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The Doctrine of Karma 29
effort the destined results of Karma bondage can be altered, or modified to a certain extent.
30. These stages are: (i) Intensification (Udavartana) (ii) Dilution (Apvartna), (iii) Stay (Satta) (iv) Operation (Uday) (v) Premature operation (Udirna); (vi) Interchange (Sankramana) (vii) Dormancy (Upshama) (viii). Flexibility (Nidhat) (ix) Inflexibility (Nikachana). These are briefly dealt within the under-mentioned paras. (i) Intensification or Udvartana-means further increase in the
Duration (Stithi) or Intensity (Anubhag) of Karma bondage due to
one's action. (ii) Dilution or Apvartana involve reducing the duration or intensity
bondage as opposed to item (i) above. These both relate to the two types of Bondage only and as a result of these the duration of operation of Karmas may be prolonged or shortened as well made
more severe or mild due to Udvartana and Apvartana respectively. (iii) Stay or Satta means existence of Karma bondage with the soul
before coming into fruition or operation. It is the idle state of
Karma bodies. (iv) Operation or Udaya is the bearing of fruits by the Karma due to all
other conditions also being ripe. It is during the operation that the Karma have their good or bad effects on the beings and then leave the soul. It may be involuntary or by deliberate efforts when it is called Udirana (Premature-operation) discussed below at item (v). It has been prescribed that when Karma come into operation bringing pleasure or pain, one should observe complete equanimity (samata). This will make the Karma shed their attachment with the soul without further acquisition of Karma. If one loses his equanimity and indulges in further passions this will lead to
consequent bondage ad infinitum. (v) Udirana or Premature Operation means bringing the Karma
bondage into operation or fruition by deliberate efforts (like penance). In this process the Karma that could have borne fruits later can be ripened early to give results in advance like ripening of fruits by artificial means. It may not apply to all cases of and types of
Karma bondage. (vi) Inter-change or Sankarman involves the change of one type
of Karma bondage into another type. Ordinarily the Karma bondage adheres to its own Nature, Duration and Intensity
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