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[II, 33
i. 33. The nature of the soul is development: this development is with reference to knowledge, Karma and the fruit; therefore, it should be understood that knowledge, Karma and the fruit constitute the soul. 34. When the S'ramana is convinced that the soul itself is the agent, means, action, and the fruit, and if he does not develop anything (else as passions etc.), he realizes the pure self.
TRANSLATION OF
35. Substance comprises Jiva, the sentient principle and Ajiva, the non-sentient principle; Jiva is constituted of sentiency and manifestation of consciousness'; Ajīva is insentient, the foremost of this class is matter.
36. That space which is accompanied by matter and soul, which is rich with Kala (or time) and the two magnitudes (ie., astikāyas) of Dharma and Adharma (ie., the principles of motion and rest) and which is eternal, is called Loka or the physical world."
f
37. Of this physical world constituted of matter and souls, there take place transformations consisting of origination, permanence and destruction collectively or individually,
38. The characteristics by which the sentient and non-sentient substances are recognised are known as the special qualities called murta and amurta, concrete and non-concrete.
39. The qualities which are perceived by senses, which characterise the material substances and which are manifold are murta or concrete qualities; the qualities of non-concrete substances are to be known as amurta or non-concrete.
40. Colour, taste, smell and touch are found in matter from the finer molecule to the gross earth; and sound is material and of various kinds..
41-42. The peculiar property of Ākāśa is to give room; of the Dharma-substance, to be a cause of movement; of Adharma-, to be a cause of stationariness; of Kala, to mark the continuity; of soul, the manifestation of consciousness: these are to be known, in short, the peculiar characteristics of non-concrete substances.5
1. TS. II, S.
2. TS. V, 12.
3. Compare P. 99.
4. TS. V, 5, 23-24.
5. According to Jainism space or akas'a is a substance, a reality.
