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66: Śramaņa, Vol 62, No. 2 April-June 2011
if the manufacturer and the salesman keep up their quality and rapport. Customer should be convinced that this company product can never be of second grade. Moreover everyone knows the fact that the businessman who is honest enough in ones profession, keeps moderate profit motive and treats all the customers equally without any sort of discrimination, whosoever visits to his shop whether mature or immature one. This sort of firm belief on particular shopkeeper brings goodwill as well as profit together to the very salesman. The number of customers will increase because of the firm belief in the shopkeeper regarding ones quality of goods and its reasonable price. So doubt is a fundamental obstacle to the path of success in all walks of life. This dominant doubt is obstacle foremost in the path of liberation too. Pūjyapāda in his Sarvārthasiddhi? text cites that the person who is doubtful regarding the three-fold path of liberation, whether right faith, right knowledge can lead towards liberation or by merely observing right-conduct one can attain liberation can not attain his goal. In this way, to accept one-sided view as a whole is samsaya and it will lead a person nowhere. 2. Niḥkāńksita The second limb is called niņkārksita, freedom from anticipation. This means restrain in the realm of desires. Man is a bundle of desires. Desires don't arise in vacuum. Desires are endless like a skyo. Desires are of two kinds, namely possessive and creative. The difference lies between two is that the former admits of exclusive individual possession, while the latter can be shared by all alike without any conflict. The desire for material possession makes man's personality ego-centric which is the cause of social tensions and frustration. Creative desires lead the individual towards self satisfaction and social progresslo. Bertrand Russell rightly remarks, "The best life is one in which creative impulses play the largest part and the possessive, the smallest!l." One should not keep an eye on others progress or property. Mahāvīra advised
