________________
(C-4)
(C-5)
Ordinary Present
Participle
Aham/Ham/Ammi
Hasanto/Hasamano/etc.
188
Uṭṭhami/etc.
Laughing, I get up.
Ordinary Absolutive
Aham/Ham/Ammi
Hasiūna/Hasidūņa/etc.
Jivami/etc.
Having laughed, I live.
(C-6) Ordinary Infinitive
Aham/Ham/Ammi
Hasium/Hasidum/etc.
Jivami/etc.
I live to laugh.
(D)
Transitive Verb:
(D-1) Ordinary Past Participle
Passive Voice
Mai/Mae/Me/Mamae
Kajjam (1/1) Kariam/
Kara
Karidam/etc.
The work was done by me.
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Causative Present
Participle
Suffixes: avi, 0 (Zero)
Aham/Ham/Ammi
(i) Hasavanto/Hsāvamāņo
(ii) Hasanto/Hāsamāņo
Tam
Utthami/etc.
Causing him to laugh, I get
up.
Causative Absolutive
Suffixes: avi, 0 (Zero)
Aham/Ham/Ammi
(i) Hasȧviūna/Hasavidūņa/etc. (ii) Hāsiūṇa/Häsidūņa/etc. Jivami/etc.
Having caused him to laugh, I live.
Tam
Causative Infinitive
Suffixes: avi, 0 (Zero) Aham/Ham/Ammi
= To do
(i) Hasavium/Hasăvidum/etc. (ii) Hasium/Hasidum/etc. Jivami/etc.
I live to make him laugh.
Tam
For Private & Personal Use Only
Causative Past Participle
Passive Voice
Suffixes: avi, 0 (Zero)
Mai/Mae/Me/Mamae
Teņa (3/1) Kajjaṁ (1/1) (i) Karāviam/Karȧvidam/etc. (ii) Kāriam/Karidam/etc. I got the work done by him.
Prákrta Grammar and Composition
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