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Letter 4
(2) Bhavartha : That which explains the vital or implied meaning of the verses and sentences/words used and gives us the insight to the sentiment behind it is Bhavartha. All the scriptures are in Sanskrit and Prakrut. Any learned person, well versed in these languages may not necessarily be able to find out the deeper meaning i.e. Bhavartha behind the scriptures.
Therefore one must understand the sentiments or even at times motive behind the words.
For example, if a child goes for a movie during school hours without informing his mother and comes home late, the worried mother shouts at him saying "Oh you are grown up now! There's no need to come home! Why don't you go for the next show too ! " Here if the child will understand the irony of the statement he will feel sorry for what he has done. On the other hand if he takes the literal meaning and feels that his mother is pleased with him, and accordingly goes to see the next show then he is foolish in doing so. In the latter case he has not understood the Bhavartha. Therefore it is very essential to understand the Bnavartha.
(3) Agamartha : Agam amma means scriptures as told by Tirthankar. These scriptures can be divided in four divisions namely Prathamanuyoga प्रथमानुयोग, Charananuyoga चरणानुयोग, Karananuyoga Hunger and Dravyanuyoga GSATT.
Each of these divisions has its own different style. And if while reading them one is not conversant with their styles then any statement or words used in two different divisions may seem to be conflicting and contrary to each other. Thus it is also necessary to know the reason behind any particular statement. We will be discussing these divisions in details shortly.
(4) Nayartha : Any thing or any person can be known or perceived from different angles or points of view. And this knowledge of any object from any one particular point of view is called Naya 74. And consequently to understand the exact meaning of any sentence of any scripture with reference to the point of view with which it is stated is Nayartha, i.e. when a father tells his son, "go call mummy." He is calling her as mummy from the point of view of the son. Because from his own point of view she is wife and not mother. And the child calls his mother because he has understood the Nayantha or the point of view from which his father is saying the word mummy.
For' particular point of view' a word Kathanchit for or Syat Rina is used. Any statement ( angle ) in Jain scripture is always with some particular point of view ( Syat RIC). Therefore Jinavani is full of Syadvad स्याद्वाद.
