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________________ jJAnabhANDAroM para eka dRSTipAta akhila bhAratIya prAcyavidyA pariSadale 17ce adhivezanake prasaMga para gujarAta vidyAsabhA, ahamadAbAda zrI bho. je. adhyayana-saMzodhana vidyAbhavana yojita sAhitya-pradarzanIke prayojaka muni zrI puNyavijayajIkA pravacana IHIMILLE 30 aktUbara, 1953
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________________ jJAnabhANDAroM para eka dRSTipAta akhila bhAratIya prAcyavidyA pariSadke 17veM adhivezanake prasaMga para gujarAta vidyAsabhA, ahamadAbAda zrI bho. je. adhyayana-saMzodhana vidyAbhavana __ yojita sAhitya-pradarzanIke prayojaka muni zrI puNyavijayajIkA tavacana MItte 30 aktUbara, 1953
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________________ sAhitya-pradarzanI vibhAga aura unakA avalokana AjakI hamArI sAhitya-pradarzanI meM vidvAn, jijJAsu evaM sAmAnya janatA - sabako lakSameM rakha kara jude jude vibhAga kie gae haiM / sAmAnya janatAkA sambandha to sirfa citra tathA camakIlI - bhar3akIlI vastuoMke sAtha hI hotA hai jaba ki vidvAn evaM jijJAsukA to pratyeka vastuke sAtha tanmayatApUrNa sambandha hotA hai / ataH unheM sAhitya-pradarzanIke vibhAgoMkA avalokana isI dRSTise karanA caahie| aisI sAhityika pradarzanI meM suvidhA evaM yogyatAke anusAra cAhe jo bastu cAhe jisa sthAna para rakhI ho, parantu yahA~ para jo sUcanA tathA tAlikA dI gaI hai usake AdhAra para prekSaka una una vastuoMkA paryavekSaNa kreN| isI dRSTise yaha tAlikA dI gaI hai| sAhitya evaM kalA sambandhI vijJAnakI apekSAse pradarzanIkA mahatva hai, aura hameM yaha nahIM bhUlanA cAhie ki pradarzanIkI saccI AtmA evaM hArda bhI yahI hai / yaha dRSTikoNa sammukha rakhakara yadi pradarzanIkA nirIkSaNa kiyA jAya to vaha rasaprada evaM hamAre jIvanameM preraNAdAyI bana sakegA / tAlikA 1. sAhitya vibhAgakI dRSTise pradarzanI meM vyAkaraNa, koza, chanda, alaMkAra, kAvya, nATaka, dArzanika sAhitya, aitihAsika sAhitya, prAcIna gujarAtI
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________________ hindI sAhitya, jyotiSa, vaidyaka, phArasI sAhitya, gurumukhImeM likhI huI pustakeM Adi rakhe gae haiN| 2. jainetara vidvAnoMke likhe granthoMke Upara jainAcAryoM dvArA racita vyAkhyA-grantha / 3. digambarAcArya kRta grNth| 4. eka hI vyaktike likhAe hue granthoMkI rAzi / 5. viSayAnukramase zreNibaddha likhAe grantha / 6. granthakAroMkI svayaM likhI huI yA zuddha kI huI yA likhAI huI prtiyaaN| 7. granthakI racanAke bAda usameM kie gae savizeSa parivartanakI sUcaka prati / 8. qhAsa qhAsa mahApuruSoMke hastAkSara / 9. zrAvaka aura zrAvikA dvArA likhita tAr3apatrIya prati / 10. zuddha kie hue tathA TippaNI kie hue grantha / 11. syAhIkI praur3hatA aura eka jaisI likhAvaTako sUcita karanevAlI prantha saamgrii| 12. lekhanapaddhatike prakAra - tripATha, paMcapATha, sastabaka aadi| 13. bhinna bhinna zatAbdiyoMkI bhinna bhinna prakArakI lipiyA~ / 14. tAr3apatrIya akSarAMkoMkA darzana / 15. prAcIna bhAratameM vyavahRta kAgaz2oMkI judI judI jaateN| 1 pradarzanI dekhanevAle prekSakoMko eka khAsa sUcanA hai ki yahA~ para rakhI gaI sAmagrImeM jo usake lekhana Adike saMvatkA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai vaha vikrama saMvat samajhanA caahie|
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________________ 16. rAjakIya itihAsakI dRSTise pratiyoMkA saMkalana / 17. sunaharI aura rupaharI akSaroMmeM likhita sacitra kalpasUtra aadi| 18. sacitra tAr3apatrIya tathA kAgaz2akI pratiyA~ / 19. citrazobhana, riktalipicitramaya, lipicitramaya, aMkacitramaya, citrakarNikA, citrapuSpikA, citrakAvyamaya pratiyA~ / 20. vijJaptipatra evaM vardhamAna-vidyA Adike paTa / 21. aneka prakArake bAz2I, gaMjIphe aadi| 22. jIrNa-zIrNa, sar3I-galI pratiyAko kAgaz2a Adi cipakA kara unakA punaruddhAra karanekI kalA pradarzita karanevAlA granthasaMgraha / 22. tAr3apatra, kAgaz2a Adike namUne / 24. lekhanakI sAmagrI-dAvAta, kalama, tUlikA (pIMchI), granthI, baTTe, olie, jujavala, prAkAra, syAhI, haratAla aadi| 25. bhinna bhinna prakArake sacitra sundara Dibbe aura paatthe| __ Upara jo vibhAga die gae haiM unameMse kucha aise bhI haiM jinakA yadi svataMtra vivecana na kiyA jAya to unake bAremeM spaSTa khyAla nahIM A sktaa| parantu isa saMkSipta lekhameM unakA vivecana denA zakya nahIM hai| prastuta vibhAgoMmeM zrAvakA sAvadevakI sundara lipimeM likhI huI eka tAr3apatrIya prati hai / hamAre jJAnabhANDAroMmeM puruSa lekhaka - sAdhu kiMvA zrAvaka dvArA likhita granthoMkI naqaleM to saikar3oM aura haz2AroMkI saMkhyAmeM milatI haiM, parantu sAdhviyoM evaM zrAvikAoMke hAthakI likhI huI pratiyA~ to kabhI kabhIvirala hI dekhanemeM AtI haiM / mere praguru pUjya pravartaka dAdA zrIkAntivijaya mahArAjazrIne mer3atAke jJAnabhANDArameM zrAvikA rupAdeke hAthakI likhI huI malayagirikI AvazyakavRttikI prati dekhI thI, parantu Aja vaha prati vahA~ke bhANDArameM nahIM hai| isa samaya to hamAre sammukha prAcIna ginI jA sake aisI yahI eka mAtra prati hai aura vaha hai khambhAtake shaantinaath-bhaannddaarmeN|
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________________ jJAnabhANDAroM para eka dRSTipAta isa yugake vikasita sAdhana aura vikasita vyavahArakI dRSTise lAibrerI yA pustakAlayoMkA vizvameM jo sthAna hai vahI sthAna pahale ke samaya meM usa yugakI maryAdAke anusAra bhANDArokA thaa| dhana, dhAnya, vastra, pAtra Adi dunyavI cIz2oMke bhANDAroMkI taraha zAstroMkA bhI bhANDAra arthAt saMgraha hotA thA jise dharmajIvI aura vidyAjIvI RSi-muni yA vidvAn hI karate the / yaha prathA kisI eka deza, kisI eka dharma yA kisI eka paramparAmeM sImita nahIM rahI hai| bhAratIya AryoMkI taraha IrAnI Arya, krizciyana aura musalamAna bhI apane sammAnya zAstroM kA saMgraha sarvadA karate raheM haiM / bhaNDAra ke itihAsake sAtha aneka bAteM saMkalita haiM- lipi, lekhanakalA, lekhanake sAdhana, lekhanakA vyavasAya ityAdi / parantu yahA~ to maiM apane lagabhaga cAlIsa varSake pratyakSa anubhavase jo bAteM jJAta huI haiM unhIM kA saMkSepa meM nirdeza karanA cAhatA hU~ / jahA~ taka maiM jAnatA hU~, kaha sakatA hU~ ki bhArata meM do prakArake bhANDAra mukhyatayA dekhe jAte haiM - vyaktigata mAlikIke aura sAMghika mAlikIke / vaidika paramparA meM pustaka-saMgrahoM kA mukhya sambandha brAhmaNavargake sAtha rahA hai / brAhmaNavarga gRhasthAzramapradhAna hai| use putra - parivAra AdikA parigraha bhI iSTa hai - zAstrasammata hai / ataeva brAhmaNa-paramparAke vidvAnoMke pustaka-saMgraha mukhyatayA vyaktigata mAlikIke rahe haiM, aura Aja bhI haiN| gujarAta, rAjasthAna, uttarapradeza, bihAra, baMgAla, mithilA yA dakSiNake kisI pradezameM jAkara purAne brAhmaNa-paramparA ke saMgrahoM ko hama dekhanA cAheM to ve kisI-na-kisI vyaktigata kuTumbakI mAlikIke hI mila sakate haiN| parantu bhikSu paramparA meM isase ulaTA prakAra hai| bauddha, jaina jaisI paramparAe~ bhikSu yA zramaNa paramparAmeM sammilita haiN| yadyapi bhikSu yA zramaNa gRhasthoM ke avalambanase hI dharma yA vidyAkA saMrakSaNa, saMvardhana karate haiM to bhI unakA nijI jIvana aura uddeza aparigrahake siddhAntapara avalambita hai - unakA
