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Jainism Before Mahâvîra
The Jaina writers tell us that Nagnajit, king of Gandhara, Nimi, king of Videha Durmukha, king of Gandhâra, Nimi, kind of Videha Durmukha, king of Pâñchâla Bhîma, king of Kaliga adopted the faith of the Jainas.30 As Pârsva 872-772 B.C. was probably the first historical Jina, these rulers if they really became convert to his doctrines, should have to be placed between 842 B.C. and 600 B.C. These rulers are known to have ruled over their respective kingdoms before the sixth century B.C.
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BREEK 2222222
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30.
Zimmer: Philosophies of India, pp. 217-227;
Farlong Short studies in the Science of Comparative religions, pp. 243244; G. C. Pandey: Studies in the Origins of Buddhism, p. 260; Acharya Shri Tulsi: Pre. Vedic existence of Sramana Stradition.
SBE, XIV, pp.99 XX-XXIII.
(1) Bharata (2) Sagara (3) Madhva (4) Sanatakumâra (5) Sànti (6) Kunthu (7) Araha (8) Subhauma (9) Padma (10) Harishena (11) Jayasena and (12) Brahmadatta.
(1) Achala (2) Vijaya (3) Bhadra (4) Suprabha (5) Sudarsana (6) Ânanda (7) Nandana (8) Padma and (9) Râma.
(1) Triprishtha (2) Dviprishtha (3) Svayambhû (4) Purushottama, (5) Purushasimha (6) Purushapundarîka (7) Datta, (8) Nârâyana and (9) Krishna. (1) Asvagrîva (2) Târaka (3) Meraka (4) Madhu (5) Nisumbha (6) Bali (7) Prahlâda (8) Râvana and (9) Jarasandha.
Even in the: Bhagavatisutra of the Jainas, the Âjivika saint Gosâla is said to have claimed for himself the status of the twenty fourth and last Tirthankara of the current Avasarini age. the terminology of the phrase is distinctly Jaina. This is not true because before Gosâla, only two previous Ajivika leaders namely Nandavachchha and Kisa Sankichcha are known.
X. 11. 139, 2-3
9. 2. 7. 1, page 137. 11. X, 9, 102-6. 13. II, 17, 6.
Studies in the Origins of Buddhism, p. 317
Mohen-jo-daro and its civilization, Plate XII figs. 13, 14, 15, 19, 20. I, pp. 87, 137-8.
X, 11, 136-1
V, 3, 20.
165
17. Br. up. u. 3. 22.
Tai, S. VI, 2, 75; Kâthaka Samhita VIII, 5; Ait. Br. 35.
2; Kausitaki up. m. 1; Atharvaveda II, 53, Tandya Mahâ-Brahmana VIII, 1-4. XVII, 4, 1-9. 20. JBORS, XIV, p, 26. F. 15
22. VII, 21, 5; X, 99, 3.
XI, 4, 33, 10.
SBE, Faina Sûtras, II, XLV, p. XXXIII:
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Ch. xxiii
25. 27.
26. Ibid, 1.9. 28. Ibid, pp. 285, 291
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However the view that the Svetâmbaras and Digambaras are the followers respectively of Parsva and Mahâvîra respectively is denied by most authorities. As a matter of fact, this division took place much later than Mahâvîra. SBE, XLV, 87.
9.32.
Ava, Cû., p. 273.
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