Jaina Acara Siddhanta aur Svarupa

Author(s): Devendramuni
Publisher: Prakrit Bharti Academy

Page 39

Jaina Acara: Siddhanta aura Swarupa
(1) Nissankita-It means both doubt and fear. Abhayadeva, Hemacandra and the like have interpreted it as doubt. Kundkunda takes it to mean fear. Some others have said that it implies both. No doubt must be entertained with regard to scriptural texts, but at the same time scholars must be fearless.
(2) Niskanksita-It means that a scholar must have no faith in absolutist scriputres nor should he desire mundane pleasures from religious practices.
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(3) Nirvicikitsa-Acārya Nemicandra has given its two meanings:
(1) Doubt concerning the outcome of religious practices
(2) Indifference and hatred.
Acarya Amritacandra has interpreted it thus; not to disregard hunger and thirst, heat and cold as also the excreta and the like. Samantabhadra says that the body is naturally impure but it should not be discarded when sanctified by the three jewels viz. knowledge, conduct and faith.
(4) Amudhadrṣti-Those enticed by erroneous visionaries are fools in the eyes of Haribhadra. The scholar must be free from all such delusions.
(5) Upabranghaṇa, also called Upagahana-One must not publicize faults committted due to carelessness. One's good qualities should better be concealed. To strengthen one's good qualities and not to mention others' vices come under this head.
(6)
Sthirikaraṇa-Nemicandra, Amrtacandra and Samantacandra have explained it saying that those going astray should be brought back to the main stream and made firm therein.
(7) Vatsalya-To treat religion as one's own and have regard for such religious souls as may be helpful in attaining salvation; to respect them and to care for co-religionists by offering them food and clothing and to serve teachers and the diseased, debilitated associates as also the guests from time to time.
(8) Prabhāvanā-it means the well-being of monks, nuns, householders both male and female. It is one's duty to wear the three gems gracefully and strengthen the community by all means. Those who can effectively and efficiently perform such duties are of eight kinds as given under :
(1) Pravacani-One proficient in the twelve originals and later scriptures too.
(2) Dharmakatha-Expert in telling religious stories and delivering sermons interspersed with pregnant anecdotes.