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________________ koI nijI putra-parivAra Adi nahIM hotaa| ataeva unake dvArA kiyA jAnevAlA yA saMrakSaNa pAnevAlA granthasaMgraha sAMdhika mAliMkIkA rahA hai aura Aja bhI hai| kisI bauddha vihAra yA kisI jaina saMsthAmeM kisI eka AcArya yA vidvAnkA prAdhAnya kabhI rahA bhI ho taba bhI usake AzrayameM bane yA saMrakSita jJAnabhANDAra tattvataH saMbakI mAlikIkA hI rahatA hai yA mAnA jAtA hai| ... sAmAnyarUpase hama yahI jAnate haiM ki isa dezameM bauddha vihAra na honese bauddha saMghake bhANDAra bhI nahIM haiM, parantu vastusthiti judA hai / yahA~ke purAne bauddha vihAroMke choTe-bar3e aneka pustaka-saMgraha kucha usa rUpameM aura kucha nayA rUpa lekara bhAratake par3ausI aneka dezoMmeM gae / nepAla, tibbata, cIna, sIlona, barmA Adi aneka dezoMmeM purAne bauddha zAstrasaMgraha Aja bhI sulabha haiN| jaina-paramparAke bhikSu bhAratake bAhara nahIM ge| isalie unake zAstrasaMgraha bhI mukhyatayA bhAratameM hI rhe| zAyada bhAratakA aisA koI bhAga nahIM jahA~ jaina pustaka-saMgraha thor3e bahuta pramANameM na mile / dUra dakSiNameM karNATaka, Andhra, tAmila Adi pradezoMse lekara uttarake paMjAba, yuktapradeza taka aura pUrvake baMgAla, bihArase lekara pazcimake kaccha, saurASTra taka jaina bhANDAra Aja bhI dekhe jAte haiM, phira bhale hI kahIM ve nAma mAtrake hoM / ye saba bhANDAra mUlameM sAMdhika mAlikIkI haisiyatase hI sthApita hue haiN| sAMdhika mAlikIke bhANDAroMkA mukhya lAbha yaha hai ki unakI vRddhi, saMrakSaNa Adi kAryoMmeM sArA saMgha bhAga letA hai aura saMghake jude jude darjeke anuyAyI gRhastha dhanI usameM apanA bhaktipUrvaka sAtha dete haiM jisase bhANDAroMkI zAstrasamRddhi bahuta bar3ha jAtI hai aura usakI rakSA bhI ThIka ThIka hone pAtI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki bIcake andhAdhundhIke samaya saikar3oM vighna-bAdhAoMke hote hue bhI hajAroMkI saMkhyAmeM purAne bhANDAra surakSita rahe aura purAne bhANDAroMkI kAyApara nae bhANDAroMkI sthApanA tathA vRddhi hotI rahI, jo paramparA Aja taka cAlU rhii| isa viSayameM do-eka aitihAsika udAharaNa kAphI haiN| jaba pATana, khambhAta
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________________ Adi sthAnoMmeM kucha utpAta dekhA to AcAryAMne bahumUlya zAstra sampatti jesalamera Adi jaise dUravartI surakSita sthAnoMmeM sthAnAntarita kI / isase ulaTA, jahA~ aise utpAtakA sambhava na thA vahA~ purAne saMgraha vaise hI cAlU rahe, jaise ki karNATakake digambara bhANDAra / yo to vaidika, bauddha Adi paramparAoMke granthoMke sAtha merA vahI bhAva va sambandha hai jaisA jaina- paramparAke zAstra-saMgrahoM ke saath| to bhI mere kAryakA mukhya sambandha paristhitikI dRSTise jaina bhANDAroMke sAtha rahA hai| isase maiM unhIMke anubhavapara yahA~ vicAra prastuta karatA hU~ / bhAratameM kamase kama pA~ca sau zahara, gA~va, kasabe Adi sthAna hoMge jahA~ jaina zAstrasaMgraha pAyA jAtA hai| pA~ca saukI saMkhyA - yaha to sthAnoMkI saMkhyA hai, bhANDAroMkI nhiiN| bhANDAra to kisI eka zahara, eka kasabe yA eka gA~vameM pandraha-bIsa se lekara do pA~ca taka pAe jAte haiM / pATanameM bIsa se adhika bhANDAra haiM to ahamadAbAda, sUrata, bIkAnera Adi sthAnoM meM bhI dasa dasa, pandraha pandrahake AsapAsa hoNge| bhANDArakA qada bhI sabakA ekasA nahIM | kisI kisI bhANDAra meM pacIsa hajAra taka grantha haiM to kisI kisImeM do sau, pA~ca sau bhI haiN| bhANDAroMkA mahattva judI judI dRSTi se AMkA jAtA hai - kisI meM grantharAzi vipula hai to viSaya-vaividhya kama hai; kisImeM viSaya- vaividhya bahuta adhika hai to apekSAkRta prAcInatva kama hai; kisI meM prAcInatA bahuta adhika hai; kisI meM jainetara bauddha, vaidika jaisI paramparAoke mahatvapUrNa grantha zuddha rUpameM saMgRhIta haiM to kisImeM thor3e bhI grantha aise haiM jo usa bhANDArake sivAya duniyAke kisI bhAgameM abhI taka prApta nahIM haiM, qhAsakara aise grantha bauddha paramparA ke haiM; kisImeM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, prAcIna gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI, hindI, fArasI Adi bhASA-vaividhya kI dRSTise grantharAzikA mahattva hai to kisI kisImeM purAne tAr3apatra aura citrasamRddhikA mahatva hai / saurASTra, gujarAta aura rAjasthAnake jude jude sthAnoMmeM maiM rahA hU~ aura bhramaNa bhI kiyA hai| maiMne lagabhaga cAlIsa sthAnoMke saba bhANDAra dekhe haiM
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________________ aura lagabhaga pacAsa bhANDAroMmeM to pratyakSa baiThakara kAma kiyA hai| itane parimita anubhavase bhI jo sAdhana-sAmagrI jJAta evaM hastagata huI hai usake AdhAra para maiM kaha sakatA hU~ ki vaidika, bauddha evaM jaina paramparA ke prAcIna tathA madhyayugIna zAstroMke saMzodhana AdimeM jinheM rasa hai unake liye aparimita sAmagrI upalabdha hai. I zvetAmbara, digambara, sthAnakavAsI aura terahapaMthI- ina cAra firakoMke Azrita jaina bhANDAra haiM / yoM to maiM ukta saba phirakoMke bhANDAroMse thor3A bahuta paricita hU~ to bhI merA sabase adhika paricaya tathA pratyakSa sambandha zvetAmbara paramparA bhANDAroMse hI rahA hai / merA khyAla hai ki viSaya tathA bhASAke vaividhyakI dRSTise, grantha saMkhyA kI dRSTise, prAcInatA kI dRSTise, granthoMke qada, prakAra, alaMkaraNa AdikI dRSTise tathA alabhya, durlabhya aura sulabha parantu zuddha aise bauddha, vaidika jaisI jainetara paramparAoke bahumUlya vividha viSayaka granthoMke saMgrahakI dRSTise zvetAmbara paramparAke