________________
3b
4a
5
4b Conduct-deluding karma
8
Jaina Karmology
Bad sensation-producing karma
Faith-deluding karma
Life-span determining karma
Auspicious & inauspicious Physique-making karma
High and low status-determining
karma
Obstructive karma
69
Suffering
Blaspheming omniscient, scriptures, order, religion and deities, non-faith in true reals.
Passions emotions.
and intense
Low or high attachment, deceipt, mildness in nature, engaging in harmful activities, attachment.
Crooked activities, inconsistent behaviour and their opposites.
Praising self, censuring others, concealing and proclaiming good or bad qualities, humility.
Hindrance in different activities of gift, gain etc.
These primary karmic species of bondage are called karmas in general, This type of classification of karmas is not found in any other Indian philosphical system.
6. The concept of karma is found in almost all Indian philosphical and systems. But Jaina system excels all others in its physical psychologycal details. It has been developed on the combined basis of (1) theory of non-material soul and material living being (2) theory of rebirth (3) theory of next world and (4) theory of causality. It also seems to incorporate and synthesise almost all the components of Upanishadic theories regarding the functioning of the universe- (1) time (in terms of duration of karmas), (2) Fate or determinism (in terms of karmas of pre-birth, post -birth), (3) Naturalism (in terms of eight type of primary species), (4) Accidentalism (in terms of independence and mutation of karmas) and (5) theism (in terms of man himself as maker of own destiny). Modern scholars have pointed out that this
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