ina anantakIrtike samayakI uttarAvadhi vikrama saMvat 1082 ke pahile nirdhArita kI hai, aura isa samaya ke samarthana meM vAdirAja ke pArzvanAthacaritakA yaha zloka uddhRta kiyA hai-- "AtmanaivAdvitIyena jIvasiddhi nibadhnatA / anantakIrtinA mukti rAtrimArgeva lakSyate // " vAdirAjane pArzvanAthacaritakI racanA vikrama saMvat 1082 meM ko thI / saMbhava to yaha hai ki inhIM
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________________ 152 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha anantakIrtine jIvasiddhikI taraha laghusarvajJasiddhi aura bRhatsarvajJasiddhi grantha banAye hoM / siddhi vinizcayaTIkAmeM anantavIryane bhI eka anantakIrtikA ullekha kiyA hai / yadi pArzvanAthacaritameM smRta anantakIrti aura siddhivinizcayaTIkAmeM ullikhita anantakIrti eka hI vyakti haiM to mAnanA hogA ki inakA samaya prabhAcandrake samaya se pahile hai; kyoMki prabhAcandrane apane granthoM meM siddhivinizcayaTIkAkAra anantavIrya kA sabahumAna smaraNa kiyA hai / astu / anantakIrtike laghusarvajJasiddhi tathA bRhatsarvajJa siddhi granthoMkA aura prameyakamalamArttaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandrake sarvajJasiddhi prakaraNoMkA Abhyantara parIkSaNa yaha spaSTa batAtA hai ki ina granthoMmeM ekakA dUsareke Upara pUrA-pUrA prabhAva hai / bRhatsarvajJa siddhi - ( pR0 181 se 204 taka ) ke antima pRSTha to kucha thor3ese herapherase nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 838 se 847 ) ke muktivAda prakaraNake sAtha apUrva sAdRzya rakhate haiM / inheM par3hakara koI bhI sAdhAraNa vyakti kaha sakatA hai ki ina donoMmeMse kisI ekane dUsarekA pustaka sAmane rakhakara anusaraNa kiyA hai / merA to yaha vizvAsa hai ki anantakIrtikRta bRhat sarvajJasiddhikA hI nyAyakumudacandrapara prabhAva hai / udAharaNArtha kintu ajJo janaH duHkhAnanuSaktasukhasAdhanamapazyan AtmasnehAt sAMsArikeSu duHkhAnuSaktasukhasAdhaneSu pravartate / hitAhita vivekajJastu tAdAtvika sukhasAdhanaM stryAdikaM parityajya AtmasnehAt AtyantikasukhasAdhane muktimArge pravartate / yathA pathyApathyavivekamajAnannAturaH tAdAtvikasukhasAdhanaM vyAdhivivRddhinimittaM dadhyAdikamupAdatte, pathyApathyavivekajJastu tatparityajya peyAdA ArogyasAdhane pravartate / uktaJca - tadAtva sukhasaMjJeSu bhAvedhvajJo'nurajyate / hitamevAnurudhyante praparIkSya parIkSakAH // - nyAyakumudacandra, pR0 842 / " kintvatajjJo jano duHkhAnanuSaktasukhasAdhanamapazyan AtmasnehAt saMsArAntaH patiteSu duHkhAnuSaktasukhasAdhaneSu pravartate / hitAhitavivekajJastu tAdAtvika sukhasAdhanaM stryAdikaM parityajya AtmasnehAdAtyantika sukhasAdhane muktimArge pravartate / yathA pathyApathyavivekama jAnannAturaH tAdAtvikasukhasAdhanaM vyAdhivivRddhinimittaM dadhyAdikamupAdatte, pathyApathyavivekajJastu AturastAdAtvika sukhasAdhanaM dadhyAdikaM parityajya peyAdAvArogyasAdhane pravartate / tathA ca kasyacidviduSaH subhASitam- tadAtva sukhasaMjJeSu bhAveSvajJo'nurajyate / hitamevAnurudhyante praparIkSya parI - kSakAH // " - bRhatsarvajJasiddhi, pR0 181 / isa taraha yaha samUcA hI prakaraNa isI prakArake zabdAnusaraNase otaprota hai / zAkaTAyana aura prabhAcandra - rASTrakUTa vaMzIya rAjA amoghavarSake rAjyakAla ( IsvI 814-877 ) meM zAkaTAyana nAmake prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa ho gae haiN| ye 'yApanIya saMgha ke AcArya the / yApanIyasaMghakA bAhya AcAra bahuta kucha digambaroMse milatA julatA thA / ye nagna rahate the / zvetAmbara AgamoMko AdarakI dRSTise dekhate the / A0 zAkaTAyanane amoghavarSake nAmase apane zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNapara 'amoghavRtti' nAmakI TIkA banAI thI / ataH inakA samaya bhI lagabhaga I0 800 se 875 taka samajhanA cAhie / yApanIyasaMgha ke anuyAyI digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sampradAyoMkI kucha-kucha bAtoMko svIkAra karate the / eka tarahase yaha saMgha donoM sampradAyoMke jor3ane ke lie zrRMkhalAkA kArya karatA thA / AcArya malayagirine apanI nandI sUtrakI TIkA ( pR0 15 ) meM zakaTAyanako 'yApanIyayatigrAmAgraNI' likhA hai - "zAkaTAyano'pi yApanIyayatigrAmAgraNIH svopajJazabdAnuzAsanavRttau" / zAkaTAyana AcArya ne apanI amoghavRttimeM chedasUtra niyukti kAlikasUtra Adi zve0 granthoMkA 1. dekho - paM0 nAthUrAmapremIkA 'yApanIya sAhityakI khoja' ( anekAnta varSa 3, kiraNa 1 ) tathA pro0 e0 en0 upAdhyAyakA 'yApanIyasaMgha' ( jainadarzana varSa 4, aMka 7 lekha |
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 153 bar3e Adarase ullekha kiyA hai / AcArya zAkaTAyanate kevalikavalAhAra tathA strImukti ke samarthana ke lie strImukti aura kevalibhukti nAmake do prakaraNa banAe haiN| digambara aura zvetAmbaroMke paraspara bilagAva meM ye donoM siddhAnta hI mukhya mAne jAte haiN| yoM to digambara granthoM meM kundakundAcArya, pUjyapAda Adike granthoMmeM strImukti aura kevalibhuktikA sUtrarUpase nirasana kiyA gayA hai, parantu inhIM viSayoMke pUrvottarapakSa sthApita karake zAstrArthakA rUpa A0 prabhAcandrane ho apane prameyakamalamArttaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandra meM diyA hai / zvetAmbaroM ke tarkasAhitya meM hama sarvaprathama haribhadrasUrikI lalitavistarAmeM strImuktikA saMkSipta samarthana dekhate haiM, parantu ina viSayoMko zAstrArthakA rUpa sanmatiTIkAkAra abhayadeva, uttarAdhyayana pAiyaTIkAke racayitA zAntisUri tathA syAdvAdaratnAkarakAra vAdidevasUrine hI diyA hai| pIche to yazovijaya upAdhyAya tathA meghavijayagaNi Adine paryApta sAmpradAyika rUpase inakA vistAra kiyA hai| ina vivAdagrasta viSayoMpara likhe gae ubhayapakSIya sAhityakA aitihAsika tathA tAttvika dRSTise sUkSma adhyayana karanepara yaha spaSTa jJAta ho jAtA ki strImukti aura kevalibhukti viSayoMke samarthanakA prArambha zvetAmbara AcAryokI apekSA yApanIyasaMghavAloMne hI pahile tathA dilacaspI ke sAtha kiyA hai / ina viSayoMko zAstrArthakA rUpa denevAle prabhAcandra, abhayadeva tathA zAntisUri karIba-karIba samakAlIna tathA samadezIya the / parantu ina AcAryoMne apane pakSa ke samarthana meM eka dUsarekA ullekha yA eka dUsarekI dalIloMkA sAkSAt khaMDana nahIM kiyA / prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrameM strImukti aura kevalibhuktikA jo vistRta pUrvapakSa likhA gayA hai vaha kisI zvetAmbara AcArya ke granthakA na hokara yApanIyAgraNI zAkaTAyanake kevalibhukti aura strImukti prakaraNoMse hI liyA gayA hai| ina granthoMke utta rapakSameM zAkaTAyanake ukta donoM prakaraNoM kI eka-eka dalIlakA zabdazaH pUrvapakSa karake sayuktika nirAsa kiyA gayA hai| isI taraha abhayadevako sanmatitarkaTIkA aura zAntisUriko uttarAdhyayana pAiyaTIkA aura jainatarkavArtika meM zAkaTAyana ke inhIM prakaraNoM ke AdhArase hI ukta bAtoMkA samarthana kiyA gayA hai / hA~, vAdidevasUri ratnAkarameM ina matabhedoMmeM digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM sAmane- sAmane Ate haiM / ratnAkarameM prabhAcandrakI dalIleM pUrvapakSa rUpameM pAI jAtI haiM / tAtparya yaha ki - prabhAcandrane strImuktivAda tathA kevalikavalAhAravAda meM zvetAmbara AcAryoMkI bajAya zAkaTAyana ke kevalikti aura strImukti prakaraNoMko hI apane khaMDanakA pradhAna lakSya banAyA hai| nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 869 ) ke pUrvapakSa meM zAkaTAyana ke strImukti prakaraNakI yaha kArikA bhI pramANa rUpase uddhRta kI gaI hai-- "gArhasthye'pi sumattvA vikhyAtAH zIlavattayA jagati / sItAdayaH kathaM tAstapasi vizolA visattvAzca // strImu0 zlo0 31 abhayanandi aura prabhAcandra -- jainendravyAkaraNapara A0 abhayanandikRta mahAvRtti upalabdha hai / isI mahAvRtti AdhArase prabhAcandra ne 'zabdAmbhojabhAskara" nAmakA jainendravyAkaraNakA mahAnyAsa banAyA hai / paM0 nAthUrAmajI premone apane 'jainendravyAkaraNa aura AcArya devanandI' nAmaka lekhameM jainendravyAkaraNake pracalita do sUtra pAThoMmeMse abhayana ndisammata sUtrapAThako hI prAcIna aura pUjyapAdakRta siddha kiyA hai| isI purAtanasUtrapATha - para prabhAcandra ne apanA nyAsa banAyA hai / premIjIne apane ukta gaveSaNApUrNa lekhameM mahAvRttikAra abhayanandiko candra prabhacaritrakAra vIranandikA guru batAyA hai aura unakA samaya vikramakI gyArahavIM zatAbdIkA pUrvabhAga 1. ye prakaraNa jainasAhityasaMzodhaka khaMDa 2, aMka 3-4 meM mudrita hue haiM / 2. isakA paricaya 'prabhAcandra ke graMtha' zIrSaka stambhameM dekhanA cAhie ! 3. jaina sAhityasaMzodhaka bhAga 1, aMka 2 4-20
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________________ 154 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha nirdhArita kiyA hai / A0 nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIke guru bhI yahI abhayanandi the| gommaTasAra karmakANDa ( gA0 436 ) kI nimnalikhita gAthAse bhI yahI bAta puSTa hotI hai "jassa ya paaypsaaennnnNtsNsaarjlhimuttinnnno| vIriMdavadivaccho NamAmi taM abhayaNaMdiguruM / / " isa gAthAse tathA karmakANDakI gAthA naM0 784, 896 tathA labdhisAra gAthA 648se yaha sunizcita ho jAtA hai ki vIranandike guru abhayanandi hI nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIke guru the| A0 nemicandrane to vIranandi, indranandi aura indranandike ziSya kanakanandi takakA gururUpase smaraNa kiyA hai| ina saba ullekhoMse jJAta hotA hai ki abhayanandi, unake ziSya vIranandi aura indranandi, tathA indranandike ziSya kanakanandi sabhI prAyaH nemicandra ke samakAlIna vRddha the| vAdirAjasUrine apane pArzvacaritameM candraprabhacaritrakAra vIranandikA smaraNa kiyA hai / pArzvacarita zakasaMvat 947, I0 1025 meM pUrNa huA thA / ataH vIranandikI uttarAvadhi I0 1025 to sunizcita hai / nemicandrasiddhAntacakravartIne gommaTasAra grantha cAmaNDarAyake sambodhanArtha banAyA thaa| cAmaNDarAya gaMgavaMzIya rasiMha dvitIya (975 I0) tathA unake uttarAdhikArI rAjamalla dvitIyake mantrI the / cAmuNDarAyane zravaNavelgalastha bAhavali gommaTezvarakI matikI pratiSThA I0 981 meM karAI thI, tathA apanA cAmaNDaparANa I0 978 meM samApta kiyA thA / ataH A0 nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIkA samaya I0 980 ke AsapAsa sunizcita kiyA jA sakatA hai / aura lagabhaga yahI samaya AcArya abhayanandi AdikA honA cAhie / inhoMne apanI mahAvRtti (likhita pR0 221 ) meM bhartRhari ( I0 650 ) kI vAkyapadIyakA ullekha kiyA hai / pR0 393 meM mAgha ( I0 7vIM sadI) kAvyase 'saTAcchaTAbhinna' zloka uddhRta kiyA hai tathA 3 / 2 / 55 kI vRttimeM 'tattvArthavArtikamadhIyate' prayogase akalaMkadeva (I0 8vIM sadI) ke tattvArtharAjavArtikakA ullekha kiyA hai / ataH inakA samaya 9vIM zatAbdIse pahile to nahIM hI hai / yadi yahI abhayanandi jainendra mahAvRttike racayitA haiM to kahanA hogA ki unhoMne I0 960 ke lagabhaga apanI mahAvRtti banAI hogI / isI mahAvRttipara I0 1060 ke lagabhaga A0 prabhAcandrane apanA zabdAmbhojabhAskara nyAsa banAyA hai| kyoMki isakI racanA nyAyakumudacandrake bAda kI gaI hai aura nyAyakumudacandra jayasiMhadeva (rAjya 1056 se) ke rAjyake prArambhakAlameM banAyA gayA hai / mulAcArakAra aura prabhAcandra-malAcAra granthake kartAke viSayameM vidvAn matabheda rakhate haiM / koI use kundakundakRta kahate haiM to koI vaTTake rikRta / jo ho, para itanA nizcita hai ki malAcArakI sabhI gAthAe~ svayaM usake karttAne nahIM racI haiN| usameM anekoM aisI prAcIna gAthAe~ hai, jo kundakundake granthoMmeM, bhagavatI ArAdhanAmeM tathA Avazyakaniyukti, piNDaniyukti aura sammatitarka AdimeM bhI pAI jAtI haiN| saMbhava hai ki gommaTasArakI taraha yaha bhI eka saMgraha grantha ho| aise saMgrahagranthoMmeM prAcIna gAthAoMke sAtha kucha saMgrahakAra racita gAthAe~ bhI hotI haiN| gommaTasArameM bahabhAga svaracita hai jabaki malAcArameM svaracita gAthAoMkA bahubhAga nahIM mAlUma hotA / A0 prabhAcandrane nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 845 ) meM "ego me sassado" "saMjogamUlaM jIvena" ye do gAthAe~ uddhRta kI haiN| ye gAthAe~ malAcArameM ( 2 / 48, 49) darja haiN| inameM pahilI gAthA kundakundake bhAvapAhuDa tathA niyamasArameM bhI pAI jAtI hai| isI taraha prameyakamalamAttaMNDa (pR0 331 ) meM "Acelakkuddesiya" Adi gAthAMza dazavidha sthitikalpakA nirdeza karaneke lie uddhRta hai / yaha gAthA malA1. dekho, trilokasArakI prastAvanA /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 155 cAra (gAthA naM0 909) meM tathA bhagavatIArAdhanAmeM ( gAthA 421) vidyamAna hai| yahA~ yaha bAta khAsa dhyAna dene yogya hai ki prabhAcandrane isa gAthAko zvetAmbara AgamameM Acelakyake samarthanakA pramANa batAneke lie zvetAmbara Agamake rUpameM uddhRta kiyA hai / yaha gAthA jItakalpabhASya (gA0 1972 ) meM pAI jAtI hai / gAthAoMkI isa saMkrAnta sthitiko dekhate hue yaha sahaja hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki kucha prAcIna gAthAe~ paramparAse calI AI hai, jinheM digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM AcAryoMne apane granthoMmeM sthAna diyA hai| nemicandrasiddhAntacakravartI aura prabhAcandra AcArya nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI vIrasenApati zrI cAmuNDarAyake samakAlIna the| cAmuNDarAya gaMgavaMzIya mahArAja mArasiMha dvitIya (975 I0 ) tathA unake uttarAdhikArI rAjamalla dvitIyake mantrI the| inhIMke rAjyakAlameM cAmuNDarAyane gommaTezvarako pratiSThA ( san 981 ) karAI thii| A0 nemicandrane inhIM cAmuNDarAyako siddhAnta parijJAna karAneke lie gommaTasAra grantha banAyA thaa| yaha grantha prAcIna siddhAntagranthoMkA saMkSipta saMskaraNa hai| nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 254 ) meM 'loyAyAsapaese' gAthA uddhRta hai / yaha gAthA jIvakAMDa tathA dravyasaMgrahameM pAI jAtI hai| ataH ApAtataH yahI niSkarSa nikala sakatA hai ki yaha gAthA prabhAcandrane jIvakAMDa yA dravyasaMgrahase uddhRta kI hogI; parantu anveSaNa karanepara mAlama huA ki yaha gAthA bahuta prAcIna hai aura sarvArthasiddhi (5 / 39 ) tathA zlokavArtika (pR0 399 ) meM bhI yaha uddhRta kI gaI hai| isI taraha prameyakamalamArtaNDa ( pR0 300 ) meM 'viggahagaimAvaNNA' gAthA uddhRta kI gaI hai / yaha gAthA bhI jIvakAMDameM hai| parantu yaha gAthA bhI vastutaH prAcIna hai aura dhavalATIkA tathA umAsvAtikRta zrAvakaprajJaptimeM maujUda hai| prameyaratnamAlAkAra anantavIrya aura prabhAcandra-ravibhadrake ziSya anantavIrya AcArya, akalaMkake prakaraNoM ke khyAta TIkAkAra vidvAn the| prameyaratnamAlAke TIkAkAra anantavIrya unase pRthak vyakti haiM; kyoMki prabhAcandrane apane prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandra meM prathama anantavIryakA smaraNa kiyA hai, aura dvitIya anantavIrya apanI prameyaratnamAlAmeM inhIM prabhAcandrakA smaraNa karate haiM / ve likhate haiM ki prabhAcandrake vacanoMko hI saMkSipta karake yaha prameyaratnamAlA banAI jA rahI hai| pro0 e0 ena0 upAdhyAyane prameyaratnamAlAkAra anantavIryake samayakA anumAna gyArahavIM sadI kiyA hai, jo upayukta hai / kyoMki A0 hemacandra (1088-1173 I0) kI pramANamImAMsApara zabda aura artha donoM dRSTise prameyaratnamAlAkA pUrA-pUrA prabhAva hai| tathA prabhAcandrake prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrakA prabhAva prameyaratnamAlApara hai / A0 hemacandrakI pramANamImAMsAne prAyaH prameyaratnamAlAke dvArA hI prameyakamalamArtaNDako pAyA hai| davasena aura prabhAcandra- devasena zrIvimalasena gaNIke ziSya the / inhoMne dhArAnagarIke pArzvanAtha mandirameM mAgha sudI dazamI vikramasaMvat 990 ( I0 933 ) meM apanA darzanasAra grantha banAyA thaa| darzana1. prameyakamalamAttaMNDake prathama saMskaraNake saMpAdaka paM0 baMzIdharajI zAstrI, solApurane prameyaka0 ko prastA vanAmeM yahI niSkarSa nikAlA bhI hai| 2. "prabhendavacanodAracandrikAprasare sati / mAdRzAH kva na gaNyante jyotiriGgaNasannibhAH // tathApi tadvaco'pUrvaracanAruciraM satAm / cetoharaM bhRtaM yadvannadyA navaghaTe jalam // " 3. dekho, jainadarzana varSa 4, aMka 9 / 4. nayacakrakI prastAvanA, pR0 11 /