aneka bhANDAra itane mahattva haiM jitane mahatva ke anya sthAnoMke nahIM / mAdhyamakI dRSTise mere dekhanemeM Ae granthoMke tIna prakAra haiM - tAr3apatra, kAgaja aura kapar3A / tAr3apatrake grantha vikramakI navIM zatIse lekara solahavIM zatI taka milate haiN| kAgaz2ake grantha jaina bhANDAroMmeM vikramakI terahavIM zatIke prArambhase abhI taka ke maujUda haiM / yadyapi madhya eziyAke yArakanda zahara se dakSiNakI ora 60 mIla para kugiyara sthAnase prApta kAgajake cAra grantha lagabhaga I. sa. kI pA~cavI zatIke mAne jAte haiM parantu itanA purAnA koI tAr3apatrIya yA kAgaz2I grantha abhItaka jaina bhANDAroMmeM se nahIM milA / parantu isakA artha itanA hI hai ki pUrvakAlameM likhe gae grantha jaise jaise bUr3he hue - nAzAbhimukha hue vaise vaise unake Uparase naI naI nakaleM hotI gaIM aura nae race jAnevAle grantha bhI likhe jAne lge| isa taraha hamAre sAmane jo granthasAmagrI maujUda hai usameM, merI dRSTise, vikramakI pUrva zatAbdiyoMse lekara navIM
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________________ zatAbdI takake granthoMkA avataraNa ha aura navauM zatAbdIke bAda nae race gae pranthoMkA bhI samAveza hai| - mere dekhe hue granthoMmeM tAr3apatrIya granthoMko saMkhyA lagabhaga 3,000(tIna haz2Ara) jitanI aura kAgaz2ake granthoMkI saMkhyA to do lAkhase kahIM adhika hai| yaha kahanekI z2arUrata nahIM ki isameM saba jaina phirakoMke saba bhANDAroMke pranthoMkI saMkhyA abhipreta nahIM hai, vaha saMkhyA to dasa-pandraha lAkhase bhI kahIM bar3ha jaaygii| judI judI apekSAse bhANDAroMkA vargIkaraNa nIce likhe anusAra kiyA jA sakatA hai / itanA dhyAnameM rahe ki yaha vargIkaraNa sthala hai| prAcInatAkI dRSTise tathA citrapaTTikA evaM anya citra samRddhikI dRSTise aura saMzodhita tathA zuddha kie hue Agamika sAhityakI evaM tArkika, dArza. nika sAhityakI dRSTi se - jisameM jaina paramparAke atirikta vaidika aura bauddha paramparAoMkA bhI samAveza hotA hai - pATana, khambhAta aura jesalamerake tAr3apatrIya saMgraha prathama Ate haiM / inameMse jesalamerakA kharatara-AcArya zrIjinabhadrasUri saMsthApita tAr3apatrIya bhANDAra prathama dhyAna khAcatA hai| navIM zatAbdIvAlA tAr3apatrIya grantha vizeSAvazyaka mahAbhASya jo lipi, bhASA aura viSayakI dRSTi se mahatva rakhatA hai vaha pahale pahala isI saMgrahameM se milA hai| isa saMgrahameM jitanI aura jaisI prAcIna citrapaTTikAe~ tathA itara purAnI citrasamRddhi hai utanI purAnI aura vaisI kisI eka bhANDArameM labhya nahIM / isI tAr3apatrIya saMgrahameM jo Agamika grantha haiM ve bahudhA saMzodhita aura zuddha kie hue haiM / vaidika paramparAke vizeSa zuddha aura mahattvake kucha grantha aise haiM jo isa saMgrahameM haiN| isameM sAMkhyakArikA parakA gaur3apAda-bhASya tathA itara vRttiyA~ haiM / yogasUtrake UparakI vyAsabhASya sahita tattvavaizAradI TIkA hai / gItAkA zAMkarabhASya aura zrIharSakA khaNDanakhaNDakhAdya hai / vaizeSika aura nyAyadarzanake bhASya aura unake UparakI kramika udayanAcArya takakI saba TIkAe~ maujUda haiN| nyAyasUtra UparakA bhASya,
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________________ usakA vArtika, vArtika parakI tAtparyaTIkA aura tAtparyaTIkA para tAtparyaparizuddhi tathA ina pA~coM granthoMke Upara viSamapadavivaraNarUpa 'paMcaprasthAna' nAmaka eka apUrva grantha isI saMgrahameM hai / bauddha paramparAke mahattvapUrNa tarka-granthoMmeMse saTIka saTippaNa nyAyabindu tathA saTIka saTippaNa tattvasaMgraha jaise kaI grantha haiM / yahA~ eka vastukI ora maiM qhAsa nirdeza karanA cAhatA hU~ jo saMzodhakoMke liye upayogI hai / apabhraMza bhASAke kaI aprakAzita tathA anyatra aprApya aise bArahavIM zatIke bar3e bar3e kathA-graMtha isa bhANDArameM haiM, jaise ki vilAsavaIkahA, ariThThanemicariu ityAdi / isI taraha chanda viSayaka kaI grantha haiM jinakI naqaleM purAtattvakovida zrI jinavijayajIne jesalamerameM jAkara karAI thii| unhIM nakaloke AdhAra para prophesara velinakarane unakA prakAzana kiyA hai / khambhAtake zrIzAntinAtha tAr3apatrIya-granthabhANDArakI do-eka vizeSatAe~ ye haiN| usameM citra samRddhi to hai hI, para gujarAtake suprasiddha maMtrI aura vidvAn vastupAlakI svahastalikhita dharmAbhyudaya-mahAkAvyakI prati hai / pATanake tIna tAr3apatrIya saMgrahoMkI aneka vizeSatAe~ haiN| unameMse eka to yaha hai ki vahIMse dharmakIrtikA hetubindu arcaTakI TIkAvAlA prApta huA jo abhItaka mUla saMskRtameM kahIMse nahIM milaa| jayarAzikA tatvopaplava jisakA anyatra koI patA nahIM vaha bhI yahIMse milaa| kAgaz2a-granthake aneka bhANDAroM se cAra-pA~cakA nirdeza ho yahA~ paryApta hogaa| pATanagata tapAgacchakA bhANDAra gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI, hindI aura fArasI bhASAke vividha viSayaka saikar3oM granthoMse samRddha hai jisameM 'AgamaDambara' nATaka bhI hai, jo anyatra durlabha hai / pATanagata bhAbhAke pADekA bhANDAra bhI kaI dRSTise mahattvakA hai| abhI abhI usImeMse chaThI-sAtavIM zatIke bauddha tArkika AcArya zrI dharmakIrtike suprasiddha 'pramANavArtika' granthako svopajJa vRtti milI hai jo tibbatase bhI Ajataka prApta nahIM huI / khambhAtasthita jainazAlAkA bhANDAra bhI mahattva rakhatA hai| usImeM vi. saM. .1234kI
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________________ C 7 likhI jinezvarIya 'kathAkoza' kI prati hai| jaina bhANDAroM meM pAI jAnevAlI kAg2ajaMkIM pothiyoMmeM yaha sabase purAnI hai / ATha sau varSake bAda Aja bhI usake kAgaz2a kI sthiti acchI hai / upAdhyAya zrI yazovijayajI ke svahastalikhita kaI grantha, jaise ki viSayatAbAda, stotrasaMgraha Adi, usI bhANDArase abhI abhI mujhe mile haiN| jesalamerake eka kAgaz2ake bhANDArameM nyAya aura vaizeSika darzanake sUtra, bhAgya, TIkA, anuTIkA AdikA pUrA seTa bahuta zuddha rUpa meM tathA saTippaNa vidyamAna hai, jo vi. saM. 1279 meM likhA gayA hai / ahamadAvAdake kevala do bhANDAroMkA hI maiM nirdeza karatA hU~ | pagathiyAke upAzrayake saMgrahameMse upAdhyAya zrI yazovijaya jIke svahastalikhita prameyamAlA tathA vItarAgastotra aSTama prakAzakI vyAkhyA- ye do grantha abhI abhI AcArya zrI vijaya manoharasUrijI dvArA mile haiN| bAdazAha jahA~gIra dvArA sammAnita vidvAn bhAnucandra aura siddhicandra racita kaI grantha isI saMgrahameM haiM, jaise ki naiSadhakI tathA vAsavadattAkI TIkA aadi| devazA ke pADekA saMgraha bhI mahattvakA