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JAINISM AND DEMOCRACY
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unalloyed and unbiased. The Jain hymn of salutation recited at the beginning of every auspicious undertaking is free from any personal name. Out of the five salutations mentioned in it the first two go to perfected souls and the remaining three to the followers in that journey in their different functions.
The effect or creative power of the right attitude varies according to the strength of faith and detachment from lower values. Three types of faith are distinguished accor ing to their comparative creativity.
1. Creative (kārak). The faith or attitude which impels a person to action. Action is the standard by which to judge the strength of belief. If we sincerely believe in an idea, we must act accordingly; otherwise we lack in belief.
2. Appreciative (rochak). The inclination towards: a noble object to the extent of mere commendation. The person with this type of faith tries to induce others to act and puts the proposal forward in an attractive manner, but he himself is not impelled to act. We might compare him with an artist who can move the audience with music, dance, dramatic acting or some other performance full of pathos but who is unmoved himself.. Much modern leadership can be thus classed.
3. Illuminative (dipak). A lamp shows the path to others but itself does not get any profit. Similarly, a person who can explain the subtleties of the spiritual path to others, who helps others in the journey by
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