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Jaina Acāra : Siddhanta aura Swarūpa of which was non- interference in the territorial integrity of another country. He who sets such limits in his life easily wins over avariciousness, so says Hemacandra. There are three reasons why people move from place to place, It may be to expand business for more money, for just joyful sauntering, and for having close contact with some saint. The first two causes are mundane and not worth being pursued thoughtlelssly. Wherever you put a heated ball, it cannot but kill insects, seen and unseen, when a man is ever on his feet, moving and non-moving beings get killed.
Principally the directions are three : Upper, lower and slanting. There are eight kinds of the oblique directions. 1. east 2. west 3. north 4. south and four sub-directions : i, north--eastern ii. fiery iii. south-western direction iv, aerial. Besides these 9. upper directions over our head and 10. lower directions below our feet.
Householders are free to set limits to their outings but once they decide, there is no going back on it lest it would debilitate their will. They may take their residence as their centrç or some other place of their choice.
The vow is not to transgress the self-impossed territorial limits. This may be measured in terms of miles, kilometers, furlongs etc. The limits should be well considered. This vow is taken for the whole life. When taken for a lesser period, even for a day and night, the vow is ‘Disacakasika'. Its five transgressions are,
(1) To violate the limits relating to the upper region unknowingly. (2) To violate the limits of the lower region unwillingly. (3) To violate other directions and sub-directions.
(4) To decrease the limits in one direction and the corresponding increase in some other direction. A householder has the inalienable right to decrease the limit but never to increase it.
(5) Forgetfulness-A householder may forget whether the limit was for fifty or a hundred kilometers. In such cases the limit should be fifty even if the stipulated one was for a hundred. If inadvertently he goes a little beyond fifty, he must retrace his steps and not use things brought from the unstipulated area.
(2) Upabhoga-Paribhoga Parimana vrata - What is made use of only once is ‘upabhoga'. What is repeatedly used is 'Paribhoga'. This vow is to set limits to both. It is to safeguard the vows of non-injury and non-attachment. It saves one from all violence, great or small and also attenuates craving for the sensual world. A householder eats to live and does not live to eat. He is not a slave to his tongue. Mere taste is not the summum bonum of life. He is for nutritious food which should help his spiritual upliftment. A wrong diet and overeating are bad.
What is used once and cannot be used again is 'upabhoga', for example, food, water, anointing the body etc. What can be used more than Jain Education International For Private & Personal Use Only
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