hai / isameM bhI bhAnucandra, siddhicandrake aneka grantha sune gae haiN| pATana kapar3e para patrAkArameM likhA abhI taka eka hI grantha milA hai, jo gata zrIsaMgha bhaNDArakA hai| yoM to rola - Tippaneke AkAra ke kapar3e para likhe hue kaI grantha mile haiM, para patrAkAra likhita yaha eka hI grantha hai / sone-cA~dIkI syAhIse bane tathA aneka raMgavAle saikar3oM nAnAvidha citra jaise tAr3apatrIya grantho para milate haiM vaise hI kAgaz2a ke granthoM para bhI haiM / isI taraha kAgaz2a tathA kapar3e para Alikhita alaMkArakhacita vijJaptipatra, citrapaTa bhI bahutAyata se milate haiM, pAThe (par3hate samaya panne rakhane tathA pratAkAra graMtha bA~dhane ke liye jo donoM ora gatte rakhe jAte haiM - puTThe), Dibbe Adi bhI sacitra tathA vividha AkArake prApta hote haiM / DibboMkI eka khUbI yaha bhI hai ki unameM se koI carmajaTita haiM, koI vastra jaTita haiM to koI kAgaz2ase mar3he hue haiM / jaisI AjakalakI chapI huI pustakoMkI jildoM para racanAe~ dekhI jAtI haiM vaisI ina DibboM para bhI ThappoMse - sA~coMse DhAlI huI aneka tarahakI raMga-biraMgI racanAe~ haiN| 11
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________________ Upara jo paricaya diyA gayA hai vaha mAtra digdarzana hai jisase prastuta pradarzanI meM upasthita kI huI nAnAvidha sAmagrI kI pUrva bhUmikA dhyAnameM A sake / yahA~ jo sAmagrI rakhI gaI hai vaha uparyukta bhANDAromeMse namUne ke taura para thor3I thor3I ekatra kI hai| jina bhANDAroMkA maiMne Upara nirdeza nahIM kiyA unameM se bhI dhyAna khIMce aisI aneka kRtiyA~ pradarzinI meM lAI gaI haiM, jo usa usa kRtike paricAyaka kArDa Adi para nirdiSTa haiM / tAr3apatra, kAgaja, kapar3A Adi para kina sAdhanoMse kisa kisa taraha likhA jAtA thA ?, tAr3apatra tathA kAgaz2a kahA~ kahA~se Ate the ?, ve kaise likhane lAyaka banAe jAte the, sone, cA~dIkI syAhI tathA itara raMga kaise taiyAra kie jAte the?, citrakI tUlikA Adi kaise hote the? ityAdi bAtoMkA yahA~ to maiM saMkSepameM hI nirdeza karU~gA / bAkI, isa bAremeM maiMne anyatra vistArase likhA hai| 12
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________________ lekhana viSayaka sAmagrI tAr3apatra aura kAgaz2a jJAnasaMgraha likhavAneke liye bhinna bhinna prakAra ke anchese anche tAr3apatra aura kAgaz2a apane dezake vibhinna bhAgoMmeM se maMgAe jAte the| tAr3apatra malabAra Adi sthAnoM meM se Ate the / pATana aura khambhAtake jJAnabhANDAroMmeM se isa bAreke pandrahavIM zatIke antake samayake ullekha upalabdha hote haiM / ve isa prakAra haiM: ||sN 1489 varSe jye0 vadi / patra 355 malabAranAM // varya pathala saMcayaH / / shrii|| ____pATanake bhANDArama sa mA isAsa milatA-julatA ullakha milA thaa| usameM to eka pannekI kImata bhI dI gaI thii| yadyapi vaha pannA Aja astavyasta ho gayA hai phira bhI usameM Ae hue ullekhake smaraNake AdhAra para eka pannA chaha AnekA AyA thaa| grantha likhaneke liye jisa taraha tAr3apatra malabAra jaise sudUravartI dezase maMgAe jAte the usI taraha acha jAtake kAgaz2a kAzmIra aura dakSiNa jaise dUrake dezoMse maMgAe jAte the | gujarAtameM ahamadAbAda, khambhAta, sUrata Adi aneka sthAnoMmeM acche aura maz2abUta kAg2az2a banate the| idharake vyApArI abhI taka apanI bahiyoMke liye inhIM sthAnoM ke kAgajakA upayoga karate rahe haiM / zAstra likhaneke liye sUrata se kAgaz2a maMgAne kA eka ullekha saMskRta padyameM milatA hai| vaha pada isa prakAra hai: " surApurataH kArakapatrANyAdAya cetasA bhaktyA / likhitA pratiH prazastA prayatnataH kanakasomena // " isakA sArAMza yaha hai ki sUrata zaharase kore kAgaz2a lA karake hArdika bhaktise kanakasoma nAmaka munine prayatnapUrvaka yaha prati likhI hai
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________________ tADapatrameM moTI-patalI, komala-rUkSa, lambIchoTI, caur3I-saMkarI Adi aneka prakArakI jAteM thIM / isI prakAra kAgaz2oMmeM bhI moTI-patalI, safedapAvalApana lI huI, komala-rUkSa, cikanI-sAdI Adi aneka jAteM thIM / inameM se zAstralekhanake liye, jahA~ taka ho sakatA thA vahA~ taka, acche se acche tAr3apatra aura kAgaz2akI pasaMdagI kI jAtI thii| kAgaz2akI aneka jAtoMmeM se kucha aise bhI kAgaz2a Ate the jo Ajakalake kArDa ke jaise moTe honeke sAtha hI sAtha maz2abUta bhI hote the| kucha aise bhI kAgaz2a the jo Ajake patale baTarapepara kI apekSA bhI kahIM adhika mahIna hote the / ina mahIna kAgaz2oMkI eka yaha vizeSatA thI ki usa para likhA huA dUsarI ora phailatA nahIM thaa| Upara jisakA ullekha kiyA gayA hai vaise bArIka aura moTe kAgaz2oMke Upara likhI huI DherakI Dhera pustakeM isa samaya bhI hamAre jJAnapADAroMmeM vidyamAna haiM / isake atirikta hamAre ina jJAnabhANDArokA yadi TakaraNa kiyA jAya to prAcIna samayameM hamAre dezameM bananevAle kAgaz2okI vividha jAteM hamAre dekhane meM Ae~gI / Upara kahI huI kAgaz2akI jAtomeM se kucha aisI bhI jAte haiM jo cAra sau, pAMca sau varSa bItane para bhI dhuMdhalI nahIM par3I haiN| yadi ina granthoMko hama dekheM to hameM aisA hI mAlUma hogA ki mAnoM ye naI hI pothiyA haiM / syAhI tAr3apatra aura kAgaz2ake Upara likhanekI syAhiyA bhI qhAsa vizeSa prakArako banatI thiiN| yadyapi Ajakala bhI tAr3apatra para likhaneko syAhIkI banAvaTake tarIkoMke vividha ullekha milate haiM phira bhI usakA saccA tarIkA, pandrahavIM zatIke uttarArddha meM lekhanake vAhanake rUpameM kAgaz2akI ora logoMkA dhyAna savizeSa AkarSita hone para, bahuta jaldI vismRta ho gayA / isa bAtakA anumAna hama pandrahavIM zatIke uttarArddha meM likhI gaI aneka tAr3apatrIya pothiyoM ke ukhar3e hue akSaroMko dekhakara kara sakate haiM / pandrahavIM zatIke pUrvArddha meM likhI haI tADapatra kI pothiyoMkI syAhIkI camaka aura usI
