________________
* The higher heavens, situated in the 'neck' region of a stylistic representation of the universe as a standing human being are known as the graiveyaka heavens. The word 'graiveyaka' is derived from the Sanskrit word 'griivaa' meaning the neck.
Hellish beings residing in the first three hells attain samyaktva either through jaati smarana gyaanaa or through discourse {when the demi-gods who punish hellish beings remind them or when hellish beings discuss things with each other or while undergoing the various painful afflictions meted out to hellish beings.
Hellish beings residing in the last four hells attain samyaktva either through jaati smarana gyaanaa or while undergoing the various painful afflictions meted out to hellish beings.
Prashnottara shraavakaachaara has explained the nature of samyaktva in the following manner:
"Shatprakritishamenaiva samyaktvodayakarmanaa. Kshaayopashamikam viddhi praardhvasvacchodakopamam."
Prashnottarashraavakaachaara - Samyagdharshana; (Author: Ashokmuni, Publisher: Diwaakarjyoti Karyaalaya, Byaawar (Rajasthan), year 1981)
Kshayopashama samyaktva is attained when there is fruition (uday) of samyaktva mohaniiya and the annihilation of mithyaatva mohaniiya (mithyaatva-causing deluding karmas), mishra mohaniiya {part-samyaktva and part-mithyaatva-causing deluding karmas, anantaanubandhi krodha {incessant anger), anantaanubandhi maana incessant arrogance}, anantaanubandhi maayaa incessant artifice) and anantaanubandhi lobha {incessant avarice) in case they are in fruition (uday); and their suppression in case they are dormant (Upashama).
The process through which, in the duration of this type of samyaktva, samyaktva mohaniiya karmas are made to rise and then annihilated is known as the rasodaya krise of the essence of or vipaakodaya (rise of the effect of of samyaktva mohaniiya karmas. The lion's share of mithyaatva mohaniiya karmas and mishra mohaniiya karmas is suppressed. The ones that are not, are converted into samyaktva mohaniiya, made to rise and then experienced. There is no rise of the essence of or the effect of suppressed mithyaatva mohaniiya karmas and mishra mohaniiya karmas. The remaining mithyaatva mohaniiya karmas and mishra mohaniiya karmas, which are converted into samyakta mohaniiya karmas and rise, are known as the pradeshodaya krise without any impact) of mithyaatva mohaniiya karmas and mishra mohaniiya karmas.
Similarly, a large part of the four anantaanubandhii kashaayas (the incessant passions of anger, arrogance, artifice and avarice is suppressed. The part that is not suppressed is converted into apratyaakhyaanaavaraniiya kashaayas {passions that obstruct partial renunciation, made to rise and
173
