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The Founders of Jainism
153
1.
tr. Johnson Trisastisalakapurasasitra, 1 pp. 1-7; cf. Banarsi Das Jain, Jaina Jatakas, pp. 1-5
The A ekanta doctrine is the "many-sided doctrine" or Syadvada, a distinctive feature of Jaina logic, which considers everything from seven points of view and implies that a true assertion is true only under certain conditions of time and space.
The gods bow their heads so low before this great being that the jewels on their crowns come in contact with his feet.
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The Indra of the first heaven, the most important of the sixty-four Indras of the Jaina pantheon.
The Jaina Sangha or congregation is made up of monks, nuns, laymen and laywomen.
27.
The Sanskrit sri means fortunate, holy or reverend, and is commonly employed when speaking of a person, king or deity with special respect. Hemachandra uses the word frequently in such a way that, as here, it might be translated "goddess," without reference, however, to Lakshmi who is known by this name in Hinduism.
Tirthankara-name-karma ensures that one will at last become a Tîrthankara. This powder is said to remove all impurities from water in which it is dissolved. The last and largest circular ocean on this earth.
Of dharma, usually translated "law" or "religion" Hemachandra later says: "Dharma bestows heaven and nourishes like a mother, protects like a father, pleases like a friend, and is loving like a kinsman.... It is fourfold with the division of liberality, good conduct, penance, and state of mind." tr. Johnson, pp. 18f.
With reference to the proverbial love of peacocks for clouds.
The demon Kamatha was the enemy of Parsvanatha, and the god Dharanendra his friend..
Johnson, Trisastisalakapurusacaritra, 1 pp. 347-349; Jagmanderlal Jaini, Outlines of Jainism (Jain Literature Society). 1916, table facing p.6; Hermann Jacobi in HERE vii, p.466.
ch pp. 383f.
Monier Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages. New ed. 1899, p.891.
16.
ibid., p.312
17.
cf. Champat Rai Jain, Risabha Deva, the Founder of Jainism. 1920, p. 50. Monier-Williams, A Sanskrit-English Dictionary, p. 1294.
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19.
ibid., p.509.20. ibid., p.322.
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ibid., p.858.
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Johnson, Trisastisalakapurusacaritra, 1, p.103 n.140
23.
ibid., 1, p.84 n.125.
24. ibid., 1, p.29 n.50
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ibid., 1, p.71 n.97
26.
Within Jainism itself, of course, the belief is held that even the first Tirthankara, Rishabha, was an actual man who lived "very very far back in the remoteness of hoary antiquity," who attained immortality, and who through his teachings founded the true religion. Champat Rai Jain, Risabha Deva, The founder of Jainism, p.i.
Anandapura was about a hundred and twenty miles northwest of valabhi according to Hiuen Tsang (xi, 8f. tr. Beal, Buddhist Records of the Western
