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Jaina Acāra : Siddhanta aura Swarūpa had gone astray but later atoned for his sins. The conduct of ascetics has been clarified.
(22) Jitakalp-Usage is time-honoured and okayed by good people. To be detached from evil and attached to the good and auspicious is right usage. This is right conduct too. Detachment and attachment must be based on knowledge. To improve conduct repentance should be followed by expiation. Whatever atonement is suggested should be observed gleefully. It effects a complete transformation of the human heart. The atonement is in consonance with the sin committed. The greater the sin, the severer is expiation.
'Self-criticism' is not to find blemishes in others. Whatever defect has crept in your devotion and life should be revealed and never concealed. Concealment leads to further sin. Revelation in a child-like manner to your senior is to purify yourself. Only it should be sincere and heartfelt. Not to treat your sin as sin is the greatest sin.
'Pratikramana' is the second kind of expiation. It means introspection. Not to repeat faults is its essence. Carelessness in comportment and self-restraint, actions that cause pain to others, immodesty, disobedience of the teacher's orders, taking recourse to falsehood and the like, indecent cough, yawning, abstention from sneezing, actions that cause pain, love-making, laughter, idle gossiy, attachment to objects of sense-organs and the like lapses are transgressions.
“Tadubhayarha' is the third kind of expiation. It involves selfcriticism and introspection. Awe, fear, trouble, rashness, contraction, want of spirituality, evil thoughts, vicious speech, immoral advances and the like invite this expiation.
"Vivekārha' is its fourth variety. It means renunciation or denial. Food brought from beyond the fixed territorial and temporal limits, as also specially prepared, fraud and the defective way of accepting a bed invite this expiation,
The fifth kind is "Vyutsargārha'. It is the special way of abnegation. It generates detachment, fearlessness and desirelessness. It clearly differentiates between body and spirit. To remove the dust and dirt accumulated inside is 'Kāyotsarga'. It is the remedy for defects arising from going and coming, roaming, evil dreams as those relating to ships and rivers etc. Its duration is measured by deep inspiration and expiration. Its expiation is as follows: of the day 100; of the night 50; fortnightly 300; four months 500 and yearly 1008.
The sixth kind is ‘Tapārha'. The way sins are heated and burnt is 'Tapa' or penance. For the purification of different kinds of ills the suggestions are : eating but once in twenty-four hours, fasting once in six days, eight days etc., depending on indone's capacity. The divisions in scriptures are of tolerant, intolerant, wise and foolish, self-centered, extroverts and the like.
of differes, fasting divisions in
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