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________________ zatIke uttarArddha meM likhI huI tAr3apatrakI pothiyoMkI syAhIkI camakameM hama z2amIna-AsamAna kA pharka dekha sakate haiN| alabattA, pandrahavIM zatIke antameM dharaNA zAha Adine likhavAI huI tAr3apatrIya granthoMkI syAhI kucha ThIka hai phira bhI usI zatI ke pUrvArddha meM likhI gaI pothiyoM kI syAhI ke sAtha usakI tulanA nahIM kI jA sktii| kAgaz2a ke Upara likhanekI syAhIkA qhAsa prakAra Aja bhI jaisekA taisA surakSita rahA hai arthAt yaha syAhI cirakAla taka TikI rahatI hai aura granthako nahIM bigAr3atI / raMga jisa taraha granthoMke lekhana Adi ke liye kAlI, lAla, sunaharI, rupaharI Adi syAhiyA~ banAI jAtI thIM usI taraha grantha AdimeM usameM varNita viSayake anurUpa vividha prakArake citroMke Alekhanake liye aneka prakAra ke raMgokI anivArya AvazyakatA hotI thii| ye raMga vividha khanija aura vanaspati Adi padArtha tathA unake mizraNameMse sundara rUpase banAe jAte the yaha bAta hama hamArI A~khoMke sAmane AnevAle saikar3oM sacitra grantha dekhanese samajha sakate haiN| raMgoM kA yaha mizraNa aisI safAIke sAtha aura aise padArthoMkA kiyA jAtA thA jisase vaha granthako khA na DAle aura khuda bhI nisteja aura dhu~dhalA na par3e / lekhanI jisa taraha likhaneke liye drava dravyake rUpa meM syAhI Avazyaka vastu haiM usI taraha likhane ke sAdhana rUpase qalama, tUlikA Adi bhI Avazyaka padArtha haiM / yadyapi apanI apanI suvidhAse anusAra aneka prakArake sarakaNDe tathA narakaTa meM se kalameM banA lI AtI thIM phira bhI graMtha likhanevAle lahi yA lekhakako satata aura vyavasthita rUpase likhanA par3atA thA, isaliye qhAsa vizeSa prakArake sarakaNDe pasaMda kie jAte the / ye sarakaNDe vizeSata amuka prakArake bAMsake, kAle sarakaNDe athavA dAlacInI kI lakar3I jaise 17
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________________ pole aura maz2abUta narakaMTa adhika pasaMda kie jAte the| inameM se bhI kA parakaNDe adhika pasanda kie jAte the sarakaNDake guNa-doSakA vicAra bhI hamAre prAcIna granthoMmeM kiya hai ki kalama kaise banAnI tathA usakA kaTAva kaisA honA cAhie ityAdi / kalamake nApa Adike liye bhI bhinna bhinna prakArakI mAnyatAe~ hamAre yahA~ pracalita haiM / bhAjana dAvAta syAhI bharaneke liye apane yahA~ kA~cakI, saphAIdAra miTTIkI tathA tu Adi aneka prakArakI dAvAteM banatI hoMgI aura unakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hogA / parantu unake AkAra-prakAra prAcIna yugameM kaise hoMge - yaha jAnanekA viziSTa sAdhana isa samaya hamAre sammukha nahIM hai / phira bhI Aja hamAre sAmane do sau, tIna sau varSakI dhAtukI vividha prakArakI dAvateM vidyamAna haiM aura hamAre apane z2amAneke purAne lekhaka tathA vyApArI syAhI bharake liye jina dAvatoM tathA DibbiyoM kA upayoga karate Ae haiM una parase unake AkAra Adike bAremeM hameM kucha khyAla A sakatA hai / sAmAnyarUpase vicAra karanepara aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki kAMca yA miTTIkI dAvAtoM kI taraha TUTane kA bhaya na rahe isaliye pItala jaisI dhAtukI dAvateM aura DebbiyA hI adhika pasaMda kI jAtI hoMgI / oliyA athavA phA~TiyA grantha likhate samaya likhAIkI paMktiyA~ barAbara sIdhI likhaneke liye tAr3apatra Adike Upara usa z2amAnemeM kyA karate hoMge yaha hama nahIM jAnate, parantu tAr3apatrIya pustakoMkI jA~ca karane para amuka pustakoMke pratyeka pannekI pahalI paMkti syAhIse khIMcI huI dikhAI dekhI hai / isase aisA sambhava pratIta hotA hai ki pahalI paMktike anusAra anumAnase sIdhI likhAI likhI jAtI hogii| ke Upara likhe hae kacha pranthoM meM bhI Upara kI pahalI 16
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________________ 6 ukaura syAhIse khIMcI huI dIkha par3atI hai / isa parase aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki jabataka 'oliyA ' jaise sAdhanakI zodha nahIM huI hoMgI athavA vaha jabataka vyApaka nahIM huA hogA tabataka uparyukta tarIke se athavA usase milate-julate kisI dUsare tarIke se kAma liyA jAtA hogA / parantu grantha-lekhana ke liye kAgaz2a vyApaka bananepara likhAI saralatA se sIdhI likhI jA sake isaliye 'oliyA' banAne meM AyA / yaha oliyA ', gattA athavA lakar3Ika patalI paTTI meM samAnAntara surAqha karake aura unameM dhAgA pirokara usapara - bAgA idhara udhara na ho jAya isaliye zleSa ( goMda jaise cikane ) dravya lagAkara banAyA jAtA thA / isa tarIke se taiyAra hue olieke Upara panna rakhakara ekake bAda dUsarI isa taraha samUcI paMkti para u~galI se dabAkara lakI khIMcI jAtI thI / lakIra khIMcaneke isa sAdhanako 'oliyA ' athava 'phaoNTiyA' kahate haiM / gujarAta aura mAravAr3ake lahie Aja bhI isa sAdha nakA vyApakarUpase upayoga karate haiM / isa sAdhanadvArA taha lagAkara khIMca huI lakIreM prArambha meM Ajakala ke voTarakalarakI lakIroMvAle kAgaz2akI lakI jaisI dekhAI detI haiM, parantu pustaka ne nA naha baira jAne para likhA vaTa svAbhAvikasI dIkha paDatI hai , jujavala aura prAkAra pannA Upara athavA yaMtrapaTa Adi meM lakIreM khIMcaneke liye yadi kala makA upayoga kiyA jAya to usakI bArIka noka thor3I hI dera meM kU~cI jaisa ho jAya / isaliye hamAre yahA~ prAcIna samaya meM lakIreM khIMcaneke liye 'jujavala' kA prayoga kiyA jAtA thA / isakA agrabhAga cimaTekI taraha da tarapha mor3akara banAyA jAtA hai| isaliye ise 'jujavala' athavA 'jujabala' kahate haiM / yaha kisI-na-kisI dhAtukA banAyA jAtA hai / isI taraha yaMtra - paTAdimeM gola AkRti khIMcaneke liye prAkAra ( parakAla, aMo Compass ) 'oliyA' yaha nAma saMskRta 'Ali' athavA 'Avali' prAkRta '"" aura gujarAtI 'ola' da parase banA hai / C Re
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________________ banate the / isa prakArakA lakIra khIMcanekI taraphakA mu~ha jujavalase milatAjulatA hotA hai jisase gola AkRti khIMcaneke liye usameM syAhI Thahara sake / lipi jaina jJAnabhANDAragata zAstroMkI lipikI pahacAna kucha vidvAn jaina lipike nAmase karAte haiM / sAmAnyataH lipikA svarUpa prArambhameM eka jaisA hone para bhI samaya ke pravAhake sAtha vividha svabhAva, vividha deza evaM lipiyoMke samparka aura vibhinna paristhiti ke kAraNa vaha bhinna bhinna nAmase pahacAnI jAtI hai / yahI siddhAnta jaina- lipike bAremeM bhI lAgU hotA hai / udAharaNArtha, hama bhAratavarSakI pracalita lipiyoM ko hI dekheM / yadyapi ye saba eka hI brAhmI lipinI sahodara lar3akiyA~ hai phira bhI Aja to ve saba sautilI lar3akiyA~ jaisI bana gaI haiM / yahI bAta isa samaya pracalita hamArI devanAgarI lipika bhI lAgU hotI hai jo ki hindI, marAThI, brAhmaNa aura jaina Adi aneka vibhAgoM meM vibhakta ho gaI hai| jaina-lipi bhI lekhanapraNAlIke vaividhyako lekara yatiyoMkI lipi, kharatara gacchako lipi, mAravAr3I lekhakoMkI lipi, gujarAtI lekhakoM kI lipi Adi aneka vibhAgoM meM vibhakta hai / aisA hone para bhI vastutaH yaha sArA lipibheda lekhanapraNAlIke hI kAraNa paidA huA hai| bAknI, lipike maulika svarUpakI jise samajha hai usake liye jaina lipi jairsa koI vastu hI nahIM hai| prasaMgopAtta hama yahA~ para eka OMkAra akSara hI leM jaina-lipi aura marAThI, hindI Adi lipimeM bhinna bhinna rUpase dikhAI denevAle isa akSara ke bAre meM yadi hama nAgarI lipikA prAcIna svarUpa jAnate hoM te saralatAse samajha sakate haiM ki sirfa akSarake maroDameMse hI ye do AkRti bheda paidA hue haiM / vastutaH yaha kucha jaina yA vaidika OMkArakA bheda ha nahIM hai / lipimAlA kI dRSTise aise to aneka udAharaNa hama de sakate haiM isaliye yadi hama apanI lipimAlAke prAcIna arvAcIna svarUpa jAna hai to lipi-senA hamAre sAmane upasthita hI nahIM hotii| jai
