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The Three Hallmarks 75
does not feel any pain as a part of these practices. If at all he gets pleasure and satisfaction from these efforts, just like a mountaineer gets satisfaction from the hard labour and difficulties he encounters while conquering a peak.
(vi) Withdrawal(Sallinata)-Withdrawal of the soul from external matters or
wordly pursuits and devoting it towards its own upliftment is this kind of penance. In other words it involves efforts to make soul introvert, stopping it from becoming extrovert. This needs constant endeavour to watch the activity of the media(mind, speech and body) and to divert them inward, which requires continuous watch upon the senses, control of passion etc. Special mention may be made of the residence to be used by the disciples which should be free from disturbance through sound, smell, touch and sight.
49. The six sub-divisions of internal (abhyantra) penance are described as under
(i) Repentance or Expiation(Prayaschit)-To admit one's faults in observance
of Right Conduct and sins under the influence of negligence or passion, to make efforts to reduce the same and to avoid repetition of sinful activity is expiation or Prayaschit. There are numerous sub-divisions of this like confession, repentance, punishment, reinstatement etc.
(ii) Humility or reverence (Vinaya)-To show veneration towards the superiors
in knowledge, faith and conduct and to hold them in esteem is this type of penance. It involves practice of self-control, discipline and humility. Veneration should be practised through all the three media of body, speech as well as mind. Also humility is as important in worldly conduct of day to day life as for matters spiritual.
(iii) Service (Vaiya Vratya)-Service is the nelp rendered to the
deserving needy by bodily activity or by material things without selfish motive. Service is given priority even over acquisition of knowledge. Service can be in the form of providing food, drink, accommodation, medicines. nursing etc. Service should not only be
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