Hajarimalmuni Smruti Granth

Author(s): Shobhachad Bharilla
Publisher: Hajarimalmuni Smruti Granth Prakashan Samiti Byavar

Page 993

४० : मुनि श्रीहजारीमल स्मृति-ग्रन्थ
speaking the truth which is likely to lead to some kind of Himsā or violence, in such a case they had better hold their peace. If a man is subject to anger, greed, fear or the habit of poking fun or cracking jokes, there is every chance of his having to tell a lie; that is why it is enjoined upon the Sadhus to renounce anger, greed etc. They do not indulge in falsehood or hypocrisy either in thought, word or deed; nor do they make others indulge in it, nor approve of others' indulging in it. The third major vow is non-stealing. It is also called Adattādāna Viramana Vrata. The Sadhus do not commit any form of stealing. They do not take anything not given them by its owner. They do not make others take such a thing, nor do they approve of others' taking it. While taking alms, they are particular about the quantity they accept, so that it may not be more than what is just required. Acceptance of more than the required amount renders them guilty of stealing. The fourth major vow is Brahmacharyya or chastity. It is called Maithuna Viramana Vrata. The Sådhus give up all forms of sexual enjoyment in thought, word and deed. They do not themselves indulge in sexual pleasures, do not make others indulge in them nor do they approve of others indulging in them. They strictly eschew all thought of the sexual pleasures they may have had as householders. They do not sit or lie down on a seat for bed used by a woman. They do not eat palatable food or any food that is likely to excite carnal desires. These are some of the severe rules the Sadhus or monks follow in their practice of the fourth great vow. The fifth major vow is non-possession or Aparigraha. It is called Parigraha Viramana Vrata. The Sadhus renounce all possessions, such as all kinds of wealth, grains, land and other immovable properties, house etc. They do not themselves possess these things, do not ask others to possess them, nor do they approve of others possessing them. They practise the fifth great vow by giving up all attachment in thought, word and deed to all objects of sound, sight, smell, taste and touch. The Jaina Sadhus practise also ten virtues or Yatis, which are called Yati-Dharma or the virtues of a self-controlled Sādhu : forgiveness, (Kshamā), humility (Mārdava), candour (Arjava), non-covetousness (Nirlobhatā), poverty (Akinchanatā), truthfulness (Satya), selfrestraint (Samyama), austerities (Tapasyā), inner and outer purity (Shaucha), and chastity (Brahmacharya). They have to subdue the wild impulses of their minds, speech, and bodies. They have to be always alert and vigilant in the observance of three Guptis or rules of self-discipline. The first is Manogupti, which means inhibition or elimination of evil and impure thoughts, and the initiation of a train of good thoughts. The second, Vachanagupti, means a restraint over one's speech, or, if necessary, the observance of total silence. The third, Kāyagupti, is a regulation of all the movements of one's body. Again, the Sadhus have to observe five Samities : Iryyā Samity, Bhāshä Samity, Eshanā Samity, Adāna Nikshepa Samity, and Utsarga Samity. They have to walk with care, so that they may not tread upon any creature—this is Iryyā Samity. To be restrained in speech and speak only what is true and beneficial, is Bhasha Samity. To procure with care and caution only the food which is pure, harmless and necessary for the maintenance of the body, is Eshnā Samity. To take and keep things with care is Adāna
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