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Biology in Jaina Treatise on Reals
Antarmuhurta of their birth there. The celestials beginning from mansional ones upto the residents of the twelfth- Sarhasrāra-heaven can attain righteousness through any or all of the following four factors- (i) pre-birthal recollection (ii) listening to religious sermons (iii) sight of Jina images and (iv) observations of celestial miracles or accomplishments. The celestials of 13-16 heavens may attain the righteousness through the first three factors as above. The celestials of nine Graiveyakas may have it through the first two factors as above. The higher celestials are always right-faithed as a rule. 3. The subsidential conduct arises from the subsidence of twenty eight subspecies of deluding karma in terms of twenty five of conduct-deluding karma and three of faith-deluding karma as shown below: (a) 25 types of conduct-deluding karma : (i) sixteen types of passions : (i) anger, (ii) pride, (iii) deceit and (iv) greed- each of (i) infinitely bonding (ii) partial vow-preventing (iii) total vow-preventing and (iv) gleaming types - 4x4 = 16. and (ii) Nine types of quasi-passions : (i) Laughter (ii) attachment or liking (iii) aversion or dis-liking (iv) sorrow (v) fear (vi) disgust (vii) male-libido (viii) female-libido and (ix) neuter-libido. (b) 3 types of faith deluding karma : (i) wrongness (ii) righteousness and (iii) right-cum-wrongness. Thus, we have 16+9+3=28 subspecies of deluding karma. 4. The righteousness is mentioned first in the aphorism as the conduct arises only after the righteousness. Supplementary Notes
The commentary deals with the following points : (a) Two types of subsidential volition have been mentioned in the text. (b) The volition of subsidential righteousness is caused due to the subsidence of seven karmic species involving four infinitely bonding passions and three right faith deluding karmic species. (c) The subsidence of karmic species occurs due to some or all of the six factors like (i) three types of favourable times due to (a) half-matterchange-time (b) karmic duration and (c) current birthal mode, (ii) pre-birthal recollection (iii) listening to religious sermons (iv) sight of Jina images (v) experiencing pains and (vi) observing the deital glamours. The subsidence is possible in all the four destinities. (d) The volitional subsidential conduct occurs due to subsidence of all the twenty eight karmic species of deluding karma as mentioned in the text. The conductal volition is preceded by the volitional righteousness. 2. The righteousness and right conduct could also be destructional or destruction-cum-subsidential. But here only their subsidential nature is intended. This subsidence has also a specific character for volitional descriptions.
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