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Introduction
substitute for more than one Sanskrit wordl) –, it is clear that the title establishes a connection between the number ten and the extent of our text. Indeed it seems that the original extent of the work was not more than ten lectures. On the one hand the twelfth chapter calls itself (12, 1) an appendix (ra ) and it is clearly a later addition on account of the Āryā metre, which, in its common form, is not used in works of the early perioda), to which the language of our text belongs, on the other hand, the eleventh chapter cannot have formed the conclusion of the whole, as an AS is entirely absent, while it is found in 10, 21 and while the author laid stress upon having an W5H5 in 1,1. These chapters 11 and 12 are, of course, secondary only in so far as they are later additions, their age being about the same as that of the main work. For their text, with the exception of the Aryā introduction, shows no other language than do the parts preceding them. I therefore am not in a position to agree with those editors who leave them out. - The Dasaveyaliya Sutta needs no words of recommendation... Even to-day it fully accomplishes its object, viz. to serve as an anthology of sacred lore. The present writer wishes to say that he knows no text more suitable for the purpose of introducing his students to Jain law and language, although more archaisms in the form of words than in our text are to be found in the Āyāranga, Sūyagaďanga and Uttarajjhāyā and although, from time to time, uninflected nouns and verbs are to be found in it, a sign of some carelessness on the side of the author or compilator. In the fourth Chapter, the student is presented with the fundamental principles of Jainism: the doctrine of the extent of life in the universe and with the Great Vows, in addition to which instructions are given how to act in conformity with them. It may be pointed out that a special form of non-violence, viz. abstention from food in,
1) Besides a afera "connected with the evening times it may be वैचारिक, वैतारिक and वैतालिक. In the canonical Jain work तन्दुलवयालिय it is the first of these three words.
9) The Aryā chapters of the Uttarajjhayana Sutta are evidently later than the bulk of that work. The same can be said of the Aryās in Ayāranga II 15.
