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Jaina Acāra : Siddhanta aura Svarüpa
(3) Karmavytsarga-It is to annihilate eight kinds of Karma. It is further divided into :
(1) Cestā-It is taken recourse to in order to remove faults and lapses. Faults may be committed in easing nature, begging alms, on getting up in the morning and the like.
(2) Abhibhava-It is done for a long time with perfect concentration for self-purification as also to face emergency like rebellion, firebreak, famine etc.
The duration of the first is measured by inhalation of breath which might be eight, twenty-five, twenty-seven, three hundred, five hundred and a thousand which is the maximum limit. The minimum duration for the second is forty-eight minutes and the maximum limit is a year. Bāhubali had been in this state for one full year.
Kāyotsarga under six indispensable duties is concentration on prayer offered to twenty-four perfect souls. It contains seven verses and twenty-eight lines. With inhaling the first breath, the mind is focussed on 'lokassa ujjoyagari' and while exhaling it on 'dhammatitthayarę : while inhaling the second breath, the mind should be centered on 'arihante Kittaissa' and while exhaling on 'caubisapijusavara:
'Pravacanasäroddhāra' has classified it as follows :Caturvinsatistava Stanzā Line
Uchväsa (1) Day
100
100 (2) Night
50 (3) Fortnight 12
75
300 (4) Four months 16
100
400
400 (5) Year
20 125
500
500 The Digambara Amitagati has stated that 108 breaths for day and 54 for night should be meditated upon. In other types, 27 breaths needs must be watched. Nine repetitions of 'Namaskāramantra' are effected in 27 breaths. It is because in three breaths a single namaskara is concentrated upon. One breath is for 'Namoarihantānam', 'namosiddhānam', two breaths for 'Namoāyariyānam, namo uvajjhāvānam and 'Namo loai savva sahunam' in three breaths. In day and night a monk should observe Kāyotsarga, 28 times. During the period of self-study twelve times, during the salutation period six times, during the repentance period eight times and twice during the period of devotion. The total number thus comes to 28 times.
Aparajita says that when the five great vows are transgressed, Kāyotsarya of 108 'swellings up' should be devoutly practised. If doubt concerning the number because of unsteadiness arises, eight additional
25
50
300
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