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6
Jaina Karmology 1. Wrong faith 2,3,4
4 (no wrong faith) 5
4 (All others except wrong faith)
3 (Non vigilance, passion,activity) 5. 7,8,9,10
2 (Activity, passion) 6. 11,12,13
1 (Activity only) 7. 14
Nil 10. Western scholars have historically examined the development of thoughts on causes of bonding. They have pointed out that there have been three stages on the issue leading to the current stage: (i) Only activity was the cause of karmic bondage and that this was only inauspicious one. (ii) It is not only activity, but volitions or psychic state which is also responsible for karmic bondage. (iii) Volitions play important role in karmic bondage. The five causes above can be involved in the last two of the historical processes as they have physical and psychical forms. 11. It may also be kept in mind that the sixth chapter of this text deals with the specific causes for bonding of specific karmic species. In contrast, this aphorism 8.1 deals mainly with the general causes of bondage. The specific causes of individual cases in sixth chapter can be explained and grouped under these five causes. It can be exemplified in case of knowledge and conation obscuring karmas as per 6.11: Specific causes
General Cause Knowledgal spite
Passion Envy
Passion Concealment
Passion Impediment
Activity Disregard
Non-vigilance Disparagement
Passion 12. The names of these bonding causes indicate that they result in bonding of in-auspicious karmas. However, the idealists point out that even the reverse of these causes like right faith, restraint, vigilance and non-passion also cause karmic bonding, though their intensity and auspicity may be variable as all these processes also involve activities,
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