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________________ 156 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha sArake bAda inhoMne bhAvasaMgraha graMtha kI racanA kI thI; kyoMki usameM darzanasArakI anekoM gAthAe~ uddhRta milatI haiN| inake ArAdhanAsAra, tattvasAra, nayacakrasaMgraha tathA AlApapaddhati grantha bhI haiM / A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pR0 300 ) tathA nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 856 ) ke kavalAhAravAda meM devasena ke bhAva saMgraha ( gA0 110 ) kI yaha gAthA uddhRta kI hai "NokammakammahAro kavalAhAro ya leppamAhAro / oja maNovi ya kamaso AhAro chavviho yo / " yadyapi devasenasUrine darzanasAra granthake antameM likhA hai "puvvAyariyakayAI gAhAI saMciUNa eyattha / siridevaseNagaNiNA dhArAe saMvasaMteNa // raiyo daMsaNasAro hAro bhavvANa Navasae Navae / siripAsaNAhagehe suvisuddhaM mAhasuddhadasamoe // " arthAt pUrvAcAryakRta gAthAoM kA saMcaya karake yaha darzanasAra grantha banAyA gayA hai| tathApi bahuta khoja karanepara bhI yaha gAthA kisI prAcIna graMtha meM nahIM mila sakI hai| devasena dhArAnagarImeM hI rahate the, ataH dhArAnivAsI prabhAcandrake dvArA bhAvasaMgrahase bhI ukta gAthAkA uddhRta kiyA jAnA asaMbhava nahIM hai / cU~ki darzanasArake bAda bhAvasaMgraha banAyA gayA hai, ataH isakA racanAkAla saMbhavataH vikrama saMvat 997 ( I0 940) ke AsapAsa hI hogA / zrutakIrti aura prabhAcandra -- jainendrake prAcIna sUtrapAThapara AcArya zrutakIrtikRta paMcavastuprakriyA upalabdha hai|" zrutakIrtine apanI prakriyAke antameM zrImadvRttizabdase abhayanandikRta mahAvRtti aura nyAsazabda se saMbhavataH prabhAcandrakRta nyAsa, donoMkA hI ullekha kiyA hai / yadi nyAsazabda pUjyapAda ke jainendra nyAsakA nirdezaka ho to 'TIkAmAla' zabdase to prabhAcandrakI TIkAkA ullekha kiyA hI gayA hai / yathA " sUtrastambhasamuddhRtaM pravilasannyAsoruratnakSiti, zrImadvRttikapATasaMpuTayutaM bhASyaughazayyAtalam / TIkamAla mahArurukSuracitaM jainendrazabdAgamam, prAsAdaM pRthupaJca vastukamidaM sopAnamArohatAt // " kanaDI bhASAke candraprabhacaritrake kartA aggalakavine zrutakIrtiko apanA guru batAyA hai " iti paramapurunAtha kulabhUbhRtsamudbhUtapravacanasaritsa rinnAthazrutakIrtitraividyacakravartipadapadmanidhAnadIpavati zrImadaggaladeva viracite candraprabhacarite" / yaha caritra zaka saMvat 1011, I0 1089 meM banakara samApta huA thA | ataH zrutakIrtikA samaya lagabhaga 1080 I0 mAnanA yuktisaMgata hai / ina zrutakIrtine nyAsako jainendra vyAkaraNa rUpI prAsAdakI ratnabhUmi kI upamA dI hai| isase zabdAmbhojabhAskarakA racanA samaya lagabhaga I0 1060 samarthita hotA hai / zve0 AgamasAhitya aura prabhAcandra - bha0 mahAvIrakI ardhamAgadhI divyadhvaniko gaNadharoMne dvAdazAMgI rUpameM gUMthA thA / usa samaya una ardhamAgadhI bhASAmaya dvAdazAMga AgamoMkI paramparA zruta aura smRta rUpameM rahI, lipibaddha nahIM thI / ina AgamoMkA AkharI saMkalana vIra saM0 980 ( vi0 510 ) meM zvetA1. dekho, premIjIkA 'jainendravyAkaraNa aura AcAryadevanandI' lekha jainasA0 saM0 bhAga 1, aMka 2 /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 157 mbarAcArya devaddhigaNi kSamAzramaNane kiyA thA / aMgagraMthoMke sivAya kucha aMgabAhya yA anaMgAtmaka zruta bhI haiM / chedasUtra anaMgazrutameM zAmila hai| A0 prabhAcandrane nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 868 ) ke strImuktivAdake pUrvapakSa meM kalpasUtra ( 5 / 20 ) se "no kappai NiggaMthIe acelAe hottae" yaha sUtravAkya uddhRta kiyA hai| tattvArtha bhASyakAra aura prabhAcandra - tattvArthasUtrake do sUtrapATha pracalita haiN| eka to vaha, jisapara svayaM vAcaka umAsvAtikA svopajJabhASya prasiddha haiM, aura dUsarA vaha jisapara pUjyapAdakRta sarvArthasiddhi hai / digambara paramparAmeM pUjyapAdasammata sUtrapATha aura zvetAmbaraparamparAmeM bhASyasammata sUtrapATha pracalita hai / umAsvAtike svopajJabhASyake kartRtva ke viSayameM Ajakala vivAda cala rahA / mukhtArasA0 Adi kucha vidvAn bhASyakI umAsvAtikartRkatAke viSayameM sandigdha haiM / A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArttaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandrameM digambara sUtrapAThase hI sUtra uddhRta kie haiN| unhoMne nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 859 ) ke strImuktivAdake pUrvapakSa meM tattvArtha bhASyako sambandhakArikAoM meM se "zrUyante cAnantAH sAmAyika mAtra saMsiddhAH" kArikAMza uddhRta kiyA hai / tattvArtha rAjavArtika ( pR0 10 ) meM bhI " anaMtA: sAmAyikamAtra siddhAH " vAkya uddhRta milatA hai / isI taraha tattvArthabhASya ke anta meM pAI jAnevAlI 32 kArikAe~ rAjavArtikake anta meM 'uktaJca' likhakara uddhata hai / pR0 36 meM bhASyakI 'dagdhe bIje' kArikA uddhRta kI gaI hai / ityAdi pramANoM ke AdhArase yaha niHsaGkoca kahA jA sakatA hai ki prastuta bhASya akalaGkadeva ke sAmane bhI thA / unane isake kucha mantavyoMkI samIkSA bhI kI hai| siddhasena aura prabhAcandra - A0 siddhasena ke sanmatitarka, nyAyAvatAra, dvAtriMzat dvAtriMzatikA grantha prasiddha haiM / inake sanmatitarkapara abhayadevasUrine vistRta vyAkhyA likhI hai / DaoN0 jaikobI nyAyAvatArake pratyakSa lakSaNa meM abhrAnta pada dekhakara inako dharmakIrtikA samakAlIna, arthAt IsAkI 7vIM zatAbdIkA vidvAn mAnate haiM / paM0 sukhalAla jI inheM vikramakI pA~cavIM sadIkA vidvAn siddha karate the / para aba unakA vizvAsa hai ki "siddhasena IsAkI chaThIM yA sAtavIM sadImeM hue hoM aura unhoMne saMbhavataH dharmakIrtike granthoM ko dekhA ho / " nyAyAvatArakI racanAyeM nyAyapravezake sAtha hI sAtha nyAyabindu bhI apanA yatkiJcit sthAna rakhatA hI / A0 prabhAcandrane nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 437 ) meM pakSaprayogakA samarthana karate samaya 'dhAnuSka' dRSTAnta diyA hai / isakI tulanA nyAyAvatArake zloka 14-16 se bhalIbhA~ti kI jA sakatI haiM / na kevala mUlazloka se hI, kintu ina zlokoMkI siddharSikRta vyAkhyA bhI nyAyakumudacandra kI zabdaracanAse tulanIya hai / dharmadAsagaNa aura prabhAcandra - zve0 AcArya dharmadAsagaNikA upadezamAlA grantha prAkRtagAthA nibaddha hai / prasiddhi to yaha rahI ki ye mahAvIrasvAmIke dIkSita ziSya the / para yaha itihAsaviruddha hai; kyoMki inhoMne apanI upadezamAlA meM vajrasUri Adike nAma lie haiM / astu / upadezamAlApara siddharSisUrikRta prAcIna TIkA upalabdha hai / 3 siddharSine upamitibhavaprapaJcAkathA vi0 saM0 962 jyeSTha zuddha paMcamIke dina samApta kI thI / ataH dharmadAsagaNikI uttarAvadhi vikramakI 9vIM zatAbdI mAnanemeM koI bAdhA nahIM hai / prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArttaNDa ( pR0 330 ) meM upadezamAlA ( gA0 15 ) kI varisasaya dikkhayAe ajjAe ajja dikkhio sAhU' ityAdi gAthA pramANarUpase uddhRta kI hai / haribhadra aura prabhAcandra - A0 haribhadra zve0 sampradAyake yugapradhAna AcAryoMmeMse haiM / kahA jAtA 1. dekho, gujarAtI sanmatitarka, pR0 40 / 2. iMgliza sanmatitarkakI prastAvanA / 3. jaina sAhityano itihAsa, pR0 186 /
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________________ 158 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha hai ki inhoMne 1400 ke karIba granthoMkI racanA kI thii| muni zrI jinavijayajIne aneka prabala pramANoMse inakA samaya I0 700 se 770 taka nirdhArita kiyA hai| merA isameM itanA saMzodhana hai-ki inake samayakI uttarAvadhi I0 810 taka honI cAhie; kyoMki jayanta bhaTTakI nyAyamaMjarIkA 'gambhIragajitArambha' zloka SaDdarzanasamuccayameM zAmila huA hai| maiM vistArase likha cukA hU~ ki jayantane apanI maMjarI I0 800 ke karIba banAI hai ataH haribhadrake samayakI uttarAvadhi kucha aura lambAnI caahie| usa yugameM 100 varSakI Ayu to sAdhAraNatayA aneka AcAryoMkI dekhI gaI hai| haribhadrasUrike dArzanika granthoM meM 'SaDdarzanasamuccaya' eka viziSTa sthAna rakhatA hai / isakA "pratyakSamanumAnaJca zabdazcopamayA sh| arthApattirabhAvazca SaT pramANAni jaimineH / / 73 / / " yaha zloka nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 505 ) meM uddhRta hai / yadyapi isI bhAvakA eka zloka-''pratyakSamanumAnazca zAbdaJcopamayA saha / arthApattirabhAvazca SaDete sAdhyasAdhakAH // " isa zabdAvalIke sAtha kamalazIlakI tattvasaMgrahapaJjikA (10 450 ) meM milatA hai aura usase saMbhAvanA kI jA sakatI hai ki jaiminikI SaTapramANasaMkhyAkA nidarzaka yaha zloka kisI jaiminimatAnuyAyI AcAryake granthase liyA gayA hogaa| yaha saMbhAvanA hRdayako lagatI bhI hai| parantu jabataka isakA prasAdhaka koI samartha pramANa nahI milatA tabataka use haribhadrakRta mAnane meM hI lAghava hai| aura bahuta kucha saMbhava hai ki prabhAcandra ne ise SaDdarzanasamuccayase hI uddhata kiyA ho / haribhadra ne apane granthoMmeM pUrvapakSake pallavana aura uttarapakSake poSaNake lie anyagraMthakAroMkI kArikAe~, paryApta mAtrAmeM, kahIM una AcAryoMke nAmake sAtha aura kahIM vinA nAma lie hI zAmila kI haiN| ataH kArikAoMke viSayameM yaha nirNaya karanA bahuta kaThina ho jAtA hai ki ye kArikAe~ haribhadrakI svaracita haiM yA anyaracita hokara saMgrahIta hai ? isakA eka aura udAharaNa yaha hai ki "vijJAnaM vedanA saMjJA saMskAro rUpameva c| samudeti yato loke rAgAdInAM gaNo'khilaH / / AtmAtmIyasvabhAvAkhyaH samudAyaH sa sammataH / kSaNikAH sarvasaMskArA ityevaM vAsanA yakA // sa mArga iti vijJeyo nirodho mokSa ucyate / paJcendriyANi zabdAdyA viSayAH paJca mAnasam / / dharmAyatanametAni dvAdazAyatanAni ca." ye cAra zloka SaDdarzanasamuccayake bauddhadarzanameM maujUda haiN| isI AnupUrvose ye hI zloka kiJcit zabdabhedake sAtha jinasenake AdipurANa ( parva 5, zloka 42-45 ) meM bhI vidyamAna haiN| racanAse to jJAta hotA hai ki ye zloka kisI bauddhAcAryane banAe hoMge, aura usI bauddha granthase SaDdarzanasamuccaya aura AdiparANameM pahu~ce hoN| haribhadra aura jinasena prAyaH samakAlIna haiM, ataH yadi ye zloka haribhadrake hokara AdipurANameM Ae haiM to ise usa samayake asAmpradAyika bhAvakI mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA samajhanI cAhie / haribhadra ne to zAstravArtAsamuccayameM samantabhadrakI AptamImAMsAke zloka uddhRtakara apanI SaDdarzanasamuccAyaka buddhike preraNA bIjako hI mUrtarUpameM aMkurita kiyA hai| yadi nyAyapravezavRttikAra haribhadra ye hI haribhadra haiM to usa vRtti ( pR0 13 ) meM pAI jAnevAlI pakSazabdakI 'pacyate vyaktIkriyate yo'rthaH saH pakSaH' isa vyutpattikI aspaSTa chAyA nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 438 ) meM kI gaI pakSakI vyutpattipara AbhAsita hotI hai|
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________________ 4/ viziSTa nibandha : 159 siddhaSi aura prabhAcandra-zrIsiddharSigaNi zve0 AcArya durgasvAmIke ziSya the| inhoMne jyeSTha zaklA paMcamI, vikrama saMvat 962 ( 1 maI 906 I0) ke dina upamitibhavaprapaJcA kathA ko samApti kI thii| siddhasena divAkarake nyAyAvatArapara bhI inakI eka TIkA upalabdha hai / nyAyAvatAra ( zlo0 16 ) meM pakSaprayogake samarthanake prasaMgameM likhA hai ki-"jisa taraha lakSya nirdezake vinA apanI dhanurvidyAkA pradarzana karanevAle dhanurdhArIke guNa-doSoMkA yathAvat nirNaya nahIM ho sakatA, guNa bhI doSarUpase tathA doSa bhI guNarUpase pratibhAsita ho sakate haiM, usI taraha pakSakA prayoga kie binA sAdhanavAdIke sAdhana sambandhI guNa-doSa bhI viparIta rUpameM pratibhAsita ho sakate haiM, prAznika tathA prativAdI Adiko unakA yathAvat nirNaya nahIM ho sktaa|" nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 437 ) ke 'prakSaprayogavicAra' prakaraNameM bhI pakSaprayogake samarthanameM dhanurdhArIkA dRSTAnta diyA gayA hai| usakI zabdaracanA tathA bhAvavyaJjanAmeM nyAyAvatArake malazlokake sAtha hI sAtha siddharSikRta vyAkhyAkA bhI paryApta zabdasAdRzya pAyA jAtA hai| avataraNoMke lie dekho-nyAyakumadacandra, pR0 437, Ti0 1 / abhayadeva aura prabhAcandra-candragacchameM pradyumnasUri bar3e khyAta AcArya the| abhayadevasUri inhoM pradyumnasUrike ziSya the / nyAyavanasiMha aura tarkapaJcAnana inake viruda the| sanmatitarkakI gujarAtI prastAvanA (pR0 83 ) meM zrImAn paM0 sukhalAlajI aura paM0 becaradAsajIne inakA samaya vikramakI dazavIM sadIkA uttarAdha aura gyArahavIMkA pUrvArdha nizcita kiyA hai| uttarAdhyayanakI pAiyaTIkAke racayitA zAntisUrine uttarAdhyayanaTIkAkI prazastimeM eka abhayadevako pramANavidyAkA guru likhA hai / paM0 sukhalAlajIne zAntisUrike gururUpameM inhIM abhayadevasUrikI saMbhAvanA kI hai| prabhAvakacaritrake ullekhAnusAra zAntisUrikA svargavAsa vi0 saM0 1096meM huA thA / inhIM zAntisUrine dhanapAlakavikI tilakamaJjarI AkhyAyikAkA saMzodhana kiyA thA, aura usapara eka TippaNa likhA thA / dhanapAla kavi muJja tathA bhoja donoMkI rAjasabhAoM meM sammAnita hae the| ina saba ghaTanAoMko maddenajara rakhate hue abhayadevasUrikA samaya vikramakI gyArahavIM zatAbdIke antima bhAga taka mAna lene meM koI bAdhA pratIta nahIM hotii| abhayadevasUrikI prAmANikaprakANDatAkA jIvanta rUpa unakI sanmatiTIkAmeM pada-padapara milatA hai| isa suvistRta TIkAko 'vAdamahArNava' ke nAmase bhI prasiddhi rahI hai| prabhAcandra ke nyAyakumudacandrakI apekSA prameyakamalamArtaNDakA akalpita sAdRzya isa TIkAmeM pAyA jAtA hai| abhayadevasUrine sanmatiTIkAmeM strImukti aura kevalikavalAhArakA samarthana kiyA hai| isameM dI gaI dalIloMmeM tathA prabhAcandrake dvArA kie gae ukta vAdoMke khaNDanakI yuktiyoM meM paraspara koI pUrvottarapakSatA nahIM dekhI jaatii| abhayadeva, zAntisUri aura prabhAcandra karIba-karIba samakAlIna aura samadezIya the / isalie yaha adhika saMbhava thA ki strImukti aura kevalibhukti jaise sAmpradAyika prakaraNoMmeM eka dUsarekA khaMDana karate / para hama inake granthoMmeM paraspara khaMDana nahIM dekhate / isakA kAraNa merI samajhameM to yahI AtA hai ki usa samaya digambara AcArya yApanIyoM ke sAtha hI isa viSayakI carcA karate hoNge| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba prabhAcandrane zAkaTAyanake strImukti aura kevalibhukti prakaraNoMkA hI zabdazaH khaMDana kiyA hai taba zvetAmbarAcArya abhayadeva aura zAntisUrine zAkaTAyanakI dalIloMke AdhArase hI apane graMthoMke ukta prakaraNa puSTa kie hai| vAdidevasUrine avazya hI prabhAcandrake granthoM ke ukta prakaraNoMko pUrvapakSameM prabhAcandrakA nAma lekara upasthita kiyA hai| sanmatitake sampAdaka zrImAn paM0 sukhalAlajI aura becaradAsajIne sanmatitarka prathama bhAga (pR0 13) kI gujarAtI prastAvanAmeM likhA hai ki-'jI ke A TIkAmA~ saikar3oM dArzanikagranthoM nu dohana jaNAya che, 1. gujarAtI sanmatitarka, pR0 84 /
