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Bharat and Bahubali; Bharat who wanted to be a Cakravarti King attacked Bahubali who accept his sovereignty. Both were engaged in war, refused to when they were suggested for a non-violent method of war, both of them agreed to. In our age Mahatma Gandhi had demonstrated the way of passive resistance i.e. Satyagraha. Jainism sets its goal as the ideal of complete nonviolence external as well as internal. The realization of this ideal in the practical life is by no means easy. Non-violence is a spiritual ideal, fully realizable only in the spiritual plane. The real life of an individual is a physio-spiritual complex. At this level complete nonviolence is not possible.
According to Jaina thinkers the violence is of four kinds (i) deliberate (Samkalpi) or aggressive violence i.e. intentional killing (ii) protective violence i.e. the violence which takes place in saving the life of one's own or his fellow being or in order to make peace and ensure justice in the society (iii) Occupational i.e. violence taking place in doing agriculture or in running the factories and industries (iv) violence involved in performing the daily routine of a house-holder such as bathing, cooking, walking etc.
The first form of violence must be shunned by all, because ii relates to our mental proclivities. So far as the thoughts are concerned, a man is his own master. So it is obligatory for all to be non-violent in this sphere. From the behavioural point of view, deliberate violence is aggressive, It is neither necessary for self-defense nor for the living.
The Second form of violence is defensive taking place in the activity of defense. It becomes necessary for the security of one's life. External circumstances may compel a person to be violent or to counter attack in defense of his own life or that of his companions or for the protection of his belongings. A person living in family is unable to keep away completely from this type of violence because
247 Jainism and its History