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________________ pranthoMkI lipimeM satrahavIM zatIke anta taka pRSThamAtrA - paDimAtrA aura agramAtrAkA hI upayoga adhika pramANameM huA hai, parantu usake bAda pRSThamAtrAne UrdhvamAtrAkA aura agramAtrAne adhomAtrAkA svarUpa dhAraNa kiyA / isake pariNAmasvarUpa bAdake jamAnemeM lipikA svarUpa saMkSipta aura choTA ho gyaa| lekhaka athavA lahiyA apane yahA~ grantha likhanevAle lekhaka athavA lahie kAyastha, brAhmaNa Adi aneka jAtiyoMke hote the / kabhI kabhI to pIr3hI dara pIr3hI unakA yaha avicchinna vyavasAya banA rahatA thA / ye lekhaka jisa taraha likha sakate the usI taraha prAcIna lipiyA~ bhI vizvasta rUpase par3ha sakate the| lipike pramANa aura sauSThavakI ora unakA bahuta vyavasthita khyAla rahatA thaa| lipikI maror3a yA usakA vinyAsa bhinna bhinna saMskArake anusAra bhinna bhinna rUpa letA thA aura lipike pramANake anusAra AkAra-prakAra meM bhI vividhatA hotI thii| koI lekhaka lambe akSara likhate to koI capaTe jabaki koI gola likhate / koI lekhaka do paMktiyoM ke bIca mArjina kamase kama rakhate to koI adhika rakhate / pichalI do tIna zatAbdiyoMko bAda kareM to khAsa karake lipikA pramANa hI bar3A rahatA aura paMktiyoM ke Upara-nIcekA mArjina kamase kama rhtaa| ve akSara sthUla bhI likha sakate the aura bArIkase bArIka bhI likha sakate the| lekhakoMke vahama bhI aneka prakArake the| jaba kisI kAraNavaza likhate likhate uThanA par3e taba amuka akSara Ae tabhI likhanA banda karake uThate, anyathA kisI-na-kisI prakArakA nukasAna uThAnA par3atA hai - aisI unameM mAnyatA pracilata thii| jisa taraha amuka vyApArI dUsare kA rojagAra khUba acchI tarahase calatA ho taba IrSyAvaza use hAni pahu~cAneke upAya karate haiM usI taraha lahie bhI eka dUsareke dhandhemeM antarAya
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________________ DAlaneke liye syAhI kI cAlU dAvAta meM tela DAla dete jisase kalamake Upara syAhI hI jamane na pAtI aura usake dAg2a kAgaz2a para par3ane lagate / khAsa karake aisA kAma koI koI mAravAr3I lahie hI karate the kintu aisI pravRttiko kusamAdI - kamInApana hI kahA jAtA thaa| kucha lahie jisa phaTTI para pannA rakhakara pustaka likhate use qhaDI rakha karake likhate to kucha Ar3I rakha kara likhate, jaba ki kAzmIrI lahie aise siddhahasta hote the ki panne ke nIce phaTTI yA vaisA koI sahArA rakhe vinA hI likhate the / adhikatara lahie Ar3I phaTTI rakha kara hI likhate haiM, parantu jodhapUrI lahie phaTTI khar3I rakhakara likhate haiN| unakA mAnanA hai ki " Ar3I pATIse lugAiyA~ likheM, maiM to marada ho sA !" isake atirikta apane dhandheke bAre meM aisI bahutasI bAteM hai jinheM lahie pasanda nahIM karate / ve apanI baiThanekI gadI para dUsare kisIko baiThane nahIM dete, apanI cAlU dAvAtameM se kisIko syAhI bhI nahIM dete aura apanI cAla kalama bhI kisIko nahIM dete| lahiyoM ke bAremeM isa tarahaka vividha hakIkatoMke sUcaka bahutase subhASita Adi hameM prAcIna granthoMmeM se milate haiM jo unake guNa-doSa, unake upayogakI vastuoM tathA unake svamAna AdikA nirdeza karate haiN| jisa taraha lahie grantha likhate the usI taraha jaina sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka evaM zrAvikAe~ bhI sAThavaparipUrNa lipise zAstra likhate the| jaina sAdhviyoM dvArA tathA devaprasAda (vi. saM. 1157 ) jaise zrAvaka athavA sAvadeva (anumAnataH vikramakI 14vIM zatI), rUpAde Adi zrAvikAo dvArA likhe gae grantha to yadyapi bahuta hI kama haiM parantu jaina sAdhu evaM jaina AcAryoMke likhe grantha to saikar3oM kI saMkhyA meM upalabdha hote haiM / pustake prakAra prAcIna kAlameM (lagabhaga vikramakI pA~cavIM zatIse lekara ) pustakoMke AkAra-prakArapara se unake gaNDIpustaka, muSTipustaka, saMpuTaphalaka, chedapATI jaise nAma die jAte the / ina nAmoMkA ullekha nizIthabhASya aura usakI 20 ]
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________________ pUrNi AdimeM AtA hai| jisa taraha pustakoMke AkAra-prakAra parase unheM uparyukta nAma die gae hai usI taraha bAdake samayameM arthAt pandrahavIM zatIse pustakoMkI likhAIke AkAra-prakAra parase unake vividha nAma par3e haiM; jaise ki zUDa athavA zUDha pustaka, dvipATha pustaka, tripATha pustaka, paMcapATha pustaka, sastabaka pustaka / inake atirikta citrapustaka bhI eka prakArAntara hai| citrapustaka arthAt pustakoMmeM khIMce gae citroMkI kalpanA koI na kare / yahA~ para 'citrapustaka' isa nAmase merA Azaya likhAvaTakI paddhatimeM se naSpanna citrase hai| kucha lekhaka likhAIke bIca aisI sAvadhAnIke sAtha jagaha bAlI chor3a dete haiM jisase aneka prakArake caukora, tikona, SaTkoNa, chatra tvastika, agnizikhA, vajra, DamarU, gomUtrikA Adi AkRticitra tathA lekhakave vevakSita granthanAma, gurunAma athavA cAhe jisa vyaktikA nAma yA zlokagAthA Adi dekhe kiMvA par3he jA sakate haiM / ataH isa prakArake pustakaka hama 'ritalipicitrapustaka ' isa nAmase pahacAneM to vaha yukta hI hogaa| isa prakAra, Upara kahA usa taraha, lekhaka likhAIke bIcameM qhAlI jagaha na chor3aka kAlI syAhIse avicchinna likhI jAtI likhAvaTake bIcameM ke amuka amuka akSara aisI sAvadhAnI aura khUbIse lAla syAhIse likhate jisase usa likhA vaTameM aneka citrAkRtiyA~, nAma athavA zloka Adi dekhe-par3he jA sakate aisI citrapustakoMko hama 'lipicitrapustaka 'ke nAmase pahacAna sakate haiM isake atirikta 'aMkasthAnacitrapustaka' bhI citrapustakakA eka dUsara prakArAntara hai / isameM aMkake sthAnameM vividha prANI, vRkSa, mandira Adika AkRtiyA~ banAkara unake bIca patrAMka likhe jAte haiN| citrapastakake ai kitane hI itara prakArAntara haiN|