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________________ 160 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha chatA sAmAnyarIte mImAMsakakumArilabhaTTanu zlokavArtika, nAlandAvizvavidyAlayanA AcArya zAntarakSitakRta tattvasaMgraha UparanI kamalazIlakRta paMjikA ane digambarAcArya prabhAcandranA prameyakamalamArtaNDa ane nyAyakumadacandrodaya vigere granthoMrne pratibimba mukhyapaNe A TokAmA~ cha / ' arthAt sanmatitarkaTIkApara mImAMsAzlokavArtika, tattvasaMgrahapaMjikA, prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakUmadacandra Adi granthoMkA pratibimba par3A hai / sanmatitarkake vidvadrupa sampAdakoMkI ukta bAtase sahamati rakhate hue bhI maiM usameM itanA parivardhana aura kara denA cAhatA hU~ ki-'prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrakA sanmatitarkase zabdasAdRzya mAtra sAkSAt bimbapratibimbabhAva honeke kAraNa hI nahIM hai, kintu tInoM granthoMke bahubhAgameM jo akalpita sAdRzya pAyA jAtA hai vaha tRtIyarAzimUlaka bhI hai / ye tRtIya rAzike grantha hai-bhaTTajayasiMharAzikA tattvopaplavasiMha, vyomazivako vyomavatI, jayantako nyAyamaJjarI, zAntarakSita aura kamalazolakRta tattvasaMgraha aura usakI paMjikA tathA vidyAnandake aSTasahasrI, tattvArthazlokavArtika, pramANaparIkSA, AptaparIkSA Adi prakaraNa / inhoM tRtIyarAzike granthoMkA pratibimba sanmatiTokA aura prameyakamalamArtaNDameM AyA hai|" sanmatitarkaTIkA, prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrakA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karanese yaha spaSTa mAlama hotA hai ki sanmatitarkakA prameyakamalamArtaNDake sAtha hI adhika zabdamAdRzya hai / nyAyakumudacandrameM jahA~ bhI yatkiJcit sAdRzya dekhA jAtA hai vaha prameyakamalamArtaNDaprayukta ho hai sAkSAta nhiiN| arthAta prameyakamalamArtaNDake jina prakaraNoMke jisa sandarbhase sanmatitarkakA sAdRzya hai unhIM prakaraNoMmeM nyAyakUmadacandrase bhI zabdasAdRzya pAyA jAtA hai / isase yaha takaNA kI jA sakatI hai ki-sanmatitarkakI racanAke samaya nyAyakUmadacandrakI racanA nahIM ho sakI thI / nyAyakumudacandra jayasiMhadevake rAjyameM san 1057 ke AsapAsa racA gayA thA jaisA ki usakI antima prazastise vidita hai / sanmatitarkaTIkA, prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA nyAyakumadacandrakI tulanAke lie dekho prameyakamalamArtaNDa prathama adhyAyake TippaNa tathA nyAyakumudacandra ke TippaNoMmeM die gae sanmatiTIkAke avataraNa / vAdi devasUri aura prabhAcandra-'devasUri zrImunicandrasUrike ziSya the / prabhAvakacaritrake lekhAnusAra municandrane zAntisUrise pramANavidyAkA adhyayana kiyA thaa| ye prAgvATavaMzake ratna the| inhoMne vi0 meM garjara dezako apane janmase pUta kiyA thaa| ye bhaDoMca nagarameM 9 varSakI alpavayameM vi0 saM0 1152meM dIkSita hae the tathA vi0 saM0 1174meM inhoMne AcAryapada pAyA thaa| rAjarSi kumArapAlake rAjyakAlameM vi0 saM0 1226meM inakA svargavAsa huaa| prasiddha hai ki-vi0 saM0 1181 vaizAkha zuddha pUrNimAke dina siddharAjakI sabhAmeM inakA digambaravAdI kumudacandrase vAda huA thA aura isI vAdameM vijaya pAneke kAraNa devasUri vAdi devasari kahe jAne lage the| inhoMne pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAra nAmaka sUtra grantha tathA isI sUtrakI syAdvAdaratnAkara nAmaka vistRta vyAkhyA likhI hai / inakA pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAra mANikyanandikRta parIkSAmakhasUtrakA apane DhaMgase kiyA gayA dUsarA saMskaraNa hI hai| inhoMne parIkSAmakhake 6 paricchedoMkA viSaya ThIka usI kramase apane sUtrake Adya 6 paricchedoMmeM yatkiJcit zabdabheda tathA arthabhedake sAtha grathita kiyA hai| parIkSAmakhake atirikta isameM nayapariccheda nAmaka do pariccheda aura jor3e gae haiM / mANikyanandike sUtroMke sivAya akalaMkake svavivRtiyukta laghIyastraya, nyAyavinizcaya tathA vidyAnandake tattvArthazlokavArtikakA bhI paryApta sAhAyya isa sUtragranthameM liyA gayA hai| isa taraha bhinna-bhinna granthoMmeM vizakalita jaina-padArthoMkA zabda evaM arthadRSTise sundara saMkalana isa sUtragranthameM huA hai| parIkSAmukhasUtrapara prabhAcandrakRta prameyakamalamArtaNDa nAmakI vistRta vyAkhyA hai tathA akalaMkadevake laghIyastrayapara inhIM prabhAcandrakA nyAyakumudacandra nAmakA bRhatkAya TIkAgrantha hai / prabhAcandrane ina mala graMthoMkI 1, dekho, jaina sAhityano itihAsa, pR0 248 /
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________________ 4/ viziSTa nibandha : 161 vyAkhyAke sAtha hI sAtha malagranthase sambaddha viSayoMpara vistRta lekha bhI likhe haiN| ina lekhoMmeM vividha vikalpajAloMse parapakSakA khaMDana kiyA gayA hai| prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra ke tIkSNa evaM Aha lAdaka prakAzameM jaba hama syAdvAdaratnAkarako tulanAtmaka dRSTise dekhate haiM taba vAdidevasUrikI guNagrAhiNI saMgrahadRSTikI prazaMsA kie binA nahIM raha sakate / inakI saMgrAhaka bIjabuddhi prameyakamalamArtaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandrase artha zabda aura bhAvoMko itane cetazcamakAraka DhaMgase cuna letI hai ki akele syAdvAdaratnAkarake par3ha lenese nyAyakumudacandra tathA prameyakamalamArtaNDakA yAvadviSaya vizada rItise avagata ho jAtA hai| vastutaH yaha ratnAkara ukta donoM graMthoMke zabda-artha ratnoMkA sundara Akara hI hai / yaha ratnAkara mArtaNDako apekSA candra ( nyAyakumudacandra ) se hI adhika udvelita huA hai / prakaraNoMke krama baura pUrvapakSa tathA uttarapakSake jamAnekI paddhatimeM kahIM-kahIM to nyAyakumudacandrakA itanA adhika zabdasAdRzya hai ki donoM granthoMko pAThazuddhi meM eka dUsarekA mUlapratikI taraha upayoga kiyA jA sakatA hai / pratibimbavAda nAmaka prakaraNameM vAdi devasUrine apane ratnAkara (pR0 865 ) meM nyAyakumudacandra (pR0 455) meM nirdiSTa prabhAcandrake matake khaMDana karanekA prayAsa kiyA hai| prabhAcandrakA mata hai ki-pratibimbakI utpattimeM jala Adi dravya upAdAna kAraNa haiM tathA candra Adi bimba nimittakAraNa / candrAdi bimboMkA nimitta pAkara jala Adike paramANu pratibimbAkArase pariNata ho jAte haiN| vAdi devasUri kahate haiM ki-makhAdibimboMse chAyApudgala nikalate haiM aura ve jAkara darpaNa AdimeM pratibimba utpanna karate haiN| yahA~ chAyApudgaloMkA mukhAdi bimboMse nikalanekA siddhAnta devasUrine apane pUrvAcArya zrIharibhadrasUrika dharmasAraprakaraNakA anusaraNa karake likhA hai| ve isa samaya yaha bhUla jAte haiM ki hama apane hI granthameM naiyAyikoMke cakSuse razmiyoMke nikalaneke siddhAntakA khaMDana kara cuke haiM / jaba hama bhAsurarUpavAlI A~khase bhI razmiyoMkA nikalanA yukti evaM anubhavase viruddha batAte haiM taba makha Adi malina bimboMse chAyApudgaloMke nikalanekA samarthana kisa taraha kiyA jA sakatA hai ? majedAra bAta to yaha hai ki isa prakaraNameM bhI vAdi devasUri nyAyakumudacandra ke sAthahI sAtha prameyakamalamArtaNDakA bhI zabdazaH anusaraNa karate haiM, aura nyAyakUmadacandrameM nidiSTa prabhAcandrake matake khaMDanakI dhanameM svayaM hI prameyakamalamAsaNDake usI Azayake zabdoMko siddhAnta mAna baiThate haiN| ve ratnAkarameM (pR0 698 ) hI prameyakamalamArtaNDakA zabdAnu saraNa karate hue likha jAte haiM ki-"svacchatAvizeSAddhi jala darpaNAdayo mukhAdityAdipratibimbAkAravikAradhAriNaH sampadyante |"-arthaat vizeSa svacchatAke kAraNa jala aura darpaNa Adi hI mukha aura sUrya Adi bimboMke AkAravAlI paryAyoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM / kavalAhArake prakaraNa meM inhoMne prabhAcandake nyAyakumudacandra aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa meM dI gaI dalIloMkA nAmollekha pUrvaka pUrvapakSameM nirdeza kiyA hai aura unakA apanI dRSTise khaMDana bhI kiyA hai| isa taraha vAdi devasarine jaba ratnAkara likhanA prArambha kiyA hogA taba unakI A~khoM ke sAmane prabhAcandra ke ye donoM grantha barAbara nAcate rahe haiN| hemacandra aura prabhAcandra-vikramakI 12vIM zatAbdImeM A0 hemacandrase jainasAhityake hemayugakA prArambha hotA hai / hemacandra ne vyAkaraNa, kAvya, chanda, yoga, nyAya Adi sAhityake sabhI vibhAgoMpara apanI praur3ha saMgrAhaka lekhanI calAkara bhAratIya sAhityake bhaMDArako khUba samRddha kiyA hai| apane bahumukha pANDityake kAraNa ye 'kalikAlamarvajJa' ke nAmase bhI khyAta hai| inakA janma-samaya kArtikI pUrNimA vikramasaMvat 1145 hai / vi0 saM0 1154 ( I0 san 1097 ) meM 8 varSakI laghuvayameM inhoMne dIkSA dhAraNa kI thI / vikramasaMvat 1166 ( I0 san 1110 ) meM 21 varSakI avasthA sUripada para pratiSThita hue| ye mahArAja japasiMha 4-21
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________________ 162 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha siddharAja tathA rAjarSi kumArapAlakI rAjasabhAoMmeM sabahamAna labdhapratiSTha the| vi0 saM0 1229 ( I0 1173 ) meM 84 varSakI AyumeM ye divaMgata hue| inakI nyAyaviSayaka racanA pramANamImAMsA jainanyAyake granthoM meM apanA eka viziSTa sthAna rakhatI hai| pramANamImAMsAke nigrahasthAnake nirUpaNa aura khaMDanake samace prakaraNameM tathA anekAntameM die gae ATha doSoMke parihArake prasaMgameM prabhAcandrake prameyakamalamArtaNDakA zabdazaH anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai| pramANamImAMsAke anya sthaloMmeM prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArtaNDakI chApa sAkSAt na par3akara prameyaratnamAlAke dvArA par3I hai| prameyaratnamAlAkAra anantavIryane prameyakamalamArtaNDako hI saMkSiptakara prameyaratnamAlAkI racanA kI hai| ataH madhyakadavAlI pramANamImAMsAmeM bahatkAya prameyakamalamArtaNDakA sIdhA anusaraNa na hokara apane samAna parimANavAlI prameyaratnamAlAkA anusaraNa honA hI adhika saMgata mAlama hotA hai| pramANamImAMsAke prAyaH pratyeka prakaraNapara prameyaratnamAlAkI zabdaracanAne apanI spaSTa chApa lagAI hai| isa taraha A0 hemacandrane kahIM sAkSAt aura kahIM paramparayA prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArtaNDako apanI pramANamImAMsA banAte samaya maddenajara rakhA hai| prameyaratnamAlA aura pramANamImAMsAka sthaloMkI tulanA ke lie siMghI sIrijase prakAzita pramANamomAMsAke bhASA TippaNa dekhanA caahie| malayagiri aura prabhAcandra-vikramakI 12vIM zatAbdIkA uttarArdha tathA terahavIM zatAbdIkA prArambha jainasAhityakA hemayuga kahA jAtA hai| isa yugameM A0 hemacandrake sahavihArI, prakhyAta TIkAkAra AcArya malayagiri hue the / malayagirine Avazyaka nirya kti, odhaniyukti, nandIsatra Adi anekoM AgamikagranthoMpara saMskRta TIkAe~ likhI haiM / Avazyaka niyuktikI TIkA ( pR0 371 A.) meM ve akalaMkadevake 'nayavAkyameM bhI syAtpadakA prayoga karanA cAhie' isa matase asahamati jAhira karate haiM / isI prasaMgameM ve pUrvapakSarUpase laghIyastrayasvavivRti ( kA0 62) kA 'nayo'pi tathaiva samyagekAntaviSayaH syAta' yaha vAkya uddhata karate haiM / aura isa vAkyake sAtha hI sAtha prabhAcandra kRta nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 691 ) se ukta vAkyakI vyAkhyA bhI uddhRta karate haiM / vyAkhyAkA uddharaNa isa prakArase liyA gayA hai-"atra TIkAkAreNa vyAkhyA kRtA nayo'pi nayapratipAdakamapi vAkyaM na kevalaM pramANavAkyamityapizabdArthaH, tathaiva syAtpadaprayogaprakAreNaiva samyagekAntaviSayaH syAta, yathA syAdastyeva jIva iti syAtpadaprayogAbhAve tu mithyakAntagocaratayA durnaya eva syAditi |"-is avataraNase yaha nizcita ho jAtA hai ki malayagirike sAmane laghIyastrayakI nyAyakumudacandra nAmako vyAkhyA thii| akalaMkadevane pramANa, naya aura durnayakI nimnalikhita paribhASAe~ kI haiM-anantadharmAtmaka vastuko akhaMDabhAvase grahaNa karanevAlA jJAna pramANa hai| ekadharmako mukhya tathA anyadharmoMko gauNa karanevAlA, unako apekSA rakhanevAlA jJAna naya hai| ekadharmako hI grahaNa karake jo anya dharmoMkA niSedha karatA hai-unakI apekSA nahIM rakhatA vaha durnaya kahalAtA hai / akalaMkane pramANavAkyakI taraha nayavAkyameM bhI nayAntarasApekSatA dikhAne ke lie 'syAt' padake prayogakA vidhAna kiyA hai| A0 malayagiri kahate haiM ki jaba nayavAkyameM syAtpadakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai taba 'syAt' zabdase sUcita honevAle anya azeSavarmoMko bhI viSaya karaneke kAraNa nayavAkya nayarUpa na hokara pramANarUpa hI ho jAyagA / inake matase jo naya eka dharmako avadhAraNapUrvaka viSaya karake itaranayase nirapekSa rahatA hai vahI naya kahA jA sakatA hai / isIlie inhoMne sabhI nayoMko mithyAvAda kahA hai| malayagirike koSameM sunaya nAmakA koI zabda hI nahIM hai / jaba syAtpadakA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai taba vaha pramANakoTimeM pahu~cegA tathA jaba nayAntaranirapekSa rahegA taba vaha nayakoTimeM jAkara mithyAvAda ho jaaygaa| inhoMne akalaMkadevake isa tattvako madde
