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(D-2) Obligatory and Potential
Participle Passive Voice Mai/Mae/Me/Mamae/ Kajjam (1/1) Kariavvam/ etc.
The work should be done by me.
(D-3) Ordinary Present Participle Aham/Ham/Ammi
Kajjam (1/1) Karanto/
Karamano
Harisami/Harisämi/etc.
Doing the work, I rejoice.
(D-4) Ordinary Absolutive
Aham/Ham/Ammi
Kajjam (1/1) Kariūna/etc. Harisami/Harisămi/etc. Having done the work, I rejoice.
Pråkrta Grammar and Composition
Jain Education International
Causative Obligatory and Potential Participle
Passive Voice
Suffixes: avi, 0 (Zero)
Mai/Mae/Me/Mamae
Kajjam (1/1) Teņa (3/1)
(i) Karāviavvam/etc.
(i) Kāriavvam/etc.
I should get the work done by him.
Causative Present Participle
Suffixes: àvi, 0 (Zero)
Aham/Ham/Ammi
Kajjam (1/1)/
(i) Karavanto/Karāvamāņo (ii) Karanto/Kāramāno/etc. Harisami/Harisămi/etc. Causing him to do the work, I rejoice.
Tena
Causative Absolutive Suffixes: avi, 0 (Zero) Aham/Ham/Ammi
Kajjam (1/1)
(i) Karāviūna/etc. (ii) Kāriūna/etc.
For Private & Personal Use Only
Tena
Harisami/Harisȧmi/etc.
Having got the work done, I rejoice.
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