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________________ anya saMzodhana, usake sAdhana tathA cihna Adi jisa taraha granthoMke lekhana tathA usase sambaddha sAdhanoMkI AvazyakatA hai usI taraha azuddha likhe hue pranthoMke saMzodhana kI, usase sambaddha sAdhanoMkI aura itara saMketoMkI bhI utanI hI AvazyakatA hotI hai / isIliye aise anekAneka prakArake sAdhana evaM saMketa hameM dekhane tathA jAnaneko milate haiN| sAdhana- haratAla Adi - granthoMke saMzodhanake liye kalama Adiko AvazyakatA to hotI hI hai, parantu isake atirikta azuddha aura anAvazyaka adhika akSaroMko miTAneke liye athavA unheM parivartita karaneke liye haratAla, safedA AdikI aura khAsa sthAna athavA viSaya AdikI pahacAnake liye lAla raMga, dhAgA AdikI bhI AvazyakatA hotI hai / tAr3apatrIya pustakoMke z2amAne meM akSaroMko miTAneke lie haratAla AdikA upayoga nahIM hotA thA, parantu adhika akSaroko pAnIse miTAkara use aspaSTa kara dete the athavA una akSaroMkI donoM ora se aisA ulaTA sIdhA gujarAtI nauke jaisA AkAra banAyA jAtA thA aura azuddha akSara yuktise sudhAra lete the| isI prakAra viziSTa sthAna AdikI pahacAnake liye una sthAnoMko gerUse raMga dete the| parantu kAgajakA yuga Aneke bAda yadyapi prArambhameM yaha paddhati cAlU rahI kintu prAyaH turaMta hI saMzodhanameM nirupayogI akSaroMko miTAneke liye tathA azuddha akSaroMko parivartita karaneke liye haratAla aura safedekA upayoga dikhAI detA hai| tUlikA, baTTA, dhAgA __ Upara nirdiSTa haratAla Adi lagAne ke liye tUlikAkI AvazyakatA par3atI thI tathA haratAla Adike daradarepanako dUra karaneke liye kaur3I Adise use pIsa lete the| tUlikAe~ gilaharIkI dumake bAloMko kabUtara athavA morake se agale pole bhAgameM pirokara choTI-bar3I jaisI cAhie vaisI hAthase hI 22]
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________________ banA lI jAtI thI athavA AjakI taraha taiyAra bhI avazya milatI hoNgii| syAhI Adi ghoMTaneke liye baTTe bhI akIka Adi aneka prakArake pattharake banate the| inake atirikta tADapatrIya granthoke jamAnemeM granthake vibhAga athavA viziSTa viSayakI khojameM dikkata yA mahenata na ho isaliye tAr3apatrake surAkha meM dhAgA pirokara aura usake agale himseko aiMThana lagAkara bAhara dikhAI de isa taraha use rakhate the| saMzodhana ke citra aura saMketa ___jasa taraha Adhunika mudraNake yugameM vidvAn grantha sampAdaka tathA saMzodhakoMne pUrNavirAma, alpavirAma, praznavirAma, Azcaryadarzaka cihna Adi aneka prakArake cihna - saMketa pasanda kie haiM usI taraha prAcIna hastalikhita pustakoMke jamAnemeM bhI unake saMzodhaka vidvAnoMne likhita granthoMmeM vyartha kATa-chATa, dAg2a-dhabbA Adi na ho, Tippana yA paryAyArtha likhe binA vastu spaSTa samajhameM A jAya isake liye aneka prakArake cihna kiMvA saMketa pasaMda kie the, jaise ki ---- (1) galitapAThadarzaka cihna, (2) galitapAThavibhAgadarzaka cihna, (3) 'kAnA darzaka cihna, (4) anyAkSaravAcanadarzaka cihna, (5) pAThaparAvRttidarzaka cihna (6) svarasandhyaMzadarzaka cihna, (7) pAThAntaradarzaka cihna, (8) pAThAnusandhAnadarzaka cihna, (9) padacchedadarzaka cihna, (10) vibhAgadarzaka cihna, (11) ekapadadarzaka cihna, (12) vibhaktivacanadarzaka cihna, (13) Tippanaka (vizeSa noTsa ) darzaka cihna, (14) anvayadarzaka cihna, (15) vizeSaNa-vizeSyasambandhadarzaka cihna aura (16) pUrvapadaparAmarzaka cihna / cihnoMke ye nAma kisI bhI sthAnapara dekhane meM nahIM Ae parantu unake hetuko lakSameM rakhakara maiMne svayaM hI ina nAmoMkI AyojanA kI hai|
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________________ grantha saMrakSaNake sAdhana lekhita pustakoMke liye do prakArakI kA~biyoMkA (saM0 kambikA Ta jaisI lakar3IkI paTTI) upayoga kiyA jAtA thaa| unameMse eka bilakula capaTI hotI thI aura dUsarI hA~sa arthAt Ageke bhAgameM choTese khaDDevAlI hotI thii| pahale prakArakI kA~bIkA upayoga pustaka par3hate samaya u~galIkA sInA yA mailakA dAg2a usa para na par3e isaliye use panne para rakhakara usa ra u~galI rakhanemeM kiyA jAtA thaa| jisa taraha Aja bhI kucha saphAIpasaMda aura vivekI puruSa pustaka par3hate samaya u~galIke nIce kAgaz2a vagairaha rakhakara r3hate haiM ThIka usI taraha pahale prakArakI kA~bIkA upayoga hotA thaa| dUsarI tarahakI kA~bIkA. upayoga panneke eka sirese dUsare sire taka yA yaMtrAdike Alegnanale yamaga lagI khAMcane ke liye kiyA jAtA thaa| kambikAke upayogakI bhArata hA pustaka mur3a na jAya, bigar3a na jAya usake panne ur3a na jAya~, varSAkAlameM namI na lage - isa taraha kI grantharka surakSitatAke liye kavalI (kapar3ese mar3hI huI choTI aura patalI caTAI ), pAThe arthAt puDhe, vastraveSTana, Dibbe AdikA bhI upayoga kiyA jAta yaa| pAThe aura Dibbe nirupayogo kAgaz2okI lugadImeM se athavA kAgaz2oMka eka dUsareke sAtha cipakAkara banAe jAte the / pAThe aura DibboMko sAmAnyata camar3e yA kapar3e Adise mar3ha liyA jAtA thA athavA unheM bhinna bhina prakArake raMgoMse raMga lete the / kabhI kabhI to una para latA Adike citra au tIrthakara Adike jIvanaprasaMga yA anya aitihAsika prasaMga vagairahakA Alekhana kiyA jAtA thA / yaha bAta to kAgaz2akI pustakoMke bAremeM huii| tAr3apatrI grantha Adike saMrakSaNake liye aneka prakArakI kalApUrNa citrapaTTikAe~ banA jAtI thI / unameM sundara - sundaratama belabUTe, vividha prANI, prAkRtika vA parovara mAta ---- ---- I yAdike jIvanaprasaMga Adika
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________________ citraNa hotA thaa| inake liye bhI vastrake veSTana tathA Dibbe banAe jAta tha aura unameM jIva-jantu na par3e isaliye asagandha (saM0 azvagandha ) ke varNakI vastrapoTTalikAe~ - kapaDekI poTaliyA~ rakhI jAtI thIM __ granthasaMgrahoM para caumAsemeM namI aura uSNakAlameM garamIkI asara na ho tathA dImaka Adi pustakabhakSaka jantuoMkA upadrava na ho isa liye unake lAyaka sthAna hone caahie| aise atyanta surakSita sthAna prAcIna samayameM bahutase hone caahie| parantu unameM se atyanta surakSita sugupta evaM AdarzarUpa mAnA jA sake aisA eka mAtra sthAna jesala merake kileke mandirameM bacA huA hai| isameM vahA~kA zrIjinabhadrasUrikA jJAna bhANDAra surakSitarUpane rakhA gayA hai| chaha sau varSoMse calA AtA yaha sthAna jainamandirameM Ae hue bhUmigRha-tahakhAneke rUpameM hai / chaha sau varSa bIta jA para bhI isameM dImaka Adi jIva-jantuoMkA tathA sardI-garamIkA kabhI meM saMcAra nahIM huA hai / yaha to hamArI kalpanAmeM bhI ekadama nahIM A