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________________ 4/ viziSTa nibandha : 163 najara nahIM rakhA ki-nayavAkyameM syAt zabdase sUcita honevAle azeSadharmoMkA mAtra sadbhAva hI jAnA jAtA hai, so bhI isalie ki koI vAdI unakA aikAntika niSedha na samajha le| pramANavAkyakI taraha nayavAkyameM syAcchabdase sUcita honevAle azeSadharma pradhAnabhAvase viSaya nahIM hote / yahI to pramANa aura nayameM bheda hai ki-jahA~ gaNameM azeSa hI dharma ekarUpase-akhaNDabhAvase viSaya hote haiM vahA~ nayameM ekadharma mukhya hokara anya azeSadharma gauNa ho jAte haiM, 'syAt' zabdase mAtra unakA sadbhAva sUcita hotA rahatA hai / durnayameM ekadharma hI viSaya hokara anya azeSadharmoMkA tiraskAra ho jAtA hai| ataH durnayase sunayakA pArthakya karaneke lie sunayavAkyameM syAtpadakA prayoga Avazyaka hai| malayagirike dvArA kI gaI akalaMkakI yaha samAlocanA unhIM taka sImita rhii| hemacandra Adi sabhI AcArya akalaMkake ukta pramANa, naya aura durnayake vibhAgako nirvivAdarUpase mAnate Ae haiN| itanA hI nahIM, upAdhyAya yazovijayane malagirikI isa samAlocanAkA sayuktika uttara gurutattvavinizcaya (pR0 17 B. ) meM de hI diyA hai / upAdhyAyajI likhate haiM ki yadi nayAntarasApekSa nayakA pramANameM antarbhAva kiyA jAyagA to vyavahAranaya tathA zabdanaya bhI pramANa hI ho jAya~ge / nayavAkyameM honevAlA syAtpadakA prayoga to aneka dharmokA mAtra dyotana karatA hai, vaha unheM vivakSitadharmakI taraha nayavAkyakA viSaya nahIM banAtA / isalie nayavAkyameM mAtra syAtpadakA prayoga honese vaha pramANa koTimeM nahIM pahu~ca sktaa| devabhadra aura prabhAcandra-devabhadrasUri maladhArigacchake zrIcandrasUrike ziSya the| inhoMne nyAyAvatAraTIkApara eka TippaNa likhA hai| zrIcandrasUrine vi0 saMvat 1193 ( san 1136) ke divAlIke dina 'manisuvratacaritra' pUrNa kiyA thA / ataH inake sAkSAt ziSya devabhadrakA samaya bhI karIba san 1950 se 1200 taka sunizcita hotA hai| devabhadrane apane nyAyAvatAra TippagameM prabhAcandrakRta nyAyakUmadacandrake nimnalikhita do avataraNa lie haiM 1-"parimaNDalAH paramANavaH teSAM bhAvaH "pArimaNDalyaM vartulatvam, nyAyakumudacandre prabhAcandreNApyevaM vyAkhyAtatvAt / " ( pR0 25) 2-'prabhAcandrastu nyAyakumudacandre vibhASA saddharmapratipAdako granthavizeSaH tAM vidanti adhIyate vA vaibhASikAH ityuvAca / " (pR0 79) ye donoM avataraNa nyAyakumudacandrameM kramazaH pR0 438 paM0 13 tathA pR0 390 paM0 1 meM pAe jAte hai| isake sivAya nyAyAvatAraTippaNameM aneka sthAnoMpara nyAyakumudacandrakA pratibimba spaSTarUpase jhalakatA hai| malliSeNa aura prabhAcandra-A0 hemacandrakI anyayogavyavacchedikAke Upara malliSeNakI syAdvAdamaMjarI nAmakI TIkA mudrita hai / ye zvetAmbara sampradAyake nAgendragacchIya zrIudayaprabhasUrike ziSya the / syAdvAdamaMjarIke antameM dI huI prazastise jJAta hotA hai ki-inhoMne zaka saMvat 1214 (I. 1293 ) meM dIpamAlikAkA zanivArake dina jinaprabhasUrikI sahAyatAse syAdvAdamaMjarI pUrNa kI thii| syAdvAdamaMjarIkI zabdaracanApara nyAyakumudacandrakA eka vilakSaNa prabhAva hai| malliSaNane kA0 14kI vyAkhyA vidhivAdakI carcA kI hai| isameM unhoMne vidhivAdiyoMke ATha matoMkA nirdeza kiyA hai| sAthahI sAtha apanI granthamaryAdAke vicArase ina matoMke pUrvapakSa tathA uttarapakSoMke vizeSa parijJAnake lie nyAyakumudacandra grantha dekhanekA anurodha nimnalikhita zabdoMmeM kiyA hai-"eteSAM nirAkaraNaM sapUrvottarapadaM nyAyakumudacandrAdavaseyam / " isa vAkyase spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki malliSeNa na kevala nyAyakumudacandrake viziSTa abhyAsI hI the kintu ve syAdvAdamaMjarImeM 1. jaina sAhityano saMkSipta itihAsa, pR0 253 /
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________________ 164 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha acacita yA alpacita viSayoMke jJAnake lie nyAyakumudacandrako pramANabhUta Akaragrantha mAnate the / nyAyakumudacandrameM vidhivAdakI vistRta caracA 10 573 se 598 taka hai| guNaratna aura prabhAcandra-vikramakI 15vIM zatAbdIke uttarArdhameM tapAgacchameM divasundarasUri eka prabhAvaka AcArya hue the| inake paTTaziSya guNaratnasUrine haribhadrakRta 'SaDdarzanasamuccaya' para tarkarahasyadIpikA nAmakI bRhadvRtti likhI hai| guNaratnasUrine apane kriyAratnasamuccaya ranthako pratiyoMkA lekhanakAla vikrama saMvat 1468 diyA hai / ataH inakA samaya bhI vikramakI 15vIM sadIkA uttarArdha sunizcita hai| guNaraslasarine SaDdarzanasamuccaya TIkAke jainamata nirUpaNameM mokSatattvakA savistara vizada vivecana kiyA hai / isa prakaraNameM inhoMne svAbhimata mokSasvarUpake samarthanake sAthahI sAtha vaizeSika, sAkhya, vedAntI tathA bauddhoMke dvArA mAne gae mokSasvarUpakA bar3e vistArase nirAkaraNa bhI kiyA hai / isa parakhaMDanake bhAgame nyAyakumudacandrakA mAtra artha aura bhAvakI dRSTise hI nahIM, kintu zabdaracanA tathA yuktiyoMke koTikramakI dRSTise bhI paryApta anusaraNa kiyA gayA hai / isa prakaraNameM nyAyakumudacandrakA itanA adhika zabdasAdRzya hai ki isase nyAyakumudacandrake pAThakI zabdazaddhi karane meM bhI paryApta sahAyatA milI hai| isake sivAya isa vRtti ke anya sthaloMpara khAsakara parapakSa khaMDanake bhAgoMpara nyAyakUmadacandrakI zabhrajyotsnA jahA~-tahA~ chiTaka rahI hai| yazovijaya aura prbh|cndr--upaadhyaay yazovijayajI vikramako 18vIM sadIke yugapravartaka vidvAn the / inhoMne vikrama saMvata 1688 (IsvI 1631 ) meM paM0 nayavijayajIke pAsa dIkSA grahaNa kI thii| inhoMne kAzImeM navyanyAyakA adhyayanakara vAdameM kisI vidvAna para vijaya pAnese 'nyAyavizArada' pada prApta kiyA thA / zrIvijayaprabhasUrine vi0 saM0 1718 meM inheM 'vAcaka-upAdhyAya' kA sammAnita pada diyA thaa| upAdhyAya yazovijaya vi0 saM0 1743 ( san 1686 ) meM anazana pUrvaka svargastha hue the / dazavIM zatAbdIse hI navyanyAyake vikAsane bhAratIya darzanazAstrameM eka apUrva krAnti utpanna kara do thii| yadyapi dasavIM sadIke bAda anekoM buddhizAlI jainAcArya hae para koI bhI usa navyanyAyake zabdajAlake jaTila adhyayanameM nahIM pdd'aa| upAdhyAya yazovijaya hI ekamAtra jainAcArya hai jinhoMne navyanyAyakA samagra adhyayanakara uso navyapaddhatise jainapadArthoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| inhoMne saikar3oM grantha banAe hai| inakA adhyayana atyanta talasparzI tathA bahumukhI thaa| sabhI pUrvavartI jainAcAryoMke granthoMkA inhoMne vidhivat pArAyaNa kiyaa| inakI tokSNa dRSTise dharmabhUSaNayatikI choTIsI para suvizada racanAvAlI nyAyadIpikA bhI nahIM chttii| jainatarkabhASAmeM aneka jagaha nyAyadIpikAke zabda AnupUrvIse le lie gae hai| inake zAstravAsimaccayaTokA Adi bahadgranthoM khaMDanayAle aMzoMmeM prabhAcandrake vividha vikalpajAla spaSTarUpase pratibimbita hai / inhoMne prabhAcandrakA kevala anusaraNa hI nahIM kiyA hai kintu sAmpradAyika strImukti aura kavalAhAra jaise prakaraNoMme prabhAcandra ke mantavyoMkI samAlocanA bhI kI hai| __uparilikhita vaidika-avaidikadarzanoMkI tulanAse prabhAcandra ke agAdha, talasparzI, sUkSma dArzanika adhyayanakA yatkiJcita AbhAsa ho jAtA hai| binA isa prakArake bahazrata avalokanake prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra jaise jainadarzanake pratinidhi granthoMke praNayanakA ullAsa hI nahIM ho sakatA thaa| jainadarzanake madhyayugIna granthoMmeM prabhAcandra ke grantha apamA viziSTa sthAna rakhate haiN| ye pUrvayugIna granthoMkA pratibimba lekara bhI pAradarzI darpaNakI taraha uttarakAlIna granthoMke lie AdhArabhUta hue haiM, aura yahI inakI apanI vizeSatA hai| binA isa AdAna-pradAnake dArzanika sAhityakA vikAsa isa rUpa meM to ho hI nahIM sktaa| 1. dekho-nyAyakumudacandra pR0 816 meM 847 takake TippaNa /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 165 prabhAnandrA AyurvedajJAna-prabhAcandra zuSka tArkika hI nahIM the; kintu unheM jIvanopayogI kA bhI parijJAna thaa| prameyakamalamArtaNDa (50 424 ) meM ve badhiratA tathA anya karNarogoMke lie balAtailakA ullekha karate hai / nyAyakumudacandra (10669 ) meM chAyA Adiko paudgalika siddha karate samaya unameM gaNoMkA sadabhAva dikhAneke lie unane vaidyakazAstrakA nimnalikhita zloka pramANarUpase uddhata kiyA hai 'AtapaH kaTuko rukSaH chAyA mdhurshotlaa| kaSAyamadhurA jyotsnA sarvavyAdhiharaM (karaM ) tamaH // yaha zloka rAjanighaNTu AdimeM kucha pAThabhedake sAtha pAyA jAtA hai| isI taraha vaizeSikoMke guNapadArthakA khaMDana karate samaya ( nyAyaku0, pR0 275 ) vaidyakatantrameM prasiddha vizada, sthira, khara, picchalatva Adi guNoMke nAma lie haiN| prameyakamalamArtaNDa (pR. 8) meM naDvalodaka-tRNavizeSake jalase pAdarogakI utpatti batAI hai| prabhAcandrako kalpanAzakti-sAmAnyataH vastukI anantAtmakatA yA anekadharmAMdhAratAkI siddhike lie akalaMka Adi AcAryone citrajJAna, sAmAnya vizeSa, mecakajJAna aura narasiMha Adike dRSTAnta die haiM / para prabhAcandrane eka hI vastukI anekarUpatAke samarthanake lie nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 369 ) meM 'umezvara' kA dRSTAnta bhI diyA hai / ve likhate haiM ki jaise eka hI ziva vAmAGga meM umA-pArvatIrUpa hokara bhI dakSiNAGgameM virodhI zivarUpako dhAraNa karate hai aura apane ardhanArIzvararUpako dikhAte hue akhaMDa bane rahate haiM usI taraha eka hI vastu virodhI do yA aneka AkAroMko dhAraNa kara sakatI hai| isameM koI virodha nahIM honA caahie| udAravicAra-A0 prabhAcandra sacce tArkika the / unakI tarkaNAzakti aura udAra vicAroMkA spaSTa paricaya brAhmaNatva jAtike khaNDanake prasaGgameM milatA hai| isa prakaraNameM unhoMne brAhmaNatva jAtike nityatva aura ekatvakA khaNDana karake use sadRzapariNamana rUpa hI siddha kiyA hai| ve janmanA jAtikA khaNDana bahuvidha vikalpoMse karate haiM aura spaSTa zabdoMmeM use guNakarmAnusAriNI mAnate haiN| ve brAhmaNatvajAtinimittaka varNAzramavyavasthA aura tapa dAna Adike vyavahArako bhI kriyAvizeSa aura yajJopavIta Adi cihase upalakSita vyakti-vizeSameM hI karanekI salAha dete hai __ "nanu bAhmaNatvAdisAmAnyAnabhyupagame kathaM bhavatAM varNAzramavyavasthA tannibandhano vA tapodAnAdivyavabAra syAta? ityapyacodyamaH kriyAvizeSayajJopavItAdicihnopalakSite vyaktivizeSe tavyavasthAyAH tadvayavahArasya copapatteH / tanna bhavatkalpitaM nityAdisvabhAvaM brAhmaNyaM kutazcidapi pramANAta prasidadhyatIti kriyAvizeSanibandhana evAyaM brAhmaNAdivyavahAro yuktaH / " -nyAyakumudacandra, pR0 778 / prameyakamalamArtaNDa, pR0 486 "prazna-yadi brAhmaNatva Adi jAtiyA~ nahIM hai taba janamatame varNAzramavyavasthA aura brAhmaNatva Adi jAtiyoMse sambandha rakhanevAlA tapa dAna Adi vyavahAra kaise hogA? uttara-jo vyakti yajJopavIta Adi cihnoMko dhAraNa kareM tathA brAhmaNoMke yogya viziSTa kriyAoMkA AcaraNa kareM unameM brAhmaNatva jAtise sambandha rakhanevAlo varNAzramavyavasthA aura tapa dAna Adi vyavahAra bhalIbhA~ti kiye jA sakate hai| ataH Apake dvArA mAnA gayA nitya Adi svabhAvavAlA brAhmaNatva kisI bhI pramANase siddha nahIM hotA, isaliye brAhmaNa Adi vyavahAroMko kriyAnusAra hI mAnanA yuktisaMgata hai|"
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________________ 166 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha ve prameyakamalamArtaNDa ( pR0 487 ) meM aura bhI spaSTatAse likhate haiM ki-"tataH sadRza kriyApariNAmAdinibandhanaiveyaM brAhmaNakSatriyAdivyavasthA-isaliye yaha samasta brAhmaNa, kSatriya Adi vyavasthA sadaza kriyA rUpa sadRza pariNamana Adike nimittase hI hotI hai|" bauddhoMke dhammapada aura zvetAmbara Agama uttarAdhyayanasUtrameM spaSTa zabdoMmeM brAhmaNatva jAtiko guNa aura karmake anusAra batAkara usakI janmanA mAnaneke siddhAntakA khaNDana kiyA hai "na jaTAhiM na gottehi na jaccA hoti brAhmaNo / jamhi saccaM ca dhammo ca so sucI so ca brAhmaNo / / na cAhaM brAhmaNaM bra mi yonija mattisaMbhavaM |"-dhmmpd gAthA 393 "kammuNA baMbhaNo hoi kammuNA hoi khttio| vaIso kammuNA hoi suddo havai kammuNA ||"-uttraa0 25 / 33 digambara AcAryoM meM varAGgacaritrake kartA zrI jaTAsihanandi kitane spaSTa zabdoMmeM jAtiko kriyAnimittaka likhate haiM "kriyAvizeSAd vyavahAramAtrAt dayAbhirakSAkRSizilpabhedAt / ziSTAzca varNAzcaturo vadanti na cAnyathA varNacatuSTayaM syAt // " -varAGgacarita 25 / 11 "ziSTajana ina brAhmaNa Adi cAroM vargoM ko 'ahiMsA Adi vratoMkA pAlana, rakSA karanA, khetI Adi karanA, tathA zilpavRtti' ina cAra prakArakI kriyAoMse hI mAnate haiN| yaha saba varNavyavasthA vyavahAramAtra hai| kriyAke sivAya aura koI varNavyavasthAkA hetu nahIM hai|" aise hI vicAra tathA udgAra padmapurANakAra raviSeNa, AdipurANakAra jinasena, tathA dharmaparIkSAkAra amitagati Adi AcAryoMke pAe jAte haiN| A0 prabhAcandrane, inhIM vaidika saMskRti dvArA anabhibhUta, paramparAgata jainasaMskRtike vizuddha vicAroMkA, apanI prakhara tarkaghArAse parisiMcanakara poSaNa kiyA hai / yadyapi brAhmaNatvajAtike khaNDana karate samaya prabhAcandrane pradhAnatayA usake nityatva aura brahmaprabhavatva Adi aMzoMke khaNDanake lie isa prakaraNako likhA hai aura isake likhane meM prajJAkara guptake pramANavArtikAlaGkAra tathA zAntarakSitake tattvasaMgrahane paryApta preraNA dI hai parantu isase prabhAcandrakI apanI jAti viSayaka svatantra cintanavRttimeM koI kamI nahIM AtI / unhoMne usake hara eka pahalapara vicAra karake hI apane ukta vicAra sthira kie / prabhAcandrakA samaya kAryakSetra aura gurukula-A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nyAyakumudacandra Adiko prazastimeM 'padmanandi siddhAnta' ko apanA guru likhA hai / zravaNabelgolAke zilAlekha ( naM0 40 ) meM gollAcAryake ziSya padmanandi saiddhAntikakA ullekha hai| aura isI zilAlekhameM Age calakara prathitatarkagranthakAra, zabdAmbhoruhabhAskara prabhAcandrakA ziSyarUpase varNana kiyA gayA hai| prabhAcandra ke prathitatarka granthakAra aura zabdAmbhoruhabhAskara ye donoM vizeSaNa yaha spaSTa batalA rahe haiM ki ye prabhAcandra nyAyakumudacandra aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa 1. dekho-nyAyakumudacandra, pR0 778, Ti0 9 / 2. jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha mANikacandragranthamAlA /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 167 jaise prathita tarkagranthoMke racayitA the tathA zabdAmbhojabhArAma janendra nyAmake kartA bhI the| isI zilAlekhameM padmanandi saiddhAntikako aviddhakarNAdika aura kaumAradevavratI likhA hai| ina vizeSaNoMse jJAta hotA hai ki-padmanandi saiddhAntikane karNa vedha honeke pahile hI dIkSA dhAraNa kI hogI aura imIlie ye kaumAradevavratI kahe jAte the / ye mUlasaMghAntargata nandigaNa ke prabhedarUpa dezIgaNake zrIgollAcAryake ziSya the / prabhAcandra ke sadharmA zrIkulabhUSaNamuni the / kulabhUSaNa muni bhI middhAnta zAstroM ke pAragAmI aura cAritrasAgara the / isa zilAlekhameM kulabhUSaNamunikI ziSyaparamparAkA varNana hai, jo dakSiNadezameM huI thii| tAtparya yaha ki A0 prabhAcandra malasaMghAntargata nandigaNakI AcAryaparamparAmeM hae the / inake guru padmanandisaiddhAnta the aura sadharmA the kulabhaSaNamuni / mAlama hotA hai ki prabhAcandra padmanandise zikSA-dIkSA lekara dhArAnagarImeM cale Ae, aura yahIM unhoMne apane granthoMkI racanA kI / ye dhArAdhIza bhojake mAnya vidvAna the / prameyakamalamArtaNDakI "zrIbhojadevarAjye dhArAnivAsinA" Adi antima prazastise spaSTa hai ki yaha grantha dhArAnagarImeM bhojadevake rAjyameM banAyA gayA hai| nyAyakUmadacandra, ArAdhanAgadyakathAkoza aura mahApurANa TippaNakI antima prazastiyoMke "zrIjayasiMhadevarAjye zrImaddhArAnivAsinA" zabdoMse ina granthoMkI racanA bhojake uttarAdhikArI jayasiMhadevake rAjyameM huI jJAta hotI hai / isalie prabhAcandra kA kAryakSetra dhArAnagarI hI mAlama hotA hai / saMbhava hai ki inakI zikSA-dIkSA dakSiNameM huI ho / zravaNavelgolAke zilAlekha naM0 55 meM malasaMghake dezIgaNake devendrasaiddhAntadevakA ullekha hai| inake ziSya caturmukhadeva aura catUmakhadevake ziSya gopanandi the| isI zilAlekhameM ina gopanandike sadharmA eka prabhAcandrakA varNana isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai"avara sadharmaruzrIdhArAdhipabhojarAjamukaTaprotAzmarazmicchaTA cchAyAkuGkamapaGkaliptacaraNAmbhojAtalakSmIdhavaH / nyAyAbjAkaramaNDane dinamaNizzabdAbjarodomaNiH, stheyAtpaNDitapuNDarIkataraNiH zrImAn prabhAcandramAH / / 17 // zrocaturmukhadevAnAM ziSyo'dhRSyaH pravAdibhiH / paNDitazrIprabhAcandro rudravAdigajAGkuzaH // 18 // " ina ilokoMmeM varNita prabhAcandra bhI dhArAdhIza bhojarAjake dvArA pUjya the, nyAyarUpa kamalasamaha (prameyakamala ) ke dinamaNi ( mArtaNDa ) the, zabdarUpa abja ( zabdAmbhoja ) ke vikAsa karaneko rodomaNi (bhAskara) ke samAna the| paMDita rUpI kamaloMke praphullita karanevAle sUrya the, rudravAdi gajoMko vaza karane ke lie aMkuzake samAna the tathA caturmakhadevake ziSya the| kyA isa zilAlekhameM vaNita prabhAcandra aura padmana ndi saiddhAntake ziSya, prathitatarka grantha kAra evaM zabdAmbhojabhAskara prabhAcandra eka hI vyakti haiM ? isa praznakA uttara 'hA~' meM diyA jA sakatA hai, para isameM eka hI bAta nayI hai| vaha hai-gururUpase caturmakhadevake ullekha honekI / maiM samajhatA hU~ ki-yadi prabhAcandra dhArAmeM Aneke bAda apane hI dezIyagaNake zrI caturmakhadevako Adara aura gurukI dRSTise dekhate hoM to koI Azcarya kI bAta nahIM hai| para yaha sunizcita hai ki prabhAcandra ke Adya aura paramAdaraNIya upAsya guru padmanandi saiddhAnta hI the / caturmakhadeva dvitIya guru yA gurusama ho sakate haiN| yadi isa zilAlekhake prabhAcandra aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa Adike racayitA eka hI vyavita hai to yaha nizcitarUpase kahA jA sakatA hai ki prabhAcandra dhArAdhIza bhojake samakAlIna the| isa zilAlekhameM prabhAcandra ko gopanandikA sadharmA kahA
