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OCTOBER, 1878.]
THE INSCRIPTION OF RUDRADÅMAN AT JUNAGADH.
259
mentioned in the inscription, I offer the follow- prises modern Sindh and a portion of the ing identifications:
Multan districts. The two names are very (a) Parva para Akara vanti I take commonly mentioned together, and the Jainas to be the names of the two ancient divisions of name Vita bha ya as its capital (PravachaMåla vå, and I construe purva, eastern,' with ncsáraddhdra, dodra 12). ákara and apara, western,' with Avanti. (h) Aparanta is, according to Varahamihira This identification may be supported by a (Brihatsanhita XIV. 14. 20), a western country, passage from the commentary in Vatsyâyana's and, according to the commentary of the VatsyaKámasútra (adhikaruna 3), where it is said that yana Kámasútra, the coast of the western ocean. western Mala v  (which the text mentions) It corresponds with the modern Konkaņa, the is Ujjayini, and eastern Malavá is M Alav å district extending from Gokarna, in the properly so called. The latter would corre- Karwar Collectorate, to the Daman Ganga, spond with the Bhilsâ district, the ancient capital the frontier river of Gujarât, or perhaps even of which was Vidiś â (now the deserted farther north to the Tapi. This identification town of Besnagar), on the Vetravati. That is supported by a passage of the ArjunatirthayaAvanti is another name for Mala v å is well
trd in the Adiparva of the Mahabharata where known.
it is asserted that Arjuna, after going to visit (b) Anúpa means literally a well-watered the sanctuary of Pasupati at Gokarna, country,' and nivsit 'country' in general. I take travelled to all the tirthas in A parânta, and, the two words as a compound, and the first part following the sea-coast, finally arrived in as a proper noun. I therefore translate the Prabhåsa (Somnath Pattan in Kathjâvåd).' Anûpa country.' But I am unable to identify Raghuvansa IV. 53, too, A parânta is deit.
scribed as the country between the Sahyadri (c) Anarta is known from the Maha. range (the western Ghats) and the ocean; and bharata and the Puranas. It corresponds to Mallin atha, in his commentary on the verse, northern Kachiavad. Its capital was Kuss- quotes the Visvakosha to the effect that sa rpåthali, the modern D vârka.
raka was the capital of Aparanta. This (d) Surashtra was the name of southern town is the modern Sopârâ, near Bassein Kåthiâvâd, which has been preserved in the (Vasai), in the Thâņå districts, as has been form Sorath as the designation of the Juna- shown by Mr. J. Burgess. gadh territory
In my opinion the Greek name of the western (e) Švabhra is either the country on the coast of India, Aptaký, Ariake, is a corruption of banks of the Sa bharmati, in Sanskrit A par antik A, which in Prakrit may have Švabhramati, in northern Gajarât, or the become A barátik & or Avara ika. old name of Sambhar (Sâmbar), in the Regarding the other countries mentioned I Ajmir territory.
am unable to say anything, nor am I able to () Mar u is, of course, a portion of modern decide where Rudradâman's capital was. On the MA rv &d; and Kachha the province north latter point I will, however, say thus much, that of Kathiảvad, still called so.
it was not in Kathiâvâd, as this province was (9) Sindh u-Sau vira probably com- | ruled by a governor. ['l 'falla agrå Tosti FTTETTET)------------(A) Propa
रायामोछ्यनिःसन्धिबद्धदृढसर्वपाळीकलात्पर्वतपा
• Ujjayin delabhavyasta evdpiramdlavyah ...... malavya itu purvamálavabhavan.
Professor Bhandarkar has shown that the capital of Anûpa was Mahishmati, and that it consequently corresponds with Nimad.
See Trans. Or. Cong. of 1874, p. 313.-G. B.
• Våtsy. adhik. 3: a parantika iti paschimasamudratire aparántadeśas tatrabhavaḥ.
...... Gokarnamabhito gatam | Adyam pasupate sthånam daránAdeva muktidam | yatra p&popi manujah prápnotyabhayam padam ||
Boparantesbu tirthäni punyAnykyatanAni cha Barványevinupůrvyena jagamasitávikramah samudre paschime yani tirthanyâyatanAni cha | ! tini sarvani gatva sa prabh&sam upajagmivan
Ind. Ant. vol. I. p. 321 ; vol. IV. p. 232; conf. Second Archæol. Report, p. 131.-ED.
Variæ lectiones :L. 1, forft is distinct, though faint, on the stone. The reading is very improbable. Bhagavanlal's foota is doubtlessly the correct reading. But the stone has tp for toi.-G. B.
