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Sramana, Vol. 59, No. 4. October-December 2008
Practice of Brahmavihāra in Theravāda Buddhism
Arch phurich Nomnian *
Abstract
The concept of Brahmavihāra in Theravāda 'Buddhism can enable human beings to recognize the importance of Mettā (lovingkindness), Karuņā (compassion), Muditā (gladness), and Upekkhā (equanimity), which can transform violent society into a peaceful one. There are, however, issues that each individual has to take into account when applying these virtues in one's practice. This paper offers basic understanding that enables us to reflect our day-to-day actions that can potentially create positive change in ourselves and society in which we live.
Introduction
This paper aims to discuss the concept of Brahmavihāra in Theravāda Buddhism, which is closely linked to the fundamental concept and practice of Buddhism. Brahmavihāra consists of four main sublime virtues: Mettā, Karuņā, Mudită, and Upekkhā. These four virtues allow us to understand the principle practice of Theravāda Buddhism in terms of loving-kindness, compassion, gladness, and equanimity. These are relevant in many ways for our present day situations regarding war on terrorism, social and political unrest in different countries, as well as, the global climatechange dueto human's exploitation of natural resources. Although violence of wars may never disappear from human history, we need to continue to make efforts to practice Brahmavihāra by transforming violence, greed, * Lecturer, College of Religious Studies, Mahidol University, Thailand and Ph. D. Scholar, Deptt. of Philosophy and Religion, BHU, Varanasi.
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