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गगन काल पुद्गल धरम, अरु अधर्म अभिधान। अब कछु पुद्गल द्रव्य को, कहों विशेष विधान ॥५॥
gagana, kāla, pudgala, dharama, aru adharma abhidāna. aba kachu pudgala dravya ko, kaho viseṣa vidhāna. Space, Time, Matter, Motion and Rest are their names. I now expound some characteristics of the substance "Matter".
5.
6.
carama dṛṣṭi so pragata hai, pudgala dravya ananta. jara lakṣaṇa nirjīva dala, rūpī mūratīvanta.
Through the ultimate vision, it is clear that substance Matter is infinite; fitted with senseless attributes, non-sentient groups, it has a form and a shape .
7.
SVASTI -Essays in Honour of Prof. Hampa Nagarajaiah
जो त्रिभुवन थिति देखिये, थिर जंगम आकार। सो पुद्गल परवान को, है अनादि विस्तार ॥७॥
jo tri-bhuvana thiti dekhiye, thira jangama ākāra. so pudgala paravāna ko, hai anādi vistāra.
This Matter, which is seen in the three worlds under immovable and movable aspects, has infinite and expanded measures."
8.
चरमदृष्टी सों प्रगट है, पुद्गल द्रव्य अनन्त।
जड़ लक्षण निर्जीव दल, रूपी मूरतिवन्त ॥६॥
9.
Now I make clearly understood the twenty attributes of the Matter10 - which contain other infinite attributes - as well as its infinite modes of representation.
8
अब पुद्गल के वीसगुण, कहों प्रगट समुझाय ।
गर्भित और अनन्तगुण, अरु अनन्त परजाय ॥८॥
aba pudgala ke visa-guna, kahō pragata samujhāya. garbhita aura ananta-guna, aru parajāya.
श्याम पीत उज्ज्वल अरुण, हरित मिश्र बहुभांति। विविधवर्ण जो देखिये, सो पुद्गलं की कांति ॥९॥
syama pīta ujjvala aruna, harita miśra bahu bhanti. vividha varna jo dekhiye, so pudgala kī kānti.
Space is named gagana, not ākāśa as expected. Space has also been the subject of a commentary in verse 3.
9 The smallest unit of matter is the atom (anu). Combined in aggregates (skandha), it is used to create animals or stones, which are the examples taken to illustrate movable and immovable aspects of Matter. 10 Banārasīdās gives the correct number: there are eight kinds of touch (hard, soft, heavy, light, cold, hot, viscous and dry), five kinds of taste (bitter, sour, astringent, acidic and sweet), two kinds of smell (pleasant and unpleasant) and five kinds of colour (black, blue, red, yellow and white). See Tattvārthasūtra (henceforth TS) sparśa-rasa-gandha-varnavantah pudgalāh (5.23). Each kind is described below, but not in the order followed by Umäsvami and with some peculiarities.
