Jaina Karmaology

Author(s): N L Jain
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith

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8. The term 'vidhi' in aphorism 8.3 means kinds or varieties. Thus, there are four kinds of (karmic) bondages as described above in terms of species, duration etc. 9-10. The species-bondage and karmic mass point bondage are caused by the three kinds of activities (yoga). The duration and intensity ( of fruition) bondages are caused by four types of passions. The diversity of the bondages arises due to the differing degree of intensity of activities or passions. 11. The first variety of species bondage has two categories- (I) primary species and (ii) Secondary or sub-species. Supplementary Notes 1. The commentary deals with the following points. (a). There are four types of karmic bondages species or configuration, duration, frutional intensity and mass point. Each of them has been defined with illustrations :
etc.
No. Bondage
Definition
Illustration 1. Species Knowledge- obscuring Bitterness of neem.
sweetness of sugar
etc. 2. Duration
Time of non-deviation Swetness of milk of from inherent nature of different animals
species 3. Intensity strength of karmic Difference in bondage
sweetness of milk from various
sources. 4. Mass
Density / quantity of Density of milk point/point atomic groupings from different
converted into karmas. sources (b) The meanings of the four bondages are based on (i) ablative case for species bond (ii) abstractive case for duration and intensity bonds and (iii) accusative case for mass-point bond. (c) It has been pointed out that (i) the mass point and species bonds are mainly due to activities and (ii) the duration and intensity bondages are mainly due to passions.