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________________ 168 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha gayA hai / halebelgolake eka zilAlekha ( naM0 492, jaina zilAlekhasaMgraha ) meM hoysalanareza ereyaGga dvArA gopanandi paNDitadevako die gae dAnakA ullekha hai / yaha dAna pauSa zuddha 13, saMvat 1015 meM diyA gayA thA / isa taraha san 1094 meM prabhAcandra ke sadharmA gopanandikI sthiti honese prabhAcandrakA samaya san 1065 taka mAnanekA pUrNa samarthana hotA hai / samayavicAra - AcArya prabhAcandra ke samaya ke viSayameM DaoN0 pAThaka, premIjI " tathA mukhtAra sA0 AdikA prAyaH sarvasammata mata yaha rahA hai ki AcArya prabhAcandra IsAko 8vIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha evaM navIM zatAbdo ke pUrvArdhavartI vidvAn the / aura isakA mukhya AdhAra hai jinasenakRta AdipurANakA yaha zloka - "candrAMzuzubhrayazasaM prabhAcandrakavi kRtvA candrodayaM yena zazvadAhlAditaM stuve / jagat // " arthAt - ' jinakA yaza candramAkI kiraNoMke samAna dhavala hai una prabhAcandrakavikI stuti karatA hU~ / jinhoMne candrodayakI racanA karake jagatko AhlAdita kiyA thaa|' isa zloka meM candrodayase nyAyakumudacandrodaya ( nyAyakumudacandra ) granthakA sUcana samajha gayA hai| A0 jinasenane apane guru vIrasenakI adhUrI jayadhavalA TIkAko zaka saM0 759 ( IsavI 837 ) kI phAlguna zuklA dazamI tithiko pUrNa kiyA thA / isa samaya amoghavarSakA rAjya thA / jayadhavalAkI samAptike anantara hI A0 jinasenane AdipurANakI racanA kI thii| AdipurANa jinasenakI antima kRti hai / ve ise apane jIvana meM pUrNa nahIM kara sake the / use inake ziSya guNabhadra ne pUrNa kiyA thA / tAtparya yaha ki jinasena AcAryane IsavI 840 ke lagabhaga AdipurANakI racanA prArambha kI hogii| isameM prabhAcandra tathA unake nyAyakumudacandra kA ullekha mAnakara DaoN0 pAThaka Adine nirvivAda rUpa se prabhAcandrakA samaya IsAkI 8vIM zatAbdIkA uttarArdha tathA navIMkA pUrvArdha nizcita kiyA hai / suhRdvara paM0 kailAzacandrajI zAstrIne nyAyakumudacandra prathamabhAgakI prastAvanA ( pR0 123 ) meM DaoN. pAThaka Adi matakA nirAsa karate hue prabhAcandrakA samaya I0 950 se 1020 taka nirdhArita kiyA hai / isa nirdhArita samayakI zatAbdiyA~ to ThIka haiM para dazakoM meM antara hai / tathA jina AdhAroMse yaha samaya 1. zrImAn premIjIkA vicAra aba badala gayA hai / apane "zrIcandra aura prabhAcandra" lekha ( anekAnta varSa 4 aMka, 1) meM mahApurANa TippaNakAra prabhAcandra tathA prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura gadyakathAkoza Adike karttA prabhAcandrakA eka hI vyakti honA sUcita karate haiM / ve apane eka patra meM mujhe likhate haiM ki hama samajhate haiM ki prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra ke karttA prabhAcandra hI mahApurANa TippaNake karttA haiM / aura tattvArthavRttipada ( sarvArthasiddhi ke padoMkA prakaTIkaraNa ), samAdhitaM traTIkA, AtmAnuzAsana tilaka, kriyAkalApaTIkA, pravacanasArasa rojabhAskara ( pravacanasArakI TIkA) Adike kartA, aura zAyada ratnakaraNDaTIkA kartA bhI vahI haiM / " 2. paM0 kailAzacandrajIne AdipurANake 'candrAMzuzubhrayazasaM' zloka meM candrodayakAra kisI anya prabhAcandraka vikA ullekha batAyA hai, jo ThIka hai / para unhoMne AdipurANakAra jinasenake dvArA nyAyakumudacandrakAra prabhAcandrake smRta hone meM bAdhaka jo anya tIna hetu die haiM ve balavat nahIM mAlUma hote / yata: (1) AdipurANakAra isake lie bAdhya nahIM mAne jA sakate ki yadi ve prabhAcandrakA smaraNa karate haiM to unheM prabhAcandra ke dvArA smRta anantavIryaM aura vidyAnandakA smaraNa karanA hI cAhie / vidyAnanda aura anantavIryaMkA samaya IsAkI navIM zatAbdIkA pUrvArdha hai, aura isalie ve AdipurANakArake samakAlIna hote
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 169 nizcita kiyA gayA hai ve bhI abhrAnta nahIM haiM / paM0 jIne prabhAcandra ke granthoMmeM vyomazivAcAryakI vyomavatI TIkAkA prabhAva dekhakara prabhAcandrakI pUrvAvadhi 950 I0 aura puSpadantakRta mahApurANake prabhAcandrakRta TippaNako vi0 saM0 2080 ( I0 1023 ) meM samApta mAnakara uttarAvadhi 1020 I0 nizcita kI hai| maiM ' vyomaziva aura prabhAcandra' kI tulanA karate samaya vyomazivakA samaya IsAkI sAtavIM zatAbdIkA uttarArdha nirdhArita kara AyA hU~ / isalie mAtra vyomaziva ke prabhAva ke kAraNa hI prabhAcandrakA samaya I0 950 ke bAda nahIM jA sktaa| mahApurANake TippaNakI vastusthiti to yaha hai ki- puSpadantake mahApurANapara zrIcandra AcAryakA bhI TippaNa hai aura prabhAcandra AcAryakA bhI / balAtkAragaNake zrIcandrakA TippaNa bhojadevake rAjya meM banAyA gayA hai| isakI prazasti nimnalikhita hai- "zrI vikramAditya saMvatsare varSANAmazItyadhikasahasre mahApurANa viSamapadavivaraNaM sAgarasenasaiddhAntAn haiM / yadi prabhAcandra bhI IsAkI navIM zatAbdIke vidvAn hote, to bhI ve apane samakAlIna vidyAnanda Adi AcAryoMkA smaraNa karake bhI AdipurANakAra dvArA smRta ho sakate the / ( 2 ) ' jayanta aura prabhAcandra' kI tulanA karate samaya maiM jayantakA samaya I0 750 se 840 taka siddha kara AyA hU~ / ataH samakAlInavRddha jayantase prabhAvita hokara bhI prabhAcandra AdipurANameM ullekhya ho sakate haiM / (3) guNabhadrake AtmAnuzAsana se 'andhAdayaM mahAnandhaH zloka uddhRta kiyA jAnA avazya aisI bAta hai jo prabhAcandrakA AdipurANa meM ullekha honekI bAdhaka ho sakatI hai / kyoMki AtmAnuzAsana ke "jinasenAcAryapAdasmaraNAdhInacetasAm / guNabhadrabhadantAnAM kRtirAtmAnuzAsanam ||" isa antimazlokase dhvanita hotA hai ki yaha grantha jinasena svAmIko mRtyuke bAda banAyA gayA hai; kyoMki vahI samaya jinasenake pAdoMke smaraNa ke lie ThIka ja~catA hai / ataH AtmAnuzAsanakA racanAkAla san 850 ke karIba mAlUma hotA hai / AtmAnuzAsanapara prabhAcandrakI eka TIkA upalabdha hai / usameM prathama zlokakA utthAna vAkya isa prakAra hai - "bRhaddharmaM bhrAturlokasenasya viSayavyA mugdhabuddhaH sambodhanavyAjena sarvasattvo - kAraka sanmArgamupadarzayitukAmo guNabhadradevaH " arthAt guNabhadra svAmIne viSayoMkI ora caMcala cittavRttivAle bar3e dharmabhAI (?) lokasenako samajhAne ke bahAne AtmAnuzAsana grantha banAyA hai / ye lokasena guNabhadra priyaziSya the / uttarapurANakI prazastimeM inhIM lokasenako svayaM guNabhadrane 'viditasakalazAstra, munIza, kavi avikalavRtta' Adi vizeSaNa die haiN| isase itanA anumAna to sahaja hI kiyA jA sakatA hai ki AtmAnuzAsana uttarapurANake bAda to nahIM banAyA gayA; kyoMki usa samaya lokasena muni viSayavyAmugdhabuddhi na hokara viditasakalazAstra evaM avikalavRtta ho gae the / ataH lokasenakI prArambhika avasthA meM, uttarapurANakI racanAke pahile hI AtmAnuzAsanakA racA jAnA adhika saMbhava hai / paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIne vidvadratnamAlA ( pR0 75 ) meM yahI saMbhAvanA kI hai / AtmAnuzAsana guNabhadrakI prArambhika kRti hI mAlUma hotI hai / aura guNabhadrane ise uttarapurANake pahile jinasenakI mRtyu ke bAda banAyA hogA / parantu AtmAnuzAsanakI Antarika jA~ca karanese hama isa pariNAmapara pahu~ce haiM ki isameM anya kaviyoM ke subhASitoMkA bhI yathAvasara samAveza kiyA gayA hai / udAharaNArtha - AtmAnuzAsanakA 32 vA~ padya 'netA yasya bRhaspatiH ' bhartRharike nItizatakakA 88vAM zloka hai, AtmAnuzAsanakA 67 vA~ padya 'yadetatsvacchanda' vairAgyazatakakA 50vA~ zloka hai / aisI sthitimeM 'andhAdayaM mahAnandhaH ' subhASita padya bhI guNa bhadrakA svaracita hI hai yaha nizcayapUrvaka nahIM kaha sakate / tathApi kisI anya prabala pramANake abhAva meM abhI isa viSaya meM adhika kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ! 4-22
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________________ 170 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha parijJAya mUlaTippaNikAJcAlokya kRtamidaM samuccayaTippaNam ajJapAtabhItena zrImadbalA (tkAra ) gaNazrIsaMghAcArya satkaviziSyeNa zrIcandramuninA nijadordaNDAbhibhUtaripurAjyavijayinaH zrIbhojadevasya / / 102 / / iti uttarapurANaTippaNakaM prabhAcandrAcArya (?) viracitaM samAptam / " prabhAcandrakRta TippaNa jayasiMhadevake rAjyameM likhA gayA hai| isakI prazastike zloka ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArakI prastAvanAse nyAyakumudacandra prathama bhAgakI prastAvanA ( pR0 120 ) meM uddhRta kiye gaye haiM / zlokoMke anantara - "zrIjayasihadevarAjye zrImadvArAnivAsinA parAparaparameSThipraNAmopArjitAmalapuNya nirAkRtAkhilamalakalaGkena zrIprabhAcandrapaNDitena mahApurANaTippaNa ke zatatryadhikasahasratrayaparimANaM kRtamiti" yaha puSpikAlekha hai / isa taraha mahApurANapara donoM AcAryoMke pRthaka-pRthaka TippaNa haiM / isakA khulAsA premIjIke lekha 'se spaSTa ho hI jAtA hai / para TippaNa lekhakane zrIcandrakRta TippaNake 'zrIvikramAditya' vAle prazastilekhake anta meM bhramavaza ' iti uttarapurANaTippaNakaM prabhAcandrAcAryaviracitaM samAptam' likha diyA hai / isIlie DaoN0 pI0 ela0 vaidya, pro0 hIrAlAlajI tathA paM0 kailAzacandrajIne bhramavaza prabhAcandrakRta TippaNakA racanAkAla saMvat 1080 samajha liyA hai / ataH isa bhrAnta AdhArase prabhAcandra ke samayakI uttarAvadhi san 1020 nahIM ThaharAI jA sakatI / aba hama prabhAcandrake samayakI nizcita avadhike sAdhaka kucha pramANa upasthita karate haiM. -- 1 - prabhAcandrane pahile prameyakamalamArttaNDa banAkara hI nyAyakumudacandrakI racanA kI hai| mudrita prameyakamalamArttaNDa ke antameM "zrI bhojadevarAjye zrImadvArAnivAsinA parAparaparameSThipadapraNAmopArjitAmalapuNyanirAkRtanikhilamakaGkana zrImatprabhAcandra paNDitena nikhilapramANaprameyasvarUpo dyotiparIkSAmukhapadamidaM vivRtamiti / " yaha puSpikAlekha pAyA jAtA hai / nyAyakumudacandrako kucha pratiyoMmeM ukta puSpikAlekha 'zrIbhojadeva - rAjya' kI jagaha 'zrIjayasiMhadevarAjya' padake sAtha jaisAkA taisA upalabdha hai / ataH isa spaSTa lekhase prabhAcandrakA samaya jayasiMhadeva ke rAjya ke kucha varSoM taka, antataH san 1065 taka mAnA jA sakatA hai / aura yadi prabhAcandrane 85 varSakI Ayu pAI ho to unakI pUrvAvadhi san 980 mAnI jAnI cAhie / 3 zrImAn mukhtArasA 0 3 tathA paM0 kailAzacandra jI prameyakamala0 aura nyAyakumudacandra ke antameM pAe jAnevAle ukta 'zrIbhojadevarAjya aura jayasiMhadeva rAjye' Adi prazastilezakhoMko svayaM prabhAcandrakRta nahIM mAnate / mukhtArasA0 isa prazastivAkyako TIkATippaNakAra dvitIya prabhAcandrakA mAnate haiM tathA paM0 kailAzacandrajI ise pIche kisI vyaktikI karatUta batAte haiM / para prazastivAkyako prabhAcandrakRta nahIM mAnanemeM donoMke AdhAra jude - jude haiM / mukhtArasA0 prabhAcandrako jinasenake pahilekA vidvAn mAnate haiM, isalie 'bhojadevarAjya' AdivAkya ve svayaM unhIM prabhAcandrakA nahIM maante| paM0 kailAzacandrajI prabhAcandrako IsAkI 10vIM aura 11vIM zatAbdIkA vidvAn mAnakara bhI mahApurANake TippaNakAra zrIcandra ke TippaNa ke antimavAkyako bhramavaza prabhAcandrakRta TippaNakA antimavAkya samajha leneke kAraNa ukta prazastivAkyoMko prabhAcandrakRta nahIM mAnanA cAhate / mukhtArasA0 ne eka hetu yaha bhI diyA hai" ki - prameyakamalamArttaNDakI kucha pratiyoMmeM yaha antimavAkya nahIM pAyA jAtA / aura isake lie bhANDArakara insTITyuTako prAcIna pratiyoMkA havAlA diyA hai| maiMne bhI isa 1. dekho paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI likhita 'zrIcandra aura prabhAcandra' zIrSaka lekha anekAnta varSa 4, kiraNa 1 / 2. mahApurANakI prastAvanA, pR0 XIV | 3. ratnakaraNDa prastAvanA, pR0 59 60 / 4. nyAyakumudacandra prathamabhAgakI prastAvanA, pR0 122 / 5. ratnakaraNDa0 prastAvanA, pR0 60 /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 171 granthakA punaH sampAdana karate samaya jaina siddhAntabhavana, ArAkI pratike pAThAntara lie haiM / isameM bhI ukta 'bhojadevarAjye' vAlA vAkya nahIM hai / isI taraha nyAyakumudacandra ke sampAdana meM jina A0, ba0, zra0, aura bhAM0 " pratiyoM kA upayoga kiyA hai, unameM A0 aura ba0 pratimeM 'zrIjayasihadevarAjya' vAlA prazasti lekha nahIM hai / hA~, bhAM0 aura zra0 pratiyA~, jo tAr3apatrapara likhI haiM, unameM 'zrIjayasiMhadevarAjye' vAlA prazastivAkya hai / inameM bhAM0 prati zAlivAhanazaka 1764 kI likhI huI hai / isa taraha prameyakamalamArttaNDakI kinhIM pratiyoMmeM ukta prazastivAkya nahIM hai, kinhIM meM zrIpadmanandi' zloka nahIM hai tathA kucha pratiyoMmeM sabhI zloka aura prazasti vAkya haiM / nyAyakumudacandrakI kucha pratiyoM meM 'jayasiMhadeva rAjye' prazastivAkya nahIM hai / zrImAn mukhtArasA0 prAyaH isIse ukta prazastivAkyoM ko prabhAcandrakRta nahIM mAnate / isake viSaya meM merA yaha vaktavya hai ki-lekhaka pramAdavaza prAyaH maujUda pATha to chor3a dete haiM para kisI anyakI prazasti anyagrantha meM lagAnekA prayatna kama karate haiM / lekhaka Akhira nakala karanevAle lekhaka ho to haiM, unameM itanI buddhimAnIkI bhI kama saMbhAvanA hai ki ve 'zrI bhojadevarAjye' jaisI sundara gadya prazastiko svakapolakalpita karake usameM jor3a deN| jina pratiyoM meM ukta prazasti nahIM hai to samajhanA cAhie ki lekhakoM ke pramAdase unameM vaha prazasti likhI hI nahIM gaI / jaba anya aneka pramANoMse prabhAcandrakA samaya karIba-karIba bhojadeva aura jayasiMha rAjyakAla taka pahu~catA hai taba ina prazastivAkyoMko TippaNakArakRta yA kisI pIche hone vAle vyaktikI karatUta kahakara nahIM TAlA jA sakatA / merA yaha vizvAsa hai ki 'zrIbhojadevarAjye' yA zrI jayasiMhadevarAjye' prazastiyA~ sarvaprathama prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrake racayitA prabhAcandrane hI banAI haiM / aura jina-jina granthoM meM ye prazastiyA~ pAI jAtI haiM ve prasiddha tarkagranthakAra prabhAcandrake hI grantha hone cAhie / 2- yApanIyasaMghAgraNI zAkaTAyanAcAryane zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa aura amoghavRttike sivAya kevalibhukti aura strImukti prakaraNa likhe haiM / zAkaTAyanane amoghavRtti, mahArAja amoghavarSa ke rAjyakAla ( I0 814se 877 ) meM racI thI / A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra meM zAkaTAyanake ina donoM prakaraNoM kA khaMDana AnupUrvIse kiyA hai / nyAyakumudacandra meM strImuktiprakaraNase eka kArikA bhI uddhRta kI hai / ataH prabhAcandrakA samaya I0 900 se pahile nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / 1. dekho, inakA paricaya nyAyaku0 pra0 bhAgake sampAdakIya meM / 2. paM0 nAthUrAmajI premI apanI noTabuka ke AdhArase sUcita karate haiM ki - " bhANDArakara insTITyUTakI naM0 836 ( san 1875-76 ) kI pratimeM prazastikA 'zrIpadmanandi' vAlA zloka aura 'bhojadevarAjye, vAkya nahIM / vahIMkI naM0 638 ( san 1875-76 ) vAlI pratimeM 'zrI padmanandi' zloka hai para 'bhojadevarAjye' vAkya nahIM hai / pahilI prati saMvat 1489 tathA dUsarI saMvat 1755 kI likhI huI hai / " vIravANIvilAsa bhavana ke adhyakSa paM0 lokanAtha pArzvanAthazAstrI apane yahA~kI tADapatrakI do pUrNa pratiyoMko dekhakara likhate haiM ki - " pratiyoMkI antima prazastimeM mudritapustakAnusAra prazasti zloka pUre haiM aura 'zrI bhojadevarAjye zrImadvArAnivAsinA' Adi vAkya haiN| prameyakamalamArttaNDakI pratiyoMmeM bahuta zaithilya hai, parantu karIba 600 varSa pahile likhita hogii| una donoM pratiyoM meM zakasaMvat nahIM haiM / " solApurakI pratimeM "zrIbhojadevarAjye" prazasti nahIM hai| dillIko Adhunika pratimeM bhI uktavAkya nahIM hai / aneka pratiyoM meM prathama adhyAyake antameM pAe jAnevAle "siddhaM sarvajanaprabodha" zlokakI vyAkhyA nahIM hai / indaurI tukogaMjavAlI pratimeM prazastivAkya hai aura ukta zlokakI vyAkhyA bhI hai / khuraIkI pratimeM 'bhojadevarAjya' prazasti nahIM hai, para cAroM prazasti zloka haiM /
