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Lesson 42 Past Participle (Use in the Active Voice)
For expressing the purport of the Past Tense, the Past Participle is used in Praksta. The Past Participles are formed by adding the following suffixes to the Verbs. The Past Participles partake of the nature of an Adjective. When the suffixes of this participle are added to the Intransitive Verbs, it can be used in the Active Voice. The inflection of these will be according to the Subject. The subject may be in the Masculine, Neuter and Feminine Genders, therefore the inflection will be accordingly. In the Masculine Gender, the inflexion of the Past Participle will be according to the Masculine Noun 'Deva' and in the Neuter Gender, the inflexion will be according to 'Kamala' and in the Feminine Gender, the inflection will be according to 'Kahá'. The Past Participle is a-ending (in Masculine or Neuter Gender). For changing the Participle into Feminine Gender, the 'a' suffix of the Participle is changed into á. By this, the Participle becomes å-ending Feminine. (A) Verbs
Hasa : To laugh Nacca : To dance
Jagga = To wake up Ho: To become or To exist Suffixes of the Past Hasa
Nacca
Jagga Participle a/ya Hasia/Loucher Naccial Danced Jaggla/ -Woke up hoal - Existed
Hoa/ Laughed
Hasiya . Ņacciya Jaggiya "Hoya ta
Hasita : Laughed Naccita : Danced Jaggita =Woke up Hota - Existed
Hasida • Laughed Naccida -Danced Jaggida :Woke up Hoda : Existed Note - a of a-ending verbs is changed into i. (i) Use in sentences
(Subject Masculine) (Active Voice) (Singular) Narindo Hasio/Hasito/Hasido = The King laughed.
Narindo Hoo/Hoto/Hodo : The King existed. Note • In Ardhamagadhi, Narinda-Narinde is also used. So the sentence will be Narinde Hasie/Hasite - The king laughs.
- Ho
da
Pråkrta Grammar and Composition
81
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