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Varavarikā, Upasargas, Samācāri (of ten varieties ), Cana dhara-vāda, Gañadharas, Nihnavas, Nihnava-vada, sesa Upod ghata, Niryukti and a-svādhyāya Nir yukti. Of these. Ganadhara vāda and Nihnayavāda are the most important of all, because they viscuss, both positively and negatively, several philosophical topics that are vitally connected with the Jaina ayamas.
Gañadharavāda and Nihnavavāda. Although both the Vādas ultimately point to the comme goal of the realisation of truth there is a great contrast between Canadhara-vāda and Nilnavavada in so far as their subject, method of discussion, debators, and the consequences of clobato are concerned. These points of contrast could bc explained briefly as follows:--
Gañadharavāda leals with positive type of discussion" while Nihnavavāda deals with negative type of discussion. Because Ganadharavāda strengthens the hands of Jaina Agamas hy asserting certain cardinal virtues of the Jaina Religion, while Nihnava. vāda tries to repudliate the principle of Jainism in one way or the other weakening thereby its influence amongst the people. Discussions in G. V. are based on the interpretations of certain Vodavacanas, while those in N. V. are based on the interpretations of the Jaina Agamas. Gañadharas enjoy the proud privi. lege of entering into debate with śramana Bhagavan Malāvira Ilimself, while Nihnavas enter into controversy with the Precept or of one Gaccha or the other. Gañadharas entertain honest doubts in their minds from the beginning and hence accept the principles of Tirthankara as soon as they are convinced; while Nihnavas, in most cases, do not leave their rigid beliefs in spite of any number of solid arguments advanced by their opponents. Debates of Gañadharas, therefore, seem to have generated for the realisation of truth, while those of Nihnavas are caused out of jealousy, anger, vanity or infatuation in many cases. Thus, love of truth is at the root of G. V., while insinuation of truth seems to be the root of N. V. It will, therefore, be seen that all the Ganadharas argue with their Celebrated l'rcceptor frankly
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