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activities (Yogas) - these five are the conditions of bondage. We can say that Mithyā Darśana (perverse attitude), Mithya Jñāna (perverse knowledge) and Mithyā Caritra (immoral conduct) are also responsible for our worldly existence or bondage. But perversity of knowledge and conduct depends upon the perversity of attitude.
Thus, the perversity of attitude, which is due to Darśanamoha is one of the important factors of bondage. Nonabstinence, spiritual inertia and passions are due to the presence of perverse attitude. Though perverse activities of mind, body and speech known as Yoga are considered the cause of bondage yet these, in themselves, are incapable of bondage unless by perverse attitude and passions. They are only the cause of Asrava (influx of Karmic matter), not the cause of bondage. Bondage is possible only through the Yoga in association with perverse attitude and passions. The perverse attitude (Mithya-Darśana) and the passions (Kasaya) are mutually cause and effect of each other just as the egg and the hen or the seed and the tree. We cannot fix the priority of one over the other, passions are due to the perverse attitude and perverse attitude is due to the passions.
EARLY JAINA DOCTRINE OF KARMA/BONDAGE
According to Jaina philosophy every activity of mind, speech and body is followed by the influx of a finer type of atoms, which are technically known as Karma-Vargana-Pudgala. In the presence of passions, this influx (Asrava) of karmic matter causes bondage, which is of four types 1. Kind (Prakrti), 2. Quantity (Pradesa), 3. Duration (Sthiti) and 4. Intensity (Anubhaga) (Tattvārthasūtra, 8.4). The activities of mind, body and speech, technically known as yogas, determine the Prakrti and the Pradesa
197 Jainism and its History
