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1914.] JAINA GAZETTE.
267 denying my contention that strictly a Commander is not related to the army but to the subordinates ; for an army consists of subordinates and Commander, and whatever is related to this whole must be outside it. And the question may very appropriately be asked about the positional relation of bricks in a wall-is the top row after all at the top of the Wall ? The cornice is at the top of the wall, or a picture may be there ; but the bricks ARE THE TOP PART.
And on page 4 where the intimacy of the relation of whole and parts is mentioned, I think the relation here is between two views of one thing ; riz:-tbe thing regarded as a whole and the thing regarded as to its parts. And the “bond” is surely between the parts, not between the whole and the parts. It is a subtle point, and a fruitful topic. But perhaps a little irrelevant to the proof of individuals constituting A SELF. Nevertheless, if you agree not to set up a whole in relation to its parts in external relation to each other, we are at agreement. And we can get on with the next topic, about a whole being the sum of its parts. And although liere the word “ sum ” is numerical, I mean by it not merely the number of parts, but also performance by each part, or work of each part ; I meant the totality of function as well. Water is hydrogen and oxygen acting together in a certain dynamical relation ; the sum of the parts in other words ; and NOT TWO ENTITIES, (1) water ; (2) H, 0.
But all such things as water, teapot, clock, army, living organisms, engipes, society, state, a work of art, a brick wall, are only temporary units or wholes ; they can be brought together and destroyed ; whereas the universe cannot. And the soul or individual is a liviog unit according to the Jain system in the sense of being a permanent spiritual whole, whose parts are inseparable, and whose factors are neither brought together nor dispersed; knowledge, feeling, and action. And a life of right knowledge, right feeling, and right action is for each individual the proper life, a life of live and let live. I fully appreciate your closing remark about the religious duty of love ; but I think our reasons why we should
exercise it are very dissimilar. Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat
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