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________________ 172 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha 3- siddhasenadivAkarake nyAyAvatArapara siddharSigaNikI eka vRtti upalabdha hai| hama 'siddharSi aura prabhAcandra' kI tulanAmeM batA Ae haiM ki prabhAcandrane nyAyAvatAra ke sAthahI sAtha isa vRttiko bhI dekhA hai / siddharSine I0906 meM apanI upamitibhavaprapaJcAkathA banAI thI / ataH nyAyAvatAravRttike draSTA prabhAcandrakA samaya san 910 ke pahile nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / 4 -bhAsarvajJakA nyAyasAra graMtha upalabdha hai / kahA jAtA hai ki isapara bhAsarvajJakI svapojJa nyAyabhUSaNA nAmakI vRtti thI / isa vRttike nAmase uttarakAlameM inakI bhI 'bhUSaNa' rUpameM prasiddhi ho gaI thI / nyAyalIlAvatIkArake kathanase' jJAta hotA hai ki bhUSaNa kriyAko saMyoga rUpa mAnate the / prabhAcandrane nyAyakumuda - candra ( pR0 282 ) meM bhAsarvajJake isa matakA khaMDana kiyA hai / prameyakamalamArttaNDa ke chaThaveM adhyAyameM jina vizeSyAsiddha Adi hetvAbhAsoMkA nirUpaNa hai ve saba nyAyasArase hI lie gae hai / sva0 DaoN0 zatIzacandra re vidyAbhUSaNa inakA samaya I0 900 ke lagabhaga mAnate haiM / ataH prabhAcandrakA samaya bhI I0 900 ke bAda hI honA cAhie / 5-A0 devasenane apane darzanasAra grantha ( racanAsamaya 990 vi0 933 I0 ) ke bAda bhAvasaMgraha grantha banAyA haiM / isakI racanA saMbhavataH san 940 ke AsapAsa huI hogI / isakI eka 'nokammakammahAro' gAthA prameyakamalamArttaNDa tathA nyAyakumudacandra meM uddhRta hai / yadi yaha gAthA svayaM devasenakI hai to prabhAcandrakA samaya san 940 ke bAda honA cAhie / 6-A0 prabhAcandrane prameyakamala0 aura nyAyakumuda0 banAneke bAda zabdAmbhojabhAskara nAmakA jainendranyAsa racA thA / yaha nyAsa jainendramahAvRttike bAda isake AdhArase banAyA gayA hai / maiM 'abhayanandi aura prabhAcandra' kI tulanA karate hue likha AyA hU~ ki nemicandra siddhAntacakravartI ke guru abhayanandine hI yadi mahAvRtti banAI hai to isakA racanAkAla anumAnataH 960 I0 honA caahie| ataH prabhAcandrakA samaya I0 960 se pahile nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / 7- puSpadantakRta apabhraMzabhASA ke mahApurANapara prabhAcandrane eka TippaNa racA hai / isakI prazasti ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcArakI prastAvanA ( pR0 61 ) meM dI gaI hai / yaha TippaNa jayasiMhadeva ke rAjyakAlameM likhA gayA hai / puSpadantane apanA mahApurANa san 965 I0 meM samApta kiyA thA / TippaNakI prazastise to yahI mAlUma hotA hai ki prasiddha prabhAcandra hI isa TippaNakartA haiM / yadi yahI prabhAcandra isake racayitA haiM, to kahanA hogA ki prabhAcandrakA samaya I0 965 ke bAda hI honA cAhie / yaha TippaNa inhoMne nyAyakumudacandrakI racanA karake likhA hogA / yadi yaha TippaNa prasiddha tarkagranthakAra prabhAcandrakA na mAnA jAya taba bhI isakI prazastike zloka aura puSpikAlekha, jinameM prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra ke prazastizlokoMkA evaM puSpikAlekhakA pUrA-pUrA anukaraNa kiyA gayA hai, prabhAcandrakI uttarAvadhi jayasiMhake rAjyakAla taka nizcita karane meM sAdhaka to ho hI sakate 1 8- zrIdhara aura prabhAcandrakI tulanA karate samaya hama batA Ae haiM ki prabhAcandra ke granthoMpara zrIdharakI kandalI bhI apanI AbhA de rahI hai / zrIdharane kandalI TIkA I0 san 991 meM samApta kI thI / ataH 1. dekho, nyAyakumudacandra, pR0 282, Ti0 5 / 2. nyAyasAra prastAvanA, pR0 5 / 3. dekho, mahApurANakI prastAvanA /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 173 prabhAcandrakI pUrvAvadhi I0 190 ke karIba mAnanA aura unakA kAryakAla I0 1020 ke lagabhaga mAnanA saMgata mAlama hotA hai| 9-zravaNabelgolAke lekha naM0 40 ( 64 ) meM eka padmanandisaiddhAntikakA ullekha hai aura inhIMke ziSya kulabhUSaNake sadharmA prabhAcandrako zabdAmbhoruhabhAskara aura prathitatarka granthakAra likhA hai "aviddhakarNAdikapadmanandisaiddhAntikAkhyo'jani yasya loke| kaumAradevavratitAprasiddhirjIyAttu so jJAnanidhissa dhoraH // 15 // tacchiSyaH kulabhUSaNAkhyayatipazcAritravArAMnidhi, siddhAntAmbudhipArago natavineyastatsadharmo mahAn / zabdAmbhoruhabhAskaraH prathitatarkagranthakAraH prabhA candrAkhyo munirAjapaNDitavaraH zrIkundakundAnvayaH // 16 // " usa lekhameM varNita prabhAcandra, zabdAmbhoruhabhAskara aura prathitatarkagranthakAra vizeSaNoMke balase zabdAmbhojabhAskara nAmaka jainendranyAsa aura prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nyAyakumudacandra Adi granthoMke kartA prastuta prabhAcandra TIkA, pu0 2 ko prastAvanAmeM tADapatrIya pratikA itihAsa batAte hue pro0 hIrAlAlajIne isa zilAlekhameM varNita prabhAcandra ke samayapara sayuktika aitihAsika prakAza DAlA hai| usakA sArAMza yaha hai-"ukta zilAlekhameM kulabhUSaNase AgekI ziSyaparamparA isa prakAra hai-kulabhUSaNake siddhAntavArAMnidhi sadvatta kulacandra nAmake ziSya hue, kulacandradevake ziSya mAghanandi muni hue, jinhoMne kollApurameM tIrtha sthApana kiyaa| inake zrAvaka ziSya the-sAmantakedAra nAkarasa, sAmanta nimbadeva aura sAmanta kAmadeva / mAghanandike ziSya hue-gaNDavimuktadeva, jinake eka chAtra senApati bharata the, va dUsare ziSya bhAnukIrti aura devakIrti, Adi / isa zilAlekhameM batAyA hai ki mahAmaNDalAcArya devakIrti paMDitadevane kollApurakI rUpanArAyaNa vasadike adhIna kellaMgareya pratApapurakA punaruddhAra karAyA thA, tathA jinanAthapurameM eka dAnazAlA sthApita kI thii| unhIM apane gurukI parokSa vinayake lie mahApradhAna sarvAdhikAri hiriya bhaMDArI, abhinavagaGgadaMDanAyaka zrI hullarAjane unakI niSadyA nirmANa karAI, tathA guruke anya ziSya lakkhanandi, mAdhava aura tribhuvanadevane mahAdAna va pUjAbhiSeka karake pratiSThA kii| devakItika samayapara prakAza DAlanevAlA zilAlekha naM0 39 hai / isameM devakIrtikI prazastike atirikta unake svargavAsakA samaya zaka 1085 subhAnu saMvatsara ASADha zukla 9 budhavAra sUryodayakAla batalAyA gayA hai| aura kahA gayA hai ki unake ziSya lakkhanandi mAdhavacandra aura tribhuvanamallane gurubhaktise unakI niSadyAkI pratiSThA karAI / devakIrti padmanandise pA~ca pIDhI tathA kulabhUSaNa aura prabhAcandrase cAra pIDhI bAda hue haiN| ataH ina AcAryoMko devakIrtike samayase 100-125 varSa arthAt zaka 950 ( I0 1028 ) ke lagabhaga hue mAnanA anucita na hogaa| ukta AcAryoMke kAlanirNayameM sahAyaka eka aura pramANa milatA hai-kulacandra munike uttarAdhikArI mAghanandi kollApurIya kahe gae haiN| unake gahastha ziSya nimbadeva sAmantakA ullekha milatA hai jo zilAhAranareza gaMDarAdityadevake eka sAmanta the| zilAhAraM gaMDarAdityadevake ullekha zaka saM0 1030 se 1058 takake lekhoMmeM pAe jAte hai / isase bhI pUrvokta kAlanirNayakI puSTi hotI hai|" yaha vivecana zaka saM0 1085 me likhe gae zilAlekhoM ke AdhArase kiyA gayA hai| zilAlekhakI vastaoMkA dhyAnase samIkSaNa karanepara yaha prazna hotA hai ki jisa taraha prabhAcandrake sadharmA kalabhaSaNakI ziSyaparamparA dakSiNa prAntameM calI usa taraha prabhAcandrakI ziSya paramparAkA koI ullekha kyoM nahIM milatA? majhe to isakA saMbhAvya kAraNa yahI mAlama hotA hai ki padmanandike eka ziSya kulabhUSaNa to dakSiNameM hI rahe aura
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________________ 174 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha dUsare prabhAcandra uttara prAMtameM Akara dhArA nagarIke AsapAsa rahe haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki dakSiNameM unakI ziSya paramparAkA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| isa zilAlekhIya aMkagaNanAse nirvivAda siddha ho jAtA hai ki prabhAcandra bhojadeva aura jayasiMha donoMke samayameM vidyamAna the / ataH unakI pUrvAvadhi san 990 ke AsapAsa mAnane meM koI bAdhaka nahIM hai| 10-vAdirAjasUrine apane pArzvacaritameM anekoM pUrvAcAryoMkA smaraNa kiyA hai| pArzvacarita zaka saM0 947 (I0 1025) meM banakara samApta huA thaa| inhoMne akalaMkadevake nyAyavinizcaya prakaraNapara nyAyavinizcayavivaraNa yA nyAyavinizcayatAtparyAvadyotanI vyAkhyAnaratnamAlA nAmakI vistRta TokA likhI hai| isa TIkAmeM pacAsoM jaina-janetara AcAryoMke granthoMse pramANa uddhata kie gae haiM / saMbhava hai ki vAdirAjake samayameM prabhAcandrakI prasiddhi na ho pAI ho, anyathA tarkazAstrake rasika vAdirAja apane isa yazasvI granthakArakA nAmollekha kie binA na rahate / yadyapi aise nakArAtmaka pramANa svatantrabhAvase kisI AcAryake samayake sAdhaka yA bAdhaka nahIM hote phira bhI anya prabala pramANoMke prakAzameM inheM prasaGgasAdhanake rUpameM to upasthita kiyA hI jA sakatA hai| yahI adhika saMbhava hai ki vAdirAja aura prabhAcandra samakAlIna aura sama-vyaktitvazAlI rahe haiM ataH vAdirAjane anya AcAryoM ke sAtha prabhAcandrakA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai / aba hama prabhAcandrakI uttarAvadhike niyAmaka kucha pramANa upasthita karate haiM 1-IsAkI caudahavIM zatAbdIke vidvAna abhinavadharmabhaSaNane nyAyadIpikA (pR016) meM prameyakamalamArtaNDakA ullekha kiyA hai| inhoMne apanI nyAyadIpikA vi0 saM0 1442 ( I0 1385 ) meM banAI thii| IsAkI 13vIM zatAbdIke vidvAna malliSaNane apanI syAdvAdamaJjarI ( racanA samaya I0 1293 ) meM nyAyakUmadacandrakA ullekha kiyA hai| IsAkI 12vIM zatAbdIke vidvAna A0 malayagirine AvazyakaniyuktiTIkA (pR0 371 A.) ne laghIyastrayakI eka kArikAkA vyAkhyAna karate hue 'TIkAkArake' nAmase nyAyakumudacandra meM kI gaI ukta kArikAkI vyAkhyA uddhRta kI hai| IsAkI 12vIM zatAbdIke vidvAn devabhadrane nyAyAvatAraTIkATippaNa (pR0 21, 76 ) meM tathA mANikyacandrane kAvyaprakAzakI TIkA (pR0 14 ) meM prabhAcandra aura unake nyAyakumudacandrakA nAmollekha kiyA hai| ataH ina 12vIM zatAbdI takake vidvAnoM ke ullekhoMke AdhArase yaha prAmANikarUpase kahA jA sakatA hai ki prabhAcandra I0 12vIM zatAbdIke bAdake vidvAn nahIM haiN| 2-ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra aura samAdhitantrapara prabhAcandrakRta TIkAe~ upalabdha haiN| paM0 jugalakizora jI mukhtAra ne ina donoM TIkAoMko eka hI prabhAcandrake dvArA racI huI siddha kiyA hai| Apake matase ye prabhAcandra prameyakamalamArtaNDa Adike racayitAse bhinna haiN| ratnakaraNDaTIkAkA ullekha paM0 AzAdharajI dvArA anAgAradharmAmRta TIkA (a08, zlo0 93 ) meM kiye jAneke kAraNa isa TIkAkA racanAkAla vi0 saM0 1300 se pahilekA anumAna kiyA gayA hai; kyoMki anAgAradharmAmRta TIkA vi0 saM0 1300 meM banakara samApta huI thii| antataH mukhtArasA0 isa TIkAkA racanAkAla vikramakI 13vIM zatAbdIkA madhyabhAga mAnate hai / astu, philahAla mukhtArasA0 ke nirNayake anusAra isakA racanAkAla vi0 1250 ( I0 1193 ) hI mAnakara prastuta vicAra karate haiM / 1. svAmI, samantabhadra, pR0 227 / 2. ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra bhUmikA, pR0 66 se /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 175 ratnakaraNDa zrAvacAra ( pR0 6 ) meM kevalikavalAhArake khaMDanameM nyAyakumudacandragata zabdAvalIkA pUrA-pUrA anusaraNa karake likhA hai ki- "tadalamatiprasaGgena prameyakamalamArttaNDe nyAyakumudacandre prapaJcataH prarUpaNAt / " isI taraha samAdhitantra TIkA ( 1715 ) meM likhA hai ki- "yaiH punaryogasAMkhyaiH muktau tatpracyutirAtmano'bhyupagatA te prameyakamalamArttaNDe nyAyakumudacandre ca mokSavicAre vistarataH pratyAkhyAtAH / " ina ullekhoMse spaSTa hai ki prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra grantha ina TIkAoMse pahile race gae haiM / ataH prabhAcandra IsAkI 12vIM zatAbdI ke bAdake vidvAn nahIM haiM / 3 - vAdidevasUrikA janma vi0 saM0 1143 tathA svargavAsa vi0 saM0 1222 meM huA thA / ye vi0 saM0 1974 meM AcAryapadapara pratiSThita hue the / saMbhava hai inhoMne vi0 saM0 1975 ( I0 1118 ) ke lagabhaga apane prasiddha grantha syAdvAdaratnAkarakI racanA kI hogI / syAdvAdaratnAkarameM prabhAcandra ke prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrakA na kevala zabdArthAnusaraNa ho kiyA gayA hai kintu kavalAhArasamarthana prakaraNa meM tathA pratibimba carcA meM prabhAcandra aura prabhAMcandrake prameyakamalamArttaNDakA nAmollekha karake khaMDana bhI kiyA gayA hai / ataH prabhAcandra ke samayakI uttarAvadhi antataH I0 1100 sunizcita ho jAtI / 4 - jainendravyAkaraNa ke abhayanandisammata sUtrapAThapara zrutakIrtine paMcavastuprakriyA banAI hai| zrutakIrti kanar3Icandraprabhacaritrake kartA aggalakavike guru the / aggalakavine zaka 1011 I0 1089 meM candraprabhacarita pUrNa kiyA thA / ataH zrutakIrtikA samaya bhI lagabhaga I0 1075 honA cAhie / inhoMne apanI prakriyA meM eka nyAsa granthakA ullekha kiyA hai| saMbhava hai ki yaha prabhAcandrakRta zabdAmbhojabhAskara nAmakA hI nyAsa ho / yadi aisA hai to prabhAcandrakI uttarAvadhi I0 1075 mAnI jA sakatI hai| zimogA jileke zilAlekha naM0 46 se jJAta hotA hai ki pUjyapAdane bhI jainendra nyAsakI racanA kI thI / yadi zrutakIrtine nyAsa padase pUjyapAdakRta nyAsakA nirdeza kiyA hai taba 'TIkAmAla' zabdase sUcita honevAlI TIkAkI mAlA meM to prabhAcandrakRta zabdAmbhojabhAskarako piroyA ho jA sakatA hai| isa taraha prabhAcandra ke pUrvavartI aura uttaravartI ullekhoM ke AdhArase hama prabhAcandra kA samaya san 980 se 1065 taka nizcita kara sakate haiM / inhIM ullekhoM ke prakAzameM jaba hama prameyakamalamArttaNDake 'zrI bhojadevarAjye' Adi prazastilekha tathA nyAyakumudacandrake 'zrI jayasiMhadevarAjye' Adi prazastilekhako dekhate haiM to ve atyanta prAmANika mAlama hote haiM / unheM kisI TIkA TippaNakArakA yA kisI anya vyaktikI karatUta kahakara nahIM TAlA jA sakatA / uparyukta vivecanase prabhAcandra ke samaya kI pUrvAvadhi aura uttarAvadhi karIba-karIba bhojadeva aura jayasiMha devake samaya taka hI AtI hai / ataH prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrameM pAe jAnevAle prazasti lekhoMkI prAmANikatA aura prabhAcandrakartutAmeM sandehako koI sthAna nahIM rahatA / isalie prabhAcandrakA samaya I0980 se 1065 taka mAnanemeM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| 1. dekho, isI lekhakA "zrutakIrti aura prabhAcandra" aMza / 2. prameyakamalamArttaNDake prathamasaMskaraNa ke sampAdaka paM0 baMzIdharajI zAstrI, solApurane ukta saMskaraNake upodghAtameM zrIbhojadevarAjye prazastike anusAra prabhAcandrakA samaya IsAkI gyArahavIM zatAbdI sUcita kiyA hai / aura Apane isake samarthana ke lie 'nemicandra siddhAntacakravartIkI gAthAoMkA prameyakamalamArttaNDameM uddhRta honA' yaha pramANa upasthita kiyA hai| para ApakA yaha pramANa abhrAnta nahIM hai; prameyakamalamArttaNDameM 'farmersmAvaNNA' aura 'loyAyAsapaaise' gAthAe~ uddhRta haiN| para ye gAthAe~ nemicandrakRta nahIM haiM / pahilI gAthA dhavalATIkA ( racanAkAla I0 816 ) meM uddhRta hai aura umAsvAtikRta zrAvakaprajJapti meM bhI
