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(299) yrir qq. AN EXTRACT FROM " HISTORY OF HINDU CHEMISTRY BY PRIFULLA CHANDRA
RAY D. Sc; Pa D., PROFFESSOR OF CHEMISTRY, PRESIDENCY COLLEGE CALCUTTA.
VOL. 11.
PAGE 178 To 183. The atomic theory of the Jains:- Of the nine categories of the Jains, that of Ajiva ( the not-soul or non-Ego ) consists of five entities, four of which are immaterial ( 8ąd ), Viz, Merit, demerit, space and time, and the fifth material (-possessing of figure.) The last is called Pudgala ( matter ), and this alone is the vehicle of energy, which is essentially kinetie, i. e. of the nature of motion. Every thing in the world of not soul (the non-Ego) is either an entity (2727), or achange of state in an entity (qiz) Pudgala (matter) and its changes of state (q1) whether of the nature of subtile motion (परिस्पन्द ) or of Evolution (परिणाम), must furnish the physical as opposed to the Metaphysical basis of all our explanations of nature. Pudgala ( matter ) exists in two forms, Anu (atom) and skandha ( aggregate ). The Jains begin with an absolutely homogeneous mass of Pudgalas, which, by differentiation (976) breaks up into several kinds of atoms qualitatively determined, and by differentiation, integration, and
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