Jainism and Democracy

Author(s): Indra Chandra Shastri
Publisher: I A S S Jain Conference New Delhi

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JAINISM AND DEMOCRACY
only. This is the mildest form of passions. It is compared with a line drawn in water, which vanishes no sooner it is drawn. Similarly, the passions of samjvalana degree do not last for any duration. Nevertheless, their rise is not stopped completely. The aspirant in seventh stage tries to control that also. This stage is called Apramatta, because, the aspirant is always alert not to allow any slipping. Here, the aspirant wins three types of stronger sleep also. Note :--According to Jainism there are five types of
sleep which are the effects of Darsanāvarana :1. Nidrā : Ordinary sleep. 2. Nidrā nidrā : Deep sleep where one is not able
to open his eyes even when awake. 3. Pracalā: Drowsiness. 4. Pracalā pracalā : Heavy drowsiness causing the
fiow of saliva and movement of limbs. 5. Styānagrdhi : Somnabulism; speaking, walking
and doing other actions under sleep. An aspirant in seventh stage is free from the second, fourth and fifth types.
This alertness is not permanent. It comes and goes according to the fluctuations of mind. Consequently, the aspirant struggles between the sixth and seventh stages. His position is compared with a log of wood moving up and down with the turn of waves.
The eighth guṇasthāna is known as Apūrva karana. The aspirant, in the seventh stage, was described as starting his struggle against slippings. He reaches the