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________________ 176 : DaoN. mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha prabhAcandra ke grantha A0 prabhAcandrake jitane granthoMkA abhI taka anveSaNa kiyA gayA hai unameM kucha svatantra grantha hai tathA kucha vyAkhyAtmaka / unake prameyakamalamArtaNDa ( parIkSAmukhavyAkhyA ), nyAyakumudacandra ( laghIyastraya vyAkhyA ), tattvArthavRttipadavivaraNa ( sarvArthasiddhi vyAkhyA ), aura zAkaTAyananyAsa ( zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNavyAkhyA ) ina cAra granthoMkA paricaya nyAyakumudacandrake prathamabhAgakI prastAvanAmeM diyA jA cukA hai / yahA~ unake zabdAmbhojabhAskara ( jainendravyAkaraNa mahAnyAsa ); pravacanasArasarojabhAskara (pravacanasAraTIkA ) aura gadyakathAkozakA paricaya diyA jAtA hai| mahApurANaTippaNa Adi bhI inhIMke grantha haiN| isa paricayake pahile hama 'zAkaTAyananyAsa' ke kartRtvapara vicAra karate hai bhAI paM0 kailAzacandrajI zAstrIne zilAlekha tathA kiMvadantiyoMke AdhArase zAkaTAyananyAsako prabhAcandrakRta likhA hai| zimogA jileke nagaratAllukeke zilAlekha naM0 46 ( epi0 karnA0 pu08, bhA0 2, pu0 266-273 ) meM prabhAcandrakI prazaMsAparaka ye do zloka hai "mANikyanandijinarAjavANIprANAdhinAthaH paravAdimardI / citraM prabhAcandra iha kSamAyAM mArtaNDavRddhau nitarAM vyadIpita / / rasukhi 'nyAyakumudacandrodayakRte namaH / zAkaTAyanakRtsUtranyAsakareM vratIndave // " jainasiddhAntabhavana, ArAmeM vardhamAnamunikRta dazabhaktyAdimahAzAstra hai / usameM bhI ye zloka haiN| unameM 'sUkhi....' kI jagaha 'sukhIze' tathA 'vratIndave' ke sthAnameM 'prabhendave' pATha hai / yaha zilAlekha 16 vIM zatAbdIkA pAI jAtI hai| dUsarI gAthA pUjyapAda (I0 6vIM ) kRta sarvArthasiddhi meM uddhata hai| ataH ina prAcIna gAthAoMko nemicandrakRta nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| avazya hI inheM nemicandrane jIvakANDa aura dravyasaMgrahameM saMgrahIta kiyA hai| ataH ina gAthAoMkA uddhRta honA hI prabhAcandrake samayako 11vIM sadI nahIM sAdha sktaa| 1. nyAyakumudacandra prathamabhAgakI prastAvanA, pR0 125 / isa zilAlekhake anuvAdameM rAisa sA0 ne A0 pUjyapAdako hI nyAyakumudacandrodaya aura zAkaTAyananyAsakA kartA likha diyA hai| yaha galatI Apase isaliye huI ki isa zlokake bAda hI pUjyapAdakI prazaMsA karanevAlA eka zloka hai, usakA anvaya Apane bhUlase "sukhi" ityAdi zlokake sAtha kara diyA hai| vaha zloka yaha hai "nyAsaM jainendrasaMjJaM sakalabudhanutaM pANinIyasya bhUyo, nyAsaM zabdAvatAraM manujatatihitaM vaidyazAstraM ca kRtvA / yastattvArthasya TokAM vyaracayadiha tAM bhAtyasau pUjyapAda, svAmI bhUpAlavandyaH svaparahitavacaH pUrNadRgbodhavRttaH // " thor3I-sI sAvadhAnIse vicAra karanepara yaha spaSTa mAlUma hotA hai ki 'sukhi' ityAdi zlokake caturthyanta padoMkA 'nyAsa' vAle zlokase koI bhI sambandha nahIM hai / bra0 zItalaprasAdajIne 'madrAsa aura maisUraprAntake smAraka' meM tathA pro0 hIrAlAlajIne 'jaina zilAlekha saMgraha' kI bhUmikA (pR0 141 ) meM bhI rAisa sA0 kA anusaraNa karake isI galatIko duharAyA hai|
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 177 hai aura vardhamAnamunikA samaya bhI 16vIM zatAbdI hI hai / zAkaTAyananyAsake prathama do adhyAyoMkI pratilipi syAdvAdavidyAlayake sarasvatIbhavanameM maujUda hai / usako sarasarI taurase palaTanepara mujhe isake prabhAcandrakRta hone meM nimnalikhita kAraNoMse sandeha utpanna huA hai 1 - isa grantha meM maMgalazloka nahIM hai jaba ki prabhAcandra apane pratyeka grantha meM maMgalAcaraNa niyamita rUpase karate haiM" / 2 - sandhiyoM ke anta meM tathA grantha meM kahIM bhI prabhAcandrakA nAmollekha nahIM hai jaba ki prabhAcandra apane pratyeka grantha meM ' iti prabhAcandraviracite' Adi puSpikAlekha yA 'pramendujina: ' Adi rUpase apanA nAmollekha karanemeM nahIM cUkate / 3 - prabhAcandra apanI TIkAoMke prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nyAyakumudacandra zabdAmbhojabhAskara Adi nAma rakhate haiM jaba ki isa granthake ina zlokoMmeM isakA koI khAsa nAma sUcita nahIM hotA 4- zAkaTAyana yApanIyasaMghake AcArya the aura prabhAcandra the kaTTara digambara / inhoMne zAkaTAyanake strImukti aura kevalibhuktiprakaraNoM kA khaMDana bhI kiyA hai| ataH zAkaTAyanake vyAkaraNapara prabhAcandra ke dvArA nyAsa likhA jAnA kucha samajha meM nahIM AtA / 5 - isa nyAsa meM zAkaTAyanake lie prayukta 'saMghAdhipati, mahAzramaNa saMghapa' Adi vizeSaNoMkA samarthana hai / yApanIya AcAryake ina vizeSaNoMke samarthanakI AzA prabhAcandra dvArA nahIM kI jA sakatI / yathA "zabdAnAM zAsanAkhyasya zAstrasyAnvarthanAmataH / prasiddhasya mahAmoghavRtterapi vizeSataH // sUtrANAM ca vivRtirlikhyate ca yathAmati / granthasyAsya ca nyAseti ( ? ) kriyate nAmanAmataH // " "evaMbhUtamidaM zAstraM caturadhyAyarUpataH, saMghAdhipatiH zrImAnAcAryaH zAkaTAyanaH / mahatArabhate tatra mahAzramaNasaMghapaH, zrameNa zabdatattvaM ca vizadaM ca vizeSataH // mahAzramaNa saMghAdhipatirityanena manaH samAdhAnamAkhyAyate / viSayeSu vikSiptacetaso na manaH samAdhi * asamAhitacetasazca kiM nAma zAstrakaraNam, AcArya iti tu zabdavidyAyA gurutvaM zAkaTAyana iti anvayabuddhiprakarSaH, vizuddhAnvayo hi ziSTairupalIyate / mahAzramaNasaMghAdhipateH sanmArgAnuzAsanaM yuktameva" 6- prabhAcandra ne apane prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra meM jainendra vyAkaraNase hI sUtroMke uddharaNa die haiM jisapara unakA zabdAmbhojabhAskara nyAsa hai / yadi zAkaTAyanapara bhI unakA nyAsa hotA to ve ekAdha sthAnapara to zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNake sUtra uddhRta karate / 1. maisUra yUni0 meM nyAsagranthakI dUsare adhyAyake cauthe pAdake 124 sUtra takakI kApI hai ( naM0 A. 605 ) / usameM nimnalikhita maMgalazloka hai " praNamya jayinaH prAptavizvavyAkaraNAzriyaH / zabdAnuzAsanasyeyaM vRttevivaraNodyamaH // asmin bhASyANi bhASyante vRttayo vRttimAzritAH / nyAsA nyastAH kRtAH TIkAH pAraM pArAyaNAnyayuH // tatra vRttA ( tyA ) dAvayaM maMgalazlokaH zrIvIramamRtamityAdi / " parantu ina zlokoMkI racanAzailI prabhAcandrakRta nyAyakumudacandra Adike maMgalazlokoMse atyanta vilakSaNa hai / 4-23
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________________ 178 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti-grantha 7- prabhAcandra apane pUrvagranthoMkA uttaragranthoM meM prAyaH ullekha karate haiM / yathA nyAyakumudacandra tatpUrvakAlIna prameyakamalamArttaNDakA tathA zabdAmbhojabhAskara meM nyAyakumudacandra aura prameyakamalamArttaNDa donoMkA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai / yadi zAkaTAyananyAsa unhoMne prameyakamalamArttaNDa Adike pahile banAyA hotA to prameyakamalamArttaNDa AdimeM zAkaTAyanavyAkaraNake sUtroMke uddharaNa hote aura isa nyAsakA ullekha bhI hotA / yadi yaha uttarakAlIna racanA hai to isameM prameyakamala AdikA ullekha honA cAhie thA jaisA ki zabdAmbhojabhAskara meM dekhA jAtA hai / 8-zabdAmbhojabhAskara meM prabhAcandrakI bhASAkI jo prasannatA tathA prAvAhikatA hai vaha isa dukhha nyAsameM nahIM dekhI jAtI / isa zailIvaicitryase bhI isake prabhAcandrakRta hone meM sandeha hotA hai / prabhAcandrane sandAmbhojakara nAmakA nyAsa banAyA thA aura isalie unakI nyAsakArake rUpase bhI prasiddhi rahI hai / mAlUma hotA ki vardhamAnamunine prabhAcandrakI isI prasiddhi ke AdhArase inheM zAkaTAyananyAsakA kartA likha diyA hai| mujhe to aisA lagatA hai ki yaha nyAsa svayaM zAkaTAyanane hI banAyA hogA / aneka vaiyAkaraNoMne apane hI vyAkaraNapara nyAsa likhe haiM / zabdAmbhojabhAskara - zravaNabelagolake zilAlekha naM0 40 ( 64 ) meM prabhAcandrake liye 'zabdAmbhoja divAkaraH ' vizeSaNa bhI diyA gayA hai / isa arthagarbha vizeSaNase spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandra jaise prathitatarka granthoMke kartA prathitatarka granthakAra prabhAcandra hI zabdAmbhojabhAskara nAmaka jainendra vyAkaraNa mahAnyAsa ke racayitA haiM / ailaka pannAlAla di0 jaina sarasvatIbhavanakI adhUrI pratike AdhArase isakA TUka paricaya yahA~ diyA jAtA hai / yaha prati saMvat 1980 meM dehalIkI pratise likhAI gaI hai / isameM jainendravyAkaraNake mAtra tIna adhyAyakA hI nyAsa hai so bhI bIcameM jagaha-jagaha truTita hai / 39 se 67 to ke patra isa pratimeM nahIM haiM / prArambhake 28 patra kisI dUsare lekhakane likhe haiM / patrasaMkhyA 228 hai / eka patra meM 13 se 15 taka paMktiyA~ aura eka paMkti meM 39 se 43 taka akSara haiM / patra bar3I sAijake haiM / maMgalA caraNa "zrIpUjyapAdamakalaGkamanantabodham, zabdArtha saMzayaharaM nikhileSu bodham / sacchabdalakSaNamazeSamataH prasiddha vakSye parisphuTamalaM praNipatya siddham // 1 // savistaraM yad gurubhiH prakAzitaM mahAmatInAmabhidhAnalakSaNam / manoharaiH svalpapadaiH prakAzyate mahadbhirupadiSTi yAti sarvApimArge ( ? ) ... tadukta kRtazikSa ( ? ) zlAdhyate taddhi tasya / kimuktamakhilajJe rbhASamANe gaNendro viviktamakhilArthaM zlAghyate'to munIndraH // 3 // zabdAnAmanuzAsanAni nikhilAnyAdhyAyatAharnizam, yo yaH sArataro vicAracaturastallakSaNAMzo gataH / taM svIkRtya tilottameva viduSAM cetazcamatkArakaH, suvyakte rasamaiH prasannavacanainya saH samArabhyate // 4 // zrI pUjyapAdasvAmi ( mI ) vineyAnAM zabdasAdhutvAsAdhutvaviveka pratipattyarthaM zabda lakSaNapraNayanaM kurvANo nirvighnataH zAstraparisamAtyAdikamabhilaSanniSTadevatAstutiviSayaM namaskurvannAha - lakSmIrAtyantikI yasya..." yaha nyAsa abhayanandikRta jainendramahAvRttike bAda banAyA gayA hai| isameM mahAvRttike zabda AnupUrvasa le lie gae haiM aura kahIM unakA vyAkhyAna bhI kiyA hai / yathA
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 179 "siddhiranekAntAt prakRtyAdivibhAgena vyavahArarUpA zrotragrAhyatayA paramArthatopetA prakRtyAdivibhAgena ca zabdAnAM siddhiranekAntAd bhavatItyarthAdhikAra AzAstraparisamApterveditavyaH / astitvanAstitvanityatvasAmAnya sAmAnAdhikaraNya vizeSaNavizeSyAdiko'nekaH antaH svabhAvo yasmin bhAve so'yamanekAntaH anekAtmA ityartha: " - mahAvRtti, pR0 2 / " dvividhA va zabdAnAM siddhiH vyavahArarUpA paramArtharUpA ceti / tatra prakRtItya ( ? ) vikArAgamAdivibhAgena rUpA tatsiddhiH tadbhedasyAtra prAdhAnyAt / zrotragrAhyau ( hyA ) paramArthato ye prakRtyAdivibhAgAH pramANanayAdibhirabhigamopAyaiH zabdAnAM tattvapratipattiH paramArtharUpA siddhiH tadbhedasyAtra prAdhAnyAt, sAmayiteSAM siddhiramekAntAdbhavatItyeSo'dhikAraH AzAstraparisamApterveditavyaH / atha ko'yamanekAnto nAmetyAhaastitvanAstitvanityatvAnityatvasAmAnyasAmAnAdhikaraNya vizeSaNa vizeSyAdiko'nekAntaH svabhAvo yasyArthasyAsAvakAntaH anekAntAtmaka ityarthaH - zabdAmbhojabhAskara, pR0 2 A isa tulanAse tathA tRtIyAdhyAyake anta meM likhe gaye isa zlokase atyanta spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki yaha myAsa jaimendra mahAvRtti ke bAda banAyA gayA hai-- " namaH zrIvardhamAnAya mahate devanandine / prabhAcandrAya gurave tasmai cAbhayanandine // " isa zloka meM abhayanandiko namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| pratyeka pAdakI samAptimeM " iti prabhAcandravira - cite zabdAmbhojabhAskare jainendravyAkaraNamahAnyAse dvitIyAdhyAyasya tRtIyaH pAdaH " isI prakArake puSpikAlekha hai| tRtIya adhyAyake anta meM nimnalikhita puSpikA tathA zloka hai " iti prabhAcandraviracite zabdAmbhojabhAskare jainendravyAkaraNamahAnyA se tRtIyasyAdhyAyasya caturthaH pAdaH samAptaH // zrIvardhamAnAya namaH // sanmArga pratibodhako budhajanaiH saMstUyamAno haThAt / ajJAnAndhatamopahaH kSititale zropUjyapAdo mahAn // sArvaH santatasatrisandhiniyataH pUrvAparAnukramaH / zabdAmbhoja divAkaro'stu sahasA naH zreyase yaM ca vai // namaH zrIvardhamAnAya mahate devanandine / prabhAcandrAya guruve tasmai cAbhayanandine // cha // zrI vAsupUjyAya namaH | zrI nRpativikramAdityarAjyena saMvat 1980 mAsottamamAse caitrazuklapakSe ekAdazyAM 11 zrI mahAvIra saMvat 2449 / hastAkSara chAjUrAma jaina vijezvarI lekhaka pAlama ( sUbA dehalI ) " jainendravyAkaraNake do sUtrapATha pracalita haiM- eka to vaha jisapara abhayanandine mahAvRtti, tathA zrutakIrtine paJcavastu nAmakI prakriyA banAI hai; aura dUsarA vaha jisapara somadevasUrikRta zabdArNavacandrikA hai / paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIne' aneka puSTa pramANoMse abhayanandisammata sUtrapAThako hI prAcIna tathA pUjyapAdakRta mUlasUtrapATha siddha kiyA hai / prabhAcandrane isI abhayanandisammata prAcIna sUtrapAThapara hI apanA yaha zabdAmbhojabhAskara nAmakA mahAnyAsa banAyA hai / 1. dekho - 'jainendra vyAkaraNa aura AcArya devanandI' lekha, jainasAhitya saMzodhaka bhAga 1, aMka 2 / 2. paMDita nAthUlAlajI zAstrI, indaura sUcita karate haiM ki tukogaMja, indaurake granthabhaNDArameM bhI zabdAmbhojabhAskarake tIna hI adhyAya haiM / usakA maMgalAcaraNa tathA antima prazastilekha bambaIkI pratike hI samAna
