Indian Antiquary Vol 47

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarkar
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 245

SEPTXMBER 1918 )
E AND O IN MARWARI AND GUJARATI
229
It is not exactly clear what Mr. Divatia means by the accent which he thinks is always present on the one or the other element of aï, aü. He can hardly mean the old Sanskrit accent, for his accent does not fall on the same syllables on which the Sanskrit accent would fall, besides, the Sanskrit accent does not always support the theory that aï, aü give e, ò only when accented on the a 12 What he probably means by accent is a stress or greater emphasis possessed by one of the two vowels in contradistinction from the other, but if he means this stress, he has a very peculiar way of defining and locating it. In some places he speaks of the “preponderance” of one vowel over the other. From the examples he gives of the preponderance of i or u over the preceding a, it appears that he finds the reasons of this preponderance in the fact that the i, or u, is "guru," i. e., prosodically long either by in nature or by position. Thus in Cittaúra > Citóra it is an u long by nature that predominates, whereas in Pannaulli > Pannaüli > Panoli it is an u long by position. Now, this is all very well, or at least it would be if the etymologies given were all correct, but these are examples of aủ >ó, not of aü > 6!
I have noted that several of the i's and us which Mr. Divatia understands as predominating, belong to the initial syllable of a suffix or of the second member of a nominal compound. This is probably a mere coincidence which my opponent possibly has not even noticed, but should he ever think of this and come out some day with a new theory according to which an i or w forming part of the initial syllable of a suflix or of the second member of a nominal compound predominates over the terminal a of the word to which it is appended and gives rise to é, o, I think I have better forestall him now by quoting a few etymologies which show that such is not the case :
Skt. upa-visati > Ap. uva-isai > 0. W. Raj. ba-isai > Marw.-Guj. bèse "Sita down Skt. *pra-bhůta kah > Ap. *pa-huttaü >0.W.Raj. pa-hutai > Marw.-Guj. pöhto "Arrived", Skt. pra-hara-> Ap. pa-hara-> 0. W. Raj. pa-hura > Marw.-Guj. pöhra "A watch of
the day", Skt. *dvá-sa plati > Ap. *bâ-hattari > 0.W.Raj. bu-hutari > Marw.-Guj. böhtara" Seventy
two", Skt. su-bhata > Ap.*su-bhada- > 0. W. Raj. su-hara > Marw.-Guj. söhara " A warrior",
. O.W. Raj. kabâna-ata > Marw.-Guj. kabarèta "A bowman", . O.W.Raj.pakhara-ïta > Marw.-Guj. pakharèta " An armoured
horse", Skt. sva-jana- > Ap. sa-(y)aņa-> 0. W. Raj. sa-yana > Marw Guj. se na A relative or
friend", Skt. Simha-putra-> Ap. Sinha-putta->0. W. Raj. Siha-ita > Marw.-Guj. Sihota 13 "Son
or descendant of Sthò", Skt. Labha-pura-> Ap. Laha-pura-> 0. W. Raj. Laha-ura > Marw.-Guj. Lahora 13
"Lahor."
13 Cfr. the cases following:
Skt. kari'ra. >0. W. Raj. kayara > Marw.-Guj. kèra "Capparis Aphylla", Skt. ndgara. <Ap. naly)ara-> 0. W. Raj. nayara, naira > Marw..Guj. 'néra "City of .... Skt. vijayd->Ap. vija(y). > 0. W. Raj. Djaya, vijai > Marw..Guj. vije " Victory", Skt. iata- <Ap. salyja, sait> 0. W. Raj. saj, saú, > Marw..Guj. ee, ad "Hundred",
Skt. samaya. Ap. sama(yla. > 0. W. Raj. samaya, samui > Marw..Guj. same "Time, epoch."
13 Patronymics in ta and names of towns or villages in ora are often pronounced narrow nowadays, but the evidence of old manuscripts shows that the o in these terminations was in origin wide. In fact, the manuscripts oxhibit in these cases both the d and the 6 spelling (e.g. A and art). but the former is perhaps the more frequent in old and accurate manuscripte, and, anyhow, the fact that the manuscripts, though often writing á ford, never write o for 6, is a sufficient reason for concluding that the o in these terminations must necessarily have been wide in origin.