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270
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
(OCTOBER, 1899.
of karun ( $ 84); lékha, 1 sg. pres. (subj.) of lékhun (lekhun), to write ; sahih (Arab.), adj., complete, correct; pôhí, instr. sg. of poth, m., manner (cf. above yitha pôp ); sôru-y kéh, all that, the entire ($ 248); cháni, abl. fem., possess. pron. ( $ 232); khôtra, for the sake of (208); ay, interj. ; fazil (Arab.), excellent; Thyófilus, Theophilus ; bitartib (Arab.), adv. from bi, in, + tartib, order ; yuth, conj., as; timan, dat. plur., dem, pron. ($ 243); kathan-hant, gen. pl. fem. sg., of kath, a word, teaching; rasti (Pers.), fem, rightness, truth; yima-hanz, gen. pl., rel. pron., agreeing with ta'lim (Arab), fem., teaching, instruction; chhe-y, there is to you (§ 164); hétsmats (for hetsmats) (m. hyutmut), perf. part. fem. of hern, to take, agreeing with ta'lim ; zúnak, 2nd pers. pres. (subj.) of sánun, to know, to learn.
262. Literal Translation. (1) Fornsmuchas by many was the waistband tightened (i, e., it was undertaken) that of those things which happened among us (that) declaration they should mako; (2) in the manner in which by them, wbo from the beginner self-seers (ie., eye-witnesses) and of-theword ministry-doers (ministers) were, to as delivery was made; (3) by me also it was thought proper that from the beginning diligence and understanding having made (i. e., with diligence And understanding), I should write in a truthful manner everything for thy sake, O excellent Theophilus, in order; (4) so that of those things the truth, of-which by-thee instruction has-by-thee been-taken, thou-mayst-know.
(To be continued.)
THE COPPER COINAGE OF MADRAS PRESIDENCY.
BY REV A. WESTCOTT.
Preface. The numismatic enthnsiast in Southern India cannot fail to be bewildered by the extraordinary multiplicity of the copper coins which fall in his way. Leaving on one side the coinage of native potentates, he finds that the early coinage of the Companies in itself offers a wide freld for his energies. In the absence of any complete catalogue he knows not what to expect, and experiences much difficulty in arranging the specimens which he has secured. By the aid of Atkins' Colonial Coins, and Thurston's Madras Museum Catalogue, he can compile a fairly complete list of the gold and silver coinage, but to the copper coinage, especially in its. early stages, he has no adequate guide.
With the view to preparing the way for & more or less complete guide to these coins, I have arranged a tentative catalogue comprising those coins of which mention has been made in other available lists, adding thereto some pieces in my own collection which do not appear to have been published hitherto.
A. Copper Coins of the London Company." [Abbreviations :
A. = Atkins' Coins of British Possessions and Colonies. H. Holtzsch (article in Indian Antiquary, Vol. XXI.). T. = Thnrston's Catalogue of Coins in Madras Museum.]
1 Queen Elizabeth in 1600 granted Royal Charter to 'The Governor and Company of Merchants trading into the East Indies.'
This London Company's first settlement on the Coromandel Coast was at Pulioat, where they had a precarious tenure by favour of the Dutch. In 1680 they obtained an independent settlement at Masulipatam, and in 1825 were able to open a branch ostablishment at Armaghim. Their third settlement, in Madrms, together with the right to coin money, was purchased from the Raja of Chandragiri in 1689.