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________________ 180 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha A0 prabhAcandrane isa granthako prameyakamalamArttaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrakI racanAke bAda banAyA hai| jaisA ki unake nimnalikhita vAkyase sUcita hotA hai "tadAtmakatvaM cArthasya adhyakSato'numAnAdezca yathA siddhayati tathA prapaJcataH prameyakamalamArttaNDe nyAyakumudacandre ca prarUpitamiha draSTavyam / " prabhAcandra apane nyAyakumudacandra ( pR0 329 ) meM prameyakamalamArttaNDa grantha dekhanekA anurodha isI tarahake zabdoMmeM karate haiM- " etacca prameyakamalamArttaNDe saprapaJcaM prapaJcitamiha draSTavyam / " vyAkaraNa jaise zuSka zabdaviSayaka isa grantha meM prabhAcandrakI prasanna lekhanIse prasUta darzanazAstrakI kvacit arthapradhAna carcA isa granthake gauravako asAdhAraNatayA bar3hA rahI hai| isameM vidhivicAra, kArakavicAra, liMgavicAra jaise anUThe prakaraNa haiM jo isa granthako kisI bhI darzana granthakI koTimeM rakha sakate haiM / isameM samantabhadrake yuktyanuzAsana tathA anya aneka AcAryoMke padyoMko pramANa rUpase uddhRta kiyA hai / pR0 91 meM 'vizvadRzvA'sya putro janitA' prayogakA hRdayagrAhI vyAkhyAna kiyA hai / isa taraha kyA bhASA, kyA viSaya aura kyA prasannazailI, hara eka dRSTise prabhAcandrakA nirmala aura praur3ha pANDitya isa grantha meM udAttabhAva se nihita hai / pravacanasArasarojabhAskara --- yaha prabhAcandra ne prameyakamalako vikasita karaneke lie mArttaNDa banAneke pahile pravacanasArasarojake vikAsArtha bhAskarakA udaya kiyA ho to koI anahonI bAta na hokara adhika saMbhava aura nizcita bAta mAlUma hotI hai / ( prameya ) kamalamArttaNDa, ( nyAya ) kumudacandra, ( zabda ) ambhojabhAskara jaise sundara nAmoMkI kalpikA prabhAcandrIya buddhine ho ( pravacanasAra ) sarojabhAskarakA udaya kiyA hai| isa granthako saMvat 1555 kI likhI huI jIrNa prati hamAre sAmane hai / yaha prati ailaka pannAlAla sarasvatI bhavana, bambaIkI hai / isakA paricaya saMkSepameM isa prakAra hai patrasaMkhyA 53, zlokasaMkhyA 1746, sAija 13x6 / eka patra meM 12 paMktiyA~ tathA eka paMkti meM 42-43 akSara haiM / likhAvaTa acchI aura zuddha prAya hai / prArambha "oM namaH sarvajJAya ziSyAzayaH / vIraM pravacanasAraM nikhilArthaM nirmalajanAnandam / vakSye sukhAvabodhaM nirvANapadaM praNamyAptam // zrI kundakundAcAryaH sakalalokopakArakaM mokSamArga madhyayana rucivineyAzayavazenopadarzayitukAmo nirvighnaH zAstraparisamAptyAdikaM phalamabhilaSanniSTadevatAvizeSaM zAstrasyAdau namaskurvannAha // cha | esa surAsura / " anta--"iti zrIprabhAcandradevaviracite pravacanasArasarojabhAskare zubhopayogAdhikAraH samAptaH // cha // saMvat 1555 varSe mAghamAse zuklapakSe pUnya ( Ni ) mAyAM tithau guruvAsare giripure vyA0 puruSottama li0 granthasaMkhyA SaTcatvAriMzadadhikAni saptadazazatAni / / 1746 // " madhyakI sandhiyoM kA puSpikAlekha - " iti zrIprabhAcandradevaviracite pravacanasArasa rojabhAskare..." 'hai / isa TIkAmeM jagaha-jagaha uddhRta dArzanika avataraNa, dArzanika vyAkhyApaddhati evaM sarala prasanna zailI hai| paM0 bhujabalIjI zAstrIke patrase jJAta huA hai ki kArakalake maThameM bhI isakI prati hai / isa pratimeM bhI tIna adhyAyakA nyAsa hai / premIjI sUcita karate haiM ki baMbaIke bhavanameM isakI eka prAcIna prati hai usameM caturtha adhyAyake tIsare pAdake 211veM sUtra takakA nyAsa hai, Age nahIM hai / ho sakatA hai ki yaha prabhAcandrakI antima kRti hI ho aura isalie pUrNa na ho sakI ho /
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________________ 4 / viziSTa nibandha : 181 ise nyAyakumudacandrAdike racayitA prabhAcandra kI kRti siddha karaneke lie paryApta haiM / avataraNa - ( gA0 2 / 10 ) "nAzotpAdau samaM yadvannAmonnAsau tulAntayoH " ( gA0 228 ) " svopAttakarmavazAdbhavAd bhavAntarAvAptiH saMsAra:" inameM dUsarA avataraNa rAjavArtikakA tathA prathama kisI bauddha granthakA hai / ye donoM avataraNa prameya - kamala aura nyAyakumuda0 meM bhI pAe jAte haiM / isa vyAkhyAkI dArzanika zailIke namUne ( gA0 2 / 13 ) " yadi hi dravyaM svayaM sadAtmakaM na syAt tadA svayamasadAtmakaM sattAtaH pRthagvA ? tatrAdyaH pakSo na bhavati; yadi sat sadrUpaM dravyaM tadA asadrUpaM dhruvaM nizcayena na taM tat bhavati / kathaM kena prakAreNa dravyaM kharaviSANavat / havadipuNo aNNaM vA / atha sattAtaH punaranyadvA pRthagbhUtaM dravyaM bhavati tadA ataH pRthagbhUtasyApi sattve sattAkalpanA vyarthA / sattAsambandhAtsattve cAnyonyAzrayaH siddhe hi tatsattve sattAsambandhasiddhiH tasyAJca sambandhasiddhau satyAM tatsattva siddhiriti / tatsattvasiddhimantareNApi sattAsambandhe khapuSpAderapi tatprasaGgaH / tasmAt dravyaM svayaM sattA svayameva sadabhyupagantavyam / " ( gA0 2 / 16 ) tathAhi - dravati droSyatyadudravattAMstAn guNaparyAyAn guNaparyAyairvA droSyate drutaM vA dravyamiti / gamyate upalabhyate dravyamaneneti guNaH / dravyaM vA dravyAntarAt yena viziSyate sa guNaH / ityetasmAdarthaM vizeSAt yad dravyasya guNarUpe guNarUpeNa guNasya vA dravyarUpeNAbhavanaM eso eSa hi atadbhAvaH / " ina gAthAoMkI amRtacandrIya aura jayasenIya TIkAoMse isa TIkAkI tulanA karanepara isakI dArzanikaprasUtatA apane Apa jhalaka mAratI hai| isa TIkAkA jayasenIyaTIkApara prabhAva hai aura jayasenIyaTIkAse yaha nizcaya hI pUrvakAlIna hai / amRtacandrAcAryane pravacanasArakI jina 36 gAthAoMkI vyAkhyA nahIM kI hai prAyaH ve gAthAe~ pravanasArasarojabhAskarameM yathAsthAna vyAkhyAta haiM / jayasedhIya TIkAmeM prabhAcandrakA anusaraNa karate hue ina gAthAoMkI vyAkhyA kI gaI hai / hA~, jayasenIyaTIkAmeM do-tIna gAthAe~ ati rikta bhI haiN| isa TIkAkA lakSya gAthAoMkA saMkSepase khulAsA karanA / parantu prabhAcandra prArambha se hI darzanazAstra ke viziSTa abhyAsI rahe haiM isalie jahA~ khAsa avasara AyA vahA~ unhoMne saMkSepase dArzanika muddoMkA bhI nirdeza kiyA hai / pro0 e0 ena0 upAdhyene pravacanasArakI bhUmikAmeM bhAvatribhaMgIkAra zrutamunike 'sAratrayanipuNa prabhAcandra' ke ullekhase pravacanasArasarojabhAskarake karttAkA samaya 14vIM sadIkA prArambhika bhAga sUcita kiyA hai | parantu yaha saMbhAvanA kisI dRr3ha AdhArase nahIM kI gaI hai| jayasenIya TIkApara isakA prabhAva honese ye unase prAkkAlIna to haiM hI / A0 jayasena apanI TIkAmeM ( pR0 29 ) kevalikavalAhArake khaMDanakA upasaMhAra karate hue likhate haiM ki - " anyepi piNDazuddhikathitA bahavo doSAH te cAnyatra tarkazAstre jJAtavyA atra cAdhyAtmagranthatvAnnocyante / " sambhava hai yahA~ tarkazAstrase prabhAcandrake prameyakamalamArtaNDa Adiko vivakSA ho / astu, mujhe to yaha saMkSipta para vizada TIkA prabhAcandrAcAryakI prArambhikakRti mAlUma hotI hai / gadyakathAkoza - yaha grantha bhI inhIM prabhAcandrakA mAlUma hotA hai / isakI pratimeM 89vIM kathAke bAda "zrIjayasiMhadevarAjye" "prazasti hai / isake prazasti zlokoMkA prabhAcandrakRta nyAyakumudacandra Adike prazastizlokoMse pUrA-pUrA sAdRzya hai / isakA maMgalazloka yaha hai 1. nyAyakumudacandra prathama bhAgakI prastAvanA, pR0 122 "rArAdhya caturvidhAmanupamAmArAdhanAM nirmalAm / prAptaM sarvasukhAspadaM nirupamaM svargApavargapradA ( ? ) / -
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________________ 182 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha praNamya mokSapradamastadoSaM prakRSTapuNyaprabhavaM jinendram | vakSye'tra bhavya pratibodhanArthaM mArAdhanAsatsukathAprabandhaH // " 89vIM kathAke anantara "jayasiMhadevarAjye" prazasti likhakara grantha samApta kara diyA hai| isake anantara bhI kucha kathAe~ likhIM haiM / aura antameM "sukomalaiH sarvasukhAvabodhaH " zloka tathA " iti bhaTTArakaprabhAcandrakRtaH kathAkozaH samAptaH " yaha puSpikAlekha hai / isa taraha isameM do sthaloMpara granthasamAptiko sUcanA hai jo khAsataura se vicAraNIya hai / ho sakatA hai ki prabhAcandrane prArambhakI 89 kathAe~ hI banAI hoM aura bAdakI kathAe~ kisI dUsare bhaTTArakaprabhAcandrane / athavA lekhakane bhUlase 89vIM kathAke bAda hI grantha samApti - sUcaka puSpikAlekha likha diyA ho| isako khAsataurase jA~ce binA abhI vizeSa kucha kahanA zakya nahIM hai / mere vicArase prabhAcandrane tattvArthavRttipadavivaraNa aura pravacanasArasarojabhAskara bhojadeva ke rAjyase pahile apanI prArambhika avasthA meM banAe hoMge yahI kAraNa hai ki unameM 'bhojadevarAjye' yA 'jayasiMhadeva rAjye ' koI prazasti nahIM pAI jAtI aura na una granthoMmeM prameyakamalamArttaNDa AdikA ullekha hI pAyA jAtA hai / isa taraha hama prabhAcandrakI grantharacanAkA krama isa prakAra samajhate haiM-tattvArtha vRttipadavivaraNa, pravacanasArasarojabhAskara, 'prameyakamalamArttaNDa, nyAyakumudacandra, zabdAmbhojabhAskara, mahApurANaTippaNa aura gadyakathAkoza / zrImAn premIjIne ratnakaraNDaTIkA, samAdhitantraTIkA kriyAkalApaTIkA, AtmAnuzAsana tilakA * teSAM sthe yAt sukomalaiH sarvasukhAvabodhaH padaiH prabhAcandra kRtaH prabandhaH / kalyANakAle'tha jinezvarANAM surendradantIva virAjate'sau / / 2 / / zrIjayasiMhadevarAjye zrImadvArAnivAsinA parAparapaJcaparameSThipraNAmopArjitAmalapuNyanirAkRtanikhila - dharmakathAprapaJca racanAsvArAdhanA saMsthitA / karmavizuddhiheturamalA candrArkatArAvadhi // 1 // malakalaGkena zrImatprabhAcandrapaNDitena ArAdhanAsatkathA prabandhaH kRtaH / " 1. yogasUtrapara bhojadevakI rAjamArttaNDa nAmaka TIkA pAI jAtI hai| saMbhava hai prameyakamaLamArttaNDa aura rAjamArttaNDa nAma paraspara prabhAvita hoM / 2. paM0 jugalakizorajI mukhtArane ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArakI prastAvanA meM ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArakI TIkA aura samAdhitantraTIkAko ekahI prabhAcandra dvArA racita siddha kiyA hai; jo ThIka hai / para Apane ina prabhAcandrako prameyakamalamArttaNDa Adike racayitA tarkagranthakAra prabhAcandrase bhinna siddha karanekA jo prayatna kiyA hai vaha vastutaH dRr3ha pramANoMpara avalambita nahIM hai| Apake mukhyapramANa haiM ki-' 'prabhAcandrakA AdipurANakArane smaraNa kiyA hai isalie ye IsAkI navamazatAbdIke vidvAn haiM, aura isa TIkAmeM yazastilakacampU ( I0 959), vasunandizrAvakAcAra ( anumAnataH vi0 kI 13vIM zatAbdIkA pUrva bhAga tathA padmanandi upAsakAcAra ( anumAnataH vi0 saM0 1980 ) ke zloka uddhRta pAe jAte haiM, isalie yaha TIkA prameyakamalamArttaNDa Adike racayitA prabhAcandrakI nahIM ho sakatI / " inake viSaya meM merA yaha vaktavya hai ki jaba prabhAcandrakA samaya anya aneka puSTa pramANoMse IsAkI gyArahavIM zatAbdI siddha hotA hai taba yadi ye TokAe~ bhI unhIM prabhAcandrakI hI hoM to bhI isameM yazastilakacampU aura nItivAkyAmRta ke vAkyoMkA uddhRta honA asvAbhAvika evaM anaitihAsika nahIM hai / vasunandi aura padmanandikA samaya bhI vikramakI 12 vIM aura terahavIM sadI anumAnamAtra hai, koI dRr3ha pramANa isake sAdhaka nahIM die gae haiM / padmanandi zubhacandrake ziSya the yaha bAta padmanandike granthase to nahIM mAlUma hotI / vasunandikI 'paDigaha
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________________ 4/ viziSTa nibandha : 183 Adi granthoMkI bhI prabhAcandrakRta honekI saMbhAvanA kI hai, vaha khAsa taurase vicAraNIya hai| muccaTThANaM' gAthA svayaM unhIMkI banAI hai yA anya kisI AcAryakI yaha bhI abhI nizcita nahIM hai| padmanandizrAvakAcArake 'adhruvAzaraNe' Adi zloka bhI ratnakaraNDaTIkAmeM padmanandikA nAma lekara uddhRta nahIM hai aura na ina zlokoMke pahile 'uktaM ca, tathA coktam' Adi koI pada hI diyA gayA hai jisase inheM uddhata ho mAnA jAya / tAtparya yaha ki mukhtAra sA0 ne ina TIkAoMke prasiddha prabhAcandrakRta na hone meM jo pramANa die hai ve dar3ha nahIM haiN| ratnakaraNDaTIkA tathA samAdhitantraTIkAmeM prameyakamalamArtaNDa aura nyAyakumudacandrakA eka sAtha viziSTazailIse ullekha honA isakI sUcanA karatA hai ki ye TIkAe~ bhI prasiddha prabhAcandrakI hI honI caahie| ve ullekha isa prakAra hai 'tadalamatiprasaGgena prameyakamalamArtaNDe nyAyakumudacandre prapaJcataH prarUpaNAt"-ratnaka0 TI0, pR06| "yaH punaryogasAMkhyarmaktau tatpracyutirAtmano'bhyupagatA te prameyakamalamArtaNDe nyAyakumudacandre ca mokSavicAre vistarataH pratyAkhyAtAH |"-smaadhitntrttii0, pR0 15 / ina donoM avataraNoMkI prabhAcandrakRta zabdAmbhojabhAskarake nimnalikhita avataraNase tulanA karanepara spaSTa mAlama ho jAtA hai ki zabdAmbhojabhAskarake karttAne hI ukta TIkAoMko banAyA hai "tadAtmakatvaM cArthasya adhyakSato'numAnAdezca yathA siddhayati tathA prameyakamalamArtaNDe nyAyakumudacandra ca prarUpitamiha draSTavyam |'-shbdaambhojbhaaskr / prabhAcandrakRta gadyakathAkozameM pAI jAnevAlI aJjanacora AdikI kathAoMse ratnakaraNDaTIkAgata kathAoMkA akSarazaH sAdRzya hai| iti / 3. kriyAkalApaTIkAkI eka likhita prati bambaIke sarasvatI bhavanameM hai| usake maMgala aura prazasti zloka nimnalikhita haimaMgala- "jinendramunmUlitakarmabandhaM praNamya sanmArgakRtasvarUpam / / anantabodhAdibhavaM guNaughaM kriyAkalApaM prakaTaM pravakSye // " prazasti- "vande mohatamovinAzanapaTustrailokyadIpaprabhuH, saMsRtisamanvitasya nikhilasnehasya saMzoSakaH / siddhAntAdisamastazAstrakiraNaH zrIpadmanandiprabhuH, tacchiSyAtprakaTArthatAM stutipadaM prAptaM prbhaacndrtH||1|| yo rAtrau divase pRthi prayatAM ( ? ) doSA yatInAM kuto pyopAtAH (?) pralaye tu""ramalasteSAM mhaadrshitH| zrImadgautamanAbhibhirgaNadharairlokatrayodyotakaiH, savyakR ( ? ) sakalo'pyasau yatipaterjAtaH prabhAcandrataH // 2 // yaH ( yat ) sarvAtmahitaM na varNasahitaM na spanditauSThadvayam, no vAJchAkalitanna doSamalinaM na zvAsatudva ( ruddha ) kramam / zAntAmarthaviSayaiH ( marSaviSaiH ) samaM parazu ( pazu ) gaNairAkaNitaM karNataH, tadvat sarvavidaH praNaSTavipadaH pAyAdapUrva vakaH // 3 // " ina prazastizlokoMse jJAta hotA hai ki jina prabhAcandrane kriyAkalApaTIkA racI hai ve padmanandisaiddhAntikake ziSya the / nyAyakUmadacandra Adike kartA prabhAcandra bhI padmanandisaiddhAntikake hI ziSya the, ataH
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________________ 184 : DaoN0 mahendrakumAra jaina nyAyAcArya smRti grantha kriyAkalApaTIkA aura prameyakamalamArttaNDa Adike kartA eka hI prabhAcandra haiM isameM koI sandeha nahIM raha jAtA / prazastizlokoMkI racanAzailI bhI prameyakamala0 AdikI prazastiyoMse milatI-julatI hai / 4. AtmAnuzAsana tilakakI prati zrI premIjIne bhejI hai| usakA maMgala aura prazasti isa prakAra haimaMgala - "vIraM praNamya bhavavArinidhiprapotamuddyotitAkhilapadArthamanalpapuNyam / nirvANamArgamanavadyaguNaprabandhamAtmAnuzAsanamahaM pravaraM pravakSye || " prazasti "mokSopAyamanalpapuNyamamalajJAnodayaM nirmalam, bhavyAyaM paramaM prabhendukRtinA vyaktaiH prasannaiH padaiH / vyAkhyAnaM varamAtmazAsanamidaM vyAmohavicchedataH / sUktArtheSu kRtAdarai raharahazcetasyalaM cintyatAm // 1 // itizrI AtmAnuzAsana ( naM ) satilaka ( kaM prabhAcandrAcAryaviracita ( taM ) sampUrNam / "