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234
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARI.
(SEPTEMBER, 1899.
(3) An EXPLICATOR, or explanatory of its subject or complement (4) A PREDICATOR, or indicative of its predicate. (5) An ILLUSTRATOR, or illustrative of its predicate or complement, or of the explanation
of its subject or complement. (6) A CONNECTOB, or explanatory of the inter-relation of its components. (7) An INTRODUCTOR, or explanatory of its purpose. (8) A REPRRENT CONJUONTOR, or explanatory of the inter-relation of connected sen
tences by joining them. (9) A REFERENT BUBSTITUTE, or explanatory of the inter-relation of connected sentences by
substitution of itself in the subordinate sentence for the word in the principal
sentence to which it refers. An individual word may fulfil all the functions of words, or it may falfil only one function, or it may fulfil many functions. When a word can fulfil more than one function, the function it fulfils in a particular sentence is indicated by its position in the sentence, either without variation of form or with variation of form. There are, therefore, CLASSES OF WORDS.
Since a word may fulfil only one function, there are as many classes as there are functions. Also, since a word may fulfil more than one function, it may belong to as many classes as there are functions which it can fulfil. A word may, therefore, be transferable from one class to another; and this transfer may be effected by its position in the sentence without variation of form, or with variation of form. The class to which a word belongs may, therefore, be indicated by its YORM.
When a word is transferable from one class to another, it belongs primarily to a certain clans, and secondarily to other classes. But, since by transfer to another class from the class to which it primarily belongs (with or without variation of form) the word fulfils a new function, it becomes a new word connected with the original word. The relation between CONNECTED WORDS is that of parent and off-shoot. Since the form of a word may indicate its class, both parent and off-shoot may assume the forms of the classes to which they respectively belong.
When connected words differ in form, they consist of a principal part or BT EM, and an additional part or FUNCTIONAL APYIX. The function of the stem is to indicate the meaning of the word. The function of the functional affix is to modify that meaning with reference to the function of the word. This modifioation may be effected by indicating the class to which the word belongs, or by indicating its relation or correlation to the other words in the sentence.
A stem may be an original meaning or SIMPLE STEM, or it may be a modification of an original meaning of COMPOUND STEM. A compound stem consists of a principal part or ROOT, and additional parts or BADICAL APTIXES. The function of the root is to indicate the orginal meaning of the stem. The function of the radical affixes is to indicate the modifications by which the meaning of the root has been changed into the meaning of the stem,
Since words fulfil fanctions and belong to classes, they possess inherent qualities. The inherent qualities of words may be indicated by QUALITATIVA ATTIXB8.
Affixes are, therefore, functional, or indicative of the function of the word to which they are affixed, or of its relation or correlation to the other words in the sentence ; radical, or indicative of the modifications of meaning which its root has undergone; qualitative, or indicative of its inherent qualities. Affixes may be
(1) PREFIXES, or prefixed to the root, stem, or word; (2) INTIXES, or fized into the root, stem, or word; (8) SUFFIXES, or suffixed to the root, stem, or word.
