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Biology in Jaina Treatise on Reals
plant kingdom through modern research methods. What to say of the other living beings?
Hence, the meaning of the word 'instinctive' has to be specified in the sense of expressible forms of specifically cognitive and mental instincts like thinking, education, memorisation and the like. This specification will not apply to 1-4-sensed and some other a-sexual living beings. It will apply to five uterine men and animals only. It is contended that purely sensory knowledge has an inferior content with respect to mental knowledge. The word 'instinctive here refers to the predominantly mental content.
However, the words 'instinct' and 'instinctive' are used for their general meaning. To distinguish the above special meanings, we can have 'Instinctive with capital letter to avoid confusion. The derivative of a word should also have a similar sense. 6. The word 'instinct' does not completely preclude 'mind' in 2-4-sensed or other 5-sensed a-sexuals. They have fine or not completely developed mind. Most 2-4-sensed ones have physical brain observed microscopically. H could be called completely devoid of psychical mind when the two forms are sufficiently correlated ? In fact, they have general mental faculty of memory, speculation and retention due to their sensory knowledgal process and earlierbirth experiences. The instincts or desires of food etc. in 2-4 sensed beings reflect their general memory. However, there is no concomitance of general and special memory etc. so that 'Instinctiveness' may be proved to be co-existing. Moreover, there is also no concomitance of education etc. and general memory etc., otherwise it should be observed in every living being. It is contradictory to direct observation and inference. 7. The special psychical mind is due to specific destruction-cumsubsidence of each individual living being. This is in the form of specific mental actions as indicated above. It is also called the mode of soul. However, physical mind does not function in its absence. 8. The Vaišesikas point out that the physical mind is the psychical mind. There are no two different entities. On this basis, they have mind as the separate category among their nine categories of realities. This is not acceptable to the Jainas. They point out that the psychical mind is attainmental and conscious and
soul itself. In contrast, the physical mind is the mode of mattergy having an internal and external structure. Thus, there is no separate category of mind besides either the soul or mattergy.
The physical mind is the mode of mattergy because it assists the psychical mind like physical senses. This can be proved by the syllogismi such as 'the physical mind is mattergic (it has touch etc.) as it is non-pervasive like air.'
However, the physical and psychical minds cannot be proved to be inseparable as the omniscients have physical senses but no psychical senses.
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