Book Title: Indian Antiquary Vol 49
Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
Publisher: Swati Publications

Previous | Next

Page 134
________________ 130 THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY [JULY, 1920 from the Kaufiltya. In the English translation of the latter, the differences have not been clearly kept in view. (5) The term sandhi bears in reality various meanings and cannot be rendered by the expression treaty of peace." Even in the Kamandaklya, the term has been in one place used in the sense of alliance. In the English translation, the various meanings have been missed, giving rise to confusion in several chapters. (6) The dandopanata and the dandopandy are totally different individuals and the confusion between them appearing in the English tranalation should be guarded against. (7) One is led to suppose from the English translation that a state could be attacked by another state without any previous provocation. I have attempted to prove this supposition to be baseless. Section 1. (A). It was usual with the ancient Hindu writers on Polity to commence their discourses on inter-state relations by imagining a number of states of with special names, and inclined to one another as friends or enemies, the statal cirole. owing to thoir mutual spacial correlation. The adjacenoy of ono state to another, which is obviously a fruitful source of rivalry and differences, was taken to be the determining factor of their mutual attitude. If A be the state with which we start our discourse and Bits immediate neighbour, it would be allowable to Adjacency creating inter that ordinarily they would be hostilo to such other. Tha samo enmity. inference applies to A's relation to any other of the states which, liko B, may happen to be its immediate neighbour. The territories of the first neighbours of A therefore constitute a zone of natural enmity towards A. Not so the zone of second neigh bours indicated by C. The C's being the immediate neighbours of Two sons of onmity the B's are hostile to them and therefore friendly to A. The second and friendliness. zone therefore is one of natural friendliness towards A. For the present parpose, we need take into consideration A the central state (vijigishu) and ono state from each of the zones, keeping their adjacency intact (Diagram I). Let us put down in a separate diagram this set of ABC, and by applying the aforesaid determiner of friendliness and enmity, add D, E and F to their numbers of the principle. application (Diagram II). D being in the second zone from B would be its friend, and E and F, for the same reason, friendly to and D respectively. We can now name the states as follows: (1) A=Central state (vijiglahu); (2) B-Enemy (ie, of A) [ari]; (3) C-Friend (ie. of A) [mitra); (4) D-B's friend i.e. enemy's friend (ari-mitra). 1 "Tasya samantato mandalibhata bhom-yantara ari-prakritib"-Kaufiliya, Bk. VI, ch. 2, p. 258. Within this sone, congenital enemies (sahaja) sre created by common lineage, and acquired enemies (eritrima) by actual opposition or causing of opposition (Kautilya, Bk. VI, ch. 2, p. 258). 1 "Tath-airs bhůmy-okAntark mitra-prakpitih "-Ibid. Within this sone aldo, congenital and soquirod friends are distinguished (Kauf illya, Dk. VI, ch. 2, p. 958). Vijgtahu literally means a state bont on conqueste. But as this desire is not the peculiar characteristio of A alono, it is better to attach to the term somo colourless signification and to render it socordingly.

Loading...

Page Navigation
1 ... 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252