sakata ki usa jamA neke kArIgaroMne isa sthAnakI tahameM kisa tarahake rAsAyanika padArtha DAle hoMge jisase yaha sthAna aura isameM rakhe gae grantha abataka surakSita raha sake haiM ! jJAnabhANDAroMke makAna jisa taraha surakSita banAe jAte the usI taraha rAjakIya viplavake yugameM ye makAna sugupta bhI rakhe jAte the / jesalamerake nilekA uparyukta sthAna nirupadrava, surakSita evaM sugupta sthAna hai / isake bhItarake tIsare tahakhAnemeM jJAnabhANDAra rakhA gayA hai aura usakA daravAjA itanA choTA hai ki koI bhI vyakti nIce jhukakara hI isameM praviSTa ho sakatA hai| isa daravAjeko banda karaneke liye sTIlakA Dhakkana banAyA gayA hai aura viplavake prasaMga para isake mu~hako barAbara DhaMka deneke liye caurasa patthara bhI taiyAra rakhA hai jo isa samaya bhI vahA~ para vidyamAna hai| isake bAdake do daravAz2oke liye bhI banda karanekI koI vyavasthA avazya gdo TogI panta Aja usakA koI avazeSa hamAre sAmane nahIM hai| tahaqhA
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________________ nemeM nIce utaraneke rAsteke mukhake liye aisI vyavasthA kI gaI hai ki viplavake avasara para use bhI bar3e bhArI pahAr3I pattharase isa taraha DhA~pa diyA jAya jisase kisIko kalpanA bhI na A sake ki isa sthAnameM koI cIz2a chupA rakhI hai| tahakhAneke mu~hako DhaMkanekA uparyukta mahAkAya patthara isa samaya bhI vahA~ maujUda hai| jisa taraha jJAnasaMgrahAkA surAkSata rakhanaka liye makAna banAe jAte the usI taraha una bhANDAroMko rakhaneke liye lakar3I yA pattharakI bar3I bar3I majUsA (saM. maMjUSA-peTI) yA alamAriyA~ banAnemeM AtI thiiN| prAcIna jJAnabhANDAke jo thor3e-bahuta sthAna Ajataka dekhanemeM Ae haiM unameM adhikAMzataH majUsA hI dekhane meM AI haiN| pustakeM nikAlane tathA rakhanekI suvidhA evaM unakI surakSitatA alamAriyoMmeM hone para bhI majUsA hI adhika dikhAI detI haiM / isakA kAraNa unakI maz2abUtI aura viplavake samaya tathA dUsare cAhe jisa avasara para unake sthAnAntara saMcAraNakI saralatA hI ho sakatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki ina majUsoMko pahie bhI lagAe jAte the| yaha bAta cAhe jaisI ho, parantu grantha-saMgrahako surakSitatA aura lene-rakhanekI suvidhA to UrdhvamahAmaMjUSA arthAt alamArImeM hI hai| jesalamerake tahaqhAnemeM lakar3I evaM pattharakI majUsAe~ tathA pattharakI alamAriyA~ vidyamAna thIM parantu mere vahA~ jAneke bAda ve saba vahA~se haTA lie gae haiM aura unake sthAnameM vahA~para naI sTIlaka alamAriyA~ Adi banavAI gaI haiN| hama jaba jesalamera gae taba vahA~kA granthasaMgraha uparyukta majUsAoMmeM rakhaneke badale pattharakI alamAriyoMmeM rakhA jAtA thaa| bar3I mAravAr3ameM lakar3IkI apekSA patthara sulabha honeke kAraNa hI unake alamAriyA~ banAI jAtI thiiN| ataH inakI majabatI Adike bAremeM kisI meM prakArake vicArako avakAza hI nahIM hai / jaina zrIsaMghakA lakSya jJAnabhANDAra basAnekI ora jaba kendrita huA taba usake sammarakha unake rakSaNakA prazna bhI upasthita haa| isa praznake samAdhAnake
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________________ ye dUsare sAdhanoMkI taraha usane eka parva-divasako bhI adhika mahattva diyaa| ha parva hai jJAnapaMcamI - kArtika zuklA paMcamIkA dina / samUce varSakI sardI, ramI tathA namI jaisI RtuoMkI vividha asaroM se guz2arI huI zAstrarAziko di ulaTa-pulaTa na kiyA jAya to vaha asamayameM hI nAzAbhimukha ho jAya / taH use bacAneke liye usakI heraphera varSameM eka bAra avazya karanI cAhie jasase unameMkI anekavidha vikRta asara dUra ho aura zAstra kAyamI Arogya zAmeM raheM / parantu vizAla jJAnabhANDAroMke ulaTapherakA yaha kAma ekAdha paktike lie duSkara aura thakAnevAlA na ho tathA aneka vyaktioMkA sahayoga nAyAsa hI mila sake isaliye isa dharma-parvakI yojanA kI gaI hai| Aja sa dhArmika parvako jo mahattva diyA jAtA hai usake mUlameM pradhAna rUpase to hI uddeza thA, parantu mAnavasvabhAvake svAbhAvika chichalepana tathA nirudyamInake kAraNa isakA mUla uddeza vilupta ho gayA hai aura usakA sthAna bAharI dekhAve evaM sthUla kriyAoMne le liyA hai|
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________________ jJAnabhANDAroMmeM upalabdha sAmagrI ye jJAnabhANDAra vividha dRSTise samRddha aura mahattvake haiM / inakI mukhya vizeSatA yaha hai ki inakA saMgraha yadyapi jainoMne kiyA hai phira bhI ve mAtra jainazAstroMke saMgraha taka hI maryAdita nahIM haiN| unameM jaina-jainetara athavA vaidika-bauddha-jaina, saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, gujarAtI, hindI, marAThI, phArasI Adi bhASAoMkA tathA jaina-jainetara RSi-sthavira-AcAryoMke race hue dharmazAstroMke atirikta vyAkaraNa, koza, chanda, alaMkAra, maMtra, taMtra, kalpa, nATya, nATaka, jyotiSa, lakSaNa, Ayurveda, darzana evaM saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza Adi bhASAke caritra-grantha, rAsa Adi vividha sAhitya vidyamAna hai| saMkSepameM hameM yaha kahanA cAhie ki ina bhANDAroMkA saccA mahattva inakI vyApaka aura vizAla saMgrahadRSTike kAraNa hI hai| jisa taraha ina vizAla jJAnabhANDAroMmeM vividha prakArake lekhana-saMzodhana-rakSaNa viSayaka sAdhana evaM saMgraha hai usI prakAra tAr3apatra, kAgaz2a aura kapar3eke Upara kAlI, lAla, sunaharo, rupaharI Adi aneka prakArako syAhIse likhe hue aneka AkAra-prakArake atyanta sundara aura kalApUrNa sacitra-acitra patrAkAra, guTakAkAra kuMDalI-AkAra likhe hue grantha vidyamAna haiN| aneka prakArake sacitra-acitra vijJaptipatra, tIrthayAtrAdike citrapaTa, yaMtrapaTa, vidyApaTa AdikA vizAla saMgraha ina bhANDAroMmeM hai| jainoMne ina bhANDAroke sagrahake liye hArdika manoyogake sAtha hI sAtha apanI sampatti pAnIkI nAI bahAI hai| isI taraha inake saMrakSaNake liye bhI unhoMne saba zakya upAya kie haiN| isa prakAra jJAnabhANDAra, unama upalabdha sAmagrA eva grantharAAza tathA unakI vyavasthA Adike bAremeM hamane saMkSipta varNana yahA~ para kiyaa| vizAla evaM vaividhyapUrNa ina grantharatnoMkA parIkSaka samyak upayoga kareM - yahI hamArI Antarika abhilASA hai| 28]
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________________ prakAzaka : gujarAta vidyAsabhA, bhadra, ahamadAbAda : rasikalAla choTAlAla parIkha choTAlAla parIkha mudraka : goviMdalAla jagazIbhAI : zAradA mudraNAlaya : pAnakora nAkA : ahamadAbAda goviMdalAla bhI. je. adhyayana-saMzodhana