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192
Lord Mahavira
4. Abhinandananatha Monkey Yakshanayaka Kalika 5. Sumatinatha Krauncha bird Tumburu Mahakali 6. Padmaprabha Lotus
Kusuma Syama 7. Suparsvanatha Svastika Matanga Santa 8. Chandraprabha Moon Vijaya
Bhikuti 9. Suvidhinatha Makara Ajita
Sutaraka 10. Sitalanatha
Srivatsa Brahma Asoka 11. Sreyamsanatha Rhinoceros Yakshet Manavi 12. Vasupujya Buffalo Kumara
Chanda 13. Vimalanatha
Boar
Shanmukha Vidita 14. Anantanatha Falcon Patala
Ankusa 15. Dharmanatha Thunderbolt Kinnara Kandarpa 16. Santinatha
Deer
Garuda Nirvani 17. Kunthunatha Goat
Gandharva Bala 18. Aranatha
Nandyavarta Yakshet Dharini 19. Mallinatha
Pitcher Kubera Dharanapriya 20. Munisuvrata
Tortoise Varuna Narandatta 21. Naminatha
Blue lotus Bhrkuti Gandhari 22. Neminatha
Conchshell Gomedha Ambika 23. Pârsvanatha Snake Pârsva
Padmavati 24. Mahâvîra
Lion
Matanga Siddhayika
One of the earliest stone images in round found in India, from Lohaniput in Patna belonging to the Maurya-Sunga period is regarded as the image of a Tîrthankara.
The above table shows that there are some overlappings and repetitions in the nomenclature of the individual Yakshas or Upasakas (No. 7 and 24 and II and 18) and in one instance the name of a Sasnadevi occurs also as that of an Upasaka (No. 8 and 21). There is no doubt that this elaborate grouping was the result of gradual growth and became stereotyped at a later period.
The subsidiary deities of the Jainas have been variously classified. Among them are included Hindu deities such as SriLakshmi, Ganesa, Kubera, etc. and also the Navagrahas, the Digpalas, the Vidyadevis and the Matrkas. The Vidyadevis are sixteen in number. They include Rohini, Prajnapti, Kali, Mahakali, Gauri, Manavi, etc. and are headed by Sarasvati.
Theory of Knowledge: Saptanaya and Syâdvâda
The Jainas admit five kinds of knowledge: mati (knowledge by means of senses and mind, including smrti and tarka), sruti (knowledge by testimony), avadhi (knowledge of things even at a
