________________
128
GANITASARASANGRAHA.
related to the smaller group-value obtained as above so that a creeper-like chain of successive quotients may be obtained in this case also. Below the lowermost quotient in this chain the optionally chosen multiplier of the least remainder in the odd position of order in this last successive division is to be put down
The principle underlying the process given in the ralo is the same as that. explained in the rule regarding Vallika-kuṭṭikara--but with this difference, namely, that the last two figares in the chain here are obtained in a different way.
Again, from the rationale given in the footnote to rule in 115, Ch. VI, it will be seen that the agra, b, associated with the remainder in the odd position of order, has the same algebraical sign as is given to it in the problem; while the sign of the agra, b, associated with the remainder in the even position of order is opposite to its sign as given in the problem. Ilence, when the continued division is carriel up to a romainder in the odd position of order, the value of arrived at therefrom is in relation to ach an agra as has its sign unchanged; on the other hand, when the continuel division is carried up to a remainder in the even position of order, the value of r arrive at therefrom is in relation to an agra that has its sign changed. When the number of remainders obtained is odd, the number of quotients in the chain is even; and when the remainders are even, the quotients are odd in number. As the agra associated with the last remainder is in this rulo always taken to be positive, the value of z arrived at is in relation to the positive agra, if the last remainder happens to be in the odd position of order. And it is in relation to the negative ayra, if the last remainder happens to be in the even position of order. In other words, if the number of quotients be even, the value, is in relation to the positive agra; and if the number of quotients be odd, it is in relation to the negative agra.
The value of a in relation to the positive or the negative agra being thus found out, the other value is arrived at by snbtracting this value from the divisor in the problem. How this turns out will be clear from the following representation:---
Az + b an integer. Here let ac; then Ac + b
B
know that
AB B
is also an integer. Hence
AB B
an integer. We
B Ac + b A(B c) b B B
or
is an
integer.
It has to be noted here that the common fuctor, if any, of the three given numerical quantities is be removed before the operation of continued division is begun. The last divisor and the ast remainder being required to be equal it will invariably happen that these come to be 1.
The mati, required to be chosen in the rule relating to the Vallika-kuṭṭīkdra and required to be writton below the chain of quotients, is in this rule always 1, the last divisor being 1. Therefore the last divisor here takes the place of the mati in the l'allika-kuffinira. It will be seen further that the last figure of the chain obtained according to this rule, i...+agra, is the same as the last figure in the chain obtained in the Fallikd-katikara by dividing by the last divisor the sum of the aura and the product of the mati as multiplied by the last remainder.
