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śramana, Vol 54, No. 10-12/October-December 2003
comprehensiveness, lack of treatment of specific topics in a particular chapter in a cohesive manner, induced in, as early as tenth century to rearrange the sūtras, along with easy and concise Vrtti (gloss). This system called Prakriyā system was initiated by Dharmakirti's Rūpävatāra (11th cent.). The frame of all the earlier Prakriyā works was virtually eclipsed by the Siddhānta Kaumudi of Bhattoji Dixit, a work to the point, erudite and easy.
The study of Sanskrit grammar was so fascinating to Indian scholars that many grammars were written out side the Pāṇinian School, though not totally free from the overwhelming influence of Panini and his successors, each starting a new school. Among the non-Paņinian grammars, the foremost and earliest is Kätantra Vyākarana, also known as Kalpa or Kumāra Vyākarana of Sivavarman (2nd cent. AD), who wrote his grammar, based on an older work, most probably the ancient Kakşakştsna Vyakarana, now lost. An excellent Sanskrit grammar, Jainendra Vyākaraņa of Devanandi alias Pūjyapāda (5th cent. AD), sākatāyana Vyākaraṇa of Pālyakirti (9th cent. AD) and Sarasvati Kanthabharaṇa of king Bhojadeva of Dhara (11th cent. AD) are the original contribution to Sanskrit grammar. Kalikāla Sarvajña Hemacandra's Siddhahema-sabdānusāsana is a major work on both Sanskrit and Prakrit grammar.
Among other non-Paninian grammars mention may be made of the Sărasvata Vyākaraṇa of Anubhūtasiddhācarya (12th cent.), Mugdhabodha of Vopadeva (14th cent.), Supadma Vyākarana of Padmanabha (14th cent.), Harinamamsta Vyākarana of Rūpagosvāmin and Śri Jivagosvami (16th cent.)
Siddhantacandrikā or Sārasvatacandrikā of Ramaśarma (17th cent,) as the notable works of Indian tradition on grammar. Jaina tradition also has made a valuable contribution to the field of grammar. In fact, Jaina tradition has preserved and extended the Indian tradition of Sanskrit grammar of earlier writers by writing commentaries on their ancient texts.
The origin of Jaina grammar may be traced back to the extinct twelfth Añga Dșstivāda, containing 14 Pūrvas. According to Siddhasena, grammar in Jaina tradition originated from the Sabdaprabhsta.
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